Unit 4 Space Exploration Words and Expressions 单词讲解 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration词汇，系统梳理astronaut、determine等核心词的词性、派生词及短语，通过词根词缀（如re-前缀）、词义辨析（如frontier/border）构建知识网络，为学生搭建从基础词汇到语境应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过例句对比（如signal/sign辨析）、高考真题语法填空等设计，引导学生分析词汇用法，提升词汇运用能力。教师可借助系统练习高效开展词汇教学，学生能掌握科学学习策略，增强自主学习能力。

Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第三册 By Amber Unit 4 Space Exploration 0.____________n.宇航员→_____________n.天文学 1.____________n.程序；步骤→_________n.过程 v.加工 2._________ adj.精神的；思想的→_________ adv. 精神上；智力上 _________ adj.身体的；物理的→_________ adv. 身体上 身心健康 mental and physical health 3. _________ adj.聪明的;有智力的;智能的→___________ n. 智力；聪明；智能 artificial intelligence 人工智能 /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ IQ 智商 4. __________n.宇宙→____________ adj.普遍的;全世界的 5. _____________ vt.确定；决定→____________ adj.下定决心的，坚定的 →______________ n.决心；决定 procedure process mental mentally physical physically intelligent intelligence universe universal determine determined determination astronaut astronomy 6._____________n.发射;发起;上市 7.____________n.专门机构；代理处→_________n.代理人，代理商；经纪人 a travel agency: 旅行社 8.____________v.传输；发送→____________ n. 传送；传输 9.____________n. 数据 database n.数据库 区分：date n. 日期;约会 /deɪt/ 10.____________adj.失望的→________________ adj.令人失望的 →____________ v. 使失望 →________________ n.失望 11._________n.v. 渴望；欲望 12.________________ 继续做 13.____________adj.独立的；自立→ ____________adj.依赖的 ； →_____________ n.独立；自主 →_________________ n.依赖；依靠 → ____________v.依赖；依靠 launch agency agent transmission transmit data disappointed disappointing disappoint disappointment desire carry on doing independent dependent independence dependence depend 14.____________v. 标志着 ；示意 n.信号 区分 sign /saɪn/ n. 指示牌；符号；迹象; 手势 v. 签名 15. ________vt .回收利用→ _________n.回收利用→ __________ adj.可回收的 16.________ n.缺乏；短缺 v.没有；缺乏→_________ adj. 不足的；缺少的 signal recycle recycling recyclable lack lacking 17.__________ prep. 超出 beyond one’s reach 够不着；超出能力范围 18.__________ adj.当前的；现在的 ; 流行的 n.水流；电流；流行 →__________ adv.目前；当前→__________n.货币 20.__________adj.足够的；充足的→__________ n.充足 21.________adj. 渴望的 22.__________ n.设施[c] →________ v. 促进，使便利 equipment [u]n.设备 23._________n.地球；地球仪→________adj. 全球的 global warming 全球变暖 beyond current currently sufficient sufficiency keen currency facility globe global facilitate 24._________v. 争辩；争论→____________ n.争辩 25._________adj.致命的 →________ n.命运 同义： deadly adj.致命的 26.导致：_________=lead to(doing) =contribute to (doing)=bring about argue argument fatal result in fate 27.__________ n.分析 复数：analyses→ ____________ v.分析/ˈænəlaɪz/ 28.__________ n.监视器； 班长 v.监视；监测 29.__________adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→____________adv.经常；定期地 →_________ adj .不规律的 a regular customer 常客 30._________n.资源;资料 natural resources 自然资源 区：source n.来源 31._________adj.有限的→________ adj.无限的，无尽的 →_________v.限制；n.限制→__________ n. 限制 analysis analyse monitor regular regularly limited limitless limit limitation irregular resource 32._________n.神秘→___________ adj.神秘的 33.________vt.系；绑；贴; 附上→________ adj.喜爱的；附属的 →___________ n.附属物；附件；爱慕 attach great importance/significance to...重视; 认为…重要 34. sth run out (无被动） / sb run out of sth 某人用完某物 35._________n. 氧气 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 /ˌkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ mystery mysterious attach attached attachment oxygen 1. frontier ['frʌntɪə(r)]: n. 边境;国界;边远地区 border: n. 边界; 边境 (多指靠近两国或两地区分界线的区域) boundary n. 分界线，边界 the frontier of science （学科或活动的）尖端，边缘 例：Sophia continue to push the boundaries of what robots can achieve. 索菲亚持续突破机器人能力的极限。 2. gravity Newton's law of gravity 牛顿万有引力定律 grave adj.重大的；严肃的；黯淡的 n. 坟墓 gravely adv.严重地；严肃地；严峻地；沉重地 n. 重力；引力；严重性 【词性变形】 determined adj. 有决心的, 意志坚定的 determination n. 决定, 确定 with determination 坚定地 3. determine vt. 查明; 确定; 决定 a determined look 坚定的眼神 决定去做某事 决定(做)某事 下定决心做某事 determine to do sth. determine on/upon (doing) sth. be determined to do sth. 1. Some scientist were determined __________(assist) humans to raise their dream to explore space. 2._____________to help humans realise their dream to explore space, some scientists devote all their energies to the career. 3. She gave me a _____________ look, saying that he would be admitted into a key university. 4.Helen was a strong girl and she finally achieved her dream with great _____________(determine). 5. I have determined _____ working as a volunteer teacher in the remote village after graduation. Determined determined to assist determination on 发射；发起；上市 ①The enemy launched an attack again._______________ ②The new model will be launched in July._______________ ③China will launch another satellite into space._____________ ④The official launch date is in May._____________ 发起, 发动（活动） （新产品）推出；发行 （航天器）发射 上市，发行 launch a satellite/rocket 发射卫星/火箭 launch a new electric vehicle 推出新电车 launch a campaign 发起运动 launch an attack 发起/进行攻击 4. launch vt.&n. 5.orbit n． (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 ①A new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth.____ ②You should come within his orbit.________ ③The earth take a year to orbit the sun.__________ 轨道 势力范围 环绕……运行 6. giant ['dʒaɪənt]: adj. 巨大的;伟大的 n. 巨人;巨兽;伟人 big: adj. 大的;巨大的; 年龄较大的; 重大的; 严重的 huge: adj. 巨大的;庞大的 large: adj. 大的; 大量的; 大规模的 great: adj. 伟大的: 巨大的; 大的 7. leap 三思而后行 ________________________ 匆忙下结论…; 贸然断定… ________________________ 赶紧站起来 ________________________ look before you leap jump/leap to the conclusion that… leap to one’s feet 2. 当火箭发射升空, 科学家们激动地从椅子上站了起来, 露出了灿烂的微笑。 n. 跳跃; 剧增; 剧变 v. 跳过;跃过 1. Tom跳了起来，脸颊通红，眼神炙热。 As the rocket soared into space, the scientists stood up excitedly from their chairs, wearing radiant smiles. Tom leaped to his feet, with blushing cheeks and burning eyes. leap指心猛地一跳，多因突发情绪句子翻译: 当她在慌张地走在漆黑的森林时，任何小的声音都让她的心猛地一跳。 As she walked through the dark forest, losing her mind, even the smallest sound made her heart leap into throat. 8. mankind n.人类 human    n.    人，人类；    adj.    人的；有人性的； human beings   humanity    n.  人性；人道；人文学科；     man      vt.  操纵；    unmaned aircraft  无人驾驶飞机 humanoid robot 人形机器人 9. transmit vt&vi. 传输，发送 The ceremony was transmitted live by satellite to over fifty countries. (1) transmit sth.(from)...to 把某物(从……)传到…… 传输信息 transmit information (2) transmitter n. 发射台；传播者 (3) transmission n. 传播；发射 典礼通过卫星向五十多个国家进行了实况转播。 10. disappointed adj. 感到失望的 ____________________________ 对某事感到失望 _______________________对某人感到失望 _____________________对做某事感到失望 ____________________令某人失望的是 __________________n. 失望; 沮丧 _______________vt. 使失望 adj. 令人失望的; 令人扫兴的 disappoint disappointment be disappointed at/about sth be disappointed in/with sb. to one’s disappointment be disappointed to do sth. disappointing 1. We were all disappointed _______ the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain. 2. She was disappointed ______ me since I failed to get the master degree. 3.___________ by the ____________ news, Tom sat on the floor in despair. 4. We were greatly disappointed 　　 (know) that she was excluded. at/about in/with Disappointed disappointing to know 令我非常极度失望的是，我父亲总是让我上交我所挣的所有的钱。 ③__________________________，my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned. ④__________________________ was that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned. (what引导的主语从句) To my extreme disappointment What deeply disappointed me 11 . desire n. 渴望; 欲望 vt. 渴望; 期望 desirable adj. 令人满意的; 值得要的 desired adj. 渴望的; 想得到的 desire to do 　　 渴望做…… desire sb. to do 希望某人做…… a desire for sth. 渴望… desire that. . (should) do 希望 (从句中用should do结构) 【归纳拓展】 后跟名词性从句，从句谓语用“（should) do”的动词： 一个“坚持”（insist）； 两道“命令”（order，command）； 四条“建议”（suggest，propose，advise，recommend）； 五点“要求”（demand，desire，request，require，urge）。 1. My sister has a strong desire _____ the latest adaptation of the classic. 2.I had a srong desire ________ (launch) in the freezing water. 3. He always desires 　　　　（earn）more money. 4. They had a desire that I______________ (attend) their wedding. 5. It’s my desire that all the family members _____________ (gather) at least once a year. for to survive to earn (should) gather (should) attend carry out the plan 实施计划 carry on doing sth.(with sth.)= continue doing sth. 继续做某事 carry forward the traditional culture 弘扬传统文化 12. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 (1)People believe in the significance of carry ______ space exploration despite the huge risks. (2)If you carry on ________(work) like that , you will make yourself ill. (3)Their hope helped those people to carry ________ this last difficult test. (4) The parctical regulation will be carried ________ this afternoon at 3:00. out through working on 22 13. on board (P41) It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space. 在宇宙飞船上 在火车上 在船上 在飞机上 黑 板 ◆形近词语 ·broad adj. 宽的；广阔的 ·abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 at home and abroad 在国内外 go abroad 去国外 完成句子/一句多译 (1)(应用文之申请信)I was the first student to __ for further study，so I strongly believe that the job suits me. 我是第一个出国深造的学生，因此我坚信这份工作适合我。 (2)The hurricane was strong and as a result, all the passengers ___________ fell into the river and were drowned to death. 飓风强劲，结果，船上的所有乘客都掉进河里，溺水而亡。 go abroad on board 14.independent [ˌɪndɪˈpendənt] adj.独立的;自立的 depend on/upon... (=lean on =rely on) 依赖/取决于…… be independent of 不依赖……；独立于……之外 (get/gain) independence from 从...（取得）独立 adv.独立地；自立地 n.独立，自主 adj.依赖的，依靠的 vi.依赖，依靠 n.依赖；依靠 independently independence dependent depend dependence 【即学即练】 1. What parents are supposed to do is create a friendly learning environment for kids,and teach them to be a(n) __________ (dependent) learner. 2.Mohandas Gandhi helped gain India's ___________(independent) from Britain. 3. Rover Zhu Rong, a probe(探测器), will perform its tasks __________ (independent) on the surface of Mars. 4. Initial income, __________ (depend) on personal experience, ranges from 2600 to 5000. independent independently independence depending signal [to] sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 traffic signals: 交通信号灯 闯红灯 _____________________ 区分形近词： sign [saɪn]: v. 签署; 签字n. 标志; 迹象; 招牌; 指示牌 sigh [saɪ]: v. 叹息; 叹气 n. 叹息; 叹气 sight [saɪt]: n. 看见; 视力; 视野 15. signal run/jump the red light ①As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled ____ the waiter to bring the menu. ②The policeman signalled the driver _______(stop) his car by raising his hand. ③He stood up，__________(signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his customer. to to stop signalling 28 16. recycle v. n. ___________ 回收利用；循环使用 re- (动词前缀) + cycle (词根) → recycle new adj. 新的→renew v. 使更新；重新开始 place v. 放；置→ replace vt. 取代；放回 move v. 移动→ remove vt. 移开；挪走 use vt. 使用→ reuse vt. 再利用 build v. 建；建造→ rebuild v. 重建 re- + adj. ___________ 可再循环的；可回收利用的 recyclable recycling recycling system 回收系统 【搭配】 __________________ 缺乏; 不足, 不够 17. lack n. 缺乏;匮乏 vt. 没有; 缺乏 adj. 缺乏的;不足的(不用于名词前) 缺乏... (a) lack of lacking be lacking in 因为缺乏… for lack of... （1）The headmaster said that　　 lack of money was a great challenge. （2） This evening newspaper is 　　　　（lack）in analytical articles. （3） My father looks quite tired 　 　 lack of sleep. 　 a lacking for _________(lack) in teaching experience, he don’t know how to make his students engaged in his courses. (2)_________(lack) teaching experience, he don’t know how to make his students engaged in his courses. ①Several research institutions were closed down ___ lack of funds． ②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and ____ lack of exercise． Lacking Lacking for a (1) It is beyond sb why .　使某人无法想象(或理解、做等) (2) beyond words 难以言喻 beyond one's reach 够不着 beyond expectation 出乎意料 beyond control 失去控制 18. beyond prep. 在更远处;超出 =out of 除……之外;非……所能及;晚于,迟于 ①Moved ________ words, he hurried to the spot with the boy. ②I should have told you in advance, but something occurred beyond my ___________ (expect). beyond expectation 19. figure figure out 弄懂; 弄清楚; 弄明白; 计算 carry out 执行，履行 give out 用完,耗尽,分发 make out 看清,听清,理解 pick out 精心挑选，辨别出 set out 出发动身,开始工作 sort out 整理，把…安排好 work out 解决,计算,锻炼身体 try out for 参加选拔 block out 挡住[光线/声音] n．画像；身材；数字；体形；人物　v．估计；计算；认为 keep one's figure 保持体形 a public/political figure 一位公众/政治人物 写出下列句中figure的含义。 ①As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. ②Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation. ③The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been applied by adult scientists. 人物 体型 理解，明白 20. sufficient [səˈfɪʃnt] adj. 足够的；充足的 be sufficient for 对……来说是足够的 be sufficient to do sth. 足够做某事 n. 足够；充分 adv. 足够地；充分地 sufficiency sufficiently enough [ɪˈnʌf]: 足够的;充足的;充分的 abundant [əˈbʌndənt]: 充裕的;丰富的 1) The water in this pond is not sufficient ____ watering the wheat. 2) The following day she felt well to go to work. 3) These reasons are not sufficient ________ (pass) the proposal. for sufficiently to pass 他在学习演奏乐器吗？ 该设备的存在展示了一个令人振奋的新进展。 问题在于要把病人尽快送至医院。 21.facility [fə'sɪləti]: n. 设施;设备（可数） 1). Is he learning an instrument? 2).The exsistence of the equipment showcased an exciting new development.  3).The problem lies in senting patients to a medical facility as soon as  possible.  equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]: n. 设备; 装备(不可数名词) instrument n.器械;仪器;器具;(车辆、机器的)仪器 sports facilities 22. keen [kiːn] adj.热衷的;渴望的，强烈的，敏锐的 be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事 be keen on（doing）sth. 热衷于 表达渴望做某事的短语： be anxious to do sth           be anxious for sth be dying to do sth             be dying for sth       long to do sth                 long for sth be hungry/thirsty to do sth     be hungry/thirsty for sth. 23. argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] vt.&vi.论证;争辩;争论 argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人 争论某事 argue for 为支持……而争辩 argue against 为反对……而争辩；不赞成 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事/ 不做 n. 争论；辩论 adj. 可论证的; 有论据的; 无把握的 argument arguable Tom has been arguing 　　　　 his brother about whether they should hire more people to work for them. Robert argued 　　　 shooting creatures to make profits. Most teachers argued 　　　 an increase in their salaries. My younger sister thinks she can argue her father _____increasing her monthly pocket money. There is still a heated         ___   (argue) among the professors on how to carry out the plan. with against for into argument 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。 ③We tried many ways _____________________________, but in vain.(argue) ④We tried many ways ___________________________, but in vain.(persuade) to persuade him to accept our proposal to argue him into accepting our proposal 24. result in 导致 1. result in + 结果：结果是，导致 The fire result in thirty injured people. 2. result from + 原因：由于，源自 （arise from…） Many hair problems result from what you eat. 3. as a result ：结果，因此 As a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one. 4. as a result of +原因：由于 As a result of the heavy fog, all flights have been delayed. Toby didn't sleep well last night.     ___  __        (由于) lack of sleep, he felt quite sleepy while driving. So his careless driving ___________(导致) a terrible accident. ___________(因此，结果)，a happy family lost their son. Therefore, one must be very cautious while driving, for accidents mostly___________(由……而造成) being absent­minded.   ①I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result ___ a disaster. ②As ___ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. ③Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result _______ doing too much shopping. in a of As a result of resulted in As a result resulted from limit...to... 把…限定在…的范围内 be limited to　 被限制在……　　 set limits/a limit to sth. 对……设置限度 There is a/no limit to... 对……是有限的/……是没有限制的 limited adj.有限制的 unlimited adj. 无限制的 limitless adj. 无限的;无界限的；无止境的 limitation n. 限制；控制 25. limit [ˈlɪmɪt] n.限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定 1. Life is (limit), but there is no limit to (serve) the people. 2. (2024)Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by ________(limit) garbage cans and avoiding disposable plastic. 3.In my opinion，you are suppsed _________ to the expense of your trip to avoid spending money ________. (无限制地) limited serving limiting limitlessly 5. 你必须把文章限制在800字以内。你的文章如果超过字数限制，将不被接受。 You are required to ________________________．If your essay is ______________, it will not be accepted. limit your essay to 800 words beyond the limit to limit 44 21.provide for sb. 提供生活所需 向某人提供某物: provide; supply; offer provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth supply sb. with sth = supply sth to sb. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb Provided/Providing 如果…; 在..条件下 =If Provided/ providing that you finish the daily work, you’ll get 20 yuan per day. 1. The government decided to supply the homeless _________houses. =The government decided to offer houses________the homeless. with to with for for (1)The building provides citizens 　　　　　accessible facilities to facilitate their physical health.  (2)You should provide a qualified witness 　　　　　your application.  (3)My father provide　　　　our family by working in an IT company.  46 23.mystery n. 神秘事物；谜[C] mysterious adj. 神秘的；难解的；不可思议的 1. The disappearance of the painting has been _____ mystery. 2. It is one of the great unsettledd _________ of this century. 3. One interesting and __________ thing about Shengnongjia is its legend of wild men. a mysteries mysterious 24.(sth) run out 用完；耗尽= give out 主语是物，无被动语态 (sb) run out of sth 用完某物= use up 主语是人 偶然遇到;穿过 追求；追赶 跑开；逃走 run into 跑进；撞上 run across run after run away 1）We must take measures quickly because time is running 　　　. 2） He has run out 　　　　 all the energy. 3） He has used 　　　 all the money his parents gave him. 4）After so long a walk, all his strength gave 　　　　 　. 用适当的介词或副词填空 ①The police were running _______ the thief all day. 含义_____________ ②I ran _______  an old friend in the street yesterday. 含义_____________ ③His car ran _______  a tree and caused an accident. 含义____________ ④We are running out _______  our food and water. 含义____________ out of up out after across into of 追赶 偶然遇见 撞上 用光 25.attach [ə'tætʃ] vt.系；绑；贴 attach...to... 把…附在…上, 属于 attach oneself to 依附；参加 be attached to 附属于, 喜欢 attach great importance/significance to. 重视… adj.附着的;依恋的,爱慕的 n.附件；附属品 attached attachment ①Now you can buy a camera that            (attach) to your wrist, ear, bike helmet and eyeglasses. ②This hospital ________ (attach) to the medical college nearby was damaged in the flood． ③Parents should              ____   developing children's good habits in life.（重视） ④Attach a recent photo 　　　 the application form. ⑤The 　　　　 　（attach） of the new engine to the car only took a few minutes. to attached attachment attach great importance/significance to. attachs 单句语法填空 [2020·全国卷Ⅰ] While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach ________ them. [2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Writing a poem of 120 words result ________ disqualification. [2020·江苏高考] It's not what happens to us that ________ (determine) our lives—it's what we make of what happens. to in determines 单句语法填空 [2020·江苏高考]Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack ________ proper treatment. [2019·天津高考]With a broader perspective，we will be more free，more open­minded，and less ________ (limit)in what we can become! of limited 单句语法填空 [2020·江苏高考]Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack ________ proper treatment. [2019·天津高考]With a broader perspective，we will be more free，more open­minded，and less ________ (limit)in what we can become! of limited 单句语法填空 We used to see each other ___________ (regular), but I haven’t heard from him since last year. The police began to pay attention to the __________ (mystery) disappearance of the girl. From the earliest ages, they desire ________ (help) others and participate in achieving common goals. regularly mysterious to help $