必修3 单元测评 Unit 6 Disaster and hope （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“灾难与希望”主题，通过阅读理解与完形填空专项训练，系统整合细节定位、推理判断等解题方法，构建“主题引领—题型突破—素养提升”的知识逻辑链。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|7题（A篇3题、B篇4题）|细节题定位原文关键信息，推理题分析隐含逻辑，强化信息筛选与逻辑推断能力|围绕疟疾防治、生态恢复语篇，整合事实信息提取与深层含义解读，提升语言理解与思维品质| |完形填空|15题|语境词义辨析，通过上下文逻辑判断情感与动作，注重语篇连贯与语义衔接|以野火救援叙事为载体，串联词汇运用与语篇理解，培养语言表达与文化意识|

单元测评18　Unit 6　Disaster and hope (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：30分钟　满分： 32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共7个小题，每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A After taking an introductory course in global health last winter, Yashaswi Bista，president of Stanford SupplyHer，was empowered to take action against malaria，a disease that has been claiming hundreds of thousands of lives every year for centuries. Stanford SupplyHer，a student group supporting women's health through art，hosted an event in partnership with the United to Beat Malaria (UBM)campaign，a global grassroots campaign of the UN Foundation, to encourage funding for malaria prevention，treatment and research initiatives at White Plaza last Monday.“Knowing that malaria is especially dangerous to pregnant individuals and children makes advocacy of malaria funding and research essential for our mission，”said Bista. “We in the U．S.need to be aware of the impact of global warming on malaria because less developed countries in other parts of the world are more heavily affected by our emissions，”Bista said.Last year，the U．S.experienced its first local outbreaks of malaria since 2003.Infectious disease experts have warned that climate change will spread malaria and other diseases carried by mosquitoes to areas that were once free of malaria. This summer，after discovering the work of the UBM campaign，Bista met with her congressional representatives to advocate malaria treatment and research.To support continued funding for global malaria programs，Bista wrote to officials in Congress.“It's easy for people to feel like they are powerless to handle issues as big as malaria.But any person can give input to their decision makers on issues as big as these，”wrote Maegan Cross，a senior advocate at the UBM campaign.“By sending messages to your elected officials in support of global health funding，you are making sure your voice is heard.” Bista encouraged students to become involved in initiatives on campus to spread awareness of malaria and other global health issues.“Global health is important to me because there are so many health inequities around the world and health itself is important to living a fulfilling life，”Bista said.“Because there are so many health inequities around the world，I want to raise awareness and help people live fulfilling lives.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Stanford SupplyHer 组织的主席 Yashaswi Bista 为抗击疟疾所采取的一系列行动。 1．What inspired Bista to engage in action against malaria? A．A learning experience. B．A health crisis. C．A grassroots campaign. D．A tabling event. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的“action against malaria”定 位 至 第一段。根据第 一 段中的“After taking an introductory course in global health last winter，Yashaswi Bista...was empowered to take action against malaria”可知，Yashaswi Bista在参加了一门全球健康入门课程后，受到激励，决定采取行动对抗疟疾。由此可知，是一次学习经历激励Bista采取行动对抗疟疾。故选A。 2．What did Bista do to support malaria prevention? A．She organized a charity sale. B．She launched a research project. C．She campaigned for fundraising. D．She budgeted for malaria treatment. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Stanford SupplyHer...hosted an event...to encourage funding for malaria prevention, treatment and research initiatives”可知，Bista所在组织Stanford SupplyHer与UBM组织合作举办活动，呼吁为疟疾的预防、治疗及研究计划提供资金。因此，Bista为资金筹集开展了活动。故选C。 3．What is the message Maegan Cross intends to convey? A．Community voices secure health funding. B．Malaria outbreaks are difficult to prevent. C．The public needs more knowledge about health. D．Individual efforts matter in government decisions. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Maegan Cross所写的内容“It's easy for people to feel like they are powerless...But any person can give input to their decision makers...”和“By sending messages to your elected officials...you are making sure your voice is heard.”可知，面对重大的问题，人们很容易感到无能为力，但每个人都可以就这些重大问题向决策者表达自己的看法，通过向官员发送信息，你能确保自己的呼声被听到。由此推断，Maegan Cross想要传达的信息是个人的努力在政府的决定中很重要。故选D。 B Watching the disastrous fires across southern California，many wonder if the complex, diverse ecosystems of the region can possibly recover from this disaster.The short answer is yes.However, the process is not simple.More recently, it has also become apparent that our rapidly changing climate is changing the stages of recovery, and humans can help the process. Fire is a natural part of ecosystem cycles.After a fire, there is an open parcel of land that, to the human eye, is similar to a wound on the land.To many species, though, it is an opportunity：no competition for resources and no predators (食肉动物).A lack of competition after fire opens a new space in the ecosystem for increased diversity.This new beginning is known as ecological succession (生态演替). Land conditions after a fire depend on the intensity of the fire：how hot it burned and how far it spread.In the early days of ecosystem recovery, burnt landscapes are taken over by strong microorganisms and tough plants.These initial explorers use the nutrients in the soil to allow more plants to expand.After a disaster, the strong plants and young trees that make up the forest's lower layer are often the most noticeable sign of recovery.These typically fast-growing species require a lot of sunlight, and expand in areas where there are no tall trees to shade them out. Animals will not return until plants have returned, and it is typically small animals who return to an area first.Lots of habitat and few predators attract small animals like mice, insects, and birds.Once the small animals have established a stable population and are doing well in the area, predators gradually follow. Though all ecosystems are constantly changing, the sign that an ecosystem has reached a point of “health” is biodiversity.Humans can assist in this process by introducing relevant species to the area through community planting efforts and distribution of beneficial pioneer species.As the threat of climate change continues to hang over us, we must support affected ecosystems in recovery instead of dismissing their natural cycles. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了火灾后生态系统的恢复过程及人类在其中的作用。 4．What do we know about“ecological succession”in paragraph 2? A．It destroys the diversity of species. B．It keeps predators active in the area. C．It leads to fierce competition for resources. D．It creates opportunities for new life to grow. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“To many species ...This new beginning is known as ecological succession (生态演替).”可知，生态演替为新生命的生长创造了机会。故选D。 5．What is the first sign of ecosystem recovery after a fire? A．Large trees growing back. B．Animal species returning. C．The return of fast-growing plants. D．The return of predators to the area. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“After a disaster...and expand in areas where there are no tall trees to shade them out.”可知，火灾后生态系统恢复的第一个迹象是快速生长的植物的回归。故选C。 6．Why are predators the last to return to burned areas? A．They are attracted by human activity. B．They prefer areas with abundant food. C．They need plants to return first for shelter. D．They have to adapt to the dry environment. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Animals will not return until plants have returned...and are doing well in the area, predators gradually follow.”可知，捕食者需要以植物为基础的食物链和栖息地先恢复，小型动物回归并稳定后才会有足够的猎物，因此它们最后返回。捕食者最后一个回归的原因是它们更喜欢食物丰富的地区。故选B。 7．What does the author think of human involvement in ecosystem recovery? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Uninterested. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Humans can assist in this process...instead of dismissing their natural cycles.”可知，作者对人类参与生态系统恢复持支持态度。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(本题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分) As wildfires continued to rage across Southern California, rescuers were working 1 to save not just 2 but also the innocent animals caught in the disaster. Kalyna Fedorowycz, a 16-year-old equestrian (马术骑手), turned up to rescue a horse named Sovereignty, which was 3 by its owner because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck. After finding the horse still at the farm, Kalyna became 4 about it.“We've got to get him out of here，”she said.She could only think of one solution： 5 the horse and leading it to safety. In the now-viral video taken by her father, Fedorowycz was trying to 6 the horse away from the area—sometimes 7 ， other times walking or jogging beside it, while 8 stroking the horse's neck.She remained 9 and patiently led Sovereignty through high winds, clouds of smoke, fallen trees, and more on the 14-mile journey. One TikTok user 10 ，“I don't think most people realize how 11 something like this is.This was so brave, and I have much 12 for you.” Horses and other animals are always in danger when wildfires tear through their habitats.Though many people do their best to save them, the creatures might get so scared that they run away, making 13 attempts difficult.And even if when they survive wildfires, the smoke from these fires can 14 affect their health. Thankfully, Fedorowycz's 15 and care saved Sovereignty. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在南加州野火肆虐期间，16岁的马术骑手Kalyna Fedorowycz如何勇敢地拯救一匹被主人遗弃的马的故事。 1．A.hopelessly B．tirelessly C．randomly D．secretly 答案：B 解析：根据下文“to save”可知，救援人员是在不懈地工作。故选B。 2．A.residents B．foreigners C．athletes D．volunteers 答案：A 解析：根据下文“but also the innocent animals caught in the disaster.”以及常识可知，救援人员是在拯救居民。故选A。 3．A.left behind B．picked out C．taken away D．dressed up 答案：A 解析：根据下文“because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck”可知，这匹马被主人遗弃了。故选A。 4．A.angry B．crazy C．curious D．concerned 答案：D 解析：根据上文“After finding the horse still at the farm”可知，Kalyna变得非常关心这匹马。故选D。 5．A.observing B．selling C．mounting D．raising 答案：C 解析：根据下文“leading it to safety.”可知，Kalyna决定骑上这匹马。故选C。 6．A.alarm B．push C．force D．guide 答案：D 解析：根据下文“sometimes ， other times walking or jogging beside it”可知，Fedorowycz试图引导这匹马离开。故选D。 7．A.lying B．climbing C．riding D．flying 答案：C 解析：根据上文“ the horse”可知，Fedorowycz有时骑马。故选C。 8．A.roughly B．gently C．rapidly D．suddenly 答案：B 解析：根据上文“because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck.”可知，马已经受到了惊吓，所以Fedorowycz轻轻地抚摸着马的脖子。故选B。 9．A.calm B．comforted C．anxious D．upset 答案：A 解析：根据下文“patiently”可知，Fedorowycz保持冷静。故选A。 10．A.suggested B．predicted C．commented D．warned 答案：C 解析：根据上文“One TikTok user”可知，这位用户是在评论。故选C。 11．A.challenging B．interesting C．confusing D．profitable 答案：A 解析：根据下文“attempts difficult”可知，这样的事情具有挑战性。故选A。 12．A.pity B．respect C．care D．curiosity 答案：B 解析：根据上文“This was so brave”可知，这位用户对Fedorowycz表示尊重。故选B。 13．A.exploration B．rebuilding C．training D．rescue 答案：D 解析：根据上文“Though many people do their best to save them, the creatures might get so scared that they run away”可知，救援尝试变得困难。故选D。 14．A.regularly B．positively C．hardly D．seriously 答案：D 解析：根据上文“these fires”可知，烟雾会严重影响它们的健康。故选D。 15．A.generosity B．pride C．determination D．admiration 答案：C 解析：根据上文“After finding the horse still at the farm, Kalyna became about it.”可知，Fedorowycz的决心拯救了这匹马。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $