专题2 2 第2节 动词的被动语态及替代表达（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦动词被动语态及替代表达这一高考核心考点，将常见时态被动语态构成（按现在、过去、将来等时态分类呈现）与主动表被动的五种替代表达情况系统整合，通过考点梳理（表格归纳结构）、方法指导（名师指津提示易错点）、真题训练（即学即练与高考真题微练）三个环节，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破被动语态应用难点。 资料以语言能力与思维品质培养为导向，创新采用“规则解析+语境迁移”教学策略，如通过表格对比不同时态被动结构形式，结合高考真题实例（2023-2026年各地模拟题）讲解主动表被动的语境条件，同步设置语法填空与写作微练分层练习，有效提升学生的语法理解与表达准确性，为教师精准把控复习进度、高效提升学生应考能力提供清晰路径。

第2节　动词的被动语态及替代表达 考点一　常见时态的被动语态的构成 时态 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在时 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done 过去时 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来时 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 过去将来时 would/should be done would/should have been done [名师指津]　(1)有时候可以使用get/become等替代be构成被动结构。如get injured被伤到。 (2)某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态。常见的有：have有，cost花费，lack 缺少，suit 适合，belong to 属于，suffer from 遭受，date from/back to 追溯到，consist of 由……组成，take part in参加。 (3)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。如：happen/take place/occur发生，remain剩余，break out爆发，last持续，come out出版，come up被提出，lose heart失去信心，run out用完。 考点二　主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况 1.“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构表示状态，不能使用被动语态，但有时可包含被动意义。 It is known to us that ice always feels cold. 我们都知道冰摸起来总是凉的。 2.当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear(磨损)，run(运转)，burn等不及物动词后有状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语的属性、特征或功能时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 ①This kind of wood burns easily.It is dry and has a high calorific value，making it a good fuel. 这种木头很容易燃烧。它很干燥，热值高，是很好的燃料。 ②Have you bought the book that sells well these days？你买了最近销售得很好的那本书了吗？ 3.need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词的后面常用动词-ing形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 Traffic signal time needs increasing/to be increased，and in that case，more pedestrians and vehicles are allowed to pass respectively. 交通信号的时间需要增加，这样可以让更多的行人和车辆分别通过。 4.在“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 ①The math problem is easy to understand，for the teacher explained it in a very clear way. 这道数学题很容易理解，老师讲解得非常清晰。 ②This piece of clothing is fit to wear.It has the right size and style，and the fabric is of good quality.这件衣服适合穿。大小和款式都合适，而且面料质量很好。 5.be to rent/blame主动形式表示被动意义；worth doing表示被动意义。 ①The movie，which has a touching story and amazing special effects，is well worth watching. 这部电影有一个感人的故事和惊人的特效，非常值得一看。 ②The students are to blame for the mess in the classroom，as they didn’t clean up after the party. 学生们应该为教室里的混乱局面负责，因为他们在派对结束后没有打扫。 学生用书⬇第333页 [即学即练]——单句语法填空 1.Up to now， their achievements have been applied (apply) across nearly 50，000 mu in Hotan and neighboring areas. (2026·山东省日照市三模) 2.The event marked the arrival of China’s and also the world’s second-ever spacecraft on the far side， which is believed (believe) by scientists to hold clues to many mysteries surrounding the moon and the solar system. (2026·黄冈中学三模) 3.As AI systems become more capable， some jobs will be replaced (replace) by machines in the future. (2025·河南省H20高中联盟4月联考) 4.Zhou Ping， a deputy director of the Chinese museum， in February 2023， was appointed (appoint) to participate in the cathedral’s restoration. (2026·湖北省八市联考) 5.Multiple rock painting sites have been discovered (discover) since the 1970s in various parts of Gansu. (2025·河南省部分学校三模) Ⅰ.语法与高考语法填空微练——单句语法填空 1.Every language is worthy of respect and should be treated(treat)equally. (2025·八省联考卷) 2.Usually，better outcomes are achieved(achieve)through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. (2025·北京卷) 3.However，though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered(offer)in smaller packs. (2024·浙江1月卷) 4.Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed(employ)today to draw attention to important truths. (2023·全国甲卷) 5.Having visited several times over the last 10 years，I was amazed(amaze)by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing. (2023·全国乙卷) Ⅱ.语法与高考真题写作微练——根据所给汉语补全句子 1.对于以英语为母语的人来说，有些汉语单词很难发音。 (2025·全国二卷读后续写) For native speakers of English，some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. 2.我意识到如果我不停下来，整个讲座就会被毁。 (2025·全国二卷读后续写) I realized that if I didn’t stop，the entire lecture would be ruined. 3.在一次课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释我名字的含义。 (2025·全国二卷读后续写) In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. 4.天已经黑了，街上近乎废弃一般。 (2025·八省联考读后续写) It was already getting dark and the streets were nearly deserted. 5.共享单车因其方便和低碳而受到青睐，在全球范围内被使用并受到了广泛的欢迎。 (2024·全国甲卷书面表达) The shared bicycle， favoured for its convenience and low carbon， is used worldwide and has gained widespread popularity. 学生用书⬇第334页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $