2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考之核心语法综合练习（人教版选择性必修第三册&第四册）)易错重难点考前特训

**基本信息** 该练习系统整合选修三、四核心语法，通过单句、语境补全到语篇应用的递进题型，强化语法知识综合运用，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|50题|单个语法点直接考查|覆盖动词不定式、被动语态等基础语法点| |完成句子|20题|语境语法结构补全|结合语义与语法规则，提升表达准确性| |语篇语法填空|20题|语篇综合语法应用|在语篇中综合运用定语从句、非谓语等，培养上下文理解能力|

考前特训 高二下（Book6-7）期末考之核心语法综合练习（人教版） 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元 核心语法点 单元 核心语法点 选修三 Unit 1 动词不定式作表语 选修四 Unit 1 被动语态 选修三 Unit 2 动词不定式作主语 选修四 Unit 2 过去分词 选修三 Unit 3 直接引语和间接引语 选修四 Unit 3 动词不定式 选修三 Unit 4 现在完成进行时 选修四 Unit 4 短语 选修三 Unit 5 定语从句 选修四 Unit 5 并列复合句 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Since decades ago, the government _____________ (advocate) Eco-tourism routes to promote environmentally-friendly practice. 2．There are many free career aptitude tests on line, ______ give one a try. 3．The girl to ______ you spoke just now is in Class 2. 4．The purpose of the organization is __________ (educate) young people to take action for protecting our environment. 5．New functions __________ (add) to the phone so far to make it more convenient for users. 6．When I passed by, she was sitting there with her head __________ (bury) in work. 7．All the suggestions about reforming the system _________ (reject) by the Prime Minister the other day. 8．__________ (base) on a true story, the film was well received. 9．Despite turning to help a girl in the exam classroom, Lin Qiaozhi ____________ (admit) to Peking Union Medical College. 10．People today tend to make choices of their diets __________ (base) on what they believe. 11．Houses ____________ overlook the lake cost more. 12．The GPNP provides stronger protection for all the species __________ live in this area and improves the health of the ecosystem. 13．The more birds are__________(expose) to light, the more active they are at night. 14．The early warning system enables people __________ (react) quickly before the disaster hits. 15．This is the athlete __________ whom we have learnt a lot. 16．Don’t lie to your instructor; she’s bound __________ (find) out the truth of the matter. 17．Mr. Li, ______ teaches us English, is very kind to us. 18．Up to now social communication ______ (take) over by the Internet. 19．It was apparent that the boy was __________(fascinate) by her fascinating voice. 20．A new library __________ (build) in our school. It will be open to us students next July. 21．__________ (surround) by so many strangers, the young man felt too nervous to speak a word. 22．The players’ personalities are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses __________ (expose) to the competitor. 23．Can I use your computer? Mine __________(repair) at present. 24．Everyone present is very __________ (inspire) by his speech. 25．It’s no use crying over the _____________ (spill) milk. 26．The army sent soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who ___________ (trap) and to bury the dead. 27．The children ran towards us with flowers __________ (hold) in their hands. 28．A presidential election __________(schedule) for last December. 29．It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, __________ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. 30．The century-old bridge __________ (rebuild) to improve its safety, and the workers are working day and night to finish the project before the summer vacation. 31．He has many friends, some of __________ are from foreign countries. 32．Even after years, they could still remember the days ____________ they played basketball as a team. 33．The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works ___________ are known to us． 34．There are far more opportunities for young people than there used ___________(be). 35．She also joined an online group __________ she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others. 36．__________(give) a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 37．____________ (affect) by his uncle, Li Lei is determined to join the army. 38．Yuan _____________ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 39．____________ (occupy) with our study, we have no time to enjoy various activities in the club. 40．I have learned with delight that you __________ (choose) as “the Best Teenager in Xinjiang” recently. 41．Active learners do not judge people ____________ (base) on first impressions or personal feelings. 42．In my opinion, it is very important __________(bridge) the digital divide and make sure everyone has access to the Internet. 43．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to ___________ I went for advice. 44．To tell the truth, you must make every effort to improve you______________ (speak) English． 45．__________ (lose) in thought, he almost knocked on the big tree in front of him. 46．Teenagers are going through a stage ____________ everything seems strange and new to them. 47．George returned after the war, only __________ (tell) that his wife had left him. 48．__________ (expose) to a lot of new ideas when studying in college, Mary always does something that others can't understand. 49．Huge amounts of money__________(spend) on the new bridge last year. 50．It is so sad that this harbor, which is home to various lives as the Earth’s air conditioner, __________ (threaten) by a big fire now. 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 在火星上建立人类第一个永久性定居点，同时解决食物和水源的自给自足问题，这无疑是人类航天史上最雄心勃勃的计划。 _________ _________ _________ _________ the first permanent human settlement on Mars while solving self-sufficiency in food and water is undoubtedly the most ambitious plan in human space history. 2. 我们这次校园义卖活动的最终目标就是为山区留守儿童筹集足够的图书，让他们也能享受阅读的快乐。 The ultimate goal of our campus charity sale_________ _________ _________ enough books for left-behind children in mountainous areas so they can also enjoy the pleasure of reading. 3. 面对全球生物多样性急剧下降的危机，我们既要加强立法保护，也要提高公众的环保意识，共同守护地球家园。 Facing the crisis of rapidly declining global biodiversity, we should strengthen legislative protection, _________ _________ _________ _________ raise public environmental awareness to jointly safeguard our planet. 4. 被那只被遗弃在垃圾桶旁瑟瑟发抖的小狗可怜的模样所触动，张华立刻脱下外套把它裹住抱回了家。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the pitiful appearance of the puppy abandoned by the trash can shivering, Zhang Hua immediately took off his coat to wrap it up and carried it home. 5. 从上学期开始到现在，我们班的英语学习小组一直坚持每周三下午开展两小时的口语角活动，大家的表达能力显著提升。 Since last semester, our class English study group _________ _________ _________ a two-hour English corner every Wednesday afternoon, and everyone's expressive ability has improved markedly. 6. 我永远感激那位在我高考前最焦虑时每晚陪我散步谈心、帮我释放压力的邻居阿姨。 I will always be grateful to the neighbour aunt _________ _________ _________ _________ with me every evening to help me release pressure when I was most anxious before the college entrance examination. 7. 这批由学生志愿者手工制作的环保布袋已经被社区超市采用，替代塑料袋以减少白色污染。 This batch of environmentally friendly cloth bags handmade by student volunteers _________ _________ _________ by community supermarkets to replace plastic bags and reduce white pollution. 8. 为了在社区 elderly 居民中普及智能手机使用技能，这支大学生志愿服务队已经连续两个月每周六上门一对一辅导。 _________ _________ _________ _________ smartphone usage skills among elderly residents in the community, this university student volunteer team has provided one-on-one door-to-door tutoring every Saturday for two consecutive months. 9. 新来的转学生腼腆地对我说："我不太擅长主动交朋友，但真的很希望能融入这个温暖的班集体。" The new transfer student said shyly to me, "I'm not very good at _________ _________ actively, but I really hope to integrate into this warm class collective." 10. 面对高三沉重的学习压力，我们不仅要保证每天七小时的睡眠，而且要抽出时间进行适度运动，维持身心健康。 Facing heavy study pressure in Senior Three, we should not only ensure seven hours of sleep daily, _________ _________ _________ _________ spare time for moderate exercise to maintain physical and mental health. 11. 在虚拟现实中体验不同职业的工作场景，从而更好地规划未来发展方向，这已成为许多高中的新型生涯教育模式。 _________ _________ _________ _________ different career work scenarios in virtual reality to better plan future development directions has become a new career education model in many high schools. 12. 我们这次野外生态考察的核心任务就是观察并记录珍稀鸟类的迁徙规律，为环境保护提供第一手数据。 The core task of our field ecological investigation _________ _________ _________ and record the migration patterns of rare birds to provide first-hand data for environmental protection. 13. 从植树节启动到现在，我们班的责任田项目一直在持续运作，同学们轮流照料已经长成了小树林的树苗。 Since the launch on Arbor Day, our class responsibility field project _________ _________ _________ continuously, with students taking turns to care for the saplings that have grown into a small grove. 14. 我永远敬佩那位放弃海外高薪职位、回国投身乡村教育事业的年轻博士，他用行动诠释了知识分子的担当。 I will always admire the young PhD _________ _________ _________ overseas high-salary positions to return and devote himself to rural education, who interpreted the responsibility of intellectuals with his actions. 15. 被那只年迈的大象在同伴去世后久久徘徊不愿离去的情景所震撼，动物学家们更加坚定了保护野生动物栖息地的决心。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the scene of the elderly elephant lingering and unwilling to leave after its companion's death, zoologists became more determined to protect wildlife habitats. 16. 这批由中学生设计的太阳能智能灌溉系统已经被市农业局试点推广，预计可帮助农户节水百分之三十以上。 This solar-powered intelligent irrigation system designed by middle school students _________ _________ _________ by the Municipal Agriculture Bureau on a trial basis and is expected to help farmers save over thirty percent of water. 17. 为了缓解同学们考试前的紧张情绪，学校心理社推出了"解压工作坊"，通过绘画和音乐帮助大家放松身心。 _________ _________ _________ _________ students' pre-exam tension, the school psychology club launched a "Decompression Workshop" to help everyone relax through painting and music. 18. 广州陈家祠那精湛的岭南建筑装饰艺术已经被列为全国重点文物保护单位，是研究粤式工艺的珍贵活化石。 The exquisite Lingnan architectural decorative art of Guangzhou's Chen Clan Ancestral Hall _________ _________ _________ as a national key cultural relic protection unit and serves as a precious living fossil for studying Cantonese craftsmanship. 19. 面对社交媒体的过度使用，我们既要享受科技带来的便利，也要警惕信息茧房对思维的禁锢，保持独立思考。 Facing excessive use of social media, we should enjoy the convenience brought by technology, _________ _________ _________ be vigilant against the confinement of echo chambers on thinking and maintain independent thought. 20. 被潮州工夫茶那严谨考究的冲泡程序和蕴含的待客之道所折服，这位日本茶道研究者专程前来拜师学艺。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the rigorous and exquisite brewing procedure and the hospitality philosophy contained in Chaozhou Gongfu Tea, the Japanese tea ceremony researcher came specially to apprentice and learn. 二、语法填空：阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) Passage 1 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During ____1____ Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and ____2____ （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to ____3____ （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it ____4____（break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send ____5____ （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code ____6____（base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised ____7____（keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their ____8____（die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing ____9____ the Navajo language. And the code, ____10____ connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ Passage 2 There are moments in life _____1_____ you miss some people so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When one door of happiness closes,_____2_____opens, but often we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which _____3_____(open) for us. Don't go for looks; they can deceive (欺骗). Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone _____4_____ makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Dream what you want _____5_____(dream); go where you want to go; be what you want to be. The _____6_____(happy) people don't _____7_____(necessary) have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that _____8_____(come) along their way. The brightest future will always be based on a _____9_____(forget) past. When you were born, you were crying and everyone _____10_____you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 6 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 高二下（Book6-7）期末考之核心语法综合练习（人教版） 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元 核心语法点 单元 核心语法点 选修三 Unit 1 动词不定式作表语 选修四 Unit 1 被动语态 选修三 Unit 2 动词不定式作主语 选修四 Unit 2 过去分词 选修三 Unit 3 直接引语和间接引语 选修四 Unit 3 动词不定式 选修三 Unit 4 现在完成进行时 选修四 Unit 4 短语 选修三 Unit 5 定语从句 选修四 Unit 5 并列复合句 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Since decades ago, the government _____________ (advocate) Eco-tourism routes to promote environmentally-friendly practice. 【答案】has been advocating 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：几十年来，政府一直在倡导生态旅游路线，以促进环保实践。根据时间状语Since decades ago可知，应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，主语为the government，助动词用has。故填has been advocating。 2．There are many free career aptitude tests on line, ______ give one a try. 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：网上有很多免费的职业能力倾向测试，所以试试吧。结合句意可知，前面因，后面果，用并列连词so (所以)。故填so。 3．The girl to ______ you spoke just now is in Class 2. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你刚才与之交谈的那个女孩在二班。“to ______ you spoke just now”是定语从句，修饰先行词The girl，指人，在定语从句作介词to的宾语，用关系代词whom，构成“介词to+whom”引导的定语从句。故填whom。 4．The purpose of the organization is __________ (educate) young people to take action for protecting our environment. 【答案】to educate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个组织的目的是教育年轻人为保护环境采取行动。句中用不定式作表语，表示目的性。根据句意，故填to educate。 5．New functions __________ (add) to the phone so far to make it more convenient for users. 【答案】have been added 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这款手机已经新增了诸多功能，为用户使用提供更多便利。此空为谓语动词，主语New functions和add是被动关系，且so far是现在完成时标志，所以用现在完成时被动have been added。 6．When I passed by, she was sitting there with her head __________ (bury) in work. 【答案】buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我路过时，她正坐在那里埋头工作。with her head ______ (bury) in work是with构成的复合结构作伴随状语，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，head与bury 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填buried。 7．All the suggestions about reforming the system _________ (reject) by the Prime Minister the other day. 【答案】were rejected 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：日前，首相否决了所有有关改革该制度的建议。主语suggestions与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文the other day可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were rejected。 8．__________ (base) on a true story, the film was well received. 【答案】Based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影基于真实故事，广受好评。短语be based on表示“基于”，省略be动词，用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Based。 9．Despite turning to help a girl in the exam classroom, Lin Qiaozhi ____________ (admit) to Peking Union Medical College. 【答案】was admitted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：尽管在考试时帮助了一个女孩，林巧稚还是被北京协和医学院所录取。此处作谓语动词，主语Lin Qiaozhi为单数，与admit之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时，故填was admitted。 【点睛】 10．People today tend to make choices of their diets __________ (base) on what they believe. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：今天的人们倾向于根据自己的信仰来选择饮食。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语作后置定语修饰名词diets，diets和base之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用过去分词。故填based。 11．Houses ____________ overlook the lake cost more. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：可以俯瞰湖的房屋价格更高。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是Houses，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 12．The GPNP provides stronger protection for all the species __________ live in this area and improves the health of the ecosystem. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP为该地区所有物种提供更强有力的保护，并改善生态系统的健康。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词species。关系词在从句中作主语，先行词species指物，且先行词前有all修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。 13．The more birds are__________(expose) to light, the more active they are at night. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：鸟类暴露在光照下的时间越长，它们在夜间就越活跃。由句意可知，该句子在描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时；birds和动词expose之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动，即are exposed，构成固定短语be exposed to，表示“暴露在……”。空前已有are，所以填exposed。故填exposed。 14．The early warning system enables people __________ (react) quickly before the disaster hits. 【答案】to react 【详解】句意：这个预警系统能让人们在灾难发生之前迅速做出反应。enable sb. to do意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to react。 15．This is the athlete __________ whom we have learnt a lot. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们从这个运动员身上学到很多。分析句子可知，“the athlete__________ whom we have learnt a lot.”是定语从句，athlete是先行词，指人。此句是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，learn from sb.意为“向某人学习”，此处将介词from前移，故填whom。 16．Don’t lie to your instructor; she’s bound __________ (find) out the truth of the matter. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：不要对你的导师撒谎；她肯定会查明真相。be bound to do sth.表示“肯定会做某事”，故空处应用不定式形式。故填to find。 17．Mr. Li, ______ teaches us English, is very kind to us. 【答案】who 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：教我们英语的李老师对我们很好。先行词Mr. Li指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系代词为who，故填who。 18．Up to now social communication ______ (take) over by the Internet. 【答案】has been taken 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，社交已经被互联网所取代。根据时间状语“Up to now(到目前为止)”可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，句子时态应用现在完成时。主语social communication”（社交）为不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以助动词用 has。又因为主语social communication与动词短语take over之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been taken。 19．It was apparent that the boy was __________(fascinate) by her fascinating voice. 【答案】fascinated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：很明显，男孩被她迷人的声音迷住了。分析句子可知，空一是谓语动词，fascinate与主语the boy是被动关系，用被动语态，空前有was，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填fascinated。 20．A new library __________ (build) in our school. It will be open to us students next July. 【答案】is being built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们学校正在建一座新图书馆。它将于明年七月对我们学生开放。分析语境可知，后句提示图书馆尚未建成，前句应表示“图书馆正在被建造”；主语a new library与build是被动关系，且动作正在进行，需用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are being + 过去分词，主语为单数，be动词使用is。故填is being built。 21．__________ (surround) by so many strangers, the young man felt too nervous to speak a word. 【答案】Surrounded 【详解】句意：被众多陌生人包围着，这个年轻人紧张得一句话都说不出来。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the young man和surround为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式surrounded，句首字母需大写。 22．The players’ personalities are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses __________ (expose) to the competitor. 【答案】are exposed 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛过程中，运动员们的个性得以展现，而自身的弱点也会暴露给对手。空处作句子的谓语，结合“are revealed”可知，时态为一般现在时，描述通常性的情况，短语be exposed to意为“暴露于”，expose和主语one’s weaknesses之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are exposed。 23．Can I use your computer? Mine __________(repair) at present. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：我可以用一下你的电脑吗？我的现在正在修理。分析句意并根据时间状语at present，句子描述现在正在发生的事情用现在进行时，Mine指代“我的电脑”，与谓语动词repair构成逻辑上的被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为单数，谓语单数形式。故填is being repaired。 24．Everyone present is very __________ (inspire) by his speech. 【答案】inspired 【详解】考查动词。句意：在场的每个人都被他的演讲所鼓舞。主语Everyone与inspire之间为被动关系，所以is后用动词的过去分词形式。根据句意，故填inspired。 25．It’s no use crying over the _____________ (spill) milk. 【答案】spilt 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为溢出的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词spill和被修饰的名词milk是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，作定语，表示被动和完成。故填spilt。 26．The army sent soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who ___________ (trap) and to bury the dead. 【答案】were trapped 【详解】考查时态语态的主谓一致。句意：军队派士兵去唐山挖出那些被困的人，并埋葬死者。trap(把……困在)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(即先行词those)之间是被动关系，结合语境可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是复数代词，谓语用复数形式。故填were trapped。 27．The children ran towards us with flowers __________ (hold) in their hands. 【答案】held 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：孩子们手里拿着花朝我们跑过来。分析句子结构可知，本句考查with的复合结构，此处的flowers与动词hold之间存在被动关系，应填入过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填held。 28．A presidential election __________(schedule) for last December. 【答案】was scheduled 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：总统选举原定于去年12月举行。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合时间状语可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A presidential election，谓语用单数。故填was scheduled。 29．It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, __________ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：过去，农舍，尤其是长江下游地区的农舍，通常都带有一个绘有花卉图案的灶头。“It was +形容词+for... to do sth”是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，此处用不定式形式to have作主语。 30．The century-old bridge __________ (rebuild) to improve its safety, and the workers are working day and night to finish the project before the summer vacation. 【答案】is being rebuilt 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这座百年老桥正在被重建以提高其安全性，工人们正日夜工作以便在暑假前完成这项工程。workers are working day and night表明重建工作正在进行，且桥是“被重建”，要用被动语态，此处用现在进行时的被动语态。主语单数，be动词用is。故填is being rebuilt。 31．He has many friends, some of __________ are from foreign countries. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他有很多朋友，其中一些来自国外。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词many friends，为人，在从句中作of后宾语，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 32．Even after years, they could still remember the days ____________ they played basketball as a team. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：即使多年以后，他们仍然记得他们作为一个团队打篮球的日子。句中先行词为the days，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。 33．The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works ___________ are known to us． 【答案】that 【详解】句意：演讲者会告诉我们一些我们都熟知的作家和他们的作品。分析句子可知，“　　 are known to us．”是定语从句，修饰先行词some writers and their works，先行词里既有“人”也有“物”，且在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导该定语从句，故填that。 34．There are far more opportunities for young people than there used ___________(be). 【答案】to be 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：年轻人的机会比过去多得多。分析句子结构可知，此处为used to do 意为“过去常常……”符合句意，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to be。 35．She also joined an online group __________ she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她还加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以谈论自己的问题，并从其他人那里获得支持和建议。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为an online group，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 36．__________(give) a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 【答案】Given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：给我几分钟时间，我就能把它做完了。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，且give和主语I之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首注意首字母大写。故填Given。 37．____________ (affect) by his uncle, Li Lei is determined to join the army. 【答案】Affected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李雷受叔叔的影响，决心参军。结合空后的“by his uncle”可知，动词affect和逻辑主语Li Lei之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Affected。 38．Yuan _____________ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 【答案】was convinced 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：袁隆平相信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。本句作主句谓语动词，根据could be found可知，主句描述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，且主语Yuan和convince之间是被动关系，表示“袁隆平被说服（相信）”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was convinced。 39．____________ (occupy) with our study, we have no time to enjoy various activities in the club. 【答案】Occupied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于学习，我们没有时间享受俱乐部的各种活动。此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词短语be occupied with意为“忙于……”，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式occupied作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Occupied。 40．I have learned with delight that you __________ (choose) as “the Best Teenager in Xinjiang” recently. 【答案】have been chosen 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我欣喜地得知，你近日获评“新疆最佳青少年”。空处为从句的谓语动词，主语you和choose之间为被动关系，结合时间状语recently可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是you，助动词用have。故填have been chosen。 41．Active learners do not judge people ____________ (base) on first impressions or personal feelings. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断别人。设空处为非谓语作后置定语，和其逻辑主语people之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词过去分词。故填based。 42．In my opinion, it is very important __________(bridge) the digital divide and make sure everyone has access to the Internet. 【答案】to bridge 【详解】考查不定式作主语。句意：在我看来，弥合数字鸿沟并确保每个人都可以访问互联网很重要。分析句子，本句使用了it作形式主语的句式：It is+ 形容词+ to do sth.，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语。结合句中英文提示，故填to bridge。 43．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to ___________ I went for advice. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那是在1952年，曼德拉是那个我向他寻求建议的黑人律师。to ___________ I went for advice是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是the black lawyer，指人，用关系代词whom替代先行词作介词to的宾语。故填whom。 44．To tell the truth, you must make every effort to improve you______________ (speak) English． 【答案】spoken 【详解】考察过去分词。句意：说实话，你必须努力提高你的英语口语。spoken English表示“英语口语”，用speak的过去分词形式做形容词，修饰English，故填spoken。 45．__________ (lose) in thought, he almost knocked on the big tree in front of him. 【答案】Lost 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于陷入沉思，他差点儿撞上了前面的大树。be lost in“陷入……，专心于……”，固定短语，本句已有谓语动词，且前后没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，将be省略，所以空处需用lost，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Lost。 46．Teenagers are going through a stage ____________ everything seems strange and new to them. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：青少年正在经历一个一切对他们来说都是陌生和新鲜的阶段。空处引导定语从句，先行词是stage，关系词替代先行词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 47．George returned after the war, only __________ (tell) that his wife had left him. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：战争结束后乔治回来了，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。此处表示出乎意料的结果，用only to do；且tell与George构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be told。 48．__________ (expose) to a lot of new ideas when studying in college, Mary always does something that others can't understand. 【答案】Exposed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：读大学时接触了许多新思想，Mary总是做一些他人无法理解的事情。词组be exposed to意为“被暴露于、使接触”。分析句子可知，“读大学时接触了许多新思想”是Mary做别人无法理解之事的原因，故用过去分词做原因状语。故填Exposed。 49．Huge amounts of money__________(spend) on the new bridge last year. 【答案】were spent 【详解】考查主谓一致，被动语态。句意：去年在这座新桥上花了大量的钱。根据句子主语Huge amounts of money可知，谓语要与amounts保持一致，因此谓语动词需要使用复数，因为主语money与spend是被动关系，以及时间状语last year可知，需使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were spent。 50．It is so sad that this harbor, which is home to various lives as the Earth’s air conditioner, __________ (threaten) by a big fire now. 【答案】is being threatened 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：令人悲伤的是，这个作为地球空调的各种生命家园的港口，现在正受到一场大火的威胁。主语this harbor后缺少谓语动词，根据now可知，用现在进行时，harbor和threaten是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填is being threatened。 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 在火星上建立人类第一个永久性定居点，同时解决食物和水源的自给自足问题，这无疑是人类航天史上最雄心勃勃的计划。 _________ _________ _________ _________ the first permanent human settlement on Mars while solving self-sufficiency in food and water is undoubtedly the most ambitious plan in human space history. 【答案】To establish and build 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句中"建立定居点"作为句子的主语，需用动词不定式。故填 To establish and build。 2. 我们这次校园义卖活动的最终目标就是为山区留守儿童筹集足够的图书，让他们也能享受阅读的快乐。 The ultimate goal of our campus charity sale_________ _________ _________ enough books for left-behind children in mountainous areas so they can also enjoy the pleasure of reading. 【答案】is to raise 【详解】考查动词不定式作表语。句中"筹集图书"说明主语goal的具体内容，需用动词不定式作表语。故填 is to raise。 3. 面对全球生物多样性急剧下降的危机，我们既要加强立法保护，也要提高公众的环保意识，共同守护地球家园。 Facing the crisis of rapidly declining global biodiversity, we should strengthen legislative protection, _________ _________ _________ _________ raise public environmental awareness to jointly safeguard our planet. 【答案】and we must also 【详解】考查并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句，we must also意为"而且我们也必须"，构成并列复合句表示递进关系。故填 and we must also。 4. 被那只被遗弃在垃圾桶旁瑟瑟发抖的小狗可怜的模样所触动，张华立刻脱下外套把它裹住抱回了家。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the pitiful appearance of the puppy abandoned by the trash can shivering, Zhang Hua immediately took off his coat to wrap it up and carried it home. 【答案】Deeply moved and touched 【详解】考查过去分词。句中"被触动"与主语Zhang Hua之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Deeply moved and touched。 5. 从上学期开始到现在，我们班的英语学习小组一直坚持每周三下午开展两小时的口语角活动，大家的表达能力显著提升。 Since last semester, our class English study group _________ _________ _________ a two-hour English corner every Wednesday afternoon, and everyone's expressive ability has improved markedly. 【答案】has been holding 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。since引导的时间状语与现在完成进行时连用，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作；has been holding意为"一直在开展"。故填 has been holding。 6. 我永远感激那位在我高考前最焦虑时每晚陪我散步谈心、帮我释放压力的邻居阿姨。 I will always be grateful to the neighbour aunt _________ _________ _________ _________ with me every evening to help me release pressure when I was most anxious before the college entrance examination. 【答案】who walked and talked 【详解】考查定语从句。who引导定语从句修饰先行词aunt，在从句中作主语；who walked and talked意为"陪我散步谈心的"。故填 who walked and talked。 7. 这批由学生志愿者手工制作的环保布袋已经被社区超市采用，替代塑料袋以减少白色污染。 This batch of environmentally friendly cloth bags handmade by student volunteers _________ _________ _________ by community supermarkets to replace plastic bags and reduce white pollution. 【答案】has been adopted 【详解】考查被动语态。句中"已经被采用"表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语bags与adopt之间为被动关系。故填 has been adopted。 8. 为了在社区 elderly 居民中普及智能手机使用技能，这支大学生志愿服务队已经连续两个月每周六上门一对一辅导。 _________ _________ _________ _________ smartphone usage skills among elderly residents in the community, this university student volunteer team has provided one-on-one door-to-door tutoring every Saturday for two consecutive months. 【答案】To popularize and teach 【详解】考查动词不定式。句首用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示"为了……"。故填 To popularize and teach。 9. 新来的转学生腼腆地对我说："我不太擅长主动交朋友，但真的很希望能融入这个温暖的班集体。" The new transfer student said shyly to me, "I'm not very good at _________ _________ actively, but I really hope to integrate into this warm class collective." 【答案】making friends 【详解】考查直接引语。引号内为直接引用的转学生原话，be good at making friends意为"擅长交朋友"。故填 making friends。 10. 面对高三沉重的学习压力，我们不仅要保证每天七小时的睡眠，而且要抽出时间进行适度运动，维持身心健康。 Facing heavy study pressure in Senior Three, we should not only ensure seven hours of sleep daily, _________ _________ _________ _________ spare time for moderate exercise to maintain physical and mental health. 【答案】but we should also 【详解】考查并列复合句。not only...but also...连接两个并列分句，but we should also意为"而且我们也应该"，构成并列复合句表示递进关系。故填 but we should also。 11. 在虚拟现实中体验不同职业的工作场景，从而更好地规划未来发展方向，这已成为许多高中的新型生涯教育模式。 _________ _________ _________ _________ different career work scenarios in virtual reality to better plan future development directions has become a new career education model in many high schools. 【答案】To experience and explore 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句中"体验职业场景"作为句子的主语，需用动词不定式。故填 To experience and explore。 12. 我们这次野外生态考察的核心任务就是观察并记录珍稀鸟类的迁徙规律，为环境保护提供第一手数据。 The core task of our field ecological investigation _________ _________ _________ and record the migration patterns of rare birds to provide first-hand data for environmental protection. 【答案】is to observe 【详解】考查动词不定式作表语。句中"观察记录"说明主语task的具体内容，需用动词不定式作表语。故填 is to observe。 13. 从植树节启动到现在，我们班的责任田项目一直在持续运作，同学们轮流照料已经长成了小树林的树苗。 Since the launch on Arbor Day, our class responsibility field project _________ _________ _________ continuously, with students taking turns to care for the saplings that have grown into a small grove. 【答案】has been operating 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。since引导的时间状语与现在完成进行时连用，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作；has been operating意为"一直在运作"。故填 has been operating。 14. 我永远敬佩那位放弃海外高薪职位、回国投身乡村教育事业的年轻博士，他用行动诠释了知识分子的担当。 I will always admire the young PhD _________ _________ _________ overseas high-salary positions to return and devote himself to rural education, who interpreted the responsibility of intellectuals with his actions. 【答案】who gave up 【详解】考查定语从句。who引导定语从句修饰先行词PhD，在从句中作主语；who gave up意为"放弃了的"。故填 who gave up。 15. 被那只年迈的大象在同伴去世后久久徘徊不愿离去的情景所震撼，动物学家们更加坚定了保护野生动物栖息地的决心。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the scene of the elderly elephant lingering and unwilling to leave after its companion's death, zoologists became more determined to protect wildlife habitats. 【答案】Deeply shocked and moved 【详解】考查过去分词。句中"被震撼"与主语zoologists之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Deeply shocked and moved。 16. 这批由中学生设计的太阳能智能灌溉系统已经被市农业局试点推广，预计可帮助农户节水百分之三十以上。 This solar-powered intelligent irrigation system designed by middle school students _________ _________ _________ by the Municipal Agriculture Bureau on a trial basis and is expected to help farmers save over thirty percent of water. 【答案】has been promoted 【详解】考查被动语态。句中"已经被试点推广"表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语system与promote之间为被动关系。故填 has been promoted。 17. 为了缓解同学们考试前的紧张情绪，学校心理社推出了"解压工作坊"，通过绘画和音乐帮助大家放松身心。 _________ _________ _________ _________ students' pre-exam tension, the school psychology club launched a "Decompression Workshop" to help everyone relax through painting and music. 【答案】To relieve and ease 【详解】考查动词不定式。句首用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示"为了……"。故填 To relieve and ease。 18. 广州陈家祠那精湛的岭南建筑装饰艺术已经被列为全国重点文物保护单位，是研究粤式工艺的珍贵活化石。 The exquisite Lingnan architectural decorative art of Guangzhou's Chen Clan Ancestral Hall _________ _________ _________ as a national key cultural relic protection unit and serves as a precious living fossil for studying Cantonese craftsmanship. 【答案】has been listed 【详解】考查被动语态。句中"已经被列为"表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语art与list之间为被动关系。故填 has been listed。 19. 面对社交媒体的过度使用，我们既要享受科技带来的便利，也要警惕信息茧房对思维的禁锢，保持独立思考。 Facing excessive use of social media, we should enjoy the convenience brought by technology, _________ _________ _________ be vigilant against the confinement of echo chambers on thinking and maintain independent thought. 【答案】and we must also 【详解】考查并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句，we must also意为"而且我们也必须"，构成并列复合句表示递进关系。故填 and we must also。 20. 被潮州工夫茶那严谨考究的冲泡程序和蕴含的待客之道所折服，这位日本茶道研究者专程前来拜师学艺。 _________ _________ _________ _________ by the rigorous and exquisite brewing procedure and the hospitality philosophy contained in Chaozhou Gongfu Tea, the Japanese tea ceremony researcher came specially to apprentice and learn. 【答案】Conquered and convinced thoroughly 【详解】考查过去分词。句中"被折服"与主语researcher之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Conquered and convinced thoroughly。 二、语法填空：阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) Passage 1 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During ____1____ Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and ____2____ （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to ____3____ （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it ____4____（break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send ____5____ （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code ____6____（base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised ____7____（keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their ____8____（die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing ____9____ the Navajo language. And the code, ____10____ connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 【答案】 1．the 2．learned/learnt 3．their 4．had been broken 5．secrets 6．based 7．to keep 8．deaths 9．about 10．which 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二战时期不同国家使用的一些语言密码。 1．考查冠词。此处特指第二次世界大战，序数词前面要用定冠词 the。故填the。 2．考查时态。根据前文During the Second World War可知是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 3．考查代词。此处表示日本人也用密码跟他们的船只交流，修饰名词ships应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4．考查时态及语态。根据前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知，美国人破解了密码，但日本人不知道密码已经被破解了。break动作发生在didn’t know之前，故本空应用过去完成时，且根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故填 had been broken。 5．考查名词复数。根据语境可知美国人用密码传递秘密，秘密不可能是一个，应用复数 secrets。故填secrets。 6．考查过去分词。此处指一些纳瓦霍印第安人以他们的语言为基础创造了密码。be based on意为“以……为基础”，本空应用过去分词based。故填based。 7．考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意为“承诺做某事”，本空应用to keep作宾语。故填to keep。 8．考查名词复数。设空处作动词cause的宾语，并且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以用名词复数。故填deaths。 9．考查介词。根据语境可知，他们对纳瓦霍印第安人的语言一无所知。know nothing about...意为“对……一无所知”，本空应介词 about。故填about。 10．考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the code, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。故填which。 Passage 2 There are moments in life _____1_____ you miss some people so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When one door of happiness closes,_____2_____opens, but often we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which _____3_____(open) for us. Don't go for looks; they can deceive (欺骗). Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone _____4_____ makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Dream what you want _____5_____(dream); go where you want to go; be what you want to be. The _____6_____(happy) people don't _____7_____(necessary) have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that _____8_____(come) along their way. The brightest future will always be based on a _____9_____(forget) past. When you were born, you were crying and everyone _____10_____you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying. 【答案】 1．when 2．another 3．has been opened 4．who 5．to dream 6．happiest 7．necessarily 8．comes 9．forgotten 10．around 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在生活中的一些体会：快乐的人不一定拥有最好的东西，他们只是珍惜人生中的一切，善于抓住生活中美好的一面，时刻对未来充满期许。 【详解】 1．考查定语从句。句意：生命中很多时候你会特别想念一些人以至于你想把他们从梦中拉出来，紧紧地拥抱他们。在先行词为时间名词moments，从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。 2．考查形容词。句意：当一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇就会打开，但我们常常盯着那扇关闭的门太久，而看不到另一扇为我们打开的门。another意为“另一，又一”，符合语境，故填another。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：当一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇就会打开，但我们常常盯着那扇关闭的门太久，而看不到另一扇为我们打开的门。根据语境，从句中的谓语应为现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been opened。 4．考查定语从句的先行词。句意：寻找那些让你微笑的人，因为仅一个微笑就能让黑暗的一天雨过天晴。先行词someone是指人的不定代词，定语从句中谓语动词makes缺主语，故填who。 5．考查动词的固定搭配。句意：做你想做的梦吧.去你想去的地方吧.成为你想成为的人吧。动词want后面加动词不定式，故此处应填to dream。 6．考查形容词的最高级。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。由空前的the和空后的best可知此处要用最高级，此处应填happiest。 7．考查副词。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。动词have要用副词来修饰，故填necessarily，意为“必要地”。 8．考查时态。句意：他们只是充分利用他们所拥有的东西。他们这里说的是客观事实，故用一般现在时；定语从句的关系代词that指代先行词everything，故该空填动词的第三人称单数comes。 9．考查过去分词。句意：忘掉过去你将迎来美好的未来。Forgotten是forget的过去分词。名词past意为“过去”，和forget之间为动宾关系，故填过去分词作定语，故填forgotten。 10．考查副词。句意：当你出生时，你在哭泣而你周边的人在微笑。around意为“环绕，在周围”，符合语境，故填around。 【点睛】that在定语从句中是既可以指人也可以 指物，当先行词是all, something,nothing等不定代词用that，这是that和which在比较是都在指物的情况下，不包括指人时。当先行词是those, one ,ones, anyone ,someone等并且指人时，我们只用who。 从句中要注意先行词和动词的对应关系。一般现在时主语为第三人称单数，动词要用三单；主语为非第三人称单数，动词用原形。 2 / 14乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $