专题03 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编，山东专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 八年级下记叙文阅读理解专题汇编，精选山东多地期末真题，涵盖个人经历、文学名著等六大主题，以真实情境与经典文本融合，提升语言理解与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4-5题|细节理解（如迷路经历细节）、词义猜测（如“fainted”）、主旨大意（如故事核心事件）、推理判断（如人物情感推断）|融入《老人与海》等名著选段，结合科技（猪心脏移植）、社会发展（改革开放变化）等热点，问题设计从基础信息到深层感悟，适配期末综合能力考查需求|

专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我--个人经历 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东济宁市任城区·期末） The fog (雾) was thick. As we walked deep into the forest, it was difficult to know where we were going and when we would get out. We were scared, but we had to keep moving. The forest just seemed to never end. We were lost in the middle of the dark black forest with nothing to drink or eat. I felt it hard to breathe (呼吸). My legs got so weak that I fell down and fainted. When I woke up, Emily was hitting my face. Both Emily and Mike looked really worried. They helped me sit up against a tree. None of us said a word. Then, we heard tigers roaring (吼叫) far away. I couldn’t tell who was more scared. The looks on my friends’ faces made me feel very scared. Which way was the right one? We sat there for two more minutes and then decided to keep going. Suddenly, a tiger appeared in front of us. It gave us a quick look and ran away. We were so scared that we didn’t stop walking. To our excitement, there was an old house in the opposite direction. When we reached the house, smoke was rising from the chimney (烟囱). There must be someone in the house. We knocked, but no one answered. We knocked again, and then we heard someone walking towards the door. A kind young woman opened the door and let us in. How lucky we were! 1．What happened to the three friends? A．They didn’t know how to get to the forest. B．They couldn’t find the way out of the forest. C．They couldn’t decide when to get out of the forest. D．They forgot to take something to eat with them. 2．The underlined word “fainted” means “________” in Chinese. A．昏厥 B．放弃 C．生病 D．绝望 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The writer went to the forest on a sunny day. B．There were three young children in the old house. C．The three friends were excited about the old house. D．The tiger looked at the three friends for over two minutes. 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．A wonderful journey to the forest. B．A terrible experience in the forest. C．How to ask for directions in the forest. D．How to keep tigers away in the forest. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历城区·期末） Sleeping. Eating. Sleeping. Eating again. Life in a pigpen (猪圈) is boring. Nothing ever changes. Sometimes, I can’t help thinking: What do I live for? “Pigs produce pork. Just eat as much as you can!” my roommates told me. “It is sad, but you can’t change it, can you?” But last month, I heard the pigpen owner talking on the phone about something unusual. Some American doctors saved a very sick man by replacing his heart with a pig’s. This had never successfully been done before. My owner sounded excited. I know why. His elderly uncle had been in the hospital for weeks because of a serious heart problem. A heart transplant (移植), the doctors said, was perhaps the best choice for him. However, ___________. Most heart patients have to wait years before they are able to receive a transplant. Some of them die during this long and painful process. The successful operation (手术) in America means that in the future, people can depend on us pigs for healthy hearts. We are easy to raise, and we grow quickly. Sadly, I am just an ordinary pig. I’m not able to save my owner’s uncle. But some of my kids will probably be growing up in a special lab. They will be living as lifesavers, instead of pork providers. Perhaps my owner was talking to scientists about cooperation (合作) that day. Perhaps life in the pigpen will finally be a bit different. 1．Why was the owner so excited? A．Because he can cooperate with hospitals. B．Because he can get a good price for his pigs. C．Because one of his pigs can tell a true story. D．Because the new heart transplant may save his uncle. 2．Which of the following statements can be the best to put into ________. A．I can’t believe it at first B．that is really a great invention C．this is easier said than done D．the operation needs a lot of money 3．What is the purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To list the best ways to the problem. B．To share the writer’s fears with readers. C．To show readers how to run the operation. D．To tell readers the importance of the invention. 4．Who is probably able to save my owner’s uncle? A．I myself. B．My children. C．My owner. D．My roommates. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Pigs can produce nice pork. B．Pigs have something new to offer. C．The owner’s uncle has a heart problem. D．The mother pig hopes to meet bright future. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历城区·期末） One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realised that although I didn’t make the pie successfully, I really enjoyed the process (过程). The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. But in this busy world, we see a lot of successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. Don’t always compare yourself with others. First of all, we are all different. And success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. Ride your own ride. Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop. Reward (奖励) yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way. For example, if you are in the process of losing weight, enjoy your favourite cake once in a while. 1．How does the writer start the article? A．By giving an example. B．By comparing facts. C．By using old sayings. D．By listing numbers. 2．What does the underlined word “which” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Real success. B．Happiness. C．Competition. D．New experiences. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The writer will never make a pie again. B．The writer’s mum didn’t like the pie at all. C．A small step with a reward can help you keep going. D．Impatience and comparing always leads to success. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Enjoy the process. B．What does success mean to us? C．Never give up. D．How can we achieve good results? Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东德州市德城区·期末） I had a dream last night. In the dream my brother Jimmy sang happily with his friends. However, this would never be true in real life. My eight-year-old brother is an autistic (患自闭症的) child. He doesn’t know how to talk with others. He can’t do many things by himself. No one would like to make friends with him at school. To care for him, my mother left her job and now stays at home. She takes Jimmy to the doctors to get treatment (治疗) every Friday. But it doesn’t work well. Jimmy still doesn’t know what to do at school. He always forgets to bring his things home and even loses his books. As Jimmy’s sister, I am really worried about him. I heard that some students often laughed at him. Some boys even took away others’ pencils and put them in Jimmy’s schoolbag. Then they told the teacher Jimmy did that. Every time I hear about these things, I feel really sad. Jimmy is always smiling although life is difficult for him. I love my brother. I hope things can get better soon and that the autistic children like Jimmy can grow up happily. 1．The writer might feel ________ when she woke up from the dream. A．afraid B．excited C．sorry D．happy 2．What can we learn about Jimmy? A．He can sing well. B．He became ill at 8. C．He has a lot of dreams. D．He has few friends at school. 3．The underlined words “care for” probably mean? A．look after B．agree with C．keep clear of D．communicate with 4．The boys in Jimmy’s school ________. A．often lost things B．didn’t listen to the teacher C．were not friendly to Jimmy D．took away Jimmy’s schoolbag 5．The writer wants to tell us to ________. A．love our family and friends B．show love to autistic children C．keep smiling when life is difficult D．help autistic children get treatment 主题02 人与社会--文学名著 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东潍坊市高新区·期末） On 20th June 1702, I set off for Surat, on a ship called the Adventure. The first part of our trip went well. But later there were some terrible storms. The winds were so strong that they sent our ship off course. We didn’t know where we were. At last, when the storms stopped, we saw an island. We had no more drinking water, so the captain sent me to find some fresh water on the island. I set off with some other men in a small boat. And when we got there, I travelled around the island by myself while the men looked for water. That was a big mistake. When I went back, there were no men and no boat! Then I saw them rowing back to our ship with a giant (巨人) following them in the sea! They were very afraid. I ran as fast as I could. I then climbed up a big hill and when I looked around, I saw fields. Then I saw other giants working in the fields. “On my last trip, I was a giant on an island of tiny (小的) people and now I am a tiny person on an island of giants!” It was not a nice feeling. I was so sad and hid behind a big tree. I had to think of a plan, but at that time one of the giants saw me. 1．The underlined words “off course” in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________. A．moving faster B．breaking down C．going the wrong way D．stopping suddenly 2．Why did the captain send Gulliver to the island? A．To look for a giant. B．To find some fresh water. C．To travel around the island. D．To fight against the giants. 3．Gulliver said “That was a big mistake.”, because ________. A．he found no water on the island B．he got lost while looking for water C．he saw a giant rowing back to the ship D．he travelled around the island by himself 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Gulliver’s first trip in his life. B．Gulliver’s happy life on an island of giants. C．Gulliver’s first trip on an island of tiny people. D．Gulliver’s dangerous experiences on an island of giants. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东日照市岚山区·期末） After 84 days, the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. “The bird has found fish,” he said aloud. No flying fish broke the surface of the sea and there was no scattering (散落) of bait (诱饵) fish in the water. But as the old man watched, a small tuna (金枪鱼) rose in the air, turned and dropped head first into the water. The tuna shone silver in the sun and after he had dropped back into the water, more tuna started jumping out of the water in all directions, chasing after the bait. They were circling it and driving it. “If they don’t travel too fast, I will get into them.” the old man thought, and he watched the tuna making the water white and the bird diving down to catch the bait fish that were forced to the surface in their fear. “The bird is a great help,” the old man said. Just then, the fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight under his foot. He dropped his oars (船桨) and felt the weight of the tuna, and began to pull it in. When he pulled, he could see the blue back of the fish in the water and its golden sides. Finally, he lifted the fish into the boat. The tuna lay in the boat in the sun. He was small and shaped like a bullet. His big eyes stared when he hit against the floor of the boat with his tail. The old man hit him on the head to calm him down and then pushed him to the back of the boat. “He’ll make a beautiful bait. He’ll weigh ten pounds,” the old man said aloud. —Adapted from The Old Man and the Sea 1．Why did the old man say “The bird has found fish” aloud? A．He saw flying fish jumping out of the water. B．The bird’s circling showed fish nearby. C．Bait fish were scattering on the surface. D．A shark attacked his boat suddenly. 2．How did the old man know that there was a fish on his fishing line? A．The bait fish were forced to the surface of the sea. B．The circling bird flew back and told him. C．The fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight. D．He felt the weight of the fish on his hand directly. 3．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．The bird always follows the old man during his fishing trips. B．The size of the tuna made it extremely difficult to catch. C．The tuna still struggled after being pulled into the boat. D．The old man was experienced in handling the caught tuna. 4．How did the old man feel when he caught the tuna? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Annoyed. D．Tired. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂市罗庄区·期末） My name is Black Beauty. I’m a good horse who doesn’t kick or bite people. One day, my owners Squire Gordon and John drove me to go on a long journey. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily. We arrived in the town early, but Squire’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack, and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still (静止). I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. “We must go back,” said John, “and drive six miles to a wooden bridge.” When we got there it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but Squire did not notice and didn’t stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge, I knew something was wrong. I stopped. “Go on, Beauty!” said Squire. John got out and tried to lead me forward. But I refused to go. Just then a man saw us. “Stop!” he cried. “The bridge is broken in the middle. If you go on to it, you are all going to drown (淹死) in the river.” “Thank you, Beauty!” said Squire. “You saved us,” said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. It would take us longer time but we were safe. (Adapted from Black Beauty by Anna Sewell) 1．Why did the men and the horse leave the town so late? A．Because they drove slowly. B．Because they had fun in the town. C．Because Squire Gordon spent much time on his business. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The road. B．The bridge. C．The river. 3．What can we infer from (推断) the passage? A．Squire Gordon didn’t like the horse. B．The horse knew the bridge was dangerous. C．Squire Gordon’s business was very successful. 4．Which words can best describe the horse? A．Brave and clever. B．Lovely and beautiful. C．Friendly but lazy. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东枣庄市滕州市·期末） After 84 days, the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. “The bird has found fish,” he said aloud. No flying fish broke the surface of the sea and there was no bait (诱饵) fish in the water. But as the old man watched, a small tuna (金枪鱼) rose in the air, turned and dropped head first into the water. The tuna shone silver in the sun and after he had dropped back into the water, more tuna started jumping out of the water, swimming after the bait. They were circling it and driving it. “If they don’t travel too fast, I will get into them.” the old man thought, and he watched the tuna making the water white and the bird diving down to catch the bait fish that were forced to the surface in their fear. “The bird is a great help.” the old man said. Just then, the fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight under his foot. He dropped his oars (船桨) and felt the weight of the tuna, and began to pull it in. When he pulled, he could see the blue back of the fish in the water and its golden sides. Finally, he lifted the fish into the boat. The tuna lay in the boat in the sun. It was small and shaped like a bullet. Its big eyes stared when it hit against the floor of the boat with its tail. The old man hit it on the head to calm it down and then pushed it to the back of the boat. “It’ll make a beautiful bait. It'll weigh ten pounds,” the old man said aloud. Adapted from The Old Man and the Sea 1．Why did the old man say “The bird has found fish” aloud? A．He saw flying fish jumping out of the water. B．The bird’s circling showed fish nearby. C．Bait fish were on the surface of the sea. D．A shark attacked his boat suddenly. 2．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．The bird always follows the old man during his fishing trips. B．The size of the tuna made it very difficult to catch. C．The tuna was dead after being pulled into the boat. D．The old man was very good at catching a tuna. 3．How did the old man feel when he caught the tuna? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Annoyed. D．Tired. 主题03 人与社会--社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东泰安市肥城市·期末） Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济宁市任城区·期末） 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. 主题04 人与社会--志愿服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东泰安市岱岳区·期末） Bryan was driving home one evening when he noticed an elderly lady waving (挥手) by the roadside. Sensing (感受) she might need help, he pulled over (靠边停车). The lady was nervous and unwell. Bryan said, “My name is Bryan Anderson. How can I help you?” The lady asked, “Could you drive me to the hospital?” Bryan said yes and helped her get into his car. When they got there, she took out a hundred dollar bill (钞票) and handed it to Bryan. Bryan smiled and refused. He simply hoped she could give a helping hand to others. Then he left. On a cold afternoon, the elderly lady went to a coffee shop. She saw a pregnant (怀孕的) waitress cleaning a chair. She looked tired, but she still greeted the lady with a warm smile. The lady was touched by such kindness from a stranger. It made her think of Bryan’s selfless (无私的) act. The lady finished her coffee and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. When the waitress returned with the change, the lady had gone, leaving behind a note, “You don’t owe me anything. Somebody helped me, just like I’m helping you now. If you want to pay me back, keep spreading (传播) kindness.” The waitress also found four hundred dollars on the table. That night the pregnant woman came home earlier. She and her husband really needed the money because their baby would arrive soon. She was glad to tell him the good news, “Everything will be easy, Bryan.” Kindness indeed comes back to those who are kind and helpful. 1．Bryan took the elderly lady to ________. A．his home B．a supermarket C．the hospital D．a coffee shop 2．What did Bryan hope to do when the elderly lady offered to pay him? A．Just give me a hand. B．Just help someone in need. C．You shouldn’t ask me for help. D．Pay me back when you can. 3．Why did the elderly lady decide to help the pregnant woman? A．She wanted to spread (传播) kindness. B．She wanted someone to thank her. C．She wanted the woman to help her. D．She felt sorry for not paying Bryan. 4．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Health. B．Trouble. C．Kindness. D．Happiness. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东青岛市崂山区·期末） During my childhood, my mother did something special in the evenings. Sometimes she would make clothes for us, and other times, she made cakes. But one day, she surprised us all by her words. “I’m going to call one neighbor every night.” I was 16 then and couldn’t understand why she would spend her evenings talking to people she hardly knew. One evening, I heard her conversation with an elderly lady. She asked about the lady’s dinner and even discussed the flowers in the park. When she finished the talk on the phone, I questioned her what topic she talked, finding them trivial (琐碎). With a kind smile, she explained, “I might be the only person she talked to today. So even the simplest conversations can mean a lot to her.” It wasn’t until 30 years later that I realized the true meaning of my mother’s nightly calls. The elderly often feel lonely for different reasons. As people age, they may experience the loss of friends and family members. Health problems can make it harder for the elderly to join in social activities. Retirement can also take away everyday activities that were once provided by work. The lonely feeling can be very strong for the elderly. They might feel like they are being forgotten or no longer needed. Without social communication, they may experience sadness and depression. My mother’s conversations were more than just friendly talks—they were lifelines for lonely old people. Her calls make them know more about the world outside. Her resolution and social skills in communicating were more than I could understand, and I wish I could do better. 1．What unexpected action did the writer’s mother take? A．She made clothes for her family. B．She took lessons to learn how to make cakes. C．She planned to call a different neighbor every night. D．She wanted to spend more time talking to her family. 2．What did the writer say about her mother and the elderly lady’s conversation at first? A．It covered a lot of news. B．It was about nothing important. C．It was only about nature. D．It appeared to be interesting. 3．What does the underlined word “retirement” mean in Chinese? A．退休 B．社团 C．展览会 D．声誉 4．Why did the writer introduce the living conditions of the elderly in Paragraph 3? A．To describe their lonely lives. B．To show their health problems. C．To show the skills of social communication. D．To show the importance of her mother’s nightly calls. 5．What can we infer (推断) from the writer’s words at the end of the passage? A．He didn’t realize the importance of simple kindness. B．He felt sorry not to spend more time with his mother. C．He planned to continue doing what her mother did for the elderly. D．He realized the elderly need experts’ help more than conversations. 主题01 人与社会--名人故事 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东菏泽市定陶区·期末） Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid. After growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English. But when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her. “One thing that strikes me in reading and writing Chinese poetry is the power of the language— it’s melodious (悦耳的) and rhythmic,” said Podareva. Podareva has had many exciting experiences in China. But her most- loved memory is when she turned her poetry into a song titled If. “I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty,” Podareva said. Podareva wrote, “I have come to love this land, growing up with its brave people … I’d let China take my burning heart.” This poem shows her support for China. The poem caught the attention of Zhu Hai, a music lover in Zhejiang Province. He turned it into a song, and they finally met in Shanghai in March 2023 to record it together. Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry because the language flows like music. Her journey reflects a beautiful connection (连接) between her Russian roots (根) and her love for China. 1．When did Podareva begin to love poetry? A．When she was a child. B．When she was 29 years old. C．When she studied in China. D．When she met Zhu Hai in Shanghai. 2．Why did Podareva turn her poetry into the song If? A．She wanted to encourage people to love this land. B．She wanted to make her song more and more famous. C．She wanted to express her love for Chinese poetry and people. D．She wanted to encourage people to go through the difficult times. 3．What is the best way to express Chinese poetry according to Podareva? A．Travelling. B．Singing. C．Writing. D．Dancing. 4．What do we know about Podareva from the passage? A．She began to learn about Chinese poetry in 2013. B．She is a Russian singer who loved poetry at a young age. C．She taught Zhu Hai to write poems after they knew each other. D．She met Zhu Hai in Zhejiang Province and they became friends. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂市兰山区·期末） In March 2019, at the age of 21, Margo Hayes became the first woman to finish three of the world’s hardest climbs when she successfully reached the top of Papichulo in Spain. She had already climbed La Rambla, Spain and Biografie, France in 2017. She was only 19 when she became the first woman to climb La Rambla, which is one of the hardest rock faces in the world to climb. It seems that this young woman from Boulder, Colorado was certain to become a record-breaking climber. She comes from a family of climbers, so that helps! Her grandfather was the expedition (探险队) leader on a new way to the top of Mount Everest in 1983 and her father has climbed many of the rock walls of Yosemite Valley, California. But that’s not enough. Talent and training play an important part. Margo was a talented gymnast (体操运动员) and at the age of six, she was training for an Olympic gold medal. Unluckily, she had to give up gymnastics because of a serious accident, but by the age of ten, she had joined Team ABC, a well-known training group for young climbers in Texas. You won’t be surprised to hear that Margo is very serious about her sport. She always has new goals she wants to achieve. She organizes her training and climbs with the greatest precision. She believes that full planning before a climb is necessary for success. You can’t risk making mistakes when you’re high up on a rock face. Before she starts a climb, she chooses the best way and plans every move she’ll make on the rock face. She says it’s an amazing feeling to finish a climb that you have been imagining in your head for so long. She enjoys her climbs and loves the feel of the rock as well as the views of fantastic scenery. Reaching the top is an exciting experience. 1．Why did Margo Hayes stop doing gymnastics? A．She once got seriously hurt. B．She got tired and lost interest. C．She wanted to climb mountains. 2．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指代) in the second paragraph? A．Her grandfather’s expedition to Mount Everest and her father’s climbs in Yosemite Valley. B．Talent and training. C．Coming from a family of climbers. 3．Which is the correct time order of the following events? ①Margo Hayes joined ABC, a training group for young climbers. ②Margo Hayes finished three of the world’s hardest climbs. ③Margo Hayes became the first woman to climb La Rambla. ④Margo Hayes trained in gymnastics for the Olympic Games. A．③②④① B．④①②③ C．④①③② 4．What does the underlined word “precision” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Happiness. B．Kindness. C．Carefulness. 5．Which is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Margo Hayes: A Great Climber B．La Rambla: The Hardest Climb C．The Hayes: A Climbing Family Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市槐荫区·期末） Jane Austen is a famous British writer who lived from 1775 to 1817. This year marks the 250th year of her birth, and people all over the world are celebrating her life and work. Her stories about people in different situations are still very interesting to read today. Austen was born in England and loved reading and writing when she was very young. She wrote six novels, and two of them were published after she died. Her books talk about important things like gender (性别) , power, education, and marriage through a woman’s eyes. For example, in Pride and Prejudice (《傲慢与偏见》) , Elizabeth and her four sisters have to deal with what people think about love and marriage. In Emma (《艾玛》) , a young woman tries to help her friends find love, but sometimes her plans don’t work out. Some people thought Austen only wrote love stories. But now, many people see her as a social commentator (社会评论家) because she wrote about the problems of her time. The Teen Magazine said she wrote about people’s problems, their families, and whether women should get married. These are still important topics today. Back in Austen’s time, women didn’t have many rights. For many, marrying a rich or powerful man was the only way to have a safe future. But Austen’s leading heroines (女主角) were different. They spoke up for themselves and wanted independence. A Swedish student said, “Her women characters (人物) are strong and honest about their feelings.” Because her stories talk about problems and ideas that never get out of style, Austen’s novels are still loved all over the world. And they have been made into lots of movies and TV shows. 1．What can we know about Jane Austen? A．She’s still popular now. B．She mainly wrote stories about power. C．She’s been dead for 250 years. D．She believed women should marry rich men. 2．What does the underlined word “published” mean in paragraph 2? A．Written. B．Read. C．Discussed. D．Printed and sold. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 4? A．Austen disliked her families. B．People see Austen as a social commentator. C．Austen is a writer of love stories. D．Austen’s novels are difficult to understand. 4．What roles do Austen’s leading heroines play according to the text? A．Followers of risks. B．Wishers for a safe future. C．Speakers of independence. D．Beauties from rich families. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Jane Austen’s Life. B．A Timeless Social Commentator. C．Austen’s women characters. D．Problems of Jane Austen’s Time. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东威海市经济技术开发区·期末） Imagine being 340 years old and still able to influence people today. Believe it or not that is an apt description of the famous composer (作曲家) Johann Sebastian Bach. Born in Germany, on March 21, 1685, to Johann Ambrosius Bach, the town musician, and his wife, Elisabetha, JS Bach was the youngest of eight children. At that time in Germany, the surname Bach was synonymous (同义词) with “musician” because many of Bach’s ancestors had worked as organists (管风琴手), singers and music directors. The youngster learned first from his father and then from his oldest brother, himself an organist, following the death of both parents when he was just 10. It was this brother that gave the young Bach his first formal keyboard - organ and harpsichord (羽管键琴) - lessons. In 1703, at age 18, he has his first job as a violinist at the court of Duke Johann Ernst. Then, in 1708, he became the organist at the court of Duke Wilhelm Ernst. In 1717, he accepted a position with Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cothen. In 1723, he took a position in Leipzig, where he was the organist until his death in 1750. Many still revere (敬仰) Bach today because of his incredible musical talent and lasting influence on Western music. His work laid the foundation (基础) for later composers, and his pieces are still widely studied and performed for their technical brilliance and depth of expression. 1．What can we know about Bach from the passage? A．Where he studied. B．How many works he created C．Why he is still famous. 2．What’s the underlined word “surname” in Para 2 mean? A．Last name. B．Middle name. C．First name. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．Which of the following best describes Bach’s influence on music? A．He invented new musical instruments, like violins and organs. B．His works are still studied and performed today. C．He taught many famous composers personally. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The history of music in Germany during Bach’s time. B．Bach’s family life and work experience. C．Bach’s musical career and lasting influence. 主题02 人与自我--哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东日照市岚山区·期末） Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences. He always told me, “You should have goals like climbing the mountain.” Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed, we couldn’t have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy. I really got a lot from the mountain-climbing. It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my perseverance (毅力). Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the birds’ singing. But as time passed, I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to quit climbing. In fact, I hated it at that moment, but my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can’t see it before you reach the top. Only there you can see all of the nice things, just like your life.” At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later after that, I got new hope and confidence (自信). I found myself standing at the top of the mountain, and the sky was as clear as crystal (水晶). 1．What does the word “quit” in the passage mean? A．carry on B．give up C．put off D．pick up 2．Which of the following is the closest in the meaning of the father’s words in Paragraph 2? A．You will get all that you need at the top of the mountain. B．Never give up halfway. C．The most beautiful scenery is always at the top of the mountain. D．You can find life is full of nice things. 3．Which can be inferred according to the last paragraph? A．The writer was very successful in his life. B．The writer reached the top of the mountain. C．Though the writer was young, he could understand his father. D．The writer used to stop halfway when he climbed the mountain. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to get to the top of the mountain B．Standing at the top of the mountain C．Never give up before the success D．Conversations between father and son Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东东营市垦利区·期末） Bob likes climbing very much. However, there wasn’t one climbing club in his school at first, so he felt sad. At the beginning of the second year of middle school, his school offered rock climbing lessons in order to encourage students to exercise. He was so happy that he joined at once. In the first lesson, the coach said, “Rock climbing needs strength, speed, courage and persistence. All these are necessary.” But in Bob’s opinion, rock climbing was just a fun activity. It interested him. During the following classes, the coach asked the students to run 1,000 meters first, and then climb with a rope. When Bob finished running, he almost lost his breath and got bored. And he even did not want to touch the rope. He thought it was less interesting than before. The coach noticed that and asked him, “Why do you want to take rock climbing lessons?” “I come for fun, of course.” “Is that fun?” he asked. Bob shook his head slowly. The coach then explained patiently, “That’s because you stop halfway. You know, beautiful sights are always on the top.” After hearing his words, Bob made up his mind to finish his journey. When he got to the top in the end, he felt really excited. Sometimes it’s hard to reach the top of the mountain, but it’s a pity to stop halfway, so don’t give up. 1．Why did the school offer rock climbing lessons? A．To develop students’ hobbies. B．To encourage students to exercise. C．To offer students more clubs. D．To let students enjoy activities. 2．What does the underlined word “persistence” mean? A．Being kind. B．Having interests. C．Holding on to. D．Being creative. 3．What did the coach ask the students to do during the classes? ① Climb rocks        ② Run 1,000 meters         ③ Climb with a rope        ④ Tie a rope A．①②. B．①③. C．②④. D．②③. 4．How did Bob’s feelings change? A．Sad → happy → bored → excited. B．Excited → sad → bored → happy. C．Happy → sad→ excited → bored. D．Sad → bored → happy → excited. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Learn to accept advice. B．Take up a hobby. C．Don’t give up halfway. D．Never stay the same. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市天桥区·期末） There was once a wise old man named Derek. One day his young nephew (侄子) Gary came to visit him. Gary was sad about his little progress in learning the guitar. He tried hard, but he just couldn’t improve. Gary asked his uncle for some advice. “Follow me,” said Derek, leading Gary up to the high hills around the village. As they got higher, Derek said that he needed to go to the top of the highest hill where he had never been to. Gary couldn’t believe his ears but decided to help his uncle. With much difficulty, Gary helped his uncle climb the hill. Sometimes he even carried the old man on his back. At the top, sweating (流汗), he put his uncle back on the ground and laughed with joy. “When you were a little boy, sometimes you returned home with tears in your eyes,” said Derek. “The other children laughed at you. Do you remember why? ” Gary looked around and nodded. He remembered that as a child he often played on the hills with other children. They called this hill “Mount Impossible”, because small children couldn’t reach its top. “At that time I was unable to get there,” said Gary. “The bigger kids had no problem.” “And today,” said Derek, “you not only climbed here, but also pulled me up.” “I’ve become bigger and stronger.” “Instead of climbing Mount Impossible every day, you played on the smaller hills and became better at climbing. You got stronger,” said Derek. “Mount Impossible became possible for you to climb while you weren’t even thinking about it. So just work towards things one step at a time.” 1．Why was Gary sad when he visited his uncle Derek? A．He lost his favorite guitar by accident. B．He was laughed at by his best friends. C．He has little progress in learning math. D．He was unhappy about his guitar learning. 2．How does Gray feel when Derek decided to go to the top of the highest hill? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Interested. D．Worried. 3．What did Gary do to help Derek during the climb? A．Hold his hand all the time. B．Find an easier road for him. C．Carry him on his back sometimes. D．Encourage him with beautiful songs. 4．Why did children call the hill “Mount Impossible”? A．Because it was hard to get to its top. B．Because there were wild animals on it. C．Because it was too far from the village. D．Because it was covered with thick forests. 5．What lesson did Derek want Gary to learn? A．Only practice what you are already good at. B．Try to keep away from difficult challenges. C．Ask for help whenever facing a big challenge. D．Achieve your life goals by working step by step. 主题03 人与社会--艺术 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历下区·期末） 2025 is Wang Hanlin’s 11th year working with older people. Now, he works as a music therapist (治疗师) at an older people’s home in Beijing. Wang Hanlin chose “music therapy” at the university. During his second year at university, he learned about using music therapy for older people in a class. The first time he visited an older people’s home, he knew it was the right job for him. “I felt so comfortable being with older people. This feeling was something I never experienced when working with children or other groups of people.” he said. After that, he continued learning how to help older people using music. He decided to work with older people after finishing his studies. Working as a music therapist in an older people’s home is very different from working in a hospital. Here, music therapists are not just helpers for health but also like social workers. Every week, Wang Hanlin teaches a “relaxation class” to help older people improve their health. After each session, many of them go into a relaxed condition, with some even falling asleep. They also do fun things like playing music together, forming music groups, and helping them sing and play instruments (乐器) . Wang Hanlin also leads group music meetings, using songwriting to help older people who have memory problems. When he learned that some people were experiencing unhappiness, he encouraged them to write their uncomfortable feelings into a song, helping them let out and express their feelings. For many older people, the care provided by a music therapist holds an important and special meaning. Wang Hanlin believes choosing music therapy means you truly want to help others. Without really loving this work, you might not do it well and you would also miss the joy it brings. “Being with older people aged 60 and above, spending time with them in their later years, and making close relations push you to go forward,” he said. “This kind of treasure is more important than money.” 1．Why did Wang Hanlin decide to work with older people? A．It’s easier than working with children. B．He felt special comfort with them. C．His university only trained him for older care. D．It can improve his music skills. 2．What does the underlined word “session” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．A test about music. B．Some time for an activity. C．A kind of musical tool. D．A group of older people. 3．How does Wang Hanlin help older people with memory problems? A．By playing special music for them. B．By helping them sing loudly. C．By encouraging them to write songs. D．By providing relaxing rooms. 4．What does Wang Hanlin think of his job? A．He considers it as a way to become famous. B．He treasures the personal growth of the job. C．He finds it challenging to complete the job. D．He sees it as a chance to get more about music. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why music therapy is important for us. B．To compare music therapy used in different places. C．To show the challenges of working with older people. D．To introduce how music therapy helps older people. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历下区·期末） Dean recently fell in love with antiques (古董). Maybe it’s because of all kinds of TV antique shows, or maybe it’s because someone sold an ancient vase (花瓶) for 100,000 dollars. No matter what, Dean became crazy about the idea of becoming a real collector. So, starting one Saturday, he decided to visit a small town along Highway 117. He stopped whenever he saw a sign that said ANTIQUES. Dean was excited as he searched for the treasure he felt he was sure to find. There were so many old objects—European artworks, Chinese paintings, teapots and even some Indian vases. He didn’t know which to pick. As a new collector, he was interested in all of them. Finally, he bought an Indian vase, a Chinese tea set, a European painting and some Canadian coins. As soon as he got them, he couldn’t wait to invite his friends to share the joy of his collection. Among his friends, one had been collecting antiques for years. When he looked at Dean’s treasures, he laughed and told Dean that five out of six of his objects were new. They were not antiques! He then said that a collector must have knowledge (知识) of history, art, and much more. It’s the right knowledge and a pair of bright eyes that make one an antique collector. Moreover, each piece has a story behind it. It’s never like the experience of shopping at a mall. Dean was a bit upset when he heard the words. He made up his mind to learn more and continue his journey. He still hopes to find an amazing piece one day. 1．Which might encourage Dean’s interest in antiques according to the text? A．His trip to Europe. B．Books about antiques. C．His friend’s advice. D．A high-priced vase sale. 2．Where did Dean look for antiques? A．In a big market. B．In a small town. C．On the Internet. D．At a shopping mall. 3．How did Dean feel about the objects he bought at first? A．Upset. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 4．What did Dean’s friend do after seeing the treasures? A．Ho explained most were not real. B．He recommended an antique shop. C．He offered to buy some of them. D．He compared the amazing objects. 5．What can we learn from the text? A．Only experts can find the real treasures. B．Collecting antiques helps one become rich. C．Success needs knowledge and practice. D．Friends are always helpful in new hobbies. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我--个人经历 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B Passage 3 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 。 Passage 4 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 主题02 人与社会--文学名著 Passage 1 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A Passage 4 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 主题03 人与社会--社会发展 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 主题04 人与社会--志愿服务 Passage 1 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 主题01 人与社会--名人故事 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A Passage 3 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B Passage 4 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 主题02 人与自我--哲理感悟 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 3 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 主题03 人与社会--艺术 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我--个人经历 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东济宁市任城区·期末） The fog (雾) was thick. As we walked deep into the forest, it was difficult to know where we were going and when we would get out. We were scared, but we had to keep moving. The forest just seemed to never end. We were lost in the middle of the dark black forest with nothing to drink or eat. I felt it hard to breathe (呼吸). My legs got so weak that I fell down and fainted. When I woke up, Emily was hitting my face. Both Emily and Mike looked really worried. They helped me sit up against a tree. None of us said a word. Then, we heard tigers roaring (吼叫) far away. I couldn’t tell who was more scared. The looks on my friends’ faces made me feel very scared. Which way was the right one? We sat there for two more minutes and then decided to keep going. Suddenly, a tiger appeared in front of us. It gave us a quick look and ran away. We were so scared that we didn’t stop walking. To our excitement, there was an old house in the opposite direction. When we reached the house, smoke was rising from the chimney (烟囱). There must be someone in the house. We knocked, but no one answered. We knocked again, and then we heard someone walking towards the door. A kind young woman opened the door and let us in. How lucky we were! 1．What happened to the three friends? A．They didn’t know how to get to the forest. B．They couldn’t find the way out of the forest. C．They couldn’t decide when to get out of the forest. D．They forgot to take something to eat with them. 2．The underlined word “fainted” means “________” in Chinese. A．昏厥 B．放弃 C．生病 D．绝望 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The writer went to the forest on a sunny day. B．There were three young children in the old house. C．The three friends were excited about the old house. D．The tiger looked at the three friends for over two minutes. 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．A wonderful journey to the forest. B．A terrible experience in the forest. C．How to ask for directions in the forest. D．How to keep tigers away in the forest. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了三个朋友在浓雾森林中迷路，经历虚弱、恐惧并遭遇老虎后，最终幸运地找到避难所的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The fog (雾) was thick. As we walked deep into the forest, it was difficult to know where we were going and when we would get out.”可知，浓雾中他们难以辨别方向，无法找到出路。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“My legs got so weak that I fell down and fainted.”可知，主人公因虚弱而倒下，结合后文“When I woke up”可推断fainted意为“昏厥”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“To our excitement, there was an old house…”可知，三人看到老房子时感到兴奋。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要讲述了三个朋友在浓雾的森林里迷路，面临饥饿、恐惧，甚至遇到老虎，最后找到一座老房子获救的可怕经历。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历城区·期末） Sleeping. Eating. Sleeping. Eating again. Life in a pigpen (猪圈) is boring. Nothing ever changes. Sometimes, I can’t help thinking: What do I live for? “Pigs produce pork. Just eat as much as you can!” my roommates told me. “It is sad, but you can’t change it, can you?” But last month, I heard the pigpen owner talking on the phone about something unusual. Some American doctors saved a very sick man by replacing his heart with a pig’s. This had never successfully been done before. My owner sounded excited. I know why. His elderly uncle had been in the hospital for weeks because of a serious heart problem. A heart transplant (移植), the doctors said, was perhaps the best choice for him. However, ___________. Most heart patients have to wait years before they are able to receive a transplant. Some of them die during this long and painful process. The successful operation (手术) in America means that in the future, people can depend on us pigs for healthy hearts. We are easy to raise, and we grow quickly. Sadly, I am just an ordinary pig. I’m not able to save my owner’s uncle. But some of my kids will probably be growing up in a special lab. They will be living as lifesavers, instead of pork providers. Perhaps my owner was talking to scientists about cooperation (合作) that day. Perhaps life in the pigpen will finally be a bit different. 1．Why was the owner so excited? A．Because he can cooperate with hospitals. B．Because he can get a good price for his pigs. C．Because one of his pigs can tell a true story. D．Because the new heart transplant may save his uncle. 2．Which of the following statements can be the best to put into ________. A．I can’t believe it at first B．that is really a great invention C．this is easier said than done D．the operation needs a lot of money 3．What is the purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To list the best ways to the problem. B．To share the writer’s fears with readers. C．To show readers how to run the operation. D．To tell readers the importance of the invention. 4．Who is probably able to save my owner’s uncle? A．I myself. B．My children. C．My owner. D．My roommates. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Pigs can produce nice pork. B．Pigs have something new to offer. C．The owner’s uncle has a heart problem. D．The mother pig hopes to meet bright future. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲了猪圈里的一头猪发现主人因美国医生成功用猪心移植救人而兴奋，意识到未来猪可能成为人类心脏移植的来源，从而改变猪的命运。 1．细节理解题。根据“My owner sounded excited. I know why. His elderly uncle had been in the hospital for weeks because of a serious heart problem. A heart transplant (移植), the doctors said, was perhaps the best choice for him.”可知，猪的主人之所以兴奋，是因为他的叔叔患有严重的心脏病，而新的心脏移植技术可能拯救他叔叔的生命。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“the doctors said, was perhaps the best choice for him…Most heart patients have to wait years before they are able to receive a transplant. Some of them die during this long and painful process. ”可知，心脏移植是叔叔的最佳选择，但大多数心脏病人需要等待多年才能获得移植，有些甚至在此期间去世。因此心脏移植说起来容易但做起来难。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。本段通过对比传统心脏移植的困难（等待时间长、患者死亡风险）和猪心脏移植的优势（易饲养、生长快），说明了猪心移植这项发明的重要性。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But some of my kids will probably be growing up in a special lab. They will be living as lifesavers, instead of pork providers.”可知，叙述者（猪）的孩子未来可能成为“救生员”（即提供移植心脏），而非肉猪。因此，能够救叔叔的可能是猪的孩子们。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。全文以猪的视角展开，先描述传统猪圈的枯燥生活，再通过“猪心脏移植”新闻引出猪的新价值——为人类提供移植器官，最后展望未来。因此，文章核心是“猪能提供新的贡献”。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历城区·期末） One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realised that although I didn’t make the pie successfully, I really enjoyed the process (过程). The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. But in this busy world, we see a lot of successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. Don’t always compare yourself with others. First of all, we are all different. And success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. Ride your own ride. Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop. Reward (奖励) yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way. For example, if you are in the process of losing weight, enjoy your favourite cake once in a while. 1．How does the writer start the article? A．By giving an example. B．By comparing facts. C．By using old sayings. D．By listing numbers. 2．What does the underlined word “which” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Real success. B．Happiness. C．Competition. D．New experiences. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The writer will never make a pie again. B．The writer’s mum didn’t like the pie at all. C．A small step with a reward can help you keep going. D．Impatience and comparing always leads to success. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Enjoy the process. B．What does success mean to us? C．Never give up. D．How can we achieve good results? 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了为妈妈做苹果派的经历，阐述过程的重要性，还给出在忙碌世界中享受过程的方法，强调要重视过程、享受过程，理解成功的真正意义 。 【详解】10．推理判断题。根据“I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by.”可知，讲述了作者为妈妈做苹果派的经历，通过这个具体的事例引出下文关于过程的讨论。故选A。 1．词句猜测题。根据“That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others.”可知，此处“which”指代的是前文提到的“new experiences”，即新的经历可能帮助我们提升技能或与他人建立良好关系。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way.”可知，将过程分成小步骤，完成每个步骤后给自己奖励，小的进步加上奖励能帮助你坚持下去。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段用“做苹果派”的事例引出过程很重要的话题；第二段阐述过程重要的原因；第三段提出忙碌世界中如何享受过程的问题；第四、五、六段分别从不同方面给出享受过程的方法，即①②③为上层引出内容，④⑤⑥为方法，图C与之相符。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章围绕“过程的重要性” 展开，重点讲述了如何享受过程。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东德州市德城区·期末） I had a dream last night. In the dream my brother Jimmy sang happily with his friends. However, this would never be true in real life. My eight-year-old brother is an autistic (患自闭症的) child. He doesn’t know how to talk with others. He can’t do many things by himself. No one would like to make friends with him at school. To care for him, my mother left her job and now stays at home. She takes Jimmy to the doctors to get treatment (治疗) every Friday. But it doesn’t work well. Jimmy still doesn’t know what to do at school. He always forgets to bring his things home and even loses his books. As Jimmy’s sister, I am really worried about him. I heard that some students often laughed at him. Some boys even took away others’ pencils and put them in Jimmy’s schoolbag. Then they told the teacher Jimmy did that. Every time I hear about these things, I feel really sad. Jimmy is always smiling although life is difficult for him. I love my brother. I hope things can get better soon and that the autistic children like Jimmy can grow up happily. 1．The writer might feel ________ when she woke up from the dream. A．afraid B．excited C．sorry D．happy 2．What can we learn about Jimmy? A．He can sing well. B．He became ill at 8. C．He has a lot of dreams. D．He has few friends at school. 3．The underlined words “care for” probably mean? A．look after B．agree with C．keep clear of D．communicate with 4．The boys in Jimmy’s school ________. A．often lost things B．didn’t listen to the teacher C．were not friendly to Jimmy D．took away Jimmy’s schoolbag 5．The writer wants to tell us to ________. A．love our family and friends B．show love to autistic children C．keep smiling when life is difficult D．help autistic children get treatment 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的弟弟是一位自闭症患者，他自己无法做很多事情，在学校也经常被其他同学嘲笑和欺负，作者非常担心他。虽然生活对他来说很艰难，但弟弟总是微笑着面对生活。 1．推理判断题。根据“In the dream my brother Jimmy sang happily with his friends. However, this would never be true in real life.”可知，梦境与现实截然相反，故推测作者的感受应是难过的、遗憾的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“No one would like to make friends with him at school.”可知，吉米在学校几乎没有朋友。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“my mother left her job and now stays at home.”可知，我母亲辞去了工作，现在待在家里，是为了照顾他。所以划线单词意思是“照顾”，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Some boys even took away others’ pencils and put them in Jimmy’s schoolbag. Then they told the teacher Jimmy did that.”可知，男孩们污蔑他拿其他人的铅笔，所以可以推断出男孩们对他并不友好。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I hope things can get better soon and that the autistic children like Jimmy can grow up happily.”可推测，作者希望人们能给予自闭症孩子关爱，让他们也能快乐成长。故选B。 主题02 人与社会--文学名著 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东潍坊市高新区·期末） On 20th June 1702, I set off for Surat, on a ship called the Adventure. The first part of our trip went well. But later there were some terrible storms. The winds were so strong that they sent our ship off course. We didn’t know where we were. At last, when the storms stopped, we saw an island. We had no more drinking water, so the captain sent me to find some fresh water on the island. I set off with some other men in a small boat. And when we got there, I travelled around the island by myself while the men looked for water. That was a big mistake. When I went back, there were no men and no boat! Then I saw them rowing back to our ship with a giant (巨人) following them in the sea! They were very afraid. I ran as fast as I could. I then climbed up a big hill and when I looked around, I saw fields. Then I saw other giants working in the fields. “On my last trip, I was a giant on an island of tiny (小的) people and now I am a tiny person on an island of giants!” It was not a nice feeling. I was so sad and hid behind a big tree. I had to think of a plan, but at that time one of the giants saw me. 1．The underlined words “off course” in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________. A．moving faster B．breaking down C．going the wrong way D．stopping suddenly 2．Why did the captain send Gulliver to the island? A．To look for a giant. B．To find some fresh water. C．To travel around the island. D．To fight against the giants. 3．Gulliver said “That was a big mistake.”, because ________. A．he found no water on the island B．he got lost while looking for water C．he saw a giant rowing back to the ship D．he travelled around the island by himself 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Gulliver’s first trip in his life. B．Gulliver’s happy life on an island of giants. C．Gulliver’s first trip on an island of tiny people. D．Gulliver’s dangerous experiences on an island of giants. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述格列佛在航海途中遭遇风暴，漂流到巨人岛的危险经历。 1．词句猜测题。根据“The winds were so strong that they sent our ship off course. We didn’t know where we were.”可知，大风让船偏离了原本路线，导致船员不知身处何地，“off course”意思是“going the wrong way”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“We had no more drinking water, so the captain sent me to find some fresh water on the island.”可知，船长派格列佛去岛上是为找淡水。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“And when we got there, I travelled around the island by myself while the men looked for water.”及“That was a big mistake. When I went back, there were no men and no boat!”可知，格列佛独自在岛上闲逛，回去时同伴和船都没了，所以说“That was a big mistake”是因为他独自环岛。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕格列佛因风暴来到巨人岛的危险遭遇展开。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东日照市岚山区·期末） After 84 days, the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. “The bird has found fish,” he said aloud. No flying fish broke the surface of the sea and there was no scattering (散落) of bait (诱饵) fish in the water. But as the old man watched, a small tuna (金枪鱼) rose in the air, turned and dropped head first into the water. The tuna shone silver in the sun and after he had dropped back into the water, more tuna started jumping out of the water in all directions, chasing after the bait. They were circling it and driving it. “If they don’t travel too fast, I will get into them.” the old man thought, and he watched the tuna making the water white and the bird diving down to catch the bait fish that were forced to the surface in their fear. “The bird is a great help,” the old man said. Just then, the fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight under his foot. He dropped his oars (船桨) and felt the weight of the tuna, and began to pull it in. When he pulled, he could see the blue back of the fish in the water and its golden sides. Finally, he lifted the fish into the boat. The tuna lay in the boat in the sun. He was small and shaped like a bullet. His big eyes stared when he hit against the floor of the boat with his tail. The old man hit him on the head to calm him down and then pushed him to the back of the boat. “He’ll make a beautiful bait. He’ll weigh ten pounds,” the old man said aloud. —Adapted from The Old Man and the Sea 1．Why did the old man say “The bird has found fish” aloud? A．He saw flying fish jumping out of the water. B．The bird’s circling showed fish nearby. C．Bait fish were scattering on the surface. D．A shark attacked his boat suddenly. 2．How did the old man know that there was a fish on his fishing line? A．The bait fish were forced to the surface of the sea. B．The circling bird flew back and told him. C．The fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight. D．He felt the weight of the fish on his hand directly. 3．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．The bird always follows the old man during his fishing trips. B．The size of the tuna made it extremely difficult to catch. C．The tuna still struggled after being pulled into the boat. D．The old man was experienced in handling the caught tuna. 4．How did the old man feel when he caught the tuna? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Annoyed. D．Tired. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文选自《老人与海》，讲述了一位老人捕获金枪鱼的经历。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据“After 84 days, the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. ”“‘The bird has found fish.’ he said aloud. No flying fish broke the surface of the sea and there was no scattering (散落) of bait (诱饵) fish in the water. But as the old man watched, a small tuna (金枪鱼) rose in the air, turned and dropped head first into the water. ”可知，老人看到鸟在盘旋，根据经验判断附近有鱼。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“Just then, the fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight under his foot. He dropped his oars (船桨) and felt the weight of the tuna, and began to pull it in.”可知，老人是感觉到船后的钓鱼线变紧了，才知道有鱼上钩了。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“His big eyes stared when he hit against the floor of the boat with his tail.”以及“ The old man hit him on the head to calm him down and then pushed him to the back of the boat.”可推断老人在处理捕获的金枪鱼方面很有经验。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“He’ll make a beautiful bait. He’ll weigh ten pounds”以及他对金枪鱼的评价的话语中可以推断出他对捕获这条金枪鱼是满意的。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂市罗庄区·期末） My name is Black Beauty. I’m a good horse who doesn’t kick or bite people. One day, my owners Squire Gordon and John drove me to go on a long journey. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily. We arrived in the town early, but Squire’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack, and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still (静止). I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. “We must go back,” said John, “and drive six miles to a wooden bridge.” When we got there it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but Squire did not notice and didn’t stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge, I knew something was wrong. I stopped. “Go on, Beauty!” said Squire. John got out and tried to lead me forward. But I refused to go. Just then a man saw us. “Stop!” he cried. “The bridge is broken in the middle. If you go on to it, you are all going to drown (淹死) in the river.” “Thank you, Beauty!” said Squire. “You saved us,” said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. It would take us longer time but we were safe. (Adapted from Black Beauty by Anna Sewell) 1．Why did the men and the horse leave the town so late? A．Because they drove slowly. B．Because they had fun in the town. C．Because Squire Gordon spent much time on his business. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The road. B．The bridge. C．The river. 3．What can we infer from (推断) the passage? A．Squire Gordon didn’t like the horse. B．The horse knew the bridge was dangerous. C．Squire Gordon’s business was very successful. 4．Which words can best describe the horse? A．Brave and clever. B．Lovely and beautiful. C．Friendly but lazy. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了黑骏马与主人戈登老爷和约翰在一次长途旅行中的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“We arrived in the town early, but Squire’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon.”可知，是因为乡绅戈登在生意上花了很多时间，所以离开得晚。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The bridge is broken in the middle. If you go on to it, you are all going to drown (淹死) in the river.”可知，桥的中间断了，如果继续下去，都会淹死在河里的，“it”指代“桥”。故选B。 3． 推理判断题。根据“As soon as my feet touched the bridge, I knew something was wrong. I stopped.”可知，马知道桥很危险。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“I’m a good horse who doesn’t kick or bite people.”以及马发现桥有危险并停下，救了大家可知，马勇敢又聪明。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东枣庄市滕州市·期末） After 84 days, the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. “The bird has found fish,” he said aloud. No flying fish broke the surface of the sea and there was no bait (诱饵) fish in the water. But as the old man watched, a small tuna (金枪鱼) rose in the air, turned and dropped head first into the water. The tuna shone silver in the sun and after he had dropped back into the water, more tuna started jumping out of the water, swimming after the bait. They were circling it and driving it. “If they don’t travel too fast, I will get into them.” the old man thought, and he watched the tuna making the water white and the bird diving down to catch the bait fish that were forced to the surface in their fear. “The bird is a great help.” the old man said. Just then, the fishing line at the back of the boat grew tight under his foot. He dropped his oars (船桨) and felt the weight of the tuna, and began to pull it in. When he pulled, he could see the blue back of the fish in the water and its golden sides. Finally, he lifted the fish into the boat. The tuna lay in the boat in the sun. It was small and shaped like a bullet. Its big eyes stared when it hit against the floor of the boat with its tail. The old man hit it on the head to calm it down and then pushed it to the back of the boat. “It’ll make a beautiful bait. It'll weigh ten pounds,” the old man said aloud. Adapted from The Old Man and the Sea 1．Why did the old man say “The bird has found fish” aloud? A．He saw flying fish jumping out of the water. B．The bird’s circling showed fish nearby. C．Bait fish were on the surface of the sea. D．A shark attacked his boat suddenly. 2．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．The bird always follows the old man during his fishing trips. B．The size of the tuna made it very difficult to catch. C．The tuna was dead after being pulled into the boat. D．The old man was very good at catching a tuna. 3．How did the old man feel when he caught the tuna? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Annoyed. D．Tired. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文节选自《老人与海》，讲述了老人在海上捕鱼时，通过观察鸟类的盘旋发现鱼群，随后成功捕获一条金枪鱼，并打算用它作为诱饵的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“the old man looked up and saw the bird was circling again now. ‘The bird has found fish,’ he said aloud”可知，老人看到鸟在盘旋，由此判断附近有鱼，所以说出这句话。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，老人从发现鱼线绷紧，到放下船桨、拉鱼上船，再到击打鱼头使其平静的一系列熟练动作，可以推断老人很擅长捕金枪鱼。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘It’ll make a beautiful bait. It’ll weigh ten pounds,’ the old man said aloud.”可知，老人称这条金枪鱼“将成为很好的诱饵”，并估计它有十磅重，可见老人对这次收获感到满意。故选A。 主题03 人与社会--社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东泰安市肥城市·期末） Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了怀特先生对当下生活变化的感慨与看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days”可知，怀特先生认为过去的生活比现在好，即现在的生活比过去差。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal.”可知，人们在餐厅吃饭时不面对面交谈是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，而不是对老师生气，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生的孙子又考试不及格，他非常生气，由此可推测出他很担心他的孙子。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济宁市任城区·期末） 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过四位不同年龄段的人讲述自己生活中的变化，展现中国改革开放47年来人们生活的巨大改变。 【详解】39．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhenhe, 57, Beijing I bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores.”可知，徐振和在北京市的一家特殊商店买了他的第一台相机。故选D。 1．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhaolin, 25, Beijing … Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary.”可知，手机相机降低了对昂贵相机的需求。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Huang Kunrong, 72, Sichuan When I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on.”可知，黄坤荣小时候人们需要用粮票买日常食物。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Xiao Yao, 14, Sichuan Compared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day.”可知，肖瑶认为现在生活更好是因为每天能享用不同种类的食物。故选A。 主题04 人与社会--志愿服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东泰安市岱岳区·期末） Bryan was driving home one evening when he noticed an elderly lady waving (挥手) by the roadside. Sensing (感受) she might need help, he pulled over (靠边停车). The lady was nervous and unwell. Bryan said, “My name is Bryan Anderson. How can I help you?” The lady asked, “Could you drive me to the hospital?” Bryan said yes and helped her get into his car. When they got there, she took out a hundred dollar bill (钞票) and handed it to Bryan. Bryan smiled and refused. He simply hoped she could give a helping hand to others. Then he left. On a cold afternoon, the elderly lady went to a coffee shop. She saw a pregnant (怀孕的) waitress cleaning a chair. She looked tired, but she still greeted the lady with a warm smile. The lady was touched by such kindness from a stranger. It made her think of Bryan’s selfless (无私的) act. The lady finished her coffee and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. When the waitress returned with the change, the lady had gone, leaving behind a note, “You don’t owe me anything. Somebody helped me, just like I’m helping you now. If you want to pay me back, keep spreading (传播) kindness.” The waitress also found four hundred dollars on the table. That night the pregnant woman came home earlier. She and her husband really needed the money because their baby would arrive soon. She was glad to tell him the good news, “Everything will be easy, Bryan.” Kindness indeed comes back to those who are kind and helpful. 1．Bryan took the elderly lady to ________. A．his home B．a supermarket C．the hospital D．a coffee shop 2．What did Bryan hope to do when the elderly lady offered to pay him? A．Just give me a hand. B．Just help someone in need. C．You shouldn’t ask me for help. D．Pay me back when you can. 3．Why did the elderly lady decide to help the pregnant woman? A．She wanted to spread (传播) kindness. B．She wanted someone to thank her. C．She wanted the woman to help her. D．She felt sorry for not paying Bryan. 4．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Health. B．Trouble. C．Kindness. D．Happiness. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了布莱恩帮助了一位路边老妇人，并希望老妇人能将这份善意传播下去，老夫人受感动后匿名资助咖啡店怀孕女服务员，女服务员又因此受益，体现了善行终会回报善良之人的主题。 1．细节理解题。根据老妇人所述“Could you drive me to the hospital”可知，布莱恩将她送去了医院。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“she took out a hundred dollar bill and handed it to Bryan. Bryan smiled and refused. He simply hoped she could give a helping hand to others.”可知，老妇人要给布莱恩钱作为感谢时，他拒绝了，他希望她能接着去帮助需要帮助的人。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二、三段“She saw a pregnant waitress…It made her think of Bryan’s selfless act…If you want to pay me back, keep spreading kindness.”可知，老妇人看到怀孕的咖啡店服务员正在擦桌子，虽略显疲惫但仍旧跟她打招呼，老妇人被这举动感动，临走时匿名资助了怀孕女服务员并希望她能将这份善良传递下去，则老妇人帮助怀孕的服务员是因为她想传播善良。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一句“Kindness indeed comes back to those who are kind and helpful.”可知，本文主要讲述了布莱恩帮助了一位路边老妇人，并希望老妇人能将这份善意传播下去，老夫人受感动后匿名资助咖啡店怀孕女服务员，女服务员又因此受益，体现了善行终会回报善良之人的主题，选项C“善良”符合。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东青岛市崂山区·期末） During my childhood, my mother did something special in the evenings. Sometimes she would make clothes for us, and other times, she made cakes. But one day, she surprised us all by her words. “I’m going to call one neighbor every night.” I was 16 then and couldn’t understand why she would spend her evenings talking to people she hardly knew. One evening, I heard her conversation with an elderly lady. She asked about the lady’s dinner and even discussed the flowers in the park. When she finished the talk on the phone, I questioned her what topic she talked, finding them trivial (琐碎). With a kind smile, she explained, “I might be the only person she talked to today. So even the simplest conversations can mean a lot to her.” It wasn’t until 30 years later that I realized the true meaning of my mother’s nightly calls. The elderly often feel lonely for different reasons. As people age, they may experience the loss of friends and family members. Health problems can make it harder for the elderly to join in social activities. Retirement can also take away everyday activities that were once provided by work. The lonely feeling can be very strong for the elderly. They might feel like they are being forgotten or no longer needed. Without social communication, they may experience sadness and depression. My mother’s conversations were more than just friendly talks—they were lifelines for lonely old people. Her calls make them know more about the world outside. Her resolution and social skills in communicating were more than I could understand, and I wish I could do better. 1．What unexpected action did the writer’s mother take? A．She made clothes for her family. B．She took lessons to learn how to make cakes. C．She planned to call a different neighbor every night. D．She wanted to spend more time talking to her family. 2．What did the writer say about her mother and the elderly lady’s conversation at first? A．It covered a lot of news. B．It was about nothing important. C．It was only about nature. D．It appeared to be interesting. 3．What does the underlined word “retirement” mean in Chinese? A．退休 B．社团 C．展览会 D．声誉 4．Why did the writer introduce the living conditions of the elderly in Paragraph 3? A．To describe their lonely lives. B．To show their health problems. C．To show the skills of social communication. D．To show the importance of her mother’s nightly calls. 5．What can we infer (推断) from the writer’s words at the end of the passage? A．He didn’t realize the importance of simple kindness. B．He felt sorry not to spend more time with his mother. C．He planned to continue doing what her mother did for the elderly. D．He realized the elderly need experts’ help more than conversations. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的母亲每晚给不同邻居打电话的事情。起初作者不理解母亲的行为，认为这些对话琐碎。多年后作者意识到老年人因多种原因常感到孤独，母亲的电话对这些孤独的老人来说意义重大，就像生命线一样。作者最后表示希望自己能做得更好。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’m going to call one neighbor every night.”可知，作者母亲采取的意外行动是计划每晚给一个不同的邻居打电话，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When she finished the talk on the phone, I questioned her what topic she talked, finding them trivial (琐碎).”可知，作者起初认为母亲和老太太的谈话都是些不重要的事，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Retirement can also take away everyday activities that were once provided by work.”可知，“Retirement”指的是工作结束后不再有工作提供日常活动，即“退休”，故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章第三段介绍老年人因为各种原因感到孤独，第四段提到母亲的电话对孤独老人的意义，所以介绍老年人的生活状况是为了说明母亲每晚打电话的重要性，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“I wish I could do better.”可推断，作者计划继续做母亲为老年人做的事，故选C。 主题01 人与社会--名人故事 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东菏泽市定陶区·期末） Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid. After growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English. But when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her. “One thing that strikes me in reading and writing Chinese poetry is the power of the language— it’s melodious (悦耳的) and rhythmic,” said Podareva. Podareva has had many exciting experiences in China. But her most- loved memory is when she turned her poetry into a song titled If. “I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty,” Podareva said. Podareva wrote, “I have come to love this land, growing up with its brave people … I’d let China take my burning heart.” This poem shows her support for China. The poem caught the attention of Zhu Hai, a music lover in Zhejiang Province. He turned it into a song, and they finally met in Shanghai in March 2023 to record it together. Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry because the language flows like music. Her journey reflects a beautiful connection (连接) between her Russian roots (根) and her love for China. 1．When did Podareva begin to love poetry? A．When she was a child. B．When she was 29 years old. C．When she studied in China. D．When she met Zhu Hai in Shanghai. 2．Why did Podareva turn her poetry into the song If? A．She wanted to encourage people to love this land. B．She wanted to make her song more and more famous. C．She wanted to express her love for Chinese poetry and people. D．She wanted to encourage people to go through the difficult times. 3．What is the best way to express Chinese poetry according to Podareva? A．Travelling. B．Singing. C．Writing. D．Dancing. 4．What do we know about Podareva from the passage? A．She began to learn about Chinese poetry in 2013. B．She is a Russian singer who loved poetry at a young age. C．She taught Zhu Hai to write poems after they knew each other. D．She met Zhu Hai in Zhejiang Province and they became friends. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述29岁俄罗斯诗人Podareva的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid.”可知，从幼时就开始热爱诗歌。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty”可知，是为了困难时期鼓舞人们。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry”可知，是通过唱歌。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her.”可知，2013年来华开始了解中国诗歌。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂市兰山区·期末） In March 2019, at the age of 21, Margo Hayes became the first woman to finish three of the world’s hardest climbs when she successfully reached the top of Papichulo in Spain. She had already climbed La Rambla, Spain and Biografie, France in 2017. She was only 19 when she became the first woman to climb La Rambla, which is one of the hardest rock faces in the world to climb. It seems that this young woman from Boulder, Colorado was certain to become a record-breaking climber. She comes from a family of climbers, so that helps! Her grandfather was the expedition (探险队) leader on a new way to the top of Mount Everest in 1983 and her father has climbed many of the rock walls of Yosemite Valley, California. But that’s not enough. Talent and training play an important part. Margo was a talented gymnast (体操运动员) and at the age of six, she was training for an Olympic gold medal. Unluckily, she had to give up gymnastics because of a serious accident, but by the age of ten, she had joined Team ABC, a well-known training group for young climbers in Texas. You won’t be surprised to hear that Margo is very serious about her sport. She always has new goals she wants to achieve. She organizes her training and climbs with the greatest precision. She believes that full planning before a climb is necessary for success. You can’t risk making mistakes when you’re high up on a rock face. Before she starts a climb, she chooses the best way and plans every move she’ll make on the rock face. She says it’s an amazing feeling to finish a climb that you have been imagining in your head for so long. She enjoys her climbs and loves the feel of the rock as well as the views of fantastic scenery. Reaching the top is an exciting experience. 1．Why did Margo Hayes stop doing gymnastics? A．She once got seriously hurt. B．She got tired and lost interest. C．She wanted to climb mountains. 2．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指代) in the second paragraph? A．Her grandfather’s expedition to Mount Everest and her father’s climbs in Yosemite Valley. B．Talent and training. C．Coming from a family of climbers. 3．Which is the correct time order of the following events? ①Margo Hayes joined ABC, a training group for young climbers. ②Margo Hayes finished three of the world’s hardest climbs. ③Margo Hayes became the first woman to climb La Rambla. ④Margo Hayes trained in gymnastics for the Olympic Games. A．③②④① B．④①②③ C．④①③② 4．What does the underlined word “precision” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Happiness. B．Kindness. C．Carefulness. 5．Which is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Margo Hayes: A Great Climber B．La Rambla: The Hardest Climb C．The Hayes: A Climbing Family 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自科罗拉多州博尔德的年轻女性Margo Hayes如何成为一位破纪录的攀登者的，包括她的家庭背景、早年经历以及她对攀登的认真态度和成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“Unluckily, she had to give up gymnastics because of a serious accident”可知，Margo Hayes因为曾经受了重伤而不得不放弃体操。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“She comes from a family of climbers”可知，来自一个攀登者的家庭是有帮助的。划线词“that”指代的是前文提到的“She comes from a family of climbers”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Margo was a talented gymnast (体操运动员) and at the age of six, she was training for an Olympic gold medal.”、“but by the age of ten, she had joined Team ABC, a well-known training group for young climbers in Texas”、“She was only 19 when she became the first woman to climb La Rambla, which is one of the hardest rock faces in the world to climb.”和“In March 2019, at the age of 21, Margo Hayes became the first woman to finish three of the world’s hardest climbs when she successfully reached the top of Papichulo in Spain.”可知，事件的时间顺序为：6岁时训练体操；10岁加入攀登训练队；19岁成为首位攀登La Rambla的女性；21岁完成三项世界最难攀登。即正确顺序为④①③②。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“She believes that full planning before a climb is necessary for success. You can’t risk making mistakes when you’re high up on a rock face.”可知，她对自己的训练和攀登都安排得极为精准。因为在攀登前做好充分的规划是成功的关键。当身处高高的岩壁之上时，不能冒险犯错。“precision”在此处意为“细致、谨慎”，与选项C意思相近。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕Margo Hayes的攀登成就、家庭背景和训练态度展开，强调她作为杰出攀登者的身份。选项A“Margo Hayes：伟大的攀登者”最贴合主题，最适合当标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市槐荫区·期末） Jane Austen is a famous British writer who lived from 1775 to 1817. This year marks the 250th year of her birth, and people all over the world are celebrating her life and work. Her stories about people in different situations are still very interesting to read today. Austen was born in England and loved reading and writing when she was very young. She wrote six novels, and two of them were published after she died. Her books talk about important things like gender (性别) , power, education, and marriage through a woman’s eyes. For example, in Pride and Prejudice (《傲慢与偏见》) , Elizabeth and her four sisters have to deal with what people think about love and marriage. In Emma (《艾玛》) , a young woman tries to help her friends find love, but sometimes her plans don’t work out. Some people thought Austen only wrote love stories. But now, many people see her as a social commentator (社会评论家) because she wrote about the problems of her time. The Teen Magazine said she wrote about people’s problems, their families, and whether women should get married. These are still important topics today. Back in Austen’s time, women didn’t have many rights. For many, marrying a rich or powerful man was the only way to have a safe future. But Austen’s leading heroines (女主角) were different. They spoke up for themselves and wanted independence. A Swedish student said, “Her women characters (人物) are strong and honest about their feelings.” Because her stories talk about problems and ideas that never get out of style, Austen’s novels are still loved all over the world. And they have been made into lots of movies and TV shows. 1．What can we know about Jane Austen? A．She’s still popular now. B．She mainly wrote stories about power. C．She’s been dead for 250 years. D．She believed women should marry rich men. 2．What does the underlined word “published” mean in paragraph 2? A．Written. B．Read. C．Discussed. D．Printed and sold. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 4? A．Austen disliked her families. B．People see Austen as a social commentator. C．Austen is a writer of love stories. D．Austen’s novels are difficult to understand. 4．What roles do Austen’s leading heroines play according to the text? A．Followers of risks. B．Wishers for a safe future. C．Speakers of independence. D．Beauties from rich families. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Jane Austen’s Life. B．A Timeless Social Commentator. C．Austen’s women characters. D．Problems of Jane Austen’s Time. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了简·奥斯汀的生平和她的作品特点。 1．推理判断题。根据“Because her stories talk about problems and ideas that never get out of style, Austen’s novels are still loved all over the world.”可知，她的小说现在仍然被人们所喜爱，由此推断她现在仍受欢迎，故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“She wrote six novels, and two of them were published after she died.”可知，其中两本在她死后 出版，即她死后有两本被印刷和销售，故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“But now”可知“many people see her as a social commentator”是核心内容，后文解释人们视她为社会评论家的原因及她写的问题现在也是重要话题，所以第四段主要意思是人们把奥斯丁看作是一位社会评论家，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But Austen’s leading heroines (女主角) were different. They spoke up for themselves and wanted independence.”可知，奥斯汀的女主角为自己发声，要求独立。是独立的发声者，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据短文介绍了简·奥斯汀的生平及她的作品特点，主要围绕奥斯汀展开，而文中介绍人们视她为社会评论家，所以“一位不朽的社会评论家。”是最佳标题，故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·山东威海市经济技术开发区·期末） Imagine being 340 years old and still able to influence people today. Believe it or not that is an apt description of the famous composer (作曲家) Johann Sebastian Bach. Born in Germany, on March 21, 1685, to Johann Ambrosius Bach, the town musician, and his wife, Elisabetha, JS Bach was the youngest of eight children. At that time in Germany, the surname Bach was synonymous (同义词) with “musician” because many of Bach’s ancestors had worked as organists (管风琴手), singers and music directors. The youngster learned first from his father and then from his oldest brother, himself an organist, following the death of both parents when he was just 10. It was this brother that gave the young Bach his first formal keyboard - organ and harpsichord (羽管键琴) - lessons. In 1703, at age 18, he has his first job as a violinist at the court of Duke Johann Ernst. Then, in 1708, he became the organist at the court of Duke Wilhelm Ernst. In 1717, he accepted a position with Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cothen. In 1723, he took a position in Leipzig, where he was the organist until his death in 1750. Many still revere (敬仰) Bach today because of his incredible musical talent and lasting influence on Western music. His work laid the foundation (基础) for later composers, and his pieces are still widely studied and performed for their technical brilliance and depth of expression. 1．What can we know about Bach from the passage? A．Where he studied. B．How many works he created C．Why he is still famous. 2．What’s the underlined word “surname” in Para 2 mean? A．Last name. B．Middle name. C．First name. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．Which of the following best describes Bach’s influence on music? A．He invented new musical instruments, like violins and organs. B．His works are still studied and performed today. C．He taught many famous composers personally. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The history of music in Germany during Bach’s time. B．Bach’s family life and work experience. C．Bach’s musical career and lasting influence. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了著名作曲家约翰・塞巴斯蒂安・巴赫的生平、音乐生涯及对西方音乐的持久影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Many still revere (敬仰) Bach today because of his incredible musical talent and lasting influence on Western music.”可知，文章说明了巴赫如今仍闻名的原因，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文中“the surname Bach was synonymous (同义词) with ‘musician’ because many of Bach’s ancestors had worked as organists (管风琴手), singers and music directors.”可知，巴赫这个“surname”等同于“音乐家”，因为巴赫的许多祖先都曾担任过管风琴手、歌手和音乐指挥，可推知“surname” 应该是他们家族的姓，故选A。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总述巴赫虽已340岁，但仍能影响当下；第二至四段分别讲述他的家庭背景、学习经历、工作经历，第五段讲述对西方音乐的持久影响，文章是“总-分”结构，即①/②③④⑤ ，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“and his pieces are still widely studied and performed for their technical brilliance and depth of expression.”可知，他的作品至今仍被研究和演奏，体现对音乐的影响，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了巴赫的音乐生涯（学习、工作经历等）以及对西方音乐的持久影响展开，故选C。 主题02 人与自我--哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东日照市岚山区·期末） Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences. He always told me, “You should have goals like climbing the mountain.” Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed, we couldn’t have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy. I really got a lot from the mountain-climbing. It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my perseverance (毅力). Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the birds’ singing. But as time passed, I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to quit climbing. In fact, I hated it at that moment, but my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can’t see it before you reach the top. Only there you can see all of the nice things, just like your life.” At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later after that, I got new hope and confidence (自信). I found myself standing at the top of the mountain, and the sky was as clear as crystal (水晶). 1．What does the word “quit” in the passage mean? A．carry on B．give up C．put off D．pick up 2．Which of the following is the closest in the meaning of the father’s words in Paragraph 2? A．You will get all that you need at the top of the mountain. B．Never give up halfway. C．The most beautiful scenery is always at the top of the mountain. D．You can find life is full of nice things. 3．Which can be inferred according to the last paragraph? A．The writer was very successful in his life. B．The writer reached the top of the mountain. C．Though the writer was young, he could understand his father. D．The writer used to stop halfway when he climbed the mountain. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to get to the top of the mountain B．Standing at the top of the mountain C．Never give up before the success D．Conversations between father and son 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和父亲在登山的过程中，父亲鼓励他不要半途而废，最美的风景在山顶，作者深受启发。 1．词句猜测题。根据“I wanted to quit climbing.”可知随着时间的推移，作者的两条腿有些疼痛，因此他想要放弃爬山，quit意为“停止，放弃”，与“give up”同义。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can’t see it before you reach the top. Only there you can see all of the nice things, just like your life.”可知只有到达山顶，你才能够看到所有美好的事物，生活也是如此，因此该句的意思是“不要半途而废”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“But later after that, I got new hope and confidence (自信). I found myself standing at the top of the mountain, and the sky was as clear as crystal (水晶).”可知父亲的话语让作者获得了新的希望和自信，从而达到了人生的巅峰，因此，作者的人生是成功的。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了作者和父亲在登山的过程中，父亲鼓励他不要半途而废，最美的风景在山顶，父亲的话语对作者的一生产生了很大的影响，从而让自己登上了人生的山顶，因此最佳标题为“在成功之前，永不放弃”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东东营市垦利区·期末） Bob likes climbing very much. However, there wasn’t one climbing club in his school at first, so he felt sad. At the beginning of the second year of middle school, his school offered rock climbing lessons in order to encourage students to exercise. He was so happy that he joined at once. In the first lesson, the coach said, “Rock climbing needs strength, speed, courage and persistence. All these are necessary.” But in Bob’s opinion, rock climbing was just a fun activity. It interested him. During the following classes, the coach asked the students to run 1,000 meters first, and then climb with a rope. When Bob finished running, he almost lost his breath and got bored. And he even did not want to touch the rope. He thought it was less interesting than before. The coach noticed that and asked him, “Why do you want to take rock climbing lessons?” “I come for fun, of course.” “Is that fun?” he asked. Bob shook his head slowly. The coach then explained patiently, “That’s because you stop halfway. You know, beautiful sights are always on the top.” After hearing his words, Bob made up his mind to finish his journey. When he got to the top in the end, he felt really excited. Sometimes it’s hard to reach the top of the mountain, but it’s a pity to stop halfway, so don’t give up. 1．Why did the school offer rock climbing lessons? A．To develop students’ hobbies. B．To encourage students to exercise. C．To offer students more clubs. D．To let students enjoy activities. 2．What does the underlined word “persistence” mean? A．Being kind. B．Having interests. C．Holding on to. D．Being creative. 3．What did the coach ask the students to do during the classes? ① Climb rocks        ② Run 1,000 meters         ③ Climb with a rope        ④ Tie a rope A．①②. B．①③. C．②④. D．②③. 4．How did Bob’s feelings change? A．Sad → happy → bored → excited. B．Excited → sad → bored → happy. C．Happy → sad→ excited → bored. D．Sad → bored → happy → excited. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Learn to accept advice. B．Take up a hobby. C．Don’t give up halfway. D．Never stay the same. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bob从对攀岩充满兴趣到中途感到无聊，最终在教练的鼓励下坚持完成攀岩并感到兴奋的故事，传达了“不要半途而废”的道理。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“his school offered rock climbing lessons in order to encourage students to exercise”可知，学校开设攀岩课程是为了鼓励学生锻炼。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段教练的话“Rock climbing needs strength, speed, courage and persistence”以及后文Bob中途放弃的情节可知，攀岩需要坚持不懈，由此可知“persistence”指“坚持”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“the coach asked the students to run 1,000 meters first, and then climb with a rope”可知，课程内容包括跑步和用绳子攀爬。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, there wasn’t one climbing club in his school at first, so he felt sad.”可知，刚开始他的学校没有攀岩俱乐部，他很伤心；根据第二段“At the beginning of the second year of middle school, his school offered rock climbing lessons ... He was so happy that he joined at once.”可知，之后他们学校开设了攀岩课程，他很开心；根据第四段“When Bob finished running, he almost lost his breath and got bored.”可知，跑完之后，他感到很无聊；根据第五段“When he got to the top in the end, he felt really excited.”可知，到达顶端之后，他很兴奋。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“it’s a pity to stop halfway, so don’t give up”可知，主旨是不要半途而废。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市天桥区·期末） There was once a wise old man named Derek. One day his young nephew (侄子) Gary came to visit him. Gary was sad about his little progress in learning the guitar. He tried hard, but he just couldn’t improve. Gary asked his uncle for some advice. “Follow me,” said Derek, leading Gary up to the high hills around the village. As they got higher, Derek said that he needed to go to the top of the highest hill where he had never been to. Gary couldn’t believe his ears but decided to help his uncle. With much difficulty, Gary helped his uncle climb the hill. Sometimes he even carried the old man on his back. At the top, sweating (流汗), he put his uncle back on the ground and laughed with joy. “When you were a little boy, sometimes you returned home with tears in your eyes,” said Derek. “The other children laughed at you. Do you remember why? ” Gary looked around and nodded. He remembered that as a child he often played on the hills with other children. They called this hill “Mount Impossible”, because small children couldn’t reach its top. “At that time I was unable to get there,” said Gary. “The bigger kids had no problem.” “And today,” said Derek, “you not only climbed here, but also pulled me up.” “I’ve become bigger and stronger.” “Instead of climbing Mount Impossible every day, you played on the smaller hills and became better at climbing. You got stronger,” said Derek. “Mount Impossible became possible for you to climb while you weren’t even thinking about it. So just work towards things one step at a time.” 1．Why was Gary sad when he visited his uncle Derek? A．He lost his favorite guitar by accident. B．He was laughed at by his best friends. C．He has little progress in learning math. D．He was unhappy about his guitar learning. 2．How does Gray feel when Derek decided to go to the top of the highest hill? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Interested. D．Worried. 3．What did Gary do to help Derek during the climb? A．Hold his hand all the time. B．Find an easier road for him. C．Carry him on his back sometimes. D．Encourage him with beautiful songs. 4．Why did children call the hill “Mount Impossible”? A．Because it was hard to get to its top. B．Because there were wild animals on it. C．Because it was too far from the village. D．Because it was covered with thick forests. 5．What lesson did Derek want Gary to learn? A．Only practice what you are already good at. B．Try to keep away from difficult challenges. C．Ask for help whenever facing a big challenge. D．Achieve your life goals by working step by step. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Derek通过带领侄子Gary攀登“不可能之山”的经历，向他传递了循序渐进实现目标的道理。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Gary was sad about his little progress in learning the guitar.”可知，他因吉他学习进展不顺感到沮丧。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第2段“Gary couldn’t believe his ears”可推断，他对叔叔的决定感到惊讶。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Sometimes he even carried the old man on his back.”可知，Gary在攀登过程中曾背着叔叔。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第5段“They called this hill ‘Mount Impossible’, because small children couldn’t reach its top.”可知，山因难以攀登得名。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Derek的话“So just work towards things one step at a time.”可知，他教导Gary通过循序渐进实现目标。故选D。 主题03 人与社会--艺术 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历下区·期末） 2025 is Wang Hanlin’s 11th year working with older people. Now, he works as a music therapist (治疗师) at an older people’s home in Beijing. Wang Hanlin chose “music therapy” at the university. During his second year at university, he learned about using music therapy for older people in a class. The first time he visited an older people’s home, he knew it was the right job for him. “I felt so comfortable being with older people. This feeling was something I never experienced when working with children or other groups of people.” he said. After that, he continued learning how to help older people using music. He decided to work with older people after finishing his studies. Working as a music therapist in an older people’s home is very different from working in a hospital. Here, music therapists are not just helpers for health but also like social workers. Every week, Wang Hanlin teaches a “relaxation class” to help older people improve their health. After each session, many of them go into a relaxed condition, with some even falling asleep. They also do fun things like playing music together, forming music groups, and helping them sing and play instruments (乐器) . Wang Hanlin also leads group music meetings, using songwriting to help older people who have memory problems. When he learned that some people were experiencing unhappiness, he encouraged them to write their uncomfortable feelings into a song, helping them let out and express their feelings. For many older people, the care provided by a music therapist holds an important and special meaning. Wang Hanlin believes choosing music therapy means you truly want to help others. Without really loving this work, you might not do it well and you would also miss the joy it brings. “Being with older people aged 60 and above, spending time with them in their later years, and making close relations push you to go forward,” he said. “This kind of treasure is more important than money.” 1．Why did Wang Hanlin decide to work with older people? A．It’s easier than working with children. B．He felt special comfort with them. C．His university only trained him for older care. D．It can improve his music skills. 2．What does the underlined word “session” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．A test about music. B．Some time for an activity. C．A kind of musical tool. D．A group of older people. 3．How does Wang Hanlin help older people with memory problems? A．By playing special music for them. B．By helping them sing loudly. C．By encouraging them to write songs. D．By providing relaxing rooms. 4．What does Wang Hanlin think of his job? A．He considers it as a way to become famous. B．He treasures the personal growth of the job. C．He finds it challenging to complete the job. D．He sees it as a chance to get more about music. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why music therapy is important for us. B．To compare music therapy used in different places. C．To show the challenges of working with older people. D．To introduce how music therapy helps older people. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Wang Hanlin运用音乐疗法帮助老人改善健康、表达情感并建立亲密关系。 1．细节理解题。根据“I felt so comfortable being with older people. This feeling was something I never experienced when working with children or other groups of people”可知，Wang Hanlin之所以决定与老人共事，是因为他在老人身边感到别样的自在与舒适。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Every week, Wang Hanlin teaches a ‘relaxation class’ to help older people improve their health. After each session, many of them go into a relaxed condition, with some even falling asleep”可知每周，他都会教一堂“放松课”，每节课后，他们中的许多人都会进入放松状态，有些人甚至会睡着，故session指“为特定活动留出的一段时间”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“using songwriting to help older people who have memory problems...”可知，他通过鼓励老人写歌来帮助他们。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Being with older people aged 60 and above, spending time with them in their later years, and making close relations push you to go forward...This kind of treasure is more important than money”可知与60岁及以上的老年人在一起，在他们晚年与他们共度时光，建立亲密的关系会推动你前进，这种财富比金钱更重要，所以他珍视这份工作的个人成长。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕Wang Hanlin运用音乐疗法帮助老人改善健康、表达情感并建立亲密关系展开，所以文章的目的是介绍音乐疗法对老年人的具体益处。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东济南市历下区·期末） Dean recently fell in love with antiques (古董). Maybe it’s because of all kinds of TV antique shows, or maybe it’s because someone sold an ancient vase (花瓶) for 100,000 dollars. No matter what, Dean became crazy about the idea of becoming a real collector. So, starting one Saturday, he decided to visit a small town along Highway 117. He stopped whenever he saw a sign that said ANTIQUES. Dean was excited as he searched for the treasure he felt he was sure to find. There were so many old objects—European artworks, Chinese paintings, teapots and even some Indian vases. He didn’t know which to pick. As a new collector, he was interested in all of them. Finally, he bought an Indian vase, a Chinese tea set, a European painting and some Canadian coins. As soon as he got them, he couldn’t wait to invite his friends to share the joy of his collection. Among his friends, one had been collecting antiques for years. When he looked at Dean’s treasures, he laughed and told Dean that five out of six of his objects were new. They were not antiques! He then said that a collector must have knowledge (知识) of history, art, and much more. It’s the right knowledge and a pair of bright eyes that make one an antique collector. Moreover, each piece has a story behind it. It’s never like the experience of shopping at a mall. Dean was a bit upset when he heard the words. He made up his mind to learn more and continue his journey. He still hopes to find an amazing piece one day. 1．Which might encourage Dean’s interest in antiques according to the text? A．His trip to Europe. B．Books about antiques. C．His friend’s advice. D．A high-priced vase sale. 2．Where did Dean look for antiques? A．In a big market. B．In a small town. C．On the Internet. D．At a shopping mall. 3．How did Dean feel about the objects he bought at first? A．Upset. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 4．What did Dean’s friend do after seeing the treasures? A．Ho explained most were not real. B．He recommended an antique shop. C．He offered to buy some of them. D．He compared the amazing objects. 5．What can we learn from the text? A．Only experts can find the real treasures. B．Collecting antiques helps one become rich. C．Success needs knowledge and practice. D．Friends are always helpful in new hobbies. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了Dean对古董产生了兴趣，因为买了假古董使他决心继续探索古董世界。 1．细节理解题。根据“or maybe it’s because someone sold an ancient vase (花瓶) for 100,000 dollars”可知可能是因为有人卖出高价花瓶的消息激发了Dean对古董的兴趣。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“he decided to visit a small town along Highway 117”可知，Dean是在一个小镇上寻找古董。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“As a new collector, he was interested in all of them.”以及“As soon as he got them, he couldn’t wait to invite his friends to share the joy of his collection”可知，Dean最初对所购物品感到非常兴奋。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“he laughed and told Dean that five out of six of his objects were new. They were not antiques!”可知，Dean的朋友指出大部分物品并非真品。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“He then said that a collector must have knowledge (知识) of history, art, and much more.”以及“He made up his mind to learn more”可知，文章强调收藏古董需要知识和实践才能成功。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $