内容正文:
Unit 7 Section A
语法精讲
人教版九年级上册
1
关系从句
定义
基本结构
关系代词
that, which, who
只用that的情况
省略that的情况
在复合句中作定语的从句叫关系从句(也叫定语从句)。
被关系从句所修饰或限定的词叫先行词。
引导关系从句的词是关系词,分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom等)和关系副词(where, why等)。
The car that my father bought is very cool.
我父亲买的那辆车很酷。
关系从句
定义
基本结构
关系从句有三个关键部分:
先行词:被关系从句修饰或限定的名词或代词,位于关
系从句的前面。
关系词:连接先行词和关系从句的词,它在先行词
和从句中间。
关系从句:就是用来修饰先行词的句子,跟在关系词后面。
关系从句、先行词和关系词在句中的顺序:
先行词+ 关系词+ 关系从句
I love movies that make me happy. 我喜欢让我开心的电影。
先行词
关系词
关系从句
先行词
关系词
关系从句
基本结构
She is the woman that sells fruit. 她就是那个卖水果的女人。
that
既可以指人,也可指物;在从句里可以当主语、表语、宾语。
She is the woman that sells vegetables.(作主语)
她就是那个卖菜的女人。
She is not the girl that she was.(作表语)
她不再是以前的那个女孩了。
This is the storybook that he bought.(作宾语)
这是他买的那本故事书。
1
关系代词
which
指物;在从句里可以当主语、表语、宾语。
Food which is polluted causes illness.(作主语)
被污染的食物会引发疾病。
The city isn’t the place which it used to be.(作表语)
这座城市不再是它过去的样子了。
I like the pen which you lent me.(作宾语)
我喜欢你借给我的那支钢笔。
2
关系代词
who
指人;在从句里可以当主语、表语、宾语。
She is the student who always asks interesting questions. (作主语)她就是那个总是提有趣问题的学生。
Do you remember the shy child who he was in primary school? (作表语)
你还记得他小学时那个害羞的孩子吗?
The friend who I met yesterday is from Canada.(作宾语)
我昨天遇到的那个朋友来自加拿大。
3
关系代词
只能用 that 的特殊情况
4
当先行词是all、little、much、none、everything、anything、nothing等不定代词时。
Is there everything that you need?
你需要的东西都有吗?
I have nothing that can help you.
我没有什么能帮到你的东西。
关系代词
4
当先行词前面有the only、the very、the last等修饰时。
This is the only bag that I have.
这是我唯一拥有的一个包。
That’s the very toy that my mom gave me.
那正是我妈妈给我的那个玩具。
关系代词
只能用 that 的特殊情况
4
当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
This is the first song that I learned.
这是我学的第一首歌。
It’s the most interesting film that I’ve seen.
这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
关系代词
只能用 that 的特殊情况
4
当主句是以特殊疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the car that you bought?
哪一辆是你买的车?
Which is the house that your uncle lives in?
哪一栋是你叔叔住的房子?
关系代词
只能用 that 的特殊情况
4
当先行词既有人又有物时。
We talked about the teachers and lessons that we liked.
我们谈论了我们喜欢的老师和课程。
I still remember the people and the things that I saw in the village. 我仍然记得我在村子里看到的人和事。
关系代词
只能用 that 的特殊情况
当关系代词 that 在关系从句中作宾语时,可以省略。但当 that 作主语时,则不可以省略。
5
Mary likes the bags (that) I bought her. 玛丽喜欢我给她买的包。
(that 是 bought 的宾语,可以省略)
He saw a river that was full of fish. 他看到一条满是鱼的河。
(that 是从句的主语,不可以省略)
关系代词
Doubao is a helpful app ________ offers many useful study materials for junior high school students.
A. who
B. which
C. whose
模拟考场
This is the only pen ______ I have in my bag.
A. which
B. who
C. that
模拟考场
语法填空。
1. The movie ___________ we watched last night was really exciting.
2. This is the best decision _______ I have ever made.
that/which
模拟考场
that
语法填空。
3. The girl __________ is crying over there is my sister.
4. I like the book __________ is on the desk.
who/ that
模拟考场
that/which
翻译句子。
1. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片!
________________________________________________________
2. 你谈到的那位作家及其作品在青少年中很受欢迎。
____________________________________________________________________________
I have some photos (that/which) I took in Australia last year.
模拟考场
The writer and his works (that) you talked about are very popular among teenagers.
$