必修1 单元测评 Unit 2 Exploring English （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读理解与七选五题型，通过典例系统提炼细节定位、推理判断等解题方法，构建“概念定义-对比分析-逻辑应用”的知识逻辑链，提升语言理解与思维推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|4题|推理判断题抓定义特征、细节题定位原文、标题题归纳主旨|先定义gratitude两种类型，再对比appreciation，形成概念区分逻辑| |阅读理解B|4题|词义猜测题结合上下文、主旨题梳理说明对象|以语义饱和现象为核心，按“定义-成因-应用”展开说明逻辑| |阅读七选五|5题|上下文呼应（如Younger与older）、段落主题一致|从代际友谊现象入手，分析双方受益，构建双向价值逻辑|

单元测评2　Unit 2　Exploring English (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：30分钟　满分：32.5 分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A Philosopher Tony Manela is among the philosophers who believe that the single word“gratitude”actually refers to two ideas.The first is“prepositional gratitude”—gratitude to someone for doing something.For example，you might be grateful to a firefighter for saving your life or to your friend for watching your dog while you're away.The second is“propositional gratitude”—a more abstract gratitude for the fact that things are the way they are.On Thanksgiving，when families sit around the table so that everyone can share something for which they're grateful，the tendency is toward the second kind of gratitude. Most of the time，the first sort of gratitude is actually better described as appreciation.Appreciation involves grasping the importance of something，or fully experiencing the value of it.After your first trip abroad，you might appreciate the virtues of your own country.Appreciation usually has an element of enjoyment.By taking a class，you can learn to appreciate opera.After gaining weight in midlife，you might learn to appreciate exercise，in the sense of actually liking it，finally. But showing appreciation can be very difficult.Suppose that，when it's your turn to give thanks，you describe an instance of prepositional gratitude：“This year，I'm grateful to my wife for everything she's done for our new baby daughter.”That seems straightforward enough.But，actually，this kind of gratitude is very odd.Should you be the one feeling grateful for what your wife does for your daughter? By expressing appreciation，you might seem to be holding yourself out as the head of a family business.It could be more accurate to simply appreciate that your wife is a great parent. There's also the matter of whether it makes sense to feel grateful to people for doing what they are going to do anyway.If your wife tells you that she is grateful for how you have treated your kids，you might find it odd.Does she expect you to treat them less well? 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“感激”(gratitude)的两种类型，分析了gratitude与appreciation之间的区别和用法。 1．“Propositional gratitude”should be given when ． A．you receive a gift from a friend B．your parents pay for your education C．your math teacher helps you solve a problem D．farmers thank dragons for a very good harvest 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“The second is‘propositional gratitude’—a more abstract gratitude for the fact that things are the way they are.”可知，命题型感恩是对事物状态的一种抽象感恩，它不针对具体的人或行为，而是对事物本身的一种感激。在选项D中，农民对龙带来的丰收表示感恩，这是一种对事物本身的状态的感恩，符合“命题感恩”的定义。故选D。 2．What is usually associated with “appreciation”？ A．Expensive things. B．An element of pleasure. C．Something abstract. D．Personal responsibilities. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Appreciation usually has an element of enjoyment.”可知，“appreciation”通常与“一种愉悦的元素”有关。故选B。 3．How are the last two paragraphs mainly developed? A．By comparing. B．By reasoning. C．By quoting famous men. D．By listing examples. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Suppose that...this kind of gratitude is very odd.”和第四段中“If your wife tells you that she is grateful for how you have treated your kids，you might find it odd.Does she expect you to treat them less well？”可知，最后两段主要是通过举例来展开的。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Philosopher's Opinion on Gratitude B．The Necessity of Being Grateful to Others C．A Comparison of “Gratitude” and “Appreciation” D．Proper Ways to Show Gratitude to Family Members 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Philosopher Tony Manela is among the philosophers who believe that the single word‘gratitude’actually refers to two ideas.”和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了gratitude和appreciation之间的区别和用法。由此可知，选项C“‘gratitude’和‘appreciation’的比较”是合适的标题。故选C。 B Do you ever find yourself repeating a specific word in your head over and over until the word suddenly makes no sense to you and you wonder why it's a word at all? This is just one of the many odd things our brains do to us，and it's a pretty funny experience when it happens. This phenomenon is known as semantic satiation (语义饱和) and it causes us to perceive a real word as meaningless sounds.Sometimes that loss of meaning can be a pain，sometimes it can be useful，and sometimes it can even be unforgettably beautiful. Semantic satiation occurs when a word is repeated over and over again until the word begins to lose its meaning to the listener.The term was first coined in 1962，but research surrounding the phenomenon dates from the early 20th century.There are multiple theories as to why semantic satiation occurs.One is that the repeated use of a neural pathway associated with a word impacts response times，leading to the loss of meaning.Another theory is that tiredness causes the connection between words and meaning to get disordered. More recently，researchers have used neural networking simulations (模拟)to try to identify why the phenomenon happens and another set of researchers have found that semantic satiation delays facial expression processing.In other words，there isn't an agreement as to why semantic satiation happens. Studies looking at semantic satiation have typically involved the repetition of a word up to 30 times，with semantic satiation，in some cases，appearing after seven to nine repetitions.Some words used during these studies have been as short as four letters，but others have been much longer. Sometimes，losing the meaning of a word can actually be helpful.Judy Ravin of Accents International uses semantic satiation to help English language learners focus more on how the muscles need to move in order to make the sounds required，rather than the meaning of a particular word.“A word in itself doesn't actually have meaning.A word is a symbol for something，so，when we can move away from the meaning and just think about sound production，the physiology，it's helpful.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了语义饱和现象，包括其定义、发生原因、对它的研究及其在实际中的应用。 5．What can we learn about semantic satiation? A．It has its origin in money. B．It is most likely to be painful. C．It arises as a word is repeated enough times. D．It's one of the few tricks our brain plays on us. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Semantic satiation occurs when a word is repeated over and over again until the word begins to lose its meaning to the listener.”可知，语义饱和是在一个词被重复足够多次时出现的。故选C。 6．What does the word“coined”in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Created. B．Saved. C．Earned. D．Collected. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文“but research surrounding the phenomenon dates from the early 20th century”可知，此处是在介绍这个术语的起源，由此可知，语义饱和这个术语应该是在1962年被首次创造出来的，所以“coined”的意思应该是“被创造”。故选A。 7．How does Judy Ravin help English learners? A．By strengthening muscles physically. B．By emphasizing learning words basically. C．By combining the meaning and sound organically. D．By concentrating on pronouncing words physiologically. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Judy Ravin利用语义饱和来帮助英语学习者更多地关注肌肉如何运动才能发出所需的声音，而不是关注某个特定单词的意义。她认为一个单词本身并没有意义，而是代表某种事物的符号，所以，当我们能够抛开意义，只考虑声音的产生，即生理机能时，这是有帮助的。据此可知，Judy Ravin通过从生理上集中练习单词发音来帮助英语学习者。故选D。 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Who are suffering from semantic satiation. B．What kind of semantic satiation is beneficial. C．Why semantic satiation makes a word meaningless. D．How semantic satiation influences our facial expression. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章脉络可知，作者先用生活中的现象引出语义饱和的概念及其基本解释，随后，文章探讨了语义饱和发生的多种可能的原因，以及一些相关的研究发现。因此C项“为什么语义饱和会使一个单词失去意义”符合题意。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) When you think of your closest friends，who will come to your mind? Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child.Regardless of how you met these people，they most likely have one key thing in common：1( ) A 2023 study found that，for those aged 21 to 30，over 80 percent in their social circles were born within five years of them.Moreover，nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them. Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness.These limitations also keep us from other generations' mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection.2( ) Of course，the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years. A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it.3( ) Dawn Carr，a sociology professor，said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology，for instance—their younger friends offered.4( ) Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”． 5( ) Lila，aged 75，was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression，for which the young was grateful.Also，older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like.If someone's parents are the only older people they know well，they might fail to picture other possibilities.A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint. A．You befriend those who live around. B．They're all roughly the same age as you. C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas. D．Brought closer，both see more than one benefit. E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves. F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today. G．Indeed，intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了老年人和年轻人交朋友时双方都会得到好处。 1．答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“they most likely have one key thing in common” 和下文中的 “...were born within five years of them.” 可知，空处主要说明亲密的朋友的共同点是什么——这些人都与自己的年纪接近。B 项 “他们都和你差不多大。” 符合语境，故选B。 2．答案：E 解析：根据下文中的 “Of course，the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.” 可知，老年人朋友会让人了解未来。E 项 “年轻人朋友可以让人想起过去的自己。”符合语境，其中的Younger 呼应了下文中的older，past呼应了下文中的the coming years。故选E。 3．答案：D 解析：根据下文 “...most older people get much from practical help—with new technology，for instance—their younger friends offered.” 以及 “Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to ‘act their age’．” 可知，空处主要说明老年人和年轻人在相处时都会得到好处。D 项 “距离一旦拉近，两者都看到了不止一个好处。” 符合语境。下文中的 get much from practical help和takes off their pressure 解释了D 项中的 more than one benefit。故选D。 4．答案：C 解析：根据下文 “Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to‘act their age’．” 可知，年纪大的人和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，会减轻心理压力，因此空处应提及心理层面的受益。C项 “其他人可能会从接触新想法中找到乐趣。” 引出下文，符合语境，故选C。 5．答案：G 解析：文章的前面几段说的是在与年轻人交朋友时，老年人会得到的好处。根据下文中的 “Lila，aged 75，was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression，for which the young was grateful.” 和 “A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.” 可知，本段说明了年轻人在和老年人相处时也会得到好处。G项 “其实，代际关系从来不是单行道。” 符合语境，故选G。 学生用书第22页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $