必修2 单元测评 Unit 6 Earth first （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

**基本信息** 本专项聚焦环保主题，通过8篇阅读理解与5道七选五题，系统训练细节定位、推理判断等阅读策略，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A篇|4题|代词指代题定位前文内容；细节理解题锁定关键信息；推理判断题分析行为动机|以环保行动为主线，呈现问题发现-个人行动-组织建立-全球影响的逻辑链| |阅读理解B篇|4题|标题归纳题抓核心矛盾；推理判断题关联化学物质特性与健康风险|围绕环保替代品争议，构建"问题提出-实验验证-结论建议"的说明文框架| |阅读七选五|5题|段落衔接题关注因果关系；主题句提炼题概括段落核心|以冬季植物养护为主题，形成"问题分析-解决方案-环境优化"的问题解决逻辑|

单元测评12　Unit 6　Earth first (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：30分钟　满分：32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A In the summer of 2015, Emily Parker, a young environmental enthusiast, traveled to the coast of California with her family to enjoy a relaxing beach vacation.She was excited to spend time by the ocean, swimming and basking in the sun.However, as she walked along the shore, she was astonished to see piles of plastic bottles, broken fishing nets, and discarded wrappers along the sand.The once beautiful beach was now littered with trash, and this made Emily's heart sink. Emily had always cared about the environment, but seeing the pollution up close made her realize just how serious the problem had become.It was not only ruining her vacation but also endangering the marine life she loved.She thought of the turtles that might mistake plastic for food, or the seabirds that could get trapped in the nets.She knew she had to do something about it. After returning home, Emily decided to take action.She began volunteering at local beach cleanups every weekend, picking up trash and raising awareness about the dangers of ocean pollution.She encouraged her friends, family, and classmates to join her, and soon, a small group of dedicated volunteers formed.They organized monthly cleanups and started educating the community about reducing plastic waste. But Emily didn't stop there.Realizing that the problem was far too big for just a small group to handle, she created a non-profit organization called“Ocean's Hope”．The organization's mission was to raise awareness about plastic pollution, organize global beach cleanups, and collaborate with businesses to reduce plastic packaging.Emily's passion for the ocean grew stronger, and she worked tirelessly to inspire others. By 2020，“Ocean's Hope”had become a global movement.Volunteers from all over the world participated in cleanups, and companies began adopting more sustainable practices.Emily's dream of a cleaner, safer ocean was becoming a reality. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的环保爱好者艾米丽·帕克在加利福尼亚海岸度假时，目睹海滩污染后，从个人参与海滩清理，到成立非营利组织“海洋的希望”，最终使其发展为全球运动，逐步实现让海洋更清洁、更安全的梦想的故事。 1．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 probably refer to? A．The endangered wildlife. B．Emily's expectation. C．The beach's transformation. D．The weather conditions. 答案：C 解析：代词指代题。根据第一段中“However, as she walked along the shore, she was astonished to see piles of plastic bottles, broken fishing nets, and discarded wrappers along the sand.The once beautiful beach was now littered with trash, and this made Emily's heart sink.”可知，“this”指代的是前文描述的海滩从美丽到布满垃圾的转变。故选C。 2．What led Emily to take action? A．Her love for rare sea animals. B．The desire to enjoy her vacation. C．Her family's concern for marine life. D．The realization of pollution's impact. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Emily had always cared about the environment, but seeing the pollution up close made her realize just how serious the problem had become.It was not only ruining her vacation but also endangering the marine life she loved.”可知，是意识到污染的严重影响让艾米丽决定采取行动。故选D。 3．What did Emily do to get others involved? A．She sought advice from experts. B．She motivated those around her. C．She created a profitable organization. D．She traveled abroad to give speeches. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“She encouraged her friends, family, and classmates to join her, and soon, a small group of dedicated volunteers formed.”可知，艾米丽通过激励身边的人来让他们参与进来。故选B。 4．Which words can best describe the personality of Emily? A．Ambitious and strong-willed. B．Committed and open-minded. C．Generous and well-educated. D．Determined and hard-hearted. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段中“But Emily didn't stop there.Realizing that the problem was far too big for just a small group to handle, she created a non-profit organization called‘Ocean's Hope.’”以及最后一段中“By 2020，‘Ocean's Hope’had become a global movement...Emily's dream of a cleaner, safer ocean was becoming a reality.”可知，艾米丽是一个有雄心壮志且意志坚强的人，她不仅自己行动，还激励他人，最终将保护海洋的行动发展成了全球运动。故选A。 B Companies have been switching from plastic straws to paper ones on the grounds of being more environmentally friendly.However, new research suggests the good-intentioned trend might not be the best alternative after all. The study found the vast majority of paper straws tested contained PFAS.Commonly referred to as “forever chemicals”，PFAS don't break down in the body or in the environment. “Straws made from plant-based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic，”said Thimo Groffen, author of the study.“However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that's not necessarily true.” Researchers on the study examined 39 brands of straws in Belgium from supermarkets, toy stores, fast-food chains, drug stores and e-commerce stores.The straws were either made of paper, bamboo，glass, stainless steel or plastic, and the researchers tested each brand for concentrations of PFAS.69% of the brands contained PFAS, with paper straws more likely to contain the chemicals.The researchers found 90% of paper straws had PFAS, compared to 80% of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straws, and 40% of glass straws.Further, a paper straw brand was the brand with the highest PFAS concentration. Small amounts of PFAS do not pose a risk.However, a build-up of the chemicals in the body may cause dangerous health problems like liver damage, increased blood. “The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable (可生物降解的)，”said Groffen.“We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws at all.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见。 5．Why do companies show a preference for paper straws? A．They are considered more economical. B．They are considered less harmful to the environment. C．They are considered more beneficial to health. D．They are considered easier to produce. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Companies have been switching from plastic straws to paper ones on the grounds of being more environmentally friendly.”可知，公司现在从生产塑料吸管转变到纸吸管是基于其更加的环保，即纸吸管被认为对环境的危害较小。故选B。 6．What can we know about PFAS from the text? A．They exist the least in plastic straws. B．They protect our health effectively. C．They are basic materials for straws. D．They are a potential threat to human health. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found the vast majority of paper straws tested contained PFAS.Commonly referred to as“forever chemicals”，PFAS don't break down in the body or in the environment.”可知，PFAS是一种合成化学物质，通常是指有害的“永久化学物质”，它在人体内和自然环境中都不会分解；再结合倒数第二段“Small amounts of PFAS do not pose a risk.However, a build-up of the chemicals in the body may cause dangerous health problems like liver damage, increased blood.”可知，尽管少量的PFAS不会造成危险，但人体内PFAS的累积会带来严重的健康威胁；由此判断，PFAS对人类健康是个潜在威胁。故选D。 7．What does Groffen probably agree with? A．Paper straws will become more popular. B．We should use glass straws more often. C．We'd better drink without using straws. D．Stainless steel straws should be avoided. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable (可生物降解的)，’said Groffen.‘We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws at all.’”可推知，Groffen会赞同消费者使用不锈钢吸管或者干脆避免使用吸管。故选C。 8．Which of the following serves as the best title? A．Paper straws are more likely to contain forever chemicals B．Paper straws have entirely taken the place of plastic straws C．Paper straws have caused dangerous, health problems to humans D．Paper straws will become the best alternative for us in the future 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。根据前两段可知，纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见；再结合下文内容可知，本文主要阐述作为塑料吸管环保替代品的纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质，A选项“Paper straws are more likely to contain forever chemicals (纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) If you've been feeling a little pale and dried out，imagine how your houseplants feel in winter.While the sun streams in through windows all summer long，during winter it's all shadows and drafts.1( ).Here are the four ways you can make them happier. Adjust the light.Not only is the sun lower in the sky，but it's also available for fewer hours in the day.To guarantee your plants are getting enough vitamin D，you can try moving them closer to southern-facing windows.2( ). Plant lights can ensure that your plant gets enough light where it needs it. Slow down the watering.I know that watering feels like the way in which we give plants love，but it is also the way in which we drown them.Too much water results in root rot.Ideally you want to water only so much that the soil is damp，but not wet，when you stick your finger into the soil a few inches down.3( )． Dust your leaves.If you love your plants，you'll tend to their leaves by dusting them.Plants absorb nutrients from the air through their leaves.4( ).In this case，spray them with water and wipe them with a cloth.If you're seeing leaf issues，such as all the leaves dropping，that can be a sign of over or under watering. 5( ).Your plants enjoy the same conditions as you do.They don't enjoy hot or cold air，as either will dry them out.Each houseplant has specific needs，whether full sun，partial sun，partial shade or full shade，and you should keep needs in mind when providing sun exposure through the day. A．Avoid unfavorable factors B．Create a welcoming environment C．And their “tiny holes” can get blocked by dust D．It should have time to dry out in between watering E．As a result，your plants may be looking a little dull F．But ultimately you may need some man-made assistance G．You should be careful about watering the root，as it requires more water 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冬天如何照顾植物。 1．答案：E 解析：根据空前内容可知，如果你一直感觉光线有点暗和干燥，想象一下你的室内植物在冬天什么感觉。整个夏天，阳光都从窗户照进来，而在冬天，只有阴冷和穿堂风。空格后句提到，这里有四种方法可以让它们更快乐。E项“因此，你的植物可能看起来有点无精打采”承接上文，指出冬天的环境对植物的影响，并引出下文的解决方法。故选E。 2．答案：F 解析：空前讲到，调整光线，不但天空中的太阳更低，而且一天中的日照时间更短。为了保证你的植物获得足够的维生素D, 你可以试着把它们移到朝南的窗户附近。空后讲到，植物灯可以确保你的植物在需要光线的地方得到足够的光线。F项“但最终你可能需要一些人为的帮助”中的“人为的帮助”指的就是后文的植物灯，符合语境，故选F。 3．答案：D 解析：根据本段的首句“Slow down the watering.”可知本段主要介绍放慢浇水的速度。故D项“在两次浇水之间应该有时间让它变干”符合语境。 4．答案：C 解析：本段首句讲到掸去树叶上的灰尘。空格前文提到叶子帮助植物吸收空气中的养分。空格后文说在这种情况下，用水喷洒并用布擦拭叶子。故C项“它们的‘小洞’会被灰尘堵塞”解释了为什么要擦拭叶子——因为灰尘会堵塞叶子上吸收养分的小孔，从而影响植物吸收养分。且C项中的dust为原词复现。故选C。 5．答案：B 解析：设空处后文说植物和人喜欢一样的环境，它们不喜欢热或冷空气，因为这会使它们变干，还提到每种植物有特定的需求。B项“营造一个舒适的环境”概括了该段内容，符合语境。且B项中的environment 对应后文的conditions。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $