Unit3 The World of Science Using Language课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦“现在完成时的被动语态”，从主动与被动语态区别切入，结合阅读文章例句，通过定义、结构、时间状语及与一般过去时被动的对比，搭建从基础到应用的学习支架，衔接前后语法知识。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，以3D打印实例、实验室损坏报告等真实语境设计练习，通过对比辨析强化逻辑思维，词汇拓展结合科学职业词缀学习提升学习能力。学生能在实践中掌握语法，教师可借助系统练习和讨论活动提高教学效率。

新外研版 Book 3 Using Language Unit 3 The world of science Present perfect passive 现在完成时的被动语态 动词的两种语态 主动语态（the active voice）：表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态（ the passive voice）：表示主语是动作的承受者 We planted the trees. 主谓关系 The trees were planted by us. 动宾关系 现在完成时 (have/has + v-ed)： 表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响;或表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。 Present perfect passive 现在完成时的被动语态 被动语态 (be + v-ed) be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动语态。 Now look for more sentences with the present perfect passive in the reading passage. 1) The New Age of Invention has just been published.. 2) In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.. 3) New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. 已经被出版 已经被取得 已经被用来 一 现在完成时的被动语态含义 1 表过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常连用的时间状语有： for+段时间，since +时间状语(从句)，these days, so far, up to now, in the last/ past few years等。 This class have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years. Rowling’s novels have been translated into many foreign languages so far. His Chinese has been improved a lot since he came to China. 这个班已经被Mr.Brown教了两年了 自从他来中国，他的中文已经提升了很多 迄今为止罗琳的小说已经被翻译成了很多外国语言。 一 现在完成时的被动语态含义 2 表某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。 The bike has not been repaired yet. I have already been introduced to Mr. Smith. 这辆自行车还没有修理 我已经被介绍给史密斯先生了 注意事项 1 during / over + 时间段, in the last / past + 时间段等时间状语 常与现在完成时搭配的时间状语 since+时间点, already , recently , lately , so far, up to now, for＋时间段, ever since 二 现在完成时的被动语态几种常规用法 When to use the Present perfect passive? 1. 不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁； His bike has been stolen. Such books have been written for children. The letter has been opened. 2. 强调动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者； All the products have been tested. 3. 用于动作的执行者不是人时。 The house has been washed away by the flood. （已经为儿童编写这类图书了。） （这些产品都经过测试了。） （这封信被人拆开了。） （那栋房子已经被洪水冲走了。） （他的自行车被人偷了） 三 现在完成时的被动语态结构 have/has + been + v-ed have/has + not + been + v-ed Have/Has +主语+ been +v-ed? 疑问词+have/has +been+ v-ed? 肯定式： 否定式： 一般疑问句： 特殊疑问句： 三 现在完成时的被动语态结构 have/has + not + been + v-ed 否定式： The ink has not been removed from his overcoat. （墨迹还没有从他的外套上去掉） Have/Has +主语+ been +v-ed? 一般疑问句： Has the date for the next meeting been decided ? （下次会议的日期已经确定了吗？） 三 现在完成时的被动语态结构 疑问词+have/has +been+ v-ed? 特殊疑问句： How long has this film been shown ? （这部电影已经放映多长时间了？） Who has been helped by the new computer ? （谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？） How many new words has been learned by the students ? （这些学生已经学会了对少个新单词？） 两个助动词 1 现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been， 两者缺一不可。 He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting. （他已经被挑选出来参加运动会。） 与一般过去时被动语态的区别 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响； 现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。 The machine has been repaired． 机器已经修好了。(动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。) The machine was repaired yesterday． 机器昨天修了。(只说明动作发生在昨天。) 与一般过去时的被动语态was/were done的区别 难点突破 timeline past now 一般过去时 （时间点） 现在完成时（时间段） 基本用法 难点突破 1. In 1908, the Olympic Games ___________(hold) here for the first time. 2. The Olympic Games _____________(hold)in many countries since the 1900s. 与一般过去时的被动语态的区别 practice was held has been held 非延续性动词 非持续性动词，如 come , go , start , begin , leave , arrive , reach , get , marry , die , buy 等现在完成时的被动语态不能和表示一段时间的状语如how long, for three days等连用。若要表达相应意思，需改动词或时态。 The new car has been kept for a month. (borrow) 这辆新车已经被借了一周了。 The new car has been borrowed for a month. √ × 非延续性动词 非持续性动词，如 come , go , start , begin , leave , arrive , reach , get , marry , die , buy 等现在完成时的被动语态不能和表示一段时间的状语如how long, for three days等连用。若要表达相应意思，需改动词或时态。 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程， 可与since或for构成的时间状语连用。 eg: This dictionary has not been borrowed since last week. 不及物动词或词组 并不是所有动词都有被动语态。 happen , take place , break out , belong to , cost , last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 1978年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化 动词短语 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 The orphans have been taken good care of here． 孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾。 The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved. （of 不可省略） 那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 （after 不可省略） 如何将句子变成现在完成时的被动语态？ Verb form Active Passive have / has + been + v-ed have /has + v-ed 将下面句子中的主动语态变为被动语态。 practice ! 1. Nobody has heard of Susan since she moved to America.   __________________________________________________ 2. They won't finish the experiment before ten o'clock. ___________________________________________________ Susan hasn't been heard of since she moved to America. The experiment won't be finished before ten o'clock. 将下面句子中的主动语态变为被动语态。 practice ! 3. We haven't given them anything to eat.    __________________________________________________ 4. Have you fed the pigs yet?   __________________________________________________ 5. We have already discussed this question.    __________________________________________________ This question has already been discussed. They haven't been given anything to eat. Have the pigs been fed yet? Many things in our lives have already been affected. Have a try: rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. （P38） Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, 3D - printed hamburgers________________ (serve) to customers in some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that __________________ (achieve)to date is in medicine. human body parts, including a beating heart __________________(make)with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting – in Brazil, a new 3D - printed shell __________________( give) to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Practice 1（p38） have been served has been achieved have been made has been given Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Use the present perfect passive where appropriate. 26 2. The lock on the door has been broken. 1. The window has been broken. 5. My two laptops have been stolen. 6. Beakers and test tubes have been destroyed. 4. The book case has been opened, and some files have been taken away while others have been thrown everywhere. 3. The robot has been knocked down. 现在完成时的 被动语态 Basic Structure Basic Usages summary have/has been done 表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果 ②表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去 Basic Structure Basic Structure already yet recently / lately so far by now up to/till now in the last/past+时间段 since+时间点 for+时间段 ③与一般过去时被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态强调动作发生在过去某个特定时间点，与现在无关。现在完成时的被动语态强调过去动作造成的影响或状态持续到现在. Practice Their new cars ______________________ (advertise) on the Internet for a long time. A new library and a gymnasium in our school _______________ (set) up so far and they will be put into use very soon. A great many machines ____________________ (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution. Every possible means ______________ (try) to save the wounded soldier up to now. have been advertised have been produced has been tried have been set Practice Great changes ____________ (take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories _______________ (set) up in the past ten years. 6. All the preparations for the task _________________ 　　　　 　 （ make）and we’re ready to start. 7. Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _________________（reach）so far by the two sides. 8. Trump is the funniest president that _______________ (elect) ever. have taken have been set have been made has been reached has been elected Practice 5: fill in blanks with the correct forms. 1.The first smartphone_______________(introduce)by Apple in2007, changing communication forever. 2.Since its launch,online shopping _________________(adopt)by millions of people because of its convenience. 3.The electric light bulb_____________(invent)by Edison in the 19th century. 4.Many traditional markets ___________________ (replace) by e-commerce platforms in the last 10 years. was introduced has been adopted have been replaced was invented Practice 5: fill in blanks with the correct forms. 5.Bike sharing systems___________(set up)in Beijing in 2016,and so far they____________________(expand) to 200 cities. 6.The data about climate change_____________(collect)last year. 7.The AI translation app____________________(download)over 5 ,million times recently. 8.Smart home techonology_________________(create)to simplify life,and it ___________________(apply)in our daily life up to now. were set up was collected has been downloaded was created have been expanded has been applied Discussion Talk about the change of your life caused by some inventions ,using present perfect passive where appropriate. High speed railway 高铁 Mobile payment 移动支付 Online shopping 网购 Bike sharing 共享单车 Today,many new technologies,such as, online shopping, has been created,making... Discussion One possible version Science and invention have significantly influenced our life. Today,many new technologies,such as, smartphones, have been created,making communication and information access easier.The development of high-speed railways has a profound impact. Long journeys have been made much more comfortable and time-efficient. Smart home devices have been introduced into our life,which makes us control lights and other appliances remotely. E-books have replaced traditional ones,allowing us to carry a library in our pockets.In addition,online payment systems have developed ,making transactions more convenient.Thanks to these inventions,our lifestyle has changed forever. Careers in science 35 Vocabulary building: Word formation Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 1. What do you know about these careers? 36 A mathematician is a person who is trained in the study of numbers and calculations. A physicist is a person who does research connected with physics or who studies physics. A physician is a person who is a specialist in general medicine. An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space. A chemist is a person who does research connected with chemistry or who studies chemistry. A biologist is a person who studies or works in the field of biology. A geographer is a scientist who studies the geography or is an expert in it . Vocabulary building: Word formation Learning to learn Words about different careers in science can be formed by adding -er, -ist or -ian at the end of the words about subjects, eg biology - biologist. Noun. -ist Noun. -ian science scientist art novel piano society artist novelist pianist socialist library comedy physic history music librarian comedian musician physician historian 41 Please complete the introductions. astronomer biologist geographer chemist physicist mathematician Thanks! $