专题03 阅读理解（议论文）（期末真题汇编，黑吉辽蒙专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 高二下期末英语阅读理解议论文汇编，聚焦人与社会（科技影响、志愿服务等）和人与自我（技术依赖、个人成长等）主题，素材贴近现实，问题覆盖细节理解、推理判断等能力，强化语言运用与思维训练。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|32题（8篇×4题）|细节理解（如Passage1第1题）、词义猜测（如Passage2第2题）、推理判断（如Passage3第4题）、主旨大意（如Passage4第4题）|情境具时代性（科技使用、社会热点），问题层次分明（基础到能力），注重思维品质（辩证分析、批判性思维）|

专题03 阅读理解（议论文） 参考答案 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1：1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C Passage 2：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C Passage 3：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A Passage 4：1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D Passage 3：1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A Passage 4：1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解 议论文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·辽宁大连·期末） I was hanging out with my grandma the other day, and she was wrestling with a new video-calling app on her phone. She looked like she was trying to solve a mystery (谜) straight out of a Sherlock Holmes novel, but when she finally got it to work and chatted with her old friend, her face lit up like a Christmas tree. It made me wonder, though, what all this tech-use is doing to our brains, especially for the older folks. You know, people keep talking about “digital dementia (痴呆)”. Isn’t that wild? Too much time spent on such electronic devices can make us brain-dead. But get this — some new study says that’s not the case at all! Here’s the kicker: the study found that older folks who dive head first into using computers and smartphones are actually way less likely to have their brains go “offline”, like, you know, 58% less likely to experience mental decline. Can you believe it? It’s like finding out the secret to staying young forever were right there in our pockets all along. So, is “digital dementia” just a load of nonsense? It sure seems that way, I mean, think about it, every time grandma figures out a net v app or goes through a software update, she’s giving her brain a workout. Plus, staying connected through devices keeps her from feeling like she’s living in a movie where she’s the only person left on Earth. But hey, we’ve gotta be careful here. With all the-tech-magic out there, it’s easy to get lost in the “digital rabbit hole”. And let’s not forget, too much screen time can turn anyone into a bad-tempered cat, especially the younger folks. So, while it’s awesome that; tech can help older folks stay sharp and social, we should also make sure everyone uses it in a balanced way. After all, who wants to be a deadhead when you can be a tech expert instead? 1．Why did grandma’s face light up like a Christmas tree? A．She managed to shoot a video. B．She figured out a new device. C．She unlocked the use of a new app. D．She succeeded in solving a mystery. 2．What does the author think of the influence of new tech on older folks? A．It distracts them from real life. B．It worsens their digital dementia. C．It replaces their usual workout. D．It gives them a brain stretch. 3．What does the “digital rabbit hole” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The act of overusing digital devices. B．The habit of buying latest devices. C．The way to use new technology. D．The place to store digital data. 4．What is the author’s tone like in the text? A．Relaxing and reflective. B．Critical and pessimistic. C．Serious and academic. D．Angry and authoritative. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨科技对老年人大脑的影响及使用建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was hanging out with my grandma the other day, and she was wrestling with a new video-calling app on her phone. She looked like she was trying to solve a mystery straight out of a Sherlock Holmes novel, but when she finally got it to work and chatted with her old friend, her face lit up like a Christmas tree.(前几天我和奶奶待在一起时，她正费劲地摆弄手机上一款新的视频通话应用程序。她看起来就像是在试图解开夏洛克·福尔摩斯小说中的一个谜团，但当她终于成功并和老朋友聊天时，她的脸像圣诞树一样亮了起来)”可知，祖母成功解锁了一个新应用程序的使用，所以她的脸像圣诞树一样亮了起来。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“every time grandma figures out a net v app or goes through a software update, she’s giving her brain a workout.(每次奶奶弄清楚一个网络视频应用程序或进行软件更新时，她都在锻炼她的大脑)”可知，作者认为新技术让老年人锻炼了大脑。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前“we’ve gotta be careful here.(我们也得留心)”及划线词后“too much screen time can turn anyone into a bad-tempered cat, especially the younger folks.(过多的屏幕时间会让任何人变成脾气暴躁的猫，尤其是年轻人)”可知，因为有了科技魔法，人们很容易迷失在过度的使用数码设备当中，故划线词digital rabbit hole指的是过度使用数码设备的行为。故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章以奶奶使用新应用的日常场景引入，全文语言轻松（如“face lit up like a Christmas tree”，“bad-tempered cat”，“deadhead”等），同时探讨科技使用的利弊并给出建议，体现出反思性，故作者的语气是轻松且具有反思性的。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·内蒙古·期末） With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer. While it’s true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you’ll experience. Volunteering doesn’t have to involve a long-term commitment or take a huge amount of time out of your busy day. Giving in even simple ways can help those in need and improve your health and happiness. The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career. One of the well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community. Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference to the lives of people, animals, and organizations in need. And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills. Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts. Furthermore, one of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen existing relationships is to commit to a shared activity together. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It strengthens your ties to the community and broadens your support network, exposing you to people with common interests, neighborhood resources, and fun and fulfilling activities. 1．What does the author mean by saying “volunteering is a two-way street”? A．It needs your time and practice. B．It needs both courage and devotion. C．It benefits both givers and takers. D．It has both strengths and weaknesses. 2．What does the underlined word “momentum” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Determination. B．Motivation. C．Information. D．Experience. 3．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why volunteering is a must to your community. B．How volunteering is helpful for you to make friends. C．Why volunteering is beneficial to your mind and body. D．How volunteering is crucial for your future occupation. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Advantages of Volunteer Activities B．Volunteering and Your Friendship C．Puzzles in Doing Volunteer Activities D．Ways to Find People with Common Interests 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了志愿服务带来的多方面益处。 1．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help.(志愿服务是一条双向的道路：它既能让你和你的家人受益，也能让你选择帮助的事业受益)”可知，作者说“志愿服务是一条双向的道路”意思是志愿服务既能让给予者受益，也能让接受者受益。 故选C 2．词句猜测题。 根据第三段中“Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts.(志愿服务还能提高你的社交和人际关系技巧。虽然有些人天生外向，但有些人很害羞，很难结识新朋友。志愿服务给了你一个练习和发展社交技能的机会，因为你会定期与一群有共同兴趣的人见面。一旦你有了momentum，就更容易扩展人脉，结交更多的朋友和联系人)”可知，志愿服务能提高社交技能，定期与有共同兴趣的人见面，有了这种动力之后，就更容易扩展人脉，结交朋友，由此可知，momentum意为“动力，积极性”。和B项“Motivation(动力)” 意义相近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。 根据第一段的“The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career.(合适的匹配可以帮助你与社区建立联系，学习新技能，找到新朋友，甚至推进你的职业生涯)”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了志愿服务对于社区建立联系，学习新技能，找到新朋友的好处；由此可推知，作者接下来可能会继续讨论志愿服务在职业发展中的重要性，呼应第一段的“even advance your career”。 故选D。 4．主旨大意题。 根据第一段中“However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer.(然而，志愿服务的好处可能是巨大的。志愿服务为有需要的人、有价值的事业和社区提供了至关重要的帮助，但对你——志愿者来说，好处可能更大)”以及结合文章可知，本文主要介绍了志愿服务的好处，包括对社区的影响、增加社交和关系技巧以及结交新朋友和加强现有关系等。可知，A选项“志愿者活动的好处”最符合文章标题。 故选A。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末） Last summer, my tech-fan cousin Alex bought an advanced self-driving car. One misty evening, as we drove on a narrow and winding cliff-side road, Alex, full of confidence, turned on the self-driving mode. At that time, I was nervous, holding the armrest tightly, while Alex casually scrolled (滚屏) through social media, completely ignoring the increasingly dangerous road conditions. Suddenly, a strong deer appeared in the headlights. At that critical moment, the car’s sensors, which had been failing unnoticed, went wrong. Instead of braking, the car sped towards the deer. Alex, realizing the danger at the last second, tried to reach for the steering wheel, but it was too late. The car crashed into the deer, and we were shaken hard. Surprisingly, the deer ran into the woods, unhurt. We sat in the damaged car, shocked. This accident made me reflect on technology’s issues. In healthcare, AI robots, sometimes, for speed, misread symptoms, causing incorrect diagnoses. In education, speed-focused AI graders may score essays by keywords, missing emotional depth in student stories-like a child writing of sadness, whose words become data, not cries for sympathy. In other words, AI prioritizes speed over correct diagnosis or students’ emotional expressions. Philosopher Sherry Turkle’s words make sense - “We’re sacrificing exactness and sympathy for efficiency.” But this doesn’t mean we should reject technology. We should use it carefully and wisely. Just like a compass helps a sailor but doesn’t replace his skills, technology should help our judgment, not take over. Doctors could use AI technology as an extra opinion, and compare it with their own knowledge. Teachers can use AI technology to analyze student data and adjust lessons with their own insights, and not to let algorithms (算法) control teaching. That night, standing by the broken car, I realized that technology, for all its power, depends on us. Over-reliance on it weakens our ability to adapt and think. In the end, we, not machines, should shape the future. 1．How did the author feel during the drive before the accident? A．Anxious. B．Tired. C．Curious. D．Dizzy. 2．What resulted in the accident of the self-driving car? A．The author’s scream. B．The high speed of the deer. C．Alex’s bad physical conditions. D．The car’s sensor failure and Alex’s inattention. 3．What does the underlined word “sacrificing” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Taking on. B．Giving up. C．Focusing on. D．Making up. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．People will depend on AI more and more. B．AI technology is of significance in the future. C．People should use technology carefully and wisely. D．AI will take over humans some day. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过自动驾驶汽车事故，探讨科技依赖问题并主张理性使用科技。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At that time, I was nervous, holding the armrest tightly, while Alex casually scrolled through social media, completely ignoring the increasingly dangerous road conditions. (当时，我紧张极了，双手紧紧抓着扶手，而Alex却漫不经心地刷着社交媒体，完全无视愈发危险的路况。)”可知，事故发生前作者因担忧潜在危险而紧张。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At that time, I was nervous, holding the armrest tightly, while Alex casually scrolled through social media, completely ignoring the increasingly dangerous road conditions. Suddenly, a strong deer appeared in the headlights. At that critical moment, the car’s sensors, which had been failing unnoticed, went wrong. (当时，我紧张极了，双手紧紧抓着扶手，而Alex却漫不经心地刷着社交媒体，完全无视愈发危险的路况。突然，一只体型健壮的鹿出现在车灯照射的范围内。就在这千钧一发之际，汽车那此前一直未被察觉地出现故障的传感器彻底失灵了。)”可知，事故的直接原因是传感器故障与驾驶者分心。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“In healthcare, AI robots, sometimes, for speed, misread symptoms, causing incorrect diagnoses. In education, speed-focused AI graders may score essays by keywords, missing emotional depth in student stories-like a child writing of sadness, whose words become data, not cries for sympathy. (在医疗保健领域，人工智能机器人有时会为了速度而误读症状，导致错误的诊断。在教育领域，那些以速度为导向的人工智能评分系统可能仅通过关键词来评判作文，从而忽略了学生故事中的情感深度一比如一个孩子写下关于悲伤的内容时，其文字在AI眼中只是数据，而非渴望共鸣的呼喊。)”可知，AI在医疗和教育中优先速度而非正确性，并且也会忽略情感。所以画线词意为“牺牲”，与giving up意思相近。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“We should use it carefully and wisely. Just like a compass helps a sailor but doesn’t replace his skills, technology should help our judgment, not take over. Doctors could use AI technology as an extra opinion, and compare it with their own knowledge. Teachers can use Al technology to analyze student data and adjust lessons with their own insights, and not to let algorithms control teaching. (我们应审慎且明智地使用技术。正如罗盘能辅助航海者导航却无法替代其航海技能一样，技术应当辅助我们的判断力，而非取而代之。医生可将人工智能技术视为辅助意见，并将其与自身专业知识相互印证；教师则可借助人工智能分析学生数据，结合自身洞察调整教学策略，而非任由算法主导教学过程。)”可知，该段通过类比强调技术需服务于人类判断，而非主导决策，我们应该谨慎而明智地使用技术。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） I came across an image recently of a distance runner with a message that told readers to persevere (坚持) at all costs. It reminded me of a conversation I had. My colleague’s teaching assistant was asking for my advice. He wanted to know when to quit something. He described how he’d been playing an online game with people for some time. It hadn’t been very fun lately, but there was always that small chance of a reward (upgraded equipment, etc). I inquired further about his relationship with the players and his gains from the game. I then discussed the sunk cost dilemma, a concept I studied in advanced school due to its personal impact. In high school, I applied to five universities, planning to choose the cheapest one. SUU offered the best scholarship, and after paying a $100 commitment fee, I heard back from another school with an even better scholarship. Despite the new offer, I stayed committed to SUU, believing that switching schools, even if it meant acknowledging the “wasted” $ 100, would have been the wiser financial choice. A rational (理性的) decision maker is not ruled by past investments, but weighs future outcomes. I didn’t focus on future outcomes when weighing colleges. I focused on the money I sunk into SUU. Rather than evaluating future career options, I focused on the fact that I’d already taken elementary education courses. I’m not the only one that’s fallen prey to this. I wear clothes I dislike simply because I spent money on them (and that money won’t come back). Unhealthy relationships last because of the invested time (leading to more unhappy years). However, time, effort, or money that you’ve invested doesn’t mean you should continue. Society often stresses perseverance — never quit, never give up, don’t waste. However, only you know your right path. Walking away can be the toughest choice. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. 1．Why does the author introduce a distance runner’s image at first? A．To make a contrast. B．To give a definition. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To illustrate a theory. 2．What is the common characteristic of a rational decision maker? A．Following suit as most people. B．Taking elementary education. C．Valuing the development in future. D．Overlooking past investments. 3．What does the underlined idiom “fallen prey to” mean in the last paragraph? A．Get benefits from. B．Be harmed by. C．Be interested in. D．Get rid of. 4．Which is the best title of the text? A．Perseverance is a virtue B．The chosen path is the toughest C．Cut your losses for your winners D．Walking away means losing all 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，本文主要讨论了在决策时如何理性地考虑放弃，而不是盲目地坚持。作者通过个人经历和身边的例子，讨论了沉没成本谬误对决策的影响，并强调了决策时应当关注未来的收益而非过去的投入。 【详解】1．推理判断题。第一段中“I came across an image recently of a distance runner with a message that told readers to persevere (坚持) at all costs.(最近，我看到了一张长跑运动员的照片，上面写着一句话，告诉读者要不惜一切代价坚持下去)”作者引用跑步者的形象并提出“坚持到底”的信息是为了与文章中讨论的主题形成对比，即有时放弃是更合理的选择。因此，A项“为了形成对比”是正确答案。故选A。 2．细节理解题。第三段中“A rational (理性的) decision maker is not ruled by past investments, but weighs future outcomes.(理性的决策者不会被过去的投资所左右，而是权衡未来的结果)”指出他们不会受过去投资的影响，而是会权衡未来的结果。因此，C项“重视未来的发展”是正确答案。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。下文“I wear clothes I dislike simply because I spent money on them (and that money won’t come back). Unhealthy relationships last be- cause of the invested time (leading to more unhappy years).(我穿我不喜欢的衣服只是因为我花钱买的（而且这些钱不会再回来了）。不健康的关系之所以能持续下去，是因为投入了时间（导致更不快乐的岁月）”作者提到人们因为已经投入了时间、金钱或努力，即使不喜欢，也会继续穿一些衣服，或者维持不健康的关系。这表明“fall prey to”指的是受到某种事情的不良影响，因此B项“被……害”是正确答案。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Society often stresses perseverance — never quit, never give up, don’t waste. However, only you know your right path. Walking away can be the toughest choice. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was.(社会经常强调毅力——永不放弃，永不放弃，不浪费。然而，只有你自己知道正确的道路。离开可能是最艰难的选择。你可能会意识到你所走的道路不再是正确的，或者从来就不是)”可知，全文通过作者个人的例子以及对沉没成本谬误的讨论，指出了在合适的时候割舍损失的智慧，而不是盲目坚持。因此，C项“及时割舍损失是明智的”最能概括文章的中心思想。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末） Moments before heading to teach a class, I received a call from my sister: My mother was going into emergency surgery and might not make it through the night. Five minutes later, I stepped in front of 68 MBA students to lecture without missing a beat, and even stayed a few minutes after to answer questions. I held strong until. I got in the car to drive home. That’s when I fell to pieces. I fought to see the road through my tears as I spoke with my travel agent to book the next flight out. My mother pulled through the surgery. My response to my mother’s crisis was in line with my deep, long-term fear of showing weakness or admitting to feeling overwhelmed. As the youngest daughter from a Vietnamese refugee family, showcasing my strength seemed the best way to honor my parents’ and siblings’s acrifices that have given me a better life in the United States. I did not want colleagues to question my capabilities or friends and family to see me as anything less than unshakable. The truth was, I desired to pause, to catch my breath, to simply say, “I’m struggling.” I longed to be weak. I wanted to acknowledge my mistakes, to honor a range of emotions, and to ask for help. Cautiously, I began to reveal some of my struggles to my personal and professional circles, watching closely for reactions. Some looked down on my experience. To my great relief, a few listened without judgment and respected my boundaries and coping process. They offered information about counseling services, legal help, support groups, and hotlines. They helped me see that even professionals in leadership positions can need support. To anyone bearing the weight of constant strength, hear this: True strength isn’t about never hesitating. It’s about having the courage to admit when we’re struggling, reaching out for support, and having the strength to piece ourselves back together and move on. 1．What did the author do after hanging up the phone? A．She drove to look after her mother. B．She quickly booked a flight ticket. C．She hesitated to start her teaching. D．She kept calm and stayed on duty. 2．Why did the author showcase her strength? A．To help her mother make a full recovery. B．To prove she lived a good and happy life. C．To avoid possible doubts over her abilities. D．To give herself an advantage in promotion. 3．How did some people help the author? A．By persuading her to win leaders’ support. B．By convincing her seeking help is a must. C．By listening to her and giving judgments. D．By sharing similar experiences with her. 4．What does the author want to convey in the text? A．Strength does not mean hiding struggles. B．Strength gives us more courage to grow. C．Comparing yourself with others is harmful. D．Worldly labels block personal development. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者在母亲突发手术时仍坚持授课，害怕展现脆弱；随后开始尝试向他人袒露自己的挣扎，得到一些人的理解和支持，认识到真正的强大是勇于寻求帮助并重新站起来。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Moments before heading to teach a class, I received a call from my sister: My mother was going into emergency surgery and might not make it through the night. Five minutes later, I stepped in front of 68 MBA students to lecture without missing a beat, and even stayed a few minutes after to answer questions.(就在我准备去上课之前，我接到了姐姐的电话：我母亲要做紧急手术，可能熬不过今晚了。五分钟后，我站在68名MBA学生面前讲课，没有丝毫停顿，甚至课后还留了几分钟回答问题)”可知，作者挂掉电话后，保持冷静并继续履行职责。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As the youngest daughter from a Vietnamese refugee family, showcasing my strength seemed the best way to honor my parents’ and siblings’s acrifices that have given me a better life in the United States. I did not want colleagues to question my capabilities or friends and family to see me as anything less than unshakable.(作为一个越南难民家庭的小女儿，展示我的力量似乎是向父母和兄弟姐妹们致敬的最好方式，他们的牺牲让我在美国过上了更好的生活。我不想让同事质疑我的能力，也不想让朋友和家人觉得我不够坚定)”可知，作者展示自己的力量是为了避免他人对自己能力产生怀疑。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They offered information about counseling services, legal help, support groups, and hotlines. They helped me see that even professionals in leadership positions can need support.(他们提供有关咨询服务、法律帮助、支持团体和热线的信息。他们帮助我认识到，即使是处于领导地位的专业人士也需要帮助)”可知，一些人让作者意识到即使是处于领导地位的专业人士也需要帮助，说明他们让作者明白了寻求帮助是必须做的事情。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“True strength isn’t about never hesitating. It’s about having the courage to admit when we’re struggling, reaching out for support, and having the strength to piece ourselves back together and move on.(真正的坚强不是从不犹豫。而是有勇气承认自己正在挣扎，寻求帮助，并有力量重新振作起来继续前进)”可知，作者认为有勇气承认自己的挣扎、寻求帮助并重新振作才是真正的坚强，作者想传达的是坚强并不意味着掩饰挣扎。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·期末） When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success. Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well. This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones for success. 1．According to the passage, winners . A．blame themselves rather than others B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives C．have responsible and able colleagues D．deal with problems rather than blame others 2．The underlined word remedyin Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A．improve B．accept C．avoid D．consider 3．When problems occur, winners take them as ______. A．excuses for their failures B．chances for self-development C．challenges to their colleagues D．barriers to greater power 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Winner’s Opportunity. B．A Winner’s Problem. C．A Winner’s Secret. D．A Winner’s Achievement. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要论述了成功者怎样面对出现的问题。当生活出现不如意的事情时，很多时候我们倾向于抱怨，责怪别人，而不是努力去弥补过失和改变现状，而成功人士则在出现问题的时候，经常关注在采取补救措施上面。文章指出做一个成功者就是无论在任何事情发生的时候，积极运用技巧和才能，成功人士往往把困难看成是提升能力的机会和挑战，因此面对问题时，他们更加容易克服困难。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner's key to success.可知，然而，你有能力克服发生在你身上的事情，如果你停止关心应该责备谁，而开始注意怎么补救这种境况。这就是成功人士成功的钥匙。可知成功的人处理问题而不是责备他人。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据本句However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation.可知，然而，你有能力克服发生在你身上的事情，如果你停止关心应该责备谁，而开始注意怎么补救这种境况。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，在第1段中划线的“remedy”一词的意义最接近是improve“ 改进，改善”。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents可知，成功者更善于把这些问题看作是发展自己才能的挑战和机遇。所以成功人士把出现的问题看成是自我发展的机会，故选B正确。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要论述的就是很多人在面对失败的时候，总是在责备别人，而不是寻找自己的错误，这正是成功人士的最大的差别。成功的人总是在寻找解决问题的方法，而不是去怪罪别人。所以本文的最佳标题是“ 成功者的秘密”。故C正确。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·辽宁·期末） The number of children being educated at home has been growing for the past few decades. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reported that by the last count, in 2019, nearly 3% of U.S. children — 1.5 million — were being homeschooled. This number is surely an undercount because the homeschooling population is very hard to survey. Eleven states do not require parents to inform anyone that they are homeschooling a child, and in most of the country, once a child has exited the traditional schoolroom environment, no one checks to ensure they are receiving an education at all. When a traditional classroom setting cannot meet the educational, social or emotional needs of a child, homeschooling can allow parents to take over. However, many parents are attracted to homeschooling because they want to have more say in what their children learn and what they do not. Some children may not be receiving any instruction at all. Most states don’t require homeschooled kids to be assessed on specific topics the way their classroom-based peers are. This practice enables educational neglect (忽视) that can have long-lasting consequences for a child’s development. Homeschooling advocacy organizations promote studies that claim to show equal or higher levels of academic achievement among homeschooled students, but these studies are often conducted by homeschooling advocates. It’s difficult for social scientists to recruit (招募) representative samples for more strict research because of loose reporting requirements and the underground nature of homeschooling. Still, studies of different homeschooled populations have shown that children’s success depends heavily on their parents’ educational backgrounds. Despite this, in 40 states, parents do not need to have even a high school-level education to educate their children at home. Children deserve a safe and sound education, even though they are educated at home. The government must develop basic standards for safety and quality of education in homeschooling. For example, homeschooling parents could be required to pass an initial background check. Homeschooling instructors could be required to submit documents every year to their local school district or to a state agency to show that their children are learning. 1．Why is the number of homeschooled children likely undercounted? A．Homeschooling isn’t popular in cities. B．Homeschooling is illegal in some states. C．Many parents don’t report homeschooling. D．The government’s survey methods are outdated. 2．What is one reason parents might choose homeschooling for their children? A．To reduce the cost of education. B．To avoid government regulations. C．To ensure their children receive standardized testing. D．To have more control over their children’s education. 3．Which of the following is a major concern about homeschooling? A．Homeschooled children lack family care. B．Parents may fail to provide any formal education. C．Governments are over-regulating it. D．It requires expensive teaching materials. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Future of Education B．The Benefits of Homeschooling C．The Popularity of Homeschooling in the U.S. D．The Challenges and Regulation of Homeschooling 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了美国家庭教育的增长趋势、面临的挑战以及监管的必要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This number is surely an undercount because the homeschooling population is very hard to survey. Eleven states do not require parents to inform anyone that they are homeschooling a child, and in most of the country, once a child has exited the traditional schoolroom environment, no one checks to ensure they are receiving an education at all.(这个数字肯定被低估了，因为在家接受教育的孩子很难调查。有11个州不要求父母通知任何人他们正在家教育孩子，而且在该国的大部分地区，一旦孩子离开了传统的教室环境，就没有人会检查他们是否真的在接受教育)”可知，在家接受教育的孩子的数量可能被低估了，是因为许多父母不报告在家教育孩子的情况。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, many parents are attracted to homeschooling because they want to have more say in what their children learn and what they do not.(然而，许多家长被在家教育所吸引，因为他们想对孩子学什么和不学什么有更多的发言权)”可知，父母选择让孩子在家接受教育的一个原因是对孩子的教育有更多的控制权。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Some children may not be receiving any instruction at all. Most states don’t require homeschooled kids to be assessed on specific topics the way their classroom-based peers are. This practice enables educational neglect (忽视) that can have long-lasting consequences for a child’s development.(有些孩子可能根本没有接受过任何教育。大多数州不要求在家接受教育的孩子像在教室上课的同龄人那样接受特定主题的评估。这种做法导致了教育忽视，可能对孩子的成长产生长期影响)”可知，在家接受教育的一个主要担忧是父母可能无法提供任何正规教育。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The number of children being educated at home has been growing for the past few decades.(在过去的几十年里，在家接受教育的孩子的数量一直在增长)”以及后文对在家接受教育可能存在的问题和监管建议的描述可知，文章主要讨论了在家接受教育的挑战和监管问题。所以D选项“The Challenges and Regulation of Homeschooling(在家接受教育的挑战和监管)”是最合适的标题。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） Does Fame Drive You Crazy? Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature! According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C．, painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold­out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film­stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 1．It can be learned from the passage that stars today ________. A．are often misunderstood by the public B．can no longer have their privacy protected C．spend too much on their public appearance D．care little about how they have come into fame 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired. B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. C．Well­-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. 3．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A．Availability of modern media. B．Inadequate social recognition. C．Lack of favorable chances. D．Huge population of fans. 4．What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity? A．Sincere. B．Sceptical. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【分析】本文是议论文。文章讲述的是成名给名人们的生活带来的影响，以及处理这些问题的方法，并依此引发读者思考。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives”他们是全世界关注的焦点，狗仔队在他们家外面扎营，小报上到处都是关于他们私人生活的惊悚故事。可知，他们的生活完全被媒体多报道，生活中的隐私已经处于了没有任何保护的状态了，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的中心句，即第一句“The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages”可知，该段落主要讲的是追踪名人已经有了很久的历史了，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever”可知，他们做任何事情都会被现代照相机、英特网等当代媒体捕捉到，因此，这些现代媒体让今天的人成为名人不容易，故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了很多名人受成名所累，失去了生活的隐私，失去了自我，变得孤独、变得被世界隔离，因此可以推断出作者对他们抱有同情的态度，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末） Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts. As a Radio l Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant drawbacks. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid. It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1．What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A．They boost the popularity of original songs. B．They decrease the consumption of short videos. C．They lead musicians to top official singles charts. D．They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2．From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A．It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B．It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C．It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D．It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3．What does the underlined word “erodes” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Tests out. B．Uses up. C．Wears away. D．Calls for. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the trend of speeding up content on social media? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Objective. D．Ambiguous. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体中加速播放内容的现象及其对艺术创作和观众耐心的负面影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes.(这一趋势在社交媒体平台上显而易见，尤其是在抖音和TikTok上，创作者将节奏提高了25-30%，以配合以舞蹈或其他主题为特色的热门短视频)”以及第二段中“These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts.(这些修改后的版本甚至将一些音乐家推上了官方单曲排行榜的榜首)”可知，加速版歌曲可能会让音乐人登上官方单曲排行榜榜首。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中““So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid.(一位Reddit用户评论道：“很多人都在节奏、灯光、时机和音乐方面费尽心思做了细致的设计，而把这一切都加速播放只会毁掉它。”另一位用户也提到，要是有人以这种方式消费内容，他们对这部电影或这首歌的看法是站不住脚的)”可知，从Reddit用户的角度来看，加速内容会破坏媒体作品并贬低消费者的观点。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience.(显然，这种方法削弱了创作者的努力，_____了人们的耐心)”可知，这种方法削弱了创作者的努力，并且对人们的耐心产生了负面影响，即逐渐削弱或磨损了人们的耐心，“erodes”与“破坏、削弱”意思相近，“Wears away(逐渐磨损)”符合语境。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work.(我们已经生活在一个快节奏的社会中，但我们仍然试图在各个方面加速它。急什么呢？有些事情不应该加速，比如我们对美和努力的耐心)”可推知，作者对社交媒体上加速内容的趋势持否定态度。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末） AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages. That is good news for travelers, bad news for soulful connection. Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pizza. As AI translation becomes a more popular labour-saving tool, people will divide into two groups. There will be those who want to challenge their minds, put themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. 1．What does the word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 2? A．Growing. B．Lasting. C．Declining. D．Challenging. 2．What is the underlined part “taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest” compared to? A．Using AI tools to do the translation. B．Doing the work that gives you satisfaction. C．Making effort to learn a new language. D．Studying a language aided by technology. 3．Which of the following will the “Others” in paragraph 4 agree with? A．People should stretch their minds in life. B．AI translation tools offer a good service. C．Extreme endurance sports are worth trying. D．Language learning builds deep connection. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Language learning benefits learners alone. B．Language learning is of value to human health. C．We should reflect on language learning methods. D．We should adopt a new angle on language learning. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了在人工智能可以降低学习外语的必要性这一议题上，一部分人充满担心，认为这会让一些重要的东西消失，有些人则因为没有对语言的需求而不那么担心。人工智能翻译的普及同时也会将人分化成两部分，一部分人会挑战自己继续学习语言，另一部分人则会选择不再学习。文章指出不应该仅从学习者的角度看待语言学习，其本身的内在价值更值得关注。 1．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句的上文“Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. (长期以来，旅行一直是学习的动力——除非人们开始觉得人工智能工具提供了足够好的服务)”可知，此处介绍人工智能工具对人们学习语言的动力的负面影响。由此推知，划线词所在句表示“一些人会担心应用程序正在把语言学习变成一种越来越少的追求”，dwindling意思应该是“越来越少的”，与declining意思一致。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? (作家Douglas Hofstadter认为，当人们通过机器交谈时，一些重要的东西将会消失。他描述了用普通话做一次犹豫的、困难的演讲，需要做很多工作，但最后会有一种成就感。谁会炫耀自己坐飞机登上了珠穆朗玛峰呢？)”可知，Douglas Hofstadter的描述突出了学习语言伴随着的挑战自我、战胜自我的成就感，但是人们通过机器交谈的话，就无法体会这种感觉。由此可知，“坐飞机登上了珠穆朗玛峰”就好比“使用人工智能工具进行翻译”，前者缺失的是参与登山带来的成就感，后者缺失的是参与语言学习带来的成就感。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” (其他人会带着钦佩和困惑看待学习一门新语言，就像他们看待极限耐力运动一样：‘如果你喜欢的话，对你来说很好，但对我来说有点痛苦。’)”可知，这一类人会认为学习一门新语言令人钦佩，但是不适合自己，没有必要尝试。由此可知，他们会同意“人工智能翻译工具提供了很好的服务”的观点。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. (但是，仅仅关注学习者就忽略了语言的基本社会性质。这有点像分析亲密关系对心脏健康的好处，但忽视了这些关系本身的内在价值。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用犹豫的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。当你的语言说得足够好，可以用完美的时机讲述一个故事，或者在一个论点上添加微妙的细微差别，这种联系就会更深。)”可知，我们不能仅关注学习者，语言本身的内在价值更值得关注，学习语言会加深我们与他人之间的联系。由此可知，我们应该从新的角度看待语言学习。故选D项 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） When I was 12, I disappeared into my bedroom with a $40 folk guitar and a book of Beatles songs. I had no musical gift, as a series of failed music lessons had told me: the lessons were merely dull. I felt sharp pain in my fingers as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz, and my left hand ached as I tried. Although I failed several times, I worked my way through ‘Rain’ and ‘Love Me Do’ and discovered the thrill of homemade musical harmony. The sense of happiness I felt that week has stayed with me. Fifty years later, I am still not a very good guitar player, but that week’s work and the years of self-directed practice on the instrument became a model for almost every meaningful thing I’ve done since. It gave me confidence that passion and patience can make one master any task. As graduates walk into the world, most think hard about what they might do with their lives. So it seems suitable now to talk about a distinction that I first recognized in that bedroom. It’s the difference between achievement and accomplishment. Achievement means completing the task imposed (强加于) from the outside. Accomplishment is the end point of a consuming activity we’ve chosen, whose reward is the sense of happiness that rises uniquely from absorption in a thing outside ourselves. As a parent now, I’ve seen the pure satisfaction of accomplishment arise in my own children. More than a decade ago, my then 12-year-old son, a boy crazy about Dai Vermon’s card tricks, found that the many hours he’d spent learning the Erdnase color change was not a necessarily rewarded act in eighth grade. I fought on his behalf to cut down on homework because homework was cutting into his magic. It turns out that the steps he has taken in life that led him eventually to take graduate degrees in philosophy began with his childhood passion for magic. The concentration and subtlety (敏锐) of mind required to master some knowledge of philosophy can be rooted more readily in Dai Vernon’s magic than in getting straight A’s. Self-directed accomplishment can become a foundation of our sense of self and of our sense of possibility. 1．What do we know about the 12-year-old author? A．He didn’t like music lessons. B．He left home with his guitar. C．He discovered his talent for music. D．He was injured while playing the guitar. 2．Why is accomplishment better than achievement according to the author? A．It is easier for graduates. B．It focuses on individuals. C．It brings you true happiness. D．It makes you more successful. 3．What was the author’s attitude to his son’s passion for magic? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Skeptical. D．Dismissive. 4．What does the author mainly want to convey in the text? A．Magic tricks might be the key to academic success. B．Accomplishment is more difficult than achievement. C．Your childhood interests can influence your future choices. D．Self-directed accomplishment is vital for personal growth. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者结合自身和儿子的经历，阐述了成就(achievement)和造诣(accomplishment)的区别，强调自我导向的造诣对个人成长至关重要。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When I was 12, I disappeared into my bedroom with a $40 folk guitar and a book of Beatles songs. I had no musical gift, as a series of failed music lessons had told me: the lessons were merely dull. (十二岁那年，我带着一把四十美元的民谣吉他和一本披头士歌谱躲进卧室。我并没有什么音乐天赋——此前一次次失败的音乐课早已证明了这点，只不过那些课程实在枯燥透顶。)”可知，12岁的作者觉得音乐课很枯燥，不喜欢音乐课程。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Achievement means completing the task imposed (强加于) from the outside. Accomplishment is the end point of a consuming activity we’ve chosen, whose reward is the sense of happiness that rises uniquely from absorption in a thing outside ourselves. (成就意味着完成外界强加的任务，而造诣则是我们主动选择的投入性活动的终点——其回报正是那种唯有忘我投入时才能获得的独特幸福感。)”可知，造诣能带来真正的幸福，这是它比成就更好的原因。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“More than a decade ago, my then 12-year-old son, a boy crazy about Dai Vermon’s card tricks, found that the many hours he’d spent learning the Erdnase color change was not a necessarily rewarded act in eighth grade. I fought on his behalf to cut down on homework because homework was cutting into his magic. (十多年前，我时年十二岁的儿子痴迷于戴·弗农的纸牌戏法。当他发现花无数小时练习的“厄德奈斯换牌术”在八年级根本得不到认可时，我主动为他争取减免作业，因为那些功课正在蚕食他的魔术梦想。)”可知，作者为了让儿子追逐魔术梦想，主动为他争取减免作业，说明作者支持儿子对魔术的热爱。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Self-directed accomplishment can become a foundation of our sense of self and of our sense of possibility. (自我导向的造诣可以成为我们自我认知和可能性认知的基础。)”可推知，作者结合自身和儿子的经历，说明了成就(achievement)和造诣(accomplishment)的区别，主要想传达的是自我导向的造诣对个人成长至关重要。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·辽宁朝阳·期末） Children are starting on digital devices at ever younger ages, and opinions on the effects of children's digital-media habits are deeply polarised.(两极分化的). Jean Twenge, a psychology professor, thinks excessive use of the internet and social media makes children lonely and depressed and poses serious risks to their physical and particularly their mental health, sometimes to the point of driving them to suicide. However, Daniel Kardefelt-Winther of the Innocenti research office of Unicef examined various evidence and found less cause for alarm than is often suggested.Most of the studies he examined seem to show that the technology helps children stay in touch with their friends and make new ones. The relationship between the use of digital technology and children's mental health, broadly speaking, appears to be u-shaped.Researchers have found that moderate use is beneficial, whereas either no use at all or extreme use could be harmful. What worries some experts more is that screens are becoming part of the middle-class armoury( 武器 ) for perpetuating( 巩固 ) social advantage.Children from well-off homes are enrolled in private classes to learn skills like "How to be a YouTuber", which poorer parents cannot afford. 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The disadvantages of overusing digital media. B．The bad effects of using digital media. C．Several bad impacts of using digital media. D．The advantages of overusing digital media. 2．What is Daniel Kardefelt-Winther’s attitude to the use of digital media? A．Objective B．Favorable C．Indifferent D．Uncertain 3．What can you infer from the last paragraph? A．Not all Children from rich homes can attend private classes B．Not all Children from poor homes can learn skills like“how to be a YouTuber”. C．Digital media is the only way of strengthening the middle-class. D．Digital media can widen class gap. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Should children interact with digital media ? B．Should parents allow their children interact with digital media? C．What children do to interact with digital devices. D．How children interact with digital devices. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【分析】本文属于议论文，介绍儿童使用智能设备的年龄越来越小，但是其影响有不同的观点。 1．主旨大意题。本段主要讲述长期使用智能设备，会让孩子感到孤独和抑郁，会造成长期的身体或心理影响，甚至导致儿童自杀，故可知本段讲述智能设备对儿童造成的不利影响，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段However, Daniel Kardefelt-Winther of the Innocenti research office of Unicef examined various evidence and found less cause for alarm than is often suggested. Most of the studies he examined seem to show that the technology helps children stay in touch with their friends and make new ones.可知，Daniel Kardefelt-Winther查看了不同的证据，发现造成的不利影响的原因更少，而他发现儿童使用科技来与朋友保持联系，以及结交新朋友，故可知此人对儿童使用电子设备的态度是支持的，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段What worries some experts more is that screens are becoming part of the middle-class armoury( 武器 ) for perpetuating( 巩固 ) social advantage.可知，让专家担忧的是，电子设备似乎正在成为中产阶级巩固其地位的一种武器，比如中产阶级会能够支付私教课程，比如怎样成为Youtube的网红，故可知，电子设备可能会扩大阶级差距，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。介绍儿童使用智能设备的年龄越来越小，但是其影响有不同的观点。有人认为会对孩子造成消极影响，但是有人认为会让孩子保持与朋友的联系甚至结交新朋友，故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解 议论文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·辽宁大连·期末） I was hanging out with my grandma the other day, and she was wrestling with a new video-calling app on her phone. She looked like she was trying to solve a mystery (谜) straight out of a Sherlock Holmes novel, but when she finally got it to work and chatted with her old friend, her face lit up like a Christmas tree. It made me wonder, though, what all this tech-use is doing to our brains, especially for the older folks. You know, people keep talking about “digital dementia (痴呆)”. Isn’t that wild? Too much time spent on such electronic devices can make us brain-dead. But get this — some new study says that’s not the case at all! Here’s the kicker: the study found that older folks who dive head first into using computers and smartphones are actually way less likely to have their brains go “offline”, like, you know, 58% less likely to experience mental decline. Can you believe it? It’s like finding out the secret to staying young forever were right there in our pockets all along. So, is “digital dementia” just a load of nonsense? It sure seems that way, I mean, think about it, every time grandma figures out a net v app or goes through a software update, she’s giving her brain a workout. Plus, staying connected through devices keeps her from feeling like she’s living in a movie where she’s the only person left on Earth. But hey, we’ve gotta be careful here. With all the-tech-magic out there, it’s easy to get lost in the “digital rabbit hole”. And let’s not forget, too much screen time can turn anyone into a bad-tempered cat, especially the younger folks. So, while it’s awesome that; tech can help older folks stay sharp and social, we should also make sure everyone uses it in a balanced way. After all, who wants to be a deadhead when you can be a tech expert instead? 1．Why did grandma’s face light up like a Christmas tree? A．She managed to shoot a video. B．She figured out a new device. C．She unlocked the use of a new app. D．She succeeded in solving a mystery. 2．What does the author think of the influence of new tech on older folks? A．It distracts them from real life. B．It worsens their digital dementia. C．It replaces their usual workout. D．It gives them a brain stretch. 3．What does the “digital rabbit hole” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The act of overusing digital devices. B．The habit of buying latest devices. C．The way to use new technology. D．The place to store digital data. 4．What is the author’s tone like in the text? A．Relaxing and reflective. B．Critical and pessimistic. C．Serious and academic. D．Angry and authoritative. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·内蒙古·期末） With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer. While it’s true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you’ll experience. Volunteering doesn’t have to involve a long-term commitment or take a huge amount of time out of your busy day. Giving in even simple ways can help those in need and improve your health and happiness. The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career. One of the well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community. Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference to the lives of people, animals, and organizations in need. And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills. Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts. Furthermore, one of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen existing relationships is to commit to a shared activity together. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It strengthens your ties to the community and broadens your support network, exposing you to people with common interests, neighborhood resources, and fun and fulfilling activities. 1．What does the author mean by saying “volunteering is a two-way street”? A．It needs your time and practice. B．It needs both courage and devotion. C．It benefits both givers and takers. D．It has both strengths and weaknesses. 2．What does the underlined word “momentum” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Determination. B．Motivation. C．Information. D．Experience. 3．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why volunteering is a must to your community. B．How volunteering is helpful for you to make friends. C．Why volunteering is beneficial to your mind and body. D．How volunteering is crucial for your future occupation. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Advantages of Volunteer Activities B．Volunteering and Your Friendship C．Puzzles in Doing Volunteer Activities D．Ways to Find People with Common Interests 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末） Last summer, my tech-fan cousin Alex bought an advanced self-driving car. One misty evening, as we drove on a narrow and winding cliff-side road, Alex, full of confidence, turned on the self-driving mode. At that time, I was nervous, holding the armrest tightly, while Alex casually scrolled (滚屏) through social media, completely ignoring the increasingly dangerous road conditions. Suddenly, a strong deer appeared in the headlights. At that critical moment, the car’s sensors, which had been failing unnoticed, went wrong. Instead of braking, the car sped towards the deer. Alex, realizing the danger at the last second, tried to reach for the steering wheel, but it was too late. The car crashed into the deer, and we were shaken hard. Surprisingly, the deer ran into the woods, unhurt. We sat in the damaged car, shocked. This accident made me reflect on technology’s issues. In healthcare, AI robots, sometimes, for speed, misread symptoms, causing incorrect diagnoses. In education, speed-focused AI graders may score essays by keywords, missing emotional depth in student stories-like a child writing of sadness, whose words become data, not cries for sympathy. In other words, AI prioritizes speed over correct diagnosis or students’ emotional expressions. Philosopher Sherry Turkle’s words make sense - “We’re sacrificing exactness and sympathy for efficiency.” But this doesn’t mean we should reject technology. We should use it carefully and wisely. Just like a compass helps a sailor but doesn’t replace his skills, technology should help our judgment, not take over. Doctors could use AI technology as an extra opinion, and compare it with their own knowledge. Teachers can use AI technology to analyze student data and adjust lessons with their own insights, and not to let algorithms (算法) control teaching. That night, standing by the broken car, I realized that technology, for all its power, depends on us. Over-reliance on it weakens our ability to adapt and think. In the end, we, not machines, should shape the future. 1．How did the author feel during the drive before the accident? A．Anxious. B．Tired. C．Curious. D．Dizzy. 2．What resulted in the accident of the self-driving car? A．The author’s scream. B．The high speed of the deer. C．Alex’s bad physical conditions. D．The car’s sensor failure and Alex’s inattention. 3．What does the underlined word “sacrificing” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Taking on. B．Giving up. C．Focusing on. D．Making up. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．People will depend on AI more and more. B．AI technology is of significance in the future. C．People should use technology carefully and wisely. D．AI will take over humans some day. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） I came across an image recently of a distance runner with a message that told readers to persevere (坚持) at all costs. It reminded me of a conversation I had. My colleague’s teaching assistant was asking for my advice. He wanted to know when to quit something. He described how he’d been playing an online game with people for some time. It hadn’t been very fun lately, but there was always that small chance of a reward (upgraded equipment, etc). I inquired further about his relationship with the players and his gains from the game. I then discussed the sunk cost dilemma, a concept I studied in advanced school due to its personal impact. In high school, I applied to five universities, planning to choose the cheapest one. SUU offered the best scholarship, and after paying a $100 commitment fee, I heard back from another school with an even better scholarship. Despite the new offer, I stayed committed to SUU, believing that switching schools, even if it meant acknowledging the “wasted” $ 100, would have been the wiser financial choice. A rational (理性的) decision maker is not ruled by past investments, but weighs future outcomes. I didn’t focus on future outcomes when weighing colleges. I focused on the money I sunk into SUU. Rather than evaluating future career options, I focused on the fact that I’d already taken elementary education courses. I’m not the only one that’s fallen prey to this. I wear clothes I dislike simply because I spent money on them (and that money won’t come back). Unhealthy relationships last because of the invested time (leading to more unhappy years). However, time, effort, or money that you’ve invested doesn’t mean you should continue. Society often stresses perseverance — never quit, never give up, don’t waste. However, only you know your right path. Walking away can be the toughest choice. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. 1．Why does the author introduce a distance runner’s image at first? A．To make a contrast. B．To give a definition. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To illustrate a theory. 2．What is the common characteristic of a rational decision maker? A．Following suit as most people. B．Taking elementary education. C．Valuing the development in future. D．Overlooking past investments. 3．What does the underlined idiom “fallen prey to” mean in the last paragraph? A．Get benefits from. B．Be harmed by. C．Be interested in. D．Get rid of. 4．Which is the best title of the text? A．Perseverance is a virtue B．The chosen path is the toughest C．Cut your losses for your winners D．Walking away means losing all Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末） Moments before heading to teach a class, I received a call from my sister: My mother was going into emergency surgery and might not make it through the night. Five minutes later, I stepped in front of 68 MBA students to lecture without missing a beat, and even stayed a few minutes after to answer questions. I held strong until. I got in the car to drive home. That’s when I fell to pieces. I fought to see the road through my tears as I spoke with my travel agent to book the next flight out. My mother pulled through the surgery. My response to my mother’s crisis was in line with my deep, long-term fear of showing weakness or admitting to feeling overwhelmed. As the youngest daughter from a Vietnamese refugee family, showcasing my strength seemed the best way to honor my parents’ and siblings’s acrifices that have given me a better life in the United States. I did not want colleagues to question my capabilities or friends and family to see me as anything less than unshakable. The truth was, I desired to pause, to catch my breath, to simply say, “I’m struggling.” I longed to be weak. I wanted to acknowledge my mistakes, to honor a range of emotions, and to ask for help. Cautiously, I began to reveal some of my struggles to my personal and professional circles, watching closely for reactions. Some looked down on my experience. To my great relief, a few listened without judgment and respected my boundaries and coping process. They offered information about counseling services, legal help, support groups, and hotlines. They helped me see that even professionals in leadership positions can need support. To anyone bearing the weight of constant strength, hear this: True strength isn’t about never hesitating. It’s about having the courage to admit when we’re struggling, reaching out for support, and having the strength to piece ourselves back together and move on. 1．What did the author do after hanging up the phone? A．She drove to look after her mother. B．She quickly booked a flight ticket. C．She hesitated to start her teaching. D．She kept calm and stayed on duty. 2．Why did the author showcase her strength? A．To help her mother make a full recovery. B．To prove she lived a good and happy life. C．To avoid possible doubts over her abilities. D．To give herself an advantage in promotion. 3．How did some people help the author? A．By persuading her to win leaders’ support. B．By convincing her seeking help is a must. C．By listening to her and giving judgments. D．By sharing similar experiences with her. 4．What does the author want to convey in the text? A．Strength does not mean hiding struggles. B．Strength gives us more courage to grow. C．Comparing yourself with others is harmful. D．Worldly labels block personal development. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·期末） When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success. Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well. This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones for success. 1．According to the passage, winners . A．blame themselves rather than others B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives C．have responsible and able colleagues D．deal with problems rather than blame others 2．The underlined word remedyin Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A．improve B．accept C．avoid D．consider 3．When problems occur, winners take them as ______. A．excuses for their failures B．chances for self-development C．challenges to their colleagues D．barriers to greater power 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Winner’s Opportunity. B．A Winner’s Problem. C．A Winner’s Secret. D．A Winner’s Achievement. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·辽宁·期末） The number of children being educated at home has been growing for the past few decades. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reported that by the last count, in 2019, nearly 3% of U.S. children — 1.5 million — were being homeschooled. This number is surely an undercount because the homeschooling population is very hard to survey. Eleven states do not require parents to inform anyone that they are homeschooling a child, and in most of the country, once a child has exited the traditional schoolroom environment, no one checks to ensure they are receiving an education at all. When a traditional classroom setting cannot meet the educational, social or emotional needs of a child, homeschooling can allow parents to take over. However, many parents are attracted to homeschooling because they want to have more say in what their children learn and what they do not. Some children may not be receiving any instruction at all. Most states don’t require homeschooled kids to be assessed on specific topics the way their classroom-based peers are. This practice enables educational neglect (忽视) that can have long-lasting consequences for a child’s development. Homeschooling advocacy organizations promote studies that claim to show equal or higher levels of academic achievement among homeschooled students, but these studies are often conducted by homeschooling advocates. It’s difficult for social scientists to recruit (招募) representative samples for more strict research because of loose reporting requirements and the underground nature of homeschooling. Still, studies of different homeschooled populations have shown that children’s success depends heavily on their parents’ educational backgrounds. Despite this, in 40 states, parents do not need to have even a high school-level education to educate their children at home. Children deserve a safe and sound education, even though they are educated at home. The government must develop basic standards for safety and quality of education in homeschooling. For example, homeschooling parents could be required to pass an initial background check. Homeschooling instructors could be required to submit documents every year to their local school district or to a state agency to show that their children are learning. 1．Why is the number of homeschooled children likely undercounted? A．Homeschooling isn’t popular in cities. B．Homeschooling is illegal in some states. C．Many parents don’t report homeschooling. D．The government’s survey methods are outdated. 2．What is one reason parents might choose homeschooling for their children? A．To reduce the cost of education. B．To avoid government regulations. C．To ensure their children receive standardized testing. D．To have more control over their children’s education. 3．Which of the following is a major concern about homeschooling? A．Homeschooled children lack family care. B．Parents may fail to provide any formal education. C．Governments are over-regulating it. D．It requires expensive teaching materials. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Future of Education B．The Benefits of Homeschooling C．The Popularity of Homeschooling in the U.S. D．The Challenges and Regulation of Homeschooling Passage 2 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） Does Fame Drive You Crazy? Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature! According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C．, painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold­out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film­stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 1．It can be learned from the passage that stars today ________. A．are often misunderstood by the public B．can no longer have their privacy protected C．spend too much on their public appearance D．care little about how they have come into fame 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired. B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. C．Well­-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. 3．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A．Availability of modern media. B．Inadequate social recognition. C．Lack of favorable chances. D．Huge population of fans. 4．What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity? A．Sincere. B．Sceptical. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末） Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts. As a Radio l Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant drawbacks. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid. It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1．What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A．They boost the popularity of original songs. B．They decrease the consumption of short videos. C．They lead musicians to top official singles charts. D．They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2．From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A．It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B．It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C．It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D．It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3．What does the underlined word “erodes” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Tests out. B．Uses up. C．Wears away. D．Calls for. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the trend of speeding up content on social media? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Objective. D．Ambiguous. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末） AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages. That is good news for travelers, bad news for soulful connection. Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pizza. As AI translation becomes a more popular labour-saving tool, people will divide into two groups. There will be those who want to challenge their minds, put themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. 1．What does the word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 2? A．Growing. B．Lasting. C．Declining. D．Challenging. 2．What is the underlined part “taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest” compared to? A．Using AI tools to do the translation. B．Doing the work that gives you satisfaction. C．Making effort to learn a new language. D．Studying a language aided by technology. 3．Which of the following will the “Others” in paragraph 4 agree with? A．People should stretch their minds in life. B．AI translation tools offer a good service. C．Extreme endurance sports are worth trying. D．Language learning builds deep connection. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Language learning benefits learners alone. B．Language learning is of value to human health. C．We should reflect on language learning methods. D．We should adopt a new angle on language learning. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·黑龙江·期末） When I was 12, I disappeared into my bedroom with a $40 folk guitar and a book of Beatles songs. I had no musical gift, as a series of failed music lessons had told me: the lessons were merely dull. I felt sharp pain in my fingers as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz, and my left hand ached as I tried. Although I failed several times, I worked my way through ‘Rain’ and ‘Love Me Do’ and discovered the thrill of homemade musical harmony. The sense of happiness I felt that week has stayed with me. Fifty years later, I am still not a very good guitar player, but that week’s work and the years of self-directed practice on the instrument became a model for almost every meaningful thing I’ve done since. It gave me confidence that passion and patience can make one master any task. As graduates walk into the world, most think hard about what they might do with their lives. So it seems suitable now to talk about a distinction that I first recognized in that bedroom. It’s the difference between achievement and accomplishment. Achievement means completing the task imposed (强加于) from the outside. Accomplishment is the end point of a consuming activity we’ve chosen, whose reward is the sense of happiness that rises uniquely from absorption in a thing outside ourselves. As a parent now, I’ve seen the pure satisfaction of accomplishment arise in my own children. More than a decade ago, my then 12-year-old son, a boy crazy about Dai Vermon’s card tricks, found that the many hours he’d spent learning the Erdnase color change was not a necessarily rewarded act in eighth grade. I fought on his behalf to cut down on homework because homework was cutting into his magic. It turns out that the steps he has taken in life that led him eventually to take graduate degrees in philosophy began with his childhood passion for magic. The concentration and subtlety (敏锐) of mind required to master some knowledge of philosophy can be rooted more readily in Dai Vernon’s magic than in getting straight A’s. Self-directed accomplishment can become a foundation of our sense of self and of our sense of possibility. 1．What do we know about the 12-year-old author? A．He didn’t like music lessons. B．He left home with his guitar. C．He discovered his talent for music. D．He was injured while playing the guitar. 2．Why is accomplishment better than achievement according to the author? A．It is easier for graduates. B．It focuses on individuals. C．It brings you true happiness. D．It makes you more successful. 3．What was the author’s attitude to his son’s passion for magic? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Skeptical. D．Dismissive. 4．What does the author mainly want to convey in the text? A．Magic tricks might be the key to academic success. B．Accomplishment is more difficult than achievement. C．Your childhood interests can influence your future choices. D．Self-directed accomplishment is vital for personal growth. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·辽宁朝阳·期末） Children are starting on digital devices at ever younger ages, and opinions on the effects of children's digital-media habits are deeply polarised.(两极分化的). Jean Twenge, a psychology professor, thinks excessive use of the internet and social media makes children lonely and depressed and poses serious risks to their physical and particularly their mental health, sometimes to the point of driving them to suicide. However, Daniel Kardefelt-Winther of the Innocenti research office of Unicef examined various evidence and found less cause for alarm than is often suggested.Most of the studies he examined seem to show that the technology helps children stay in touch with their friends and make new ones. The relationship between the use of digital technology and children's mental health, broadly speaking, appears to be u-shaped.Researchers have found that moderate use is beneficial, whereas either no use at all or extreme use could be harmful. What worries some experts more is that screens are becoming part of the middle-class armoury( 武器 ) for perpetuating( 巩固 ) social advantage.Children from well-off homes are enrolled in private classes to learn skills like "How to be a YouTuber", which poorer parents cannot afford. 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The disadvantages of overusing digital media. B．The bad effects of using digital media. C．Several bad impacts of using digital media. D．The advantages of overusing digital media. 2．What is Daniel Kardefelt-Winther’s attitude to the use of digital media? A．Objective B．Favorable C．Indifferent D．Uncertain 3．What can you infer from the last paragraph? A．Not all Children from rich homes can attend private classes B．Not all Children from poor homes can learn skills like“how to be a YouTuber”. C．Digital media is the only way of strengthening the middle-class. D．Digital media can widen class gap. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Should children interact with digital media ? B．Should parents allow their children interact with digital media? C．What children do to interact with digital devices. D．How children interact with digital devices. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $