选修1 单元测评 Unit 6 Nurturing nature （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

**基本信息** 高中英语一轮复习专项训练，聚焦环保主题阅读理解，融合解题方法与语篇逻辑，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（2篇）|细节题定位原文关键信息，词义题通过上下文语境推断，主旨题抓首尾段核心观点|从现象（海洋噪音/垃圾回收）到影响分析，再到解决方案，形成"问题-影响-措施"逻辑链| |阅读七选五|5题|主题句定位法，上下文衔接词分析法，段落逻辑一致性判断|以可持续旅游为核心，从概念阐释到实践建议，构建"理念-行动-意义"认知框架|

单元测评24　Unit 6　Nurturing nature (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：30分钟　满分： 32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A Have you ever had the feeling that you can't think when there is too much noise around? Did you ever think a fish could experience that feeling too? A recent paper published in Science titled“Soundscape (声景) of the Anthropocene Oceans”， combined over 10，000 scientific papers, confirming that undersea life knows that exact same feeling, more often than not.Anthropogenic (人为的) ocean noise, also known as underwater noise pollution, has created a dramatic impact on marine life due to“human-caused”activity within and neighboring our oceans. Disney Pixar's animated film Finding Nemo educated us about the ocean, and specifically within the ordinary world of a clown fish.A fact many may not know is that clown fish spend the first part of their lives as larvae, drifting with the current of the ocean until they become strong enough to swim against it.Once they are powerful and strong, they head home in sheltered coral reefs.There is only one drawback—the fish can't physically see the reef, but they can hear it.The only problem is, if they can't hear it, will they ever make it home? Our anthropogenic ocean noise, such as cargo ships, ship and boat propellers, surfing, deep sea mining, etc.is causing destruction of marine life.According to Time, sound is the sensory signal that travels the farthest through the ocean.Anthropogenic noise drowns out the natural soundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress.Altogether, this stress then affects their general health, disrupts their behavior, physiology, reproduction and, in extreme cases, causes death.Marine life can adapt to noise pollution, however, only if they can escape it.This only renders further complications of straying (使偏离) species from their traditional breeding regions or separating them from their families. Now, what if we told you there is already a solution? Multiple remedies, ideas and designs are currently in the works or already exist to eliminate and reverse the damage of anthropogenic ocean noise.As Time explains, from wind-powered ships to noise-reducing propellers, floating wind turbines and“bubble curtains”that muffle construction noise, the solutions are already available and in some cases, cost-effective.The authors of the paper hope it will catch the attention of policymakers, who，historically speaking, have ignored the matter still to this day. Of all the challenges ocean creatures are battling；luckily sound pollution is the easiest compromise humans can make.Once the noise has decreased, marine life will be able to better manage everything else it is up against. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人为海洋噪音对海洋生物造成的影响，以及目前存在的解决方案和对未来政策制定者的呼吁。 1．How does anthropogenic ocean noise affect clown fish? A．It improves their reproduction rates. B．It promotes their better development. C．It hinders them from finding their home. D．It causes them to give up their migration in the ocean. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There is only one drawback —the fish can't physically see the reef, but they can hear it.The only problem is, if they can't hear it, will they ever make it home？”可知，人为的海洋噪音会阻碍小丑鱼找到回家的路。故选C项。 2．What does the underlined word“renders”probably mean in paragraph 3? A．leads to B．decides on C．holds back D．results from 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“Marine life can adapt to noise pollution, however, only if they can escape it.This only renders further complications of straying (使偏离) species from their traditional breeding regions or separating them from their families.”可知，海洋生物会因为噪音污染而偏离传统繁殖区域或与家人分离，这是噪音污染带来的结果。由此可推知，画线单词“renders”的意思是“导致”，与选项A 意思接近。故选A项。 3．Which of the following solutions is already available according to paragraph 4? A．The application of relevant laws. B．The use of noise control technology. C．The restriction of human activities. D．The attention of local policymakers. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As Time explains, from wind-powered ships to noise-reducing propellers, floating wind turbines and‘bubble curtains’that muffle construction noise, the solutions are already available and in some cases, cost-effective.”可知，已经有一些噪音控制技术可以用来减少人为的海洋噪音。故选B项。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The beauty of marine ecosystems. B．The urgent need for ocean conservation. C．The impact of climate change on ocean noise. D．The harmful effects of human-generated ocean noise. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段“Anthropogenic (人为的) ocean noise, also known as underwater noise pollution, has created a dramatic impact on marine life due to‘human-caused’activity within and neighboring our oceans.”指出了人为的海洋噪音对海洋生物的影响。文章第二段至第四段通过讲述小丑鱼的例子和海洋生物对噪音的适应性，进一步说明了噪音污染对海洋生物的危害。文章最后一段提出了一些已经存在的解决方案。由此可知，文章主要讲述的是人为产生的海洋噪音的有害影响。故选D项。 B Sweden is so good at recycling that, for several years, it has imported rubbish from other countries so that its recycling plants can function smoothly.Less than 1 percent of Swedish household waste was sent to landfills (垃圾填埋场) last year or any year since 2011. We can only dream of such an effective system in the UK, which is why we end up paying expensive transport costs to send rubbish to be recycled overseas rather than paying fines to send it to landfills under The Landfill Tax of 1996. Why are we sending waste to Sweden? Their system is so far ahead because of a culture of looking after the environment.Sweden was one of the first countries to place a heavy tax on fossil fuels in 1991 and now sources almost half its electricity from renewables. “In Sweden people are quite crazy about being out in nature and they have a clear idea of what needs to be done on nature and environmental problems.We worked on communications for a long time to make people not throw things outdoors so that we can recycle and reuse，”says Anria-Carin Gripwall, director of communications for Avfall Sverige, the Swedish Waste Management's recycling association. Over time, Sweden has carried out a national recycling policy so that even though private companies undertake most of the business of importing and burning waste, the energy goes into a national heating network to heat homes through the freezing Swedish winter.“That's a key reason that we have this district network, so we can use the heating from the waste plants.In the southern part of Europe they don't use the heating from the waste；it just goes out of the chimney.Here we use it as a substitute for fossil fuel，”Ms Gripwall says. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述瑞典回收体系高效，家庭垃圾填埋率极低，还进口他国垃圾，这源于其环保文化、早征化石燃料税及全国性回收政策，且垃圾能源用于供暖。 5．Why has Sweden been importing rubbish from abroad in the past few years? A．To try out its recycling system. B．To keep its recycling plants running. C．To stop rubbish ending up in landfills. D．To make greater profits from rubbish. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Sweden is so good at recycling that, for several years, it has imported rubbish from other countries so that its recycling plants can function smoothly.”可知，瑞典从他国进垃圾是为了让本国的垃圾回收工厂正常。故选B。 6．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sources” in Paragraph 3? A．Consumes. B．Saves. C．Obtains. D．Improves. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Sweden was one of the first countries to place a heavy tax on fossil fuels in 1991”以及后文“almost half its electricity from renewables”可知，瑞典是1991年第一批开始对化石燃料征收重税的国家之一，如今该国近一半的电力供应来自可再生能源，故sources意为“获得”，与obtain同义。故选C。 7．How does Sweden handle the heating from the waste plants? A．By making use of it to heat homes. B．By exchanging it for fossil fuel. C．By selling it to other countries. D．By sending it out from the chimney. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over time, Sweden has carried out...network to heat homes through the freezing Swedish winter.”可知，瑞典人通过回收利用废弃物来为房屋供暖。故选A。 8．What conclusion can be drawn from the text? A．People in Sweden will be fined if they don't have their waste recycled. B．Swedish rarely get close to nature to avoid harming it. C．Waste is imported and burnt mainly by the government in Sweden. D．Swedish have a strong environmental awareness. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“In Sweden people are quite crazy about being out in nature and they have a clear idea of what needs to be done on nature and environmental problems.”可推知，瑞典人的环境意识很强。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Vacations are an essential part of every person's life.Following long seasons of hard work, it is well deserved to get away from busy schedules and enjoy nature. While tourism is good, it has its dark side.Besides emission-based pollution, tourism also contributes heavily to plastic pollution.This kind of pollution can be reduced by advocating for sustainable vacationing.1( ) When it comes to ecotourism, your inspiration for others to take action is equally important. 2( ) If a park says no to feeding wildlife, simply avoid feeding them.Most times, what we interpret as affection for wildlife puts them at risk.If parks allowed every person to feed animals, chances of the animals dying from food poisoning are high. In our efforts to protect nature, we may fail to appreciate other people's cultures.The local communities in the Amazon are a part of the forest's life.When you visit such local communities, you may find them participating in some practices that may seem unfriendly to the ecosystem or wildlife.3( ) Trying to listen and interact with communities opens more doors to bring in change than criticism does. Most people are not sustainability conscious.4( ) We have many ways to be sustainable and one is sharing your ideas.The sustainable option you choose may seem absurd to another person.However, sharing your experience may help others have different perspectives. At the end of the day, sustainable vacationing should help you not only reduce negative environmental impact but also awaken society to such a reality.5( ) However, every small step contributes to a more sustainable world. A．No rule fits all situations concerning this topic. B．The reason for this is that they think it cannot be achieved. C．Protect our lives from potential danger by following regulations. D．The best way to care for nature and wildlife is to follow the rules. E．Instead of being critical, take your time to learn from their practices. F．An ecotourist focuses on protecting nature, culture and social practices. G．The term ecotourism is often used interchangeably with sustainable tourism. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了可持续旅游(或生态旅游)的重要性，提出了一些实践可持续旅游的方法。 1．答案：G 解析：上句提到，通过提倡可持续度假，可以减少这种污染。下句则说，对于生态旅游，你激励他人采取行动同样重要。所以，本段主要讲述生态旅游或可持续旅游的重要性。选项G“生态旅游和可持续旅游这两个术语经常可以互换使用”能够承上启下，既提到了上文中的sustainable vacationing，也引出了下文中的ecotourism。故选G。 2．答案：D 解析：考查段落主题句。下句提到，如果公园禁止喂养野生动物，就不要喂养它们。所以本段主要讲述要遵守规定，保护野生动物。选项D“关心自然和野生动物的最好方法就是遵守规则”能够概括本段主旨。故选D。 3．答案：E 解析：上句说“当你访问这些当地社区时，你可能会发现他们参与了一些可能对生态系统或野生动物不友好的做法”。下文说“试着倾听并与社区互动，比为批评打开更多带来改变的大门。”由此判断，空处内容应与学习当地社区的做法有关，选项E“不要妄加批评，而是花时间去学习他们的做法”符合语境。故选E。 4．答案：B 解析：根据上句“Most people are not sustainability conscious.”和下文“We have many ways to be sustainable and one is sharing your ideas.”可知，空处需要讲述大多数人没有可持续意识的原因。选项B“这是因为他们认为这是无法实现的”能够承接上文，并引出下文提出的实现可持续发展的方法。故选B。 5．答案：A 解析：上句提到“可持续度假不仅应该帮助你减少对环境的负面影响，还应该唤醒社会对这一现实的认识”；结合下句“However, every small step contributes to a more sustainable world.”可知，空处和下句存在一个转折关系，选项A“在这个问题上，没有一成不变的规则”能够与下文形成转折关系，表示虽然可持续旅游没有固定的规则，但每一个小步骤都有助于构建一个更可持续的世界。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $