选修3 Unit 3 War and peace（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦选择性必修第三册Unit 3 War and peace，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（拓展单词、构词法）、句型（独立主格、with复合结构）、阅读（熟词生义、推理判断）、写作（应用文、读后续写）四大核心考点，通过2025八省联考、2024新课标Ⅱ卷等真题实例，明确词汇语境运用占30%、语篇填空占25%的高频考点分布，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“真题情境+语料积累+思维建模”策略，如读后续写中“哭”的神态描写语料库（tears welled up in one’s eyes等），应用文写作的“目标-感受-期望”布局模板，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设“易错陷阱警示”（如drown熟词生义），助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准教学，提升复习效率。

高三一轮复习讲义 外研版 选择性必修　第三册 Unit 3　War and peace 03 核心知识巩固 02 探究必备知识 语基自主学习 01 内容索引 04 提升关键能力 05 单元测评 04 提升关键能力 语基自主学习 返回 1．allied adj.　　　　　 (第二次世界大战)同盟国的 2．code­name v. 起代号为 3．parachute n. 降落伞 4．coastline n. 海岸线 5．drown v. (使)淹死 6．gunfire n. 炮火 7．amongst prep. 在……当中(＝ among) 8．tank n. 坦克 9．barely adv. 勉强才能 注： 表示熟词生义； 表示反义词 Ⅰ.阅读单词 10．solemn adj. 严肃的，庄重的 11．weary v. (使)非常疲倦 12．friction n. 冲突，摩擦 13．combatant n. 战斗人员 14．ammunition n. 弹药 15．aggression n. 侵略 16．sardine n. 沙丁鱼 17．dire adj. 极其严重的 18．daunting adj. 吓人的，使人气馁的 19．fortify v. 激励，加强 20．shirk v. 逃避 21．depict v. 描述，描写 22．crowning adj. 使圆满的，使完美的 23．prominent adj. 著名的，杰出的 24．commemorate v. 庆祝，为……举行纪念活动 25．reaffirm v. 重申，再次确定 26．blueprint n. 蓝图 27．peacekeeping n. 维持和平(的行动) 28．peacekeeper n. 维和人员 1．troop n. 部队；军队 2．tide n. 潮水 3．supreme adj. 最高的 4．objective n. 目的，目标 5．recall v. 回想，回忆起 6．condemn v. 迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地 7．outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的 8．uniform n. 制服 9．bomb v. 轰炸 10．disarm v. 解除武装 Ⅱ.核心单词 11．weapon n. 武器，兵器 12．intellectual adj. 智力的，脑力的 13．rough adj. 简单的；粗糙的 14．disrupt v. 扰乱 15．emerge v. 出现(from) 16．invader n. 侵略者，侵略军 17．peer n. 同龄人；同辈 18．breeze n. 微风 19．anniversary n. 周年纪念日 20．sum n. 金额，款项 21．grain n. 谷物，粮食 22．relevant adj. 有关的，切题的 1．liberate v．解放(城市、国家等) →liberation n．解放 2．land v．着陆 →landing n．(军队的)登陆 3．command v．命令；掌管；指挥 →commander n．指挥官 4．dedicate v．把……奉献给 →dedication n．奉献 →dedicated adj.献身的；专心致志的 Ⅲ.拓展单词 5．drown v．(使)淹死 →drowned adj.淹死的；水淹的 →drowning adj.溺水的 6．represent v．代表；作为……的代言人 →representation n．代表；描绘 →representative n．代表 7．collect v．收集；采集；收藏；聚集；集合 →collection n．收集物，收藏品； 一批物品； 一群人 →collective adj.集体的；共同的 →collectively adv.集体地；共同地 8．commemorate v．庆祝，为……举行纪念活动 →commemoration n．纪念，纪念活动 9．stable adj.稳定的；稳固的 →stability n．稳固，稳定 →stably adv.稳定地；坚固地 10．academy n．学会；专科院校 →academic adj.学术的； 学业上的 →academically adv.学术上 11．prominent adj.著名的，杰出的 →prominence n．重要，著名；突出 12．mist n．薄雾；水汽 →misty adj.多雾的 13．aggression n．侵略 →aggressive adj.攻击性的，好斗的 14．violent adj.狂暴的，凶暴的 →violence n．暴力 →violently adv.狂暴地；猛烈地 15．memory n．记忆，记忆力 →memorize vt.记住；记忆 →memorable adj.难忘的；值得纪念的 →memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的 n．纪念碑 16．glory n．辉煌的成就；荣耀的事 →glorious adj.光荣的；光辉灿烂的 →gloriously adv.光荣地；辉煌地 17．profession n．职业，行业 →professional adj.职业的；专业的 →professionalism n．专业水准；职业精神 18．horror n. 惊恐 →horrible adj.可怕的，令人恐惧的；糟糕的 →horribly adv. 可怕地；非常地 →horrify v．使感到震惊，使产生反感 构词法：名词后缀­ness 表示性质、状态或程度等，多用在形容词后构成名词。 rude粗鲁的→rudeness粗鲁　fit健康的→fitness健康　happy高兴的→happiness幸福　cold寒冷的→coldness寒冷　tired疲倦的→tiredness疲倦　aware知道；意识到→awareness知道；意识　weak虚弱的→weakness虚弱　polite礼貌的→politeness礼貌 1．free...from... 把……从……释放出来，使……摆脱…… 2．have confidence in 对……有信心 3．prepare for 为……做准备 4．make it (及时)到达(尤指来得及做某事)；及时赶上参加；(经历艰难困苦后)成功 5．meet up with 与……见面 6．hold down 保住；压(制)住 7．in large numbers 大量，大批 8．on standby 待命 9．nothing less than 不少于 10．a great many 很多，许多 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．Code­named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation.(独立主格结构) 这次行动代号为“霸王行动”，是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆联合行动，目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。 2．With these words ringing in their ears，Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D­Day.(with复合结构) 这些话在盟军士兵们的耳畔回响，他们为即将到来的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。 Ⅴ.经典句型 探究必备知识 返回 drown(教材义)v.(使)淹死；(补充义) v. (声音)压过；淹没 先练透 ①Some high­school students feel that they are ________ (drown)in endless exams and quizzes，which makes them extremely stressed. ②He became frustrated that the noise outside _______ (drown)out the music. ③(读后续写之人物情感描写)在重要的数学考试失利后，汤姆整个周末都沉迷于电子游戏来排遣悲伤，而不是分析自己的错误。 After failing the important math test，Tom _____________________________ _____ for the whole weekend instead of analyzing his mistakes. 1 drowning drowned drowned his sorrows in video games (1)drown...in...　　 把……浸泡在……中 (2)be drowning in 淹没于……之中 (3)drown one's fears/loneliness/sorrows 借酒壮胆/解寂寞/浇愁 再归纳 sum(教材义)n.金额，款项；(补充义)n.算术；总数v．总结；计算……的总数 先练透 ①If something ____ (sum)a person or situation up，it represents their most typical characteristics. ②It is important to remember that success is __________________________ _____ (每天付出的小小努力的总和)and often takes years to achieve. ③ ______________________________(总之)，let's take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound. ④(读后续写之神态描写)当他算出总数的时候他皱起了眉头。他们确实花了一大笔钱。 He frowned as he ________________．They did spend _________________． 2 sums a sum of small efforts made each day In sum/To sum up/In summary worked out the sum a large sum of money (1)in sum　　　　 总之，总而言之 a sum of 一笔 the sum of ……的总和 (2)sum(...)up 总结；概述；计算……的总数 to sum up 总之；概括地说 (3)summary n. 摘要，概要 in summary 总之 再归纳 句型公式：It is no wonder (that)...难怪…… 先练透 ①(2025·八省联考卷)Nevertheless，I _________________________________ _________(想知道我是否应该赶快回酒店)instead of walking through that crowd of bikers. ②(中国元素)难怪中国书法被视为一种艺术形式，因为它需要掌握笔触、字形结构以及墨水在纸上的流动性。 _______________________________________________________，as it requires a mastery of brush strokes，character structure，and the fluidity of ink on paper. 3 wondered if I should rush back to my hotel No wonder Chinese calligraphy is considered an art form ③(读后续写之情感心理活动描写)但这些礼物很少能比得上那些朴素的木箱。所以，难怪当我想起父亲，就会禁不住哭。 But few of those gifts compare with those simple wooden boxes.So _________ ________________________________ when I think of my father. (it is)no/ little wonder(that)I can't help crying (1)It is a wonder that...　 奇怪…… in wonder 惊讶地 (2)(It is)no/little wonder(that)... 难怪…… (3)wonder about/at... 对……感到惊讶 wonder whether(if)/when/why/how... 想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么…… (4)wonderful adj. 美妙的，极好的 再归纳 核心知识巩固 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·全国二卷)Students who are around plants perform better __________ (academic)than students who are in a classroom without plants... 2．(2025·八省联考卷)The gardens are beautifully laid out with two lakes，which are home to a vast __________ (collect)of fish. 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) _________ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play...Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language...” 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A statue _____________ (commemorate)Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. academically collection Recalling commemorating 5．Meaning _______(emerge)through a process of social interaction，not of computation，interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 6．As is known to us，nothing can be achieved without __________ (dedicate) and frustration. emerges dedication Ⅱ.语篇语境填空 Several years have passed but we can't forget the violence 1.__________ broke out in this small African country，which eventually turned into national unrest.There were constant fights between government 2.______(troop)and local armed forces.At the invitation of the international community，China sent peacekeepers to this country to help.All of these peacekeepers were combatants.3._______(wear)peacekeepers' uniforms，they carried weapons around，stopped violent incidents，and disarmed illegally armed forces 4.__________(fortify)social security.They made outstanding 5._____________ (contribute)to the peace and 6.__________________(stable)of the country.Their unremitting efforts and dedication won widespread praise. that/which troops Wearing to fortify contributions stability The supreme 7.___________(command)of UN peacekeeping spoke 8.______ (high) of the quality and role of China's peacekeeping force，and awarded it collective first­class merit.It shows that China is ready to play a more constructive role 9.___ promoting peace and stability in Africa，10.___ will support African countries in creating their own peace and stability in the future. commander highly in and 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义/一词多义 (写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2025·全国二卷)She began to follow a healthy lifestyle and work out. _______________ 2．(2024·全国甲卷)If it's short stories，Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. ___________ 3．(2021·全国甲卷)A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting：“Safe! Safe! Safe！” ___________________ 锻炼；健身 n．结尾 v．成功得到；谋到 4．If you cannot remember the exact date，you can give a rough idea of when it was. ________________________ 5．The evidence provided was objective and could not be disputed. _________________ adj.粗略的，大致的 adj.客观的 Ⅱ.构词训练 (写出下列黑体词的构词方法和词义) 构词 规则 ①bi­前缀表示“二；双；两次；两倍”，用于表示数量上的两个、双重，或者时间上的两次、频率上的每两个单位时间一次等。 ②di­前缀表示“二；双；两个”，和bi­类似，用于表示数量为二或者具有双重性质，但di­更多出现在化学、生物学等专业术语中。 1．Our company holds biannual meetings. __­_______________________________________________________ 2．Excessive emissions of carbon dioxide contribute to global warming. _­_______________________________________________________ 3．This magazine is a biweekly. _­_______________________________________________________ bi­两次＋annual adj.每年的→biannual adj.每年两次的 di­二＋oxide n．氧化物→dioxide n．二氧化物 bi­双，二＋weekly n．周刊→biweekly n．双周刊 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练 请结合本单元话题，用单元词汇句型完成下面的应用文写作，并背诵。 【情境呈现】 (2025·豫西北教研联盟质检)假如你是李华，你的英国笔友William得知上月你校组织了校园义卖(Charity Sale)活动，所得款项捐赠红十字协会，故来信向你询问详情，请你给他写封回信，内容如下： (1)活动简介；(2)你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 Dear William， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【布局谋篇】 首段 开篇介 绍活动 Dear William， I'm glad to tell you something about the Charity Sale held in my school last month.①________________________________(目标是筹钱；不定式作表语)for the Red Cross. 中段 介绍活 动感受 　　②___________________________________________(回想起这次活动，我深受感动；非谓语动词结构作状语).Students voluntarily brought various items to sell.Everyone's dedication made it outstanding.Roughly 5，000 yuan was raised and donated.It's a pity that there's still violence in the world，and we should condemn it.No doubt such events can help bring peace and stability. 末段 表达期望 　　I really hope more such relevant activities will emerge. Yours， Li Hua The objective was to raise money Recalling the activity，I was deeply touched 【多元表达】 试用副词修饰整个句子的形式改写本句：It's a pity that there's still violence in the world. ③_________________________________________________ Unfortunately，there's still violence in the world. Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　神态描写之“哭”(一) 【语言素材】 哽咽要哭/ 声音哑 ①with a lump in one's throat　　　喉咙哽咽；　　　 ②be close/near to tears　　 要哭了； ③hold/fight/choke/force back tears 强忍住泪水； ④blink back tears 眨眼忍住泪水； ⑤in a choked voice 用哽咽的声音； ⑥be/get choked up 哽咽； ⑦one's voice thick with emotion 激动得连声音都嘶哑了 泪眼模糊 ①misty　　 泪眼模糊的；　　 ②eyes cloud with tears　　 泪眼模糊； ③tears misted/blurred one's eyes 泪水模糊双眼 流泪/ 落泪 ①watery　　　　　　　　 眼泪汪汪的；　　 ②tearful含泪的； ③bring a tear to sb's eye 使某人哭泣； ④tears sprang/rose to one's eyes 眼里一下子涌出泪水； ⑤be filled with tears/be full of tears热泪盈眶；　 ⑥tears welled up in one's eyes 热泪盈眶； ⑦be reduced to tears 落泪 【靓句表达】 1．When he heard the old song, he felt a lump in his throat and memories of his childhood came flooding back. 听到那首老歌时，他感到喉咙哽咽，童年的回忆涌上心头。 2．He conveyed his appreciation to his parents for their years of support，his voice growing thick with emotion halfway through. 他感谢父母多年的支持，讲到一半时，声音渐渐因情绪而变得哽咽。 3．He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks, while the music played. 音乐声响起时，他静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌下来。 4．Holding tightly the money earned, he felt his eyes watered. 他紧紧攥着赚来的钱，觉得眼睛湿润了。 5．When her best friend surprised her with a birthday cake, tears welled up in her eyes before she even said “thank you”． 当闺蜜突然端出生日蛋糕时，她还没说 “谢谢”，眼泪就先在眼眶里打转了。 6．The little girl looked up at her mom with watery eyes, hoping to get permission to buy the toy. 小女孩用一双水汪汪的眼睛抬头看着妈妈，希望能得到买玩具的许可。 续写语料运用　用表“哭”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“社区力量”——得到社区帮助时感激的“哭” 　　Day after day, the house began to transform from a place of neglect to a comfortable home.Mr.Ronald was deeply moved by what the volunteers had done.①____________________________________________________ (他热泪盈眶，喉咙哽咽) as he surveyed his renewed home, ②___________________________ (他激动得声音沙哑，独立主格).“I can't believe you all did this for me.” he ③______ (哽咽着说).The volunteers, touched by his gratitude, promised to keep visiting to help him maintain the home.Witnessing the transformation not only of his house but also of his spirits, they realized the profound impact of their kindness.It wasn't just a house that was rebuilt; it was a community strengthened by the simple acts of compassion and unity. Tears welled up in his eyes and a lump in his throat his voice thick with emotion choked 单元测评33　Unit 3　War and peace 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy's War and Peace，is more than once described as having “fat little hands”．Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse”．He is said to be “undersized” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”．The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy's description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said.We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman.Tolstoy's Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point. It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character.And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man.In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace，the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms.Napoleon is very angry：doesn't he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar's army is stopped.“That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war！”he shouts.And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly”． Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner.“He raised his hand to the Russian's...face，”Tolstoy writes, and“taking him by the ear pulled it gently...”．To have one's ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.“Well, well, why don't you say anything？”said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要分析托尔斯泰在《战争与和平》中对拿破仑形象塑造及其背后的创作意图。 1．Tolstoy's description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ________． A．far from the historical facts B．based on the Russian history C．based on his selection of facts D．not related to historical details 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy's description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said.”可知，托尔斯泰在《战争与和平》中对拿破仑的描述基于他对事实的挑选。故选C项。 √ 2．Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because ________． A．the Tsar's peace terms were hard to accept B．he didn't have any more army to fight with C．the Russians stopped his military movement D．he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Napoleon is very angry：doesn't he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar's army is stopped.‘That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war！’he shouts.”可知，拿破仑在接待俄罗斯代表时生气，是因为他认为应该由自己来制定和平条款。故选D项。 √ 3．What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A．To walk out of the room in anger. B．To show agreement with him. C．To say something about the Tsar. D．To express his admiration. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To have one's ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.‘Well, well, why don't you say anything？’said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon.”可知，拿破仑期望俄罗斯代表表达对他的崇拜。故选D项。 √ 4．Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is ________． A．crazy for power and respect B．fond of showing off his iron will C．determined in destroying all of Europe D．ill­mannered in dealing with foreign guests √ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Napoleon is very angry：doesn't he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar's army is stopped.‘That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war！’he shouts.”可知，拿破仑认为应该由他而非沙皇来制定条款；结合第三段中“‘Well, well, why don't you say anything？’said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon.”可推断，拿破仑认为在他面前不尊重他是荒谬的，所以，托尔斯泰打算把拿破仑塑造成一个对权力和尊重痴迷的人。故选A项。 B If you ever feel that the world is against you，you are not alone.We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong，the fault lies within some great tricks against us.If a co­worker fails the deadline，they must be trying to beat you to a promotion.When Wi­Fi in a coffee shop is not working，the staff must be lying about having it to attract you in. But the fact is that these simple explanations，which we tend to jump to，are barely true.Maybe your co­worker thought today was Tuesday，not Wednesday.Maybe the Wi­Fi just went wrong.This is where Hanlon's razor comes in—a useful mental model that never considers what can be fully explained by neglect(忽视)as doing harm on purpose. Applying Hanlon's razor，a useful tool for rapid decision­making and intelligent comprehension in our daily lives makes us less judgmental，and improve reasoning skills.Meanwhile，Hanlon's razor allows us to have more empathy(同感)and teaches us not to assume the worst intention of the actions of others，the value of which is most pronounced in relationships，business matters，and personal happiness. We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong.When this occurs，a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.When someone messes up around us，we forget how many times we，too，have done the same.Instead，we regard the perpetrator as a source of intense annoyance. To assume intention in such a situation is likely to worsen the problem.None of us can ever know what someone else wants.Inability or neglect is far more likely to be the genuine cause the desire to hurt.When a situation causes us to become angry or upset, it can be valuable to consider if those emotions are justified.Often，the best way to react to other people causing us problems is seeking to communicate with them, not to dismiss them.In this way，we can avoid repeats of the same situation. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了汉隆剃刀理论。人们常将错误归咎于他人的恶意，而这些错误实际上多为无心之失，汉隆剃刀理论倡导理性判断、减少揣测，以同理心和沟通化解矛盾。 5．What do we usually do when things fail? A．Accept true ill intention. B．Change current situations. C．Seek reliable assistance. D．Misplace blame on others. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong，the fault lies within some great tricks against us.”和第四段中的“We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong.When this occurs，a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.”可知，当事情出错时，我们通常会把责任错误地归咎于他人。故选D。 √ 6．What can we learn about Hanlon's razor? A．It is a way to tackle colleagues' problems. B．It is a device for restoring Wi­Fi connection. C．It avoids taking neglect as intentional harm. D．It identifies who is to blame for making errors. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This is where Hanlon's razor comes in—a useful mental model that never considers what can be fully explained by neglect(忽视) as doing harm on purpose .”可知，汉隆剃刀理论是一种思维模型，它避免将忽视误认为故意伤害。故选C。 √ 7．What do the underlined words“the perpetrator”in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The error maker. B．The event planner. C．The mind reader. D．The problem solver. 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When someone messes up around us，we forget how many times we，too, have done the same.”可知，当我们周围的人把事情搞砸的时候，我们忘记了多少次我们也做过同样的事情。再根据画线词所在句“反而，我们把the perpetrator作为极端愤怒的缘由。”可推测画线词“the perpetrator”指的是犯错误的人。故选A。 √ 8．What is advised to do when others cause a problem? A．Lend them a hand. B．Exchange ideas with them. C．Put them on the spot. D．Turn a blind eye to them. 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Often，the best way to react to other people causing us problems is seeking to communicate with them，not to dismiss them.”可 知，当别人给我们带来问题时，最好的方式是与他们交流。故选B。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Green roofs have been around for thousands of years, long before modern housing was developed.From the simple grass­covered roofs above caves to the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon, they remained an important part of architecture.1( ) They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time. In the design of a green roof, there are key factors that count.The first step is to install(安装)a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage.2( ) It's essential to choose high­quality materials, as once the green roof is completed and the building is in use, replacing the protective layer becomes difficult and expensive. Next, a drainage(排水)layer, which is often made of pebbles or a special mat, is placed on top.It helps water flow off the roof instead of pooling on it.Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer.3( ) Now it's time to choose plants for the roof.Some plants have shallow root systems and don't need much water.4( ) Sedum and chives are good examples of such plants.They are not only water­efficient but tough and long­lasting.5( ) It's important to think about your budget.On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof.This doesn't include the cost of installing or repairing the normal roof underneath.And there are labour costs to cover.If a traditional roof costs $30 per square foot, installing a green roof could easily double that expense. A．This is where the plants will grow. B．However，green roofs come at a high cost. C．Today，green roofs are gaining more attention. D．These features make them ideal for green roofs. E．As a result，they led to the popularity of green roofs. F．Green roof materials can range from grass to solar panels. G．The layer also stops plant roots growing into the roof structure. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。 Green roofs have been around for thousands of years, long before modern housing was developed.From the simple grass­covered roofs above caves to the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon, they remained an important part of architecture.1( ) They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time. 空后句提到它们带来了巨大的环境效益，并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决办法。这是绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处，C项“如今，绿色屋顶正受到越来越多的关注”能够引起下文。故选C。 C．Today，green roofs are gaining more attention. In the design of a green roof, there are key factors that count.The first step is to install(安装)a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage. 2( ) It's essential to choose high­quality materials, as once the green roof is completed and the building is in use, replacing the protective layer becomes difficult and expensive. 上文“The first step is to install(安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage.”告诉我们设计绿色屋顶的第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损伤，G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中”承接上文，介绍了保护层的另一个作用——可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。故选G。 G．The layer also stops plant roots growing into the roof structure. Next, a drainage(排水)layer, which is often made of pebbles or a special mat, is placed on top.It helps water flow off the roof instead of pooling on it.Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer.3( ) 上文“Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer.”告诉我们要在排水层上铺土壤或其他类似材料等种植介质，A项“这是植物生长的地方”承接上文。故选A。 A．This is where the plants will grow. Now it's time to choose plants for the roof.Some plants have shallow root systems and don't need much water.4( ) Sedum and chives are good examples of such plants. 前文提到有些植物根系浅且需水量少，D项“These features make them ideal for green roofs.(这些特征使它们成为绿色屋顶的理想选择)”中的“These features”指代前文植物的根系浅且需水量少的特征，说明了这些特征与绿色屋顶的适配性，承接上文。故选D。 D．These features make them ideal for green roofs. They are not only water­efficient but tough and long­lasting.5( ) It's important to think about your budget.On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof.This doesn't include the cost of installing or repairing the normal roof underneath.And there are labour costs to cover.If a traditional roof costs $30 per square foot, installing a green roof could easily double that expense. 根据下文“It's important to think about your budget.On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof.”及“installing a green roof could easily double that expense”等信息可知，安装绿色屋顶价格不菲，B项“然而，绿色屋顶的花费很高”引起下文，B项中的“However”与前文的环保效益形成对比。故选B。 B．However， green roofs come at a high cost. 谢 谢 观 看 WELCOME UNIT $