专题03 选择性必修第三册 Unit3～Unit 4 （期末复习讲义）高二英语下学期译林版

专题03 Units 3~4（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述健康、保护与科技影响的形容词（如 harmonious、influential、urgent、incredible、humble 的辨析与用法；convincing/convinced 的辨析与用法）。 2. 理解并运用重点动词短语与句型（如 allow for、sort out、on behalf of、wear down、pass on、take shape；cannot help but do、It is universally acknowledged that...、urge that... (should) do... 句型）。 3. 掌握核心名词的固定搭配（如 proof、comparison、division、cooperation、conservation、reserve、initiative、conflict、consultation、motion、vote 等的常用短语）。 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用以-ing/-ed结尾的形容词（如 convincing vs. convinced；promising vs. promised；以及理解 panicked、collapsed 等动词的过去分词作状语的用法）。 2. 在写作和完形中灵活运用抽象名词短语表达逻辑关系（如 in harmony with（与……和谐）、in comparison with（与……相比）、on the contrary（恰恰相反）、in cooperation with（与……合作）、in conflict with（与……冲突）、on behalf of（代表……）、in ruins（破败不堪））。 3. 近义动词的辨析（如 arise/rise/raise 的区别；assess/evaluate 的区别；preserve/conserve/reserve 的区别；collapse/fall 的区别；drag/pull 的区别；shift/change 的区别）。 考情规律 词汇运用：词汇运用： 侧重 名词（如 proof、comparison、division、cooperation、conservation、reserve、initiative、expansion、entry、conflict、consultation） 在具体语境中的词义选择与介词搭配，以及 动词（如 specialize、convince、dismiss、insist、facilitate、assess、preserve、pursue、emerge、assign、ban、submit） 与介词的固定搭配（specialize in、convince sb. of/to do、insist on、assess sth. at、preserve...from、ban sb. from doing、submit to）。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及 cannot help but do、It is universally acknowledged that...、urge that... (should) do... 的句型转换；以及 in all its splendour、in awe、without reservation、on one‘s own initiative、in motion、in good shape、wear and tear 等短语在翻译中的运用。 Unit 3　Back to the past 知识点1 breadth n．宽度；广泛 派生词：broad adj.宽阔的；broadly adv.大体上；broaden v．变宽；扩大 1. breadth of vision 远见卓识 A leader needs breadth of vision to guide the team. 领导者需要有远见卓识来带领团队。 2. a broad range of products 各种各样的产品 The store offers a broad range of products. 这家商店提供各种各样的产品。 3. broadly speaking 大体上说 Broadly speaking, I agree with you. 大体上说，我同意你的看法。 4. broaden one's horizons 拓宽某人的视野 Traveling can broaden your horizons. 旅行可以拓宽你的视野。 O'Connell Bridge in Dublin is famous for being ________ (broad) than it is long. 句意：都柏林的奥康奈尔桥以宽度大于长度而闻名。than提示用比较级，broad的比较级为broader，故填broader。 知识点2 convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 派生词：convinced adj.确信的；convincing adj.有说服力的 1. convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 I convinced him of her honesty. 我使他相信她是诚实的。 2. convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直劝他去看病。 3. be convinced that... 确信…… I am convinced that he is telling the truth. 我确信他在说实话。 4. convincing evidence 有力的证据 There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes cancer. 现在有令人信服的证据表明吸烟致癌。 Oscar convinced the manager ________ (look) in the record of advance ticket sales. 句意：奥斯卡说服经理查看预售票记录。convince sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，故填to look。 知识点3 harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 派生词：harmoniously adv.融洽地；harmony n．融洽，和睦 1. harmonious relations 关系融洽 We should maintain harmonious relations with our neighbors. 我们应与邻居保持融洽的关系。 2. in harmony with 与……协调 Humans should live in harmony with nature. 人类应与自然和谐共处。 3. live together in perfect harmony 十分和睦地一起生活 The two communities live together in perfect harmony. 两个社区十分和睦地一起生活。 The only way for us to survive is to live in harmony ________ nature. 句意：我们生存的唯一方式是与自然和谐共处。in harmony with为固定搭配，意为“与……和谐”，故填with。 知识点4 dismiss vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 1. dismiss sth. from one's mind 拒绝考虑某事 Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind. 把这些想法从你脑子里清除出去。 2. dismiss sth./sb. as... 把某事/某人当作……不予理会 I think he dismissed me as an idiot. 我觉得他把我看作白痴而不予理会。 3. dismiss sb. from sth. 把某人从……解雇 He was dismissed from the company for incompetence. 他因能力不足被公司解雇。 试题： With the current economic crisis, he ________ (dismiss) from the company for incompetence last month. 句意：由于当前的经济危机，他上个月因能力不足被公司解雇。he与dismiss之间为被动关系，且时间状语last month提示用一般过去时，故填was dismissed。 知识点5 proof n．证据，证明 1. proof of... ……的证据 Do you have any proof of your identity? 你有身份证明吗？ 2. There is proof that... 有证据证明…… There is now proof that giant squid do exist. 现在有证据证明巨型乌贼确实存在。 点拨：-proof作为后缀意为“防……的”，如waterproof防水的。 Do they have any proof ________ it was Hampson who stole the goods? 句意：他们有证据证明是汉普森偷了货物吗？proof后接that引导的同位语从句，说明proof的具体内容，故填that。 知识点6 influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的 派生词：influence n. & vt.影响 1. be influential in... 在……方面有影响力 He was influential in shaping economic policy. 他在制定经济政策方面很有影响力。 2. have an influence on 对……有影响 Many other medications have an influence on cholesterol levels. 许多其他药物对胆固醇水平有影响。 3. under the influence of 在……的影响下 Under the influence of the new economic situation, changes take place. 在新经济形势的影响下，发生了变化。 What exactly is the influence of television ________ children? 句意：电视对儿童的真正影响是什么？have an influence on为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”，故填on。 知识点7 insist vi. & vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 派生词：insistence n．坚决要求 1. insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持/执意做某事 She insisted on telling me every detail. 她坚持把每个细节都告诉我。 2. insist that...（坚持要求）从句用虚拟语气(should) do His family insisted that he (should) be given a proper burial. 家人坚持要给他一个体面的葬礼。 3. insist that...（坚持说）从句用陈述语气 He insisted that the mineral content of the water determined the opacity. 他坚持认为水的矿物质含量决定了其不透明度。 Tom's parents insisted that the teacher ________ (inform) them of any progress Tom made. 句意：汤姆的父母坚持要求老师告知他们汤姆取得的任何进步。insist表示“坚持要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语为(should)+动词原形，故填(should) inform。 知识点8 depart vi. & vt.离开，起程 派生词：departure n．离开；起程 1. depart for 出发去…… Sam will depart for Japan tomorrow. 萨姆明天将动身去日本。 2. depart from 从……离开；背离，违反 Lipton is planning to depart from the company he founded. 利普顿正计划离开他创办的公司。 3. one's departure from 某人从……离开 They had received no news of him since his departure from the island. 自从他离开该岛后，他们就没有得到过他的消息。 The train now ________ (depart) from Platform 13 is the 10:35 to Glasgow. 句意：现在正从13站台离开的是10:35开往格拉斯哥的火车。train与depart之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填departing。 知识点9 panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi. & vt.(panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌 1. in (a) panic 惊慌地，在惊慌中 Office workers fled in panic as the fire took hold. 火势起来时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。 2. get into a panic 陷入恐慌 She got into a panic about her exam. 她对考试感到恐慌。 3. panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促做某事 Rumours of war panicked many investors into selling their shares. 战争的谣言使许多投资者惊慌抛售股票。 Guests ________ (panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded. 句意：炸弹爆炸时，客人们惊慌失措地尖叫起来。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，panic的过去式为panicked，故填panicked。 知识点10 facilitate vt.使便利，促进 派生词：facilitation n．便利；facility n．设施 1. facilitate economic growth 促进经济发展 The new airport will facilitate economic growth. 新机场将促进经济发展。 2. facilitate mutual understanding 促进相互理解 Learning a language can facilitate mutual understanding. 学习语言可以促进相互理解。 3. public facilities 公共设施 The city needs to improve its public facilities. 这个城市需要改善公共设施。 Modern inventions have greatly ________ (facilitate) housework. 句意：现代发明极大地便利了家务劳动。have提示现在完成时，facilitate的过去分词为facilitated，故填facilitated。 知识点11 available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的 派生词：availability n．可用性 1. be available to sb. 对某人来说是可使用的 Such information will be readily available to us. 此类信息我们可以轻松获得。 2. be available to do sth. 可供使用做某事 There were no tickets available for the performance. 演出的票买不到了。 3. be available for 可用于 Cold drinks will be available at the sports center. 运动中心将有冷饮供应。 In the 1940s, electricity ________________________ (可供……使用) people in almost all areas of the United States. 句意：在20世纪40年代，美国几乎所有地区的人们都能用上电。“可供……使用”可用be available to，故填was available to。 知识点12 comparison n．对比；比较 派生词：compare vt.对比；comparable adj.可比较的 1. make a comparison 作比较 It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book. 很难和她以前的书作比较。 2. by/in comparison with 与……相比 In comparison with the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects. 与之前的研究相比，新的研究扩大了研究对象。 3. by comparison 相比之下 By comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying emotions. 相比之下，美国人通常坦率地表达情感。 4. compared to/with 与……相比 Compared to when we were at school, children learn more interesting things now. 与我们上学时相比，现在的孩子学的东西更有趣。 ________ comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying both positive and negative emotions. 句意：相比之下，美国人通常坦率地表达积极和消极情绪。by comparison为固定搭配，意为“相比之下”，故填By。 知识点13 pack vt. & vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾(行李) n．包，包裹 1. pack into... 挤进……里面 People packed into the square. 人们挤进了广场。 2. be packed with... 挤满……，塞满…… His room was packed with gifts. 他的房间里塞满了礼物。 3. pack sth. away 将某物收拾好 Once a friend and I packed away some sandwiches for an outing. 有一次我和一个朋友收拾了一些三明治去郊游。 4. a pack of 一包/一群 A pack of ice was put on my forehead. 一包冰块被放在我的额头上。 On his birthday last week, his room ________ (pack) with fruit, flowers, and gifts given by his friends. 句意：上周他生日时，房间里塞满了朋友送的水果、鲜花和礼物。be packed with为固定搭配，意为“塞满”，描述过去状态用一般过去时，故填was packed。 知识点14 contrary adj.相反的，相对立的 n. the contrary相反的事实 1. (be) contrary to 与……相反 Their opinion is contrary to mine. 他们的观点与我的相反。 2. on the contrary 恰恰相反 —I thought the film was exciting. “我以为电影很刺激。” —On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep. “恰恰相反，我差点睡着了。” 3. evidence to the contrary 相反的证据 Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we have no choice but to believe him. 除非有相反的证据，否则我们只能相信他。 For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance, but we now have evidence ________ the contrary. 句意：长期以来它被认为是一种无害物质，但我们现在有相反的证据。to the contrary为固定搭配，意为“相反地”，故填to。 知识点15 meanwhile adv.同时；其间；对比之下 n.其间，其时 1. in the meanwhile/meantime 在此期间 Please find a taxi, and in the meanwhile I'll pack some food. 你去叫辆出租车，趁这工夫我打包点吃的。 2. for the meanwhile 暂时 We need some new curtains, but these will do for the meanwhile. 我们需要一些新窗帘，但这些暂时还可以用。 试题： I hope to go to medical school eventually. ________ (在此期间), I am going to study chemistry. 句意：我希望最终能上医学院。在此期间，我打算学化学。“在此期间”可用in the meanwhile，故填In the meanwhile。 知识点16 drag vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动；过得很慢 1. drag sth. over to 把某物拖到…… I dragged my chair over to the window. 我把椅子拖到了窗边。 2. drag oneself out of bed 费力地起床 I managed to drag myself out of bed. 我费力地起了床。 3. drag on 拖得太长 The second half of the movie dragged on. 电影的后半部分拖沓冗长。 Pick the chair up instead of ________ (drag) it behind you! 句意：把椅子拿起来，别在身后拖！介词of后接动名词作宾语，故填dragging。 知识点17 sink vi. & vt.(sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 1. sink into a chair 颓然倒在椅子里 She let out a sigh and sank into a chair. 她叹了口气，颓然倒在椅子里。 2. sink to the bottom of 沉到……的底部 The Titanic sank to the bottom of the ocean in 1912. 泰坦尼克号于1912年沉入海底。 3. sink to a new low 降到新低 House prices have sunk to a new low. 房价已降到新低。 It is clear that house prices have ________ (sink) to a new low. 句意：很明显房价已经降到了新低。have提示现在完成时，sink的过去分词为sunk，故填sunk。 知识点18 pray vi. & vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告 派生词：prayer n．祈祷；祈祷文 1. pray for... 祈祷……；企盼…… I'm just praying for somebody in Congress to do something. 我只是祈祷国会里有人能采取行动。 2. pray to do sth. 祈求做某事 He spent his time in prison praying and studying. 他在狱中把时间用于祈祷和学习。 3. pray that... 祈祷…… During the Spring Festival, some people pray for happiness, wealth and health. 春节期间，一些人祈求幸福、财富和健康。 During the Spring Festival, some people would visit temples to pray ________ happiness, wealth and health. 句意：春节期间，一些人会去寺庙祈求幸福、财富和健康。pray for为固定搭配，意为“祈求”，故填for。 知识点19 reform vt.改进，改良，改革；悔改 n．改革，改良 1. need to be reformed 需要进行改革 The benefits system needs to be reformed. 福利制度需要改革。 2. reform and opening-up 改革开放 Since reform and opening-up, China has made great progress. 改革开放以来，中国取得了巨大进步。 3. a major reform 重大的改革 The government is in the process of reforming the system. 政府正在改革该制度。 In my opinion, some ________ (reform) of the system are necessary. 句意：在我看来，对该制度进行一些改革是有必要的。some后接可数名词复数，reform意为“改革”时为可数名词，故填reforms。 知识点20 shift n．改变，转移；轮班 vi. & vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 1. a shift in sth. 某方面的转变 There has been a dramatic shift in public opinion. 公众舆论发生了巨大转变。 2. on the day/night shift 上白班/夜班 He is on the night shift at the factory. 他在工厂上夜班。 3. shift...from...to... 把……从……转移…… Tom's parents hoped to shift his attention away from computer games. 汤姆的父母希望把他的注意力从电脑游戏上转移开。 Joe listened, ________ (shift) uncomfortably from one foot to another. 句意：乔听着，不自在地把重心从一只脚移到另一只脚。Joe与shift之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，故填shifting。 知识点21 load n．负载；承载量；大量 vt.& vi．装上，装入 1. a load of/loads of 许多 The trucks waited to pick up their loads. 货车等着装载货物。 2. load...with.../be loaded with 用……装…… Thirty-six trucks were loaded with dried milk and bandages. 36辆卡车装满了奶粉和绷带。 3. take a load off one's mind 卸下心中重担 Hearing the good news took a load off my mind. 听到这个好消息让我如释重负。 Thirty-six trucks were loaded ________ some 100 tons of dried milk and bandages. 句意：36辆卡车装满了约100吨奶粉和绷带。be loaded with为固定搭配，意为“装满”，故填with。 知识点22 strengthen vt.& vi．加强，增强 派生词：strength n．力气；强项 1. build up one's strength 增强体力 It may take a few weeks to build up your strength again. 可能需要几周时间才能再次增强体力。 2. strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 We should be aware of our strengths and weaknesses. 我们应该了解自己的优点和缺点。 3. have the strength to do sth. 有做某事的力气 I knew I would have the strength to go on. 我知道我会有力气继续下去。 It may take a few weeks for you to build up your ________ (strong) again. 句意：你可能需要几周时间才能再次增强体力。形容词性物主代词your后应用名词，strong的名词形式为strength，意为“体力”，故填strength。 知识点23 acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 派生词：acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 1. acknowledge that... 承认…… Do you acknowledge that you've been wrong? 你承认你错了吗？ 2. acknowledge doing/having done 承认做过…… He acknowledged having been defeated at last. 他最后承认被打败了。 3. acknowledge...as/to be... 认为……是…… He is acknowledged as one of the best basketball players. 他被公认为最优秀的篮球运动员之一。 4. It is universally acknowledged that... 大家公认…… It is universally acknowledged that education is important. 大家公认教育很重要。 He is acknowledged ________ one of the best basketball players in the world. 句意：他被公认为世界上最优秀的篮球运动员之一。acknowledge...as...为固定搭配，意为“认为……是……”，故填as。 知识点24 adopt vt.收养；采用，采纳 派生词：adopted adj.收养的；adoption n．收养，采用 1. adopt a(n)… approach to... 对……采取……方法 The school adopted a new approach to teaching. 学校采用了新的教学方法。 2. an adopted son/daughter 养子/养女 They have an adopted son. 他们有一个养子。 The couple decided to ________ (adopt) a child because they couldn't have their own. 句意：这对夫妇决定收养一个孩子，因为他们不能生育。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，adopt意为“收养”，故填adopt。 知识点25 hatch n．舱口；孵化 vt.策划；孵 1. hatch a plot/plan 策划阴谋/计划 The thieves hatched a plan to rob the bank. 窃贼策划了一个抢劫银行的计划。 2. hatch sth. up 策划某事；密谋 They hatched up a deal to share the profits. 他们密谋达成了一项分享利润的交易。 The birds ________ (hatch) their eggs in the spring. 句意：鸟儿们在春天孵蛋。描述一般情况用一般现在时，主语The birds为复数，故填hatch。 知识点26 allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 1. allow for your age 考虑到你的年龄 We have to allow for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule. 我们必须考虑到可能无法按时完成的可能性。 2. allow sb./sth. to do sth. 允许某人/某物做某事 Our English teacher allows for different kinds of interactions in class. 我们的英语老师允许课堂上有各种各样的互动。 You should allow for the plane ________ (delay). 句意：你应该考虑到飞机可能晚点。allow for后接名词或动名词，故填being delayed/delay。 知识点27 on behalf of 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 1. on behalf of sb./on sb.'s behalf 代表某人 On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. 我谨代表我校向您表示热烈欢迎。 2. stand for 代表，象征 What does the symbol stand for? 这个符号代表什么？ Ann asked the doctor to speak to her parents ________ her behalf. 句意：安请医生替她和她的父母谈谈。on one's behalf为固定搭配，意为“代表某人”，故填on。 知识点28 sort out 理顺，整理；把……安排好；分类，挑出 1. sort out the problems 解决问题 He decided to sort out her life for her. 他决定帮她理顺生活。 2. sort...by size 把……按大小分类 The eggs are sorted by size. 鸡蛋按大小分类。 3. all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的 After supper, we would play card games of all sorts. 晚饭后我们会玩各种纸牌游戏。 The eggs are sorted ________ size. 句意：鸡蛋按大小分类。sort by意为“按……分类”，故填by。 Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites 知识点1 awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏 n．敬畏，惊叹 派生词：awed adj.敬畏的；awesome adj.令人惊叹的；awful adj.极讨厌的 1. in awe 惊叹地；敬畏地 They gazed in awe at the small mountain of diamonds. 他们敬畏地凝视着小山般的钻石。 2. be/stand in awe of 对……敬畏 Everyone was in awe of the military parade on the National Day. 每个人都对国庆阅兵感到敬畏。 3. fill sb. with awe 让某人敬畏 I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe. 我敬佩我的父亲，他的工作让我敬畏。 4. an awesome sight 惊人的奇观 This is an awesome question, because it's so true to life. 这是个很棒的问题，因为它如此贴近生活。 They gazed ________ awe at the small mountain of diamonds. 句意：他们敬畏地凝视着小山般的钻石。in awe为固定搭配，意为“敬畏地”，故填in。 知识点2 preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 派生词：preservation n．保护；保存 1. preserve...from (doing) sth. 保护……免受…… They were determined to preserve their leader from attacks. 他们决心保护他们的领导人免受攻击。 2. preserve sth. for... 为……而保存某事物 Every attempt is being made to preserve these works of art for future generations. 正在尽一切努力为后代保存这些艺术作品。 3. be well preserved 受到很好的保护 He has a collection of prehistoric insects preserved in amber. 他收藏了一批保存在琥珀中的史前昆虫。 The Forestry Commission is responsible for ________ (preserve) over 2 million acres of woodland. 句意：林业委员会负责保护超过200万英亩的林地。介词for后接动名词作宾语，故填preserving。 知识点3 urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 派生词：urge vt.催促；urgency n．紧急；urgently adv.紧急地 1. in urgent need of 急需…… Jack, who suddenly fell unconscious, was in need of an urgent operation. 突然昏迷的杰克需要紧急手术。 2. urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事 The boys urged him to take part in the competition. 男孩们力劝他参加比赛。 3. urge that... (should) do... 极力主张…… The report urged that all children (should) be taught to swim. 报告强烈主张所有孩子都应学习游泳。 4. a sense of urgency 紧迫感 The urgency of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds. 寻找治疗方法的紧迫性吸引了一些最优秀的头脑。 The report urged that all children ________ (teach) to swim. 句意：报告强烈主张所有孩子都应学习游泳。urge that从句中用虚拟语气，谓语为(should)+动词原形，故填(should) be taught。 知识点4 incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 派生词：incredibly adv.难以置信地 1. an incredible amount of 极大量的 The truth is, opportunity is an incredible thing to have. 事实上，拥有机会是一件极好的事情。 2. It's incredible that... ……难以置信 It's incredible that you made a mistake alike for a third time. 真难以置信你犯了同样错误第三次了。 3. It seems incredible that... ……似乎难以置信 It seemed incredible that she had been there for a week already. 她竟然已经在那里待了一周了，这似乎令人难以置信。 It seemed incredible ________ she had been there for a week already. 句意：她竟然已经在那里待了一周了，这似乎令人难以置信。It seems incredible that...为固定句型，that引导主语从句，故填that。 知识点5 agenda n．计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 1. at the top of the agenda 居首要地位 The subject of safety needs to be placed high at the top of the agenda. 安全问题需要放在议程的首要位置。 2. on the agenda 在议事日程上 The question of security is high on the agenda for this afternoon's meeting. 安全问题在今天下午会议的议程上占据重要位置。 The question of security is high ________ the agenda for this afternoon's meeting. 句意：安全问题在今天下午会议的议程上占据重要位置。on the agenda为固定搭配，意为“在议事日程上”，故填on。 知识点6 assess vt.评估，评定；估算 派生词：assessment n．评定，评价 1. assess sb./sth. as sth. 评估……为…… They assessed the value of the house at over $25,000. 他们估算这栋房子的价值超过25000美元。 2. assess sb./sth. at sth. 估算……为…… In his opinion, exams are not the only means of assessing a student's ability. 在他看来，考试不是评估学生能力的唯一手段。 3. make an assessment of 对……做出评估 To his surprise, there is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment. 令他惊讶的是，对自然环境的破坏几乎没有评估。 They assess your house ________ 1.5 million, so you had better not sell it now. 句意：他们估价你的房子为150万，所以你最好现在别卖。assess sth. at...意为“估算……为……”，故填at。 知识点7 collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒；崩溃 vi.瘫倒，瘫坐 n．昏倒；倒塌；崩溃 1. the collapse of ……的崩溃 She suffered a mental collapse after the collapse of her marriage. 婚姻破裂后她精神崩溃了。 2. collapsed buildings 坍塌的建筑物 At the end of the race his legs gave out and he collapsed on the ground. 比赛结束时他的腿没劲了，瘫倒在地。 collapse指突然倒塌；fall指因失去平衡而倒下。 At the end of the race his legs gave out and he ________ (collapse) on the ground. 句意：比赛结束时他的腿没劲了，瘫倒在地。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填collapsed。 知识点8 division n．分歧；分开，分隔 派生词：divide v．划分，分开 1. divisions between...and... ……和……之间的分歧 There's very little cooperation between the two countries. 两国之间几乎没有合作。 2. the division of labour 分工 The bathroom is generally a large space, with no division between the shower and the toilet. 浴室通常是一个大空间，淋浴和马桶之间没有隔断。 3. divide...into... 把……分成…… Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs. 如果你把工作分成小份，就没有什么特别难的了。 As the work can ________ (divide) among several people, it can be done efficiently. 句意：因为这项工作可以分给几个人做，所以可以高效完成。can be done提示被动语态，divide的过去分词为divided，故填be divided。 知识点9 cooperation n．合作，协作；协助，配合 派生词：cooperate vi.合作，配合 1. in cooperation with... 与……合作 The company produces computers in cooperation with a German firm. 这家公司与一家德国公司合作生产电脑。 2. cooperation between...and... ……和……之间的合作 The meeting discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries. 会议讨论了如何促进两国之间的合作。 3. cooperate with... 与……合作 I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions. 我发现很难与那些总是固执己见的人合作。 The company produces computers ________ cooperation with a German firm. 句意：这家公司与一家德国公司合作生产电脑。in cooperation with为固定搭配，意为“与……合作”，故填in。 知识点10 conservation n．保护，保持；节约 派生词：conserve vt.保护，保存；节约 1. wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 There is a need for the conservation of trees, or there will soon be no forests. 需要保护树木，否则很快就没有森林了。 2. a conservation area 保护区 To conserve electricity, we are cutting down on our heating. 为了节约用电，我们正在减少供暖。 3. conserve energy 节约能源 I'm not being lazy—I'm just conserving my energy for later. 我不是在偷懒——我只是为之后保存体力。 There is a need for the ________ (conserve) of trees, or there will soon be no forests. 句意：需要保护树木，否则很快就没有森林了。冠词the后应用名词，conserve的名词形式为conservation，故填conservation。 知识点11 splendour (AmE splendor) n.壮丽，雄伟 派生词：splendid adj.壮丽的；极好的 1. in all its splendour 尽显其宏伟壮观 The palace has been restored to its former splendour. 宫殿已恢复往日的富丽堂皇。 2. the splendours of Rome 罗马的壮丽景色 The hotel has the splendour of a nineteenth-century mansion. 这家酒店拥有19世纪宅邸的宏伟气势。 3. splendid scenery 壮丽的风景 She gazed down upon the splendour of the city by night. 她俯瞰着这座城市夜晚的壮美。 The hotel has the ________ (splendid) of a nineteenth-century mansion. 句意：这家酒店拥有19世纪宅邸的宏伟气势。冠词the后应用名词，splendid的名词形式为splendour，故填splendour。 知识点12 reserve n．自然保护区；储备 vt.预订(＝book)；预留；保留 派生词：reservation n．预订；保留 1. a nature reserve 自然保护区 These seats are reserved for the elderly and women with babies. 这些座位是为老人和带婴儿的妇女预留的。 2. in reserve 储备；备用 I reserve Mondays for tidying my desk and answering letters. 我把星期一留出来整理书桌和回复信件。 3. without reservation 毫无保留地 I recommend him without reservation. 我毫无保留地推荐他。 These seats ________ (reserve) for the elderly and women with babies. 句意：这些座位是为老人和带婴儿的妇女预留的。seats与reserve之间为被动关系，描述一般情况用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are reserved。 知识点13 humble vt.使感到谦卑，使感到自惭 adj.谦虚的，谦卑的；低下的 派生词：humbly adv.谦卑地 1. in my humble opinion 依我拙见 It is, in my humble opinion, perhaps the best steak restaurant in the city. 依我拙见，这也许是城里最好的牛排餐厅。 2. be humble about... 对……谦虚 The doctor was humble about his work, although he cured many people. 尽管这位医生治愈了很多人，他对自己的工作仍很谦虚。 3. a man of humble birth 出身低微的人 So may I humbly suggest we all do something next time? 那么我可以谦卑地建议下次我们都做点什么吗？ The doctor was humble ________ his work, although he cured many people. 句意：尽管这位医生治愈了很多人，他对自己的工作仍很谦虚。be humble about为固定搭配，意为“对……谦虚”，故填about。 知识点14 pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；继续探讨；跟踪；追赶 1. pursue one's dream 追求梦想 She wishes to pursue a medical career. 她希望从事医学职业。 2. be pursued by 被……追逐 She left the theatre, hotly pursued by the press. 她离开剧院，被记者紧紧追赶。 3. pursue a trade policy 实行贸易政策 Having spent hours pursuing their prey, the hunters felt exhausted. 花了数小时追捕猎物后，猎人们感到精疲力竭。 She left the theatre, hotly ________ (pursue) by the press. 句意：她离开剧院，被记者紧紧追赶。she与pursue之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填pursued。 知识点15 emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 派生词：emergence n．出现，显现 1. emerge from (从隐蔽处)出现，露出 China's emergence as an economic power makes every Chinese proud. 中国作为经济大国的崛起让每个中国人感到自豪。 2. emerge as 作为……而初露头角 She's the most exciting British singer to emerge on the pop scene for a decade. 她是十年来英国流行乐坛涌现出的最令人振奋的歌手。 3. It emerged that... 事已清楚…… It has emerged that secret talks had been going on between the two companies. 现已清楚两家公司之间一直在进行秘密会谈。 It has ________ (emerge) that secret talks had been going on between the two companies. 句意：现已清楚两家公司之间一直在进行秘密会谈。It has emerged that...为固定句型，emerge的过去分词为emerged，故填emerged。 知识点16 assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 派生词：assignment n．任务，分派 1. assign sb. to do sth. 分配某人做某事 UN troops were assigned the task of rebuilding the hospital. 联合国部队被分配了重建医院的任务。 2. be assigned to 被指派给 The case has been assigned to our most senior officer. 这个案子已分派给我们最高级别的警官。 3. on an assignment 执行任务 She is in Greece on an assignment for one of the Sunday newspapers. 她正在希腊为一家周日报纸执行任务。 Did you choose Russia or were you simply ________ (assign) there? 句意：你是选择了俄罗斯，还是只是被派到那里？you与assign之间为被动关系，且与chose并列描述过去情况，故填assigned。 知识点17 expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀 派生词：expand v．扩展，扩大 1. a period of rapid economic expansion 经济迅猛发展期 Any further industrial expansion in the area will face fierce opposition. 该地区任何进一步的工业扩张都将面临激烈反对。 2. expand...into... 把……扩展为…… The book is an expansion of a series of lectures given last year. 这本书是去年一系列讲座的扩展。 3. expand on/upon 详述 Their economy has expanded enormously, while ours has declined. 他们的经济极大地扩张了，而我们的却衰落了。 Their economy ________ (expand) enormously, while ours, by contrast, has declined. 句意：他们的经济极大地扩张了，而我们的却衰落了。描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故填has expanded。 知识点18 initiative n．倡议，新方案；主动性 1. the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议 Well received by the boss, this is an initiative that can promote the development of the company. 受到老板好评，这是一项能促进公司发展的倡议。 2. on one's own initiative 主动地 Although she was quite young, she put forward a lot of initiatives and was promoted. 尽管她很年轻，但她提出了许多倡议并得到了晋升。 3. take the initiative in doing sth. 主动做某事 You should take the initiative in solving problems. 你应该主动解决问题。 Well received by the boss and all employees, this is ________ initiative that can greatly promote the development of the company. 句意：这受到老板和全体员工的好评，是一项能极大促进公司发展的倡议。initiative为可数名词，此处泛指“一项倡议”，且发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 知识点19 entry n．进入；参与，加入；参赛 1. gain entry into/to... 进入…… A flock of sheep blocked our entry to the farm. 一群羊挡住了我们进入农场的路。 2. make one's entry 进入 She made her entry to the ceremony surrounded by a group of photographers. 她在一群摄影师的簇拥下进入仪式现场。 3. No Entry 禁止入内 China's entry into the World Trade Organization was a historic event. 中国加入世界贸易组织是一个历史性事件。 A flock of sheep blocked our entry ________ the farm, and we had no choice but to wait patiently. 句意：一群羊挡住了我们进入农场的路，我们别无选择只能耐心等待。entry to为固定搭配，意为“进入……”，故填to。 知识点20 ban vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n．禁令 1. ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 She's been banned from leaving Greece while the matter is investigated. 在调查期间她被禁止离开希腊。 2. a ban on 对……的禁令 There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas. 电影院应该禁止大声交谈。 3. impose/lift a ban 颁布/解除禁令 He broke the traffic regulations so severely that he was banned from driving for six months. 他严重违反交通规则，被禁止驾驶六个月。 He broke the traffic regulations so severely that he ________ (ban) from driving for six months. 句意：他严重违反交通规则，被禁止驾驶六个月。he与ban之间为被动关系，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was banned。 知识点21 ruin vt.破坏，毁掉 n．毁坏，毁灭 1. ruin one's health/fame/future 损害某人的健康/名声/前途 The scandal ruined his reputation. 丑闻毁了他的声誉。 2. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 The castle lay in ruins after the war. 战后城堡成了一片废墟。 3. fall into ruin 衰落；毁灭 The old temple has fallen into ruin. 这座古庙已破败不堪。 The earthquake left the whole city ________ ruins. 句意：地震使整座城市沦为废墟。in ruins为固定搭配，意为“破败不堪”，故填in。 知识点22 conflict n．冲突，战斗；争论 vi.冲突，抵触 1. in conflict with 与……冲突/矛盾 She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现在未来职业选择上与父母有冲突。 2. come into conflict with 与……发生冲突 True economic theories will never come into conflict with moral standards. 真正的经济理论永远不会与道德标准相冲突。 3. conflict with 与……冲突 Avoid including other elements that conflict with the main subject. 避免包含与主题冲突的其他元素。 She found herself ________ conflict with her parents over her future career. 句意：她发现在未来职业选择上与父母有冲突。in conflict with为固定搭配，意为“与……冲突”，故填in。 知识点23 consultation n．咨询；商讨；就诊 派生词：consult vt.咨询；查阅；consultant n．顾问 1. consult sb. about sth. 向某人咨询某事 An increasing number of clients are consulting them about Social Security changes. 越来越多的客户向他们咨询社会保障制度的变化。 2. consult a dictionary 查字典 You can consult a dictionary for the meaning of the word. 你可以查字典了解这个词的意思。 The minister today had ________ (consult) with the president. 句意：部长今天与总统进行了磋商。have consultations with为固定搭配，意为“与……磋商”，consult的名词为consultation，且用复数形式，故填consultations。 知识点24 interrupt vt. & vi.打断 派生词：interruption n．中断；打扰 1. interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) （因某事）打断某人/某事 Please don't interrupt me while I'm speaking. 我说话时请不要打断我。 2. be interrupted by 被……所打断 The speech was interrupted by applause. 演讲被掌声打断。 3. without interruption 不间断地 He worked for eight hours without interruption. 他连续工作了八个小时。 Sorry to ________ (interrupt) you, but there's an urgent phone call. 句意：抱歉打扰你，但有一个紧急电话。sorry to do sth.意为“抱歉做某事”，故填interrupt。 知识点25 motion n．动作；请求；手势 v．运动；打手势 1. in motion 运动中的 The train was already in motion when he jumped on. 他跳上去时火车已经在运动中了。 2. set/put sth. in motion 使某事开始 The plan was set in motion immediately. 计划立即启动了。 3. motion to sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 The guard motioned to me to come forward. 警卫示意我上前。 The guard ________ (motion) to me to come forward. 句意：警卫示意我上前。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填motioned。 知识点26 vote n．投票，选举；选票 vt.投票决定；公认；提议 1. vote for/against 投票赞成/反对 Over 60% of members voted for the motion. 超过60%的成员投票赞成该动议。 2. vote to do sth. 投票去做某事 The committee voted to approve the plan. 委员会投票批准了该计划。 3. take/have a vote on 对……进行表决 Let's take a vote on the issue. 让我们就这个问题进行表决。 The committee will vote ________ whether to approve the plan. 句意：委员会将投票决定是否批准该计划。vote on意为“就……进行投票表决”，故填on。 知识点27 submit vi.屈服，认输 vt.提交，呈递 派生词：submission n．屈服；提交 1. submit to（介词）屈服于，顺从于 He refused to submit to their demands. 他拒绝屈服于他们的要求。 2. submit sth. to sb./sth. 将……提交给…… You must submit your application by Friday. 你必须在周五前提交申请。 3. in my submission 我认为 In my submission, the plan is flawed. 我认为这个计划有缺陷。 You must submit your application ________ Friday. 句意：你必须在周五前提交申请。by Friday意为“在周五之前”，故填by。 知识点28 wear down (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平；使衰弱 1. wear down one's resistance 削弱某人的抵抗 They hoped the waiting would wear down my resistance. 他们希望等待会削弱我的抵抗力。 2. wear out 穿破，磨损；使疲乏 I wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 我去年穿破了两双鞋。 3. wear off 逐渐消失 The effects of the drug will wear off after a few hours. 药效几小时后会逐渐消失。 I ________ (wear) out two pairs of shoes last year. 句意：我去年穿破了两双鞋。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填wore。 知识点29 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 1. normal wear and tear 正常磨损 The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal wear and tear. 保险单不包括正常磨损造成的损坏。 2. take a lot of wear and tear 磨损比较严重 Seat covers on buses take a lot of wear and tear. 公交车上的座套磨损比较严重。 The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal ________ (磨损). 句意：保险单不包括正常磨损造成的损坏。“正常磨损”即normal wear and tear，故填wear and tear。 知识点30 take shape 成形，有了模样 1. in good/bad shape 身体健康/不健康 He is in good shape for a man of his age. 就他这个年龄的男人来说，他身体很好。 2. out of shape 变形；身体不健康 The front wheel of the bicycle was out of shape. 自行车的前轮变形了。 3. in the shape of 呈现……的形状 The cloud was in the shape of a bear. 云呈现出熊的形状。 After a heated discussion, an idea was beginning to ________ (成形) in his mind. 句意：经过激烈讨论，一个想法开始在他脑海中成形。“成形”即take shape，故填take shape。 知识点31 pass on 传递 1. pass...on to... 把……转交给…… The late governor passed on much of his fortune to his daughter. 已故的州长把大部分财产传给了女儿。 2. pass down 传承，传递 She wants to pass down what she's learned to other kids. 她想把自己学到的东西传授给其他孩子。 3. pass away 去世 Her grandfather passed away last winter. 她的祖父去年冬天去世了。 The late governor passed on much of his fortune ________ his daughter. 句意：已故的州长把大部分财产传给了女儿。pass on...to...为固定搭配，意为“把……传给……”，故填to。 知识点32 cannot help but do 不得不做……；忍不住做…… 1. cannot help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 He couldn't help laughing when he heard the joke. 听到这个笑话他忍不住笑了。 2. help sb. out 帮某人摆脱困境 Thanks for helping me out when I was in trouble. 感谢你在我困难时帮我摆脱困境。 3. be of great help 非常有帮助 Your advice was of great help to me. 你的建议对我非常有帮助。 Brierley couldn't help but ________ (wonder) about his hometown back in India. 句意：布里尔利禁不住想知道他在印度的家乡。cannot help but do为固定搭配，意为“禁不住做某事”，故填wonder。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1.（25-26学年高二下·河南月考）Chen Xianghong, one of the co-founders of the festival, noted that the Wuzhen Theatre Festival is committed to ___43___ (cultivate) young talent, creating sustainable and high-quality cultural experiences, ___44___ making a name for ____45____ (it) as a window into the Chinese theatre scene. 【答案】43. cultivating 44. and 45. itself 43.考查非谓语动词。句意：乌镇戏剧节的联合创始人之一陈向宏指出，乌镇戏剧节致力于培养年轻人才，创造可持续和高质量的文化体验，并作为进入中国戏剧界的窗口而闻名。固定短语be committed to意为“致力于”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填cultivating。 44.考查连词。句意：同上。creating sustainable and high-quality cultural experiences和making a name for为并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。 45.考查反身代词。句意：同上。设空处指代the Wuzhen Theatre Festival本身，应用反身代词itself，故填itself。 2.（25-26学年高二下·安徽多地月考）Jingdezhen began to produce porcelain as early as the 6th century AD and it ____38____ (witness) rapid increase in production during the Song Dynasty. 【答案】 witnessed 考查动词时态。句意： 景德镇早在公元6世纪就开始生产瓷器，并在宋朝期间见证了产量的快速增长。此处句子缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语“during the Song Dynasty”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填witnessed。 3.（25-26学年高二下·江苏苏州月考）The adoption of RL has allowed DeepSeek to enhance its models’ reasoning, adaptability and____62____ (efficient), setting it apart as a frontrunner in the field. 【答案】 efficiency 考查名词。句意：强化学习的采用使DeepSeek提高了其模型的推理能力、适应性和效率，使其成为该领域的领先者。and 连接并列名词，根据前面的reasoning 和adaptability 可知，这里需要用efficient的名词形式efficiency，表示“效率”，为不可数名词，作宾语。故填efficiency。 4.（25-26学年高二下·浙江期中考）Each of those chemotherapy comfort bag contains comfort ____63____ (item) to help ease the physical discomfort of chemotherapy procedures. 【答案】 items 考查名词复数。句意：每个化疗舒适包都包含一些有助于缓解化疗过程中的身体不适的舒适物品。item是可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数表示泛指意义。故填items。 5.（24-25学年高二下·浙江S9联盟期中）More importantly, the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated. ____61____ (global), having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; ____62____ the contrary, most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks. It also helps the national park management ____63____ (body) to raise some income of their own. 【答案】61. Globally 62. on 63. bodies 61.考查副词。句意：在全球范围内，拥有一个国家公园并不意味着对游客关闭其部分区域；相反，大多数国家公园保留一些核心区域进行严格保护，而其他区域则对游客开放，以便游客了解国家公园的作用。这里用副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写，故填Globally。 62.考查介词。句意：在全球范围内，拥有一个国家公园并不意味着对游客关闭其部分区域；相反，大多数国家公园保留一些核心区域进行严格保护，而其他区域则对游客开放，以便游客了解国家公园的作用。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反”。故填on。 63.考查名词复数。句意：它还帮助国家公园管理机构筹集自己的一些收入。前面提到the national park management是复数概念，这里指的是多个国家公园管理机构，故填bodies。 6.（25-26学年高二下·浙江杭州月考） “I watched ___59___ program of China Media Group named National Treasure Archive and the detailed information of the painter of One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains was introduced, ___60___ interested me,” he said, adding that the painter was an ____61____(extreme) gifted young man but was never seen again in history, which is a concept that could ____62____(explore) with science-fiction. 【答案】 59. a 60. which 61. extremely 62. be explored 59.考查冠词。句意：他说：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。可数名词program在句中表示“一个节目”，泛指，program发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 60.考查定语从句。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the detailed information of the painter of One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 61.考查副词。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。提示词修饰形容词gifted，用副词extremely作状语，意为“ 极度，非常”。故填extremely。 62.考查语态。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探究的概念。explore(探究)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词concept)之间是被动关系，用被动语态，在情态动词could后助动词be用原形。故填be explored。 7.（25-26学年高二下·湖南衡阳一中月考） The game’s high-quality production and authentic English subtitles help accurately convey the emotions of the ___44___ (origin) novel. It has helped spread Chinese culture ____45____ export Chinese games to the world,” he added. 【答案】 44. original 45. and 44.考查形容词。句意：他还补充道：“与中国的书籍相比，电子游戏在年轻的外国消费者中拥有更高的市场覆盖率。这款游戏高质量的制作水准以及地道的英文字幕，有助于准确传达原著小说中的情感。它助力传播了中国文化，并将中国游戏推向了世界。”修饰名词“novel”用形容词形式，意为“原创的”。故填original。 45.考查连词。句意：他还补充道：“与中国的书籍相比，电子游戏在年轻的外国消费者中拥有更高的市场覆盖率。这款游戏高质量的制作水准以及地道的英文字幕，有助于准确传达原著小说中的情感。它助力传播了中国文化，并将中国游戏推向了世界。”空处为连词形式；空前“spread Chinese culture”和空后“export Chinese games to the world”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 8.（25-26学年高二下·湖南月考）Getting to a tourist____64____（attract）early will allow you ____65____（visit）it fully without the problem of a large crowd. 【答案】 64. attraction 65. to visit 64.考查名词。句意：早点到达一个旅游景点可以让你充分参观，而不会有一大群人的问题。由“a”可知，空处应用名词单数，作宾语；attraction表示“吸引人的事物”，为可数名词，tourist attraction表示“旅游景点”，符合句意。故填attraction。 65.考查动词不定式。句意：早点到达一个旅游景点可以让你充分参观，而不会有一大群人的问题。visit为动词，表示“参观”，动词短语allow sb to do sth表示“允许某人做某事”，符合句意。故填to visit。 9.（25-26学年高二下·山东济南月考） The bedroom is filled with wooden ________ (家具), like a bed, desk and some shelves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】furniture 【详解】考查名词。句意：卧室里摆满了木制家具，比如一张床、一张桌子和一些架子。根据汉语提示“家具”以及上文wooden可知，此处应填名词furniture作宾语，为不可数名词。故填furniture。 10.（25-26学年高二下·山东济南月考） C________ to her usual cheerful self, she sat silently in the corner today, looking upset. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Contrary##ontrary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与她平时开朗的样子相反，她今天静静地坐在角落里，看起来很沮丧。根据首字母C及句意可知，本空用形容词contrary“相反的”，作状语。故填Contrary。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1.（25-26学年高二上·湖北荆州期末）With a history of over two thousand years, the Pipa is one of the most ___56___(represent) classical Chinese instruments of traditional Chinese culture. ____57____ (origin) a musical instrument of nomads (牧民), it was later introduced to the Central Plains and gradually became a ___58___ (share) musical treasure among the Han and other minority groups. “Sunny Spring and White Snow”, composed during the Spring and Autumn Period, is a famous classical music piece for the Pipa,____59____also became a metaphor for elegant art forms. During the Tang and Song____60____(dynasty), Pipa art reached its peak. It not only showed its charm in solo performances but also frequently appeared in poetry and paintings. The Pipa exhibits a wide range of ____61____(play) techniques, including plucking, picking, rolling, and sweeping,____62____(give) the Pipa enormous musical expressiveness. The gentle “Spring River on a Moonlit Night” and the intense “Ambush from Ten Sides” are believed ___63___(interpret) perfectly by the Pipa. Not only does the Pipa have a deep mass base in China, but it has also spread to East Asian countries, forming unique Pipa music cultures in each region. With the development of times, the Pipa has built___64___. bridge between tradition and modernity. Modern composers combine the Pipa ___65___various musical styles and its unique sound always makes a great experience. 【答案】56. representative 57. Originally 58. shared 59. which 60. dynasties 61. playing 62. giving 63. to be interpreted 64. a 65. with##and 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国古典乐器琵琶以及著名的琵琶曲。 56.考查形容词。句意：琵琶是中国传统文化中最具代表性的古典乐器之一，有着两千多年的历史。空处修饰名词instruments，应填形容词作定语，representative“典型的，有代表性的”，形容词，故填representative。 57.考查副词。句意：它最初是游牧民族的乐器，后来传入中原，逐渐成为汉族和其他少数民族共有的音乐宝藏。此处作状语，应用副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Originally。 58.考查形容词。句意：同上。空处修饰名词treasure，应用形容词作定语，shared“共有的”，形容词，故填shared。 59.考查定语从句。句意：《阳春白雪》创作于春秋时期，是一首著名的琵琶古典乐曲，也成为高雅艺术形式的隐喻。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Sunny Spring and White Snow”，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导，故填which。 60.考查名词复数。句意：在唐宋时期，琵琶艺术达到了顶峰。dynasty是可数名词，由“Tang and Song”可知此处应用名词复数形式，故填dynasties。 61.考查非谓语动词。句意：琵琶展现了广泛的演奏技巧，包括拨、拨、滚、扫，赋予了琵琶巨大的音乐表现力。此处使用动名词playing作定语修饰名词techniques，表示目的或用途，playing techniques“演奏技巧”，故填playing。 62.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。give的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填giving。 63.考查非谓语动词。句意：柔和的《春江花月夜》和激烈的《十面埋伏》被认为是琵琶的完美诠释。be believed to do sth“被认为做某事”，且interpret和主语The gentle “Spring River on a Moonlit Night” and the intense “Ambush from Ten Sides”之间是被动关系，故此处使用不定式的被动式，故填to be interpreted。 64.考查冠词。句意：随着时代的发展，琵琶在传统与现代之间架起了一座桥梁。此处泛指“一座桥梁”，使用不定冠词修饰，故填a。 65.考查动词短语。句意：现代作曲家将琵琶与各种音乐风格相结合，其独特的声音总是给人一种很棒的体验。combine…with/and…“将……和……相结合”，故填with/and。 2.（25-26学年高二下·四川月考）The Grand Canal (大运河) is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___36___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times the length of the Panama Canal. It is ___37___ golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___38___(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems. The canal functioned ___39___ the backbone (支柱) of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, log and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, ___40___(contribute) hugely to ancient China’s economy. The canal ___41___(enormous) promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north and south, ___42___ ensured the country’s ___43___(stable). In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___44___(build) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. In the past 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ___45___(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt. 【答案】36. whose 37. a 38. passing 39. as 40. contributing 41. enormously 42. which 43. stability 44. to build 45. has been recognized 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河，主要包括其历史起源、长度、流域、重要作用和未来的发展规划。 36.考查定语从句。句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2500多年的历史，始建于春秋时期。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Grand Canal，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作定语，和construction之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 37.考查冠词。句意：它是中国仅次于长江的黄金水道。此处泛指“一个黄金水道”，使用不定冠词，故填a。 38.考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河从浙江流至北京，途经6个省和2个直辖市，连接5个主要水系。句中runs为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。pass“经过”和The Grand Canal逻辑上是主动关系，应用pass的现在分词形式，作状语。故填passing。 39.考查介词。句意：这条运河是古代帝国内陆交通和贸易系统的支柱。根据functioned和the backbone of可知，此处用固定短语function as，意为“充当，起……作用”。故填as。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意：两岸的许多城镇发展起来，为古代中国的经济做出了巨大贡献。句中developed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。scores of towns与contribute之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填contributing。 41.考查副词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词promoted。故填enormously。 42.考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，使用关系代词which。故填which。 43.考查名词。句意：同上。设空处使用stable的名词形式stability作宾语，意为“稳定”，是不可数名词。故填stability。 44.考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年，中国发布了大运河国家文化公园建设方案。名词plan后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的计划，……的方案”。故填to build。 45.考查动词时态和语态。句意：近两年来，大运河国家文化公园建设被确定为“十四五”规划的重点任务。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“During the last 2 years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，recognize“认可”和主语building the Grand Canal national cultural parks之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单个的动名词短语，助动词用has。故填has been recognized。 3.（25-26学年高二下·辽宁月考）In southern China, there is a famous road ____56____ (build) across Poyang Lake, which lies in the north of Jiangxi Province, China and is known as China’s second ____57____ (large) lake. People in China also call it “the most beautiful road under the water”. This road is sure ____58____ (attract) a lot of attention towards the end of May every year. A lot of people come out of ____59____ (curious). The water level of the lake is so close to the surface of the road, ____60____ makes the view ahead broad and bright when people drive along. It’s as though they were taking a boat across the lake. And ____61____ feeling is simply wonderful! For the next few months, this road is not above the surface ____62____ under the water. When the water level of Poyang Lake starts to go up, the road surface becomes unseen. However, drivers can still drive across the lake ____63____ (safe) by watching the guardrails (防撞护栏) fixed on either side of the road. For thrill-seeking motorists, it’s like ____64____ (drive) an amphibious (水陆两栖的) super car. Then in a few days, the entire road ____65____ (flood) with the continuously rising water. A few months later, the road will reappear. 【答案】56. built      57. largest      58. to attract 59. curiosity      60. which      61. the 62. but 63. safely 64. driving      65. will be flooded      【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了横跨江西鄱阳湖的公路因季节变化而时隐时现的独特景观。 56.考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国南部，有一条著名的路横跨鄱阳湖，该湖位于中国江西省北部，被称为中国第二大湖。句子谓语动词是is，空处需要非谓语动词作定语，和修饰的名词road之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。 57.考查形容词的最高级。句意：在中国南部，有一条著名的路横跨鄱阳湖，该湖位于中国江西省北部，被称为中国第二大湖。根据空前的second可知，空处需要形容词的最高级，表示“鄱阳湖是中国第二大湖”。故填largest。 59.考查非谓语动词。句意：这条路在每年五月底一定会吸引很多人的注意。be sure to do sth.“一定会做某事”。故填to attract。 59.考查名词。句意：很多人出于好奇而来。out of curiosity“处于好奇”，空处需要名词作宾语。故填curiosity。 60.考查定语从句。句意：湖水位几乎与路面持平，这使得人们驾车前行时前方视野开阔明亮。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 61.考查冠词。句意：这种感觉实在是太美妙了！结合前文“It’s as though they were taking a boat across the lake.(就好像他们在坐船过河一样)”可知，空处需要定冠词the，特指前面提到的那种感觉。故填the。 62.考查连词。句意：在接下来的几个月里，这条路不是在水面上，而是在水下。句子使用短语not…but…“不是……而是……”。故填but。 63.考查副词。句意：然而，司机们可以通过观察固定在道路两侧的防撞护栏安全地驾车穿越湖泊。空处需要副词修饰动词drive，作状语。故填safely。 64.考查非谓语动词。句意：对于寻求刺激的司机来说，这就像驾驶一艘水陆两栖的超级汽车。like此处为介词“像……”，所以空处需要动名词作介词的宾语。故填driving。 65.考查时态。句意：再过几天，整个道路都会被不断上涨的洪水淹没。空为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语in a few days可知，句子为一般将来时态，且该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以句子使用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填will be flooded。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （2025·新高考全国I卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____36____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of ____37____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____38____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____39____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities ____40____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____41____ (try) to beat the opponent ____42____ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____43____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, ____44____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____45____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】36. which 37. the 38. to present 39. guidance 40. are revealed 41. tries 42. by 43. strategic 44. and 45. digitally 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 36.考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 37.考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 38.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 39.考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 40.考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 41.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 42.考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 43.考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 44. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 45.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units 3~4（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述健康、保护与科技影响的形容词（如 harmonious、influential、urgent、incredible、humble 的辨析与用法；convincing/convinced 的辨析与用法）。 2. 理解并运用重点动词短语与句型（如 allow for、sort out、on behalf of、wear down、pass on、take shape；cannot help but do、It is universally acknowledged that...、urge that... (should) do... 句型）。 3. 掌握核心名词的固定搭配（如 proof、comparison、division、cooperation、conservation、reserve、initiative、conflict、consultation、motion、vote 等的常用短语）。 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用以-ing/-ed结尾的形容词（如 convincing vs. convinced；promising vs. promised；以及理解 panicked、collapsed 等动词的过去分词作状语的用法）。 2. 在写作和完形中灵活运用抽象名词短语表达逻辑关系（如 in harmony with（与……和谐）、in comparison with（与……相比）、on the contrary（恰恰相反）、in cooperation with（与……合作）、in conflict with（与……冲突）、on behalf of（代表……）、in ruins（破败不堪））。 3. 近义动词的辨析（如 arise/rise/raise 的区别；assess/evaluate 的区别；preserve/conserve/reserve 的区别；collapse/fall 的区别；drag/pull 的区别；shift/change 的区别）。 考情规律 词汇运用：词汇运用： 侧重 名词（如 proof、comparison、division、cooperation、conservation、reserve、initiative、expansion、entry、conflict、consultation） 在具体语境中的词义选择与介词搭配，以及 动词（如 specialize、convince、dismiss、insist、facilitate、assess、preserve、pursue、emerge、assign、ban、submit） 与介词的固定搭配（specialize in、convince sb. of/to do、insist on、assess sth. at、preserve...from、ban sb. from doing、submit to）。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及 cannot help but do、It is universally acknowledged that...、urge that... (should) do... 的句型转换；以及 in all its splendour、in awe、without reservation、on one‘s own initiative、in motion、in good shape、wear and tear 等短语在翻译中的运用。 Unit 3　Back to the past 知识点1 breadth n．宽度；广泛 派生词：broad adj.宽阔的；broadly adv.大体上；broaden v．变宽；扩大 1. breadth of vision 远见卓识 A leader needs breadth of vision to guide the team. 领导者需要有远见卓识来带领团队。 2. a broad range of products 各种各样的产品 The store offers a broad range of products. 这家商店提供各种各样的产品。 3. broadly speaking 大体上说 Broadly speaking, I agree with you. 大体上说，我同意你的看法。 4. broaden one's horizons 拓宽某人的视野 Traveling can broaden your horizons. 旅行可以拓宽你的视野。 O'Connell Bridge in Dublin is famous for being ________ (broad) than it is long. 知识点2 convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 派生词：convinced adj.确信的；convincing adj.有说服力的 1. convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 I convinced him of her honesty. 我使他相信她是诚实的。 2. convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直劝他去看病。 3. be convinced that... 确信…… I am convinced that he is telling the truth. 我确信他在说实话。 4. convincing evidence 有力的证据 There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes cancer. 现在有令人信服的证据表明吸烟致癌。 Oscar convinced the manager ________ (look) in the record of advance ticket sales. 知识点3 harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 派生词：harmoniously adv.融洽地；harmony n．融洽，和睦 1. harmonious relations 关系融洽 We should maintain harmonious relations with our neighbors. 我们应与邻居保持融洽的关系。 2. in harmony with 与……协调 Humans should live in harmony with nature. 人类应与自然和谐共处。 3. live together in perfect harmony 十分和睦地一起生活 The two communities live together in perfect harmony. 两个社区十分和睦地一起生活。 The only way for us to survive is to live in harmony ________ nature. 知识点4 dismiss vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 1. dismiss sth. from one's mind 拒绝考虑某事 Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind. 把这些想法从你脑子里清除出去。 2. dismiss sth./sb. as... 把某事/某人当作……不予理会 I think he dismissed me as an idiot. 我觉得他把我看作白痴而不予理会。 3. dismiss sb. from sth. 把某人从……解雇 He was dismissed from the company for incompetence. 他因能力不足被公司解雇。 试题： With the current economic crisis, he ________ (dismiss) from the company for incompetence last month. 知识点5 proof n．证据，证明 1. proof of... ……的证据 Do you have any proof of your identity? 你有身份证明吗？ 2. There is proof that... 有证据证明…… There is now proof that giant squid do exist. 现在有证据证明巨型乌贼确实存在。 点拨：-proof作为后缀意为“防……的”，如waterproof防水的。 Do they have any proof ________ it was Hampson who stole the goods? 知识点6 influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的 派生词：influence n. & vt.影响 1. be influential in... 在……方面有影响力 He was influential in shaping economic policy. 他在制定经济政策方面很有影响力。 2. have an influence on 对……有影响 Many other medications have an influence on cholesterol levels. 许多其他药物对胆固醇水平有影响。 3. under the influence of 在……的影响下 Under the influence of the new economic situation, changes take place. 在新经济形势的影响下，发生了变化。 What exactly is the influence of television ________ children? 知识点7 insist vi. & vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 派生词：insistence n．坚决要求 1. insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持/执意做某事 She insisted on telling me every detail. 她坚持把每个细节都告诉我。 2. insist that...（坚持要求）从句用虚拟语气(should) do His family insisted that he (should) be given a proper burial. 家人坚持要给他一个体面的葬礼。 3. insist that...（坚持说）从句用陈述语气 He insisted that the mineral content of the water determined the opacity. 他坚持认为水的矿物质含量决定了其不透明度。 Tom's parents insisted that the teacher ________ (inform) them of any progress Tom made. 知识点8 depart vi. & vt.离开，起程 派生词：departure n．离开；起程 1. depart for 出发去…… Sam will depart for Japan tomorrow. 萨姆明天将动身去日本。 2. depart from 从……离开；背离，违反 Lipton is planning to depart from the company he founded. 利普顿正计划离开他创办的公司。 3. one's departure from 某人从……离开 They had received no news of him since his departure from the island. 自从他离开该岛后，他们就没有得到过他的消息。 The train now ________ (depart) from Platform 13 is the 10:35 to Glasgow. 知识点9 panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi. & vt.(panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌 1. in (a) panic 惊慌地，在惊慌中 Office workers fled in panic as the fire took hold. 火势起来时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。 2. get into a panic 陷入恐慌 She got into a panic about her exam. 她对考试感到恐慌。 3. panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促做某事 Rumours of war panicked many investors into selling their shares. 战争的谣言使许多投资者惊慌抛售股票。 Guests ________ (panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded. 知识点10 facilitate vt.使便利，促进 派生词：facilitation n．便利；facility n．设施 1. facilitate economic growth 促进经济发展 The new airport will facilitate economic growth. 新机场将促进经济发展。 2. facilitate mutual understanding 促进相互理解 Learning a language can facilitate mutual understanding. 学习语言可以促进相互理解。 3. public facilities 公共设施 The city needs to improve its public facilities. 这个城市需要改善公共设施。 Modern inventions have greatly ________ (facilitate) housework. 知识点11 available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的 派生词：availability n．可用性 1. be available to sb. 对某人来说是可使用的 Such information will be readily available to us. 此类信息我们可以轻松获得。 2. be available to do sth. 可供使用做某事 There were no tickets available for the performance. 演出的票买不到了。 3. be available for 可用于 Cold drinks will be available at the sports center. 运动中心将有冷饮供应。 In the 1940s, electricity ________________________ (可供……使用) people in almost all areas of the United States. 知识点12 comparison n．对比；比较 派生词：compare vt.对比；comparable adj.可比较的 1. make a comparison 作比较 It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book. 很难和她以前的书作比较。 2. by/in comparison with 与……相比 In comparison with the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects. 与之前的研究相比，新的研究扩大了研究对象。 3. by comparison 相比之下 By comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying emotions. 相比之下，美国人通常坦率地表达情感。 4. compared to/with 与……相比 Compared to when we were at school, children learn more interesting things now. 与我们上学时相比，现在的孩子学的东西更有趣。 ________ comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying both positive and negative emotions. 知识点13 pack vt. & vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾(行李) n．包，包裹 1. pack into... 挤进……里面 People packed into the square. 人们挤进了广场。 2. be packed with... 挤满……，塞满…… His room was packed with gifts. 他的房间里塞满了礼物。 3. pack sth. away 将某物收拾好 Once a friend and I packed away some sandwiches for an outing. 有一次我和一个朋友收拾了一些三明治去郊游。 4. a pack of 一包/一群 A pack of ice was put on my forehead. 一包冰块被放在我的额头上。 On his birthday last week, his room ________ (pack) with fruit, flowers, and gifts given by his friends. 知识点14 contrary adj.相反的，相对立的 n. the contrary相反的事实 1. (be) contrary to 与……相反 Their opinion is contrary to mine. 他们的观点与我的相反。 2. on the contrary 恰恰相反 —I thought the film was exciting. “我以为电影很刺激。” —On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep. “恰恰相反，我差点睡着了。” 3. evidence to the contrary 相反的证据 Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we have no choice but to believe him. 除非有相反的证据，否则我们只能相信他。 For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance, but we now have evidence ________ the contrary. 知识点15 meanwhile adv.同时；其间；对比之下 n.其间，其时 1. in the meanwhile/meantime 在此期间 Please find a taxi, and in the meanwhile I'll pack some food. 你去叫辆出租车，趁这工夫我打包点吃的。 2. for the meanwhile 暂时 We need some new curtains, but these will do for the meanwhile. 我们需要一些新窗帘，但这些暂时还可以用。 试题： I hope to go to medical school eventually. ________ (在此期间), I am going to study chemistry. 知识点16 drag vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动；过得很慢 1. drag sth. over to 把某物拖到…… I dragged my chair over to the window. 我把椅子拖到了窗边。 2. drag oneself out of bed 费力地起床 I managed to drag myself out of bed. 我费力地起了床。 3. drag on 拖得太长 The second half of the movie dragged on. 电影的后半部分拖沓冗长。 Pick the chair up instead of ________ (drag) it behind you! 知识点17 sink vi. & vt.(sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 1. sink into a chair 颓然倒在椅子里 She let out a sigh and sank into a chair. 她叹了口气，颓然倒在椅子里。 2. sink to the bottom of 沉到……的底部 The Titanic sank to the bottom of the ocean in 1912. 泰坦尼克号于1912年沉入海底。 3. sink to a new low 降到新低 House prices have sunk to a new low. 房价已降到新低。 It is clear that house prices have ________ (sink) to a new low. 知识点18 pray vi. & vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告 派生词：prayer n．祈祷；祈祷文 1. pray for... 祈祷……；企盼…… I'm just praying for somebody in Congress to do something. 我只是祈祷国会里有人能采取行动。 2. pray to do sth. 祈求做某事 He spent his time in prison praying and studying. 他在狱中把时间用于祈祷和学习。 3. pray that... 祈祷…… During the Spring Festival, some people pray for happiness, wealth and health. 春节期间，一些人祈求幸福、财富和健康。 During the Spring Festival, some people would visit temples to pray ________ happiness, wealth and health. 知识点19 reform vt.改进，改良，改革；悔改 n．改革，改良 1. need to be reformed 需要进行改革 The benefits system needs to be reformed. 福利制度需要改革。 2. reform and opening-up 改革开放 Since reform and opening-up, China has made great progress. 改革开放以来，中国取得了巨大进步。 3. a major reform 重大的改革 The government is in the process of reforming the system. 政府正在改革该制度。 In my opinion, some ________ (reform) of the system are necessary. 知识点20 shift n．改变，转移；轮班 vi. & vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 1. a shift in sth. 某方面的转变 There has been a dramatic shift in public opinion. 公众舆论发生了巨大转变。 2. on the day/night shift 上白班/夜班 He is on the night shift at the factory. 他在工厂上夜班。 3. shift...from...to... 把……从……转移…… Tom's parents hoped to shift his attention away from computer games. 汤姆的父母希望把他的注意力从电脑游戏上转移开。 Joe listened, ________ (shift) uncomfortably from one foot to another. 知识点21 load n．负载；承载量；大量 vt.& vi．装上，装入 1. a load of/loads of 许多 The trucks waited to pick up their loads. 货车等着装载货物。 2. load...with.../be loaded with 用……装…… Thirty-six trucks were loaded with dried milk and bandages. 36辆卡车装满了奶粉和绷带。 3. take a load off one's mind 卸下心中重担 Hearing the good news took a load off my mind. 听到这个好消息让我如释重负。 Thirty-six trucks were loaded ________ some 100 tons of dried milk and bandages. 知识点22 strengthen vt.& vi．加强，增强 派生词：strength n．力气；强项 1. build up one's strength 增强体力 It may take a few weeks to build up your strength again. 可能需要几周时间才能再次增强体力。 2. strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 We should be aware of our strengths and weaknesses. 我们应该了解自己的优点和缺点。 3. have the strength to do sth. 有做某事的力气 I knew I would have the strength to go on. 我知道我会有力气继续下去。 It may take a few weeks for you to build up your ________ (strong) again. 知识点23 acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 派生词：acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 1. acknowledge that... 承认…… Do you acknowledge that you've been wrong? 你承认你错了吗？ 2. acknowledge doing/having done 承认做过…… He acknowledged having been defeated at last. 他最后承认被打败了。 3. acknowledge...as/to be... 认为……是…… He is acknowledged as one of the best basketball players. 他被公认为最优秀的篮球运动员之一。 4. It is universally acknowledged that... 大家公认…… It is universally acknowledged that education is important. 大家公认教育很重要。 He is acknowledged ________ one of the best basketball players in the world. 知识点24 adopt vt.收养；采用，采纳 派生词：adopted adj.收养的；adoption n．收养，采用 1. adopt a(n)… approach to... 对……采取……方法 The school adopted a new approach to teaching. 学校采用了新的教学方法。 2. an adopted son/daughter 养子/养女 They have an adopted son. 他们有一个养子。 The couple decided to ________ (adopt) a child because they couldn't have their own. 知识点25 hatch n．舱口；孵化 vt.策划；孵 1. hatch a plot/plan 策划阴谋/计划 The thieves hatched a plan to rob the bank. 窃贼策划了一个抢劫银行的计划。 2. hatch sth. up 策划某事；密谋 They hatched up a deal to share the profits. 他们密谋达成了一项分享利润的交易。 The birds ________ (hatch) their eggs in the spring. 知识点26 allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 1. allow for your age 考虑到你的年龄 We have to allow for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule. 我们必须考虑到可能无法按时完成的可能性。 2. allow sb./sth. to do sth. 允许某人/某物做某事 Our English teacher allows for different kinds of interactions in class. 我们的英语老师允许课堂上有各种各样的互动。 You should allow for the plane ________ (delay). 知识点27 on behalf of 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 1. on behalf of sb./on sb.'s behalf 代表某人 On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. 我谨代表我校向您表示热烈欢迎。 2. stand for 代表，象征 What does the symbol stand for? 这个符号代表什么？ Ann asked the doctor to speak to her parents ________ her behalf. 知识点28 sort out 理顺，整理；把……安排好；分类，挑出 1. sort out the problems 解决问题 He decided to sort out her life for her. 他决定帮她理顺生活。 2. sort...by size 把……按大小分类 The eggs are sorted by size. 鸡蛋按大小分类。 3. all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的 After supper, we would play card games of all sorts. 晚饭后我们会玩各种纸牌游戏。 The eggs are sorted ________ size. Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites 知识点1 awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏 n．敬畏，惊叹 派生词：awed adj.敬畏的；awesome adj.令人惊叹的；awful adj.极讨厌的 1. in awe 惊叹地；敬畏地 They gazed in awe at the small mountain of diamonds. 他们敬畏地凝视着小山般的钻石。 2. be/stand in awe of 对……敬畏 Everyone was in awe of the military parade on the National Day. 每个人都对国庆阅兵感到敬畏。 3. fill sb. with awe 让某人敬畏 I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe. 我敬佩我的父亲，他的工作让我敬畏。 4. an awesome sight 惊人的奇观 This is an awesome question, because it's so true to life. 这是个很棒的问题，因为它如此贴近生活。 They gazed ________ awe at the small mountain of diamonds. 知识点2 preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 派生词：preservation n．保护；保存 1. preserve...from (doing) sth. 保护……免受…… They were determined to preserve their leader from attacks. 他们决心保护他们的领导人免受攻击。 2. preserve sth. for... 为……而保存某事物 Every attempt is being made to preserve these works of art for future generations. 正在尽一切努力为后代保存这些艺术作品。 3. be well preserved 受到很好的保护 He has a collection of prehistoric insects preserved in amber. 他收藏了一批保存在琥珀中的史前昆虫。 The Forestry Commission is responsible for ________ (preserve) over 2 million acres of woodland. 知识点3 urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 派生词：urge vt.催促；urgency n．紧急；urgently adv.紧急地 1. in urgent need of 急需…… Jack, who suddenly fell unconscious, was in need of an urgent operation. 突然昏迷的杰克需要紧急手术。 2. urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事 The boys urged him to take part in the competition. 男孩们力劝他参加比赛。 3. urge that... (should) do... 极力主张…… The report urged that all children (should) be taught to swim. 报告强烈主张所有孩子都应学习游泳。 4. a sense of urgency 紧迫感 The urgency of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds. 寻找治疗方法的紧迫性吸引了一些最优秀的头脑。 The report urged that all children ________ (teach) to swim. 知识点4 incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 派生词：incredibly adv.难以置信地 1. an incredible amount of 极大量的 The truth is, opportunity is an incredible thing to have. 事实上，拥有机会是一件极好的事情。 2. It's incredible that... ……难以置信 It's incredible that you made a mistake alike for a third time. 真难以置信你犯了同样错误第三次了。 3. It seems incredible that... ……似乎难以置信 It seemed incredible that she had been there for a week already. 她竟然已经在那里待了一周了，这似乎令人难以置信。 It seemed incredible ________ she had been there for a week already. 知识点5 agenda n．计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 1. at the top of the agenda 居首要地位 The subject of safety needs to be placed high at the top of the agenda. 安全问题需要放在议程的首要位置。 2. on the agenda 在议事日程上 The question of security is high on the agenda for this afternoon's meeting. 安全问题在今天下午会议的议程上占据重要位置。 The question of security is high ________ the agenda for this afternoon's meeting. 知识点6 assess vt.评估，评定；估算 派生词：assessment n．评定，评价 1. assess sb./sth. as sth. 评估……为…… They assessed the value of the house at over $25,000. 他们估算这栋房子的价值超过25000美元。 2. assess sb./sth. at sth. 估算……为…… In his opinion, exams are not the only means of assessing a student's ability. 在他看来，考试不是评估学生能力的唯一手段。 3. make an assessment of 对……做出评估 To his surprise, there is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment. 令他惊讶的是，对自然环境的破坏几乎没有评估。 They assess your house ________ 1.5 million, so you had better not sell it now. 知识点7 collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒；崩溃 vi.瘫倒，瘫坐 n．昏倒；倒塌；崩溃 1. the collapse of ……的崩溃 She suffered a mental collapse after the collapse of her marriage. 婚姻破裂后她精神崩溃了。 2. collapsed buildings 坍塌的建筑物 At the end of the race his legs gave out and he collapsed on the ground. 比赛结束时他的腿没劲了，瘫倒在地。 collapse指突然倒塌；fall指因失去平衡而倒下。 At the end of the race his legs gave out and he ________ (collapse) on the ground. 知识点8 division n．分歧；分开，分隔 派生词：divide v．划分，分开 1. divisions between...and... ……和……之间的分歧 There's very little cooperation between the two countries. 两国之间几乎没有合作。 2. the division of labour 分工 The bathroom is generally a large space, with no division between the shower and the toilet. 浴室通常是一个大空间，淋浴和马桶之间没有隔断。 3. divide...into... 把……分成…… Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs. 如果你把工作分成小份，就没有什么特别难的了。 As the work can ________ (divide) among several people, it can be done efficiently. 知识点9 cooperation n．合作，协作；协助，配合 派生词：cooperate vi.合作，配合 1. in cooperation with... 与……合作 The company produces computers in cooperation with a German firm. 这家公司与一家德国公司合作生产电脑。 2. cooperation between...and... ……和……之间的合作 The meeting discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries. 会议讨论了如何促进两国之间的合作。 3. cooperate with... 与……合作 I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions. 我发现很难与那些总是固执己见的人合作。 The company produces computers ________ cooperation with a German firm. 知识点10 conservation n．保护，保持；节约 派生词：conserve vt.保护，保存；节约 1. wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 There is a need for the conservation of trees, or there will soon be no forests. 需要保护树木，否则很快就没有森林了。 2. a conservation area 保护区 To conserve electricity, we are cutting down on our heating. 为了节约用电，我们正在减少供暖。 3. conserve energy 节约能源 I'm not being lazy—I'm just conserving my energy for later. 我不是在偷懒——我只是为之后保存体力。 There is a need for the ________ (conserve) of trees, or there will soon be no forests. 知识点11 splendour (AmE splendor) n.壮丽，雄伟 派生词：splendid adj.壮丽的；极好的 1. in all its splendour 尽显其宏伟壮观 The palace has been restored to its former splendour. 宫殿已恢复往日的富丽堂皇。 2. the splendours of Rome 罗马的壮丽景色 The hotel has the splendour of a nineteenth-century mansion. 这家酒店拥有19世纪宅邸的宏伟气势。 3. splendid scenery 壮丽的风景 She gazed down upon the splendour of the city by night. 她俯瞰着这座城市夜晚的壮美。 The hotel has the ________ (splendid) of a nineteenth-century mansion. 知识点12 reserve n．自然保护区；储备 vt.预订(＝book)；预留；保留 派生词：reservation n．预订；保留 1. a nature reserve 自然保护区 These seats are reserved for the elderly and women with babies. 这些座位是为老人和带婴儿的妇女预留的。 2. in reserve 储备；备用 I reserve Mondays for tidying my desk and answering letters. 我把星期一留出来整理书桌和回复信件。 3. without reservation 毫无保留地 I recommend him without reservation. 我毫无保留地推荐他。 These seats ________ (reserve) for the elderly and women with babies. 知识点13 humble vt.使感到谦卑，使感到自惭 adj.谦虚的，谦卑的；低下的 派生词：humbly adv.谦卑地 1. in my humble opinion 依我拙见 It is, in my humble opinion, perhaps the best steak restaurant in the city. 依我拙见，这也许是城里最好的牛排餐厅。 2. be humble about... 对……谦虚 The doctor was humble about his work, although he cured many people. 尽管这位医生治愈了很多人，他对自己的工作仍很谦虚。 3. a man of humble birth 出身低微的人 So may I humbly suggest we all do something next time? 那么我可以谦卑地建议下次我们都做点什么吗？ The doctor was humble ________ his work, although he cured many people. 知识点14 pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；继续探讨；跟踪；追赶 1. pursue one's dream 追求梦想 She wishes to pursue a medical career. 她希望从事医学职业。 2. be pursued by 被……追逐 She left the theatre, hotly pursued by the press. 她离开剧院，被记者紧紧追赶。 3. pursue a trade policy 实行贸易政策 Having spent hours pursuing their prey, the hunters felt exhausted. 花了数小时追捕猎物后，猎人们感到精疲力竭。 She left the theatre, hotly ________ (pursue) by the press. 知识点15 emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 派生词：emergence n．出现，显现 1. emerge from (从隐蔽处)出现，露出 China's emergence as an economic power makes every Chinese proud. 中国作为经济大国的崛起让每个中国人感到自豪。 2. emerge as 作为……而初露头角 She's the most exciting British singer to emerge on the pop scene for a decade. 她是十年来英国流行乐坛涌现出的最令人振奋的歌手。 3. It emerged that... 事已清楚…… It has emerged that secret talks had been going on between the two companies. 现已清楚两家公司之间一直在进行秘密会谈。 It has ________ (emerge) that secret talks had been going on between the two companies. 知识点16 assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 派生词：assignment n．任务，分派 1. assign sb. to do sth. 分配某人做某事 UN troops were assigned the task of rebuilding the hospital. 联合国部队被分配了重建医院的任务。 2. be assigned to 被指派给 The case has been assigned to our most senior officer. 这个案子已分派给我们最高级别的警官。 3. on an assignment 执行任务 She is in Greece on an assignment for one of the Sunday newspapers. 她正在希腊为一家周日报纸执行任务。 Did you choose Russia or were you simply ________ (assign) there? 知识点17 expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀 派生词：expand v．扩展，扩大 1. a period of rapid economic expansion 经济迅猛发展期 Any further industrial expansion in the area will face fierce opposition. 该地区任何进一步的工业扩张都将面临激烈反对。 2. expand...into... 把……扩展为…… The book is an expansion of a series of lectures given last year. 这本书是去年一系列讲座的扩展。 3. expand on/upon 详述 Their economy has expanded enormously, while ours has declined. 他们的经济极大地扩张了，而我们的却衰落了。 Their economy ________ (expand) enormously, while ours, by contrast, has declined. 知识点18 initiative n．倡议，新方案；主动性 1. the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议 Well received by the boss, this is an initiative that can promote the development of the company. 受到老板好评，这是一项能促进公司发展的倡议。 2. on one's own initiative 主动地 Although she was quite young, she put forward a lot of initiatives and was promoted. 尽管她很年轻，但她提出了许多倡议并得到了晋升。 3. take the initiative in doing sth. 主动做某事 You should take the initiative in solving problems. 你应该主动解决问题。 Well received by the boss and all employees, this is ________ initiative that can greatly promote the development of the company. 知识点19 entry n．进入；参与，加入；参赛 1. gain entry into/to... 进入…… A flock of sheep blocked our entry to the farm. 一群羊挡住了我们进入农场的路。 2. make one's entry 进入 She made her entry to the ceremony surrounded by a group of photographers. 她在一群摄影师的簇拥下进入仪式现场。 3. No Entry 禁止入内 China's entry into the World Trade Organization was a historic event. 中国加入世界贸易组织是一个历史性事件。 A flock of sheep blocked our entry ________ the farm, and we had no choice but to wait patiently. 知识点20 ban vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n．禁令 1. ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 She's been banned from leaving Greece while the matter is investigated. 在调查期间她被禁止离开希腊。 2. a ban on 对……的禁令 There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas. 电影院应该禁止大声交谈。 3. impose/lift a ban 颁布/解除禁令 He broke the traffic regulations so severely that he was banned from driving for six months. 他严重违反交通规则，被禁止驾驶六个月。 He broke the traffic regulations so severely that he ________ (ban) from driving for six months. 知识点21 ruin vt.破坏，毁掉 n．毁坏，毁灭 1. ruin one's health/fame/future 损害某人的健康/名声/前途 The scandal ruined his reputation. 丑闻毁了他的声誉。 2. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 The castle lay in ruins after the war. 战后城堡成了一片废墟。 3. fall into ruin 衰落；毁灭 The old temple has fallen into ruin. 这座古庙已破败不堪。 The earthquake left the whole city ________ ruins. 知识点22 conflict n．冲突，战斗；争论 vi.冲突，抵触 1. in conflict with 与……冲突/矛盾 She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现在未来职业选择上与父母有冲突。 2. come into conflict with 与……发生冲突 True economic theories will never come into conflict with moral standards. 真正的经济理论永远不会与道德标准相冲突。 3. conflict with 与……冲突 Avoid including other elements that conflict with the main subject. 避免包含与主题冲突的其他元素。 She found herself ________ conflict with her parents over her future career. 知识点23 consultation n．咨询；商讨；就诊 派生词：consult vt.咨询；查阅；consultant n．顾问 1. consult sb. about sth. 向某人咨询某事 An increasing number of clients are consulting them about Social Security changes. 越来越多的客户向他们咨询社会保障制度的变化。 2. consult a dictionary 查字典 You can consult a dictionary for the meaning of the word. 你可以查字典了解这个词的意思。 The minister today had ________ (consult) with the president. 知识点24 interrupt vt. & vi.打断 派生词：interruption n．中断；打扰 1. interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) （因某事）打断某人/某事 Please don't interrupt me while I'm speaking. 我说话时请不要打断我。 2. be interrupted by 被……所打断 The speech was interrupted by applause. 演讲被掌声打断。 3. without interruption 不间断地 He worked for eight hours without interruption. 他连续工作了八个小时。 Sorry to ________ (interrupt) you, but there's an urgent phone call. 知识点25 motion n．动作；请求；手势 v．运动；打手势 1. in motion 运动中的 The train was already in motion when he jumped on. 他跳上去时火车已经在运动中了。 2. set/put sth. in motion 使某事开始 The plan was set in motion immediately. 计划立即启动了。 3. motion to sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 The guard motioned to me to come forward. 警卫示意我上前。 The guard ________ (motion) to me to come forward. 知识点26 vote n．投票，选举；选票 vt.投票决定；公认；提议 1. vote for/against 投票赞成/反对 Over 60% of members voted for the motion. 超过60%的成员投票赞成该动议。 2. vote to do sth. 投票去做某事 The committee voted to approve the plan. 委员会投票批准了该计划。 3. take/have a vote on 对……进行表决 Let's take a vote on the issue. 让我们就这个问题进行表决。 The committee will vote ________ whether to approve the plan. 知识点27 submit vi.屈服，认输 vt.提交，呈递 派生词：submission n．屈服；提交 1. submit to（介词）屈服于，顺从于 He refused to submit to their demands. 他拒绝屈服于他们的要求。 2. submit sth. to sb./sth. 将……提交给…… You must submit your application by Friday. 你必须在周五前提交申请。 3. in my submission 我认为 In my submission, the plan is flawed. 我认为这个计划有缺陷。 You must submit your application ________ Friday. 知识点28 wear down (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平；使衰弱 1. wear down one's resistance 削弱某人的抵抗 They hoped the waiting would wear down my resistance. 他们希望等待会削弱我的抵抗力。 2. wear out 穿破，磨损；使疲乏 I wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 我去年穿破了两双鞋。 3. wear off 逐渐消失 The effects of the drug will wear off after a few hours. 药效几小时后会逐渐消失。 I ________ (wear) out two pairs of shoes last year. 知识点29 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 1. normal wear and tear 正常磨损 The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal wear and tear. 保险单不包括正常磨损造成的损坏。 2. take a lot of wear and tear 磨损比较严重 Seat covers on buses take a lot of wear and tear. 公交车上的座套磨损比较严重。 The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal ________ (磨损). 知识点30 take shape 成形，有了模样 1. in good/bad shape 身体健康/不健康 He is in good shape for a man of his age. 就他这个年龄的男人来说，他身体很好。 2. out of shape 变形；身体不健康 The front wheel of the bicycle was out of shape. 自行车的前轮变形了。 3. in the shape of 呈现……的形状 The cloud was in the shape of a bear. 云呈现出熊的形状。 After a heated discussion, an idea was beginning to ________ (成形) in his mind. 知识点31 pass on 传递 1. pass...on to... 把……转交给…… The late governor passed on much of his fortune to his daughter. 已故的州长把大部分财产传给了女儿。 2. pass down 传承，传递 She wants to pass down what she's learned to other kids. 她想把自己学到的东西传授给其他孩子。 3. pass away 去世 Her grandfather passed away last winter. 她的祖父去年冬天去世了。 The late governor passed on much of his fortune ________ his daughter. 知识点32 cannot help but do 不得不做……；忍不住做…… 1. cannot help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 He couldn't help laughing when he heard the joke. 听到这个笑话他忍不住笑了。 2. help sb. out 帮某人摆脱困境 Thanks for helping me out when I was in trouble. 感谢你在我困难时帮我摆脱困境。 3. be of great help 非常有帮助 Your advice was of great help to me. 你的建议对我非常有帮助。 Brierley couldn't help but ________ (wonder) about his hometown back in India. 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1.（25-26学年高二下·河南月考）Chen Xianghong, one of the co-founders of the festival, noted that the Wuzhen Theatre Festival is committed to ___43___ (cultivate) young talent, creating sustainable and high-quality cultural experiences, ___44___ making a name for ____45____ (it) as a window into the Chinese theatre scene. 2.（25-26学年高二下·安徽多地月考）Jingdezhen began to produce porcelain as early as the 6th century AD and it ____38____ (witness) rapid increase in production during the Song Dynasty. 3.（25-26学年高二下·江苏苏州月考）The adoption of RL has allowed DeepSeek to enhance its models’ reasoning, adaptability and____62____ (efficient), setting it apart as a frontrunner in the field. 4.（25-26学年高二下·浙江期中考）Each of those chemotherapy comfort bag contains comfort ____63____ (item) to help ease the physical discomfort of chemotherapy procedures. 5.（24-25学年高二下·浙江S9联盟期中）More importantly, the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated. ____61____ (global), having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; ____62____ the contrary, most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks. It also helps the national park management ____63____ (body) to raise some income of their own. 6.（25-26学年高二下·浙江杭州月考） “I watched ___59___ program of China Media Group named National Treasure Archive and the detailed information of the painter of One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains was introduced, ___60___ interested me,” he said, adding that the painter was an ____61____(extreme) gifted young man but was never seen again in history, which is a concept that could ____62____(explore) with science-fiction. 7.（25-26学年高二下·湖南衡阳一中月考） The game’s high-quality production and authentic English subtitles help accurately convey the emotions of the ___44___ (origin) novel. It has helped spread Chinese culture ____45____ export Chinese games to the world,” he added. 8.（25-26学年高二下·湖南月考）Getting to a tourist____64____（attract）early will allow you ____65____（visit）it fully without the problem of a large crowd. 9.（25-26学年高二下·山东济南月考） The bedroom is filled with wooden ________ (家具), like a bed, desk and some shelves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10.（25-26学年高二下·山东济南月考） C________ to her usual cheerful self, she sat silently in the corner today, looking upset. (根据首字母单词拼写) 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1.（25-26学年高二上·湖北荆州期末）With a history of over two thousand years, the Pipa is one of the most ___56___(represent) classical Chinese instruments of traditional Chinese culture. ____57____ (origin) a musical instrument of nomads (牧民), it was later introduced to the Central Plains and gradually became a ___58___ (share) musical treasure among the Han and other minority groups. “Sunny Spring and White Snow”, composed during the Spring and Autumn Period, is a famous classical music piece for the Pipa,____59____also became a metaphor for elegant art forms. During the Tang and Song____60____(dynasty), Pipa art reached its peak. It not only showed its charm in solo performances but also frequently appeared in poetry and paintings. The Pipa exhibits a wide range of ____61____(play) techniques, including plucking, picking, rolling, and sweeping,____62____(give) the Pipa enormous musical expressiveness. The gentle “Spring River on a Moonlit Night” and the intense “Ambush from Ten Sides” are believed ___63___(interpret) perfectly by the Pipa. Not only does the Pipa have a deep mass base in China, but it has also spread to East Asian countries, forming unique Pipa music cultures in each region. With the development of times, the Pipa has built___64___. bridge between tradition and modernity. Modern composers combine the Pipa ___65___various musical styles and its unique sound always makes a great experience. 2.（25-26学年高二下·四川月考）The Grand Canal (大运河) is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___36___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times the length of the Panama Canal. It is ___37___ golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___38___(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems. The canal functioned ___39___ the backbone (支柱) of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, log and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, ___40___(contribute) hugely to ancient China’s economy. The canal ___41___(enormous) promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north and south, ___42___ ensured the country’s ___43___(stable). In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___44___(build) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. In the past 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ___45___(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt. 3.（25-26学年高二下·辽宁月考）In southern China, there is a famous road ____56____ (build) across Poyang Lake, which lies in the north of Jiangxi Province, China and is known as China’s second ____57____ (large) lake. People in China also call it “the most beautiful road under the water”. This road is sure ____58____ (attract) a lot of attention towards the end of May every year. A lot of people come out of ____59____ (curious). The water level of the lake is so close to the surface of the road, ____60____ makes the view ahead broad and bright when people drive along. It’s as though they were taking a boat across the lake. And ____61____ feeling is simply wonderful! For the next few months, this road is not above the surface ____62____ under the water. When the water level of Poyang Lake starts to go up, the road surface becomes unseen. However, drivers can still drive across the lake ____63____ (safe) by watching the guardrails (防撞护栏) fixed on either side of the road. For thrill-seeking motorists, it’s like ____64____ (drive) an amphibious (水陆两栖的) super car. Then in a few days, the entire road ____65____ (flood) with the continuously rising water. A few months later, the road will reappear. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （2025·新高考全国I卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____36____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of ____37____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____38____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____39____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities ____40____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____41____ (try) to beat the opponent ____42____ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____43____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, ____44____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____45____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $