精品解析：山东日照市东港区新营中学2025-2026学年九年级下学期考前预测英语试卷

2025—2026学年度下学期阶段检测 九年级英语试题 第一节（共15小题，计30分） 阅读下列材料，然后从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exploring Caves—Suit up with a helmet and light, and take Cave Crawl (爬行). Bring your own knee pads. Learn about equipment used by cavers and rules for safe cave exploration. Spend the morning viewing stalactites—rock formations that hang from the ceiling—and their opposites; stalagmites (石笋). Cave Alive—Take a look and learn about bats, salamanders, and other interesting creatures that grow up in caves. See crickets, crayfish, and even beetles. Learn why bears like to live in caves. Fossils—Learn how remains of ancient plant and animal life became set in rocks, and discover how they provide clues about Earth’s history. Examine fossils in the cave. Caves—Learn how changes in underground rock formation cause openings and caverns to develop. Find out how acidic water dissolves (溶解) limestone to create caves. Manners—Learn how to preserve and protect beautiful, interesting, and educational caves. Learn why bats should not be disturbed when they are hibernating. Never go caving alone. Take nothing but pictures; leave nothing but footprints. JOIN TODAY. RECEIVE THESE EARLY-BIRD. BENEFITS (好处): A membership card. A membership certificate. A Caves and Caverns activity book. A newsletter with games, activities, and special offers. THAT’S NOT ALL. MEMBERSALSO RECEIVE: Free unlimited admission (入场) to Echo Cove Cave. One-week Echo Cove Youth Camp enrollment (注册) at half price. Ten tickets for you and your friends to a private “off-the-beaten-track” tour of the cave. Two free admission tickets to Echo Cove Cave for friends or family members. Admission to “Caves Around the World” lectures given by world famous cavers every month. 1. If you are interested in rock formations, which activities are the best choices? A. Caves and Fossils. B. Exploring Caves and Manners. C. Caves and Exploring Caves. 2. If you are members’ friends, what benefits can you receive? A. Two free tickets to Echo Cove Cave. B. A membership card and certificate. C. Lower price for Youth Camp. 3. The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to ________. A. join the Cave Club B. enjoy the underground world C. protect the educational caves B Zhang Xue is the founder of ZXMOTO. It is a well-known Chinese motorcycle brand and has recently amazed the world’s motorcycle racing field. Zhang Xue was born in a small village in Hunan Province. He left school when he was young. At first, he worked to repair motorcycles. But he had a big dream: to make great Chinese motorcycles for the whole world. In 2017, Zhang Xue helped build Kove Motorcycles. Soon, many people loved this brand. However, Zhang Xue hoped to make better motorcycle engines on his own. So he left Kove in 2024 and started his own brand ZXMOTO. This brand tries its best to make great motorcycle engines by Chinese people. From March 28 to 29, 2026, Zhang Xue’s 820RR-RS race bike made Chinese history. It won two races in a row at the World Superbike Championship Portugal round. For decades, top international road racing events were controlled by brands from Europe, America and Japan. This victory broke the long-time monopoly and made ZXMOTO the first Chinese motorcycle brand to succeed in top-level global motorcycle races. Life was hard for Zhang Xue in his early years. However, he never feared difficulties or gave up. From a common repair worker to a famous brand founder, he kept his first dream for many years. He kept learning, tried many times and chose to create new things on his own, instead of using foreign technology. His spirit of never giving up, self-improvement and creativity is very valuable. Zhang Xue always keeps trying and follows his dream. His story shows that China’s high-end manufacturing (制造) industry is developing fast in the world. It also encourages many young people to keep their dreams and work hard. 4. What was Zhang Xue’s first job? A. A race bike designer. B. A motorcycle repair worker. C. A motorcycle racer. 5. Why did Zhang Xue leave Kove in 2024? A. Kove failed in the market. B. He wanted to study abroad. C. He hoped to develop engines. 6. What does the underlined word “monopoly” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. 垄断 B. 赞助 C. 宣传 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Foreign brands will no longer join motorcycle races. B. Chinese motorcycle industry has been the best for years. C. Never giving up and being creative bring great success. C 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream. This thing would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. During the study, they used microphones to record healthy and stressed tomatoes — the stressed ones were either unwatered for several days or had their stems (茎) cut. They then used a special method to show the differences. What did they do? They listened to three groups of plants. Group 1: Plants were not watered for five days. Group 2: Stems were cut off. Group 3: Plants were untouched. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour. The scientists said that thirsty plants began making noises before they were clearly dehydrated (脱水的). And the frequency of sounds reached the highest point after five days with no water, and then dropped as the plants dried up completely. What’s more, the types of sounds the plants made were different according to the cause of their stress. “When plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Lilach Hadany from the study team told CNN. Who listened to these sounds? Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat. The scientists also listened to other plants such as wheat and corn. They also make more sounds when stressed. The study noted that sound recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to make sure crops were getting enough water and to give water where it was needed most. Scientists say the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel. 8. What caused the tomato plants to be “stressed” in the study? A. Loud noises from microphones. B. Lack of sunlight. C. Being unwatered or having stems cut. 9. How often did the healthy tomato plants make sounds? A. 30~50 times per hour. B. Twice every hour. C. They made the fewest times of sound per hour. 10. Which is the correct structure of the passage? A. B. C. 11. How could the study help farmers in the future? A. By teaching plants to scream for water. B. By using sound recordings to monitor crop health. C. By creating music for plants. D Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. However, it’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn when walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound (重击) the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. In her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries linked to running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable (相当大的) stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in taking up the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 12. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They have to follow special rules. C. They are good at swinging their legs. 13. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s more effective in body building. C. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 14. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Hiring an experienced coach. C. Doing regular exercises. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Running VS. Race Walking: Which Burns More Calories? B. Race Walking: Fitness Benefits and Form Challenges C. Avoiding Injuries: Why Race Walking Might be safer Than Running? 第二节（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Tennis is a challenging and fun physical sport, and regular playing can greatly improve overall physical and mental health. ____16____ Improve bone and grip (握力) strength As we age, our muscles naturally weaken and our bones can become weaker. ____17____ The repetitive movement and power during a tennis match can help make bones stronger. “People who keep their grip strength age more slowly. They stay healthier, live longer and are stronger throughout their bodies,” says doctor Ardeshir Hashmi, an expert in older people’s health. Lower your chance of heart problems The physical activities, which include both aerobic (有氧的) and anaerobic activities, help the heart and blood flow. Based on recent research, dance or gymnastics can lower the risk of heart disease or stroke by 36 percent. ____18____ However, playing tennis three hours a week can lower your chance of heart disease by over 50%, according to the United States Tennis Association (USTA). ____19____ Tennis, unlike working out alone at the gym, running outside or swimming, requires you to interact with others. Tennis can bring different groups of people together through exercise in the community. Keeping strong social networks helps prevent mental health conditions like anxiety and loneliness, helping people feel happier into older age. If this sounds good to you, you’re in luck. ____20____ So, it may just be the time to dust off your racket (球拍). A. Reduce your mental stress. B. They become players rather than watchers in their chosen activity. C. Grip strength can show how well you’re aging. D. Tennis is popular among all ages and skill levels. E. Tennis has unique health benefits backed by research. F. Swimming can lower the possibility by 41 percent as well. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20） 第一节（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑） My dad is very interested in history and the Silk Road has always ____21____ him. He has told me many things about it. ____22____ it’s called the Silk Road, people traded much more than silk. The Silk Road went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. It was 6,500 km from Xi’an to Rome and it played an important ____23____ in the development of the world. My family got away for a ____24____ last summer and went to some famous places along the original road. We started at Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. Wuwei was a very important city on the Silk Road. It ____25____ three main cities in the area. In ancient times it was also a capital. Although it’s now a modern city, you can get a sense of history when you visit it. We saw lots of very old stone monuments and people there were very ____26____ of their city’s long history. The next stop was Jiayuguan. It’s on the edge of the desert and was an important place on the Silk Road. It was a busy city ____27____ a lot of people coming and going. Even today, it’s a city that many business people travel through. An important part of the Great Wall was also built here. After that, we went on to Yumenguan. I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan. It was in the Gobi Desert and was one of the main connections between Central Asia and China. I wonder ____28____ people ever made it through the hot desert so long ago. Finally, we arrived in Dunhuang, a city that has history and great artwork. It was influenced by many different cultures over time. Now, it’s a major place of interest in Northwest China. This trip wasn’t ____29____ a scenic journey. It helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places ____30____ each other in many ways. 21. A. fascinated B. disappointed C. discovered 22. A. Because B. Unless C. Although 23. A. game B. role C. card 24. A. dinner B. celebration C. holiday 25. A. connected B. broke C. located 26. A. proud B. excited C. amazed 27. A. without B. for C. with 28. A. when B. how C. where 29. A. still B. just C. almost 30. A. influenced B. harmed C. broke 第二节（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，然后将答案写在答题卡相应的位置。如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式。如没有提示词，则填入一个恰当的单词。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world ____31____ (shake) by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. ____32____ well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds, devoting all his energy to protecting biological resources across the country. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he ____33____ (actual) showed a deep love and curiosity for the things that he explored every day. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he became interested in plants, and he concentrated on botanical studies ____34____ he mastered plenty of professional knowledge. After becoming a professor at Fudan University, the study of plants, especially seeds, became the focus of his life. He often told his students that every seed carried the hope of nature and deserved careful protection. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him ____35____ (brave) the cold weather and great heights. The tough natural environment and long journeys wore him out. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued ____36____ his work unless he was too weak to stand. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants, which greatly enriched the global plant database. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about ____37____ (it) native plant resources in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge ____38____ (collect) of seeds. His love for his job and research ____39____ (live) on in his students. Liu Mei, one of his students said that Professor Zhong was really an extraordinary and ____40____ (inspire) scientist. His perseverance and selfless dedication will always encourage us to stick to our dreams and keep moving forward. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30） 第一节（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars. Here is what life could be like. First of all, transport should be much better. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars—it takes a few months. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars! Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air that we need. However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars sucks (吸引) us much less than Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier. There will probably be no school on Mars. Every student will have a computer at home which is connected to the Internet. They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have their own online teacher called “e-teacher”. Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies. However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills (片状物) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill. The spaceship will travel fast but the journey to Mars will __________. 41. How long might it take us to get to Mars by spaceship by 2100? __________________________________________________ 42. How can people on Mars prevent themselves from flying slowly away into space? __________________________________________________ 43. What can the students do in online schools on Mars? __________________________________________________ 44. Why will life on Mars be better than life on Earth? __________________________________________________ 45. Complete the sentence in the last paragraph with the proper words. __________________________________________________ 第二节（满分20分） 46. 在科技迅速发展的当下，人形机器人不仅出现在屏幕中，也开始走进我们的生活，科技与人文的融合迈向了新的阶段。你校机器人俱乐部举办“文化宣传机器人”设计展示活动。假如你是俱乐部成员李华，需要向全校同学介绍你设计的机器人，内容需包含以下要点： 1．介绍机器人的外貌； 2．介绍机器人助力校园文化宣传； 3．谈谈你对科技与人文的理解。 要求： 1．词数80-100词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 4．标点正确，书写规范。 Dear students, Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua from the robotics club. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度下学期阶段检测 九年级英语试题 第一节（共15小题，计30分） 阅读下列材料，然后从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exploring Caves—Suit up with a helmet and light, and take Cave Crawl (爬行). Bring your own knee pads. Learn about equipment used by cavers and rules for safe cave exploration. Spend the morning viewing stalactites—rock formations that hang from the ceiling—and their opposites; stalagmites (石笋). Cave Alive—Take a look and learn about bats, salamanders, and other interesting creatures that grow up in caves. See crickets, crayfish, and even beetles. Learn why bears like to live in caves. Fossils—Learn how remains of ancient plant and animal life became set in rocks, and discover how they provide clues about Earth’s history. Examine fossils in the cave. Caves—Learn how changes in underground rock formation cause openings and caverns to develop. Find out how acidic water dissolves (溶解) limestone to create caves. Manners—Learn how to preserve and protect beautiful, interesting, and educational caves. Learn why bats should not be disturbed when they are hibernating. Never go caving alone. Take nothing but pictures; leave nothing but footprints. JOIN TODAY. RECEIVE THESE EARLY-BIRD. BENEFITS (好处): A membership card. A membership certificate. A Caves and Caverns activity book. A newsletter with games, activities, and special offers. THAT’S NOT ALL. MEMBERSALSO RECEIVE: Free unlimited admission (入场) to Echo Cove Cave. One-week Echo Cove Youth Camp enrollment (注册) at half price. Ten tickets for you and your friends to a private “off-the-beaten-track” tour of the cave. Two free admission tickets to Echo Cove Cave for friends or family members. Admission to “Caves Around the World” lectures given by world famous cavers every month. 1. If you are interested in rock formations, which activities are the best choices? A. Caves and Fossils. B. Exploring Caves and Manners. C. Caves and Exploring Caves. 2. If you are members’ friends, what benefits can you receive? A. Two free tickets to Echo Cove Cave. B. A membership card and certificate. C. Lower price for Youth Camp. 3. The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to ________. A. join the Cave Club B. enjoy the underground world C. protect the educational caves 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则洞穴俱乐部招募海报，介绍五项洞穴体验项目以及会员可享受的各类福利。 【1题详解】 根据Exploring Caves中“viewing stalactites—rock formations that hang from the ceiling—and their opposites; stalagmites” 和Caves板块“Learn how changes in underground rock formation cause openings and caverns to develop”，两项活动都围绕岩层构造展开。 【2题详解】 根据会员福利“Two free admission tickets to Echo Cove Cave for friends or family members.”，亲友可获得两张洞穴免费入场券。 【3题详解】 海报罗列项目内容、早鸟福利和会员特权，目的是招揽人们加入洞穴俱乐部。 B Zhang Xue is the founder of ZXMOTO. It is a well-known Chinese motorcycle brand and has recently amazed the world’s motorcycle racing field. Zhang Xue was born in a small village in Hunan Province. He left school when he was young. At first, he worked to repair motorcycles. But he had a big dream: to make great Chinese motorcycles for the whole world. In 2017, Zhang Xue helped build Kove Motorcycles. Soon, many people loved this brand. However, Zhang Xue hoped to make better motorcycle engines on his own. So he left Kove in 2024 and started his own brand ZXMOTO. This brand tries its best to make great motorcycle engines by Chinese people. From March 28 to 29, 2026, Zhang Xue’s 820RR-RS race bike made Chinese history. It won two races in a row at the World Superbike Championship Portugal round. For decades, top international road racing events were controlled by brands from Europe, America and Japan. This victory broke the long-time monopoly and made ZXMOTO the first Chinese motorcycle brand to succeed in top-level global motorcycle races. Life was hard for Zhang Xue in his early years. However, he never feared difficulties or gave up. From a common repair worker to a famous brand founder, he kept his first dream for many years. He kept learning, tried many times and chose to create new things on his own, instead of using foreign technology. His spirit of never giving up, self-improvement and creativity is very valuable. Zhang Xue always keeps trying and follows his dream. His story shows that China’s high-end manufacturing (制造) industry is developing fast in the world. It also encourages many young people to keep their dreams and work hard. 4. What was Zhang Xue’s first job? A. A race bike designer. B. A motorcycle repair worker. C. A motorcycle racer. 5. Why did Zhang Xue leave Kove in 2024? A. Kove failed in the market. B. He wanted to study abroad. C. He hoped to develop engines. 6. What does the underlined word “monopoly” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. 垄断 B. 赞助 C. 宣传 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Foreign brands will no longer join motorcycle races. B. Chinese motorcycle industry has been the best for years. C. Never giving up and being creative bring great success. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍创始人张雪，从早年修理摩托车起步，怀揣打造国产摩托的梦想，创立ZXMOTO品牌，其赛车斩获世界级赛事冠军，凭借坚持与创新实现梦想，也体现中国高端制造业的发展。 【4题详解】 根据第二段“At first, he worked to repair motorcycles.”可知，张雪的第一份工作是摩托车修理工。 【5题详解】 根据第三段“However, Zhang Xue hoped to make better motorcycle engines on his own. So he left Kove in 2024...”可知，他离开是为了研发发动机。 【6题详解】 根据第四段“For decades, top international road racing events were controlled by brands from Europe, America and Japan.”可知，这种长期被少数品牌控制的局面即为“垄断”。 【7题详解】 根据第五段“His spirit of never giving up, self-improvement and creativity is very valuable.”以及全文讲述的奋斗历程可知，文章旨在告诉我们永不放弃和勇于创新能带来成功。 C 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream. This thing would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. During the study, they used microphones to record healthy and stressed tomatoes — the stressed ones were either unwatered for several days or had their stems (茎) cut. They then used a special method to show the differences. What did they do? They listened to three groups of plants. Group 1: Plants were not watered for five days. Group 2: Stems were cut off. Group 3: Plants were untouched. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour. The scientists said that thirsty plants began making noises before they were clearly dehydrated (脱水的). And the frequency of sounds reached the highest point after five days with no water, and then dropped as the plants dried up completely. What’s more, the types of sounds the plants made were different according to the cause of their stress. “When plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Lilach Hadany from the study team told CNN. Who listened to these sounds? Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat. The scientists also listened to other plants such as wheat and corn. They also make more sounds when stressed. The study noted that sound recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to make sure crops were getting enough water and to give water where it was needed most. Scientists say the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel. 8. What caused the tomato plants to be “stressed” in the study? A. Loud noises from microphones. B. Lack of sunlight. C. Being unwatered or having stems cut. 9. How often did the healthy tomato plants make sounds? A. 30~50 times per hour. B. Twice every hour. C. They made the fewest times of sound per hour. 10. Which is the correct structure of the passage? A. B. C. 11. How could the study help farmers in the future? A. By teaching plants to scream for water. B. By using sound recordings to monitor crop health. C. By creating music for plants. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕以色列科学家的实验展开，介绍植物受环境胁迫时会发出声响的研究成果，依次阐述实验过程、发声规律、声音接收对象与该研究在现代农业的应用前景。 【8题详解】 第二段“the stressed ones were either unwatered for several days or had their stems cut”介绍实验里番茄受压力的两种诱因是缺水、茎被切割。 【9题详解】 第三段中前两组受胁迫植物每小时发声30~50次，第三组健康植株一小时只响1次。因此健康植株每小时发声次数最少。 【10题详解】 文章的结构第①段总起，点明核心观点“植物受压力会发出声响”；第②③段分组详解番茄对比实验；第④⑤段分组说明能感知植物声响的生物和延伸其他作物以及在农业应用的价值。所以是“总——分”的结构。 【11题详解】 最后一段“sound recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to make sure crops were getting enough water”说明农民可以依靠收录植物的声音监测作物生长健康状况。 D Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. However, it’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn when walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound (重击) the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. In her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries linked to running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable (相当大的) stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in taking up the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 12. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They have to follow special rules. C. They are good at swinging their legs. 13. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s more effective in body building. C. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 14. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Hiring an experienced coach. C. Doing regular exercises. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Running VS. Race Walking: Which Burns More Calories? B. Race Walking: Fitness Benefits and Form Challenges C. Avoiding Injuries: Why Race Walking Might be safer Than Running? 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要通过与跑步对比介绍了“竞走”这项运动的特点，并建议想要从事这项运动的人要先咨询专家的意见。 【12题详解】 根据第二段“Race walkers are conditioned athletes…But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.”可知，竞走运动员之所以是训练有素的运动员，是因为这项运动有特殊的规则要求。 【13题详解】 根据第一段“Race walking…most likely contributing to fewer injuries.”和最后一段“some of the injuries linked to running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers”可知，与跑步相比，竞走更不容易造成膝盖等损伤。 【14题详解】 根据最后一段“anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first ask a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique”可知，她建议想尝试竞走的人先咨询教练或有经验的选手。 【15题详解】 文章主要介绍了竞走这项运动，第一段引出其健身益处和潜在问题；第二、三段介绍了其特殊规则及卡路里消耗（健身益处）；第四、五段介绍了其对身体的冲击较小但特殊形式会对脚踝和臀部造成压力（形式带来的挑战），B项“Race Walking: Fitness Benefits and Form Challenges”全面概括了文章的主要内容。A 项仅涉及卡路里，C项仅涉及受伤问题，均不够全面。 第二节（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Tennis is a challenging and fun physical sport, and regular playing can greatly improve overall physical and mental health. ____16____ Improve bone and grip (握力) strength As we age, our muscles naturally weaken and our bones can become weaker. ____17____ The repetitive movement and power during a tennis match can help make bones stronger. “People who keep their grip strength age more slowly. They stay healthier, live longer and are stronger throughout their bodies,” says doctor Ardeshir Hashmi, an expert in older people’s health. Lower your chance of heart problems The physical activities, which include both aerobic (有氧的) and anaerobic activities, help the heart and blood flow. Based on recent research, dance or gymnastics can lower the risk of heart disease or stroke by 36 percent. ____18____ However, playing tennis three hours a week can lower your chance of heart disease by over 50%, according to the United States Tennis Association (USTA). ____19____ Tennis, unlike working out alone at the gym, running outside or swimming, requires you to interact with others. Tennis can bring different groups of people together through exercise in the community. Keeping strong social networks helps prevent mental health conditions like anxiety and loneliness, helping people feel happier into older age. If this sounds good to you, you’re in luck. ____20____ So, it may just be the time to dust off your racket (球拍). A. Reduce your mental stress. B. They become players rather than watchers in their chosen activity. C. Grip strength can show how well you’re aging. D. Tennis is popular among all ages and skill levels. E. Tennis has unique health benefits backed by research. F. Swimming can lower the possibility by 41 percent as well. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了打网球对身心健康的诸多益处，包括增强骨骼和握力、降低心脏问题风险以及通过社交改善心理健康等，鼓励人们参与网球运动。 【16题详解】 文章第一段“Tennis is a challenging and fun physical sport, and regular playing can greatly improve overall physical and mental health.”为全文导入，引出网球对健康的好处。选项E“网球有研究支持的独特健康益处。”承接上文总述健康益处，并引出下文具体的研究数据和支持，符合语境。 【17题详解】 文章第二段“As we age, our muscles naturally weaken and our bones can become weaker.”以及后文引用专家的话“People who keep their grip strength age more slowly.”说明，本段主要讨论衰老、骨骼和握力的关系。选项C“握力可以显示你的衰老程度。”承上启下，将前文的衰老话题与后文的握力话题紧密连接。 【18题详解】 文章第三段“Based on recent research, dance or gymnastics can lower the risk of heart disease or stroke by 36 percent.”以及后文“However, playing tennis three hours a week can lower your chance of heart disease by over 50%”说明，此处是在列举不同运动降低心脏病风险的数据进行对比。选项F“游泳也可以将可能性降低 41%。”提供了另一个运动的数据，符合上下文的逻辑对比。 【19题详解】 文章第四段“Keeping strong social networks helps prevent mental health conditions like anxiety and loneliness, helping people feel happier into older age.”可知，本段主要讲述网球通过社交对心理健康的积极影响。选项A“减轻你的精神压力。”作为小标题，准确概括了本段关于心理健康的主旨，且与前两个小标题结构一致。 【20题详解】 文章最后一段“If this sounds good to you, you’re in luck.”以及后文“So, it may just be the time to dust off your racket.”可知，此处应解释为何“幸运”，即网球易于参与。选项D“网球在所有年龄和技能水平中都很受欢迎。”说明了网球的普及性和易参与性，解释了为何读者很幸运可以尝试，并自然引出最后的建议。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20） 第一节（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑） My dad is very interested in history and the Silk Road has always ____21____ him. He has told me many things about it. ____22____ it’s called the Silk Road, people traded much more than silk. The Silk Road went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. It was 6,500 km from Xi’an to Rome and it played an important ____23____ in the development of the world. My family got away for a ____24____ last summer and went to some famous places along the original road. We started at Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. Wuwei was a very important city on the Silk Road. It ____25____ three main cities in the area. In ancient times it was also a capital. Although it’s now a modern city, you can get a sense of history when you visit it. We saw lots of very old stone monuments and people there were very ____26____ of their city’s long history. The next stop was Jiayuguan. It’s on the edge of the desert and was an important place on the Silk Road. It was a busy city ____27____ a lot of people coming and going. Even today, it’s a city that many business people travel through. An important part of the Great Wall was also built here. After that, we went on to Yumenguan. I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan. It was in the Gobi Desert and was one of the main connections between Central Asia and China. I wonder ____28____ people ever made it through the hot desert so long ago. Finally, we arrived in Dunhuang, a city that has history and great artwork. It was influenced by many different cultures over time. Now, it’s a major place of interest in Northwest China. This trip wasn’t ____29____ a scenic journey. It helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places ____30____ each other in many ways. 21. A. fascinated B. disappointed C. discovered 22. A. Because B. Unless C. Although 23. A. game B. role C. card 24. A. dinner B. celebration C. holiday 25. A. connected B. broke C. located 26. A. proud B. excited C. amazed 27. A. without B. for C. with 28. A. when B. how C. where 29. A. still B. just C. almost 30. A. influenced B. harmed C. broke 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者受父亲影响，去年夏天沿丝绸之路旅行，参观了武威、嘉峪关等地，了解了历史与文化交融。 【21题详解】 句意：丝绸之路一直让他着迷。 根据前文“interested in history”可知父亲对历史感兴趣，丝绸之路应让他着迷，fascinated符合要求。 【22题详解】 句意：虽然它被称为丝绸之路，但人们交易的远不止丝绸。 根据前后句意存在转折关系，应用让步状语从句，although符合要求。 【23题详解】 句意：从西安到罗马全长 6500 千米，它在世界发展进程中发挥了重要作用。 play a role in为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演角色/起作用”。 【24题详解】 句意：去年夏天我们一家人外出度假，沿着古丝路古道游览了几处名胜。 根据后文“went to some famous places”可知是去旅行度假，holiday符合要求。 【25题详解】 句意：它连接了该地区的三个主要城市。 根据丝绸之路作为贸易通道的功能，城市起连接作用，connected符合要求。 【26题详解】 句意：我们见到许多古老石质遗迹，当地人为这座城市悠久的历史倍感自豪。 be proud of 为固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”。 【27题详解】 句意：它是一个伴随着人来人往的繁忙城市。 此处 with 结构作伴随状语，修饰city。 【28题详解】 句意：我想知道很久以前人们是如何穿过炎热沙漠的。 根据“made it through the hot desert”可知，侧重穿越的方式或可能性，how符合要求。 【29题详解】 句意：这次旅行不仅仅是一次风景之旅。 not just意为“不仅仅”，后文提到帮助理解历史，说明不止是风景。 【30题详解】 句意：它帮我了解了这片地域的历史，也见识到来自各地的人们在方方面面如何相互影响。 根据前文“influenced by many different cultures”可知此处指文化相互影响，influenced符合要求。 第二节（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，然后将答案写在答题卡相应的位置。如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式。如没有提示词，则填入一个恰当的单词。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world ____31____ (shake) by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. ____32____ well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds, devoting all his energy to protecting biological resources across the country. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he ____33____ (actual) showed a deep love and curiosity for the things that he explored every day. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he became interested in plants, and he concentrated on botanical studies ____34____ he mastered plenty of professional knowledge. After becoming a professor at Fudan University, the study of plants, especially seeds, became the focus of his life. He often told his students that every seed carried the hope of nature and deserved careful protection. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him ____35____ (brave) the cold weather and great heights. The tough natural environment and long journeys wore him out. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued ____36____ his work unless he was too weak to stand. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants, which greatly enriched the global plant database. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about ____37____ (it) native plant resources in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge ____38____ (collect) of seeds. His love for his job and research ____39____ (live) on in his students. Liu Mei, one of his students said that Professor Zhong was really an extraordinary and ____40____ (inspire) scientist. His perseverance and selfless dedication will always encourage us to stick to our dreams and keep moving forward. 【答案】31. was shaken 32. The 33. actually 34. and 35. to brave 36. with 37. its 38. collection 39. lives  40. inspiring 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍中国植物学家钟扬的生平事迹及其对生物资源保护的贡献。 【31题详解】 句意：2017年9月25日，科学界被中国教授钟扬在车祸中去世的消息所震动。主语“the scientific world”与动词“shake”之间是被动关系，时间状语“On 25 September 2017”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was shaken。 【32题详解】 句意：这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于研究植物和种子，全身心投入到保护全国生物资源的事业中。空格后“well-respected biologist”特指前文提到的钟扬教授，需用定冠词The表示特指，位于句首首字母大写。 【33题详解】 句意：当他年轻时，他实际上对他每天探索的事物表现出了深深的热爱和好奇心。空格处修饰动词“showed”，需用副词作状语，表示“实际上”，actual的副词形式是actually。 【34题详解】 句意：在那里，他对植物产生了兴趣，专注于植物学研究，并掌握了大量的专业知识。空格前“he concentrated on botanical studies”与空格后“he mastered plenty of professional knowledge”是顺承关系，需用连词and连接。 【35题详解】 句意：对他来说，勇敢地面对寒冷天气和高海拔是非常困难的。此处应用“It was+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”句型表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，brave在此处作动词，意为“勇敢面对”，故用to brave。 【36题详解】 句意：他有时会生病，但他总是继续他的工作，除非他虚弱得站不起来。“continue with sth.”是动词短语，意为“继续某事”，with后接名词。 【37题详解】 句意：他们的艰苦工作为世界提供了许多关于中国本土植物资源的新信息。空格后“native plant resources”是名词短语，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，it对应的形容词性物主代词是its。 【38题详解】 句意：钟扬留下的不仅仅是一笔巨大的种子收藏。形容词“huge”后需接名词，且“a”后接单数名词，collect的名词形式是collection。 【39题详解】 句意：他对工作和研究的热爱在他的学生身上延续。主语“His love”是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时，live的第三人称单数形式是lives，live on意为“继续存在、延续”。 【40题详解】 句意：刘梅，他的学生之一，曾说过钟教授真的是一位非凡且鼓舞人心的科学家。空格处与“extraordinary”并列修饰名词“scientist”，需用形容词形式，inspire的形容词形式inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”，符合语境。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30） 第一节（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars. Here is what life could be like. First of all, transport should be much better. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars—it takes a few months. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars! Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air that we need. However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars sucks (吸引) us much less than Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier. There will probably be no school on Mars. Every student will have a computer at home which is connected to the Internet. They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have their own online teacher called “e-teacher”. Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies. However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills (片状物) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill. The spaceship will travel fast but the journey to Mars will __________. 41. How long might it take us to get to Mars by spaceship by 2100? __________________________________________________ 42. How can people on Mars prevent themselves from flying slowly away into space? __________________________________________________ 43. What can the students do in online schools on Mars? __________________________________________________ 44. Why will life on Mars be better than life on Earth? __________________________________________________ 45. Complete the sentence in the last paragraph with the proper words. __________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Two or three days. 42. By wearing special shoes. 43. They can study, do their homework and take exams. 44. Because there will be more space and less work to do. 45. be uncomfortable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了到2100年人类在火星上生活的设想，包括交通、生存需求、重力问题、教育方式以及生活的优缺点等方面。 【41题详解】 根据文章第二段“It might take us two or three days to get to Mars!”可知，我们可能要花两三天才能到达火星。 【42题详解】 根据文章第四段“To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier.”可知，人们可以通过穿特殊的鞋子防止飘向太空。 【43题详解】 根据文章第五段“They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools.”可知，他们可以在网校学习、做作业和参加考试。 【44题详解】 根据文章第六段“People will have more space…Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies.”可知，因为人们会有更多的空间和更少的工作要做。 【45题详解】 根据文章第七段“Also, space travel will make many people feel ill.”可知，虽然飞船速度快，但旅程会让人感觉不舒服，be uncomfortable“不舒服的”，will后接动词原形。 第二节（满分20分） 46. 在科技迅速发展的当下，人形机器人不仅出现在屏幕中，也开始走进我们的生活，科技与人文的融合迈向了新的阶段。你校机器人俱乐部举办“文化宣传机器人”设计展示活动。假如你是俱乐部成员李华，需要向全校同学介绍你设计的机器人，内容需包含以下要点： 1．介绍机器人的外貌； 2．介绍机器人助力校园文化宣传； 3．谈谈你对科技与人文的理解。 要求： 1．词数80-100词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 4．标点正确，书写规范。 Dear students, Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua from the robotics club. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 【答案】 范文： Dear students, Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua from the robotics club. Here is my design. It looks like a friendly student wearing our school uniform. It can speak Chinese and English fluently. Its main task is promoting campus culture. Firstly, it introduces our school history to visitors warmly. Secondly, it guides guests to art exhibitions carefully. It also displays students’ wonderful works on its screen. In my opinion, technology should serve humans effectively. Culture makes technology meaningful and warm. Combining them creates a better future for us. I hope my robot can help spread our beautiful culture widely. Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍机器人外貌、机器人助力校园文化宣传、谈谈对科技与人文的理解 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名与学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开篇问候，自我介绍，引出要介绍自研机器人 主体段：分别介绍机器人外形样貌、机器人宣传校园文化的相关工作 结尾段：阐述自身对科技和人文的看法，表达美好期许 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：机器人外貌 外形描述：looks like a friendly student/wearing our school uniform等 附加特征：can speak Chinese and English fluently/of medium height/big bright eyes/able to talk in different languages等 要点二：机器人助力校园文化宣传 工作内容：introduce our school history to visitors/guide guests to art exhibitions/displays students’ wonderful works on its screen /share traditional stories/show painting works/tell campus culture knowledge等 要点三：对科技与人文的理解 观点原句：technology should serve humans effectively/Culture makes technology meaningful and warm等 内心期许：hope my robot can help spread our beautiful culture widely/tech supports culture development/humanistic ideas enrich high-tech/make tech full of warmth等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $