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八年级英语 人教版 〔Unit 1~Unit 6〕 （试卷页数：8页，考试时间：120分钟，总分：120分） 第一部分 听力（共四节，满分30分） 第一节 听句子，选择最佳答语（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 1. A. I was late for class. B. I was still working. C. Some flowers. 2. A. I agree with you. B. Be careful with fire. C. How brave they are! 3. A. Yes. It was awful. B. Are you sure? C. Go ahead. 4. A. Cheers! B. Chopsticks. C. Good luck! 5. A. It’s impolite. B. I’m afraid not. C. We offer some tea. 第二节 听对话和问题，选择正确答案（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分） 6. What was Lily doing at the time of the rainstorm? A. B. C. 7. How do people in Li Tong’s country greet each other? A. B. C. 8. Why doesn’t the boy want to go to school today? A. Because there is an exam today. B. Because he doesn’t feel well. C. Because he has another plan. 9. What does the boy’s mother tell the boy to do? A. To stay positive and confident. B. To spend more time on lessons. C. To stay at home. 10. What’s wrong with the boy? A. He has a bad cold. B. He has a headache. C. He has a sore throat. 11. When did it start? A. One day ago. B. Two days ago. C. Three days ago. 12. What does the doctor advise the boy to do? A. Go to bed early. B. Do more exercise. C. Take some medicine. 13. What is Yanyan’s birthday gift? A. A dictionary. B. A schoolbag. C. A book. 14. Why does Yanyan accept the gift with both hands? A. To show her politeness and thanks. B. To introduce a Chinese tradition. C. To express her surprise. 15. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Birthday wishes. B. Western rules. C. Different traditions. 16. Where was Harry at that time? A. At the zoo. B. On the playground. C. In the park. 17. How did Harry go back home? A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. 18. Why did Gina go to Rick’s home? A. Because she wanted to ask him for help. B. Because she would go to his birthday party. C. Because she would help him to prepare for the party. 第三节 听短文和问题，选择正确答案（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 19. How long did the snowstorm last? A. For 8 hours. B. For 10 hours. C. For 12 hours. 20. Why did the young people meet at the town centre? A. To send medicine. B. To clean up the roads. C. To raise some money. 21. What advice did the news give? A. Wearing warm clothes. B. Preparing more food. C. Drinking more water. 22. Where did Alex read about table manners? A. In a magazine. B. On a website. C. In a newspaper. 23. When can you make some noise in Japan? A. When eating noodles. B. When drinking water. C. When having ice cream. 24. What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A. It’s funny. B. It’s boring. C. It’s impolite. 25. What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A. Learn to speak their language. B. Prepare some special presents. C. Learn about their table manners. 第四节 听短文填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） After-School Activities Zhao Jing 26. She enjoys reading biology books and wants to study ___________ in a university. Wang He 27. He loves to collect ___________. Sun Lilin 28. She likes art a lot. She is very ___________ when drawing. Li Xiang 29. He likes doing sports. He runs with his parents every ___________. Zhou Hai 30. He loves to ___________ with his British friends online. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last month, our city experienced a strong typhoon. Before it came, the weather report ____1____ us to stay at home and get ready for it. My family and I ____2____ lots of food, water and candles. We also closed all the windows tightly and moved the plants from the balcony (阳台) into the room. When the typhoon arrived, the wind blew ____3____ and the rain poured heavily. The trees outside were shaking strongly, and some branches even ____4____ off. We turned off the TV and computer to keep safe, and sat in the living room talking. My little sister was a bit scared at first, but we told her to stay ____5____ and everything would be fine. After the typhoon ended, we went outside to check the ____6____. Many roads were covered with fallen leaves and branches, and some street signs were ____7____. But ____8____, our house was not damaged. The next day, workers came to clean the roads and repair the broken signs. This ____9____ taught me that it’s very important to follow the early warnings of disasters and prepare well. It also made me realize that following rules and working together can help us ____10____ difficult times easily. From then on, I pay more attention to weather reports and learn more about how to deal with different kinds of disasters. 1. A. told B. said C. spoke D. talked 2. A. sold B. bought C. borrowed D. gave 3. A. softly B. gently C. strongly D. quietly 4. A. jumped B. fell C. got D. turned 5. A. angry B. sad C. calm D. excited 6. A. situation B. information C. direction D. instruction 7. A. broken B. fixed C. new D. clean 8. A. unfortunately B. luckily C. sadly D. suddenly 9. A. accident B. plan C. message D. experience 10. A. bite through B. look through C. sweep through D. get through 第二节 短文填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is China’s Mother River. It plays ____11____ important role in Chinese culture. It is always ____12____ (value) for trade and farming. The Yellow River is one of the ____13____ (long) rivers in Asia. It is about 5,464 ____14____ (kilometre) long. It flows (流动) all the way through nine provinces ____15____ covers a large area of China. We call it the Yellow River because of all the yellow silt (淤泥) that it picks up along its course. It ____16____ (carry) more silt than any other river in the world. ____17____ China’s early history, the Yellow River was the birthplace of Chinese civilization. It’s said that the Xia Dynasty started there. People used the Yellow River ____18____ (water) farmland. As a result, crops grew very well along ____19____ (it) riverbanks. The Yellow River also caused floods. One of the worst floods ____20____ (happen) during the Yuan Dynasty. This flood killed millions ____21____ people. It was one of the worst ____22____ (nature) disasters in Chinese history. Nowadays, people in China ____23____ (work) hard to make the river safer, prettier and ____24____ (useful). They are creating different projects to prevent the floods and beautify the river’s banks. At the same time, the river’s water power is also being ____25____ (proper) used to make electricity. In the future, the Yellow River is expected to be more beautiful. 第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When in Rome, do as the Romans do! Meal time Lunch is eaten LATER (after midday, sometimes at 1:00 p.m.). Dinner is around 7:00 p.m. or even later. How to eat food Knives and forks are used for most food. Being served At the start of a meal, a guest will be invited to serve himself (“Help yourself!”), or his plate will be filled by the host (“Can I serve you?”). Refusing food Given something you don’t like? Push it to the edge of the plate and leave it there. And say “I’m sorry. I can’t eat this.” Offered more food, but can’t eat any more? Just say “No, thanks. It’s delicious, but I’ve had enough.” At the end of the meal Stay and talk around the dinner table long after the last dish has been brought to the table. Leave as soon as you finish eating? NO! The golden rule Watch the other people. Do as they do! 26. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. Around 7:00 p.m. or even later. B. At 5:00 in the afternoon. C. About midday. D. Before 7:00 p.m. 27. What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A. “Can I help you?” B. “Eat slowly!” C. “Help yourself!” D. “Could you serve me?” 28. Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the West according to the text? A. You can leave as soon as you finish eating. B. You can refuse the food you don’t like without saying anything. C. If you are offered more food, you must finish all of it even if you are full. D. If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. B Last year, I was at home doing my homework when an earthquake suddenly happened. At first, I felt the floor shaking slightly. I thought it was just a small shake, so I didn’t pay much attention. But soon, the shaking became stronger and stronger. The books on the shelf fell off, and the chandelier (吊灯) above my head was swinging heavily. I remembered what my teacher taught me about earthquake safety: stay calm, hide under a strong table, and hold on to the table legs. I quickly crawled under my desk and covered my head with my hands. My parents were in the living room. I heard my dad shout, “Stay under the table! Don’t move!” The earthquake lasted for about two minutes. When it stopped, we slowly came out from under the furniture. We checked the house and found that some windows were broken, and a bookshelf had fallen over. But luckily, no one in my family was hurt. After that, we turned on the radio to get news about the earthquake. We learned that many houses in the nearby town were damaged, and some people were sent to the hospital. The government soon sent rescue teams to help. This experience made me know how important it is to learn about disaster safety. 29. What was the writer doing when the earthquake happened? A. Watching TV. B. Doing homework. C. Eating dinner. D. Talking with parents. 30. What did the writer do first when the earthquake started? A. He/She hid under the desk at once. B. He/She ran out of the house. C. He/She didn’t pay much attention to it. D. He/She called the police. 31. What did the writer learn from this experience? A. Earthquakes are not dangerous. B. He/She should not stay at home alone. C. He/She should move to a new house. D. It’s important to learn about disaster safety. C Thailand is known as the “Land of Smiles”. When you spend your holiday in Thailand, you’d better keep these simple tips in mind. Personal image (个人形象) is very important in Thailand as a sign of respect for other people. Your clothes should be tidy, clean and free from holes. Shorts and sleeveless (无袖的) shirts are impolite in temples. Remember that you need to take off your shoes when entering rooms. So don’t wear shoes that are not easy to put on and take off. The rules are even stricter for foreign visitors, so even if you see a local in shorts, it’s not OK for you. It’s not polite to touch a Thai on the head, including children. For Thais, the head is the most sacred (神圣的) part of the body. At the same time, don’t touch people with your feet, or even point with them because they think feet are the lowest and dirtiest. When sitting on the ground, try to sit in a way that doesn’t show others the bottoms of your feet. Always keep the rules of saving face in mind. Keep your cool even when things go wrong; you’ll be respected for doing so. For example, don’t complain (抱怨) when your bus breaks down. Instead, smile and say “mai pen rai”. 32. Which of the following are bad manners in Thailand? ① Wear clean and tidy clothes. ② Touch a lovely baby’s head. ③ Show someone the bottoms of your feet. ④ Take off your shoes before entering a room. ⑤ Wear shorts or jeans with holes. ⑥ Avoid showing strong anger or shouting in public places. A. ①④⑤⑥ B. ③④⑥ C. ②③⑤ D. ②③⑥ 33. Why shouldn’t people touch others or point at others with their feet in Thailand? A. Because Thais use feet to take off shoes in temples. B. Because Thais think feet are the lowest and dirtiest part of the body. C. Because showing the bottoms of feet is a way to save face. D. Because using feet will make others complain in public. 34. Which has the same meaning as “mai pen rai”? A. My pleasure. B. I’m sorry about that. C. It’s OK. Don’t worry. D. That’s great. 35. What is the text mainly about? A. What to wear in Thailand. B. Dos and don’ts in Thailand. C. The language spoken in Thailand. D. Different meanings about feet. D China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guests can eat. At the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, how happy we are! 36. What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Welcoming. B. Hard-working. C. Creative. D. Nervous. 37. What will the host probably do for you when you visit a Chinese family? ①Make tea. ②Prepare a meal. ③Serve some snacks. ④Have a party. A. ①②④ B. ①②③ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 38. Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks up food for him? A. Because it makes him happy. B. Because he thinks it’s not necessary. C. Because he doesn’t like the food. D. Because it won’t happen in Western countries. 39. Why do Chinese families do so much for their guests? A. To show their wealth (财富). B. To make the guests feel at home. C. To make the guests feel uncomfortable. D. To show they know much about the guests. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Chinese Food Culture B. How to Serve Foreign Guests C. Warm Welcome in China D. Confucius and His Students 第二节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Trees are really cool! They can tell us a lot about how the climate is changing. Some trees can live for a very long time, like hundreds or even thousands of years. They just stand there and see all the changes in the weather on earth. When you look at a tree stump (树桩), you may find that the top of the stump has many rings. These rings are like a tree’s storybook. Each ring shows one year of the tree’s life. They can tell us the age of the tree and the weather changes. First year growth. The light-coloured rings are wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark-coloured rings are wood that grew in the late summer and fall. One light-coloured ring and one dark-coloured ring make one year of the tree’s life. •Dry season. •Rainy season. Tree rings are usually wider in warm, wet years and are thinner in years when it is cold and dry. If the tree has experienced hard times, such as a drought (干旱), the tree might hardly grow at all in those years. Scar (疤痕) from a forest fire. In most areas, detailed daily weather records have only been kept for the past 100 to 150 years, but trees can help scientists learn a lot about the climate from hundreds or thousands of years ago. That’s why trees are so important! 41. What can we know from tree rings? ____________________________________________________________________ 42. When did the dark-coloured rings grow? ____________________________________________________________________ 43. If the tree rings are thinner, what kind of environment did the tree grow in? ____________________________________________________________________ 44. What does the scar mean in the picture? ____________________________________________________________________ 45. What do you think of tree rings after reading the text? ____________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 情景交际（满分10分） 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Dave is talking with Sam about Sam’s accident.) Dave: Hi, Sam! I called you last night, but you didn’t answer. _____46_____ Sam: My father was driving me to see the doctor at that time. Dave: _____47_____ Sam: I rode my bike too fast and fell down. Dave: _____48_____ You should be more careful. Sam: That’s true. Dave: _____49_____ Sam: No, nothing is serious. The doctor just washed the cut and put some medicine on it. Dave: Don’t touch the water and you will be better soon. Sam: OK. _____50_____ Dave: You’re welcome. 第五部分 写作（满分15分） 书面表达 51. 俗话说：“民以食为天。”中国的饮食文化历史悠久、举世闻名。假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假有一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 提示：（1）他们需要注意的礼仪； （2）他们要注意这些礼仪的原因。 注意：（1）内容涵盖提示中的所有要点，全文连贯、通顺； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名和地名； （3）词数80个左右（标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语 人教版 〔Unit 1~Unit 6〕 （试卷页数：8页，考试时间：120分钟，总分：120分） 第一部分 听力（共四节，满分30分） 第一节 听句子，选择最佳答语（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 1. A. I was late for class. B. I was still working. C. Some flowers. 2. A. I agree with you. B. Be careful with fire. C. How brave they are! 3. A. Yes. It was awful. B. Are you sure? C. Go ahead. 4. A. Cheers! B. Chopsticks. C. Good luck! 5. A. It’s impolite. B. I’m afraid not. C. We offer some tea. 第二节 听对话和问题，选择正确答案（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分） 6. What was Lily doing at the time of the rainstorm? A. B. C. 7. How do people in Li Tong’s country greet each other? A. B. C. 8. Why doesn’t the boy want to go to school today? A. Because there is an exam today. B. Because he doesn’t feel well. C. Because he has another plan. 9. What does the boy’s mother tell the boy to do? A. To stay positive and confident. B. To spend more time on lessons. C. To stay at home. 10. What’s wrong with the boy? A. He has a bad cold. B. He has a headache. C. He has a sore throat. 11. When did it start? A. One day ago. B. Two days ago. C. Three days ago. 12. What does the doctor advise the boy to do? A. Go to bed early. B. Do more exercise. C. Take some medicine. 13. What is Yanyan’s birthday gift? A. A dictionary. B. A schoolbag. C. A book. 14. Why does Yanyan accept the gift with both hands? A. To show her politeness and thanks. B. To introduce a Chinese tradition. C. To express her surprise. 15. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Birthday wishes. B. Western rules. C. Different traditions. 16. Where was Harry at that time? A. At the zoo. B. On the playground. C. In the park. 17. How did Harry go back home? A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. 18. Why did Gina go to Rick’s home? A. Because she wanted to ask him for help. B. Because she would go to his birthday party. C. Because she would help him to prepare for the party. 第三节 听短文和问题，选择正确答案（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 19. How long did the snowstorm last? A. For 8 hours. B. For 10 hours. C. For 12 hours. 20. Why did the young people meet at the town centre? A. To send medicine. B. To clean up the roads. C. To raise some money. 21. What advice did the news give? A. Wearing warm clothes. B. Preparing more food. C. Drinking more water. 22. Where did Alex read about table manners? A. In a magazine. B. On a website. C. In a newspaper. 23. When can you make some noise in Japan? A. When eating noodles. B. When drinking water. C. When having ice cream. 24. What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A. It’s funny. B. It’s boring. C. It’s impolite. 25. What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A. Learn to speak their language. B. Prepare some special presents. C. Learn about their table manners. 第四节 听短文填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） After-School Activities Zhao Jing 26. She enjoys reading biology books and wants to study ___________ in a university. Wang He 27. He loves to collect ___________. Sun Lilin 28. She likes art a lot. She is very ___________ when drawing. Li Xiang 29. He likes doing sports. He runs with his parents every ___________. Zhou Hai 30. He loves to ___________ with his British friends online. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last month, our city experienced a strong typhoon. Before it came, the weather report ____1____ us to stay at home and get ready for it. My family and I ____2____ lots of food, water and candles. We also closed all the windows tightly and moved the plants from the balcony (阳台) into the room. When the typhoon arrived, the wind blew ____3____ and the rain poured heavily. The trees outside were shaking strongly, and some branches even ____4____ off. We turned off the TV and computer to keep safe, and sat in the living room talking. My little sister was a bit scared at first, but we told her to stay ____5____ and everything would be fine. After the typhoon ended, we went outside to check the ____6____. Many roads were covered with fallen leaves and branches, and some street signs were ____7____. But ____8____, our house was not damaged. The next day, workers came to clean the roads and repair the broken signs. This ____9____ taught me that it’s very important to follow the early warnings of disasters and prepare well. It also made me realize that following rules and working together can help us ____10____ difficult times easily. From then on, I pay more attention to weather reports and learn more about how to deal with different kinds of disasters. 1. A. told B. said C. spoke D. talked 2. A. sold B. bought C. borrowed D. gave 3. A. softly B. gently C. strongly D. quietly 4. A. jumped B. fell C. got D. turned 5. A. angry B. sad C. calm D. excited 6. A. situation B. information C. direction D. instruction 7. A. broken B. fixed C. new D. clean 8. A. unfortunately B. luckily C. sadly D. suddenly 9. A. accident B. plan C. message D. experience 10. A. bite through B. look through C. sweep through D. get through 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者全家经历台风的过程，包括灾前准备、灾中应对及灾后感悟，强调了互助与准备的重要性。 【1题详解】 句意：在它到来之前，天气预报告诉我们要待在家里并做好准备。 根据语境，天气预报发出指令用tell最合适，且符合搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”，此处需用told。said后不能直接加人，spoke和talked需加to才能接人。 【2题详解】 句意：我和家人买了很多食物、水和蜡烛。 根据灾前储备物资的生活常识，可知应为购买食物和水，对应bought。sold“卖”、borrowed“借”、gave“给”均不符合准备救灾物资的逻辑。 【3题详解】 句意：当台风到来时，风刮得很猛烈，雨下得很大。 根据台风天气特征及后文树枝掉落，可知风很大，strongly符合语境。softly“柔和地”、gently“温柔地”、quietly“安静地”均与台风语境矛盾。 【4题详解】 句意：外面的树摇晃得很厉害，一些树枝甚至掉了下来。 根据“fall off”可知此处指树枝被风吹断掉落，fell符合语境。jumped“跳”、got“得到”、turned“转动”均不符合树枝受风影响的语境。 【5题详解】 句意：我的小妹妹起初有点害怕，但我们告诉她保持冷静，一切都会好的。 根据妹妹害怕及安慰的语境，可知应劝其保持冷静，calm符合语境。angry“生气的”、sad“伤心的”、excited“兴奋的”均不利于缓解恐惧，不符合安慰的逻辑。 【6题详解】 句意：台风结束后，我们出去检查情况。 根据后文描述道路和路牌状况，可知此处指查看现场情况，对应situation。information“信息”、direction“方向”、instruction“说明”均不符合外出查看灾情的语境。 【7题详解】 句意：许多道路覆盖着落叶和树枝，一些路牌坏了。 根据后文工人来修理路牌，可知之前是损坏的，broken符合语义。fixed“固定的”、new“新的”、clean“干净的”均与后文“repair”矛盾。 【8题详解】 句意：但幸运的是，我们的房子没有受损。 根据房子未受损这一积极结果，可知应感到幸运，对应luckily。unfortunately“不幸地”、sadly“伤心地”表示负面情绪，suddenly“突然地”不符合逻辑。 【9题详解】 句意：这次经历教会了我遵循灾害预警很重要。 根据全文讲述的是作者亲身经历的台风事件，可知此处指经历，对应experience。accident“事故”、plan“计划”、message“消息”均不能概括全文内容。 【10题详解】 句意：遵守规则和合作能帮助我们轻松度过难关。 根据“get through difficult times”为固定搭配，意为“度过困难时期”。bite through“咬穿”、look through“浏览”、sweep through“席卷”均无此含义，不符合语境。 第二节 短文填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is China’s Mother River. It plays ____11____ important role in Chinese culture. It is always ____12____ (value) for trade and farming. The Yellow River is one of the ____13____ (long) rivers in Asia. It is about 5,464 ____14____ (kilometre) long. It flows (流动) all the way through nine provinces ____15____ covers a large area of China. We call it the Yellow River because of all the yellow silt (淤泥) that it picks up along its course. It ____16____ (carry) more silt than any other river in the world. ____17____ China’s early history, the Yellow River was the birthplace of Chinese civilization. It’s said that the Xia Dynasty started there. People used the Yellow River ____18____ (water) farmland. As a result, crops grew very well along ____19____ (it) riverbanks. The Yellow River also caused floods. One of the worst floods ____20____ (happen) during the Yuan Dynasty. This flood killed millions ____21____ people. It was one of the worst ____22____ (nature) disasters in Chinese history. Nowadays, people in China ____23____ (work) hard to make the river safer, prettier and ____24____ (useful). They are creating different projects to prevent the floods and beautify the river’s banks. At the same time, the river’s water power is also being ____25____ (proper) used to make electricity. In the future, the Yellow River is expected to be more beautiful. 【答案】11. an 12. valued 13. longest 14. kilometres 15. and 16. carries 17. In 18. to water 19. its 20. happened 21. of 22. natural 23. are working 24. more useful 25. properly 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国的母亲河——黄河。文章从黄河在中国文化中的重要地位、地理特征、历史作用以及当前面临的治理与保护等方面进行了全面描述。 【11题详解】 句意：它在中国文化中扮演着重要的角色。“play a role in”意为“在……中起作用”，important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 【12题详解】 句意：它对贸易和农业一直很有价值。此处作表语，表示“被认为有价值的”，应用形容词valued，构成“be valued for”结构。 【13题详解】 句意：黄河是亚洲最长的河流之一。“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”是固定结构，long的最高级为longest。 【14题详解】 句意：它大约有5,464公里长。kilometre为可数名词，前面有数字5,464修饰，应用复数形式kilometres。 【15题详解】 句意：它流经九个省份，覆盖了中国大片区域。“flows”和“covers”是两个并列的谓语动词，应用连词and连接。 【16题详解】 句意：它携带的淤泥比世界上任何其他河流都多。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用carries。 【17题详解】 句意：在中国早期历史中，黄河是中华文明的发源地。表示“在……历史中”用介词in，句首首字母大写。 【18题详解】 句意：人们用黄河水灌溉农田。“use sth. to do sth.”意为“用某物做某事”，应用动词不定式to water。 【19题详解】 句意：结果，庄稼在它的河岸上长得很好。此处修饰名词riverbanks，应用形容词性物主代词its。 【20题详解】 句意：最严重的洪水之一发生在元朝。根据“during the Yuan Dynasty”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时happened。 【21题详解】 句意：这场洪水夺去了数百万人的生命。“millions of”意为“数百万的”。 【22题详解】 句意：它是中国历史上最严重的自然灾害之一。此处修饰名词disasters，应用形容词natural。 【23题详解】 句意：如今，中国人民正在努力让这条河更安全、更美丽、更有用。根据“Nowadays”可知，表示当前正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时are working。 【24题详解】 句意：让这条河更安全、更美丽、更有用。与前面的safer、prettier并列，构成比较级，useful的比较级为more useful。 【25题详解】 句意：同时，河水的能量也正在被合理利用来发电。此处修饰动词used，应用副词properly。 第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When in Rome, do as the Romans do! Meal time Lunch is eaten LATER (after midday, sometimes at 1:00 p.m.). Dinner is around 7:00 p.m. or even later. How to eat food Knives and forks are used for most food. Being served At the start of a meal, a guest will be invited to serve himself (“Help yourself!”), or his plate will be filled by the host (“Can I serve you?”). Refusing food Given something you don’t like? Push it to the edge of the plate and leave it there. And say “I’m sorry. I can’t eat this.” Offered more food, but can’t eat any more? Just say “No, thanks. It’s delicious, but I’ve had enough.” At the end of the meal Stay and talk around the dinner table long after the last dish has been brought to the table. Leave as soon as you finish eating? NO! The golden rule Watch the other people. Do as they do! 26. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. Around 7:00 p.m. or even later. B. At 5:00 in the afternoon. C. About midday. D. Before 7:00 p.m. 27. What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A. “Can I help you?” B. “Eat slowly!” C. “Help yourself!” D. “Could you serve me?” 28. Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the West according to the text? A. You can leave as soon as you finish eating. B. You can refuse the food you don’t like without saying anything. C. If you are offered more food, you must finish all of it even if you are full. D. If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. 【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文以谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do!”为主题，从用餐时间、餐具使用、用餐礼仪、食物处理及餐后行为等方面，介绍了西方的餐桌文化与习俗，旨在引导人们了解并尊重当地的用餐礼仪，学会入乡随俗。 【26题详解】 根据文中“Meal time”部分第二行“Dinner is around 7:00 p.m. or even later.”可知，西方人通常在晚上7点左右或更晚吃晚餐。 【27题详解】 根据文中“Being served”部分“At the start of a meal, a guest will be invited to serve himself (‘Help yourself!’)...”可知，在用餐开始时，主人会邀请客人自己取食，常说Help yourself!译为“请自便”。 【28题详解】 根据文中“The golden rule”部分“Watch the other people. Do as they do!”可知，在西方用餐的黄金法则是观察别人怎么做并效仿。选项D符合此规则。选项A与“At the end of the meal”中“Leave as soon as you finish eating? NO!”相悖；选项B与“Refusing food”中要求说“I’m sorry”不符；选项C与“Refusing food”中可以说“No, thanks”不符。 B Last year, I was at home doing my homework when an earthquake suddenly happened. At first, I felt the floor shaking slightly. I thought it was just a small shake, so I didn’t pay much attention. But soon, the shaking became stronger and stronger. The books on the shelf fell off, and the chandelier (吊灯) above my head was swinging heavily. I remembered what my teacher taught me about earthquake safety: stay calm, hide under a strong table, and hold on to the table legs. I quickly crawled under my desk and covered my head with my hands. My parents were in the living room. I heard my dad shout, “Stay under the table! Don’t move!” The earthquake lasted for about two minutes. When it stopped, we slowly came out from under the furniture. We checked the house and found that some windows were broken, and a bookshelf had fallen over. But luckily, no one in my family was hurt. After that, we turned on the radio to get news about the earthquake. We learned that many houses in the nearby town were damaged, and some people were sent to the hospital. The government soon sent rescue teams to help. This experience made me know how important it is to learn about disaster safety. 29. What was the writer doing when the earthquake happened? A. Watching TV. B. Doing homework. C. Eating dinner. D. Talking with parents. 30. What did the writer do first when the earthquake started? A. He/She hid under the desk at once. B. He/She ran out of the house. C. He/She didn’t pay much attention to it. D. He/She called the police. 31. What did the writer learn from this experience? A. Earthquakes are not dangerous. B. He/She should not stay at home alone. C. He/She should move to a new house. D. It’s important to learn about disaster safety. 【答案】29. B 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者去年在家遭遇地震，按照所学避险知识安全躲避，震后家中虽有财物损坏但家人无人受伤，也了解到当地灾情，并由此认识到学习防灾知识的重要性。 【29题详解】 第一段“Last year, I was at home doing my homework when an earthquake suddenly happened.”直接点明地震发生时作者正在做作业。 【30题详解】 第一段“I thought it was just a small shake, so I didn’t pay much attention.”提到了地震刚开始时，作者的第一反应是没有太在意，直到后来震动变强才躲到桌子底下。 【31题详解】 最后一段“This experience made me know how important it is to learn about disaster safety.”说明了作者从这次经历中学到了学习灾害安全知识的重要性。 C Thailand is known as the “Land of Smiles”. When you spend your holiday in Thailand, you’d better keep these simple tips in mind. Personal image (个人形象) is very important in Thailand as a sign of respect for other people. Your clothes should be tidy, clean and free from holes. Shorts and sleeveless (无袖的) shirts are impolite in temples. Remember that you need to take off your shoes when entering rooms. So don’t wear shoes that are not easy to put on and take off. The rules are even stricter for foreign visitors, so even if you see a local in shorts, it’s not OK for you. It’s not polite to touch a Thai on the head, including children. For Thais, the head is the most sacred (神圣的) part of the body. At the same time, don’t touch people with your feet, or even point with them because they think feet are the lowest and dirtiest. When sitting on the ground, try to sit in a way that doesn’t show others the bottoms of your feet. Always keep the rules of saving face in mind. Keep your cool even when things go wrong; you’ll be respected for doing so. For example, don’t complain (抱怨) when your bus breaks down. Instead, smile and say “mai pen rai”. 32. Which of the following are bad manners in Thailand? ① Wear clean and tidy clothes. ② Touch a lovely baby’s head. ③ Show someone the bottoms of your feet. ④ Take off your shoes before entering a room. ⑤ Wear shorts or jeans with holes. ⑥ Avoid showing strong anger or shouting in public places. A. ①④⑤⑥ B. ③④⑥ C. ②③⑤ D. ②③⑥ 33. Why shouldn’t people touch others or point at others with their feet in Thailand? A. Because Thais use feet to take off shoes in temples. B. Because Thais think feet are the lowest and dirtiest part of the body. C. Because showing the bottoms of feet is a way to save face. D. Because using feet will make others complain in public. 34. Which has the same meaning as “mai pen rai”? A. My pleasure. B. I’m sorry about that. C. It’s OK. Don’t worry. D. That’s great. 35. What is the text mainly about? A. What to wear in Thailand. B. Dos and don’ts in Thailand. C. The language spoken in Thailand. D. Different meanings about feet. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在泰国旅行时需要注意的礼仪规范，从着装、肢体接触、情绪态度等方面给出了相关建议。 【32题详解】 第二段“Your clothes should be tidy, clean...”可知①是礼貌的；第三段“It’s not polite to touch a Thai on the head...”可知②是不礼貌的；第三段“...doesn’t show others the bottoms of your feet”可知③是不礼貌的；第二段“need to take off your shoes”可知④是应遵守的规则；第二段“free from holes. Shorts...are impolite”可知⑤是不礼貌的；第四段“Keep your cool...don’t complain”可知⑥是礼貌的。因此不良礼仪为②③⑤。 【33题详解】 第三段“don’t touch people with your feet, or even point with them because they think feet are the lowest and dirtiest.”可知，不能用脚触碰或指向他人是因为泰国人认为脚是身体最低和最脏的部位。 【34题详解】 最后一段“Keep your cool even when things go wrong...don’t complain...Instead, smile and say 'mai pen rai'.”可知，当事情出错（如bus breaks down）时不要抱怨，而是保持冷静微笑说这句话，语境暗示其意为“没关系/别担心”。 【35题详解】 通读全文可知，文章分别从个人形象衣着、身体接触禁忌（头和脚）、情绪管理（顾全面子）三个方面介绍了在泰国度假需要注意的行为准则，即该做什么和不该做什么。 D China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guests can eat. At the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, how happy we are! 36. What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Welcoming. B. Hard-working. C. Creative. D. Nervous. 37. What will the host probably do for you when you visit a Chinese family? ①Make tea. ②Prepare a meal. ③Serve some snacks. ④Have a party. A. ①②④ B. ①②③ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 38. Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks up food for him? A. Because it makes him happy. B. Because he thinks it’s not necessary. C. Because he doesn’t like the food. D. Because it won’t happen in Western countries. 39. Why do Chinese families do so much for their guests? A. To show their wealth (财富). B. To make the guests feel at home. C. To make the guests feel uncomfortable. D. To show they know much about the guests. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Chinese Food Culture B. How to Serve Foreign Guests C. Warm Welcome in China D. Confucius and His Students 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国人热情好客的文化传统，介绍了外国人到中国家庭做客时会受到的款待，包括泡茶、提供零食、准备丰盛饭菜以及主人为客人夹菜等细节，体现了中国人让客人有宾至如归之感的礼仪文化。 【36题详解】 第一段指出：“Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world”，并紧接着说外国人会“be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests”，说明hospitable意为“热情好客的”，与Welcoming（欢迎的）意思一致。 【37题详解】 第二段提到主人“makes tea for you”和“serve you snacks like biscuits or candy”，第三段提到“other family members will prepare a meal for you”，因此①②③均有依据，④举办派对文中未提及。 【38题详解】 第三段明确写道：“some Chinese hosts like to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables”，说明西方客人惊讶的原因是这种行为在西方不会发生。 【39题详解】 第三段中提到：“The Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home”，直接说明中国家庭如此做的目的是让客人有宾至如归的感觉。 【40题详解】 全文围绕中国人热情待客展开，从泡茶、备餐到夹菜，核心主题是中国的热情欢迎，“Warm Welcome in China”最能概括全文主旨。 第二节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Trees are really cool! They can tell us a lot about how the climate is changing. Some trees can live for a very long time, like hundreds or even thousands of years. They just stand there and see all the changes in the weather on earth. When you look at a tree stump (树桩), you may find that the top of the stump has many rings. These rings are like a tree’s storybook. Each ring shows one year of the tree’s life. They can tell us the age of the tree and the weather changes. First year growth. The light-coloured rings are wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark-coloured rings are wood that grew in the late summer and fall. One light-coloured ring and one dark-coloured ring make one year of the tree’s life. •Dry season. •Rainy season. Tree rings are usually wider in warm, wet years and are thinner in years when it is cold and dry. If the tree has experienced hard times, such as a drought (干旱), the tree might hardly grow at all in those years. Scar (疤痕) from a forest fire. In most areas, detailed daily weather records have only been kept for the past 100 to 150 years, but trees can help scientists learn a lot about the climate from hundreds or thousands of years ago. That’s why trees are so important! 41. What can we know from tree rings? ____________________________________________________________________ 42. When did the dark-coloured rings grow? ____________________________________________________________________ 43. If the tree rings are thinner, what kind of environment did the tree grow in? ____________________________________________________________________ 44. What does the scar mean in the picture? ____________________________________________________________________ 45. What do you think of tree rings after reading the text? ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. The age of the tree and the weather changes. 42. In the late summer and fall. 43. Cold and dry. 44. A forest fire. 45. They are very important and useful./... 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木的年轮，以及科学家如何通过年轮来了解树木的年龄和过去的气候变化。 【41题详解】 根据第三段中“Each ring shows one year of the tree’s life. They can tell us the age of the tree and the weather changes.”可知，我们可以从年轮中得知树木的年龄和天气变化，直接从原文提取关键信息作答即可。 【42题详解】 根据表格中“The light-coloured rings are wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark-coloured rings are wood that grew in the late summer and fall.”可知，深色的年轮生长在夏末和秋天，直接从原文提取关键信息作答即可。 【43题详解】 根据表格中“Tree rings are usually wider in warm, wet years and are thinner in years when it is cold and dry.”可知，如果年轮较窄，说明树木生长在寒冷干燥的环境中，直接从原文提取关键信息作答即可。 【44题详解】 根据表格中“Scar (疤痕) from a forest fire.”可知，图片中的疤痕代表森林火灾留下的痕迹，直接从原文提取关键信息作答即可。 【45题详解】 本题为开放性试题。结合文章主旨及个人观点，合理阐述对年轮的看法即可。 第四部分 情景交际（满分10分） 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Dave is talking with Sam about Sam’s accident.) Dave: Hi, Sam! I called you last night, but you didn’t answer. _____46_____ Sam: My father was driving me to see the doctor at that time. Dave: _____47_____ Sam: I rode my bike too fast and fell down. Dave: _____48_____ You should be more careful. Sam: That’s true. Dave: _____49_____ Sam: No, nothing is serious. The doctor just washed the cut and put some medicine on it. Dave: Don’t touch the water and you will be better soon. Sam: OK. _____50_____ Dave: You’re welcome. 【答案】46. Where were you?/What were you doing then? 47. What happened to you?/Why did you go to see the doctor? 48. I’m sorry to hear that./That’s too bad. 49. Is it serious?/Are you badly hurt? 50. Thank you./Thanks for your advice. 【解析】 【导语】本文是Dave与Sam关于事故的对话。Dave昨晚打电话没人接，得知Sam当时在去医院路上，询问事故原因和受伤情况后给予安慰和建议。 【46题详解】 Dave打电话没人接，询问Sam当时在哪里或在做什么。应填入“Where were you?”或“What were you doing then?” 【47题详解】 Sam说爸爸开车带他去看医生，Dave询问发生了什么事。应填入“What happened to you?”或“Why did you go to see the doctor?” 【48题详解】 Sam说骑车太快摔倒了，Dave表示遗憾或同情。应填入“I’m sorry to hear that.”或“That’s too bad.” 【49题详解】 Dave询问伤势是否严重，Sam回答没什么严重的。应填入“Is it serious?”或“Are you badly hurt?” 【50题详解】 Dave叮嘱不要碰水后会很快好转，Sam表示感谢。应填入“Thank you.”或“Thanks for your advice.” 第五部分 写作（满分15分） 书面表达 51. 俗话说：“民以食为天。”中国的饮食文化历史悠久、举世闻名。假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假有一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 提示：（1）他们需要注意的礼仪； （2）他们要注意这些礼仪的原因。 注意：（1）内容涵盖提示中的所有要点，全文连贯、通顺； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名和地名； （3）词数80个左右（标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文: When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. Welcome to China! Here are some table manners for you. First, don’t stick chopsticks vertically into rice. Second, wait for elders to start eating first. These rules show respect to your hosts and elders. It helps build good relationships. Also, try to use chopsticks properly. It makes dining happier. I hope you will have a wonderful time and enjoy delicious Chinese food during the summer camp. Let’s experience the culture together! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：材料作文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：需注意的礼仪、原因 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：词数80词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，欢迎朋友并引入话题 主体段：用 First/Second等并列说明需要注意的礼仪 结尾段：表达祝愿 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：具体礼仪 筷子方面要求：don’t stick chopsticks vertically into rice./never stick your chopsticks into your rice bowl等 饮食有序原则：wait for elders to start eating first./wait for the host to start eating before you take food.等 要点二：说明原因 原因一：show respect to your hosts and elders./express your respect to the owner of the family.等 原因二：helps build good relationships./makes dining happier/makes the host very happy.等 要点三：表达祝愿：hope you will have a wonderful time/you’ll have a great trip here等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $