专题2 1 第1节 谓语动词常用的时态（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考谓语动词核心考点，系统梳理时态（重点、次要及其他时态）、语态和主谓一致，按考查频率分层构建知识体系，通过考点精析、方法指导（如时间状语从句时态规则）和真题训练（即学即练与高考微练），帮助学生突破时态运用难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料以语言能力和思维品质培养为核心，创新采用“考点-真题-应用”三阶教学法，如在现在完成时讲解中结合“since+过去时”句型分析与2026年高考真题填空训练，设置分层练习（单句语法填空、写作补全），确保高效突破时态考点，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

第一讲　谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 　　谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词，主要包括实义动词和动词短语。一个简单句有且只能有一套谓语结构。若是由多个简单句组成的并列句或复合句，则有几个简单句就应有几个谓语动词。谓语动词常考查点为动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 第1节　谓语动词常用的时态 考点一　重点考查两个时态 1.一般现在时(主动do/does，被动am/is/are done) (1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与频度副词(词组)always，every time，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，every day/night等连用。 ①He always makes a detailed plan at the beginning of each month to ensure he can achieve his goals efficiently.他总是在每个月初制定一份详细的计划，以确保能高效地实现自己的目标。 ②They often gather in the library after school to discuss difficult math problems and help each other improve.他们经常放学后在图书馆相聚，讨论数学难题并互相帮助提高。 ③Every night，before going to bed，she reads some meaningful articles to enrich her knowledge and broaden her horizons.每晚睡觉前，她都会读一些有意义的文章来丰富知识、拓宽视野。 (2)表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作或事件。常见的动词(词组)有go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come，take off等。 ①The new semester begins on September 1st as per the school calendar，and students are busy getting their school supplies ready.根据校历，新学期9月1日开学，学生们正忙着准备学习用品。 ②The plane takes off at 9：30 a.m. tomorrow according to the flight schedule，so we have to arrive at the airport two hours earlier. 按照航班时刻表，飞机明天上午9点30分起飞，所以我们得提前两小时到达机场。 (3)如果主句用一般将来时，那么在时间、条件、让步或其他状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 ①Even if he makes a mistake，he will not be criticized severely. 即使他犯了错误，他也不会受到严厉批评。 ②No matter what happens，we will stick to our plan. 无论发生什么，我们都将坚持我们的计划。 ③If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，we’ll have a trip. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去旅行。 2.一般过去时(主动did，被动was/were done) 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作，还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在状态没有关系，可以与the other day，last week，the day before yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。 ①I often went to the park to feed the ducks on weekends last year. 去年我经常在周末去公园喂鸭子。 ②I had one trip last year when I was caught by a hurricane in America. 去年有一次旅行，我在美国赶上飓风。 学生用书⬇第328页 ③I met an old friend in the supermarket the other day.前几天我在超市遇到了一位老朋友。 [名师指津]　在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若两个动作接连发生，一般不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时，尤其是在含有before与after的主从复合句中。 After they arrived at the station，they bought the tickets. 他们到达车站之后买了票。 He left the office before he locked the door. 他锁门之前离开了办公室。 [即学即练1]——单句语法填空 1.The property remains (remain) in good condition and threats are generally not of significant concern. (2026·安徽省高三冲刺一卷) 2.The village was remote and unpolished.It was my first chance to film(film)in a location that felt so authentic and that people truly lived(live)in. (2026·辽宁省名校联盟模拟三) 3.A Deakin University study surveyed 13，217 Australian teens (ages 12－18) and found (find) 73％ prefer reading paper books， while only 15％ read daily for fun. (2026·浙江省嘉兴市第二次测试) 4.The museum houses(house) an extensive collection of cultural relics， from ancient clothing to contemporary art， displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization. (2025·深圳4月二模) 考点二　次要考查两个时态及其分支 1.现在完成时(主动have/has done，被动have/has been done；现在完成进行时have/has been doing) (1)表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果用现在完成时。常与yet，before，recently，once，lately 等表示过去时间的状语连用。 ①I haven’t received the confirmation email from the university yet，which makes me a little anxious about my admission.我还没有收到大学的确认邮件，这让我对自己的录取情况有点焦虑。 ②Although I have tried various methods to improve my English before，I still find it difficult to express myself fluently in some complex situations.尽管我以前尝试过各种方法来提高我的英语水平，但在一些复杂的情况下，我仍然觉得很难流利地表达自己。 (2)表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作，或者表示重复进行的动作，用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，但如果是短暂性动词，一般只用现在完成时而不用现在完成进行时。常与so far，up to now，since，in the past few years等表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用。 ①Over the last two years，some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions. 在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，含有不同的份量。 ②His first novel has received/has been receiving good reviews since it came out last month. 他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。 ③Up to now，they have been working/have worked on this project for three months，and they will continue until it is completed. 直到现在，他们已经为这个项目工作了三个月，并且会继续工作直到项目完成。 (3)在时间、条件状语从句中可使用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 He will be back before I have finished my work. 我完成工作之前他会回来的。 (4)下列句型中常用现在完成时。 ①It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句 It is/has been more than 4，000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.中国人开始种植和饮用茶已经有4 000多年的历史了。 ②在“It/This is the first/second/third...time＋that 从句”句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。 学生用书⬇第329页 As far as I know，it is the first time that you have decided to celebrate the Chinese New Year，which will impress you greatly.据我所知，这是你第一次决定过中国新年，这将给你留下深刻的印象。 2.过去完成时(主动had done，被动had been done；过去完成进行时had been doing) (1)表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去之前，过去的过去”，常与by，by the end of，by the time，before，since，until等短语或从句连用，这类短语或从句描述过去时间或者过去动作或状态。 ①I had put away my cellphone before my father came back. 在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。 ②By the end of yesterday，we had received over 1，000 letters from all over the world.到昨天为止，我们已经收到了来自世界各地的1 000多封信。 (2)表示“期望、打算、认为”的动词(如hope，want，expect，think，mean，suppose，plan，intend)用过去完成时，表示过去本打算实现而未实现的愿望或计划。 To Sam’s surprise，his parents’ reaction was far beyond what he had expected. 令萨姆惊讶的是，他父母的反应远远超出了他的预期。 (3)在“hardly(scarcely)...when...”“no sooner...than...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。 Mac had hardly stood up when the wolf arrived and was about to launch another attack. 马克刚站起来，狼就来了，正要发动另一次进攻。 (4)在“It/This was the first(second，etc.)time＋that从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the first time that I had truly realized the meaning of the gift—patience.这是我第一次真正体会到这份礼物的意义——耐心。 (5)过去完成进行时主要描述在过去时间、状态或动作之前发生且持续的动作或状态，此时一般也可以用过去完成时表达；和现在完成进行时类似，过去完成进行时一般不用于瞬时动词。 I had been preparing/had prepared for the College Entrance Examination for months before I finally took it.在最终参加高考之前，我已经为这次考试准备了好几个月。 [即学即练2]——单句语法填空 1.Ever since the journey began， Salopek and his partners have produced (produce) over 4，000 posts with photos， videos and writings in China to feed the followers’ curiosity. (2026·衡水中学综合素质评价三) 2.So far this concept has attracted (attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. (2026·贵阳市高三联考二) 3.Although humanoid robots have made appearances at marathons in China over the past year， this was the first time they had completed (complete) alongside humans. (2026·重庆市七校三诊) 考点三　高考真题语篇和写作中常出现的其他时态 1.现在进行时(am/is/are doing) (1)表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作，或表示现阶段正在进行而此时此刻不一定正在进行的动作。 I am currently working hard on my English composition，trying to use vivid expressions to make it more attractive.我现在正在努力写我的英语作文，试图运用生动的表达让它更有吸引力。 (2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常见的动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，work，stay，have等。 ①I am leaving for Beijing next week to attend an important international conference. 我下周要前往北京参加一个重要的国际会议。 ②They are starting their journey to the countryside this weekend to experience the peaceful rural life. 他们本周末将开启前往乡村的旅程去体验宁静的乡村生活。 学生用书⬇第330页 2.过去进行时(were/was doing) (1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行或过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作。 I was reading an interesting English novel in my cozy bedroom last night when my mother suddenly came in and told me some exciting news. 昨晚我正在我温馨的卧室里读一本有趣的英语小说，这时我妈妈突然进来并告诉我一些令人兴奋的消息。 (2)表示运动和位置移动的动词可以用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这类动词主要有：leave，start，arrive，go，come 等。 She phoned to say that her friend was coming to see her that evening to share some wonderful experiences during the summer vacation. 她打电话说她的朋友那天晚上要来看她，来分享暑假期间的一些精彩经历。 3.将来进行时(will/shall be doing) 表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在发生或进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用，如at this time tomorrow，at 4 o’clock tomorrow afternoon等。如果不强调动作正在进行，也可以用一般将来时替代。 ①They will be having a picnic by the lake at 4 o’clock tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午4点他们将正在湖边野餐。 ②The workers will be building/will build a new bridge over the river next month. 下个月工人们将在河上修建一座新桥。 4.一般将来时(主动will/shall do，被动will/shall be done) (1)“will/shall＋动词原形”表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。 ①The school will hold a sports meeting next month.All the students are actively preparing for the events.学校下个月将举办一场运动会。所有学生都正在积极为各个项目做准备。 ②Oh，I forgot to buy bread.I’ll go to the supermarket right now. 哦，我忘了买面包。我现在就去超市。 (2)“be going to do”表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情；根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。 Aiming to relieve the pressure of the final examination and relax ourselves，our class are going to organize an outing next weekend. 为了减轻期末考试的压力，放松自己，我们班打算下周末组织一次郊游。 (3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用。 ①The football players are about to begin the match.足球运动员们即将开始比赛。 ②I was about to leave home when it began to rain heavily.我正要离开家时，突然下起了大雨。 (4)“be to do”表示约定的、计划中的或按命令、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的或用于征求意见。 By the way，after the contest，I am to drop in at your university to visit you.顺便说一句，比赛结束后，我将顺便去你们大学看望你们。 5.过去将来时(主动would do，被动would be done) 表示从过去的观点看在将来发生的行为、存在的状态或过去的意图、打算。 My brother-in-law was laughing so hard that I thought he would fall off his chair.我姐夫笑得很厉害，以至于我以为他会从椅子上摔下来。 6.将来完成时和过去将来完成时(主动will/would have done，被动will/would have been done) 将来完成时表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，强调“将来的截止时间”和“动作的完成”。过去将来完成时表示从过去某一时间看将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，它常用于虚拟语气中，描述与事实相反的结果或者状态。 ①By the time I graduate from university next year，I will have accumulated a great deal of knowledge and skills that are essential for my future career. 到明年我大学毕业的时候，我将已经积累了大量对我未来职业至关重要的知识和技能。 ②If she had caught the early bus，she would have arrived at the airport two hours before the flight took off.如果她赶上了早班车，她将已经在航班起飞前两小时到达机场了。 学生用书⬇第331页 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空/完成句子 1.However， putting systems and steps in place around item management will make (make) everyday life easier for those hoarders in the future， lessening such tendencies. (2025·湖北省“新八校”协作体5月模拟) 2.To give the visitors a deeper understanding of this ancient heritage and a closer insight into the 300，000 volumes， the library is digitalizing (digitalize) the ancient books at the moment， which will make it possible for more people to appreciate the ancient books. (2026·辽宁省名校联盟模拟卷) 3.Patting me on the shoulder， he inspired me to continue writing in English and believed that I would make great achievements in writing(相信我在写作方面将取得巨大成就). Ⅰ.语法与高考语法填空微练——单句语法填空 1.A decent winner always tries(try)to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态)of respect for the other side. (2025·全国一卷) 2.By the time you brushed your teeth，you had made(make) several decisions even without noticing. (2025·北京卷) 3.The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China，but also promotes(promote)language and cultural exchanges in the world. (2025·八省联考卷) Ⅱ.语法与高考真题写作微练——根据所给汉语补全句子 1.就我而言，专栏“乐趣在我的学校”是一个更好的选择。 (2025·全国一卷应用文写作) As far as I am concerned，the column“Fun at my school” is a better choice. 2.此外，它可以鼓励更多的学生参加学校的活动，分享他们的经验，这将使我们的报纸更丰富多彩，更有吸引力。 (2025·全国一卷应用文写作) Moreover，it can encourage more students to participate in school activities and share their experiences，which will make our newspaper more colorful and appealing. 3.他正面临着健康问题，而结婚35年的妻子在几个月前去世了。 (2025·全国一卷读后续写) He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. 4.当我回想起那天晚上发生的事情时，羞愧之情涌上心头。 (2025·全国一卷读后续写) As I reflected on what had happened that evening，shame washed over me. 5.她已准备了很多零食，而我的任务则是把后院收拾整齐。 (2025·全国一卷读后续写) She had prepared lots of snacks， while my job was to have the backyard in order. 学生用书⬇第332页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $