必修2 Unit 6 Earth first（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦必修第二册Unit 6“Earth first”主题，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（含熟词生义、构词法）、核心短语、经典句型三大核心考点，通过近五年高考真题分析明确“词汇语境运用”“语篇填空”“应用文写作”等高频题型分布，构建了系统的考点突破体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实战+技巧建模+素养提升”策略，如结合2025年八省联考真题设计词汇语法填空训练，通过“应用文布局谋篇”“读后续写情感细节描写”培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设“易错陷阱警示”和“答题模板库”，助力学生掌握解题技巧，教师可据此精准开展专题复习，提升备考效率。

高三一轮复习讲义 外研版 必修　第二册 Unit 6　Earth first 03 核心知识巩固 02 探究必备知识 语基自主学习 01 内容索引 05 单元测评 04 提升关键能力 06 阶段测评 语基自主学习 返回 1．fin v.　　　　　　　　　 切去(鱼的)鳍 　 n. 鱼鳍 2．reserve n. (野生生物)保护区 3．drought n. 旱灾，干旱 4．flood n. 洪水，水灾 5．sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的 6．bulb n. 灯泡 7．carbon n. 碳 8．greenhouse n. 温室，暖房 注： 表示熟词生义； 表示反义词 Ⅰ.阅读单词 9．brochure n. 小册子 10．smog n. 烟雾，雾霾 11．slide n. 幻灯片 12．stand-by adj. 备用的 13．mode n. (机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式 14．plug n. (电)插头 15．litre n. 升，公升 16．campaign n. (宣传)活动 17．canteen n. (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 18．shark n. 鲨(鱼) 1．target v. 把……作为目标 2．attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度 3．ocean n. 海洋，大海 4．highlight v. 使……突出， 使注意力集中于 5．staff n. 员工 6．damage v. 破损，损害，损伤 7．supply n. (煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统) 8．solar adj. 利用太阳光(能)的 9．release v. 释放，排放 10．fog n. 雾 Ⅱ.核心单词 11．severe adj. (问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的 12．lecture n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 13．false adj. 不正确的，错误的 14．amount n. 数量，数额 15．device n. 设备，仪器，装置 16．leak v. (使)漏，(使)渗漏 17．appliance n. 家用电器，家用器具 18．average adj. 平均(数)的 1．concern vt.使担忧；涉及 →concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的 →concerning prep.关于 2．permit v．允许，许可 →permission n．允许，许可 3．reduce v．减少，降低 →reduction n．减少；下降 4．restore v．使恢复 →restoration n．(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复；恢复 →restored adj.精力充沛的；精力恢复的 Ⅲ.拓展单词 5．present vt.呈现；展示；说明 →presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明 6．hunt v．打猎；猎取；搜寻 →hunting n．打猎，狩猎 →hunter n．猎人 7．establish v．建立，设立 →establishment n．建立，设立 →established adj.已确立的；公认的， 成名的 8．devote v．致力，献身，倾注 →devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的 →devotion n．奉献；专心 9．dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水 →diving n．潜水 →diver n．潜水员；跳水者 10．affect v．影响 →affection n． 喜爱，关爱；爱恋 →affected adj.受影响的 11．adopt v．采取(某种方法) →adopted adj.收养的； 领养的 →adoption n．收养；采用 12．sustain v．维持；使稳定 →sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 →sustainably adv.可持续地 13．renew v．重新开始；更新 →renewable adj.(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的 14．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 →urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的 →urgency n．紧急；催促 15．infect vt.感染，传染 →infection n．感染，传染病 →infectious adj.传染的；传染性的 16．reuse vt.再利用 →reusable adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的 17．remove v．移走，搬走，去掉 →removal n．移走；拿去；去掉；消除 18．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生) →contribution n．贡献 →contributor n．贡献者； 撰稿人 19．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 →scary adj.可怕的 →scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 20．major adj.重大的 n．专业 →majority n．多数，大多数(人或物) 21．extinct adj.不再存在的；已灭绝的 →extinction n．灭绝，绝种 22．electricity n．电 →electric/electrical adj.电的，与电相关的 →electronic adj.电子的 23．cruel adj.残忍的 →cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴 →cruelly adv.残忍地 24．fortunate adj.幸运的 → unfortunate adj.不幸的 →fortunately adv.幸运地 → unfortunately adv.不幸地 构词法：名词后缀-th表示性质、状态、动作或结果等。 ①warm温暖的→warmth温暖；grow增长；生长；成长→growth增长；成长 ②true真的→truth真相；真理；long长的→length长度；deep深的→depth深度；strong强壮的→strength力量；wide宽的→width宽度 1．cut off　　　　　　　　 切掉；切断；隔离，隔绝 2．have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 3．see...as... 把……看作…… 4．mistake...for... 把……错当成…… 5．break down 分解；发生故障；(计划、谈判等)失败；(身体)垮掉 6．take...into account 把……考虑进去 7．call on 号召 8．in fear 害怕地 9．by mistake 错误地；无意中 10．be scared/frightened/afraid of 害怕 Ⅳ.重点短语 11．due to 由于，因为 12．the other way round 相反的情况 13．common sense 常识 1．Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.[形容词(短语)作状语] 有些人因为害怕电影里那种可怕的生物，不再去海里游泳。 2．In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.(be doing...when...) 在1980年，本奇利正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。 3．However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(倍数表达法) 然而，生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水量则多达三倍。 Ⅴ.经典句型 探究必备知识 返回 devote v．致力，献身，倾注 先练透 ①Having a _______(devote)heart for people in need，you're welcome to participate and details are as follows. ②It is his ________(devote)to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor's degree. ③(2025·八省联考卷读后续写)Large and tough as they looked，they had a soft and kind heart, _________________________________________________ (把时间和精力花在帮助动物上) in need. 1 devoted devotion devoting their time and energy to helping animals ④(应用文写作之表达感激)我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和写作能力所付出的努力。 I still remember what _____________________________________________ and writing skills. you have devoted to improving my oral English (1)devote oneself/time/energy/life to(doing)sth 某人投身于……；把时间/精力/生命奉献于…… (2)be devoted to(doing)sth 专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n. 奉献；忠诚 devoted adj. 热衷的；挚爱的 再归纳 affect(教材义)v.影响；(补充义)v.(疾病)侵袭；(在感情上)深深打动 先练透 ①(2025·全国二卷)These effects aren't just short-term but have been proved _________(affect)a teen's well-being in the years to come. ②(2024·全国甲卷)However，when a cat is looking for _________(affect)，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. ③Large amounts of donations have been flooding into the ________(affect) areas. ④(应用文写作之投稿申请)在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have ______________________________ the career. 2 to affect affection affected developed a deep affection for (1)be deeply/greatly affected by... 被……深深打动 (2)be affected with... 染上……疾病 (3)show/have/feel much/develop an affection for... (非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… 再归纳 reduce(教材义)v.减少，降低；(补充义)v.使沦为，使陷入(不好的境地) 先练透 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)With human inputs dramatically _______(reduce)，the garden's ecology can develop well. ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate about ________(reduce)waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，”said a BMF employee. ③Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global _________ (reduce)in error. ④(应用文写作之建议信)减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。 _______________________________________________ is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 3 reduced reducing reduction One of the most effective ways to reduce stress (1)reduce to...　　　　　　 降至…… be reduced to... 沦落为……；减少到……(to为介词) (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默 (3)reduce sth to ruins/ashes 把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬 (4)reduction n. 减少 再归纳 urge(教材义)v.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促；(补充义)v.鞭策；激励(～ sb on)n.强烈的欲望；推动力 先练透 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're communicating isn't ______ (urge)，consider sending an email. ②(2025·八省联考卷)I love animals，and I _____________________ (我非常想去参加)this fundraising event. ③She was like a nurse for newborns，______(urge)me to step up and change a diaper or something. ④(读后续写之情感描写)我感到很尴尬，我突然很想跑下台，但我忍住了。 I was embarrassed，but I ___________________________ to run off the stage. 4 urgent felt an urge to go to urging fought back the sudden urge (1)have/feel an urge to do sth　　 很渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 (3)urge that...(should)do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should)do sth 坚决要求……做某事 再归纳 contribute(教材义)v.促成，造成(某事发生)；(补充义)v.捐助；(为……)做贡献；撰稿；发表意见 先练透 ①(2025·八省联考卷)China，on its part，will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new _____________ (contribute)to the international community. ②(2025·浙江1月卷)Ask the audience _____________(contribute)their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. ③Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely ____________(contribute)to fewer injuries. 5 contributions to contribute contributing ④(读后续写之主旨升华句)社区服务很值得做，这是一件我能为世界作出积极贡献的工作。 The community service was a job worthwhile to do，something positive I could do __________________________________． to make contributions to the world (1)contribute...to...　　　　捐助……给……；向……投稿 (2)contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿 (3)contribution n. 贡献 make a contribution/contributions to... 为……作出贡献 再归纳 average(教材义)adj.平均(数)的；(补充义)n.平均(数)v.平均 先练透 ①Recent research reveals 880 million unused but working electrical items gathering dust in UK households, _________ (average)31 items per household. ②When enough of these errors ____________(average)together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate. ③(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop ____________________________(平均持续两天)，and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村) populations with basic medical care... 6 averaging are averaged lasts an average of two days ④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的学习成绩远超过平均水平，但他仍然十分谦虚，而且乐于助人。 His academic performance _____________________，but he is still modest and helpful. is well above average (1)an average of　　　　 平均有(后跟数词) on average 平均来看 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 (2)average...out 算出……的平均数 再归纳 due to 由于，因为 先练透 ①(2025·豫西北教研联盟质检)He _________________________ (因为受伤退休了)and quickly went to the adoption agency. ②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises ______________________ ____________________ (由于在这个景点上只有五分钟)before the best moment. ③(应用文写作之表达感激)由于您的支持和指导，我能够克服挑战并取得成功。 ________________________________，I was able to overcome challenges and achieve success. 7 retired due to the injury due to being on the spot only five minutes Due to your support and guidance (1)due to 表示“因为”时，一般用作表语和状语；due 为形容词，意为“预定的，到期的；欠下的；应给的”。 (2)be due to do/for sth　预定/计划(做)某事 (3)be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 再归纳 句型公式：It takes/took (sb)...to do sth(某人)花费……做某事 先练透 ①(2025·全国二卷)Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice ___________________________(维护一株植物所需的). ②(2025·浙江1月卷)看起来这么自然，需要花很多心思。 It takes _____________________________________． ③(2024·九省联考读后续写)It _______________________________________ (我花了很长时间发现这个秘密)，too.It's not easy to follow Maya. 8 it takes to sustain a plant a lot of thought to look this natural took me a long time to discover this secret ④(读后续写之动作描写)我设法把湿衣服拖到洗衣房。那天我花费大部分时间洗衣服、晒衣服。 I managed to drag the wet clothes to the laundry room.It ___________________ ____________ and dry clothes. took me most of the day to wash (1)It takes courage/efforts/hard work to do sth　做某事需要勇气/努力 (2)It takes/took some time before... 要过多久才/就…… 再归纳 核心知识巩固 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·全国一卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised ________ (concern). 2．(2025·八省联考卷)．..they get invitations to exhibition openings, ________ (lecture)，travel opportunities，and lively social gatherings. 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go _______(extinction)，researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)BMF employees live out ______________ (sustainable) in their everyday lives. concerns lectures extinct sustainability 5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated，it significantly _______ (reduce)the amount of water needed to grow plants. 6．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant _______ (remove)，winter planting，and seed collection. reduces removal Ⅱ.语篇语境填空 Herds of elephants used to roam freely across the vast plains of Africa and the dense forests of Asia.However，today，hunters pose a severely dangerous threat to them.1.___ large amount of cruel 2._______(hunt)has affected these magnificent creatures dramatically，leading to a significant reduction in 3._____ (they)numbers. To save them from extinction，some reserves have been established where they can live in peace and safety，4.___________(fortunate)allowing for their numbers to begin to recover.Moreover，many people are devoted 5.__ protecting them. A hunting their fortunately to However，the cruelty upon them will likely continue as long as those interested in buying elephant products are granted 6.__________(permit)to do so，creating an ongoing supply chain that fuels their evil demands.To develop harmony between humans and animals，it is urged that urgent measures 7.__________________(adopt)to remove the demand for these products and to protect these beautiful creatures from further damage and ultimate extinction.8._________(concern)conservationists are working tirelessly 9._________(remove)this threat，but their efforts are constantly affected by the illegal trade，10._____ continues to damage their habitats and their very existence. permission (should)be adopted Concerned to remove which 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义/一词多义 (写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2025·全国一卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. _________ 2．(2025·全国二卷)．..She was flooded，shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone. ________________ 3．(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide，but your grades will suffer as a result. _________ v．接入 v. 使充满，涌入 v．忽视 4．She has been removed from her post as director. _____________________ 5．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears. __________________ v．免除，解除(职务等) v．使陷入某种境地 Ⅱ.构词训练 (写出下列黑体词的构词方法和词义) 构词 规则 ①“-hood”是英语中常见的名词后缀，表示时期、状态或身份； ②有时可以表示一群具有相同特征或身份的人所组成的集体。 1.(2025·浙江1月卷)When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.“You don't want to get fat”was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. ___________________________________________ 2．(2025·八省联考卷)Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better. ________________________________________________ 3．In adulthood，people often have to face various challenges，such as finding a stable job and dealing with family responsibilities. __________________________________________ 4．The soldiers in the army formed a strong brotherhood，supporting and protecting each other on the battlefield. ________________________________________________ child n．孩子，儿童→childhood n．儿童时期 neighbour n．邻居→neighbourhood n．邻里，社区 adult n．成人→adulthood n．成年时期 brother n．兄弟→brotherhood n．兄弟关系，手足情谊 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练 请结合本单元话题，用单元词汇句型完成下面的应用文写作，并背诵。 【情境呈现】 (2025·合肥市二次质检)假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校举办的以“绿色能源与未来生活”为主题的科学大讲堂活动。请你给外教Ryan写一封电子邮件，分享这次经历，内容包括：(1)活动介绍；(2)你的收获。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 Dear Ryan， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【布局谋篇】 首段 开篇点题， 分享主题 Dear Ryan， I'm writing to share my experience of the science lecture themed “Green Energy and Future Life” held in our school last week. 中段 介绍活 动过程 　　The experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power.They were devoted to green-energy research.They said these can supply energy，reduce pollution and affect our future life positively.①___________________(由于他们的讲座)，I've learned to ②_______________________________________(考虑环境因素).They also urged us to adopt green lifestyles and ③______________________________(为更绿的星球做贡献). Due to their speech take environmental factors into account contribute to a greener planet 末段 表达感悟 　　In all，not only have I gained a profound insight into green energy but I have also come to realize that it is every individual's action that matters.It was really eye-opening! Yours， Li Hua 【多元表达】 The experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power.They were devoted to green-energy research.试用非谓语动词结构合并这两句。 ④______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Devoting themselves to green-energy research，the experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power. Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“失望、孤独” 【语言素材】 形容词/ 副词 disappointed, lonely, alone, upset 名词/ 动词 disappointment, loneliness, disappoint 脸 a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread across/crossed one's face脸上露出失望/孤独的表情 眼睛/ 声音 ①see the disappointment in one's eyes 看到某人眼中的失望； ②one's eyes be filled with/be full of disappointment/loneliness 眼里满是失望/孤独； ③hear the disappointment in one's voice 听出某人声音中的失望； ④a note/touch of disappointment 一丝失望； ⑤in a tone/voice of disappointment 用失望的语气/声音 短语 ①be overcome/be consumed with/be overwhelmed by disappointment 非常失望； ②to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是； ③hide one's disappointment 掩饰某人的失望； ④disappointment flooded over sb 某人大失所望； ⑤fight/choke/force/hold back tears of disappointment 忍住失望的泪水 【靓句表达】 1．Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself up in his room. 他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。 2．Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness. 托尼感觉突然被投入一个黑暗的世界，陷入了绝望。 3．He stared at me，disappointment written all over his face.他满脸失望地看着我。 4．I looked around，but no one came into sight. A feeling of disappointment and loneliness suddenly overwhelmed me. 我环顾四周，视线里一个人也没有，一种失望和孤独的感觉突然涌上我的心头。 5．When I told her I couldn't make it to her birthday dinner, a touch of disappointment crossed her face before she quickly smiled and said, “No worries.” 当我告诉她无法参加她的生日晚宴时，一丝失望掠过她的脸庞，随即她便笑着说：“没关系。” 续写语料运用　用表“失望、孤独”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“人与自然”——看到环境被污染时的“失望、孤独” 　　①________________________________________________________ (我们脸上满是失望，with复合结构), we desperately wondered what had happened to our beloved village.Looking at our anxious faces, Grandfather ②___________________ ________________ (失望地叹气，介词短语).It was those visitors who did help us earn more money, but they also brought massive amounts of rubbish, which caused severe pollution and changed our beautiful village completely.While telling us about the changes, Grandfather gazed at the sea, ③________________________________ ____________________________ (眼里满是失望和无助，独立主格). With a look of disappointment spreading across our faces sighed in a voice of disappointment his eyes filled with/full of disappointment and helplessness 单元测评12　Unit 6　Earth first 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A In the summer of 2015, Emily Parker, a young environmental enthusiast, traveled to the coast of California with her family to enjoy a relaxing beach vacation.She was excited to spend time by the ocean, swimming and basking in the sun.However, as she walked along the shore, she was astonished to see piles of plastic bottles, broken fishing nets, and discarded wrappers along the sand.The once beautiful beach was now littered with trash, and this made Emily's heart sink. Emily had always cared about the environment, but seeing the pollution up close made her realize just how serious the problem had become.It was not only ruining her vacation but also endangering the marine life she loved.She thought of the turtles that might mistake plastic for food, or the seabirds that could get trapped in the nets.She knew she had to do something about it. After returning home, Emily decided to take action.She began volunteering at local beach cleanups every weekend, picking up trash and raising awareness about the dangers of ocean pollution.She encouraged her friends, family, and classmates to join her, and soon, a small group of dedicated volunteers formed.They organized monthly cleanups and started educating the community about reducing plastic waste. But Emily didn't stop there.Realizing that the problem was far too big for just a small group to handle, she created a non-profit organization called“Ocean's Hope”．The organization's mission was to raise awareness about plastic pollution, organize global beach cleanups, and collaborate with businesses to reduce plastic packaging.Emily's passion for the ocean grew stronger, and she worked tirelessly to inspire others. By 2020，“Ocean's Hope”had become a global movement.Volunteers from all over the world participated in cleanups, and companies began adopting more sustainable practices.Emily's dream of a cleaner, safer ocean was becoming a reality. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的环保爱好者艾米丽·帕克在加利福尼亚海岸度假时，目睹海滩污染后，从个人参与海滩清理，到成立非营利组织“海洋的希望”，最终使其发展为全球运动，逐步实现让海洋更清洁、更安全的梦想的故事。 1．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 probably refer to? A．The endangered wildlife. B．Emily's expectation. C．The beach's transformation. D．The weather conditions. 代词指代题。根据第一段中“However, as she walked along the shore, she was astonished to see piles of plastic bottles, broken fishing nets, and discarded wrappers along the sand.The once beautiful beach was now littered with trash, and this made Emily's heart sink.”可知，“this”指代的是前文描述的海滩从美丽到布满垃圾的转变。故选C。 √ 2．What led Emily to take action? A．Her love for rare sea animals. B．The desire to enjoy her vacation. C．Her family's concern for marine life. D．The realization of pollution's impact. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Emily had always cared about the environment, but seeing the pollution up close made her realize just how serious the problem had become.It was not only ruining her vacation but also endangering the marine life she loved.”可知，是意识到污染的严重影响让艾米丽决定采取行动。故选D。 √ 3．What did Emily do to get others involved? A．She sought advice from experts. B．She motivated those around her. C．She created a profitable organization. D．She traveled abroad to give speeches. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She encouraged her friends, family, and classmates to join her, and soon, a small group of dedicated volunteers formed.”可知，艾米丽通过激励身边的人来让他们参与进来。故选B。 √ 4．Which words can best describe the personality of Emily? A．Ambitious and strong-willed. B．Committed and open-minded. C．Generous and well-educated. D．Determined and hard-hearted. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段中“But Emily didn't stop there.Realizing that the problem was far too big for just a small group to handle, she created a non-profit organization called‘Ocean's Hope.’”以及最后一段中“By 2020，‘Ocean's Hope’had become a global movement...Emily's dream of a cleaner, safer ocean was becoming a reality.”可知，艾米丽是一个有雄心壮志且意志坚强的人，她不仅自己行动，还激励他人，最终将保护海洋的行动发展成了全球运动。故选A。 √ B Companies have been switching from plastic straws to paper ones on the grounds of being more environmentally friendly.However, new research suggests the good-intentioned trend might not be the best alternative after all. The study found the vast majority of paper straws tested contained PFAS.Commonly referred to as “forever chemicals”，PFAS don't break down in the body or in the environment. “Straws made from plant-based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic，”said Thimo Groffen, author of the study.“However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that's not necessarily true.” Researchers on the study examined 39 brands of straws in Belgium from supermarkets, toy stores, fast-food chains, drug stores and e-commerce stores.The straws were either made of paper, bamboo，glass, stainless steel or plastic, and the researchers tested each brand for concentrations of PFAS.69% of the brands contained PFAS, with paper straws more likely to contain the chemicals.The researchers found 90% of paper straws had PFAS, compared to 80% of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straws, and 40% of glass straws.Further, a paper straw brand was the brand with the highest PFAS concentration. Small amounts of PFAS do not pose a risk.However, a build-up of the chemicals in the body may cause dangerous health problems like liver damage, increased blood. “The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable (可生物降解的)，”said Groffen.“We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws at all.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见。 5．Why do companies show a preference for paper straws? A．They are considered more economical. B．They are considered less harmful to the environment. C．They are considered more beneficial to health. D．They are considered easier to produce. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Companies have been switching from plastic straws to paper ones on the grounds of being more environmentally friendly.”可知，公司现在从生产塑料吸管转变到纸吸管是基于其更加的环保，即纸吸管被认为对环境的危害较小。故选B。 √ 6．What can we know about PFAS from the text? A．They exist the least in plastic straws. B．They protect our health effectively. C．They are basic materials for straws. D．They are a potential threat to human health. 推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found the vast majority of paper straws tested contained PFAS.Commonly referred to as“forever chemicals”，PFAS don't break down in the body or in the environment.”可知，PFAS是一种合成化学物质，通常是指有害的“永久化学物质”，它在人体内和自然环境中都不会分解；再结合倒数第二段“Small amounts of PFAS do not pose a risk.However, a build-up of the chemicals in the body may cause dangerous health problems like liver damage, increased blood.”可知，尽管少量的PFAS不会造成危险，但人体内PFAS的累积会带来严重的健康威胁；由此判断，PFAS对人类健康是个潜在威胁。故选D。 √ 7．What does Groffen probably agree with? A．Paper straws will become more popular. B．We should use glass straws more often. C．We'd better drink without using straws. D．Stainless steel straws should be avoided. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable (可生物降解的)，’said Groffen.‘We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws at all.’”可推知，Groffen会赞同消费者使用不锈钢吸管或者干脆避免使用吸管。故选C。 √ 8．Which of the following serves as the best title? A．Paper straws are more likely to contain forever chemicals B．Paper straws have entirely taken the place of plastic straws C．Paper straws have caused dangerous, health problems to humans D．Paper straws will become the best alternative for us in the future 标题归纳题。根据前两段可知，纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见；再结合下文内容可知，本文主要阐述作为塑料吸管环保替代品的纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质，A选项“Paper straws are more likely to contain forever chemicals (纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) If you've been feeling a little pale and dried out，imagine how your houseplants feel in winter.While the sun streams in through windows all summer long，during winter it's all shadows and drafts.1( ).Here are the four ways you can make them happier. Adjust the light.Not only is the sun lower in the sky，but it's also available for fewer hours in the day.To guarantee your plants are getting enough vitamin D，you can try moving them closer to southern-facing windows.2( ). Plant lights can ensure that your plant gets enough light where it needs it. Slow down the watering.I know that watering feels like the way in which we give plants love，but it is also the way in which we drown them.Too much water results in root rot.Ideally you want to water only so much that the soil is damp，but not wet，when you stick your finger into the soil a few inches down.3( )． Dust your leaves.If you love your plants，you'll tend to their leaves by dusting them.Plants absorb nutrients from the air through their leaves.4( ).In this case，spray them with water and wipe them with a cloth.If you're seeing leaf issues，such as all the leaves dropping，that can be a sign of over or under watering. 5( ).Your plants enjoy the same conditions as you do.They don't enjoy hot or cold air，as either will dry them out.Each houseplant has specific needs，whether full sun，partial sun，partial shade or full shade，and you should keep needs in mind when providing sun exposure through the day. A．Avoid unfavorable factors B．Create a welcoming environment C．And their “tiny holes” can get blocked by dust D．It should have time to dry out in between watering E．As a result，your plants may be looking a little dull F．But ultimately you may need some man-made assistance G．You should be careful about watering the root，as it requires more water 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冬天如何照顾植物。 If you've been feeling a little pale and dried out，imagine how your houseplants feel in winter.While the sun streams in through windows all summer long，during winter it's all shadows and drafts.1( ).Here are the four ways you can make them happier. 根据空前内容可知，如果你一直感觉光线有点暗和干燥，想象一下你的室内植物在冬天什么感觉。整个夏天，阳光都从窗户照进来，而在冬天，只有阴冷和穿堂风。空格后句提到，这里有四种方法可以让它们更快乐。E项“因此，你的植物可能看起来有点无精打采”承接上文，指出冬天的环境对植物的影响，并引出下文的解决方法。故选E。 E．As a result，your plants may be looking a little dull Adjust the light.Not only is the sun lower in the sky，but it's also available for fewer hours in the day.To guarantee your plants are getting enough vitamin D，you can try moving them closer to southern-facing windows.2( ). Plant lights can ensure that your plant gets enough light where it needs it. 空前讲到，调整光线，不但天空中的太阳更低，而且一天中的日照时间更短。为了保证你的植物获得足够的维生素D, 你可以试着把它们移到朝南的窗户附近。空后讲到，植物灯可以确保你的植物在需要光线的地方得到足够的光线。F项“但最终你可能需要一些人为的帮助”中的“人为的帮助”指的就是后文的植物灯，符合语境，故选F。 E．As a result，your plants may be looking a little dull Slow down the watering.I know that watering feels like the way in which we give plants love，but it is also the way in which we drown them.Too much water results in root rot.Ideally you want to water only so much that the soil is damp，but not wet，when you stick your finger into the soil a few inches down.3( )． 根据本段的首句“Slow down the watering.”可知本段主要介绍放慢浇水的速度。故D项“在两次浇水之间应该有时间让它变干”符合语境。 D．It should have time to dry out in between watering Dust your leaves.If you love your plants，you'll tend to their leaves by dusting them.Plants absorb nutrients from the air through their leaves.4( ).In this case，spray them with water and wipe them with a cloth.If you're seeing leaf issues，such as all the leaves dropping，that can be a sign of over or under watering. 本段首句讲到掸去树叶上的灰尘。空格前文提到叶子帮助植物吸收空气中的养分。空格后文说在这种情况下，用水喷洒并用布擦拭叶子。故C项“它们的‘小洞’会被灰尘堵塞”解释了为什么要擦拭叶子——因为灰尘会堵塞叶子上吸收养分的小孔，从而影响植物吸收养分。且C项中的dust为原词复现。故选C。 C．And their “tiny holes” can get blocked by dust 5( ).Your plants enjoy the same conditions as you do.They don't enjoy hot or cold air，as either will dry them out.Each houseplant has specific needs，whether full sun，partial sun，partial shade or full shade，and you should keep needs in mind when providing sun exposure through the day. 设空处后文说植物和人喜欢一样的环境，它们不喜欢热或冷空气，因为这会使它们变干，还提到每种植物有特定的需求。B项“营造一个舒适的环境”概括了该段内容，符合语境。且B项中的environment 对应后文的conditions。故选B。 B．Create a welcoming environment 阶段测评(二) 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共15个小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A Thank you for your interest in the UCLA Health Volunteer Summer Program.Once you are accepted into the program, you may begin your volunteering in the following critical areas： Wayfinding Wayfinders are stationed at hospital entrances and greet each visitor/ patient along with providing wheelchair assistance.Wayfinders must be friendly and have good communication skills.2-hour shifts are available Monday through Friday from 8：00 a．m.to 4：00 p．m.Due to the standing nature of this position，4 hours will be rewarded for 2 hours of Wayfinding service. Floaters Floaters help deliver patient mail and newspapers.Assignments can change each shift depending on needs of the department.Volunteers are assigned to the Volunteer Office for one 4-hour shift per week Monday through Friday from 9：00 a．m.to 4：00 p．m. Patient Transport Patient Transport volunteers are responsible for discharging patients and helping the patient transport staff.This is a great opportunity for students to see all the areas of the hospital and get clinical exposure.Shifts are available seven days a week anytime from 8：00 a．m.to 8：00 p．m. Applying for the Summer Volunteer Program Step 1：Sign up for an Information Session on Zoom.Sign-ups are on a first come, first served basis. Step 2：Submit all required application forms online for review and approval. Step 3：Attend one In-Person Orientation(培训).There is only one session, and we will not have makeup sessions. Step 4：Complete 50 volunteer hours by August 31. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几个健康自愿者项目以及参加方法。 1．What can we learn about Wayfinding? A．Time bonus will be given. B．It is available on weekends. C．Assignments change with needs. D．It trains volunteers to find ways. 细节理解题。根据题干将答案定位至 Wayfinding部分的“Due to the standing nature of this position，4 hours will be rewarded for 2 hours of Wayfinding service”可知，由于该工作需要长时间站立，提供2小时的服务可获得4小时奖励。故选A项。文中的“4 hours will be rewarded”与A项中的“Time bonus will be given”是同义转换。 √ 2．What is an advantage of Patient Transport? A．It offers clinical training. B．It assists in treating patients. C．It provides flexible shifts. D．It helps show patients around. 细节理解题。根据Patient Transport部分的“Shifts are available seven days a week anytime from 8：00 a．m.to 8：00 p.m.”可知，该工作每周7天，从早上8点到晚上8点随时都有轮班。由此可知，该工作提供灵活的工作时间。故选C项。文中的“anytime”与C项的“flexible”是同义表达。 √ 3．What are applicants expected to do when applying for the program? A．Sign up as soon as possible. B．Track volunteer hours. C．Attend a make-up orientation. D．Review application forms. 细节理解题。根据 Applying for the Summer Volunteer Program 部分的“Sign-ups are on a first come, first served basis”可知，报名遵循先到先得的原则。由此可知，申请该项目时，申请人需要尽快报名。故选A项。文中的“on a first come, first served basis”与A项中的“as soon as possible”相呼应。 √ B More than 20 years ago, Yung-Chi Cheng, a Yale professor in drug development for cancer, had a pioneering idea：what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer? What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better? No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course, because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn't let the idea go. Now, in a landmark moment for cancer research, Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug, YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu, a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng's Yale lab, spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale's library, seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang, a 1，800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses, based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice. What followed were years of additional testing of the drug's effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment, but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates. All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now, YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products, which includes a malaria(疟疾)treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao, the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou. It has been a long journey, but if Cheng and his team are successful, it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach“WE”medicine, a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It's a totally new model.I've met with a lot of doubt, but I think the results will speak for themselves，”Cheng said. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了耶鲁大学教授郑永齐及其团队在开发植物抗癌药物方面所做出的贡献。 4．What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng's research? A．Creative. B．Comprehensive. C．Conventional. D．Challenging. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course, because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky” 可知，同行的研究人员和专家建议他改变方向，因为开发植物药物太复杂，风险太大。由此可知，同行的研究人员最初认为郑的研究具有挑战性。故选D。 √ 5．Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts? A．She wanted to question ancient treatment methods. B．She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases. C．She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs. D．She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shwu-Huey Liu, a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng's Yale lab, spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale's library, seeking the properties of Chinese herbs”可知，郑永齐所在的耶鲁大学实验室的博士后研究员刘淑惠花了很长时间在耶鲁大学图书馆翻阅中国古代文献，寻找中草药的特性。由此可推测，刘翻阅中国古代文献是为了寻找治疗疾病的灵感。故选B。 √ 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The steps of the drug testing. B．The application of YIV-906. C．The effects of the clinical trial. D．The effectiveness of YIV-906. 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“testing of the drug's effectiveness”和“YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment，but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates”可知，该段主要说明了药物试验的结果，证明了YIV-906的效果，故选D。 √ 7．Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao? A．To illustrate the value of botanical drugs. B．To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine. C．To praise Tu's contributions to drug development. D．To highlight its success in medicine development. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products”可知，作者提到中草药青蒿是为了说明植物药物的价值。故选A。 √ C Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.There's a welcome familiarity—but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both，and thus the relationship.But books don't change，people do.And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.It's true，the older I get，the more I feel time has wings.But with reading，it's all about the present.It's about the now and what one contributes to the now，because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually.The first，which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964，it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortázar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.And because Cortázar. While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，it's you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的精神状态之上的，随着年龄的增长，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。 8．Why does the author like rereading? A．It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B．It's a window to a whole new world. C．It's a substitute for drinking with a friend. D．It extends the understanding of oneself. 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者认为重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们目前的精神状态，作者年龄越大，就越觉得时光如梭。由此可推知，重读以前读过的书能让你加深对阅读内容的理解。随着年龄的增长，你可能阅历更丰富，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。因此答案为D。 √ 9．What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast? A．It's a brief account of a trip. B．It's about Hemingway's life as a young man. C．It's a record of a historic event. D．It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Published in 1964，it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris...an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.”可知，A Moveable Feast讲述年迈的海明威回忆青年时代在巴黎度过的日子，因此本题答案为B。 √ 10．What does the underlined word“currency”in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Debt. B．Reward. C．Allowance. D．Face value. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指奖励。故选B。 √ 11．What can we infer about the author from the text? A．He loves poetry. B．He's an editor. C．He's very ambitious. D．He teaches reading. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortázar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.”可以推断作者喜爱诗歌。故选A。 √ D The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury.However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。 12．Why was the sugar tax introduced? A．To collect money for schools. B．To improve the quality of drinks. C．To protect children's health. D．To encourage research in education. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C。 √ 13．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A．They turned to overseas markets. B．They raised the prices of their products. C．They cut down on their production. D．They reduced their products' sugar content. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax.”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低产品的含糖量来避税。故选D。 √ 14．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A．Most alcoholic drinks. B．Milk-based drinks. C．Fruit juices. D．Classic Coke. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands ...as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D。 √ 15．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A．It is a short-sighted decision. B．It is a success story. C．It benefits manufacturers. D．It upsets customers. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schools.”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Achieve Success in Journalistic News Writing No book, article or blog post can turn an ambitious writer into a successful journalist.All that it can do is help the writer learn to write.The primary skill in learning to write is practice.1( ) Among the most convenient subjects are the events and news in the world around us.Such topics are what skilled journalists write about, and that is why we call this form of writing “journalistic writing”． Journalistic writing is not special literary gymnastics that requires a special talent and an expansive vocabulary.2( ) It uses language to tell what is going on in the world.As such, it requires no special talent beyond seeing and understanding what is taking place around us, to grasp its significance and relation to other events, and to tell others what we have seen and heard. 3( ) One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance.It has little time to talk about the past, except in comparison with the present.It has little time to foretell the future, except in pointing out the significance of the present.Its subject is today.It is primarily concerned with facts.The writer considers himself a recorder of the things other persons are doing and thinking. Another basic part of journalistic writing is that the writer prepares it for a definite purpose.Some writers, like novelists, write to use beautiful words and sentences.4( ) However, the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard；he realizes that his readers care more for the things he tells than for the way in which he tells and expresses them. Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills.One is the inborn skill to see and understand.The other is the skill to tell what the writer has seen in a way that makes the reader see the same thing.5( ) If the writer is eager to excel, he must expand his knowledge and education so he can better understand and evaluate the things he sees and hears. A．It will not do them any good to write news items. B．To these imaginative literary writers, they favor expression. C．To practice writing, one must have something to write about. D．An ambitious writer can develop both skills if he lacks them. E．The writer must write it now or never—without giving up quality. F．Journalistic writing differs mainly in its subject matter and purpose. G．Instead, it is the plainest, most reserved form of English composition. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了涉及新闻写作的技能。 Achieve Success in Journalistic News Writing No book, article or blog post can turn an ambitious writer into a successful journalist.All that it can do is help the writer learn to write.The primary skill in learning to write is practice.1( ) Among the most convenient subjects are the events and news in the world around us.Such topics are what skilled journalists write about, and that is why we call this form of writing “journalistic writing”． 空前一句提到学习写作的首要技能是练习，空后一句提到其中最方便的主题是我们周围世界的事件和新闻。C项“要练习写作，一个人必须有东西可写”承上启下，符合语境。其中的practice是原词复现。故选C。 C．To practice writing, one must have something to write about. Journalistic writing is not special literary gymnastics that requires a special talent and an expansive vocabulary.2( ) It uses language to tell what is going on in the world.As such, it requires no special talent beyond seeing and understanding what is taking place around us, to grasp its significance and relation to other events, and to tell others what we have seen and heard. 根据上文可知，新闻写作不是一种特殊的文学技巧展示，不需要特殊的才能和丰富的词汇。G项“相反，它是最朴素、最含蓄的英语写作形式”与上句对应。故选G项。 G．Instead, it is the plainest, most reserved form of English composition. 3( ) One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance.It has little time to talk about the past, except in comparison with the present.It has little time to foretell the future, except in pointing out the significance of the present.Its subject is today.It is primarily concerned with facts.The writer considers himself a recorder of the things other persons are doing and thinking. 该段主要讲述了新闻写作的主要特征之一就是时效性和相关性。新闻应该是关于现在的，其话题也应该是关于现在的并且是涉及事实的。下一段主要讲述了新闻写作的目的性。所以F项“新闻写作主要在主题和目的上有所不同”可以概括本段，并合理地引出下一段。故选F。 F．Journalistic writing differs mainly in its subject matter and purpose. Another basic part of journalistic writing is that the writer prepares it for a definite purpose.Some writers, like novelists, write to use beautiful words and sentences.4( ) However, the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard；he realizes that his readers care more for the things he tells than for the way in which he tells and expresses them. 根据空后的“However, the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard”可知，B项“对于这些富有想象力的文学作家来说，他们更喜欢表达”与后句构成转折关系，同时B项的“these imaginative literary writers”指代上文提到的“Some writers”。故选B。 B．To these imaginative literary writers, they favor expression. Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills.One is the inborn skill to see and understand.The other is the skill to tell what the writer has seen in a way that makes the reader see the same thing.5( ) If the writer is eager to excel, he must expand his knowledge and education so he can better understand and evaluate the things he sees and hears. 根据空前的“Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills”可知， D项“一个有抱负的作家即使缺乏这两种技能，也可以培养它们”符合语境。其中的them指代上文的两种技能(two important skills)。故选D。 D．An ambitious writer can develop both skills if he lacks them. Ⅲ.语法填空(本题共10个小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) A sign language learning app named ArtfulSign (Miaoshou in Chinese) emerged 1 the top winner among 240 participating teams at a computering contest held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. 考查介词。emerge as为固定搭配，意为“成为”。故填as。 as ArtfulSign, 2 (develop) by three hearing-impaired students from Beijing Union University, 3 (design) to help hearing individuals learn sign language to communicate with others. 考查动词时态和语态。此处表示“被设计”的意思，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语构成被动关系，主语为ArtfulSign，be动词用is。故填is designed。 考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰ArtfulSign，且ArtfulSign与develop之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填developed。 developed is designed The most 4 (note) feature of the app is the use of AI models in sign language teaching.After learning the real-person video examples 5__________ demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, 考查形容词。空处应用形容词notable作定语修饰名词feature。故填notable。 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词examples在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 notable that/which and the app will recognize and assess the 6 (accurate) of their sign language gestures. The team leader, Zhao Yuan, a software 7 (engineer) graduate student, shoulders the responsibility of planning the development process and oversees the most difficult and time-consuming task—building and training the sign language AI recognition model. 考查名词。此处表示“准确性”的意思，应用名词accuracy作宾语。故填accuracy。 考查动名词。此处表示“工程”的意思，且为不可数名词，作定语，修饰名词短语graduate student。故填engineering。 accuracy engineering Tan Chenglong employs his expertise in visual communication 8____________ (handle) the user interface (界面) and user experience design.One of Tan's thoughtful 9 (touch) is allowing users to have their own sign language names. 考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to handle。 考查名词的数。touch在此处表示“特点，巧妙之处”，为可数名词，且前文有one of修饰，故应用复数形式。故填touches。 to handle touches Currently, few researchers in China study sign language as a natural language from a linguistic(语言学) perspective.The developers hope that everyone can learn some basic sign language.Whether it's out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, 10 simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为ArtfulSign(中文名为“妙手”)的手语学习应用，包括其开发背景、功能特点、开发团队以及开发目的等信息。 考查连词。whether...or...为固定句型，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。 or 谢 谢 观 看 WELCOME UNIT $