Unit+5+Helping+our+parents（知识清单）英语译林版三起五年级下册

Unit 5 Helping our parents知 识 归 纳 语音语调 ing /ɪŋ/ bring, morning, sing, spring 必记单词 help 帮助 parent 父亲；母亲 parents 父母 do 做；干 does 做；干（三单） cook 烹饪；做饭 clean 打扫；干净的 wash 洗 sweep 扫地 mop 拖地 cook 厨师；烹饪 make 制作；整理 bed 床 water 浇水 plant 植物 grow 种植 garden 花园 busy 忙的 tired 累的 happy 高兴的 every 每个 day 天；日子 morning 早上 afternoon 下午 evening 晚上 night 夜晚housework 家务 homework 家庭作业 finish 完成 late 晚的 early 早的 常考短语 1. help our parents 帮助我们的父母 2. do housework 做家务 3. cook dinner 做晚饭 4. wash the dishes 洗碗 5. clean the room 打扫房间 6. sweep the floor 扫地 7. mop the floor 拖地 8. wash clothes 洗衣服 9. iron the clothes 熨衣服 10. clean the windows 擦窗户 11. make the bed 整理床铺 12. water the flowers 浇花 13. grow vegetables 种蔬菜 14. in the garden 在花园里 15. in the kitchen 在厨房里 16. at home 在家 17. help with housework 帮忙做家务 18. be busy 忙碌的 19. every morning 每天早上 20. in the evening 在晚上 21. finish homework 完成家庭作业 22. after school 放学后 23. on weekends 在周末 24. look tired 看起来累 25. be happy 高兴的 必会句型 1. —What are you doing? 你正在做什么？—I am washing the dishes. 我正在洗碗。 2. —What is your mother doing? 你妈妈正在做什么？—She is cooking dinner. 她正在做晚饭。 3. —What are your parents doing? 你父母正在做什么？—They are cleaning the room. 他们正在打扫房间。 4. He is sweeping the floor. 他正在扫地。 5. She is watering the flowers in the garden. 她正在花园里浇花。 6. We are helping our parents with housework. 我们正在帮父母做家务。 7. My father is mopping the floor. 我爸爸正在拖地。 8. She is making the bed now. 她现在正在整理床铺。 9. They are busy every weekend. 他们每个周末都很忙。 10. I often help my mother wash clothes. 我经常帮妈妈洗衣服。 核心语法 1. 现在进行时的用法（表示正在进行的动作） 2. 动词现在分词的变化规则 3. 疑问词 what 引导的现在进行时特殊疑问句 4. 一般现在时与现在进行时的区别 5. 人称代词与 be 动词的搭配 考 点 速 记 考点 01 现在进行时的用法（表示正在进行的动作）1.基本含义：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的状态。 2.用法结构： 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词现在分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词现在分词 + 其他？（肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am not/is not/are not.） 解析： 1.be 动词的选择：主语是 I 用 am，主语是单数（he/she/it/ 单数名词）用 is，主语是复数（we/you/they/ 复数名词）用 are。 2.现在进行时常与 now（现在）、look（看）、listen（听）、at the moment（此刻）等时间状语连用。 典例： 1.Look! She is cleaning the windows. 看！她正在擦窗户。 2.They are not watching TV. They are doing homework. 他们没有在看电视。他们正在做作业。 3.—Is he watering the flowers? 他正在浇花吗？—Yes, he is. 是的，他在浇。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.—What ______ you doing? —I am washing the dishes. A. am B. is C. are 2.My mother ______ cooking dinner in the kitchen now. A. am B. is C. are 3.They ______ not sweeping the floor. They are mopping it. A. am B. is C. are 4.—______ your father cleaning the room? —No, he isn't. He is reading a book. A. Am B. Is C. Are 5.I ______ helping my sister with her homework. A. am B. is C. are 二、按要求填空（用 am/is/are 填空）： 1.He ______ watering the flowers in the garden. 2.We ______ cleaning the classroom now. 3.—______ you doing housework? —Yes, I am. 4.My parents ______ not at home. They are working. 5.She ______ cooking dinner for us. It smells good. .考点 02 动词现在分词的变化规则 核心变化规则： 一般情况直接加 -ing：wash—washing；clean—cleaning；cook—cooking 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing：make—making；take—taking；write—writing 重读闭音节单词，双写末尾辅音字母加 -ing：run—running；swim—swimming；sweep—sweeping 以 ie 结尾，变 ie 为 y 加 -ing：lie—lying；tie—tying（小学阶段重点掌握前三种） 解析： 1.闭音节是指 “辅音 + 元音 + 辅音” 结构，且重读在最后一个音节，如 sweep（sw-e-ep）、mop（m-o-p）。 2.常见易错词：stop—stopping；shop—shopping；begin—beginning。 典例： 1.She is washing clothes. 她正在洗衣服。 2.He is making the bed. 他正在整理床铺。 3.They are running in the park. 他们正在公园里跑步。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.My sister is ______ the floor. A. sweep B. sweeping C. sweeps 2.Look! They are ______ dinner in the kitchen. A. cook B. cooking C. cooks 3.He is ______ his homework now. A. do B. does C. doing 4.She is ______ the clothes. A. wash B. washing C. washes 5.They are ______ the windows. A. clean B. cleaning C. cleans 二、按要求填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）： 1.Look! The boy is ______ (run) fast. 2.My mother is ______ (cook) breakfast now. 3.She is ______ (wash) the dishes in the kitchen. 4.They are ______ (clean) the room together. 5.He is ______ (water) the flowers in the garden. 6.I am ______ (make) a card for my father. 考点 03 疑问词 what 引导的现在进行时特殊疑问句1.问句结构： What + am/is/are + 主语 + doing？（某人正在做什么？） What + am/is/are + 主语 + doing + 地点？（某人正在某地做什么？） 2.答句结构： 主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词 + 其他. 解析： 1.问句中 be 动词的形式要根据主语的人称和数来确定，答句的 be 动词需与问句保持一致。 2.回答时要明确说明正在进行的具体动作，可补充地点或其他细节。 典例： 1.—What is she doing? 她正在做什么？—She is ironing the clothes. 她正在熨衣服。 2,。—What are they doing in the garden? 他们正在花园里做什么？—They are growing vegetables. 他们正在种蔬菜。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.—______ is your brother doing? —He is playing football. A. What B. Where C. When 2.—What ______ your parents doing? —They are cleaning the windows. A. am B. is C. are 3.—What is your sister doing ______ the kitchen? —She is washing the dishes. A. in B. on C. at 4.—What ______ you doing now? —I am reading a storybook. A. am B. is C. are 5.—What is Tom doing? —______ is sweeping the floor. A. He B. She C. It 二、按要求填空（根据答句写问句）： 1.—__________________________? —She is cooking dinner.（提示：询问她正在做什么） 2.—__________________________? —They are cleaning the room.（提示：询问他们正在做什么） 3.—__________________________? —He is watering the flowers in the garden.（提示：询问他正在花园里做什么） 4.—__________________________? —I am making the bed.（提示：询问你正在做什么） 5.—__________________________? —My mother is washing clothes.（提示：询问你妈妈正在做什么） 考点 04 一般现在时与现在进行时的区别解析：核心区别： 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，常与 every day、usually、often、always 等时间状语连用，动词用原形或三单形式。 现在进行时：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与 now、look、listen、at the moment 等时间状语连用，动词用 “am/is/are + 现在分词” 形式。 1.同一动词在两种时态中的含义不同：He cleans the room every day.（他每天打扫房间，表习惯）；He is cleaning the room now.（他现在正在打扫房间，表正在进行）。 2.注意区分时间状语，根据时间状语判断时态。 典例： 1.She often washes clothes on weekends.（一般现在时）她经常在周末洗衣服。 2.She is washing clothes now.（现在进行时）她现在正在洗衣服。 3.They usually cook dinner at 6 o'clock.（一般现在时）他们通常在 6 点做晚饭。 4.They are cooking dinner now.（现在进行时）他们现在正在做晚饭。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.My father ______ to work by bike every day. But today he ______ a bus. A. go; take B. goes; is taking C. is going; takes 2.She ______ the dishes every evening. Now she ______ the dishes. A. washes; is washing B. wash; washing C. is washing; washes 3.They ______ football every Sunday. Look! They ______ football now. A. play; are playing B. plays; play C. are playing; play 4.I ______ my homework in the evening. But now I ______ TV. A. do; watch B. does; am watching C. do; am watching 5.He ______ vegetables in the garden every year. Now he ______ vegetables. A. grows; is growing B. grow; growing C. is growing; grows 二、按要求填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）： 1.He usually ______ (clean) the room on Saturdays. Now he ______ (clean) it. 2.She often ______ (wash) clothes after school. But today she ______ (not wash) them. She is reading. 3.They ______ (go) to the park every Sunday. Look! They ______ (go) to the park now. 4.I ______ (do) my homework every evening. Now I ______ (do) it. 5.My mother ______ (cook) dinner every day. Now she ______ (cook) fish. 考点 05 人称代词与 be 动词的搭配核心搭配： 第一人称：I（我）+ am；we（我们）+ are 第二人称：you（你 / 你们）+ are 第三人称：he（他）/she（她）/it（它）/ 单数名词 + is；they（他们 / 她们 / 它们）/ 复数名词 + are 解析： 1.人称代词作主语时，需正确搭配对应的 be 动词，尤其是第三人称单数（he/she/it/ 单数名词）要搭配 is，不能用 are。 2.现在进行时和一般现在时（表状态）中均需遵循此搭配规则。 典例： 1.I am helping my parents. 我正在帮助我的父母。 2.She is cleaning the windows. 她正在擦窗户。 3.They are watering the flowers. 他们正在浇花。 4.My father is a teacher. He is busy every day. 我爸爸是一名教师。他每天都很忙。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.______ am a student. ______ helping my teacher now. A. I; I B. I; I'm C. My; I'm 2.______ is my mother. ______ is cooking dinner. A. She; She B. Her; She C. She; She's 3.______ are my friends. ______ are playing football. A. They; They B. Them; They C. They; They're 4.______ is a dog. ______ is running in the park. A. It; It B. It; It's C. Its; It 5.______ are you doing? ______ are washing the dishes. A. What; I B. What; I'm C. Where; I'm 二、按要求填空（用适当的人称代词和 be 动词填空）： 1.______ (我) am a student. ______ (我) am doing my homework now. 2.______ (她) is my sister. ______ (她) is cleaning her room. 3.______ (他) is my father. ______ (他) is mopping the floor. 4.______ (他们) are my grandparents. ______ (他们) are growing vegetables. 5.______ (你) are my good friend. ______ (你) are helping me with my English 参考答案 （1）现在进行时的用法 一、单项选择 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 二、按要求填空 1.is 2.are 3.Are 4.are 5.is （2）动词现在分词的变化规则 一、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.running 2.cooking 3.washing 4.cleaning 5.watering 6.making （3）疑问词 what 引导的现在进行时特殊疑问句 一、单项选择 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 二、按要求填空 1.What is she doing? 2.What are they doing? 3.What is he doing in the garden? 4.What are you doing? 5.What is your mother doing? （4）一般现在时与现在进行时的区别 一、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 二、按要求填空 1.cleans; is cleaning 2.washes; isn't washing 3.go; are going 4.do; am doing 5.cooks; is cooking （5）人称代词与 be 动词的搭配 一、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.I; I 2.She; She 3.He; He 4.They; They 5.You; You 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $