专题06 阅读理解之说明文（期末复习）2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末复习（新教材人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解，通过自然灾害、礼仪习俗等四大话题，系统训练细节理解、主旨归纳等核心能力，强化语言能力与文化意识的融合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |自然灾害与防范|4篇/地震、雪崩等|事实细节、措施判断、结构分析|以自然现象为载体，构建"成因-影响-防范"逻辑链| |礼仪与习俗|4篇/中外礼仪|词义猜测、主旨归纳、文化对比|从个人行为到文化传统，形成礼仪认知梯度| |文学名著|4篇/老舍作品等|作者信息、内容理解、作品影响|以文学常识为依托，培养文本解读与评价能力| |志愿服务|4篇/地震救援等|活动意义、细节理解、推理判断|通过社会服务场景，提升信息提取与价值判断能力|

专题06 阅读理解之说明文 话题1自然灾害与防范 （一） ①Every thirty seconds there is an earthquake in the world. Some of these earthquakes are so weak that people can’t feel them. But some of them are very serious and many people get hurt or die in them. ②Do you know what causes earthquakes? ③The earth’s surface has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake. Scientists are trying to predict big earthquakes, but it’s very hard. ④Do you know how to protect yourself during an earthquake? Here are some ways. You should remember them. ⑤If you are inside ◆Quickly move under a desk or along a wall. It will protect you from falling things. Don’t run out of the door. ◆Keep away from windows. ◆Turn off the power and fire. ◆Don’t get into a lift. If you are in a lift, get out as quickly as possible. ⑥If you are outside ◆Don’t stay near tall buildings and trees. Things may fall on you. ◆Be careful of fallen power lines. ◆Lie on the ground in clear areas until the shaking stops. 1．How often does an earthquake happen in the world? A．Once every thirty seconds. B．Once every thirty minutes. C．Once every three hours. D．Once every thirteen seconds. 2．Why does an earthquake happen? A．Because the earth’s surface is too thin. B．Because there are too many pieces on the earth’s surface. C．Because two pieces of the earth’s surface move past each other. D．Because the pieces of the earth’s surface are moving too fast. 3．Which is the best way when an earthquake happens? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 5．We can know _________ from the passage. A．how we can predict an earthquake will happen B．what we can do before an earthquake C．how we can save people after an earthquake D．what we can do during an earthquake （二） An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°. It can move at a speed of 96 km/h to 129 km/h. Different things can make avalanches happen suddenly. About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities. Earthquakes and even animals’ movements can also make them happen. Avalanches happen all year round. Most of them are small, but in high mountains, such as the Himalayas, they can be very large and dangerous. When it happens, the fast-moving snow, ice and rocks can sweep away everything on the way. They cover people alive and the snow is so heavy that they can’t breathe. Some avalanches cover all the houses and villages along the way. Once an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people under it die of the cold. What can we do to stay safe if we want to climb snow mountains? Never start climbing when the snow begins melting (融化), especially in spring. Avalanches may happen this season at any minute. Wait for at least 2 days to start climbing after a snowstorm. Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important. And always make sure you have the right tools and know how to use them before climbing snow mountains. Also, you’d better tell someone your plan before climbing, so they can help if needed. 1．Which picture shows an avalanche? A． B． C． D． 2．What is the main cause of most avalanches? A．Falling temperatures. B．Rising winds. C．Big earthquakes. D．People’s actions. 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The cause of avalanches. B．The types of avalanches. C．The effect of avalanches. D．The speed of avalanches. 4．Which is the right way to keep safe? A．Keep quiet when climbing snow mountains. B．Start climbing after the snowstorm right away. C．Climb snow mountains in spring with useful tools. D．Buy expensive tools before climbing the mountains. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To describe mountain life. B．To explain the form of snow. C．To encourage mountain climbing. D．To warn about avalanche dangers. （三） Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it? If you do, you may experience snowstorms. A snowstorm is a heavy snow with strong winds. Now let’s take a closer look at it. Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite (冻伤). Well, it is really necessary to learn something about how to protect yourself in such terrible weather. You should always pay attention to the weather report. Then you can get well prepared for snowstorms. You can change the travel plan in time before the snowstorms come. Prepare what you need to keep warm, and save enough food and water for your family. If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged (毁) by heavy snow. If you are indoors, try not to go out. Don’t go to clean the snow, or you will lose temperature. Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒). If you have to go out, you need to wear thick clothes to keep warm. And you’d better wear proper shoes to stop yourself from falling down. Besides, be careful of power lines, because they can be dangerous for people on foot. These are some basic knowledge about snowstorms, and you need to keep this knowledge in your mind. Protect yourself during snowstorms. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining differences. D．By asking questions. 2．Which question can help us find out the writer’s purpose of the second paragraph? A．How can people live in the snowstorms? B．What should people do with snowstorms? C．What are the effects of snowstorms? D．How do snowstorms form? 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The house. B．The travel. C．The food. D．The plan. 4．Why should we use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors? A．To give us sunlight. B．To keep us safe. C．To show us ways. D．To teach us lessons. 5．Where can we read this text? A．In a book about illnesses. B．In a newspaper about culture. C．On a website about hard life. D．In a magazine about weather. （四） A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it gets close to the coast and enters shallow water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong earthquake near the coast. The ocean may pull back far from the shore (海岸) very quickly, just like a very low tide (低潮), or a loud sound coming from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3．What does the underlined word “shallow” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deep. B．Not deep. C．Warm. D．Cold. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulls back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground immediately. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 话题2礼仪与习俗 （一） If someone invites you to a party, what will you do? Accept it happily or refuse it politely? In our daily life, we often receive different invitations. Knowing how to accept or refuse invitations properly is an important social skill. When you get an invitation, first you should show your thanks, no matter you will go or not. If you decide to accept the invitation, you need to reply clearly. You can say “Thank you for inviting me! I’d love to come.” And you’d better ask about the exact time and place of the party to avoid being late. Before going to the party, it’s polite to prepare a small gift, such as flowers or snacks. When you arrive, greet the host warmly. During the party, don’t leave too early. Enjoy the time with other guests. Sometimes you may be too busy or have other plans, so you have to turn down an invitation. Remember to refuse politely and explain the reason briefly. Never refuse others’ invitations rudely. There are different ways to refuse. If you have to study for an exam, you can say “I’m sorry I can’t go. I have to prepare for my English test tonight.” If you are ill, you can tell the truth directly. You can also show your regret and hope to join next time. For example, “What a pity! I have to look after my little sister. I hope I can come next time.” Besides, you should pay attention to different situations. For family members and close friends, you can speak more freely. For teachers or strangers, your words should be more polite and formal. In a word, good manners will help you get on well with people around you. Practice these skills, and you will become a popular person in social situations. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to hold a wonderful party. B．How to accept or refuse invitations properly. C．Different kinds of parties in daily life. D．How to make friends at parties. 2．What should you do first when you get an invitation? A．Buy a gift at once. B．Show your thanks. C．Ask for the address. D．Refuse it directly. 3．Which is a polite way to refuse an invitation? A．I don’t want to go. B．No, I’m busy. C．Sorry, I have to look after my sister. D．It’s boring, so I won’t go. 4．Why do people refuse invitations according to the passage? ① Have to study      ② Be ill       ③ Need to look after family members      ④ Dislike the host A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Parties are not important for us. B．Good manners help us get along with others. C．We should never refuse others’ invitations. D．We can speak casually to teachers. （二） China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guests can eat. At the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, how happy we are! 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Welcoming. B．Hard-working. C．Creative. D．Nervous. 2．What will the host probably do for you when you visit a Chinese family? ①Make tea.  ②Prepare a meal.  ③Serve some snacks.  ④Have a party. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks up food for him? A．Because it makes him happy. B．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. C．Because he doesn’t like the food. D．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. 4．Why do Chinese families do so much for their guests? A．To show their wealth (财富). B．To make the guests feel at home. C．To make the guests feel uncomfortable. D．To show they know much about the guests. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Chinese Food Culture B．How to Serve Foreign Guests C．Warm Welcome in China D．Confucius and His Students （三） China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warm welcome. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve (提供) you snacks and fruits. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big meal. They always give more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the most surprising things for western guests is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors. This won’t happen at western tables. Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: How happy we are, to meet friends from far away! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What will the host serve you when you visit a Chinese family according to paragraph 2? A．Tea, fruits and cakes. B．Tea, snacks and fruits. C．Juice, fruits and snacks. D．Juice, fruits and cakes. 2．Who must be the first to eat on the table according to paragraph 3? A．The host. B．The guests. C．The children. D．The old people. 3．What may be one of the most surprising things for western guests in the writer’s eyes? A．The host likes to pick up food for them. B．They need to finish all the food on their plates. C．The host prepares much more food for them. D．They need to take off shoes before going into the house. 4．What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the text? A．己所不欲，勿施于人。 B．学而时习之，不亦说乎？ C．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ D．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ 5．What is the text mainly about? A．Where Chinese people usually go. B．What food Chinese people like to eat. C．How Chinese people welcome the guests. D．Why Chinese people invite the guests to their house. （四） Good manners are very important in our daily life. They help us get along well with others and make our society more harmonious. Here are some basic school manners that every student should follow. First, be on time for class. If you are late, you will disturb the teacher and other students. You should enter the classroom quietly and say “sorry” to the teacher. Second, listen carefully in class. Don’t talk with your classmates or play on your phone when the teacher is speaking. If you have any questions, put up your hand and wait for the teacher to call your name. Third, keep the classroom clean and tidy. Don’t litter everywhere. You should throw the rubbish into the dustbin. Also, don’t draw on the desks or walls. Fourth, be polite to your teachers and classmates. When you meet your teachers, say “hello” to them. When you need help from your classmates, say “please” and “thank you”. Don’t fight with others or laugh at people who are in trouble. Fifth, wait in line when you are buying food in the dining hall. Don’t push in before others. It’s very rude. Following these manners will make you a popular student at school. 1．What should you do if you are late for class? A．Enter the classroom loudly. B．Say “sorry” to the teacher. C．Don’t go into the classroom. D．Ask your classmates to help you. 2．What shouldn’t you do when the teacher is speaking? A．Listen carefully. B．Put up your hand. C．Talk with your classmates. D．Take notes. 3．How many school manners are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．You can draw on the desks if you want. B．You should push in before others in the dining hall. C．You can laugh at people who are in trouble. D．You should say “thank you” when others help you. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to be a popular student. B．Basic school manners every student should follow. C．The importance of good manners. D．How to get along well with others. 话题3 文学名著 （一） Lao She (1899-1966) was one of the most famous writers in modern Chinese literature. He was born in Beijing and grew up in a poor family. His real name was Shu Qingchun. He used the pen name “Lao She” to write his works. Lao She is best known for his novel Rickshaw Boy (《骆驼祥子》) and his play Teahouse. Rickshaw Boy tells the story of a young rickshaw puller named Xiangzi in old Beijing. The novel shows the hard life of poor people at that time. Teahouse is set in a single teahouse and shows the changes in Chinese society from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. Lao She’s works are famous for their vivid (生动的）descriptions of Beijing life and their use of the Beijing dialect (方言）. Many of his works have been translated into different languages and are loved by readers both at home and abroad. 1．What was Lao She’s real name? A．Shu Qingchun. B．Xiangzi. C．Rickshaw Boy. D．Wang Lifa. 2．Which novel tells the story of a young rickshaw puller? A．Teahouse. B．Rickshaw Boy. C．Four Generations Under One Roof. D．The Camel. 3．What is special about Lao She’s writing style? A．He wrote in English. B．He used the Beijing dialect. C．He only wrote about rich people. D．He wrote mostly poems. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Lao She was born into a rich family. B．Teahouse takes place in different cities. C．Lao She’s works are only popular in China. D．Teahouse shows changes in Chinese society. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to write a play. B．To describe the history of Beijing. C．To tell a story about a rickshaw puller. D．To introduce Lao She’s life and works. （二） Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired (给予灵感) today’s works. Let’s learn more about it! Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals. Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence (影响) on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular. Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio《聊斋志异》. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of the animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1,600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021. 1．Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1? A．To answer some questions. B．To give some examples. C．To interest the readers. D．To make a conclusion. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．The encyclopedia. B．The mythology. C．Shan Hai Jing. D．The monsters. 3．Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing? 4. states 2. mountains 3. rivers 4. plants 5. art A．1234 B．123 C．234 D．345 5．What happened when Shan Hai Jing arrived in Japan? A．People liked the book except for the monsters. B．People were afraid of the monsters in the book. C．It was too difficult for people to understand. D．People liked both the book and the monsters. 6．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Shan Hai Jing has inspired works across the world. B．Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters. C．Shan Hai Jing sells very well across the world. D．All people like the monsters from Shan Hai Jing. （三） Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is written by Mark Twain and is seen as one of the great works of American fiction. The 13-year-old Huck tells us about how he gets out of the control of his father who always drinks a lot, his friendship with Jim and their adventures (冒险) on the Mississippi as they journey south. The Nobel Prize-winning writer Hemingway even said that “all modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huck Finn... There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since.”      Maikafer, flieg! is a novel written in German. The storyteller in this book is a 9-year old girl Christine who lives in Vienna (维也纳) at the end of World War Ⅱ. The world in a kid’s eyes is sometimes kind of different from that in adults’ eyes. You may know more details about people’s daily life at that time by going on a journey with Christine and listening to the voice deep in her heart. “Sometimes it makes you laugh, but sometimes it makes you become silent,” said one reader. Alice in Wonderland is an English novel by Lewis Carroll, a math teacher at Oxford University. It details the story of a young girl who falls through a rabbit hole into a fantasy world. The characters, structure, the crazy imagination, and the way the writer tells the story all make big differences to popular culture and literature. Unlike other literature works for children at that time, the book doesn’t want to teach or educate kids. It shows that kids can read literature just for fun. Oliver Twist is the second novel of the English writer Charles Dickens and one of his most popular works. The story is mainly about a boy with no parents who runs away from the workhouse (济贫院) to London and his life in the capital city. Although the main character in this book is a boy, it’s not a children’s book. The book calls people’s attention to different problems in London at that time, including the poor conditions in the workhouses, asking children to work and recruiting (招募) children as criminals. 1．The four books are written in ________ languages. A．two B．three C．four D．five 2．What can you NOT know about Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from this passage? A．What the story is mainly about. B．When the story in this book happens. C．Why the book is important in America. D．How old Huckleberry Finn is. 3．If you want to read a book full of imagination, you can choose ________. A．Maikafer, flieg! B．Alice in Wonderland C．Oliver Twist D．Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 4．Maikafer, flieg! shows us ________. A．people have a hard time during World War Ⅱ B．Christine travels around Europe at the end of World War II C．How brave Christine is during World War Ⅱ D．Christine’s opinion on her experiences during World War II 5．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The main characters in the four books are children and they are fit for kids to read. B．Children can read Alice in Wonderland for fun. C．A good book might make people happy and also make them think. D．All the four books have deep meaning. （四） Do you sometimes feel sad or stressed? How do you usually deal with these feelings? Counselling for Toads: A Psychological Adventure《蛤蟆先生去看心理医生》tells the story of Mr Toad who becomes very sad and visits a kind psychologist (心理医生) named Heron. Together, they find out why Mr Toad feels so unhappy and how he can feel better. Recently, Mr Toad starts to feel lonely and unimportant. Although he tries to put on a “smiling” face to continue with his life, he finds himself increasingly stressed and melancholy. His friends notice he has changed and suggest he should talk to Heron. During their meetings, Heron helps Mr Toad look back at his childhood. He remembers his strict father and quiet mother. They made him feel he was never good enough. Heron teaches Mr Toad it is common for people to have different feelings, but what matters is to choose how to face and solve them. For example, Mr Toad learns to say “no” when his friends ask too much of him. Heron tells him, “You can’t change others, but you can choose how to behave in your own way.” He also says, “To understand yourself better, you must connect with your feelings. No one can help you but yourself.” This book is great for teenagers because it talks about real problems. It shows that asking for help is brave. Through Mr Toad’s journey, readers learn to understand their feelings and grow stronger. 1．Why did Mr Toad’s friends ask him to see Heron? A．Because he looked unhealthy and weak. B．Because they found he had become different. C．Because he often fought with others. D．Because he refused to talk to anyone. 2．What does the underlined word “melancholy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Peaceful. B．Joyful. C．Upset. D．Tired. 3．What can we infer about Mr Toad’s childhood? A．His parents were very kind to him. B．He often felt not good enough. C．He lived a very happy life. D．His parents encouraged him a lot. 4．Put the events about Mr Toad into the correct order according to the passage. a. His friends advise him to see Heron. b. He tries to pretend everything is fine. c. He starts to feel lonely and unimportant. d. Heron helps him understand his own feelings. A．c-b-d-a B．b-c-d-a C．b-c-a-d D．c-b-a-d 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．The writer’s own experience of seeing a psychologist. B．An introduction to the book Counselling for Toads. C．Ways to make more true friends. D．How to get along with parents. 话题4志愿服务 （一） On February 6, 2023, a strong earthquake hit southern Turkey and northern Syria. It was a very terrible earthquake. Over 50,000 people died and many more were hurt. The earthquake happened at 4:17 a.m. Most people were sleeping then. Buildings fell down quickly, and some people were trapped under the broken houses. The weather was cold—at night, it was below zero. Many survivors had no place to live. Rescue teams from over 70 countries came to help. They used dogs and machines to find people alive. Many volunteers also joined in. They brought food, water and warm clothes to those in need. But the rescue work was not easy. There were aftershocks, roads were broken, and there was not enough food or water. One big problem was reaching small villages far away. Some villages had no connection to the outside world. Rescuers had to walk or take helicopters to get there. Even so, many miracles happened—people were saved after being trapped for days. After the earthquake, countries around the world gave over $10 billion to help. Governments and groups are now building new homes, schools and hospitals. Experts say that better buildings and early warnings can help reduce deaths in future earthquakes. 1．When did the earthquake in Turkey happen? A．On February 6, 2024. B．On February 6, 2023. C．At 4:17 p.m. D．In southern China. 2．Why was the rescue work difficult? A．Because the weather was hot. B．Because there were no volunteers. C．Because of aftershocks and broken roads. D．Because people didn’t want help. 3．How many countries sent rescue teams to Turkey? A．Over 50. B．Over 60. C．Over 70. D．Over 80. 4．Who came to help after the earthquake? A．Rain and wind. B．Rescue teams and volunteers. C．Planes and trains. D．Farmers and workers. 5． What do experts suggest to reduce future earthquake deaths? A．Build better buildings and provide early warning systems. B．Send more rescue teams. C．Give more money to the affected areas. D．Move people to safer countries. （二） Running a charity shop is a popular and meaningful way to help people in need in many cities. These shops collect all kinds of donated second-hand goods from warm-hearted people, such as clothes, books, toys and everyday supplies. They sell these things at very low prices, and all the money they make is given to support sick children, homeless people and lonely elderly citizens. Most workers in charity shops are volunteers. They come from all walks of life, including students, office workers and retired people. They are ready to spend their spare time sorting goods, cleaning shelves and serving customers patiently. They never get paid for their work, but they feel happy and proud to do something useful for society. Many people like shopping in charity shops now. They think the goods are cheap and in good condition. Reusing second-hand things is also environmentally friendly and helps cut down waste. Besides, shoppers feel they are doing a small good deed while shopping. Charity shops also hold small voluntary activities on weekends. They try their best to care for poor kids and the elderly in the neighbourhood. More and more people are influenced to join them and pass on warmth to others. 1．What do charity shops mainly sell? A．Expensive new clothes B．Second‑hand daily things C．Delicious food and drinks D．Modern electronic products 2．What do we know about the workers in charity shops? A．They all work full-time for money B．They are all professional shopkeepers C．They work as volunteers for free D．They are only retired old people 3．Which is NOT the advantage of shopping in charity shops? A．Things are very cheap B．It is good for the environment C．It helps people in need D．It can make shoppers rich 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People can buy expensive gifts in charity shops B．Volunteers get much money from their work C．Shopping in charity shops is a kind of small kindness D．Charity shops only hold activities on weekdays 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to run a big supermarket B．The importance and value of charity shops C．How to become a volunteer D．Ways to protect the environment （三） Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference in the world and help those in need. It’s also a great way to learn new skills, make new friends and gain valuable experience. There are many different kinds of volunteer work for teenagers to choose from. You can volunteer in a local library to help organize books and help people find the books they need. You can also volunteer in a hospital to help nurses take care of sick people, like bringing them water or talking with them to cheer them up. If you love animals, you can volunteer in an animal shelter to feed the animals and clean their houses. You can also volunteer to clean up the community or plant trees to make the environment better. Volunteering doesn’t take much time. You can volunteer for a few hours a week or a few days a month. It’s not about how much time you spend, but about your heart. Even a small act of kindness can make a big difference. Volunteering is a valuable experience for teenagers. It can help you grow up and become a more responsible person. It can also help you understand the world better and appreciate what you have. So why not start volunteering today? It’s never too early to make a difference. 1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A．The ways to volunteer B．The importance of volunteering C．The different kinds of volunteer work D．The time to volunteer 2．Which of the following is NOT a kind of volunteer work for teenagers? A．Volunteering in a library B．Volunteering in a hospital C．Volunteering in a supermarket D．Volunteering in an animal shelter 3．What can we do to cheer up sick people in the hospital? A．Organize books B．Feed animals C．Talk with them D．Clean the community 4．What does the writer think of volunteering? A．It takes a lot of time B．It’s only for adults C．It’s a valuable experience D．It’s very difficult 5．What’s the writer’s advice? A．To start volunteering as early as possible B．To spend a lot of time volunteering C．To do only one kind of volunteer work D．To volunteer only on weekends （四） Volunteering is a great way to help others and make the world a better place. There are many kinds of volunteer work. You can volunteer in a hospital to help sick people. You can also volunteer in a school to help students with their studies. Or you can volunteer in a park to clean up the rubbish. When you volunteer, you can make new friends and learn new skills. You can also get a strong feeling of satisfaction.   Volunteering doesn’t take much time. You can volunteer for a few hours a week or a few days a month. It’s a good experience for teenagers. It can help you grow up and become a better person. So why not start volunteering today? 1．What's a great way to help others? A．Working hard. B．Studying well. C．Volunteering. D．Making money. 2．Where can we volunteer to help sick people? A．In a hospital. B．In a school. C．In a park. D．In a library. 3．What can we get from volunteering? A．Money. B．New friends. C．Gifts. D．A job. 4．How long can we volunteer? A．A few hours a day. B．A few hours a week. C．A few days a week. D．A few months a year. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to find a volunteer job. B．The importance of volunteering. C．Different kinds of jobs. D．How to make friends. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文 话题1自然灾害与防范 （一） ①Every thirty seconds there is an earthquake in the world. Some of these earthquakes are so weak that people can’t feel them. But some of them are very serious and many people get hurt or die in them. ②Do you know what causes earthquakes? ③The earth’s surface has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake. Scientists are trying to predict big earthquakes, but it’s very hard. ④Do you know how to protect yourself during an earthquake? Here are some ways. You should remember them. ⑤If you are inside ◆Quickly move under a desk or along a wall. It will protect you from falling things. Don’t run out of the door. ◆Keep away from windows. ◆Turn off the power and fire. ◆Don’t get into a lift. If you are in a lift, get out as quickly as possible. ⑥If you are outside ◆Don’t stay near tall buildings and trees. Things may fall on you. ◆Be careful of fallen power lines. ◆Lie on the ground in clear areas until the shaking stops. 1．How often does an earthquake happen in the world? A．Once every thirty seconds. B．Once every thirty minutes. C．Once every three hours. D．Once every thirteen seconds. 2．Why does an earthquake happen? A．Because the earth’s surface is too thin. B．Because there are too many pieces on the earth’s surface. C．Because two pieces of the earth’s surface move past each other. D．Because the pieces of the earth’s surface are moving too fast. 3．Which is the best way when an earthquake happens? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 5．We can know _________ from the passage. A．how we can predict an earthquake will happen B．what we can do before an earthquake C．how we can save people after an earthquake D．what we can do during an earthquake 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文介绍了地震的发生频率、成因以及地震中的自我保护方法。 【详解】1．第一段指出：“Every thirty seconds there is an earthquake”，说明每30秒发生一次地震。 1．第三段指出：“When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake.”，说明地震是由于两块地壳板块相互移动造成的。 2．第五段指出室内自救方法：“Quickly move under a desk... It will protect you from falling things.”，图片C展示躲在桌下，符合这一建议。 3．文章结构为：第①段引入地震话题；第②③段，②提出问题“地震的成因是什么”，③回答成因；第④⑤⑥段，第④提出问题“地震中如何保护自己”，引出下文，第⑤⑥段分别介绍室内自救方法和室外自救方法。符合C项的结构。 4．全文主要介绍地震发生时如何保护自己。 （二） An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°. It can move at a speed of 96 km/h to 129 km/h. Different things can make avalanches happen suddenly. About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities. Earthquakes and even animals’ movements can also make them happen. Avalanches happen all year round. Most of them are small, but in high mountains, such as the Himalayas, they can be very large and dangerous. When it happens, the fast-moving snow, ice and rocks can sweep away everything on the way. They cover people alive and the snow is so heavy that they can’t breathe. Some avalanches cover all the houses and villages along the way. Once an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people under it die of the cold. What can we do to stay safe if we want to climb snow mountains? Never start climbing when the snow begins melting (融化), especially in spring. Avalanches may happen this season at any minute. Wait for at least 2 days to start climbing after a snowstorm. Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important. And always make sure you have the right tools and know how to use them before climbing snow mountains. Also, you’d better tell someone your plan before climbing, so they can help if needed. 1．Which picture shows an avalanche? A． B． C． D． 2．What is the main cause of most avalanches? A．Falling temperatures. B．Rising winds. C．Big earthquakes. D．People’s actions. 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The cause of avalanches. B．The types of avalanches. C．The effect of avalanches. D．The speed of avalanches. 4．Which is the right way to keep safe? A．Keep quiet when climbing snow mountains. B．Start climbing after the snowstorm right away. C．Climb snow mountains in spring with useful tools. D．Buy expensive tools before climbing the mountains. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To describe mountain life. B．To explain the form of snow. C．To encourage mountain climbing. D．To warn about avalanche dangers. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪崩的成因、特点、危害以及人们在雪山活动时应注意的安全事项。 【详解】1．第一段雪崩的定义：“An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°”，说明雪崩是大量积雪、冰块和岩石沿着山体快速向下滑动，尤其常发生在30至45度的斜坡上。B项的图片显示雪和岩石从山上快速滑下的场景，符合雪崩的描述。 2．第二段指出：“About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities.”，说明大多数雪崩的主要原因是人的行为。 3．第三段描述了雪崩发生时，快速移动的雪、冰和岩石会席卷沿途一切，掩埋人使其无法呼吸，甚至覆盖房屋和村庄，雪停后变硬导致被困者冻死。这些都是在说明雪崩带来的影响与危害。 4．最后一段指出：“Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important.”，说明攀登雪山时保持安静是正确做法。 5．根据全文内容，文章介绍了雪崩的相关知识、危害以及避险方法，意在提醒人们警惕雪崩危险。 （三） Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it? If you do, you may experience snowstorms. A snowstorm is a heavy snow with strong winds. Now let’s take a closer look at it. Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite (冻伤). Well, it is really necessary to learn something about how to protect yourself in such terrible weather. You should always pay attention to the weather report. Then you can get well prepared for snowstorms. You can change the travel plan in time before the snowstorms come. Prepare what you need to keep warm, and save enough food and water for your family. If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged (毁) by heavy snow. If you are indoors, try not to go out. Don’t go to clean the snow, or you will lose temperature. Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒). If you have to go out, you need to wear thick clothes to keep warm. And you’d better wear proper shoes to stop yourself from falling down. Besides, be careful of power lines, because they can be dangerous for people on foot. These are some basic knowledge about snowstorms, and you need to keep this knowledge in your mind. Protect yourself during snowstorms. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining differences. D．By asking questions. 2．Which question can help us find out the writer’s purpose of the second paragraph? A．How can people live in the snowstorms? B．What should people do with snowstorms? C．What are the effects of snowstorms? D．How do snowstorms form? 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The house. B．The travel. C．The food. D．The plan. 4．Why should we use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors? A．To give us sunlight. B．To keep us safe. C．To show us ways. D．To teach us lessons. 5．Where can we read this text? A．In a book about illnesses. B．In a newspaper about culture. C．On a website about hard life. D．In a magazine about weather. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了暴风雪的影响以及在暴风雪中保护自己的相关知识。 【详解】1．第一段开头以两个问句“Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it?”引出话题，说明作者是通过提问的方式开篇的。 2．第二段介绍了暴风雪的影响：“Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite.”，这些都是暴风雪带来的影响，因此“暴风雪的影响是什么？”这个问题能帮助我们理解第二段的写作目的。 3．第三段中划线词“it”所在句为“If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged by heavy snow.”，结合上下文可知，这里的“it”指代前文提到的“the house”。 4．第四段提到“Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.”，说明正确使用取暖工具是为了避免一氧化碳中毒，保障我们的安全。 5．全文围绕暴风雪这一天气现象展开，介绍了其影响及应对措施，这类内容通常会出现在与天气相关的杂志中。   （四） A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it gets close to the coast and enters shallow water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong earthquake near the coast. The ocean may pull back far from the shore (海岸) very quickly, just like a very low tide (低潮), or a loud sound coming from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3．What does the underlined word “shallow” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deep. B．Not deep. C．Warm. D．Cold. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulls back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground immediately. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海啸的成因、传播特点、预警信号及应对方法。 【详解】1．根据第一段中“It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes.”可知，海啸主要由海底地震引发。 2．根据第二段中“However, as it gets close to the coast and enters shallow water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building.”提到海啸波靠近海岸时速度减慢，但高度会大幅增加。 3．根据第二段中“Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean... as it gets close to the coast and enters shallow water, the wave slows down but grows much taller”可知，前文提到海啸在“深海”中形态平缓，后文提到靠近海岸时进入“shallow water”后高度激增，结合常识，海岸附近的水通常不深，因此 “shallow”意为“不深的、浅的”。选项B“Not deep.”符合语境。 4．根据第三段中“Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong earthquake near the coast. The ocean may pull back far from the shore very quickly, just like a very low tide, or a loud sound coming from the ocean.”可知，文中提到的预警信号包括“海岸附近的强地震”、“海水快速退去”、“海洋传来巨大声响”。 5．根据第三段中“If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately.”明确提到，看到海啸预警信号时应立即前往高地。选项C“Move to higher ground immediately.”与原文表述一致。 话题2礼仪与习俗 （一） If someone invites you to a party, what will you do? Accept it happily or refuse it politely? In our daily life, we often receive different invitations. Knowing how to accept or refuse invitations properly is an important social skill. When you get an invitation, first you should show your thanks, no matter you will go or not. If you decide to accept the invitation, you need to reply clearly. You can say “Thank you for inviting me! I’d love to come.” And you’d better ask about the exact time and place of the party to avoid being late. Before going to the party, it’s polite to prepare a small gift, such as flowers or snacks. When you arrive, greet the host warmly. During the party, don’t leave too early. Enjoy the time with other guests. Sometimes you may be too busy or have other plans, so you have to turn down an invitation. Remember to refuse politely and explain the reason briefly. Never refuse others’ invitations rudely. There are different ways to refuse. If you have to study for an exam, you can say “I’m sorry I can’t go. I have to prepare for my English test tonight.” If you are ill, you can tell the truth directly. You can also show your regret and hope to join next time. For example, “What a pity! I have to look after my little sister. I hope I can come next time.” Besides, you should pay attention to different situations. For family members and close friends, you can speak more freely. For teachers or strangers, your words should be more polite and formal. In a word, good manners will help you get on well with people around you. Practice these skills, and you will become a popular person in social situations. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to hold a wonderful party. B．How to accept or refuse invitations properly. C．Different kinds of parties in daily life. D．How to make friends at parties. 2．What should you do first when you get an invitation? A．Buy a gift at once. B．Show your thanks. C．Ask for the address. D．Refuse it directly. 3．Which is a polite way to refuse an invitation? A．I don’t want to go. B．No, I’m busy. C．Sorry, I have to look after my sister. D．It’s boring, so I won’t go. 4．Why do people refuse invitations according to the passage? ① Have to study      ② Be ill       ③ Need to look after family members      ④ Dislike the host A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Parties are not important for us. B．Good manners help us get along with others. C．We should never refuse others’ invitations. D．We can speak casually to teachers. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在日常生活中如何礼貌地接受或拒绝邀请，以及不同场合下应注意的社交礼仪。 【详解】1．文章第一段提到“Knowing how to accept or refuse invitations properly is an important social skill.”，全文围绕如何恰当接受或拒绝邀请展开，因此主旨是介绍这一社交技能。 2．第二段提到“When you get an invitation, first you should show your thanks, no matter you will go or not.”，说明收到邀请时，首先应该表达感谢。 3．第三段提到拒绝邀请时要礼貌并简要说明理由，“Sorry, I have to look after my sister.”既表达了歉意，也说明了理由，是礼貌的拒绝方式。 4．第三段提到拒绝邀请的原因包括“have to study for an exam”对应①，“If you are ill”对应②，“I have to look after my little sister”对应③，而④“Dislike the host”文中未提及。 5．最后一段提到“In a word, good manners will help you get on well with people around you.”，说明我们能学到的是礼貌有助于和他人友好相处。 （二） China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guests can eat. At the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, how happy we are! 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Welcoming. B．Hard-working. C．Creative. D．Nervous. 2．What will the host probably do for you when you visit a Chinese family? ①Make tea.  ②Prepare a meal.  ③Serve some snacks.  ④Have a party. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks up food for him? A．Because it makes him happy. B．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. C．Because he doesn’t like the food. D．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. 4．Why do Chinese families do so much for their guests? A．To show their wealth (财富). B．To make the guests feel at home. C．To make the guests feel uncomfortable. D．To show they know much about the guests. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Chinese Food Culture B．How to Serve Foreign Guests C．Warm Welcome in China D．Confucius and His Students 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国人热情好客的文化传统，介绍了外国人到中国家庭做客时会受到的款待，包括泡茶、提供零食、准备丰盛饭菜以及主人为客人夹菜等细节，体现了中国人让客人有宾至如归之感的礼仪文化。 【详解】1．第一段指出：“Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world”，并紧接着说外国人会“be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests”，说明hospitable意为“热情好客的”，与Welcoming（欢迎的）意思一致。 2．第二段提到主人“makes tea for you”和“serve you snacks like biscuits or candy”，第三段提到“other family members will prepare a meal for you”，因此①②③均有依据，④举办派对文中未提及。 3．第三段明确写道：“some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables”，说明西方客人惊讶的原因是这种行为在西方不会发生。 4．第三段中提到：“The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home”，直接说明中国家庭如此做的目的是让客人有宾至如归的感觉。 5．全文围绕中国人热情待客展开，从泡茶、备餐到夹菜，核心主题是中国的热情欢迎，“Warm Welcome in China”最能概括全文主旨。 （三） China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warm welcome. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve (提供) you snacks and fruits. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big meal. They always give more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the most surprising things for western guests is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors. This won’t happen at western tables. Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: How happy we are, to meet friends from far away! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What will the host serve you when you visit a Chinese family according to paragraph 2? A．Tea, fruits and cakes. B．Tea, snacks and fruits. C．Juice, fruits and snacks. D．Juice, fruits and cakes. 2．Who must be the first to eat on the table according to paragraph 3? A．The host. B．The guests. C．The children. D．The old people. 3．What may be one of the most surprising things for western guests in the writer’s eyes? A．The host likes to pick up food for them. B．They need to finish all the food on their plates. C．The host prepares much more food for them. D．They need to take off shoes before going into the house. 4．What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the text? A．己所不欲，勿施于人。 B．学而时习之，不亦说乎？ C．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ D．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ 5．What is the text mainly about? A．Where Chinese people usually go. B．What food Chinese people like to eat. C．How Chinese people welcome the guests. D．Why Chinese people invite the guests to their house. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国传统的待客礼仪，包括给客人沏茶、准备零食和水果、制作丰盛的饭菜以及为客人夹菜等热情好客的习俗。 【详解】1．第二段指出拜访中国家庭时主人会提供的招待：“When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks and fruits.”，这明确说明了主人会为客人准备茶、零食和水果。 2．第三段指出餐桌上的规矩：“On the table, the guests must be the first to eat.”，这直接说明在餐桌上客人必须是第一个开始吃的人。 3．第三段指出令西方客人感到最吃惊的事情：“Perhaps one of the most surprising things for western guests is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors.”，这直接说明在中国主人喜欢给客人夹菜的行为会让西方客人感到惊讶。 4．第四段末尾引用了孔子的话：“How happy we are, to meet friends from far away!”，其字面意思是“见到从远方来的朋友我们是多么高兴啊”，这对应了中国儒家经典名言“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”。 5．通读全文可知，文章第一段点明“Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world.”，随后第二、三段通过沏茶、准备饭菜、夹菜等一系列细节，具体说明了中国人热情好客的待客之道。因此整篇文章主要讲述了中国人是如何欢迎客人的。 （四） Good manners are very important in our daily life. They help us get along well with others and make our society more harmonious. Here are some basic school manners that every student should follow. First, be on time for class. If you are late, you will disturb the teacher and other students. You should enter the classroom quietly and say “sorry” to the teacher. Second, listen carefully in class. Don’t talk with your classmates or play on your phone when the teacher is speaking. If you have any questions, put up your hand and wait for the teacher to call your name. Third, keep the classroom clean and tidy. Don’t litter everywhere. You should throw the rubbish into the dustbin. Also, don’t draw on the desks or walls. Fourth, be polite to your teachers and classmates. When you meet your teachers, say “hello” to them. When you need help from your classmates, say “please” and “thank you”. Don’t fight with others or laugh at people who are in trouble. Fifth, wait in line when you are buying food in the dining hall. Don’t push in before others. It’s very rude. Following these manners will make you a popular student at school. 1．What should you do if you are late for class? A．Enter the classroom loudly. B．Say “sorry” to the teacher. C．Don’t go into the classroom. D．Ask your classmates to help you. 2．What shouldn’t you do when the teacher is speaking? A．Listen carefully. B．Put up your hand. C．Talk with your classmates. D．Take notes. 3．How many school manners are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．You can draw on the desks if you want. B．You should push in before others in the dining hall. C．You can laugh at people who are in trouble. D．You should say “thank you” when others help you. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to be a popular student. B．Basic school manners every student should follow. C．The importance of good manners. D．How to get along well with others. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学生应遵守的五条基本校园礼仪，包括按时上课、课堂认真听讲、保持教室整洁、礼貌待人以及食堂排队等行为规范。 【详解】1．第二段明确指出：“If you are late, you will disturb the teacher and other students. You should enter the classroom quietly and say ‘sorry’ to the teacher.”，这直接说明迟到时应向老师道歉。 2．第三段中提到：“Don’t talk with your classmates or play on your phone when the teacher is speaking.”，这表明老师讲课时不应该和同学说话。 3．文中从“First”到“Fifth”共列举了五条校园礼仪（be on time for class、listen carefully in class、keep the classroom clean and tidy、be polite to your teachers and classmates、wait in line when you are buying food in the dining hall）。 4．第五段中提到：“When you need help from your classmates, say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’.”，这表明别人帮助你时应该说“谢谢”，D选项正确；A选项与“don’t draw on the desks or walls”矛盾；B选项与“Don’t push in before others”矛盾；C选项与“Don’t fight with others or laugh at people who are in trouble”矛盾。 5．文章首段指出：“Here are some basic school manners that every student should follow.”，全文围绕这一主题展开，因此主要思想是“Basic school manners every student should follow”。 话题3 文学名著 （一） Lao She (1899-1966) was one of the most famous writers in modern Chinese literature. He was born in Beijing and grew up in a poor family. His real name was Shu Qingchun. He used the pen name “Lao She” to write his works. Lao She is best known for his novel Rickshaw Boy (《骆驼祥子》) and his play Teahouse. Rickshaw Boy tells the story of a young rickshaw puller named Xiangzi in old Beijing. The novel shows the hard life of poor people at that time. Teahouse is set in a single teahouse and shows the changes in Chinese society from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. Lao She’s works are famous for their vivid (生动的）descriptions of Beijing life and their use of the Beijing dialect (方言）. Many of his works have been translated into different languages and are loved by readers both at home and abroad. 1．What was Lao She’s real name? A．Shu Qingchun. B．Xiangzi. C．Rickshaw Boy. D．Wang Lifa. 2．Which novel tells the story of a young rickshaw puller? A．Teahouse. B．Rickshaw Boy. C．Four Generations Under One Roof. D．The Camel. 3．What is special about Lao She’s writing style? A．He wrote in English. B．He used the Beijing dialect. C．He only wrote about rich people. D．He wrote mostly poems. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Lao She was born into a rich family. B．Teahouse takes place in different cities. C．Lao She’s works are only popular in China. D．Teahouse shows changes in Chinese society. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to write a play. B．To describe the history of Beijing. C．To tell a story about a rickshaw puller. D．To introduce Lao She’s life and works. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名作家老舍（1899-1966）的生平与代表作品，包括小说《骆驼祥子》和话剧《茶馆》，并说明了其作品以生动的北京生活描写和北京方言著称。 【详解】1．第一段指出：“His real name was Shu Qingchun.”，直接说明老舍的真实姓名是舒庆春。 2．第二段指出：“Rickshaw Boy tells the story of a young rickshaw puller named Xiangzi in old Beijing.”，说明《骆驼祥子》讲述的是一位年轻人力车夫的故事。 3．第三段指出：“Lao She’s works are famous for their vivid descriptions of Beijing life and their use of the Beijing dialect.”，说明老舍写作的特色是使用北京方言。 4．第二段指出：“Teahouse is set in a single teahouse and shows the changes in Chinese society from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s.”，说明《茶馆》展现了中国社会的变迁。A项与第一段“grew up in a poor family”矛盾，B项与“set in a single teahouse”矛盾，C项与“loved by readers both at home and abroad”矛盾。 5．全文从老舍的出生、家庭背景、笔名、代表作品及写作风格进行了全面介绍，因此本文的主要目的是介绍老舍的生平与作品。 （二） Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired (给予灵感) today’s works. Let’s learn more about it! Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals. Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence (影响) on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular. Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio《聊斋志异》. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of the animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1,600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021. 1．Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1? A．To answer some questions. B．To give some examples. C．To interest the readers. D．To make a conclusion. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．The encyclopedia. B．The mythology. C．Shan Hai Jing. D．The monsters. 3．Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing? 4. states 2. mountains 3. rivers 4. plants 5. art A．1234 B．123 C．234 D．345 5．What happened when Shan Hai Jing arrived in Japan? A．People liked the book except for the monsters. B．People were afraid of the monsters in the book. C．It was too difficult for people to understand. D．People liked both the book and the monsters. 6．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Shan Hai Jing has inspired works across the world. B．Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters. C．Shan Hai Jing sells very well across the world. D．All people like the monsters from Shan Hai Jing. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《山海经》这部古老书籍，讲述了其成书时间、内容，对世界神话文化的影响，对众多作品的启发以及在日本的情况等。 【详解】1．第一段提到“Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas).”作者列举了《山海经》中各种奇特的动物，目的是引起读者的兴趣。 2．第二段“Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time”中，前文提到了《山海经》，后面说像百科全书一样记录当时人们眼中的世界，所以“it”指代的是“Shan Hai Jing”。 3．第二段提到“The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals.”可知在《山海经》中能找到州、山、河，没有提到植物和艺术。所以能找到1、2、3。 4．第三段提到“In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular.”说明《山海经》到了日本后，书和书中的怪兽都很受欢迎。 5．文章最后一段提到“Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works.”以及前文对《山海经》对世界文化、作品等方面影响的阐述，可知文章主要讲的是《山海经》启发了世界各地的作品。 （三） Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is written by Mark Twain and is seen as one of the great works of American fiction. The 13-year-old Huck tells us about how he gets out of the control of his father who always drinks a lot, his friendship with Jim and their adventures (冒险) on the Mississippi as they journey south. The Nobel Prize-winning writer Hemingway even said that “all modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huck Finn... There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since.”      Maikafer, flieg! is a novel written in German. The storyteller in this book is a 9-year old girl Christine who lives in Vienna (维也纳) at the end of World War Ⅱ. The world in a kid’s eyes is sometimes kind of different from that in adults’ eyes. You may know more details about people’s daily life at that time by going on a journey with Christine and listening to the voice deep in her heart. “Sometimes it makes you laugh, but sometimes it makes you become silent,” said one reader. Alice in Wonderland is an English novel by Lewis Carroll, a math teacher at Oxford University. It details the story of a young girl who falls through a rabbit hole into a fantasy world. The characters, structure, the crazy imagination, and the way the writer tells the story all make big differences to popular culture and literature. Unlike other literature works for children at that time, the book doesn’t want to teach or educate kids. It shows that kids can read literature just for fun. Oliver Twist is the second novel of the English writer Charles Dickens and one of his most popular works. The story is mainly about a boy with no parents who runs away from the workhouse (济贫院) to London and his life in the capital city. Although the main character in this book is a boy, it’s not a children’s book. The book calls people’s attention to different problems in London at that time, including the poor conditions in the workhouses, asking children to work and recruiting (招募) children as criminals. 1．The four books are written in ________ languages. A．two B．three C．four D．five 2．What can you NOT know about Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from this passage? A．What the story is mainly about. B．When the story in this book happens. C．Why the book is important in America. D．How old Huckleberry Finn is. 3．If you want to read a book full of imagination, you can choose ________. A．Maikafer, flieg! B．Alice in Wonderland C．Oliver Twist D．Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 4．Maikafer, flieg! shows us ________. A．people have a hard time during World War Ⅱ B．Christine travels around Europe at the end of World War II C．How brave Christine is during World War Ⅱ D．Christine’s opinion on her experiences during World War II 5．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The main characters in the four books are children and they are fit for kids to read. B．Children can read Alice in Wonderland for fun. C．A good book might make people happy and also make them think. D．All the four books have deep meaning. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇介绍四部文学作品的说明文，分别介绍了《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》《Maikafer, flieg!》《爱丽丝梦游仙境》《雾都孤儿》的作者、主要内容、写作语言及文学价值等。 【详解】1．第一段和第三段指出《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》和《爱丽丝梦游仙境》为英文作品，第二段指出《Maikafer, flieg!》为德文作品，第四段指出《雾都孤儿》为英文作品，因此四本书共使用两种语言。 2．第一段提到故事主要内容（how he gets out of the control...）、Huck的年龄（The 13-year-old Huck）以及该书对美国文学的重要性（Hemingway的评价），但没有提及故事发生的时间。 3．第三段提到《爱丽丝梦游仙境》包含“crazy imagination”，因此充满想象力的书应选择此书。 4．第二段指出《Maikafer, flieg!》通过9岁女孩Christine的视角展现世界，并提到“listening to the voice deep in her heart”，说明该书展现了Christine对二战期间亲身经历的看法。 5．第四段指出《雾都孤儿》“it’s not a children’s book”，且《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》《Maikafer, flieg!》虽主角是孩子，但并非全部适合儿童阅读，因此A项“四本书主角都是孩子且适合儿童阅读”错误。 （四） Do you sometimes feel sad or stressed? How do you usually deal with these feelings? Counselling for Toads: A Psychological Adventure《蛤蟆先生去看心理医生》tells the story of Mr Toad who becomes very sad and visits a kind psychologist (心理医生) named Heron. Together, they find out why Mr Toad feels so unhappy and how he can feel better. Recently, Mr Toad starts to feel lonely and unimportant. Although he tries to put on a “smiling” face to continue with his life, he finds himself increasingly stressed and melancholy. His friends notice he has changed and suggest he should talk to Heron. During their meetings, Heron helps Mr Toad look back at his childhood. He remembers his strict father and quiet mother. They made him feel he was never good enough. Heron teaches Mr Toad it is common for people to have different feelings, but what matters is to choose how to face and solve them. For example, Mr Toad learns to say “no” when his friends ask too much of him. Heron tells him, “You can’t change others, but you can choose how to behave in your own way.” He also says, “To understand yourself better, you must connect with your feelings. No one can help you but yourself.” This book is great for teenagers because it talks about real problems. It shows that asking for help is brave. Through Mr Toad’s journey, readers learn to understand their feelings and grow stronger. 1．Why did Mr Toad’s friends ask him to see Heron? A．Because he looked unhealthy and weak. B．Because they found he had become different. C．Because he often fought with others. D．Because he refused to talk to anyone. 2．What does the underlined word “melancholy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Peaceful. B．Joyful. C．Upset. D．Tired. 3．What can we infer about Mr Toad’s childhood? A．His parents were very kind to him. B．He often felt not good enough. C．He lived a very happy life. D．His parents encouraged him a lot. 4．Put the events about Mr Toad into the correct order according to the passage. a. His friends advise him to see Heron. b. He tries to pretend everything is fine. c. He starts to feel lonely and unimportant. d. Heron helps him understand his own feelings. A．c-b-d-a B．b-c-d-a C．b-c-a-d D．c-b-a-d 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．The writer’s own experience of seeing a psychologist. B．An introduction to the book Counselling for Toads. C．Ways to make more true friends. D．How to get along with parents. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了书籍《蛤蟆先生去看心理医生》的内容，讲述了蛤蟆先生因感到孤独和不重要，在朋友的建议下寻求心理医生Heron的帮助，最终认识自我、走出情绪困境的故事，旨在帮助青少年正确面对情绪与成长。 1．文章第2段“His friends notice he has changed and suggest he should talk to Heron.”表明蛤蟆的朋友让他见Heron是因为发现他变得不一样了，与选项B的描述一致。 2．文章第2段“Recently, Mr Toad starts to feel lonely and unimportant...he finds himself increasingly stressed and melancholy.”中melancholy和stressed“有压力的”并列，共同描述了蛤蟆先生当时糟糕的心理状态，与选项C“Upset”（难过的）同义。 3．文章第2段“He remembers his strict father and quiet mother. They made him feel he was never good enough.”表明蛤蟆先生的童年经历让他经常感到“不够好”，与选项B的描述一致。 4．根据文章第2段，事件逻辑为：c（开始感到孤独和不重要）→b（假装微笑、继续生活）→a（朋友注意到变化，建议看Heron）→d（Heron帮他理解感受）。正确顺序为c→b→a→d，对应选项D。 5．文章开篇介绍书籍名称《蛤蟆先生去看心理医生》，随后依次讲述书籍的故事内容、核心启示，整体围绕介绍这本书展开。与选项B“书籍《蛤蟆先生去看心理医生》的介绍”一致。 话题4志愿服务 （一） On February 6, 2023, a strong earthquake hit southern Turkey and northern Syria. It was a very terrible earthquake. Over 50,000 people died and many more were hurt. The earthquake happened at 4:17 a.m. Most people were sleeping then. Buildings fell down quickly, and some people were trapped under the broken houses. The weather was cold—at night, it was below zero. Many survivors had no place to live. Rescue teams from over 70 countries came to help. They used dogs and machines to find people alive. Many volunteers also joined in. They brought food, water and warm clothes to those in need. But the rescue work was not easy. There were aftershocks, roads were broken, and there was not enough food or water. One big problem was reaching small villages far away. Some villages had no connection to the outside world. Rescuers had to walk or take helicopters to get there. Even so, many miracles happened—people were saved after being trapped for days. After the earthquake, countries around the world gave over $10 billion to help. Governments and groups are now building new homes, schools and hospitals. Experts say that better buildings and early warnings can help reduce deaths in future earthquakes. 1．When did the earthquake in Turkey happen? A．On February 6, 2024. B．On February 6, 2023. C．At 4:17 p.m. D．In southern China. 2．Why was the rescue work difficult? A．Because the weather was hot. B．Because there were no volunteers. C．Because of aftershocks and broken roads. D．Because people didn’t want help. 3．How many countries sent rescue teams to Turkey? A．Over 50. B．Over 60. C．Over 70. D．Over 80. 4．Who came to help after the earthquake? A．Rain and wind. B．Rescue teams and volunteers. C．Planes and trains. D．Farmers and workers. 5． What do experts suggest to reduce future earthquake deaths? A．Build better buildings and provide early warning systems. B．Send more rescue teams. C．Give more money to the affected areas. D．Move people to safer countries. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了2023年土耳其和叙利亚地震的发生时间、造成的破坏、救援工作的困难与挑战，以及灾后重建和专家的建议。 【详解】1．第一段明确指出：“On February 6, 2023, a strong earthquake hit southern Turkey and northern Syria”，说明地震发生在2023年2月6日。 2．第三段明确指出：“But the rescue work was not easy. There were aftershocks, roads were broken...”，说明救援工作困难是因为有余震和道路损毁。 3．第三段明确指出：“Rescue teams from over 70 countries came to help”，说明有超过70个国家派遣了救援队。 4．第三段明确指出：“Rescue teams from over 70 countries came to help... Many volunteers also joined in”，说明地震后来帮忙的是救援队和志愿者。 5．最后一段明确指出：“Experts say that better buildings and early warnings can help reduce deaths in future earthquakes”，说明专家建议通过建造更好的建筑和早期预警来减少未来地震的死亡人数。 （二） Running a charity shop is a popular and meaningful way to help people in need in many cities. These shops collect all kinds of donated second-hand goods from warm-hearted people, such as clothes, books, toys and everyday supplies. They sell these things at very low prices, and all the money they make is given to support sick children, homeless people and lonely elderly citizens. Most workers in charity shops are volunteers. They come from all walks of life, including students, office workers and retired people. They are ready to spend their spare time sorting goods, cleaning shelves and serving customers patiently. They never get paid for their work, but they feel happy and proud to do something useful for society. Many people like shopping in charity shops now. They think the goods are cheap and in good condition. Reusing second-hand things is also environmentally friendly and helps cut down waste. Besides, shoppers feel they are doing a small good deed while shopping. Charity shops also hold small voluntary activities on weekends. They try their best to care for poor kids and the elderly in the neighbourhood. More and more people are influenced to join them and pass on warmth to others. 1．What do charity shops mainly sell? A．Expensive new clothes B．Second‑hand daily things C．Delicious food and drinks D．Modern electronic products 2．What do we know about the workers in charity shops? A．They all work full-time for money B．They are all professional shopkeepers C．They work as volunteers for free D．They are only retired old people 3．Which is NOT the advantage of shopping in charity shops? A．Things are very cheap B．It is good for the environment C．It helps people in need D．It can make shoppers rich 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People can buy expensive gifts in charity shops B．Volunteers get much money from their work C．Shopping in charity shops is a kind of small kindness D．Charity shops only hold activities on weekdays 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to run a big supermarket B．The importance and value of charity shops C．How to become a volunteer D．Ways to protect the environment 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了慈善商店的销售物品、工作人员、购物好处以及社会活动，阐述了慈善商店的运行方式与社会价值。 【详解】1．根据第一段第二句“These shops collect all kinds of donated second-hand goods from warm-hearted people, such as clothes, books, toys and everyday supplies.”可知，慈善商店主要收集并出售二手日常物品。 2．根据第二段第一句和第四句“Most workers in charity shops are volunteers...They never get paid for their work”可知，慈善商店的工作人员大多是无偿服务的志愿者。 3．根据第一段和第三段可知，商品便宜（very low prices）、环保（environmentally friendly）、帮助有需要的人（support sick children...）均为优点。 4．根据第三段最后一句“Besides, shoppers feel they are doing a small good deed while shopping.”可知，在慈善商店购物被视为一种小善举（small kindness）。 5．通读全文可知，文章介绍了慈善商店的销售物品、工作人员、购物好处以及社会活动，旨在阐述慈善商店的重要性及其社会价值。 （三） Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference in the world and help those in need. It’s also a great way to learn new skills, make new friends and gain valuable experience. There are many different kinds of volunteer work for teenagers to choose from. You can volunteer in a local library to help organize books and help people find the books they need. You can also volunteer in a hospital to help nurses take care of sick people, like bringing them water or talking with them to cheer them up. If you love animals, you can volunteer in an animal shelter to feed the animals and clean their houses. You can also volunteer to clean up the community or plant trees to make the environment better. Volunteering doesn’t take much time. You can volunteer for a few hours a week or a few days a month. It’s not about how much time you spend, but about your heart. Even a small act of kindness can make a big difference. Volunteering is a valuable experience for teenagers. It can help you grow up and become a more responsible person. It can also help you understand the world better and appreciate what you have. So why not start volunteering today? It’s never too early to make a difference. 1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A．The ways to volunteer B．The importance of volunteering C．The different kinds of volunteer work D．The time to volunteer 2．Which of the following is NOT a kind of volunteer work for teenagers? A．Volunteering in a library B．Volunteering in a hospital C．Volunteering in a supermarket D．Volunteering in an animal shelter 3．What can we do to cheer up sick people in the hospital? A．Organize books B．Feed animals C．Talk with them D．Clean the community 4．What does the writer think of volunteering? A．It takes a lot of time B．It’s only for adults C．It’s a valuable experience D．It’s very difficult 5．What’s the writer’s advice? A．To start volunteering as early as possible B．To spend a lot of time volunteering C．To do only one kind of volunteer work D．To volunteer only on weekends 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了志愿服务的重要性、青少年可以参与的志愿工作种类、时间投入以及作者对志愿服务的看法和建议。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段中“Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference... help those in need... learn new skills, make new friends and gain valuable experience.”可知，第一段主要阐述了志愿服务能带来的好处和意义，即志愿服务的重要性。 2．根据文章第二段中“You can volunteer in a local library... volunteer in a hospital... volunteer in an animal shelter... clean up the community or plant trees”可知，文中提到了图书馆、医院、动物收容所和社区，未提及超市（supermarket）。 3．根据文章第二段中“You can also volunteer in a hospital... talking with them to cheer them up.”可知，在医院可以通过与病人交谈来让他们振作起来。 4．根据最后一段中“Volunteering is a valuable experience for teenagers.”可知，作者认为志愿服务对青少年来说是一次宝贵的经历。 5．根据最后一段中“So why not start volunteering today? It’s never too early to make a difference.”可知，作者建议尽早开始志愿服务，今天就开始。 （四） Volunteering is a great way to help others and make the world a better place. There are many kinds of volunteer work. You can volunteer in a hospital to help sick people. You can also volunteer in a school to help students with their studies. Or you can volunteer in a park to clean up the rubbish. When you volunteer, you can make new friends and learn new skills. You can also get a strong feeling of satisfaction.   Volunteering doesn’t take much time. You can volunteer for a few hours a week or a few days a month. It’s a good experience for teenagers. It can help you grow up and become a better person. So why not start volunteering today? 1．What's a great way to help others? A．Working hard. B．Studying well. C．Volunteering. D．Making money. 2．Where can we volunteer to help sick people? A．In a hospital. B．In a school. C．In a park. D．In a library. 3．What can we get from volunteering? A．Money. B．New friends. C．Gifts. D．A job. 4．How long can we volunteer? A．A few hours a day. B．A few hours a week. C．A few days a week. D．A few months a year. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to find a volunteer job. B．The importance of volunteering. C．Different kinds of jobs. D．How to make friends. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了志愿服务的意义、常见的志愿工作类型，以及参与志愿服务能带来的个人成长与收获。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段第一句“Volunteering is a great way to help others...”可知，志愿服务是帮助他人的好方法。 2．根据文章第一段中“You can volunteer in a hospital to help sick people.”可知，在医院可以做志愿者帮助病人。 3．根据文章第一段中“When you volunteer, you can make new friends...”可知，志愿服务可以结交新朋友。 4．根据文章第二段中“You can volunteer for a few hours a week...”可知，志愿服务时间可以是每周几小时。 5．通读全文可知，文章介绍了志愿服务的方式、益处以及对青少年的意义，主要阐述了志愿服务的重要性。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $