期末复习资料·第二阶段：语法专项训练2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

答案与解析 专项一 一般将来时 核心考点：将来用法 1. will：临时决定、承诺、意愿；2. be going to：有迹象、提前计划；3. 现在进行时：既定出行安排；4. be about to：即刻马上发生；5. 一般现在时：客观时刻表。 A组 基础语境填空 1. is going to rain 解析：Look! 为视觉迹象提示，有明显即将发生的天气征兆，固定使用 be going to。 2. am going to visit 解析：提前订好车票，属于事先规划好的行程，非临时决定，用 be going to。 3. is playing解析：问句询问当下人所在动作，用现在进行时表示将来发生的行为。 4. is about to start 解析：Hurry up! 暗示动作马上、即刻发生，be about to 专表“即刻将来”。 5. flies 解析：飞机班次属于固定时刻表、客观规则，用一般现在时表将来。 6. will open 解析：听到门铃瞬间临时做出的举动，无提前计划，只能用 will。 7. are going to have 解析：题干说明已筹备好一切，是提前规划的活动，用 be going to。 8. will keep 解析：promise（承诺、许诺）属于主观意愿，固定搭配 will+动词原形。 9. will take 解析：in+一段时间表示“多久之后”，纯将来描述，不属于固定时刻表，统一用 will。 10. is moving 解析：下月搬家是个人已定、不会更改的安排，现在进行时可表既定将来计划。 B组 句型转换 11. They aren’t going to watch a football match tonight. 解析：be going to 句型变否定，直接在be动词后加 not，其余结构不变。 12. When will your sister learn to play the piano? 解析：划线部分为将来时间，用 when 提问；疑问句助动词 will 前置，第一人称 my 对应改为第二人称 your。 13. What will you do if it is sunny tomorrow? 解析：原句划线为条件状语，并非时间，不能用when提问，需用what对主句动作提问，是期末高频易错考点。 14. How soon will the meeting start? 解析：in+一段时间表“将来一段时间后”，固定搭配 How soon 提问。 15. I will go to bed as soon as I finish my homework. 解析：主句为将来时态（will + 动词原形），as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，必须用一般现在时表将来，从句中绝对不能出现 will。 C组 单项选择 16. A解析：现在进行时表既定出行安排；be about to 表即刻发生，不与时间段、目的状语连用，故排除。 17. B 解析：just now（刚才）是一般过去时标志词，谓语动词用过去式 said。 18. C 解析：临时主动提供帮助，无提前计划，用 will；be going to 仅用于预先规划的事情。 19. D 解析：列车、公交等公共时刻表，属于客观规定，固定用一般现在时表将来。 20. B解析：will 用于表达个人决心、郑重承诺，贴合语境“这是我的保证”。 21. C 解析：if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时 study。 专项二 一般过去时被动语态 核心公式：was/were + 过去分词；单数/不可数名词用 was，复数名词用 were；短语动词被动不拆分，无被动动词无被动形式。 A组 动词填空 1. was built 解析：主语bridge为单数，1990为过去时间，build不规则过去分词为built，用一般过去时被动。 2. were sent 解析：主语letters为复数，信件是被寄出，send不规则分词sent，复数被动用were。 3. were looked after 解析：主语children为复数，孩子被照顾，短语动词被动形式整体保留。 4. was given 解析：主语speech为单数，演讲被发表，give不规则分词given。 5. was finished 解析：homework为不可数名词，作业被完成，规则变化finished。 6. were bought 解析：主语books为复数，书籍被采购，buy不规则分词bought。 7. was broken 解析：主语window单数，窗户被打破，break不规则分词broken。 8. was invited 解析：主语he为单数，他被邀请参加聚会，过去被动。 9. was cleaned 解析：教室为单数，被学生打扫，过去被动规则变化。 10. were taken 解析：photos为复数，照片被拍摄，take不规则分词taken。 B组 主动被动互换 11. Some young trees were planted in the park last spring. 解析：主动变被动，宾语trees变主语，复数用were，plant过去分词planted。 12. The work wasn’t finished on time yesterday. 解析：否定句变被动，work不可数，用wasn’t，主动宾语变主语。 13. Who was the storybook written by? 解析：划线部分为人，用who提问，被动语序保持陈述结构。 14. This museum was built many years ago. 解析：宾语museum变主语，单数用was built，省略泛指people。 15. What was the boy made to do by his parents? 解析：划线为动作内容，用what提问，被动语态中make需还原不定式to。 C组 单项选择 16. B 解析：冬奥会是复数赛事，且为过去举办，被动语态用were held。 17. A 解析：take place（发生）属于无被动动词，直接用过去式took place。 18. D解析：小女孩是被救助，主语单数，一般过去时被动was saved。 19. B 解析：书籍被翻译，主语单数，过去被动was translated。 20. D 解析：主语she被邀请唱歌，过去被动结构was asked。 21. C 解析：taste感官动词无被动，主动表被动；商品售卖是被动动作，用was sold。 专项三 情态动词 + 动词不定式 核心考点：情态动词后接动词原形；不定式固定搭配；mustn’t（严禁）/needn’t（不必）/should（建议）精准辨析。 A组 语境填空 1. should / must 解析：学生课堂认真听讲，是建议/规定要求，两者均可。 2. mustn’t 解析：马路踢球极度危险，属于明令禁止行为。 3. May / Can 解析：礼貌请求借用物品，用许可类情态动词。 4. don’t need to 解析：后文说明可以明天做，因此今天不必完成。 5. should / must 解析：保护环境是责任与义务，可用建议或强制语气。 6. should / must 解析：医院需要保持安静，属于公共规则要求。 7. need to 解析：每天练习口语是个人需要做的学习任务。 8. mustn’t 解析：超速违反交通规则，属于严禁行为。 9. must 解析：灯亮着，做出肯定推测“一定在办公室”。 10. don’t need to 解析：后文说明可以自理，因此不必担心。 B组 动词填空 11. help 解析：should为情态动词，后接动词原形。 12. to worry 解析：固定搭配 don’t need to do sth. 不必做某事。 13. not to play 解析：固定结构 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。 14. get 解析：must情态动词，后接动词原形。 15. to practice 解析：固定搭配 need to do sth. 需要做某事。 16. waste 解析：mustn’t后接动词原形，禁止做某事。 17. to be 解析：固定结构 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事。 18. ask 解析：can情态动词，后接动词原形。 C组 单项选择 19. B 解析：May I... 礼貌请求许可，否定回答用mustn’t，表示“不可以、禁止”。 20. A 解析：酒驾是法律明文禁止行为，用mustn’t。 21. C 解析：Must I... 提问，否定回答固定用needn’t（不必），不用mustn’t。 22. D解析：灯灭了，做出否定推测“不可能在家”，can’t表否定推测。 23. B 解析：tell sb. not to do sth. 为固定不定式否定结构。 24. A 解析：遇到困难不要轻易放弃，属于学习建议，用shouldn’t（不应该）；mustn’t用于违法违规的严禁行为，不适用此处。 专项四 宾语从句 核心三原则：正确选用引导词、从句必须陈述语序、时态前后一致；客观真理永远用一般现在时。 A组 引导词填空 1. that 解析：陈述句变宾语从句，语意完整，用that引导，可省略。 2. when 解析：询问对方回来的时间，用时间引导词when。 3. why 解析：疑惑再次迟到的原因，用原因引导词why。 4. if / whether 解析：询问是否完成作业，表不确定疑问。 5. where 解析：询问居住地点，用地点引导词where。 6. who / whom 解析：询问谈话的对象，用人称引导词。 7. whether 解析：固定搭配 whether...or not，不可用if。 8. what 解析：询问购买的物品，作宾语成分用what。 9. how 解析：询问方式、路线，用how表“如何、怎样”。 10. that 解析：陈述句观点，语意完整，用that引导从句。 B组 单句改错 11. I want to know when the train will arrive. 解析：宾语从句必须用陈述语序，去掉疑问倒装结构。 12. Do you know where he comes from? 解析：从句改为主语在前、谓语在后的陈述语序。 13. She asked me what I was doing at that time. 解析：主句为一般过去时，从句时态倒退，一般现在时改为过去进行时。 14. I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 解析：if表“是否”，tomorrow表将来，从句用一般将来时。 15. He asked me if / whether I could help him. 解析：原句表疑问不确定，不能用that，需换为if/whether。 C组 句型合并 16. I want to know if / whether he likes playing basketball. 解析：一般疑问句变宾语从句，用if/whether引导，从句改为陈述语序。 17. Can you tell me where she works? 解析：特殊疑问句变从句，疑问词保留，从句用陈述语序。 18. Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 解析：客观真理，无论主句什么时态，从句永远用一般现在时。 19. I don’t know what you are looking for. 解析：特殊疑问词引导从句，调整为陈述语序。 20. He asks me if / whether I will go to Beijing next week. 解析：一般疑问句改从句，用if/whether引导，将来时态保留。 D组 单项选择 21. D 解析：宾语从句必须陈述语序，将来动作用will。 22. B 解析：委婉问句，从句用一般现在时+陈述语序。 23. A解析：if表“是否”，询问过往经历。 24. D 解析：客观真理，永远用一般现在时。 25. B 解析：I don’t think that... 为固定宾语从句句式。 26. C 解析：询问迟到的原因，用why引导从句。 专项五 条件状语从句（if / unless） 核心规则：主将从现；unless = if...not；区分if两种句法身份：条件从句（主将从现）、宾语从句（时态随语境）。 A组 动词填空 1. rains 解析：if条件从句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时。 2. get解析：unless引导条件从句，遵循主将从现。 3. comes 解析：条件状语从句，从句一般现在时。 4. won’t go 解析：主句为将来时态，表否定动作。 5. finish解析：if条件从句，主将从现。 6. knocks 解析：条件从句，单数主语谓语三单变化。 7. works 解析：主将从现，主语三单，动词变形。 8. try 解析：unless条件从句，从句用一般现在时。 B组 句型互换 9. You will fail the exam unless you study hard. 解析：unless=if...not，将if否定句替换为unless肯定句。 10. If you don’t help me, I can’t finish it on time. 解析：unless句式转换为if否定条件句，语义一致。 11. You will catch a cold unless you wear warm clothes. 解析：if否定条件句与unless肯定句互换，考点一致。 12. If it doesn’t stop raining, we can’t play outside. 解析：unless句式等价替换为if...not条件句。 C组 if双重身份辨析 13. will come 解析：宾语从句，tomorrow表将来，用将来时。 14. comes 解析：条件状语从句，严格主将从现。 15. will join 解析：宾语从句，this weekend表将来，用将来时。 16. join 解析：条件状语从句，主将从现。 D组 单项选择 17. B 解析：unless意为“除非、如果不”，贴合“不努力就不及格”语境。 18. A 解析：if条件从句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时am。 19. D 解析：第一空if表“是否”（宾语从句用将来时），第二空if表“如果”（条件从句用现在时）。 20. B 解析：unless除非打车，否则赶不上飞机，符合句意。 21. C 解析：unless除非有钥匙，否则无法进入房间。 专项六 感官动词 核心考点：感官动词无被动、无进行时；后接形容词作表语；feel like doing sth. 固定搭配。 A组 感官动词填空 1. sounds 解析：music不可数，感官动词三单变化，听起来优美。 2. smell 解析：flowers复数，谓语动词用原形，闻起来很香。 3. looks 解析：she为三单，看起来开心。 4. tastes 解析：food不可数，三单，尝起来美味。 5. feel解析：主语I，谓语用原形，感觉疲惫。 6. watching 解析：固定搭配 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事。 7. feels 解析：cloth不可数，三单，摸起来柔软。 8. sounds 解析：voice单数，三单，听起来温暖。 B组 单句改错 9. The soup tastes good. 解析：感官动词后接形容词作表语，well是副词，改为形容词good。 10. The song sounds wonderful. 解析：感官动词无进行时态，不能用is sounding。 11. The apple tastes sweet. 解析：感官动词无被动语态，去掉is tasted。 12. He feels like running every morning. 解析：固定搭配 feel like doing，后接动名词。 C组 单项选择 13. D解析：蛋糕是食物，对应感官动词taste（尝起来）。 14. B 解析：故事是听觉感受，用sound（听起来）。 15. A 解析：花朵闻起来香，感官动词无被动、无进行时。 16. C 解析：feel like doing为固定搭配。 17. A 解析：想法、主意用sound（听起来不错）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语（外研版）下册期末复习资料 第二阶段：语法专项训练 专项一 一般将来时 A 组 基础语境填空 用 will / be going to / be about to / 现在进行时表将来 / 一般现在时（时刻表） 填空 1. Look! The dark clouds are gathering. It __________ (rain) heavily. 2. I __________ (visit) my grandparents this weekend. I’ve booked the ticket already. 3. — Where is your brother? — He __________ (play) basketball with his friends. He just left. 4. Hurry up! The movie __________ (start). We have no time to waste. 5. My father __________ (fly) to Beijing on business at 9:30 tomorrow morning. 6. — The doorbell is ringing. — I __________ (open) it. 7. They __________ (have) a party to celebrate their victory. They have planned everything. 8. I promise I __________ (keep) your secret and never tell anyone. 9. The plane __________ (take) off in ten minutes. Please fasten your seat belt. 10. Tom __________ (move) to another city next month. He told me about it yesterday. B 组 句型转换 11. They are going to watch a football match tonight.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________________ 12. My sister will learn to play the piano next term.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________________ 13. We will have a picnic if it is sunny tomorrow.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________________ 14. The meeting will start in ten minutes.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________________ 15. I will finish my homework. I go to bed.（用 as soon as 合并句子） ______________________________________________________ C 组 单项选择 16. — Why are you in such a hurry? — I __________ for my friend. He is waiting for me. A. am leaving B. will leave C. leave D. am about to leave 17. There will be a strong wind. The weather report __________ that just now. A. will say B. said C. is going to say D. says 18. Don’t worry. I __________ you with your English when I am free. A. am helping B. am going to help C. will help D. help 19. The train __________ at 6:00 sharp. Don’t be late. A. is leaving B. am about to leave C. will leave D.leaves 20. I __________ late again. That’s my promise. A. am not going to be B. won’t be C. am not D. don’t be 21. If you __________ hard, you will make great progress. A. will study B. studied C. study D. are studying 专项二 一般过去时被动语态 A 组 动词填空 1. The old bridge __________ (build) by the local people in 1990. 2. All the letters __________ (send) out yesterday afternoon. 3. The sick children __________ (look after) well by the nurses last week. 4. A wonderful speech __________ (give) by our head teacher last Monday. 5. My homework __________ (finish) before dinner yesterday. 6. Many new books __________ (buy) for the school library last month. 7. The window __________ (break) by a ball when we played outside. 8. He __________ (invite) to the party, but he didn’t come. 9. The classroom __________ (clean) by the students before school yesterday. 10. The photos __________ (take) on the Great Wall last summer. B 组 主动被动互换 11. We planted some young trees in the park last spring.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________ 12. They didn’t finish the work on time yesterday.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________ 13. The storybook was written by a famous writer.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________________ 14. People built this museum many years ago.（改为被动语态） ______________________________________________________ 15. The boy was made to finish his homework by his parents.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________________ C 组 单项选择 16. The Winter Olympics __________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou. A. held B. were held C. was held D. will be held 17. Great changes __________ in my hometown last year. A. took place B. were taken place C. have taken place D. will be taken place 18. The little girl __________ by a kind man yesterday. A. saved B. is saved C. saves D. was saved 19. This book __________ into many languages last year. A. translated B. was translated C. has translated D. will be translated 20. She __________ to sing at the party last night. A. asked B.is asked C. asks D. was asked 21. The food __________ good, so it __________ soon yesterday. A. tasted; sold B. was tasted; sold C. tasted; was sold D. was tasted; was sold 专项三 情态动词 + 动词不定式 A 组 语境填空 用 should / shouldn’t / must / mustn’t / need to / don’t need to / may / can 填空 1. Students __________ listen to the teacher carefully in class. 2. You __________ play football on the road. It’s too dangerous. 3. __________ I use your dictionary? 4. You __________ finish the work today. You can do it tomorrow. 5. We __________ protect the environment and make the world greener. 6. You __________ be quiet in the hospital. 7. I __________ practice my spoken English every day. 8. You __________ drive too fast. It’s against the traffic rules. 9. The light is on. He __________ be in the office now. 10. You __________ worry about me. I can look after myself. B 组 动词填空 11. We should __________ (help) people when they are in trouble. 12. You don’t need __________ (worry) about your son. He is fine. 13. The teacher told us __________ (not play) computer games too much. 14. They must __________ (get) to school on time every day. 15. She needs __________ (practice) the piano for one hour every day. 16. We mustn’t __________ (waste) food. 17. My parents asked me __________ (be) more careful next time. 18. You can __________ (ask) your teacher for help if you have problems. C 组 单项选择 19. — __________ I go out with my friends after school? — No, you __________. You have to finish your homework first. A. Must; needn’t B. May; mustn’t C. Need; can’t D. Can; don’t have to 20. You __________ drive after drinking wine. It’s very dangerous. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. won’t 21. — Must I hand in my homework now? — No, you __________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 22. The light is out. He __________ be at home now. A. must B. should C. may D. can’t 23. My mother told me __________ too much time on TV. A. not spend B. not to spend C. don’t spend D. to not spend 24. You __________ give up easily when you meet difficulties. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t 专项四 宾语从句 A 组 引导词填空 用 that / if / whether / what / who / where / when / how 填空 1. I believe __________ you can pass the exam easily. 2. Could you tell me __________ you will come back? 3. I don’t know __________ he is late again. 4. She asked __________ I had finished my homework. 5. We want to know __________ you live. 6. Do you know __________ he is talking to? 7. I wonder __________ you can help me or not. 8. He didn’t tell me __________ he bought yesterday. 9. Could you tell me __________ I can get to the nearest bank? 10. I think __________ it is important to learn English well. B 组 单句改错 每句只改一处错误 11. I want to know when will the train arrive. ______________________________________________________ 12. Do you know where does he come from? ______________________________________________________ 13. She asked me what I am doing at that time. ______________________________________________________ 14. I don’t know if he comes tomorrow. ______________________________________________________ 15. He asked me that I could help him. ______________________________________________________ C 组 句型合并 16. Does he like playing basketball? I want to know.（合并为宾语从句） ______________________________________________________ 17. Where does she work? Can you tell me?（合并为宾语从句） ______________________________________________________ 18. The earth goes around the sun. Our teacher told us.（合并为宾语从句） ______________________________________________________ 19. What are you looking for? I don’t know.（合并为宾语从句） ______________________________________________________ 20. Will you go to Beijing next week? He asks me.（合并为宾语从句） ______________________________________________________ D 组 单项选择 21. I don’t know __________. A. when will he come B. when he comes C. when does he come D. when he will come 22. Could you tell me __________? A. where is the hospital B. where the hospital is C. where was the hospital D. where the hospital was 23. He asked me __________ I had been to Shanghai before. A. if B. that C. what D. which 24. Our teacher told us that the moon __________ around the earth. A. will go B. go C. went D. goes 25. I don’t think __________ he is right. A. if B. that C. whether D. what 26. Can you tell me __________ you were late this morning? A. if B. that C. why D. what 专项五 条件状语从句（if / unless） A 组 动词填空 1. If it __________ (rain) this afternoon, we won’t have a picnic. 2. You will miss the bus unless you __________ (get) up early. 3. If he __________ (come) tomorrow, I will tell you the news. 4. We __________ (not go) there if it snows heavily. 5. You can go out if you __________ (finish) your homework. 6. Don’t open the door if a stranger __________ (knock). 7. He will pass the exam if he __________ (work) hard. 8. Unless you __________ (try) your best, you won’t succeed. B 组 句型改写 完成 if 与 unless 句型互换 9. If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.（用 unless 改写） ______________________________________________________ 10. Unless you help me, I can’t finish it on time.（用 if 改写） ______________________________________________________ 11. If you don’t wear warm clothes, you will catch a cold.（用 unless 改写） ______________________________________________________ 12. Unless it stops raining, we can’t play outside.（用 if 改写） ______________________________________________________ C 组 if 双重身份辨析 13. I don’t know if he __________ (come) tomorrow. 14. If he __________ (come) tomorrow, I will tell you. 15. We wonder if they __________ (join) us this weekend. 16. If they __________ (join) us, we will have a good time. D 组 单项选择 17. You won’t pass the exam __________ you study hard. A. if B. unless C. though D. because 18. If I __________ free tomorrow, I will go shopping with you. A. am B. will be C. was D. have been 19. I don’t know if he __________ tonight. If he __________, I will call you. A. comes; comes B. will come; will come C. comes; will come D. will come; comes 20. __________ you take a taxi, you will miss the plane. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. When 21. You can’t enter the room __________ you have a key. A. if B. though C. unless D. since 专项六 感官动词 A 组 感官动词填空 1. The music __________ (sound) very beautiful. 2. The flowers __________ (smell) sweet. 3. She __________ (look) happy today. 4. The food __________ (taste) delicious. 5. I __________ (feel) tired after a long walk. 6. I feel like __________ (watch) TV now. 7. This kind of cloth __________ (feel) soft. 8. His voice __________ (sound) warm and friendly. B 组 单句改错 每句只改一处错误 9. The soup tastes well. ______________________________________________________ 10. The song is sounding wonderful. ______________________________________________________ 11. The apple is tasted sweet. ______________________________________________________ 12. He feels like run every morning. ______________________________________________________ C 组 单项选择 13. — What do you think of the cake? — It __________ delicious. A. sounds B. smells C. feels D. tastes 14. The story __________ very interesting. We all like it. A. looks B. sounds C. feels D. tastes 15. These flowers __________ so nice. A. smell B. are smelt C. are smelling D. smelt 16. I feel like __________ for a walk after dinner. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 17. Your idea __________ good. Let’s do it. A. sounds B. looks C. tastes D. smells 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $