专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文（期末真题汇编，全国通用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 精选24-25学年高一下学期多地区期末阅读理解真题，涵盖记叙文与议论文，主题聚焦社会文化、科技发展及个人成长，注重语篇理解与跨文化思维。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4题（共14篇56题）|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测|真实情境（如李月华带领村民种植黑果枸杞脱贫）；跨文化素材（如外国友人Jack学习中医）；能力梯度（从基础信息提取到高阶思维如人物性格分析）|

专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·福建泉州·期末） In the distant Dulongjiang Township of Yunnan Province, there lived a remarkable woman named Li Yuhua. As an eco - forest guardian and a cultural inheritor (继承人) of the Derung people, she contributed to protecting the green mountains and helping villagers achieve a better life. Once, Dulongjiang was distant, reachable only through winding mountain roads. The villagers lived a simple life with poor transportation and limited resources. Li Yuhua, however, saw the potential in this land. She encouraged villagers to plant black cardamom,a crop suitable for the mountainous environment. The plant can be made into a spice (香料) that is used in many cuisine dishes and offers some health benefits. At first, villagers were hesitant. But with the support of the local government, Li Yuhua invited agricultural experts to teach the villagers and increased the planting of this crop. By the end of 2021, over 46 square kilometers of land was used to grow black cardamom, creating a value of over 20 million yuan. The villagers’ annual income rose greatly, bringing hope to the entire community. To further improve their lives, Li Yuhua used the power of the internet. She taught villagers to sell products through online shopping platforms (平台), which allowed them to connect with the outside world and earn higher profits. The success of online sales even attracted young people to return home. For example, Chen Xuelong, a graduate from Yunnan Agricultural University, came back to help villagers sell forest products online. He designed packaging and promoted local goods through social media, doubling sales within a year. Under Li Yuhua’s leadership, Dulongjiang changed from a poor, closed-off area to a place balancing modern life and natural beauty. She says, “Everyone deserves success.” Her efforts helped villagers out of poor conditions and inspired youth to value culture and nature, making it a model where tradition and progress work together. 1. What did Li Yuhua advocate to get out of the poor condition? A. Improving transportation. B. Publicizing native resources. C. Upgrading farming techniques. D. Growing new agricultural product. 2. Why is Chen Xuelong mentioned? A. To highlight Li Yuhua’s influence. B. To prove social media’s popularity. C. To show how education helped the village. D. To stress Chen Xuelong’s personal success. 3. Which of the following best describes Li Yuhua? A. Strong-willed and humorous. B. Patient and independent. C. Forward-thinking and committed. D. Adventurous and emotional. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Guiding a Village to a Hopeful Future B. A Long Road to Online Success C. Supporting Rural Crop Planting D. A Key Crop for Mountain Villagers 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了在云南独龙江乡，生态森林守护者和独龙族文化传承人李玉花带领村民摆脱贫困，走向美好未来的故事。她鼓励村民种植适合山区环境的黑豆蔻，利用互联网帮助村民销售产品，吸引了年轻人返乡，使独龙江从贫穷封闭的地区变成了平衡现代生活与自然美景的地方。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Li Yuhua, however, saw the potential in this land. She encouraged villagers to plant black cardamom, a crop suitable for the mountainous environment.(然而，李玉花看到了这片土地的潜力。她鼓励村民种植黑豆蔻，这是一种适合山区环境的作物)”可知，李玉花主张通过种植新的农产品来摆脱贫困状况。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“The success of online sales even attracted young people to return home. For example, Chen Xuelong, a graduate from Yunnan Agricultural University, came back to help villagers sell forest products online.(网上销售的成功甚至吸引了年轻人回家。例如，云南农业大学毕业生陈学龙回来帮助村民在网上销售林产品)”可知，提到陈学龙是为了突出李玉花的影响，是她利用互联网帮助村民销售产品的做法吸引了年轻人返乡。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Li Yuhua, however, saw the potential in this land. She encouraged villagers to plant black cardamom, a crop suitable for the mountainous environment.(然而，李玉花看到了这片土地的潜力。她鼓励村民种植黑豆蔻，这是一种适合山区环境的作物)”可知李玉花鼓励村民种植黑豆蔻获得成功，可推理出她是有远见的人；再根据第三段“To further improve their lives, Li Yuhua used the power of the internet. She taught villagers to sell products through online shopping platforms(平台), which allowed them to connect with the outside world and earn higher profits.(为了进一步改善他们的生活，李玉花利用了互联网的力量。她教村民通过网上购物平台销售产品，这使他们能够与外界联系并获得更高的利润)”可知，李玉花利用了互联网的力量。她教村民通过网上购物平台销售产品，可推理出她利用互联网的力量尽心尽力地帮助村民，所以她是一个有远见且尽心尽力的人。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the distant Dulongjiang Township of Yunnan Province, there lived a remarkable woman named Li Yuhua. As an eco - forest guardian and a cultural inheritor(继承人) of the Derung people, she contributed to protecting the green mountains and helping villagers achieve a better life(在遥远的云南省独龙江乡，住着一位名叫李玉花的杰出女性。作为生态森林守护者和独龙族文化的传承者，她为保护绿水青山、帮助村民过上更好的生活做出了贡献)”、第二段“Li Yuhua, however, saw the potential in this land. She encouraged villagers to plant black cardamom, a crop suitable for the mountainous environment.(然而，李玉花看到了这片土地的潜力。她鼓励村民种植黑豆蔻，这是一种适合山区环境的作物)”、第三段“To further improve their lives, Li Yuhua used the power of the internet. She taught villagers to sell products through online shopping platforms(平台), which allowed them to connect with the outside world and earn higher profits.(为了进一步改善他们的生活，李玉花利用了互联网的力量。她教村民通过网上购物平台销售产品，这使他们能够与外界联系并获得更高的利润)”以及最后一段“Under Li Yuhua’s leadership, Dulongjiang changed from a poor, closed-off area to a place balancing modern life and natural beauty. She says, “Everyone deserves success.” Her efforts helped villagers out of poor conditions and inspired youth to value culture and nature, making it a model where tradition and progress work together(在李玉花的带领下，独龙江从一个人烟稀少、封闭落后的地区，变成了一个既能享受现代生活又能保持自然美景的地方。她说：“每个人都应该获得成功。”她的努力帮助村民们摆脱了贫困，并激励年轻人珍视文化和自然，使这里成为了传统与进步和谐共存的典范)”可知，原文第一段讲了李玉花是生态森林守护者和独龙族文化传承人，为保护绿水青山和帮助村民过上更好生活做出贡献。第二段和第三段讲了李玉花带领村民种植黑豆蔻和利用互联网销售产品，使村民收入增加，吸引年轻人返乡。最后一段讲了李玉花的努力帮助村民摆脱贫困，激励年轻人重视文化和自然。由此可知这篇文章的主要内容是李玉花引导村庄走向充满希望的未来。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东清远·期末） Over ten years ago, I walked into a small, cold classroom on the first floor of Towson High School. It was my junior year, and I’d feared this moment for months: It was finally time to take physics. But everything changed when I met Mr. Jochmans, or “Joch”, as we called him. He greeted us with a loud “Hello, my wonderful physics students!” and a big smile. He must have known how anxious we were, how truly nervous we were of physics and the math required to understand it. On that first day, Joch told us something we’d hold close for the rest of our lives — that our grades didn’t reflect our worth as human beings. This was a big deal at a tough school like Towson. He showed us that learning could be fun. Over the next year, Mr. Jochmans introduced us to the magic of physics — and school. He kept some snacks for students who hadn’t eaten breakfast; he played music during lab time. There were no stupid questions in Joch’s class, and if you didn’t understand a concept (概念), he’d stay after school with you for hours until you did. I ate lunch in Joch’s classroom nearly every day, from the beginning of junior year until I graduated in 2016. For two years we talked daily about everything — theatre, music, and sometimes physics. He told me about Michigan State University, where he went to college. For a while, I thought I’d study physics in college, maybe at Michigan State, because Joch made me love learning about speed and acceleration (加速度). But when I found a program in Canada to study theatre, Joch encouraged me to attend. When I applied to the University of Ottawa and got in, he was ecstatic. After I moved to Canada, we lost touch. I became a theatre critic, a job Joch had once suggested. In 2022, I visited Towson to lead a theatre criticism workshop, and, joy of joys, ran into Joch. Not only did he remember my name but he knew what I’d been up to. Mr. Jochmans passed away this month, just a week before the start of the new school year. He was the kind of teacher who made everyone feel special. 1. What do we know about Mr. Jochmans from paragraph 2? A. He made lab time more challenging. B. He helped students get high grades in physics. C. He advised students to compete with each other. D. He believed a person’s value was more than just grades. 2. What does the underlined word “ecstatic” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Pretty angry. B. Really confused. C. Extremely happy. D. Slightly disappointed. 3. What can we infer about the author’s career choice? A. The author worked as a leader of a theatre workshop. B. The author became a theatre critic on Mr. Jochmans’ advice. C. Mr. Jochmans had no influence on the author’s career decision. D. Mr. Jochmans supported the author’s choice of physics research. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To honour a teacher who influenced her life. B. To describe her experiences of learning physics. C. To explain how she developed interests in theatre. D. To advocate for kindness through her personal story. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了物理老师Jochmans对自己的影响，他关爱学生、鼓励成长，作者后来重逢并缅怀这位老师。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“On that first day, Joch told us something we’d hold close for the rest of our lives — that our grades didn’t reflect our worth as human beings.(在那第一天，乔赫告诉我们了一件会让我们铭记一生的事情——我们的成绩并不能完全反映我们作为人类的价值)”可知，约克曼先生认为一个人的价值不仅仅取决于成绩。故选D。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When I applied to the University of Ottawa and got in, he was(当我向渥太华大学提交申请并被录取后，他……)”可知，Mr. Jochmans支持作者选择戏剧，推测他得知作者被录取后他一定非常开心。故划线词意思是“非常开心”。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I became a theatre critic, a job Joch had once suggested.(我成了一名戏剧评论家，这个工作是约克曼先生曾经提议过的)”可知，作者是根据乔克曼先生的建议成为了一名戏剧评论家的。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. Jochmans passed away this month, just a week before the start of the new school year. He was the kind of teacher who made everyone feel special.(约赫曼斯先生本月去世了，就在新学年开始前的一周。他是那种能让每位学生都感到自己备受重视的老师)”结合文章回忆了物理老师Jochmans对自己的影响，他关爱学生、鼓励成长，作者后来重逢并缅怀这位老师。可知，作者撰写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念一位对她的人生产生深远影响的老师。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·河北邯郸·期末） Since Jack Anderson was a child, he has been deeply interested in Chinese culture. When Jack was ten years old, he watched a documentary about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The ideas of natural healing (治愈) and balance in the body immediately fascinated him. From then on, he decided to learn more about TCM. He saved his pocket money to buy books about Chinese herbs, acupuncture, and other treatments, studying the basics on his own. As Jack grew older, his passion for TCM became stronger. After finishing high school, he decided to travel to China to learn Traditional Chinese Medicine. He attended a well-known TCM school in Beijing. The study there was very demanding. Every day, Jack attended lectures on Chinese medical theory and practiced acupuncture and herbal medicine under the guidance of experienced teachers. Although the studies were difficult and sometimes confusing because of many differences, Jack worked hard and never gave up. In the beginning, Jack faced many challenges communicating with his teachers and classmates, as he did not know much Chinese. However, he learned important medical terms in Chinese, such as “zhong yi” (Chinese medicine), “zhen jiu” (acupuncture), and “cao yao” (herbs). With continuous effort, he gradually improved his language skills and better understood the lessons. After years of careful study and practice, Jack became skilled in many aspects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He learned how to diagnose (诊断) illnesses by observing patients’ pulse and tongue and how to treat various conditions using acupuncture and herbal medicine. He often took part in TCM workshops and received recognition for his knowledge. When Jack returned to the United States, he wanted to share the benefits of Traditional Chinese Medicine with his local community. He opened a small clinic where he treated patients patiently using acupuncture, herbal medicine, and other natural methods. Many people in his town began to trust and appreciate the treatments he provided. 1. What inspired Jack Anderson to study TCM? A. A trip to China when he was young. B. A film that introduced him to TCM. C. His parents’ recommendation of TCM. D. A book about TCM he found in a library. 2. Which words can best describe Jack Anderson? A. Curious and determined. B. Energetic and flexible. C. Generous and respected. D. Athletic and accessible. 3. What made Jack’s study in China challenging at first? A. Language barriers in class and life. B. Strict teachers and high tuition fees. C. Limited chances to praetice medicine. D. Unfamiliar culture and local customs. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Learning TCM B. A Foreigner’s Introduction to TCM C. A Journey to Master and Promote TCM D. The Benefits of TCM in Modern Society 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了杰克·安德森学习中医并在美国推广中医的经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“When Jack was ten years old, he watched a documentary about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The ideas of natural healing (治愈) and balance in the body immediately fascinated him. From then on, he decided to learn more about TCM. (当杰克十岁的时候，他看了一部关于中医的纪录片。自然治愈和身体平衡的想法立刻让他着迷。从那时起，他决定更多地学习中医。)”可知，一部关于中医的纪录片让杰克对中医着迷，决定学习中医，由此可知，促使杰克·安德森学习中医的是一部向他介绍中医的电影。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“When Jack was ten years old, he watched a documentary about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The ideas of natural healing (治愈) and balance in the body immediately fascinated him. From then on, he decided to learn more about TCM. (当杰克十岁的时候，他看了一部关于中医的纪录片。自然治愈和身体平衡的想法立刻让他着迷。从那时起，他决定更多地学习中医。)”可知，一部关于中医的纪录片让杰克对中医好奇，并决定学习中医，由此可知，他是一个有好奇心的人；根据第二段关键句“Although the studies were difficult and sometimes confusing because of many differences, Jack worked hard and never gave up. (尽管由于许多差异，这些研究很困难，有时甚至令人困惑，但杰克努力工作，从未放弃。)”可知，在学习中医的过程中，尽管遇到很多困难，但杰克从未放弃，由此可知，他是一个意志坚定的人，综上所述，杰克·安德森是一个有好奇心且意志坚定的人。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“In the beginning, Jack faced many challenges communicating with his teachers and classmates, as he did not know much Chinese. (起初，杰克在与老师和同学交流时面临着许多挑战，因为他不太懂中文。)”可知，起初，因为杰克不太懂中文，给生活和学习带来了许多挑战，由此可知，最初让杰克在中国的学习具有挑战性的是课堂和生活中的语言障碍。故选A项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“When Jack was ten years old, he watched a documentary about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The ideas of natural healing (治愈) and balance in the body immediately fascinated him. From then on, he decided to learn more about TCM. (当杰克十岁的时候，他看了一部关于中医的纪录片。自然治愈和身体平衡的想法立刻让他着迷。从那时起，他决定更多地学习中医。)”和最后一段关键句“When Jack returned to the United States, he wanted to share the benefits of Traditional Chinese Medicine with his local community. (当杰克回到美国时，他想与当地社区分享中医药的好处。)”可知，本文讲述了杰克·安德森学习中医并在美国推广中医的经历，“A Journey to Master and Promote TCM”意为“掌握和推广中医之旅”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·河北衡水·期末） Peru is famously known as “Land of the Incas”. A trip to Peru has been on my wish list for quite a while. It was finally time for me to visit the country. My first day started in Lima, the capital of Peru. I met with the G Adventures representative (代表) here about the tour. G Adventures is an organization that helps you to connect with other like-minded people in small group-based travel adventures. They played a big part in helping to make Peru an unforgettable experience for me! In Lima, my representative discussed the plan of my tour, and I also had the chance to explore Lima in my own time, with many activities, including a city tour, show, biking tour, and more. Day two had me taking a flight from Lima to Cusco. Many people visit Cusco for shopping but for me, the main reason for spending a day or two in Cusco was to acclimatize (适应) to the altitude (海拔). As I’d decided to reach the wonder of Machu Picchu, acclimatizing became important to avoid altitude sickness. I was happy to spend a day exploring Cusco. Cusco was once the capital of the Inca Empire. Today, it’s famous for its artists, paintings, clothing and traditional instruments. There’s something for everyone in this city. The day finally came! Day three had me enjoying a lovely guided visit to Machu Picchu at sunrise. I had free time to explore the city on my own as well as with my guide. It was a lot to take in! I had to stop for a moment and felt the energy of such an ancient city. The history here was unbelievable and I will never forget my time here for as long as I live! 1. What is the author’s attitude to G Adventures? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Uninterested. D. Hopeful. 2. Why did the author stay in Cusco? A. To go shopping. B. To find a local guide. C. To get used to the high altitude. D. To do research about the Inca Empire. 3. How did the author feel when traveling around Machu Picchu? A. Full of excitement. B. Out of luck. C. Lost in doubt. D. Deep in regret. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. My love of traveling B. My wonderful trip to Peru C. Peru: “Land of the Incas”. D. Traveling: the future of Peru. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者旅游秘鲁的故事。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“G Adventures is an organization that helps you to connect with other like-minded people in small group-based travel adventures. They played a big part in helping to make Peru an unforgettable experience for me!”（G Adventures是一个组织，它可以帮助你与其他志同道合的人在小型团体旅行冒险中建立联系。他们在让秘鲁成为我难忘的经历中发挥了重要作用！）可推知，作者对G Adventures的态度是很满意的。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many people visit Cusco for shopping but for me, the main reason for spending a day or two in Cusco was to acclimatize (适应) to the altitude (海拔).”（很多人来库斯科是为了购物，但对我来说，在库斯科呆一两天的主要原因是为了适应这里的海拔高度。）可知，作者留在库斯科是为了适应高海拔。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Day three had me enjoying a lovely guided visit to Machu Picchu at sunrise. I had free time to explore the city on my own as well as with my guide. It was a lot to take in! I had to stop for a moment and felt the energy of such an ancient city. The history here was unbelievable and I will never forget my time here for as long as I live!”（第三天，在导游的带领下，我在日出时分游览了马丘比丘。我有空闲时间独自探索这座城市，也有时间和我的导游一起探索。这可真让人难以接受!我不得不停下来片刻，感受这样一个古老城市的活力。这里的历史令人难以置信，只要我活着，我就永远不会忘记我在这里的时光！）可推知，在马丘比丘旅行时，作者心里充满激动。故选A项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Peru is famously known as “Land of the Incas”. A trip to Peru has been on my wish list for quite a while. It was finally time for me to visit the country.”（秘鲁以“印加人之地”而闻名。去秘鲁旅行已经在我的愿望清单上很久了。终于到了我访问这个国家的时候了。）和后文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者拜访秘鲁的旅行。所以B项“My wonderful trip to Peru.”（我愉快的秘鲁之旅）切合文意。故选B项。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州·期末） Michael Yellow-lees set off to complete a 5,000-mile walk across Canada in the spring of 2021, wearing a kilt(短褶裙)and carrying a few items in a handcart, including a guitar. The 32-year-old musician from Dunked, Scotland, walked from the shores of the Pacific Occam to the cast coast of Newfoundland on the edge of the North Atlantic with his pet dog, Luna, an Alaskan husky, by his side. Speaking about the Scottish Highlands, Mr.Yellow-lees said,“It is a beautiful landscape, but with a strong sense of sadness because of the absence of woodland,wildlife and people. So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life, a Scottish rewinding charity, and its work to restore(恢复)Scotland’s Caledonian Forest.” The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. He also mentioned a moment when he lost Luna after she jumped out of a little boat during a trip in the waterway section of the Trans Canada Trail in Nor-them Ontario. Yet Mr Yellow-lees was deeply touched by the warmth of the people along the way. In every town and village,people offered him food, shelter and donations. And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV. Steve Mickie wright,chief executive officer of Trees for Life,said, “We followed Michael’s journey across Canada with respect and admiration. Restoring native habitats and wildlife to the Highlands is a big task that no one can do alone. But Michael’s extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference.” Bob Davidson, one of Michael Yellow-lees’ friends, said, “This is not a slow walk in the park, but a long march with heavy equipment on the rough road at an incredible pace. He’s an amazing guy.” 1. What do we know about Scottish Highlands from the passage? A. It is located in the east coast of Britain. B. It is a beautiful landscape but full of sorrows. C. It may be once the site of extensive forests. D. It is closely related to a charity in Canada 2. According to Paragraph 3, Michael’s journey . A. involved great excitement and fun B. was a challenging experience C. was troubled by his companion Luna D. once made him regret his decision 3. What attitudes did people along the way hold towards Michael’s action? A. Neutral B. Supportive C. Doubtful D. Indifferent 4. Which of the following statements may Steve Mickie wright’s may agree with? A. We need to respect those who protect the environment. B. It is not wise to take a long journey alone in the wild. C. Ordinary people who aim high can work wonders. D. People needs great survival skills in daily life. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是Michael独自穿越加拿大，在旅程的过程中困难重重。通过这次旅程来支持环保组织。该故事表明的是志存高远的人是可以创造奇迹的。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life, a Scottish rewinding charity, and its work to restore Scotland’s Caledonian Forest.(所以我决定穿越加拿大的荒野，为苏格兰的倒带慈善机构“生命之树”(Trees for Life)及其恢复苏格兰加里东森林(Caledonian Forest)的工作筹集资金)”可推知，苏格兰高地可能曾经是大片森林的所在地。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. He also mentioned a moment when he lost Luna after she jumped out of a little boat during a trip in the waterway section of the Trans Canada Trail in Nor-them Ontario.(这位热情的步行者分享了他的一些经历，包括遇到黑熊，在晚上听到狼的嚎叫。他还提到，在安大略省诺塞姆的跨加拿大步道水道段旅行时，卢娜从一艘小船上跳了下来，他失去了她)”可知，迈克尔的旅程是一次具有挑战性的经历。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Yet Mr Yellow-lees was deeply touched by the warmth of the people along the way. In every town and village,people offered him food, shelter and donations.(然而，沿途人们的热情却深深打动了黄利斯先生。在每个城镇和村庄，人们为他提供食物、住所和捐款)”可知，一路上人们对迈克尔的行为是支持的。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Steve Mickie wright,chief executive officer of Trees for Life,said, “We followed Michael’s journey across Canada with respect and admiration. Restoring native habitats and wildlife to the Highlands is a big task that no one can do alone. But Michael’s extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference.”(“生命之树”的首席执行官Steve Mickie wright说：“我们怀着尊敬和钦佩的心情跟随迈克尔的加拿大之旅。恢复高地的原生栖息地和野生动物是一项艰巨的任务，没有人能独自完成。但迈克尔的非凡旅程证明，一个人真的可以有所作为。”)”结合选项句意，可推知C项“Ordinary people who aim high can work wonders.(志存高远的普通人也能创造奇迹)”与Steve Mickie wright所说的话意思相近，他可能会同意。故选C项。 主题02 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） Air pollution remains a global health crisis, responsible for 4.7 million early deaths worldwide in 2021 — about the same as road-traffic accidents, malaria and suicides combined. While road traffic significantly contributes to this problem, the shift to electric vehicles (EVs) presents both promise and challenges that deserve careful examination. Unlike traditional cars, EVs produce no direct exhaust emissions (尾气排放), making them crucial for urban air quality improvement. However, they still produce considerable non-exhaust pollutants from brake, tire and road wear (磨损). These micro particles (颗粒), particularly those smaller than 2.5 microns, pose serious health risks by getting into the lungs and other organs via the bloodstream, potentially causing heart or lung disease, stroke, and cancer. One 2021 study by researchers at the University of Southampton found some brake-pad dust seems more damaging to lung cells, partly due to higher levels of copper, which can damage cells and DNA. Scientists estimate that EVs produce more of these non-exhaust particles than other cars because their batteries make them heavier, the weight averaging 2,133 kg, compared to 1,500-1,800 kg for traditional vehicles, causing them to generate more friction (摩擦). Despite this, EVs are still mostly less polluting than other cars. They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down. Comparative studies show EVs emit about 14 mg/ km of fine particles versus 18 mg/ km for petrol when accounting for all sources. To maximize EV benefits, several strategies are significant. One way is to regulate non-exhaust emissions in a similar way to exhaust. Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed. Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants. 1. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To promote the use of EVs. B. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of EVs. C. To argue about car pollution. D. To compare two types of vehicle pollution. 2. How do regenerative braking systems in EVs reduce pollution? A. Stop using brakes completely B. Turn motion into battery power C. Prevent harmful particles D. Make the car lighter. 3. Which best explains “relocating” in Paragraph 4? A. reducing. B. shifting. C. hiding. D. measuring. 4. What can be inferred about oversized EVs? A. They may cause unnecessary pollution. B. They help regulate emissions. C. They are powered with renewable sources. D. They show technological progress. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕电动汽车与空气污染这一主题展开。阐述了电动汽车改善城市空气质量的潜力，也分析了面临的挑战。通过研究说明电动汽车非尾气颗粒物危害更大的原因，又通过对比研究肯定了电动汽车整体污染仍较低且具备环保优势。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕电动汽车展开，既阐述了其优势（无直接尾气排放、总体污染少于传统汽车、再生制动系统减少污染等），也分析了其存在的问题（产生非尾气污染物、因重量大导致颗粒排放更多等），最后还提出了最大化电动汽车益处的策略。由此可知，文章主要讨论了电动汽车的优缺点。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down.(它们的环境优势部分源于再生制动系统：当司机松开踏板时，汽车持续的前进动力会被回收以给电池充电，从而使汽车减速。)”可知，电动汽车的再生制动系统在司机松开踏板时，会将汽车持续的前进动力回收以给电池充电，从而实现减速。这一过程减少了传统刹车的使用频率，进而减少了刹车磨损产生的污染物，其核心是将运动转化为电池电力。故选B。 【3题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants.(此外，为电动汽车供电的电力必须来自可再生能源，以避免污染只是简单地……到发电厂。)”可知，若电动汽车的电力来自非可再生能源，污染就会从汽车转移到发电厂。划线单词意为“转移”，选项B“shifting”意为“转移”，与此相符。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed.(鼓励人们考虑购买小型汽车——尽管这并非易事，因为车身越大，通常意味着电池越大、越重，而最大容量电池所提供的额外续航里程可能根本用不上。)”可知，大型电动汽车通常配备更大更重的电池，而其提供的额外续航可能根本用不上。结合前文提到电动汽车因重量大产生更多非尾气污染物，可推断大型电动汽车可能因不必要的重量和电池规模导致多余的污染。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东清远·期末） Recently at Phoenix airport, I entered a taxi and, as driverless cars moved alongside us on the highway, the driver asked me what I thought about AI. Before I could respond, he began complaining about how AI would influence human jobs — in the era of AI, he said, humans will finally end up with no work. I could argue that AI — like machine learning and big language models — will clearly help important fields like healthcare. But there are real worries too, like hackers (黑客) misusing it or the huge energy needed for data centers. Still, I’m not too concerned about AI taking over people’s jobs. Why not? Because of “Polanyi’s Paradox” — the idea that humans know things we can’t explain, which limits AI’s ability to copy key human skills. For example, in math, we can describe processes involving data collection and analysis that can be taught to students. That’s explicit knowledge, which enables us to program a computer to analyze and learn from data. But many human activities use abilities we understand intuitively (直觉地) but cannot clearly explain. This is implicit knowledge. Therefore, human subjective experiences, beliefs and empathy (共情) form unbeatable barriers (障碍) that keep AI from replacing humans at work. As Dr. Tom McClelland at Clare College observed, it’s one thing to win a game of chess; another thing to feel the excitement of victory. That’s because those internal processes come from human consciousness (意识), which plays an important role in the development of humans — biologically, culturally and behaviorally, all of which form the basis of our society. You can’t program consciousness — mountains of literature and research have been published on the subject, and yet we still can’t agree on what it is. These barriers to AI’s failure in replacing humans don’t necessarily benefit my Phoenix taxi driver, who must compete with driverless cars. But they should remind us that we’ve faced similar fears before — and that technology has improved, not lowered, our quality of life over the centuries. 1. What did the taxi driver at Phoenix airport worry about? A. Driverless cars are too fast. B. He will lose his job due to AI. C. Hackers will attack his phone. D. Data centers need too much energy. 2. How does explicit knowledge differ from implicit knowledge? A. It can be shown clearly. B. It is based on math skills. C. It is spread through teachers. D. It can be processed intuitively. 3. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. How human society functions. B. How humans have changed over time. C. Why AI can’t replace humans completely. D. Why people can’t program consciousness. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI and the Future of Work: To Fear or Not to Fear B. Humans vs. AI: The Battle for Technological Control C. AI in Daily Life: From Driverless Cars to Healthcare D. Polanyi’s Paradox: The Key to Realizing AI’s Potential 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者认为虽然人工智能发展迅速，但基于“波拉尼悖论”，它无法完全取代人类工作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before I could respond, he began complaining about how AI would influence human jobs — in the era of AI, he said, humans will finally end up with no work.(我还没来得及回答，他就开始抱怨人工智能将如何影响人类的工作——他说，在人工智能时代，人类最终将失去工作)”可知，出租车司机担心人工智能会导致人类失去工作，自己也会因此失业。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, in math, we can describe processes involving data collection and analysis that can be taught to students. That’s explicit knowledge, which enables us to program a computer to analyze and learn from data. But many human activities use abilities we understand intuitively but cannot clearly explain. This is implicit knowledge.(例如，在数学领域，我们能够描述涉及数据收集和分析的过程，这些过程是可以教授给学生的。这是显性知识，它使我们能够对计算机进行编程，以分析和学习数据。但许多人类活动使用的能力是我们凭直觉理解的，但却无法清楚解释。这是隐性知识)”可知，显性知识是可以清晰描述和解释的，而隐性知识是直觉上理解但无法明确说明的，二者的区别在于显性知识能被清晰展示。故选A。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Therefore, human subjective experiences, beliefs and empathy form unbeatable barriers that keep AI from replacing humans at work.(因此，人类的主观体验、信仰和同理心构成了不可逾越的障碍，使人工智能无法取代人类的工作)”可知，人类意识等因素是人工智能无法完全替代人类的原因，故第四段主要讲了为什么人工智能不能完全取代人类。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕人工智能是否会取代人类工作展开，先提及人们对AI取代工作的担忧，再通过“波拉尼悖论”等观点说明AI难以取代人类的原因，最终表达不必过度担心AI对工作的冲击。A 选项“AI 与工作的未来：恐惧还是不恐惧”能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·浙江宁波·期末） Last week, I visited my local bank to put a cheque into my account. While the procedure itself was relatively simple and user-friendly, I chose to double-check the details with the teller (出纳员) to ensure accuracy. The teller, apparently new to role, was unsure about the steps. He called his manager for assistance. The manager patiently explained everything to me, and I really appreciated what he did. However, as the manager explained the steps, I couldn’t help but notice the teller’s lack of engagement. Instead of absorbing the guidance, he occupied himself with something else. What struck me most was the manager’s passive response to this behavior. Rather than encouraging the teller to focus on his instruction attentively, he simply completed the task himself and returned to his office. On my way home, reflecting on the situation, I realized that the manager failed to use a preventive method. This might lead to the teller’s asking for help again in the future, causing the manager to repeatedly leave his desk to manage the same issues. This would definitely interrupt the manager’s routine work and waste his precious time, which could otherwise be better spent on his core duties. Obviously, if the root cause of the problem is not solved, such situation will happen more than once again, and it will potentially affect customer satisfaction. This experience reveals a fundamental truth: It is a must to enable people to handle tasks independent of external assistance. We shouldn’t emphasize the significance of having a clear vision too much. It involves predicting future needs and making the right moves to solve them. Thus, we should begin with the end in mind, planning for long-term success. After all, sustainable success begins not with fixing today’s issues, but with preventing tomorrow’s. 1. Why did the teller turn to the manager for help? A. He was busy with other affairs. B. The procedure was too complex. C. He had uncertainty as a new employee. D. The matter was not in the charge of him. 2. What kind of help did the manager offer to the teller? A. Absolute replacement. B. Passive response. C. Professional guidance. D. Sincere encouragement. 3. What key strategy does the author recommend to solve such issues? A. Making a further plan about regulation. B. Emphasizing the importance of prevention. C. Having a clear vision of personal development. D. Cultivating independence through empowerment. 4. Which of the following proverbs best matches the main idea of the text? A. Many hands make light work. B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. C. Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. D. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在银行目睹经理未有效引导新出纳员，强调培养员工独立处理任务能力及预防问题的重要性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The teller, apparently new to role, was unsure about the steps. He called his manager for assistance. (这位出纳员显然是新来的，对步骤不太确定。他打电话给经理寻求帮助)”可知，出纳员向经理求助，这是因为作为新员工，出纳员对工作不确定。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The manager patiently explained everything to me, and I really appreciated what he did. (经理耐心地向我解释了一切，我真的很感激他所做的一切)”以及第二段“However, as the manager explained the steps, I couldn’t help but notice the teller’s lack of engagement. Instead of absorbing the guidance, he occupied himself with something else. What struck me most was the manager’s passive response to this behavior. Rather than encouraging the teller to focus on his instruction attentively, he simply completed the task himself and returned to his office.(然而，当经理解释这些步骤时，我忍不住注意到出纳员没有参与。他没有吸收指导，而是忙于其他事情。最让我印象深刻的是经理对这种行为的被动反应。他没有鼓励出纳员专心听讲，而是自己完成了任务，回到了办公室)”可知，经理帮助出纳员完成了出纳员本该做的工作，并且没有出纳员专心听讲，由此可知，经理提供的是绝对替代型的帮助。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This experience reveals a fundamental truth: It is a must to enable people to handle tasks independent of external assistance. (这段经历揭示了一个基本真理：必须让人们能够独立处理任务，而不依赖外部帮助)”可知，作者推荐解决此类问题的关键策略是通过授权培养独立性。故选D项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者在银行办理业务时，遇到一位新出纳员对业务不熟悉，向经理求助，但经理只是自己完成了任务，没有真正帮助出纳员学会如何处理，作者由此意识到，应该让人们学会独立处理任务，而不是总是依赖外部帮助。谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”与文章的意思相符，即教给人技能比直接给予帮助更有价值。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏镇江·期末） Jen Miller isn’t your typical librarian, because she’s also a TikTok star. There are dozens of books placed on top of her shelves, waiting to be processed and shelved or to have their spines (书脊) and covers repaired. She’ll broadcast that process for her more than 450,000 followers once the school day ends. Miller’s account, “Meet Me in the Media Center,” is a fixture on “LibraryTok,” a community of creators who also happen to be librarians. As budget (预算) cuts threaten the familiar spots many are attached to, Miller and other members of LibraryTok are bringing joy back into the library experience. “I just want students to love to read and feel welcome here,” Miller told CNN. “I don’t want them to stress about late fees or damaged books—just to feel safe.” Since joining TikTok in 2023, Miller has attracted an enthusiastic fanbase of viewers who enjoy watching her do her job. There’s an everyday appeal to Miller’s content, which resonates (共鸣) with many viewers nostalgic (怀旧的) for their school days. It’s there in the familiar sound her scanner (扫描仪) makes when a book is returned on time, or in the joy viewers get when they spot books on her shelves that they loved reading in middle school. Miller said commenters have repeatedly referred to her as a “comfort creator,” a view she considers as “the highest praise ever.” Some viewers have been inspired to support their favorite LibraryTok personalities offline. Miller started the “Library Love” series to feature different librarians seeking donations for items like picture books, desks and cleaning supplies. Her followers bought out the entire wishlists of seven libraries, she said. Miller didn’t have TikTok until she started her account and had only heard about the “negative sides” of the app. Upon her entry into the “LibraryTok” space, she found the opposite could be true. 1. What does Miller broadcast on TikTok? A. Roles of school libraries. B. Recommendations of books. C. Behaviors of her followers. D. Aspects of her job. 2. What earns Miller the title “comfort creator”? A. Sharing beloved books with viewers. B. Recording familiar school sounds. C. Bringing back warm school memories. D. Introducing common library tools. 3. Why does the author mention “Library Love” series? A. To promote offline donation methods. B. To inspire students to read books. C. To show Miller’s influence on fans. D. To seek supplies for libraries in need. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Miller? A. Responsible and generous. B. Devoted and creative. C. Humorous and professional. D. Comforting and sensitive. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了图书管理员Jen Miller通过TikTok平台分享日常工作，吸引大量粉丝关注，成为“Library Tok”社区的明星，并通过创意内容和线下活动带动图书馆支持的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“There are dozens of books placed on top of her shelves, waiting to be processed and shelved or to have their spines (书脊) and covers repaired. She’ll broadcast that process for her more than 450,000 followers once the school day ends. (她的书架上放着几十本书，等待处理和上架，或者修复书脊和封面。放学后，她会向超过45万的粉丝直播这一过程)”可知，Miller在TikTok上直播的是她工作的内容。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“There’s an everyday appeal to Miller’s content, which resonates (共鸣) with many viewers nostalgic (怀旧的) for their school days. (Miller的内容有一种日常的吸引力，引起了许多对学校生活怀旧的观众的共鸣)”可知，Miller被称为“安慰创作者”是因为她的内容唤起了观众对学校生活的温暖回忆。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Some viewers have been inspired to support their favorite LibraryTok personalities offline. Miller started the ‘Library Love’ series to feature different librarians seeking donations for items like picture books, desks and cleaning supplies. Her followers bought out the entire wishlists of seven libraries, she said. (一些观众受到启发，线下支持他们最喜欢的Library Tok人物。Miller开始了“图书馆之爱”系列，介绍不同的图书管理员为图画书、桌子和清洁用品等物品寻求捐赠。她说，她的粉丝们买下了七个图书馆的全部愿望清单)”可知，提到Library Love系列是为了展示Miller对粉丝的影响力。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As budget (预算) cuts threaten the familiar spots many are attached to, Miller and other members of LibraryTok are bringing joy back into the library experience. (随着预算削减威胁到许多人熟悉的场所，Miller和LibraryTok的其他成员正在为图书馆体验重新带来欢乐)”和第四段“Her followers bought out the entire wishlists of seven libraries, she said. (她说，她的粉丝们买下了七个图书馆的全部愿望清单)”可知，Miller不仅致力于自己的工作，还通过创新的方式吸引粉丝支持图书馆，体现出她的奉献精神和创造力。故选B项。 主题03 人与自我—学习与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东深圳·期末） Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 1. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 2. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 3. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 4. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章中，作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. (事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。)”可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. ”（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”以及最后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。)”可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)”以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.(我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它——我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。)”可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·浙江杭州·期末） My backpack weighed 53 pounds, filled with dried food, water, and necessities for my first long-distance hike on Canada’s 180-kilometre Sunshine Coast Trail. The journey to the trailhead (登山口) was an adventure in itself — riding my motorcycle in the rain, taking buses, and finally a rubber boat to Sarah Point. As I set off, I felt a mix of excitement and fear. Backcountry trips weren’t new to me, but 15 days alone in the wilderness was a different beast. I was fascinated with all the trail had to offer. Some parts were wide and flat, while others were narrow, steep, and even overgrown. Each night, I stayed in a different hut, living a unique life each day. At Bliss Portage Hut, I found peace on a hidden bench overlooking a forest. Sitting there, I realized how rare it is to have the forest completely to oneself. Hiking develops a unique friendship. Along the way, I kept hearing about Pierre, a cheerful Frenchman with long, curly hair. When we finally met on Tin Hat Mountain, it felt like reuniting with an old friend. We laughed about how the trail had connected us before we even crossed paths. It struck me how such journeys remove pretences (做作), leaving only human connection. Why do people hike? Is it for the views, the loneliness, or the challenge? For me, it was about independence and adventure, a chance to experience real life. The trail became a pilgrimage (朝圣之旅), reconnecting me with the world and myself. Each step reminded me of our smallness in the universe yet our great feelings. Upon completion, I found my motorcycle, feeling a bittersweet mix of achievement and loss. Returning to city life felt dreamlike, as if the past 15 days had been a dream. The trail had changed me, teaching me to appreciate simpleness and freedom, lessons I’d carry long after the hike ended. Life on the trail was a reminder of what truly matters. 1. What did the author experience before getting to the trailhead? A. He joined a package tour. B. He came across a wild beast. C. He covered 180 kilometres. D. He used various means of transportation. 2. What was the trip like according to paragraph 2? A. It was short of excitement. B. It was basically a desert hike. C. It offered a variety of experiences. D. It brought a sense of loneliness. 3. What was the author’s friendship with Pierre based on? A. Shared experience. B. Sincere care. C. Similar backgrounds. D. Regular contacts. 4. What lesson might the author learn from the trip? A. Simplicity and freedom are valuable. B. Happiness is what truly matters. C. Nothing can compare with city life. D. Living a simple life is never possible. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在加拿大阳光海岸步道进行长途徒步旅行的经历，包括到达登山口的过程、沿途的体验、与他人的相遇，以及旅行结束后的心得体会。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The journey to the trailhead was an adventure in itself — riding my motorcycle in the rain, taking buses, and finally a rubber boat to Sarah Point. (前往登山口的旅程本身就是一场冒险——雨中骑摩托车、乘巴士，最后搭乘橡皮艇到达莎拉角。)”可知，作者为了到达登山口，经历了骑摩托车、坐公交车、乘坐橡皮艇等多种交通方式。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I was fascinated with all the trail had to offer. Some parts were wide and flat, while others were narrow, steep, and even overgrown. Each night, I stayed in a different hut, living a unique life each day. (我深深着迷于这条步道所带来的一切。步道有些路段宽阔平坦，而有些则狭窄陡峭，甚至草木丛生。每晚我都住在不同的小木屋里，每一天都过着独特的生活。)”可知，这次徒步旅行为作者提供了多种多样的体验，包括不同地形的路段和每晚不同的小屋住宿。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“When we finally met on Tin Hat Mountain, it felt like reuniting with an old friend. We laughed about how the trail had connected us before we even crossed paths. It struck me how such journeys remove pretences, leaving only human connection. (当我们最终在锡帽山相遇时，那种感觉就像与老友重逢。我们笑着谈论这条步道如何在我们相遇之前就已将彼此相连。我突然意识到，这样的旅程会卸下所有矫饰，只留下人与人之间的纯粹联结。)”可知，作者沿途不断听到关于Pierre的事，两人素未谋面却如老友重逢，他们对同一段旅程的共同参与让他们产生了联系，因此推断作者和Pierre的友谊建立在共同的徒步经历上。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The trail had changed me, teaching me to appreciate simpleness and freedom, lessons I’d carry long after the hike ended. (这条步道改变了我，教会我懂得珍惜简单与自由，而这些感悟在徒步结束后仍会长久地伴随我。)”可知，作者从这次旅行中领悟到了简单和自由的宝贵。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏苏州·期末） “When choosing a career, I’ve always believed that young people should seek what they truly love.” That’s exactly the path Moyun has taken. Moyun, a music influencer, gained fame by covering (翻唱) pop songs on the guzheng. Since 2014, her Bilibili uploads have earned millions of views. Despite the overnight success, Moyun didn’t let it upset her life. “I was still a student at the time, and during those years focused on studying, the video’s sudden popularity didn’t really change my daily routine,” she recalled. But the wave of positive comments from the audience greatly inspired her to follow her love for the guzheng. With this drive, Moyun has gained many fans by playing modern songs on the old guzheng and slowly created her own special way of mixing old and new music styles. One standout example of her works is the cover of the Eagles’ Hotel California, which has gotten over 20 million views on YouTube. Many international viewers, after watching her videos, are amazed by her performances and often ask the same question: “What instrument is this? I’ve never seen it before.” To Moyun, it’s unfortunate that the guzheng is not well-known outside of China. She thinks the common English translation for guzheng- “Chinese zither” -is not quite right. However, she is hopeful that this will change, especially as more young people in China seek to reconnect with their cultural roots. “I believe that when we present the guzheng with cultural confidence on global stages, introducing it proudly by name, it will become the accepted universal term,” Moyun said. Next, Moyun plans to play modern songs from different types of music using the guzheng, challenging ideas about traditional Chinese instruments. With a focus on finger-style techniques and original compositions, she aims to expand what the guzheng can do. “Don’t limit yourself — explore more,” she said. 1. What did Moyun do after her sudden success? A. She quit her studies. B. She changed her performing style. C. She turned a professional. D. She went about her daily life as usual. 2. What makes Moyun’s music particularly special? A. Having unique stage presence. B. Mixing traditional and modern styles. C. Reaching global followers online. D. Focusing on covering classical music. 3. What does Moyun’s attitude to the term “Chinese zither” indicate? A. She favors spreading Chinese culture confidently. B. She regards the guzheng as a type of the zither C. She credits the guzheng’s global fame to the term. D. She hopes Chinese young people reconnect with western culture. 4. Which of the following best describes Moyun? A. Innovative. B. Honest. C. Considerate. D. Generous. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了古筝音乐人墨韵的成名经历及音乐追求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““I was still a student at the time, and during those years focused on studying, the video’s sudden popularity didn’t really change my daily routine,” she recalled. (“我当时还是一名学生，在那几年专注于学习，视频的突然走红并没有真正改变我的日常生活，”她回忆道。)”可知，墨韵在突然走红后，她的日常生活还是和往常一样。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“With this drive, Moyun has gained many fans by playing modern songs on the old guzheng and slowly created her own special way of mixing old and new music styles. (在这种动力驱使下，墨韵用古老的古筝演奏现代歌曲，赢得了许多粉丝，并逐渐创造了自己独特的融合新旧音乐风格的方式。)”可知，墨韵的音乐特别之处在于她将传统和现代的风格融合在一起。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“To Moyun, it’s unfortunate that the guzheng is not well-known outside of China. She thinks the common English translation for guzheng- “Chinese zither” -is not quite right. However, she is hopeful that this will change, especially as more young people in China seek to reconnect with their cultural roots. (对墨韵来说，古筝在中国以外并不为人所知，这是不幸的。她认为古筝常见的英文翻译“Chinese zither”不太准确。然而，她希望这种情况会有所改变，尤其是随着越来越多的中国年轻人寻求与他们的文化根源重新建立联系。)”以及倒数第二段““I believe that when we present the guzheng with cultural confidence on global stages, introducing it proudly by name, it will become the accepted universal term,” Moyun said. (“我相信，当我们带着文化自信在全球舞台上展示古筝，并自豪地介绍它的名字时，它将成为被广泛接受的通用术语，”墨韵说道。)”可推知，墨韵对“Chinese zither”这个词的态度表明她支持自信地传播中国文化。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Next, Moyun plans to play modern songs from different types of music using the guzheng, challenging ideas about traditional Chinese instruments. With a focus on finger-style techniques and original compositions, she aims to expand what the guzheng can do. (接下来，墨韵计划用古筝演奏不同类型的现代歌曲，挑战人们对中国传统乐器的看法。她专注于指法技巧和原创作品，旨在拓展古筝的演奏范围。)”可知，墨韵是一个有创新精神的人。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末） At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: “Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”. When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke(笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, “When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two-dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you’ve applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine.” I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.” 1. What did the author initially think of her name “Chen Yiwen”? A. It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B. She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C. She understood the intention but still disliked it. D. Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 2. The author decided to learn calligraphy to ______. A. pick up a new hobby B. reconnect with her origin C. gain insights into a new culture D. fit in with local community 3. From the teacher’s words, the author learns that calligraphy ______. A. reflects the creator’s spirits B. comes from creative energy C. highlights the design of strokes D. depends on continuous practice 4. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Appreciate what our culture offers. B. Find beauty from your inner self. C. A great teacher leads you to truth. D. We are the sum of what we create. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟，包括初次接触书法时的情景，名字的由来，在美国放弃中文名，回到香港学习书法的原因，老师对自己的评价，以及通过书法对自身的思考和认识等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.( 我的父母是华裔，所以他们请算命先生给我取名字，希望能给我带来最大的好运。于是，我给自己取了一个毫无意义又尴尬的名字：陈薏温，意思大致是“陈旧”、“薏米”、“温暖”)”可知， 作者认为自己的名字“Chen Yi wen”是无意义且令人尴尬的，虽然父母是为了追求最大的运气才取这个名字，但她还是不喜欢。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought.(当我在美国生活了14年后，于2021年搬到香港时，我决定学习书法。为什么不跟我的传统联系一下呢？我想)”可知，作者决定学习书法是为了重新接触自己的文化根源。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的字对我说：“这个字好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个字就是你。”)”可推知，从老师的话中，作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段“During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的字对我说：“这个字好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个字就是你。”)”可知，作者最初学习书法是为了 “接触文化遗产（get back in touch with my heritage）”，但过程中逐渐意识到 “what I was really seeking was a return to myself（我真正寻求的是回归自我）”，最终感悟到 “the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully（书法带来的乐趣让我更全面地了解自己）”。老师最后评价她的字 “this word is yours（这个字是你的）”，暗指 “字如其人”，作者通过书法探索自我、发现内在的价值与美好。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末） On a bright July day in the Nangili, Kenya, the kids from the village gathered at Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans, to kick around a soccer ball made from waste plastic bags tied tightly together with rope. Blessed Children’s Home has no running water, television or social media. They live on a diet mostly consisting of rice and vegetables. For drinking water, they use collected rainwater and water drawn from a hand-dug unfiltered well. The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. The training we received from Kenya’s world-class runners was excellent, but our most memorable experiences in Kenya were with the orphans at Blessed Children’s Home. When we arrived there, the children welcomed us warmly. Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. We spent many hours a day with them, laughing, running, competing, and playing. Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. I want to study business in college so I can help set up social enterprises in Africa that would give opportunities to kids like the orphans I met. They have taught me more than I ever imagined. I realize now that I can learn the deepest life lessons from people with whom I might have thought I had little in common. I look forward to returning to Nangili to play with them again. 1. What does Blessed Children’s Home do? A. It helps poor children survive. B. It shares children’s stories in Kenya. C. It fights for children’s rights in Kenya. D. It takes care of children who don’t have parents. 2. What can we learn about the kids in Nangili from paragraph 2? A. They are on a diet. B. They lead a simple but happy life. C. They have friendships with American kids. D. They are unable to adapt to the living conditions. 3. Why did Caleb and the author go to Kenya? A. To receive training. B. To do sightseeing. C. To study Kenya’s history. D. To teach in a children’s home. 4. What does the author mainly want to tell us? A. Children like playing card games and soccer. B. Nangili is a very poor village with few resources. C. We should be grateful for what we have and the people around us. D. It is wise to make friends with people having little in common with us. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者和哥哥在肯尼亚训练期间，与Blessed儿童之家孤儿相处的经历，以及这段经历带给作者的感悟。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans ( Blessed儿童之家是一个收容11名孤儿的庇护所)”可知，儿童之家的作用是照顾没有父母的孩子。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. (对我和 15 岁的弟弟迦勒来说，这里的生活条件很难适应，但我们很快就明白， Nangili 的这些孩子拥有许多美国孩子所缺乏的东西。他们有着因共同经历苦难而缔结的友谊，也学会了享受生活中那些简单的美好。）以及第四段中的“Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. (尽管Nangili是个资源匮乏的贫困村庄，但这里的孩子能从玩纸牌和足球中找到快乐。）可知，Nangili的孩子过着简单却快乐的生活。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. (我和迦勒都是法明代尔高中越野田径队的跑步运动员，我们此次前往肯尼亚，是为了在伊滕的高海拔训练中心接受训练。)”可知，两人去肯尼亚的目的是接受训练。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. (虽然在肯尼亚期间我很想念法明代尔，但我对家乡所拥有的一切有了全新的珍视。如今，我会努力去过一种更懂得感恩的生活，更专注于人本身，而非物质事物。)”可知，作者通过这段经历，核心想传达的是“我们应感激所拥有的一切以及身边的人”。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） As rain fell, Musa Darboe, a Gambian farmer, stood before the tomb of the late Chinese scientist Yuan Longping in Changsha, Hunan province, to pay his respects to the “father of hybrid rice”. “Professor Yuan, your seeds have taken root in Gambia. We are no longer hungry,” Darboe said. Darboe, whose farm was the first in Gambia to use agricultural machinery, learned about hybrid rice technology from Yuan’s team. The farmer recalled Yuan’s advice: “Farming requires down-to-earth effort; a single seed can change the world.” They are words that Darboe believes are becoming a reality in his homeland. Gambia used to rely heavily on imported rice, due to outdated agricultural technology, low mechanization levels and small-scale rice cultivation (栽培，种植). In 2018, following his father’s death, Darboe returned to his African home from the United States to manage the family farm. “At the beginning, I couldn’t find anyone to teach us how,” Darboe recalled. In the first year, he planted only three hectares of rice, harvesting with outdated methods like “threshing grain with oil drums”. His first harvest happened to meet with heavy rainfall, flooding the rice. He considered abandoning the farm and moving back to the US. Fortunately, Huang Zhi and his team of experts from Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co. arrived in Gambia. They shared their techniques, from plowing and planting to harvesting and processing. When the first rice transplanter entered the farm, Darboe was surprised at it, recalling that “this was a miracle (奇迹) my father’s generation wouldn’t have dared to dream of”. The shift from manual (手工的) threshing to mechanization saw production skyrocket to an average of 7 tons per hectare—two to three times the average local production. Over the next five years, Darboe’s farm expanded from three hectares to 100. The land in Gambia “is very rich, but we lack technology and equipment”, Darboe said. As he sees it, partnerships with China are beginning to turn that situation around. 1. Why did Musa Darboe pay his respects to Yuan Longping? A. Because Yuan Longping visited Gambia and helped him personally. B. Because Yuan’s hybrid rice technology has greatly benefited Gambia. C. Because Yuan Longping was his teacher in agricultural science. D. Because Yuan Longping donated money to Gambian farmers. 2. What does “threshing grain with oil drums” in paragraph 3 suggest about traditional farming methods in Gambia? A. They were highly efficient and modern. B. They required little manual labor. C. They were out of date and inefficient. D. They were environmentally friendly. 3. How did the introduction of mechanization impact Darboe’s farm? A. It reduced the farm’s size but improved quality. B. It increased the production per hectare significantly. C. It made farming more dependent on foreign aid. D. It caused many local workers to lose their jobs. 4. Which title best fits the passage? A. “The Life of Yuan Longping: Father of Hybrid Rice” B. “From Hunger to Harvest: How Chinese Tech Helps Gambia Grow” C. “The Growth of Gambia’s Farms: A Success Story” D. “China’s Agricultural Technology: Changing the World” 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕冈比亚农民Musa Darboe向袁隆平院士致敬展开，讲述了冈比亚过去因农业技术落后等面临的问题，Darboe回国经营农场遇到的困难，以及袁隆平高科技农业公司的专家团队带来技术后农场发生的巨大变化等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Professor Yuan, your seeds have taken root in Gambia. We are no longer hungry,” Darboe said.(“袁教授，您的种子已在冈比亚扎根。我们再也不挨饿了。” Darboe说道。)”以及第三段“Fortunately, Huang Zhi and his team of experts from Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co. arrived in Gambia. They shared their techniques, from plowing and planting to harvesting and processing. When the first rice transplanter entered the farm, Darboe was surprised at it, recalling that “this was a miracle (奇迹) my father’s generation wouldn’t have dared to dream of”. The shift from manual (手工的) threshing to mechanization saw production skyrocket to an average of 7 tons per hectare—two to three times the average local production. Over the next five years, Darboe’s farm expanded from three hectares to 100.(幸运的是，袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司的专家黄志及其团队来到了冈比亚。他们分享了从耕作、种植到收获、加工的全套技术。当第一台插秧机开进农场时，Darboe惊叹不已，他说：“这是我父辈想都不敢想的奇迹。”从手工脱粒到机械化作业的转变，让产量飙升至平均每公顷 7 吨——是当地平均产量的两到三倍。在接下来的五年里，达尔博的农场从3公顷扩大到了100公顷。)”可知，Darboe向袁隆平致敬是因为袁隆平的杂交水稻技术给冈比亚带来了巨大益处。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段““At the beginning, I couldn’t find anyone to teach us how,” Darboe recalled. In the first year, he planted only three hectares of rice, harvesting with outdated methods like “threshing grain with oil drums”. His first harvest happened to meet with heavy rainfall, flooding the rice. He considered abandoning the farm and moving back to the US. Fortunately, Huang Zhi and his team of experts from Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co. arrived in Gambia. They shared their techniques, from plowing and planting to harvesting and processing.(“一开始，我找不到人来教我们怎么种，”Darboe回忆道。第一年，他只种了3公顷水稻，用的还是“用油桶脱粒”这种落后的收获方式。他的第一次收成恰逢暴雨，稻田被淹。他一度想放弃农场，回美国去。幸运的是，袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司的专家黄志及其团队来到了冈比亚。他们分享了从耕作、种植到收获、加工的全套技术。)”可知，“用油桶脱粒”被明确描述为落后的方法。结合后文提到引入机械化后产量飙升，且是当地平均产量的两到三倍，可推断传统方法效率低下。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The shift from manual (手工的) threshing to mechanization saw production skyrocket to an average of 7 tons per hectare—two to three times the average local production.(从手工脱粒到机械化作业的转变，让产量飙升至平均每公顷7吨——是当地平均产量的两到三倍。)”可知，从手工脱粒到机械化的转变使Darboe农场的产量飙升至每公顷7吨，是当地平均产量的两到三倍。这说明机械化的引入显著提高了每公顷的产量。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕冈比亚农民Musa Darboe在袁隆平团队的杂交水稻技术和机械化农业支持下，从传统落后的种植模式（面临饥饿、产量低）转变为高效种植（产量飙升、农场规模扩大）的故事展开，核心是中国农业技术对冈比亚农业发展的帮助。选项B““From Hunger to Harvest: How Chinese Tech Helps Gambia Grow”(从饥饿到丰收：中国技术如何助力冈比亚种植)”精准概括了“冈比亚摆脱饥饿”与“中国技术帮助”的核心关联，符合文意。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东广州·期末） On a cool September evening, I found myself seated around a worn wooden table at a Dungan family’s home in Kyrgyzstan, surrounded by travelers from Spain, Canada, and Russia. The table was set with slices of watermelon as well as cucumber and tomato salads. Our hostess Mrs.Zhang then served us a bamboo basket of steaming jin momo — soft buns similar to Chinese baozi — while explaining how her ancestors had brought wheat growing techniques from northwestern China during the late 19th century. Soon the table was filled with dishes telling silent stories: cucumber salads carrying Gansu flavors and lagman noodles mixing Central Asian vegetables with Shaanxi hand-pulling techniques. As people drank tea and talked in different languages. I gradually understood this gathering was more than a meal. The Spanish architect beside me was amazed at how food could preserve cultural codes across centuries and borders. The Canadian teacher noted that Mrs. Zhang’s kitchen — where Chinese chopping knives met Kyrgyz clay pots — mirrored today’s globalized world. The scene reminds me of Lisa Kyung Gross’ research in New York. Her documentation of immigrant chefs shows food’s double magic: Spanish bakers reinvent date cookies by dipping them in Belgian chocolate, adding new charm and flavors to traditional food. As Gross poetically notes, every bite contains layers of history, yet remains open to new understandings. Perhaps this food magic explains why UNESCO lists 38 food traditions as Intangible Cultural Heritage From Japanese seasonal philosophy to Italian pizza-making skills, these living traditions show how cooking practices maintain identities while encouraging dialogues. That night in Dungan House, the Russian software engineer’s laughter as he struggled with chopsticks perfectly conveyed the message — cultural exchange isn’t about perfection, but shared humanity. 1. What does Mr. Zhang’s explanation of jin momo show? A. The mixture of cooking styles. B. The spread of Chinese farming skills. C. The friendship between two countries. D. The development of traditional Chinese cuisine. 2. Which is the focus of Lisa Kyung Gross research? A. Heritage protection. B. Home-based recipe. C. Cultural shock. D. Immigrant adaptation. 3. What can we learn from the Russian engineer’s experience? A. Laughter helps to overcome cultural shock. B. Communication matters more than correct use. C. Traditional table manners carry humanity code. D. Cultural exchange requires perfect understanding. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. Ta explain how UNESCO protects cultural heritage. B. To discuss food as a bridge between different cultures. C. To describe the cooking techniques of Dungan families. D. To compare different food traditions in Asia and Europe 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过作者在吉尔吉斯斯坦东干族家庭聚餐的经历，以及引用Lisa Kyung Gross的研究和联合国教科文组织对饮食传统的保护，阐述了食物在不同文化交流中的桥梁作用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our hostess Mrs.Zhang then served us a bamboo basket of steaming jin momo — soft buns similar to Chinese baozi — while explaining how her ancestors had brought wheat growing techniques from northwesten China during the late 19th century. (接着，我们的女主人张太太给我们端上了一竹篮热气腾腾的“金馍馍”（一种类似中国包子的松软馒头），同时讲述她的祖先在19世纪晚期如何从中国西北引进小麦种植技术。)”可知，张女士解释了她的祖先在19世纪后期从中国西北带来了小麦种植技术，这体现了中国农耕技术的传播。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The scene reminds me of Lisa Kyung Gross’ research in New York. Her documentation of immigrant chefs shows food’s double magic: Spanish bakers reinvent date cookies by dipping them in Belgian chocolate, adding new charm and flavors to traditional food. (这一场景让我想起了Lisa Kyung Gross在纽约的研究。她对移民厨师的记录展现了食物的双重魅力：西班牙面包师将椰枣饼干蘸上比利时巧克力，对其进行了重新演绎，为传统食物增添了新的魅力和风味。)”可知，Lisa Kyung Gross的研究聚焦于移民厨师如何通过食物进行文化适应和创新，体现了移民适应的主题。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“That night in Dungan House, the Russian software engineer’s laughter as he struggled with chopsticks perfectly conveyed the message — cultural exchange isn’t about perfection, but shared humanity. (当晚在东干人家，那位俄罗斯软件工程师费劲地摆弄着筷子，他的笑声完美地传达出一个信息：文化交流无关完美，而在于共通的人性。)”可知，俄罗斯工程师用筷子的经历表明，文化交流不在于完美，而在于共同的人性，即交流本身比正确使用（餐具等）更重要。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“From Japanese seasonal philosophy to Italian pizza-making skills, these living traditions show how cooking practices maintain identities while encouraging dialogues. (从日本的季节哲学到意大利的披萨制作技艺，这些鲜活的传统展示了烹饪实践如何在促进交流的同时保持其独特性。)”可知，文章讲述了作者在东干族家庭的聚餐经历、Lisa Kyung Gross的研究以及联合国教科文组织对饮食传统的保护，其目的是为了阐述了食物在不同文化交流中的桥梁作用。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·河北石家庄·期末） The rich fragrance of freshly roasted coffee filled the air inside a stylish stone cabin in the eastern Chinese village that houses Frank Sterzer’s cafe: Bamboo Coffee Roasters. After more than 20 years as an engineer and executive with leading automobile companies in Germany and China, Frank has found a new calling and fulfillment in the village of Maoli near Ningbo in Zhejiang province. Inspired by his lifelong love of coffee, Frank turns what had been a hobby into a thriving business. “Zhejiang’s countryside has excellent infrastructure (基础设施) and beautiful landscapes, and I find it the ideal place to start my business,” Frank says. Maoli is located less than a 30-minute drive from the Ningbo city center, striking a pleasing balance between urban convenience and rural tranquility. For Frank, the experience of sipping a cup of coffee while enjoying a slice of handmade cake and gazing at the countryside, captures the type of tranquil lifestyle he hopes to share with visitors. The cafe is named after the abundance of bamboo around Maoli, while its logo was inspired by a photograph Frank took of a nearby bamboo forest. He has also created a small coffee factory behind the shop front, where excellent beans from around the world are neatly stacked (叠放) next to gently humming roasting machines. All these have become key components of the cafe’s success. Since opening in June 2024, Bamboo Coffee Roasters has quickly become a popular destination, attracting visitors from near and far including international travelers taking advantage of China’s expanded visa-free policies. Before the Spring Festival, the cafe was welcoming guests from all over, including nearby cities like Hangzhou and Shanghai. “We came to Ningbo for local delicacies and business, purchasing local produce. Products such as honey oranges, bamboo shoots and tea have also found wider markets, thanks to the cafe’s reputation,” one tourist said. 1. What made Frank set up the cafe in Maoli? A. The village’s outstanding facilities and picturesque sceneries. B. China’s expanded visa-free policies for international travelers. C. Frank’s newly found enthusiasm for coffee and roasting beans. D. The combination of urban convenience with rural booming industry. 2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Contributing factors to the business’ thriving. B. The hardships of running the business. C. Origins of Bamboo Coffee Roasters. D. The vast profit earned from the business. 3. Why is the tourist comment mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To prove guests from all over promoted Frank’s business. B. To tell us the success of Frank’s business enhanced local economy. C. To share with readers the intense interest of tourists in exploring Ningbo. D. To advertise for the local businesses to promote the sale of local produce. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. An Overnight Celebrity: From Engineer to Business Founder B. Relaxing Coffee Culture: A New Trend of Lifestyle in Zhejiang Villages C. A Perfect Integration: The Fragrance of Coffee and the Peace of Rural Life D. Bamboo Coffee Roasters: A Miracle of International Investment in China 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了德国工程师Frank在浙江宁波乡村开设竹主题咖啡馆，结合优质咖啡与田园风光，成功吸引游客并带动当地经济，展现了都市便利与乡村宁静的完美融合。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中Frank所说的话“Zhejiang’s countryside has excellent infrastructure (基础设施) and beautiful landscapes, and I find it the ideal place to start my business (浙江省的乡村拥有优良的基础设施和美丽的风景，我认为这是创业的理想之地)”可知，该村出色的设施和如画的风景促使Frank在此开设咖啡馆。故选A项。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The cafe is named after the abundance of bamboo around Maoli, while its logo was inspired by a photograph Frank took of a nearby bamboo forest. He has also created a small coffee factory behind the shop front, where excellent beans from around the world are neatly stacked (叠放) next to gently humming roasting machines. All these have become key components of the cafe’s success. (这家咖啡馆的命名源自茅镬村周边茂密的竹林，其标志设计灵感则来自Frank拍摄的附近竹林照片。他在店面后方还打造了一个小型咖啡工坊，来自世界各地的优质咖啡豆整齐地码放在轻声运转的烘焙机旁。所有这些都成为了咖啡馆成功的关键要素)”可知，该段主要介绍促进Frank生意兴隆的因素：咖啡馆的命名灵感、标志设计、店内咖啡工厂。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中游客所说的话“Products such as honey oranges, bamboo shoots and tea have also found wider markets, thanks to the cafe’s reputation (得益于咖啡馆的声誉，蜜橘、竹笋和茶叶等产品也获得了更广阔的市场)”可推知，游客的评论表明咖啡馆的声誉让当地特色产品走向更大的市场，因此提到这一评论是为了说明Frank生意的成功带动了当地经济。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The rich fragrance of freshly roasted coffee filled the air inside a stylish stone cabin in the eastern Chinese village that houses Frank Sterzer’s cafe: Bamboo Coffee Roasters. (新鲜烘焙咖啡的浓郁香气弥漫在中国东部乡村一间别致的石屋内，这里正是Frank Sterzer创立的Bamboo Coffee Roasters所在地)”可知，文章围绕Frank在浙江宁波乡村开设的咖啡馆展开，他结合优质咖啡与田园风光，成功吸引游客并带动当地经济，展现了都市便利与乡村宁静的完美融合。因此，C项“完美融合：咖啡的香气与乡村生活的宁静”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·浙江温州·期末） Jaden Anthony, a boy from Brooklyn, New York, was born with a disease called diabetes (糖尿病), a condition that often leaves him feeling thirsty. Deeply aware of the importance of clean water, he became concerned when he learned of the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. In 2014, the city began using water that contained dangerous levels of lead (铅), which is harmful to all, especially children. Even small amounts could cause diseases and affect learning abilities. Therefore, Jaden wanted to do something to help the kids in Flint. Being a comic book fan, Jaden decided to create his own to raise awareness about clean water and donate funds. “Kid Brooklyn,” he explained in an interview, “aims to make both kids and adults recognize global dangers.” In the first book of a series, the main character Kid Brooklyn and his friends are given an unusual Sun Stone that helps them develop super powers. They use those powers to keep the planet clean and safe. Jaden works with illustrators to bring the characters and stories to life. Jaden was twelve years old when his first book was published in October 2017. A dollar from every book Jaden sells is donated to Green for All, an organization to bring clean, fresh water to the families in Flint. Future issues of the comic will promote different environmental causes. Jaden wants to encourage children all over the world to become scientists and engineers who can fix the problems caused by climate change. He also has a message for the kids of the world who don’t have the same access to clean water as he has. “Don’t get sad. Don’t lose any hope. We got you.” 1. What made Jaden take action to help the children? A. He visited Brooklyn on holiday. B. His disease became more serious. C. He noticed water pollution in Flint. D. His learning abilities were affected. 2. What is mainly written about the kids in the first book? A. Their problem. B. Their donation. C. Their friendship. D. Their contribution. 3. What can be learned about future comic issues? A. They will inspire scientists. B. They will offer climate solutions. C. They will target diabetes research. D. They will support more green efforts. 4. Which of the following could best describe Jaden? A. Caring. B. Intelligent. C. Humorous. D. Grateful. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有糖尿病的男孩Jaden Anthony为解决弗林特水危机创作漫画并捐款的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2014, the city began using water that contained dangerous levels of lead (铅), which is harmful to all, especially children. Even small amounts could cause diseases and affect learning abilities. Therefore, Jaden wanted to do something to help the kids in Flint. (2014年，该市开始使用含铅量超标的水，这对所有人都有害，尤其是儿童。即使是很小的量也可能导致疾病并影响学习能力。因此，Jaden想为弗林特的孩子们做点什么。)”可知，是Jaden注意到弗林特的水污染问题，促使他采取行动帮助那里的孩子们。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the first book of a series, the main character Kid Brooklyn and his friends are given an unusual Sun Stone that helps them develop super powers. They use those powers to keep the planet clean and safe. (在一系列漫画的第一本中，主角“布鲁克林小子”和他的朋友们得到了一块不寻常的太阳石，帮助他们开发超能力。他们利用这些能力来保持地球的清洁和安全。)”可知，第一本漫画主要讲述了主角和他的朋友们利用超能力为地球做贡献的故事。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Future issues of the comic will promote different environmental causes. (未来的漫画将宣传不同的环保事业。)”可知，未来的漫画将支持更多的环保努力。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2014, the city began using water that contained dangerous levels of lead (铅), which is harmful to all, especially children. Even small amounts could cause diseases and affect learning abilities. Therefore, Jaden wanted to do something to help the kids in Flint. (2014年，该市开始使用含铅量超标的水，这对所有人都有害，尤其是儿童。即使是很小的量也可能导致疾病并影响学习能力。因此，Jaden想为弗林特的孩子们做点什么。)”可知，Jaden Anthony因为注意到弗林特的水污染问题，决定创作漫画并捐款来帮助那里的孩子们，这表明他是一个有爱心的人。故选A。 主题01 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·四川绵阳·期末） The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements. For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the “Three Laws of Robotics”. These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future? The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity. 1. What do we know about I, Robot? A. It instructs scientists in detail. B. It boosts research on bridges. C. It facilitates public access to science. D. It sets laws for robots in the real world. 2. Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem? A. To point out the complexity of science. B. To warn about the dangers of technology. C. To show literature’s moral concerns about science. D. To suggest literature’s direct influence on innovation. 3. What do the underlined words “stir the pot” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Explore and explain. B. Challenge and reflect. C. Assume and examine. D. Educate and entertain. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Science: the Blueprint of Literature B. Science: a Whisper in Literature’s Ear C. Literature: a Critical Insight into Science D. Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了文学与科学研究之间由来已久的相互影响力，强调文学对科学的影响不仅在于预测未来。文章以《我，机器人》和《三体》为例，揭示文学的真正价值在于引发人类对技术进步的思考，思考其对自然和社会的影响，以确保科学探索之路始终拥有智慧、理解和人文主义这三盏指路明灯。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp.(这些虚构的定律为科学家们提供的不仅仅是一个蓝图；它们还充当了一座桥梁，让公众更容易理解复杂的技术问题) 可知，这本书促进公众获取科学。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future?(在这部小说里，科学家们不仅仅是科学突破的先驱者——他们还代表着人类所面临的艰难抉择和内心冲突。通过描写他们的挣扎，刘提出了一个深刻的问题：随着科学将我们推向新的领域，我们是否真的做好了准备，去承担未来技术进步所带来的那些难以预见的影响的责任呢？)”可推知，作者提及小说《三体》是为了展示文学作品对科学的道德关切。故选C。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity.(它不仅质疑我们通过科学能够取得什么样的成就，还质疑我们是否应该追求这些成就。虽然科学专注于解决问题和创新，但文学让我们思考其对自然和社会更广泛的影响，确保我们的进步是由智慧、理解和人性所引导的)”可知，文学相对于科学的真正价值在于它能提出质疑和让我们思考。由此可推测“stir the pot”意思是“挑战和反思”。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“However, the interaction between these two goes beyond d mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of techno logical advancements.(然而，这两者之间的互动不仅仅是创造力；它引发了对技术进步的伦理和哲学影响的更深层次的思考)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了文学与科学研究之间的相互作用，文学不仅能预见未来科学发展，还能对科学技术进步带来的伦理和哲学影响进行深入思考，对科学进行批判性洞察。C选项“文学：对科学的批判性洞察”符合文章主旨，最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南京·期末） Animal testing refers to the use of animals in scientific experiments. Primarily, animals are used in research experiments to test disease treatments to ensure the safety of new medical treatments. Though animals are viewed as essential by many scientists, we should try to avoid using animals in experiments if possible. Advocates of animal testing argue that animals offer scientists opportunities to address health problems when it is immorally acceptable or impractical to study and experiment on humans. Animals chosen for research are often biologically similar to humans and are therefore useful case studies for scientists to study the symptoms of diseases and the effectiveness of the treatments developed. Scientists rely heavily on animal models to find the cure for “unprecedented” diseases. In the development of the corona virus vaccine (疫苗), multiple animals were used as models, such as ferrets that display similar symptoms as humans when infected with the virus. These animals are crucial for scientists to study the symptoms of the virus and evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccines developed before they are tested on humans. As such, the use of animals in research experiments does enhance the efficiency of scientists’ search for the cure and minimizes the associated risks of applying newly developed drugs to humans. However, not all research experiments involving animals are effective. Although some animals display characteristics similar to humans, animals and humans are different species and therefore, it is impossible to recreate human conditions on research animals. Research data has shown that animal studies fail to predict real human outcomes in 50 to 99.7 percent of cases. This is because the species tested are often artificially induced (诱导) with medical conditions unique to humans. As a result, nine in ten drugs developed using animal testing suffer from failure. Considering the high cost of animal testing, as well as the pain and suffering animals have to go through during the procedure, animal testing is hardly a cost-effective way of research. Sometimes, such research experiments produce nothing but the killing of innocent animals. Therefore, the use of animals in scientific experiments should be minimized and carried out only when necessary. 1. Why are animals used in scientific experiments? A. Because many scientists consider them as necessary. B. Because animals share biological similarities with humans. C. Because they can ensure the safety of new medical treatments. D. Because animals offer scientists opportunities to solve problems. 2. Why are “ferrets” mentioned in paragraph two? A. To remind humans should be grateful to animals. B. To indicate animals made great contributions to humans. C. To prove animals are widely used in research experiments. D. To illustrate animal trials can contribute to medical advances. 3. How does the author argue against animal testing? A. By listing figures. B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing cause and effect. D. By making comparisons. 4. What is the author’s primary argument? A. Animal testing should be avoided because of its high cost. B. Despite its contributions, animal testing should be minimized. C. Animal testing should be banned immediately due to its cruelty. D. Considering its effectiveness, animal testing should be promoted . 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了动物实验在科学研究中的应用，指出动物实验虽被许多科学家视为必要，但应尽可能避免。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Animals chosen for research are often biologically similar to humans and are therefore useful case studies for scientists to study the symptoms of diseases and the effectiveness of the treatments developed.(用于研究的动物通常在生物学上与人类相似，因此成为科学家研究疾病症状及所开发治疗方法有效性的有用案例)”可知，动物被用于科学实验的核心原因是其与人类在生物学上的相似性，这使得它们能成为研究疾病和治疗方法的有效模型。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Scientists rely heavily on animal models to find the cure for “unprecedented” diseases. In the development of the corona virus vaccine (疫苗), multiple animals were used as models, such as ferrets that display similar symptoms as humans when infected with the virus. These animals are crucial for scientists to study the symptoms of the virus and evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccines developed before they are tested on humans. As such, the use of animals in research experiments does enhance the efficiency of scientists’ search for the cure and minimizes the associated risks of applying newly developed drugs to humans.(科学家严重依赖动物模型来寻找“前所未有的”疾病的治愈方法。在冠状病毒疫苗的研发中，多种动物被用作模型，例如雪貂——它们在感染病毒时会表现出与人类相似的症状。这些动物对于科学家在人体试验前研究病毒症状和评估疫苗有效性至关重要。因此，在研究实验中使用动物确实提高了科学家寻找治愈方法的效率，并将新开发药物应用于人类时的相关风险降至最低)”可知，作者提及雪貂是作为冠状病毒疫苗研发中动物模型的具体案例。即通过雪貂与人类感染病毒后症状的相似性，证明动物实验能够帮助科学家推进医学研究，为疫苗开发提供关键数据。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Research data has shown that animal studies fail to predict real human outcomes in 50 to 99.7 percent of cases. This is because the species tested are often artificially induced (诱导) with medical conditions unique to humans. As a result, nine in ten drugs developed using animal testing suffer from failure. Considering the high cost of animal testing, as well as the pain and suffering animals have to go through during the procedure, animal testing is hardly a cost-effective way of research. Sometimes, such research experiments produce nothing but the killing of innocent animals. Therefore, the use of animals in scientific experiments should be minimized and carried out only when necessary.(研究数据显示，在50%至99.7%案例中，动物研究未能预测人类的真实结果。这是因为被测试的物种往往被人为诱导出人类特有的疾病状况。结果是，通过动物实验开发的药物中，十分之九以失败告终。考虑到动物实验的高成本，以及动物在实验过程中必须经历的痛苦，动物实验很难成为一种具有成本效益的研究方式。有时，这类研究实验只会导致无辜动物的死亡。因此，科学实验中对动物的使用应尽量减少，且仅在必要时进行)”可知，作者在第三段反驳动物实验时，分析了反驳动物实验的原因，最终得出了科学实验中对动物的使用应尽量减少。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容，并结合第二段“Animals chosen for research are often biologically similar to humans and are therefore useful case studies for scientists to study the symptoms of diseases and the effectiveness of the treatments developed.(用于研究的动物通常在生物学上与人类相似，因此成为科学家研究疾病症状及所开发治疗方法有效性的有用案例)”和最后一段“Research data has shown that animal studies fail to predict real human outcomes in 50 to 99.7 percent of cases. This is because the species tested are often artificially induced (诱导) with medical conditions unique to humans. As a result, nine in ten drugs developed using animal testing suffer from failure. Considering the high cost of animal testing, as well as the pain and suffering animals have to go through during the procedure, animal testing is hardly a cost-effective way of research. Sometimes, such research experiments produce nothing but the killing of innocent animals. Therefore, the use of animals in scientific experiments should be minimized and carried out only when necessary.(研究数据显示，在50%至99.7%的案例中，动物研究未能预测人类的真实结果。这是因为被测试的物种往往被人为诱导出人类特有的疾病状况。结果是，通过动物实验开发的药物中，十分之九以失败告终。考虑到动物实验的高成本，以及动物在实验过程中必须经历的痛苦，动物实验很难成为一种具有成本效益的研究方式。有时，这类研究实验只会导致无辜动物的死亡。因此，科学实验中对动物的使用应尽量减少，且仅在必要时进行)”可知，作者首先肯定了动物实验在医学研究中的贡献，但随后通过数据指出其低效性和高成本，并强调动物在实验中承受的痛苦。最后一段明确提出尽管动物实验有一定作用，但应尽量减少，仅在必要时进行。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末） Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland’s volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway. WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled particles (微粒) can enter the lungs and cause respiratory (呼吸的) problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask. Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health and said WHO’s warnings were “hysterical”. They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance—like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe— its health effects are often minimal, experts say. “Not all particles are created equal,” said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, “In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful.” And he said most Europeans’ exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk. Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. “The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven’t heard of any ill effects there,” he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was “over the top” and “a bit hysterical”. 1. What can you learn in paragraph 3? A. The volcanic ash had no impact on Europeans. B. Other experts highly approved of WHO’s warnings. C. The volcanic ash posed more risks than cigarette smoke. D. Even healthy people could experience discomfort due to the ash. 2. According to Ken Donaldson, who are most likely to be at risk due to the volcanic ash? A. Europeans living in big cities. B. People who often smoke cigarettes. C. Those staying outdoors for a long time. D. People in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano. 3. What does the underlined word “hysterical” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Amazing. B. Practical. C. Valuable. D. Overstated. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. Panic caused by volcanic ash. B. WHO’s warnings on volcanic ash. C. Views on volcanic ash’s health risks. D. Volcanic ash’s environmental effects. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，围绕冰岛火山灰对人体健康的影响展开。世界卫生组织警告人们，若火山灰沉降，应尽量待在室内，因其可能危害健康。但其他专家对此有不同看法，认为火山灰的危害被夸大。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people.(在火山爆发期间，火山灰甚至可以被健康人深深吸入肺部并引起不适)” 可知，即使是健康人也可能因火山灰感到不适。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“And he said most Europeans’ exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.(他说，大多数欧洲人接触到火山灰的可能性可以忽略不计，只有冰岛火山附近地区的人才可能面临风险)” 可知，肯・唐纳森认为冰岛火山附近地区的人最有可能因火山灰面临风险。故选D。 【3题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health(然而，其他专家不相信火山灰会对人们的健康产生重大影响)” 以及第五题“Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was “over the top” and “a bit hysterical”(斯皮罗说，为避免火山灰而戴口罩或待在室内是“过头了”，有点“hysterical”)” 可知，专家认为世界卫生组织的警告有些夸大其词。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland’s volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Friday(世界卫生组织周五警告称，如果冰岛火山灰开始沉降，欧洲人应尽量待在室内)”，表明 WHO 对火山灰影响健康的警告；第三段中“Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health and said WHO’s warnings were “hysterical”. (然而，其他专家不相信火山灰会对人们的健康产生重大影响，并表示世卫组织的警告“有些夸张”)”体现了其他专家与 WHO 不同的观点。综合来看，全文主要围绕对火山灰健康风险的不同观点展开。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·湖南师大附中·期末） We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends? In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy (精通技术的). However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list. 1. Why do many parents want to learn about social networking sites? A. Because they are eager to explore technologies. B. Because they are bored with their daily life. C. Because they want to watch their children. D. Because they start to realize their importance. 2. What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ friend request? A. They have nothing to hide. B. Their privacy cannot be guaranteed. C. They don’t want to teach their parents. D. They can’t choose friends around them. 3. Why is the survey mentioned in the passage? A. To warn parents. B. To relieve parents. C. To challenge parents. D. To criticize parents. 4. What is most likely to be talked about next? A. How to bridge the generation gap. B. How to make friends on social networks. C. How to explain to parents about the rejection. D. How to use the social networking sites wisely. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨青少年在社交网站上是否该加父母为“好友”这一话题，分析了父母想加入的原因及青少年拒绝的可能因素等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites.(然而，越来越多的父母开始意识到社交网络在他们生活中有多么重要。这种认识促使许多父母有动力去了解社交网站)”可知，许多父母想了解社交网站是因为他们开始意识到其重要性。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“S$ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·福建泉州·期末） In the distant Dulongjiang Township of Yunnan Province, there lived a remarkable woman named Li Yuhua. As an eco - forest guardian and a cultural inheritor (继承人) of the Derung people, she contributed to protecting the green mountains and helping villagers achieve a better life. Once, Dulongjiang was distant, reachable only through winding mountain roads. The villagers lived a simple life with poor transportation and limited resources. Li Yuhua, however, saw the potential in this land. She encouraged villagers to plant black cardamom,a crop suitable for the mountainous environment. The plant can be made into a spice (香料) that is used in many cuisine dishes and offers some health benefits. At first, villagers were hesitant. But with the support of the local government, Li Yuhua invited agricultural experts to teach the villagers and increased the planting of this crop. By the end of 2021, over 46 square kilometers of land was used to grow black cardamom, creating a value of over 20 million yuan. The villagers’ annual income rose greatly, bringing hope to the entire community. To further improve their lives, Li Yuhua used the power of the internet. She taught villagers to sell products through online shopping platforms (平台), which allowed them to connect with the outside world and earn higher profits. The success of online sales even attracted young people to return home. For example, Chen Xuelong, a graduate from Yunnan Agricultural University, came back to help villagers sell forest products online. He designed packaging and promoted local goods through social media, doubling sales within a year. Under Li Yuhua’s leadership, Dulongjiang changed from a poor, closed-off area to a place balancing modern life and natural beauty. She says, “Everyone deserves success.” Her efforts helped villagers out of poor conditions and inspired youth to value culture and nature, making it a model where tradition and progress work together. 1. What did Li Yuhua advocate to get out of the poor condition? A. Improving transportation. B. Publicizing native resources. C. Upgrading farming techniques. D. Growing new agricultural product. 2. Why is Chen Xuelong mentioned? A. To highlight Li Yuhua’s influence. B. To prove social media’s popularity. C. To show how education helped the village. D. To stress Chen Xuelong’s personal success. 3. Which of the following best describes Li Yuhua? A. Strong-willed and humorous. B. Patient and independent. C. Forward-thinking and committed. D. Adventurous and emotional. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Guiding a Village to a Hopeful Future B. A Long Road to Online Success C. Supporting Rural Crop Planting D. A Key Crop for Mountain Villagers Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东清远·期末） Over ten years ago, I walked into a small, cold classroom on the first floor of Towson High School. It was my junior year, and I’d feared this moment for months: It was finally time to take physics. But everything changed when I met Mr. Jochmans, or “Joch”, as we called him. He greeted us with a loud “Hello, my wonderful physics students!” and a big smile. He must have known how anxious we were, how truly nervous we were of physics and the math required to understand it. On that first day, Joch told us something we’d hold close for the rest of our lives — that our grades didn’t reflect our worth as human beings. This was a big deal at a tough school like Towson. He showed us that learning could be fun. Over the next year, Mr. Jochmans introduced us to the magic of physics — and school. He kept some snacks for students who hadn’t eaten breakfast; he played music during lab time. There were no stupid questions in Joch’s class, and if you didn’t understand a concept (概念), he’d stay after school with you for hours until you did. I ate lunch in Joch’s classroom nearly every day, from the beginning of junior year until I graduated in 2016. For two years we talked daily about everything — theatre, music, and sometimes physics. He told me about Michigan State University, where he went to college. For a while, I thought I’d study physics in college, maybe at Michigan State, because Joch made me love learning about speed and acceleration (加速度). But when I found a program in Canada to study theatre, Joch encouraged me to attend. When I applied to the University of Ottawa and got in, he was ecstatic. After I moved to Canada, we lost touch. I became a theatre critic, a job Joch had once suggested. In 2022, I visited Towson to lead a theatre criticism workshop, and, joy of joys, ran into Joch. Not only did he remember my name but he knew what I’d been up to. Mr. Jochmans passed away this month, just a week before the start of the new school year. He was the kind of teacher who made everyone feel special. 1. What do we know about Mr. Jochmans from paragraph 2? A. He made lab time more challenging. B. He helped students get high grades in physics. C. He advised students to compete with each other. D. He believed a person’s value was more than just grades. 2. What does the underlined word “ecstatic” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Pretty angry. B. Really confused. C. Extremely happy. D. Slightly disappointed. 3. What can we infer about the author’s career choice? A. The author worked as a leader of a theatre workshop. B. The author became a theatre critic on Mr. Jochmans’ advice. C. Mr. Jochmans had no influence on the author’s career decision. D. Mr. Jochmans supported the author’s choice of physics research. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To honour a teacher who influenced her life. B. To describe her experiences of learning physics. C. To explain how she developed interests in theatre. D. To advocate for kindness through her personal story. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·河北邯郸·期末） Since Jack Anderson was a child, he has been deeply interested in Chinese culture. When Jack was ten years old, he watched a documentary about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The ideas of natural healing (治愈) and balance in the body immediately fascinated him. From then on, he decided to learn more about TCM. He saved his pocket money to buy books about Chinese herbs, acupuncture, and other treatments, studying the basics on his own. As Jack grew older, his passion for TCM became stronger. After finishing high school, he decided to travel to China to learn Traditional Chinese Medicine. He attended a well-known TCM school in Beijing. The study there was very demanding. Every day, Jack attended lectures on Chinese medical theory and practiced acupuncture and herbal medicine under the guidance of experienced teachers. Although the studies were difficult and sometimes confusing because of many differences, Jack worked hard and never gave up. In the beginning, Jack faced many challenges communicating with his teachers and classmates, as he did not know much Chinese. However, he learned important medical terms in Chinese, such as “zhong yi” (Chinese medicine), “zhen jiu” (acupuncture), and “cao yao” (herbs). With continuous effort, he gradually improved his language skills and better understood the lessons. After years of careful study and practice, Jack became skilled in many aspects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He learned how to diagnose (诊断) illnesses by observing patients’ pulse and tongue and how to treat various conditions using acupuncture and herbal medicine. He often took part in TCM workshops and received recognition for his knowledge. When Jack returned to the United States, he wanted to share the benefits of Traditional Chinese Medicine with his local community. He opened a small clinic where he treated patients patiently using acupuncture, herbal medicine, and other natural methods. Many people in his town began to trust and appreciate the treatments he provided. 1. What inspired Jack Anderson to study TCM? A. A trip to China when he was young. B. A film that introduced him to TCM. C. His parents’ recommendation of TCM. D. A book about TCM he found in a library. 2. Which words can best describe Jack Anderson? A. Curious and determined. B. Energetic and flexible. C. Generous and respected. D. Athletic and accessible. 3. What made Jack’s study in China challenging at first? A. Language barriers in class and life. B. Strict teachers and high tuition fees. C. Limited chances to praetice medicine. D. Unfamiliar culture and local customs. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Learning TCM B. A Foreigner’s Introduction to TCM C. A Journey to Master and Promote TCM D. The Benefits of TCM in Modern Society Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·河北衡水·期末） Peru is famously known as “Land of the Incas”. A trip to Peru has been on my wish list for quite a while. It was finally time for me to visit the country. My first day started in Lima, the capital of Peru. I met with the G Adventures representative (代表) here about the tour. G Adventures is an organization that helps you to connect with other like-minded people in small group-based travel adventures. They played a big part in helping to make Peru an unforgettable experience for me! In Lima, my representative discussed the plan of my tour, and I also had the chance to explore Lima in my own time, with many activities, including a city tour, show, biking tour, and more. Day two had me taking a flight from Lima to Cusco. Many people visit Cusco for shopping but for me, the main reason for spending a day or two in Cusco was to acclimatize (适应) to the altitude (海拔). As I’d decided to reach the wonder of Machu Picchu, acclimatizing became important to avoid altitude sickness. I was happy to spend a day exploring Cusco. Cusco was once the capital of the Inca Empire. Today, it’s famous for its artists, paintings, clothing and traditional instruments. There’s something for everyone in this city. The day finally came! Day three had me enjoying a lovely guided visit to Machu Picchu at sunrise. I had free time to explore the city on my own as well as with my guide. It was a lot to take in! I had to stop for a moment and felt the energy of such an ancient city. The history here was unbelievable and I will never forget my time here for as long as I live! 1. What is the author’s attitude to G Adventures? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Uninterested. D. Hopeful. 2. Why did the author stay in Cusco? A. To go shopping. B. To find a local guide. C. To get used to the high altitude. D. To do research about the Inca Empire. 3. How did the author feel when traveling around Machu Picchu? A. Full of excitement. B. Out of luck. C. Lost in doubt. D. Deep in regret. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. My love of traveling B. My wonderful trip to Peru C. Peru: “Land of the Incas”. D. Traveling: the future of Peru. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州·期末） Michael Yellow-lees set off to complete a 5,000-mile walk across Canada in the spring of 2021, wearing a kilt(短褶裙)and carrying a few items in a handcart, including a guitar. The 32-year-old musician from Dunked, Scotland, walked from the shores of the Pacific Occam to the cast coast of Newfoundland on the edge of the North Atlantic with his pet dog, Luna, an Alaskan husky, by his side. Speaking about the Scottish Highlands, Mr.Yellow-lees said,“It is a beautiful landscape, but with a strong sense of sadness because of the absence of woodland,wildlife and people. So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life, a Scottish rewinding charity, and its work to restore(恢复)Scotland’s Caledonian Forest.” The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. He also mentioned a moment when he lost Luna after she jumped out of a little boat during a trip in the waterway section of the Trans Canada Trail in Nor-them Ontario. Yet Mr Yellow-lees was deeply touched by the warmth of the people along the way. In every town and village,people offered him food, shelter and donations. And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV. Steve Mickie wright,chief executive officer of Trees for Life,said, “We followed Michael’s journey across Canada with respect and admiration. Restoring native habitats and wildlife to the Highlands is a big task that no one can do alone. But Michael’s extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference.” Bob Davidson, one of Michael Yellow-lees’ friends, said, “This is not a slow walk in the park, but a long march with heavy equipment on the rough road at an incredible pace. He’s an amazing guy.” 1. What do we know about Scottish Highlands from the passage? A. It is located in the east coast of Britain. B. It is a beautiful landscape but full of sorrows. C. It may be once the site of extensive forests. D. It is closely related to a charity in Canada 2. According to Paragraph 3, Michael’s journey . A. involved great excitement and fun B. was a challenging experience C. was troubled by his companion Luna D. once made him regret his decision 3. What attitudes did people along the way hold towards Michael’s action? A. Neutral B. Supportive C. Doubtful D. Indifferent 4. Which of the following statements may Steve Mickie wright’s may agree with? A. We need to respect those who protect the environment. B. It is not wise to take a long journey alone in the wild. C. Ordinary people who aim high can work wonders. D. People needs great survival skills in daily life. 主题02 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） Air pollution remains a global health crisis, responsible for 4.7 million early deaths worldwide in 2021 — about the same as road-traffic accidents, malaria and suicides combined. While road traffic significantly contributes to this problem, the shift to electric vehicles (EVs) presents both promise and challenges that deserve careful examination. Unlike traditional cars, EVs produce no direct exhaust emissions (尾气排放), making them crucial for urban air quality improvement. However, they still produce considerable non-exhaust pollutants from brake, tire and road wear (磨损). These micro particles (颗粒), particularly those smaller than 2.5 microns, pose serious health risks by getting into the lungs and other organs via the bloodstream, potentially causing heart or lung disease, stroke, and cancer. One 2021 study by researchers at the University of Southampton found some brake-pad dust seems more damaging to lung cells, partly due to higher levels of copper, which can damage cells and DNA. Scientists estimate that EVs produce more of these non-exhaust particles than other cars because their batteries make them heavier, the weight averaging 2,133 kg, compared to 1,500-1,800 kg for traditional vehicles, causing them to generate more friction (摩擦). Despite this, EVs are still mostly less polluting than other cars. They maintain an environmental advantage partly through regenerative braking systems where when the driver removes their foot from the pedal, the continued forward motion of the car is harvested to recharge the battery, thereby slowing the car down. Comparative studies show EVs emit about 14 mg/ km of fine particles versus 18 mg/ km for petrol when accounting for all sources. To maximize EV benefits, several strategies are significant. One way is to regulate non-exhaust emissions in a similar way to exhaust. Encouraging people to consider smaller cars, though difficult, would be another, as bigger sizes often mean larger and heavier batteries and the extra range provided by largest batteries may never be needed. Plus, the electricity powering EVs must come from renewable sources to avoid simply relocating pollution to power plants. 1. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To promote the use of EVs. B. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of EVs. C. To argue about car pollution. D. To compare two types of vehicle pollution. 2. How do regenerative braking systems in EVs reduce pollution? A. Stop using brakes completely B. Turn motion into battery power C. Prevent harmful particles D. Make the car lighter. 3. Which best explains “relocating” in Paragraph 4? A. reducing. B. shifting. C. hiding. D. measuring. 4. What can be inferred about oversized EVs? A. They may cause unnecessary pollution. B. They help regulate emissions. C. They are powered with renewable sources. D. They show technological progress. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东清远·期末） Recently at Phoenix airport, I entered a taxi and, as driverless cars moved alongside us on the highway, the driver asked me what I thought about AI. Before I could respond, he began complaining about how AI would influence human jobs — in the era of AI, he said, humans will finally end up with no work. I could argue that AI — like machine learning and big language models — will clearly help important fields like healthcare. But there are real worries too, like hackers (黑客) misusing it or the huge energy needed for data centers. Still, I’m not too concerned about AI taking over people’s jobs. Why not? Because of “Polanyi’s Paradox” — the idea that humans know things we can’t explain, which limits AI’s ability to copy key human skills. For example, in math, we can describe processes involving data collection and analysis that can be taught to students. That’s explicit knowledge, which enables us to program a computer to analyze and learn from data. But many human activities use abilities we understand intuitively (直觉地) but cannot clearly explain. This is implicit knowledge. Therefore, human subjective experiences, beliefs and empathy (共情) form unbeatable barriers (障碍) that keep AI from replacing humans at work. As Dr. Tom McClelland at Clare College observed, it’s one thing to win a game of chess; another thing to feel the excitement of victory. That’s because those internal processes come from human consciousness (意识), which plays an important role in the development of humans — biologically, culturally and behaviorally, all of which form the basis of our society. You can’t program consciousness — mountains of literature and research have been published on the subject, and yet we still can’t agree on what it is. These barriers to AI’s failure in replacing humans don’t necessarily benefit my Phoenix taxi driver, who must compete with driverless cars. But they should remind us that we’ve faced similar fears before — and that technology has improved, not lowered, our quality of life over the centuries. 1. What did the taxi driver at Phoenix airport worry about? A. Driverless cars are too fast. B. He will lose his job due to AI. C. Hackers will attack his phone. D. Data centers need too much energy. 2. How does explicit knowledge differ from implicit knowledge? A. It can be shown clearly. B. It is based on math skills. C. It is spread through teachers. D. It can be processed intuitively. 3. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. How human society functions. B. How humans have changed over time. C. Why AI can’t replace humans completely. D. Why people can’t program consciousness. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI and the Future of Work: To Fear or Not to Fear B. Humans vs. AI: The Battle for Technological Control C. AI in Daily Life: From Driverless Cars to Healthcare D. Polanyi’s Paradox: The Key to Realizing AI’s Potential Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·浙江宁波·期末） Last week, I visited my local bank to put a cheque into my account. While the procedure itself was relatively simple and user-friendly, I chose to double-check the details with the teller (出纳员) to ensure accuracy. The teller, apparently new to role, was unsure about the steps. He called his manager for assistance. The manager patiently explained everything to me, and I really appreciated what he did. However, as the manager explained the steps, I couldn’t help but notice the teller’s lack of engagement. Instead of absorbing the guidance, he occupied himself with something else. What struck me most was the manager’s passive response to this behavior. Rather than encouraging the teller to focus on his instruction attentively, he simply completed the task himself and returned to his office. On my way home, reflecting on the situation, I realized that the manager failed to use a preventive method. This might lead to the teller’s asking for help again in the future, causing the manager to repeatedly leave his desk to manage the same issues. This would definitely interrupt the manager’s routine work and waste his precious time, which could otherwise be better spent on his core duties. Obviously, if the root cause of the problem is not solved, such situation will happen more than once again, and it will potentially affect customer satisfaction. This experience reveals a fundamental truth: It is a must to enable people to handle tasks independent of external assistance. We shouldn’t emphasize the significance of having a clear vision too much. It involves predicting future needs and making the right moves to solve them. Thus, we should begin with the end in mind, planning for long-term success. After all, sustainable success begins not with fixing today’s issues, but with preventing tomorrow’s. 1. Why did the teller turn to the manager for help? A. He was busy with other affairs. B. The procedure was too complex. C. He had uncertainty as a new employee. D. The matter was not in the charge of him. 2. What kind of help did the manager offer to the teller? A. Absolute replacement. B. Passive response. C. Professional guidance. D. Sincere encouragement. 3. What key strategy does the author recommend to solve such issues? A. Making a further plan about regulation. B. Emphasizing the importance of prevention. C. Having a clear vision of personal development. D. Cultivating independence through empowerment. 4. Which of the following proverbs best matches the main idea of the text? A. Many hands make light work. B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. C. Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. D. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏镇江·期末） Jen Miller isn’t your typical librarian, because she’s also a TikTok star. There are dozens of books placed on top of her shelves, waiting to be processed and shelved or to have their spines (书脊) and covers repaired. She’ll broadcast that process for her more than 450,000 followers once the school day ends. Miller’s account, “Meet Me in the Media Center,” is a fixture on “LibraryTok,” a community of creators who also happen to be librarians. As budget (预算) cuts threaten the familiar spots many are attached to, Miller and other members of LibraryTok are bringing joy back into the library experience. “I just want students to love to read and feel welcome here,” Miller told CNN. “I don’t want them to stress about late fees or damaged books—just to feel safe.” Since joining TikTok in 2023, Miller has attracted an enthusiastic fanbase of viewers who enjoy watching her do her job. There’s an everyday appeal to Miller’s content, which resonates (共鸣) with many viewers nostalgic (怀旧的) for their school days. It’s there in the familiar sound her scanner (扫描仪) makes when a book is returned on time, or in the joy viewers get when they spot books on her shelves that they loved reading in middle school. Miller said commenters have repeatedly referred to her as a “comfort creator,” a view she considers as “the highest praise ever.” Some viewers have been inspired to support their favorite LibraryTok personalities offline. Miller started the “Library Love” series to feature different librarians seeking donations for items like picture books, desks and cleaning supplies. Her followers bought out the entire wishlists of seven libraries, she said. Miller didn’t have TikTok until she started her account and had only heard about the “negative sides” of the app. Upon her entry into the “LibraryTok” space, she found the opposite could be true. 1. What does Miller broadcast on TikTok? A. Roles of school libraries. B. Recommendations of books. C. Behaviors of her followers. D. Aspects of her job. 2. What earns Miller the title “comfort creator”? A. Sharing beloved books with viewers. B. Recording familiar school sounds. C. Bringing back warm school memories. D. Introducing common library tools. 3. Why does the author mention “Library Love” series? A. To promote offline donation methods. B. To inspire students to read books. C. To show Miller’s influence on fans. D. To seek supplies for libraries in need. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Miller? A. Responsible and generous. B. Devoted and creative. C. Humorous and professional. D. Comforting and sensitive. 主题03 人与自我—学习与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东深圳·期末） Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 1. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 2. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 3. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 4. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·浙江杭州·期末） My backpack weighed 53 pounds, filled with dried food, water, and necessities for my first long-distance hike on Canada’s 180-kilometre Sunshine Coast Trail. The journey to the trailhead (登山口) was an adventure in itself — riding my motorcycle in the rain, taking buses, and finally a rubber boat to Sarah Point. As I set off, I felt a mix of excitement and fear. Backcountry trips weren’t new to me, but 15 days alone in the wilderness was a different beast. I was fascinated with all the trail had to offer. Some parts were wide and flat, while others were narrow, steep, and even overgrown. Each night, I stayed in a different hut, living a unique life each day. At Bliss Portage Hut, I found peace on a hidden bench overlooking a forest. Sitting there, I realized how rare it is to have the forest completely to oneself. Hiking develops a unique friendship. Along the way, I kept hearing about Pierre, a cheerful Frenchman with long, curly hair. When we finally met on Tin Hat Mountain, it felt like reuniting with an old friend. We laughed about how the trail had connected us before we even crossed paths. It struck me how such journeys remove pretences (做作), leaving only human connection. Why do people hike? Is it for the views, the loneliness, or the challenge? For me, it was about independence and adventure, a chance to experience real life. The trail became a pilgrimage (朝圣之旅), reconnecting me with the world and myself. Each step reminded me of our smallness in the universe yet our great feelings. Upon completion, I found my motorcycle, feeling a bittersweet mix of achievement and loss. Returning to city life felt dreamlike, as if the past 15 days had been a dream. The trail had changed me, teaching me to appreciate simpleness and freedom, lessons I’d carry long after the hike ended. Life on the trail was a reminder of what truly matters. 1. What did the author experience before getting to the trailhead? A. He joined a package tour. B. He came across a wild beast. C. He covered 180 kilometres. D. He used various means of transportation. 2. What was the trip like according to paragraph 2? A. It was short of excitement. B. It was basically a desert hike. C. It offered a variety of experiences. D. It brought a sense of loneliness. 3. What was the author’s friendship with Pierre based on? A. Shared experience. B. Sincere care. C. Similar backgrounds. D. Regular contacts. 4. What lesson might the author learn from the trip? A. Simplicity and freedom are valuable. B. Happiness is what truly matters. C. Nothing can compare with city life. D. Living a simple life is never possible. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏苏州·期末） “When choosing a career, I’ve always believed that young people should seek what they truly love.” That’s exactly the path Moyun has taken. Moyun, a music influencer, gained fame by covering (翻唱) pop songs on the guzheng. Since 2014, her Bilibili uploads have earned millions of views. Despite the overnight success, Moyun didn’t let it upset her life. “I was still a student at the time, and during those years focused on studying, the video’s sudden popularity didn’t really change my daily routine,” she recalled. But the wave of positive comments from the audience greatly inspired her to follow her love for the guzheng. With this drive, Moyun has gained many fans by playing modern songs on the old guzheng and slowly created her own special way of mixing old and new music styles. One standout example of her works is the cover of the Eagles’ Hotel California, which has gotten over 20 million views on YouTube. Many international viewers, after watching her videos, are amazed by her performances and often ask the same question: “What instrument is this? I’ve never seen it before.” To Moyun, it’s unfortunate that the guzheng is not well-known outside of China. She thinks the common English translation for guzheng- “Chinese zither” -is not quite right. However, she is hopeful that this will change, especially as more young people in China seek to reconnect with their cultural roots. “I believe that when we present the guzheng with cultural confidence on global stages, introducing it proudly by name, it will become the accepted universal term,” Moyun said. Next, Moyun plans to play modern songs from different types of music using the guzheng, challenging ideas about traditional Chinese instruments. With a focus on finger-style techniques and original compositions, she aims to expand what the guzheng can do. “Don’t limit yourself — explore more,” she said. 1. What did Moyun do after her sudden success? A. She quit her studies. B. She changed her performing style. C. She turned a professional. D. She went about her daily life as usual. 2. What makes Moyun’s music particularly special? A. Having unique stage presence. B. Mixing traditional and modern styles. C. Reaching global followers online. D. Focusing on covering classical music. 3. What does Moyun’s attitude to the term “Chinese zither” indicate? A. She favors spreading Chinese culture confidently. B. She regards the guzheng as a type of the zither C. She credits the guzheng’s global fame to the term. D. She hopes Chinese young people reconnect with western culture. 4. Which of the following best describes Moyun? A. Innovative. B. Honest. C. Considerate. D. Generous. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末） At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: “Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”. When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke(笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, “When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two-dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you’ve applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine.” I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.” 1. What did the author initially think of her name “Chen Yiwen”? A. It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B. She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C. She understood the intention but still disliked it. D. Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 2. The author decided to learn calligraphy to ______. A. pick up a new hobby B. reconnect with her origin C. gain insights into a new culture D. fit in with local community 3. From the teacher’s words, the author learns that calligraphy ______. A. reflects the creator’s spirits B. comes from creative energy C. highlights the design of strokes D. depends on continuous practice 4. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Appreciate what our culture offers. B. Find beauty from your inner self. C. A great teacher leads you to truth. D. We are the sum of what we create. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末） On a bright July day in the Nangili, Kenya, the kids from the village gathered at Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans, to kick around a soccer ball made from waste plastic bags tied tightly together with rope. Blessed Children’s Home has no running water, television or social media. They live on a diet mostly consisting of rice and vegetables. For drinking water, they use collected rainwater and water drawn from a hand-dug unfiltered well. The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. The training we received from Kenya’s world-class runners was excellent, but our most memorable experiences in Kenya were with the orphans at Blessed Children’s Home. When we arrived there, the children welcomed us warmly. Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. We spent many hours a day with them, laughing, running, competing, and playing. Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. I want to study business in college so I can help set up social enterprises in Africa that would give opportunities to kids like the orphans I met. They have taught me more than I ever imagined. I realize now that I can learn the deepest life lessons from people with whom I might have thought I had little in common. I look forward to returning to Nangili to play with them again. 1. What does Blessed Children’s Home do? A. It helps poor children survive. B. It shares children’s stories in Kenya. C. It fights for children’s rights in Kenya. D. It takes care of children who don’t have parents. 2. What can we learn about the kids in Nangili from paragraph 2? A. They are on a diet. B. They lead a simple but happy life. C. They have friendships with American kids. D. They are unable to adapt to the living conditions. 3. Why did Caleb and the author go to Kenya? A. To receive training. B. To do sightseeing. C. To study Kenya’s history. D. To teach in a children’s home. 4. What does the author mainly want to tell us? A. Children like playing card games and soccer. B. Nangili is a very poor village with few resources. C. We should be grateful for what we have and the people around us. D. It is wise to make friends with people having little in common with us. 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） As rain fell, Musa Darboe, a Gambian farmer, stood before the tomb of the late Chinese scientist Yuan Longping in Changsha, Hunan province, to pay his respects to the “father of hybrid rice”. “Professor Yuan, your seeds have taken root in Gambia. We are no longer hungry,” Darboe said. Darboe, whose farm was the first in Gambia to use agricultural machinery, learned about hybrid rice technology from Yuan’s team. The farmer recalled Yuan’s advice: “Farming requires down-to-earth effort; a single seed can change the world.” They are words that Darboe believes are becoming a reality in his homeland. Gambia used to rely heavily on imported rice, due to outdated agricultural technology, low mechanization levels and small-scale rice cultivation (栽培，种植). In 2018, following his father’s death, Darboe returned to his African home from the United States to manage the family farm. “At the beginning, I couldn’t find anyone to teach us how,” Darboe recalled. In the first year, he planted only three hectares of rice, harvesting with outdated methods like “threshing grain with oil drums”. His first harvest happened to meet with heavy rainfall, flooding the rice. He considered abandoning the farm and moving back to the US. Fortunately, Huang Zhi and his team of experts from Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co. arrived in Gambia. They shared their techniques, from plowing and planting to harvesting and processing. When the first rice transplanter entered the farm, Darboe was surprised at it, recalling that “this was a miracle (奇迹) my father’s generation wouldn’t have dared to dream of”. The shift from manual (手工的) threshing to mechanization saw production skyrocket to an average of 7 tons per hectare—two to three times the average local production. Over the next five years, Darboe’s farm expanded from three hectares to 100. The land in Gambia “is very rich, but we lack technology and equipment”, Darboe said. As he sees it, partnerships with China are beginning to turn that situation around. 1. Why did Musa Darboe pay his respects to Yuan Longping? A. Because Yuan Longping visited Gambia and helped him personally. B. Because Yuan’s hybrid rice technology has greatly benefited Gambia. C. Because Yuan Longping was his teacher in agricultural science. D. Because Yuan Longping donated money to Gambian farmers. 2. What does “threshing grain with oil drums” in paragraph 3 suggest about traditional farming methods in Gambia? A. They were highly efficient and modern. B. They required little manual labor. C. They were out of date and inefficient. D. They were environmentally friendly. 3. How did the introduction of mechanization impact Darboe’s farm? A. It reduced the farm’s size but improved quality. B. It increased the production per hectare significantly. C. It made farming more dependent on foreign aid. D. It caused many local workers to lose their jobs. 4. Which title best fits the passage? A. “The Life of Yuan Longping: Father of Hybrid Rice” B. “From Hunger to Harvest: How Chinese Tech Helps Gambia Grow” C. “The Growth of Gambia’s Farms: A Success Story” D. “China’s Agricultural Technology: Changing the World” Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·广东广州·期末） On a cool September evening, I found myself seated around a worn wooden table at a Dungan family’s home in Kyrgyzstan, surrounded by travelers from Spain, Canada, and Russia. The table was set with slices of watermelon as well as cucumber and tomato salads. Our hostess Mrs.Zhang then served us a bamboo basket of steaming jin momo — soft buns similar to Chinese baozi — while explaining how her ancestors had brought wheat growing techniques from northwestern China during the late 19th century. Soon the table was filled with dishes telling silent stories: cucumber salads carrying Gansu flavors and lagman noodles mixing Central Asian vegetables with Shaanxi hand-pulling techniques. As people drank tea and talked in different languages. I gradually understood this gathering was more than a meal. The Spanish architect beside me was amazed at how food could preserve cultural codes across centuries and borders. The Canadian teacher noted that Mrs. Zhang’s kitchen — where Chinese chopping knives met Kyrgyz clay pots — mirrored today’s globalized world. The scene reminds me of Lisa Kyung Gross’ research in New York. Her documentation of immigrant chefs shows food’s double magic: Spanish bakers reinvent date cookies by dipping them in Belgian chocolate, adding new charm and flavors to traditional food. As Gross poetically notes, every bite contains layers of history, yet remains open to new understandings. Perhaps this food magic explains why UNESCO lists 38 food traditions as Intangible Cultural Heritage From Japanese seasonal philosophy to Italian pizza-making skills, these living traditions show how cooking practices maintain identities while encouraging dialogues. That night in Dungan House, the Russian software engineer’s laughter as he struggled with chopsticks perfectly conveyed the message — cultural exchange isn’t about perfection, but shared humanity. 1. What does Mr. Zhang’s explanation of jin momo show? A. The mixture of cooking styles. B. The spread of Chinese farming skills. C. The friendship between two countries. D. The development of traditional Chinese cuisine. 2. Which is the focus of Lisa Kyung Gross research? A. Heritage protection. B. Home-based recipe. C. Cultural shock. D. Immigrant adaptation. 3. What can we learn from the Russian engineer’s experience? A. Laughter helps to overcome cultural shock. B. Communication matters more than correct use. C. Traditional table manners carry humanity code. D. Cultural exchange requires perfect understanding. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. Ta explain how UNESCO protects cultural heritage. B. To discuss food as a bridge between different cultures. C. To describe the cooking techniques of Dungan families. D. To compare different food traditions in Asia and Europe Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·河北石家庄·期末） The rich fragrance of freshly roasted coffee filled the air inside a stylish stone cabin in the eastern Chinese village that houses Frank Sterzer’s cafe: Bamboo Coffee Roasters. After more than 20 years as an engineer and executive with leading automobile companies in Germany and China, Frank has found a new calling and fulfillment in the village of Maoli near Ningbo in Zhejiang province. Inspired by his lifelong love of coffee, Frank turns what had been a hobby into a thriving business. “Zhejiang’s countryside has excellent infrastructure (基础设施) and beautiful landscapes, and I find it the ideal place to start my business,” Frank says. Maoli is located less than a 30-minute drive from the Ningbo city center, striking a pleasing balance between urban convenience and rural tranquility. For Frank, the experience of sipping a cup of coffee while enjoying a slice of handmade cake and gazing at the countryside, captures the type of tranquil lifestyle he hopes to share with visitors. The cafe is named after the abundance of bamboo around Maoli, while its logo was inspired by a photograph Frank took of a nearby bamboo forest. He has also created a small coffee factory behind the shop front, where excellent beans from around the world are neatly stacked (叠放) next to gently humming roasting machines. All these have become key components of the cafe’s success. Since opening in June 2024, Bamboo Coffee Roasters has quickly become a popular destination, attracting visitors from near and far including international travelers taking advantage of China’s expanded visa-free policies. Before the Spring Festival, the cafe was welcoming guests from all over, including nearby cities like Hangzhou and Shanghai. “We came to Ningbo for local delicacies and business, purchasing local produce. Products such as honey oranges, bamboo shoots and tea have also found wider markets, thanks to the cafe’s reputation,” one tourist said. 1. What made Frank set up the cafe in Maoli? A. The village’s outstanding facilities and picturesque sceneries. B. China’s expanded visa-free policies for international travelers. C. Frank’s newly found enthusiasm for coffee and roasting beans. D. The combination of urban convenience with rural booming industry. 2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Contributing factors to the business’ thriving. B. The hardships of running the business. C. Origins of Bamboo Coffee Roasters. D. The vast profit earned from the business. 3. Why is the tourist comment mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To prove guests from all over promoted Frank’s business. B. To tell us the success of Frank’s business enhanced local economy. C. To share with readers the intense interest of tourists in exploring Ningbo. D. To advertise for the local businesses to promote the sale of local produce. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. An Overnight Celebrity: From Engineer to Business Founder B. Relaxing Coffee Culture: A New Trend of Lifestyle in Zhejiang Villages C. A Perfect Integration: The Fragrance of Coffee and the Peace of Rural Life D. Bamboo Coffee Roasters: A Miracle of International Investment in China Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·浙江温州·期末） Jaden Anthony, a boy from Brooklyn, New York, was born with a disease called diabetes (糖尿病), a condition that often leaves him feeling thirsty. Deeply aware of the importance of clean water, he became concerned when he learned of the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. In 2014, the city began using water that contained dangerous levels of lead (铅), which is harmful to all, especially children. Even small amounts could cause diseases and affect learning abilities. Therefore, Jaden wanted to do something to help the kids in Flint. Being a comic book fan, Jaden decided to create his own to raise awareness about clean water and donate funds. “Kid Brooklyn,” he explained in an interview, “aims to make both kids and adults recognize global dangers.” In the first book of a series, the main character Kid Brooklyn and his friends are given an unusual Sun Stone that helps them develop super powers. They use those powers to keep the planet clean and safe. Jaden works with illustrators to bring the characters and stories to life. Jaden was twelve years old when his first book was published in October 2017. A dollar from every book Jaden sells is donated to Green for All, an organization to bring clean, fresh water to the families in Flint. Future issues of the comic will promote different environmental causes. Jaden wants to encourage children all over the world to become scientists and engineers who can fix the problems caused by climate change. He also has a message for the kids of the world who don’t have the same access to clean water as he has. “Don’t get sad. Don’t lose any hope. We got you.” 1. What made Jaden take action to help the children? A. He visited Brooklyn on holiday. B. His disease became more serious. C. He noticed water pollution in Flint. D. His learning abilities were affected. 2. What is mainly written about the kids in the first book? A. Their problem. B. Their donation. C. Their friendship. D. Their contribution. 3. What can be learned about future comic issues? A. They will inspire scientists. B. They will offer climate solutions. C. They will target diabetes research. D. They will support more green efforts. 4. Which of the following could best describe Jaden? A. Caring. B. Intelligent. C. Humorous. D. Grateful. 主题01 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·四川绵阳·期末） The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements. For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the “Three Laws of Robotics”. These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future? The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only question what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity. 1. What do we know about I, Robot? A. It instructs scientists in detail. B. It boosts research on bridges. C. It facilitates public access to science. D. It sets laws for robots in the real world. 2. Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem? A. To point out the complexity of science. B. To warn about the dangers of technology. C. To show literature’s moral concerns about science. D. To suggest literature’s direct influence on innovation. 3. What do the underlined words “stir the pot” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Explore and explain. B. Challenge and reflect. C. Assume and examine. D. Educate and entertain. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Science: the Blueprint of Literature B. Science: a Whisper in Literature’s Ear C. Literature: a Critical Insight into Science D. Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南京·期末） Animal testing refers to the use of animals in scientific experiments. Primarily, animals are used in research experiments to test disease treatments to ensure the safety of new medical treatments. Though animals are viewed as essential by many scientists, we should try to avoid using animals in experiments if possible. Advocates of animal testing argue that animals offer scientists opportunities to address health problems when it is immorally acceptable or impractical to study and experiment on humans. Animals chosen for research are often biologically similar to humans and are therefore useful case studies for scientists to study the symptoms of diseases and the effectiveness of the treatments developed. Scientists rely heavily on animal models to find the cure for “unprecedented” diseases. In the development of the corona virus vaccine (疫苗), multiple animals were used as models, such as ferrets that display similar symptoms as humans when infected with the virus. These animals are crucial for scientists to study the symptoms of the virus and evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccines developed before they are tested on humans. As such, the use of animals in research experiments does enhance the efficiency of scientists’ search for the cure and minimizes the associated risks of applying newly developed drugs to humans. However, not all research experiments involving animals are effective. Although some animals display characteristics similar to humans, animals and humans are different species and therefore, it is impossible to recreate human conditions on research animals. Research data has shown that animal studies fail to predict real human outcomes in 50 to 99.7 percent of cases. This is because the species tested are often artificially induced (诱导) with medical conditions unique to humans. As a result, nine in ten drugs developed using animal testing suffer from failure. Considering the high cost of animal testing, as well as the pain and suffering animals have to go through during the procedure, animal testing is hardly a cost-effective way of research. Sometimes, such research experiments produce nothing but the killing of innocent animals. Therefore, the use of animals in scientific experiments should be minimized and carried out only when necessary. 1. Why are animals used in scientific experiments? A. Because many scientists consider them as necessary. B. Because animals share biological similarities with humans. C. Because they can ensure the safety of new medical treatments. D. Because animals offer scientists opportunities to solve problems. 2. Why are “ferrets” mentioned in paragraph two? A. To remind humans should be grateful to animals. B. To indicate animals made great contributions to humans. C. To prove animals are widely used in research experiments. D. To illustrate animal trials can contribute to medical advances. 3. How does the author argue against animal testing? A. By listing figures. B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing cause and effect. D. By making comparisons. 4. What is the author’s primary argument? A. Animal testing should be avoided because of its high cost. B. Despite its contributions, animal testing should be minimized. C. Animal testing should be banned immediately due to its cruelty. D. Considering its effectiveness, animal testing should be promoted . Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末） Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland’s volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway. WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled particles (微粒) can enter the lungs and cause respiratory (呼吸的) problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask. Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health and said WHO’s warnings were “hysterical”. They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance—like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe— its health effects are often minimal, experts say. “Not all particles are created equal,” said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, “In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful.” And he said most Europeans’ exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk. Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. “The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven’t heard of any ill effects there,” he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was “over the top” and “a bit hysterical”. 1. What can you learn in paragraph 3? A. The volcanic ash had no impact on Europeans. B. Other experts highly approved of WHO’s warnings. C. The volcanic ash posed more risks than cigarette smoke. D. Even healthy people could experience discomfort due to the ash. 2. According to Ken Donaldson, who are most likely to be at risk due to the volcanic ash? A. Europeans living in big cities. B. People who often smoke cigarettes. C. Those staying outdoors for a long time. D. People in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano. 3. What does the underlined word “hysterical” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Amazing. B. Practical. C. Valuable. D. Overstated. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. Panic caused by volcanic ash. B. WHO’s warnings on volcanic ash. C. Views on volcanic ash’s health risks. D. Volcanic ash’s environmental effects. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·湖南师大附中·期末） We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends? In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy (精通技术的). However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list. 1. Why do many parents want to learn about social networking sites? A. Because they are eager to explore technologies. B. Because they are bored with their daily life. C. Because they want to watch their children. D. Because they start to realize their importance. 2. What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ friend request? A. They have nothing to hide. B. Their privacy cannot be guaranteed. C. They don’t want to teach their parents. D. They can’t choose friends around them. 3. Why is the survey mentioned in the passage? A. To warn parents. B. To relieve parents. C. To challenge parents. D. To criticize parents. 4. What is most likely to be talked about next? A. How to bridge the generation gap. B. How to make friends on social networks. C. How to explain to parents about the rejection. D. How to use the social networking sites wisely. 主题01 人与自我—学习与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·福建福州·期末） Many people in America believe that “more is better”. College students often share this idea when they use laptops in class. Laptops do allow students to do more, like engage in online activities, and access information from the Internet. In fact, students who use laptops often take many more notes than those who write by hand. Moreover, when students take notes using laptops, they tend to take notes verbatim, writing down every word the teacher says. Obviously, they believe that it is advantageous to take more complete notes that are useful for later review. However, research by Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer shows a surprising result. Across the experiments, Mueller and Oppenheimer had students take notes in a classroom setting and then tested students on their memory for factual detail, their conceptual (概念的) understanding of the material, and their ability to generalize the information. Half of the students were instructed to take notes with a laptop, and the other half were instructed to write the notes out by hand. In each study, however, those who wrote out their notes by hand had a stronger conceptual understanding and were more successful in applying the material than those who took notes with their laptops. What drives this unexpected finding? Writing by hand is slower and forces students to listen carefully. They must think about what is important and then summarize the information in their own words. This process makes the brain work harder and helps them understand and remember better. On the other hand, typing on a laptop is so fast that many students write everything down without thinking deeply about the lecture. This type of note-taking does not help them learn well. The research by Mueller and Oppenheimer serves as a reminder, however, that even when technology allows us to do more in less time, it does not always foster (促进) learning. Even though laptops let students record a lot of information quickly, deep learning happens when the brain must work to choose and summarize key ideas. 1. What does the underlined word “verbatim” in the first paragraph mean? A. Regularly. B. Nervously. C. Exactly as spoken. D. Creatively as expected. 2. What do Mueller and Oppenheimer find in their research? A. More complete notes are very useful for later review. B. Students who write out their notes on paper learn more. C. College teachers increasingly turn to technology in class. D. Students who take notes with a laptop outperform the rest. 3. What does the author focus on in paragraph 3? A. Giving an example. B. Introducing a new topic. C. Making a summary. D. Offering an explanation. 4. What should students do when it comes to learning according to the text? A. Use more brain power instead of technology. B. Produce a written record as soon as possible. C. Have a memory test shortly after each lesson. D. Brush up on some language points repeatedly. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·四川成都·期末） It was the final race of the season, the 800 meters, and my legs felt like lead. The hot sun beat down on the track, and the roar of the crowd seemed distant. I had trained hard all summer, but now, facing my toughest competitor, Sarah Chen, doubt crept in. She always seemed to have an extra burst of speed at the end. The starting gun fired. We surged forward, a pack of brightly colored jerseys. The first lap felt surprisingly smooth, but as we rounded the curve into the second lap, the familiar burn started in my lungs. Sarah pulled slightly ahead. “Just keep her in sight,” I told myself, remembering Coach’s words: “Run your own race.” With 200 meters to go, the gap between Sarah and me widened. My legs screamed to slow down, and negative thoughts flooded my mind: “You can’t catch her. Second place is okay.” I glanced at the stands and saw my teammates waving wildly, their faces full of encouragement. Then, Coach’s voice cut through the noise: “Kick NOW, Mia! Everything you’ve got!” Something clicked. It wasn’t just about winning against Sarah anymore; it was about pushing myself to my absolute limit, about honoring all those hours of practice. I dug deep, deeper than I ever had before. My arms pumped harder, my stride lengthened, and I focused solely on the finish line ribbon. The pain was intense, but it was pushed aside by sheer determination. The last few meters were a blur. I threw myself forward. As I crossed the line, breathless and wobbly, I had no idea who had won. Then I heard the announcement: “First place ... Mia Johnson!” A wave of disbelief and pure joy washed over me. Sarah finished a split-second later, offering a tired but genuine smile and a handshake. “Great kick,” she said, breathing heavily. That moment of mutual respect meant almost as much as the medal. That race taught me more than just how to run faster. It taught me that your biggest competitor is often yourself — the voice that says you can’t. And that finding the strength to silence that voice, even for just the final stretch, can lead to achievements you never thought possible. 1. How did Mia feel at the beginning of the race? A. Confident and energetic. B. Focused solely on beating Sarah. C. Excited by the crowd’s noise. D. Doubtful and physically heavy. 2. When the coach shouts “Kick NOW, Mia”, the word “kick” most probably means ________. A. to ignore pain and continue moving B. to strike the ground with one’s foot C. to suddenly increase running speed D. to focus on proper running form 3. What is the symbolic meaning of Sarah offering Mia a handshake after the race? A. It reflects the universal sportsmanship spirit. B. It helps to cover Sarah’s disappointment in losing the race. C. It highlights Mia’s physical superiority. D. It indicates Sarah’s pity for Mia’s effort. 4. What does Mia realize is the most important thing she learned from the race? A. Winning against a strong competitor is the ultimate goal. B. Following Coach’s instructions is crucial for success. C. Her biggest challenge is overcoming her own self-doubt. D. Physical pain is temporary, but medals last forever. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·湖南师大附中·期末） The message took me by surprise. It came from my Ph.D. adviser, asking me whether I’d apply for a fellowship (学术奖金) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Two years earlier, I’d written a proposal for the very same award — a requirement for passing my Ph.D. qualifying exam. Before it, I’d never written a full research proposal. My adviser wanted me to come up with a brand-new project. The process was like figuring out how the pieces of a complex puzzle (拼图) should fit together. Finally, I focused on creating a secure proposal, with experiments that were almost guaranteed to be scientifically practical. The result was indeed like that, but far from creative. Eventually, I failed. On my second try, I squeaked (勉强通过) by. I was relieved, but the reviewers’ comments hurt me: my ideas weren’t novel and interesting. I awkwardly thanked people when they congratulated me, feeling insecure and defeated. In the following years, I focused on the lab experiments, and mastered new techniques. I gained the practice of submitting applications for several small grants (助学金). Bit by bit, I began seeing myself in a new light and trusting my decisions. So, when my adviser convinced me to apply for the NIH fellowship this time, I was determined not to play it safe and to create a more daring project. Despite old criticisms, I landed on a plan that built on the work I’d done but used fresh ideas. Regardless of whether my idea proved to be correct, I thought it was worth the effort. I’d seen my project indicate new research directions and push back the frontiers of my subject. Five months later, I prepared myself for heartbreak once again as I logged in. But amazingly, I secured the fellowship with great reviews. I can’t claim to have mastered the art of writing an NIII proposal. But the award empasized that avoiding negative reviewer comments shouldn’t be the only aim. Exciting projects, with daring ideas, are the ones that will move our science forward and awaken the curiosity of scientists. 1. Why did the author’s first proposal fail? A. It’s not complete. B. It’s not practical. C. It’s not creative. D. It’s too simple. 2. How did the author benefit from the lab experiments? A. They helped him to get his Ph.D. B. They helped to gain peer trust. C. They increased his self-confidence. D. They helped his second proposal pass. 3. Why did the author feel the project worth his effort? A. It expanded the boundaries in his field. B. It earned him some money over the years. C. It satisfied the requirements of NIH. D. It met the expectations of his adviser. 4. What does the author’s experience tell us? A. Stability wins the race. B. No daring step, no reward. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Opportunity rewards the ready. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·广东江门·期末） For many, Chinese characters seem like complex symbols. However, Lena, a 20-year-old American college student, views them in a unique way. To her, each character has its own story. She pictures “ren” (person) as a cat’s face, and “ceng” (once) as an angry robot. Lena gained popularity when she spent only 30 minutes drawing “ceng” and posted it on Xiaohongshu. Amazingly, this simple drawing got 40,000 likes overnight. Now, her creative artworks raise discussions about language, art, and cultural exchange. Growing up in a diverse community with many Asians, Lena was surrounded by different languages and cultures. “As a child, I had Chinese friends. I was fascinated by seeing their names on lunch boxes. This language was so new to me, completely different from Western languages,” Lena remembered. This early curiosity remained with her and reappeared in college during a US-China relations course, which deepened her interest in modern Chinese culture. Deep in Xiaohongshu, Lena noticed more characters that looked like various objects. She describes herself as imaginative and highly perceptive, often spotting details others miss. Besides drawing, Lena translates all her posts into Chinese to show respect to her followers. Her efforts have helped her make Chinese friends online, chatting about daily life and food. Some followers said Lena understands the beauty of Chinese characters better than many Chinese. “It’s because you’re used to them,” Lena replied, adding the opposite is also true. For example, she learned from Chinese friends that “orz” looks like a person bowing in apology, but it means nothing in English. “It’s something I never thought of. That’s the result of a non-native looking at unfamiliar characters,” she said. As Lena plans to share more character-inspired art on Xiaohongshu, her story shows a truth: language is more than words; it’s about connection and understanding the world from others’ perspectives. 1. How did Lena become popular on Xiaohongshu? A. By sharing her daily life in China. B. By translating English articles into Chinese. C. By having online chats with Chinese netizens. D. By posting creative drawings of Chinese characters. 2. What deepened Lena’s interest in modern Chinese culture? A. Her Chinese friends. B. A US-China relations course. C. Using Xiaohongshu. D. Drawing Chinese characters. 3. Why did Lena mention the example “orz”? A. To explain learning difficulty. B. To prove followers’ over-praise. C. To show non-natives’ unique views. D. To analyze grammar differences. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Lena gains popularity on Xiaohongshu. B. Diverse background fuels Lena’s interest. C. Chinese characters: more than simple symbols. D. Creative characters bridge language and culture. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C Passage 4【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B Passage 5【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 主题02 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D Passage 4【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 主题03 人与自我—学习与成长 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A Passage 4【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B Passage 5【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 主题01 人与社会—社会文化公益 Passage 1【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B Passage 3【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C Passage 4【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 主题01 人与社会—科技与职业发展 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B Passage 3【答案】1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C Passage 4【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 主题01 人与自我—学习与成长 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B Passage 4【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $