精品解析：广东广州市育才中学2025学年第二学期初三5月份学业阶段性练习 英语 练习卷（202605）

2025学年第二学期初三5月份学业阶段性练习 英语 练习卷（202605） 本练习卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），总分90分，练习时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共60分） 一、语法选择（共15个空格，每个空格1分；满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Shadow puppetry combines painting, carving, storytelling and singing. It is one of China’s oldest traditional arts. In 2009, it ____1____ to UNESCO’s list of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). In Langzhong, Sichuan Province, generations of shadow puppetry artists have kept ____2____ traditional art alive. Langzhong shadow puppets are usually made from leather or paper. They often look like Sichuan Opera characters. The plays tell stories from history and myths. The most famous artist in Langzhong is Wang Biao. His family members ____3____ this art for over 350 years. Wang, born in 1965, is the seventh generation of his family ____4____ down the art. He learnt ____5____ his grandfather and became very skilled at a young age. In the 1980s, he travelled across the country with his grandfather, performing at different events. However, by the 1990s, the art became ____6____. Wang had to find ____7____ job, but he never forgot his passion for shadow puppetry. Later, with help from a shadow puppet collector, he moved to Chengdu and started a puppet troupe (巡回演出团). The troupe put on plays in parks and schools, making the art popular again. Wang always remembers ____8____ his grandfather told him—not to let shadow puppetry ____9____ with his generation. Wang knows shadow puppetry needs to change with the times, ____10____ he tries to add dance, music, and cartoons to the shows. ____11____ troupe has performed in over 30 countries. He also teaches students to perform shadow puppetry in universities. In 2018, he built a museum ____12____ keeps over 50,000 exhibits, including ____13____ ancient scripts. With modern technology, Wang and other artists have achieved much ____14____ in turning shadow puppetry into a new cultural experience. They will spare ____15____ effort to keep this ancient art alive and inspiring in the future. 1. A. add B. added C. is added D. was added 2. A. the B. a C. an D. / 3. A. practise B. practised C. have practised D. will practise 4. A. to pass B. pass C. passes D. passed 5. A. of B. about C. with D. from 6. A. popular B. more popular C. less popular D. the most popular 7. A. other B. the other C. others D. another 8. A. which B. why C. what D. how 9. A. ends B. end C. ending D. to end 10. A. so B. but C. unless D. because 11. A. His B. He C. Him D. Himself 12. A. where B. whose C. who D. that 13. A. hundred of B. two hundreds of C. hundreds of D. two hundreds 14. A. successfully B. successful C. success D. succeed 15. A. a little B. no C. a few D. much 二、完形填空（共10个空格，每个空格1分；满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last month, our science teacher, Mr. Chen, announced a class project — building model rockets in teams. The news spread fast throughout our classroom, and the whole class was filled with ____16____ immediately. My teammate Lisa and I decided to work together on this exciting challenge. We spent several days ____17____ our design on paper and collecting all the necessary materials from local stores. Finally, last Saturday morning, we took the bus to the city park to test our rocket. The weather was fine — sunny with a gentle wind. With a deep breath, I pressed the button. The rocket shot into the sky ____18____, leaving a thin line of smoke behind. We cheered loudly, ____19____ it had worked well. However, our joy was short-lived. The parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and the rocket fell straight down, landing in a tall tree. We felt ____20____. The tree was too high to climb. Just as we were wondering what to do, an old man who was walking his dog saw our ____21____ situation. He smiled kindly and said, “Wait here for a moment.” He returned shortly with a long bamboo pole. Without saying much, he steadily helped us get the rocket down. We were so ____22____ and offered him some money. However, he ____23____ with a smile. “Seeing your scientific curiosity and hard work is the best reward,” he said before leaving. This ____24____ reminded me that the world is full of love. It can appear when you least expect it. We went to the park to send a rocket into the sky, but we brought back something more significant — a renewed faith deep in people’s hearts. It was a ____25____ I would never forget. 16. A. excitement B. victory C. confidence D. courage 17. A. copying B. planning C. remembering D. comparing 18. A. slowly B. accidentally C. successfully D. terribly 19. A. arguing B. proving C. discovering D. believing 20. A. relaxed B. embarrassed C. satisfied D. encouraged 21. A. perfect B. common C. personal D. difficult 22. A. thankful B. helpful C. awful D. painful 23. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. required 24. A. experience B. adventure C. decision D. discussion 25. A. task B. game C. day D. prize 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） JUST ASK How many movies have you seen about space? It looks fun, right? But is it? A lot of readers ask questions about the International Space Station (ISS国际空间站). Today, we’ve answered four of the best ones. Editor: Lily Bailey Q1: What do astronauts do on the International Space Station every day? Answer: They do a lot! They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth. But too much work isn’t good for anyone and we all need a little fun! Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it. If they get stressed, they relax by enjoying the views of our beautiful planet from space. Q2: How much exercise do astronauts do? Answer: Well, quite a lot. Take the astronaut Koichi Wakata for example. He lived on the ISS for 188 days and worked out for at least two hours every day. Some astronauts go jogging! Alan Shepard played moon golf in space. British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in 2016 and set a Guinness World Record. Q3: Does the body change in space? Answer: Yes, it does. Everything in space floats. Imagine sneezing (打喷嚏) in space! This means it’s easy to lift things. Astronauts train a lot on Earth, but their bodies get weak if they don’t do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks! These are only a few examples of the problems astronauts can have. Their muscles and hearts lose strength and their bones get weaker. Sometimes, when they get back to Earth, they’re not strong enough to walk! The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot! Q4: When and how do astronauts sleep? Answer: Good question. We all need to get enough sleep, but in space, with 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours, that’s not easy. Too many changes from day to night make it difficult to know when to sleep. So astronauts have very strict routines and wear special blindfolds to keep from light. 26. Astronauts do a lot of work on the ISS except ________. A. going on space walks B. repairing equipment C. playing games outside D. conducting experiments 27. The underlined word “this” in the third answer refers to ________. A. doing enough exercise B. sneezing in space C. making the body weak D. training on Earth 28. Lily Bailey answered the four questions to ________. A. explain how the ISS was built B. introduce the life on the ISS C. describe the history of space exploration D. list the countries that built the ISS （B） David felt no joy. It was his second week at the new school but he still had no friends. Every time he went up to his classmates, he found a closed circle. The football team had enough players. The art club was full. Everyone had their own groups. During break, he saw some classmates throwing darts and counting the holes on a dartboard. David wondered what they were doing but he couldn’t find the courage to ask. The next day was the Class Fun Day. There were circles all around David. Big, bright hula hoops (呼啦圈). Suddenly someone shouted, “Look at David’s hula hoop.” David had brought an old bicycle tyre (轮胎).He wanted to disappear. Again, he could feel the circle closing, leaving him out. The other children ran out to play. David was left alone. “Why are you in class, David?” Mr Wilson, his maths teacher, asked. “They laughed at my ugly circle,” David replied. “Ah David,” the teacher said. “It’s not what’s on the outside that matters. It’s what’s inside. Just like pi (π).” Mr Wilson picked up David’s tyre and a big, shiny hula hoop. “Divide the length of the circumference (周长) of this hula hoop by its diameter (直径),” Mr Wilson said. David got 3.14768. “Great! Now divide the circumference of your tyre by its diameter.” David got 3.1463. Mr Wilson smiled. “When we divide the circumference of any circle by its diameter, the number we get is always about 3.14. This is called pi. Whether it is a shiny hula hoop or an old tyre, you will find pi.” David understood what Mr Wilson was trying to tell him. When it came to the laws of maths, his tyre was just as good as a shiny hula hoop. He realized that circles may appear to be closed but they had an open mystery (奥秘) inside them. Then he read a book about pi. In the afternoon, he saw a younger group of children playing a game at the dartboard. “I’m David,” he said. “I read about pi. I know what this is.” The children formed a circle around David. He counted the holes and started doing the maths. The answer was 3.14159. There was a loud cheer. David was finally part of a circle. He felt a sense of wonder. 29. Why did David feel unhappy in his new school at first? A. He was bad at all school subjects. B. He had no friends to play with. C. He disliked his new classmates. D. He failed to join the maths club. 30. How did David become part of a circle? A. By asking the teacher for help. B. By bringing an old bicycle tyre. C. By sharing his maths knowledge. D. By showing his dart-throwing skills. 31. Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined word? A. The children matter more to her than anything else in the world. B. There is something the matter with my eyes. C. What’s the matter with you? D. All matter is made up of tiny things. 32. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. Growth takes time. B. Not everything is as it looks. C. Happiness lies in small things. D. Learning is a lifelong journey. （C） Have you ever looked up at a beautiful rainbow when noticing your friend looking at it? At that moment, both of you were focusing on the same object and aware of each other’s attention. This shared focus is called joint (共同的) attention. It depends on social cues (提示) such as actions or words that help two people to focus on the same thing. When completing tasks or solving problems, it is often said that two heads are better than one. But what does “better” mean? In one study, researchers asked pairs of participants (参与者) to complete a search task alone and then together. They found that when the participants worked together, they were faster at finding the goal, which researchers suggest is “better” performance. You might be wondering why two heads are better. Is it simply because you have another pair of eyes or because you divide the task? Well, the answer is both! Just having another pair of eyes can make a task easier and faster, so a group benefit can be found even if two people do not talk about the division of work. By dividing the work, you are more likely to finish the task faster, though one may work a little faster than the other. Researchers have also been interested in whether joint attention improves memory. They asked participants to remember pictures and found that when people believed another person was looking at the same picture and doing the same task, they remembered the picture better. So, this suggests that even when people imagine social cues, like just thinking someone else is focusing on the same task, joint attention can help people better remember things. Today, however, many interactions (互动) take place online. It is important to understand whether online interactions with others influence people’s attention. Researchers asked participants to complete a search task on their home computers, with an imaginary partner. The results showed that people were more accurate (准确的) when they thought they were working together with a partner, but faster when they thought they were competing with that partner. Interestingly, it did not matter how realistic the imaginary partner’s image (形象) was. All in all, joint attention is an important part of human interaction that shapes how people work together and how they remember. By understanding this, we can better recognise the value of our interactions. 33. Which of the following best shows the results of the study in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. B. C. D. 34. Which of the following opinions does the writer support? A. Working alone makes people finish tasks faster. B. Competing with a partner improves accuracy. C. The partner’s image realism has little influence. D. Online interactions are worse than offline ones. 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. Joint attention works better online than in the real world. B. Joint attention depends on how well people remember things. C. Imagining working with others brings about better performance. D. Cooperation is more important than competition in online settings. 36. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. From Attention to Performance B. The Power of Shared Focus C. From Social Cues to Connection D. The Key to Effective Interactions （D） Have you ever imagined a garbage burning factory does not have enough rubbish to burn? In some cities, this is becoming true. In the past, people made too much rubbish. Cities built waste-to-energy factories to burn rubbish and make electricity. But now, some factories get less daily household waste. They are becoming “hungry”. This is actually good news for us. Why does this happen? Because waste recycling works well today. People sort their rubbish carefully; kitchen waste can be made into fertilizer (肥料), while plastic, paper, glass and metal can be used again. There is less leftover rubbish to burn. Besides, people learn to cut down waste and reuse things in daily life. Even so, waste-to-energy factories are still useful. Here is how they work: * Arriving: Trucks put rubbish into a big storage area. A machine mixes it up. * Reacting: Then the rubbish goes into a hot oven with a temperature over 850°C. ▲ Heat causes a burning reaction here. Natural waste such as food, paper and wood reacts with oxygen (O2), breaking down to give off heat, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). The high-pressure vapor makes a machine called a turbine (涡轮) run fast. The fast-moving turbine is connected to another machine to make electricity. * Cleaning the smoke: Before smoke goes into the air, cleaners make it clean. About 90% of the waste at the beginning is gone. The ash (灰) left can be used for building houses, and metal in the ash can be collected and recycled again. Good points: It cuts down waste greatly, saves ground space for rubbish, makes electricity and collects metal for reuse. Bad points: Burning rubbish still makes CO₂ gas. What’s more, people may think burning can solve all problems and forget to reduce and reuse waste first. Right recycling is the most useful way to protect our home. The future will be a greener world where no waste is left useless. 37. What can people do with kitchen waste according to the passage? A. It can be made into fertilizer. B. It can be sold for money. C. It can be kept in storage forever. D. It can be used to clean water. 38. Which sentence can be put into ▲ in Paragraph 6? A. This is where math is recorded! B. This is where chemistry happens! C. This is where physics takes control! D. This is where biology starts working! 39. Why are the good and bad points included in the passage? A. Because they show the writer’s personal feelings. B. Because they tell readers what to do immediately. C. Because they give a balanced and complete opinion. D. Because they make the passage longer and easier to read. 40. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To warn people not to build rubbish-burning factories. B. To teach students how to sort kitchen waste at home. C. To explain how a turbine works to make electricity. D. To introduce garbage factories and ways to deal with waste. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Looking for a good book can be hard when there are so many around you. Usually, the problem is not “Can I read?” but “What should I read next?” Don’t worry. ____41____ Start with writers you like Begin with writers you know well. Think of writers whose books you have enjoyed before. ____42____ Because you already know these writers, you are more likely to enjoy their books. Try popular or prize-winning books Another idea is to choose a book that many people recommend. ____43____ These books are often popular for a long time because many readers love them. When you pick one of them, you can see why so many readers enjoy it. Follow your interests Your hobbies and interests can also guide you. If you love cooking, look for a story about a cook. If you enjoy science or space, choose a book with these words in the title. ____44____ When a book is close to your life, you may care more about what happens and keep reading to the end. Talk with other readers ____45____ Ask friends, family, teachers or librarians for advice. You can also join a book club and share your ideas. Being a member in a book club can help you read more and even make new friends. A. Reading doesn’t have to be alone. B. Sometimes it is hard to finish a book. C. Here are some ideas to help you choose a book more easily. D. For example, choose books that are classics or have won prizes. E. You can check book covers or reading websites to find their other books. 第II卷 非选择题（共30分） 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词） Octopus (八达通) cards are travel cards which people use to travel on public transport in Hong Kong. Think about buying one if you travel there. It will help you s____46____ time because you don’t have to wait in lines or find money to buy single journey tickets. When travelling in Hong Kong, you can use the cards e____47____ on all kinds of public transport. Hold your card near a machine called an Octopus reader at the beginning and end of your journey. You can also use them in some taxis, but you’d better ask the taxi d____48____ when you get into the taxi, not at the end of your journey. Octopus cards are used widely by local people and visitors because they are easy and c____49____. You can buy the cards at any train station. Take care of your card. If you l____50____ it, you should tell the Octopus company. 第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子（每格限填一词） 51. 凯利曾经害怕学溜冰。 Kelly ________ ________ ________ afraid of learning to skate. 52. 直到有天她看到一个小女孩勇敢地学溜冰，她才下定决心改变。 She ________ ________ up her mind to change ________ she saw a little girl learning to skate bravely one day. 53. 她慢慢学到了如何能保持平衡。 Slowly, she learnt ________ ________ ________ ________ her balance. 54. 很多人告诉她不要放弃。最终她做到了！ She ________ ________ by many people ________ ________ give up. And finally she made it! 55. 看！她现在溜冰多棒呀！ Look! ________ ________ she is skating! 第三节 书面表达（共1小题，满分15分） 56. 每个人心里都藏着一些想做的事，比如为家人分担家务，为同学解决困难，为社会……，为……。你校英文报社以“Things I want to do for ________”为题开展征文活动，请你补全题目并按提示写一篇短文投稿。 要求： 词数80左右； 文中需包含思维导图内容提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 不得出现真实姓名和校名； 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 Things I want to do for ________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第二学期初三5月份学业阶段性练习 英语 练习卷（202605） 本练习卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），总分90分，练习时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共60分） 一、语法选择（共15个空格，每个空格1分；满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Shadow puppetry combines painting, carving, storytelling and singing. It is one of China’s oldest traditional arts. In 2009, it ____1____ to UNESCO’s list of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). In Langzhong, Sichuan Province, generations of shadow puppetry artists have kept ____2____ traditional art alive. Langzhong shadow puppets are usually made from leather or paper. They often look like Sichuan Opera characters. The plays tell stories from history and myths. The most famous artist in Langzhong is Wang Biao. His family members ____3____ this art for over 350 years. Wang, born in 1965, is the seventh generation of his family ____4____ down the art. He learnt ____5____ his grandfather and became very skilled at a young age. In the 1980s, he travelled across the country with his grandfather, performing at different events. However, by the 1990s, the art became ____6____. Wang had to find ____7____ job, but he never forgot his passion for shadow puppetry. Later, with help from a shadow puppet collector, he moved to Chengdu and started a puppet troupe (巡回演出团). The troupe put on plays in parks and schools, making the art popular again. Wang always remembers ____8____ his grandfather told him—not to let shadow puppetry ____9____ with his generation. Wang knows shadow puppetry needs to change with the times, ____10____ he tries to add dance, music, and cartoons to the shows. ____11____ troupe has performed in over 30 countries. He also teaches students to perform shadow puppetry in universities. In 2018, he built a museum ____12____ keeps over 50,000 exhibits, including ____13____ ancient scripts. With modern technology, Wang and other artists have achieved much ____14____ in turning shadow puppetry into a new cultural experience. They will spare ____15____ effort to keep this ancient art alive and inspiring in the future. 1. A. add B. added C. is added D. was added 2. A. the B. a C. an D. / 3. A. practise B. practised C. have practised D. will practise 4. A. to pass B. pass C. passes D. passed 5. A. of B. about C. with D. from 6. A. popular B. more popular C. less popular D. the most popular 7. A. other B. the other C. others D. another 8. A. which B. why C. what D. how 9. A. ends B. end C. ending D. to end 10. A. so B. but C. unless D. because 11. A. His B. He C. Him D. Himself 12. A. where B. whose C. who D. that 13. A. hundred of B. two hundreds of C. hundreds of D. two hundreds 14. A. successfully B. successful C. success D. succeed 15. A. a little B. no C. a few D. much 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国非物质文化遗产皮影戏，重点讲述四川阆中艺术家王彪传承与创新这门古老艺术的故事，并展望了未来。 【1题详解】 句意：2009年，它被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。 主语it与add“加入”是被动关系，时间状语为In 2009，应用一般过去时的被动语态was added。add为主动语态；added为主动语态过去式；is added为一般现在时被动语态，均不符合语法要求。 【2题详解】 句意：在四川阆中，一代又一代的皮影戏艺术家传承着这项传统艺术。 此处特指前文提到的shadow puppetry，应用定冠词the。a/an表泛指，/不填冠词，均不符合语境。 【3题详解】 句意：他的家族成员练习这项艺术已有350多年。 时间状语为for over 350 years，应用现在完成时have practised。practise为一般现在时；practised为一般过去时；will practise为一般将来时，均不符合时态要求。 【4题详解】 句意：1965 年出生的王彪是他家族中传承这项艺术的第七代传人。 此处用不定式作后置定语修饰the seventh generation，应用to pass。pass为动词原形；passes为一般现在时；passed为过去式，均不符合语法结构。 【5题详解】 句意：他从祖父那里学习皮影戏，很小就技艺娴熟。 “learn from sb.”为固定搭配，意为“向某人学习”，应用from。of“……的”；about“关于”；with“和……一起”，均不构成该固定搭配。 【6题详解】 句意：然而，到了20世纪90年代，这项艺术变得不那么受欢迎了。 根据后文他找其他工作的情节，可知皮影戏不再像以前受欢迎，应用less popular“不那么受欢迎的”。popular“受欢迎的”；more popular“更受欢迎的”；the most popular“最受欢迎的”，均不符合语境逻辑。 【7题详解】 句意：王彪不得不找另一份工作，但他从未忘记对皮影戏的热爱。 此处表示“另一个（三者及以上中的）”，应用another。other“其他的”；the other“两者中的另一个”；others“其他的人/物”，均不符合语境。 【8题详解】 句意：王彪总是记得祖父对他说的话——不要让皮影戏在他这一代终结。 此处引导宾语从句，作said的宾语，意为“什么”，应用what。which“哪一个”；why“为什么”；how“如何”，均不符合语法要求。 【9题详解】 句意：不要让皮影戏在他这一代终结。 “let sb./sth. do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“让……做某事”，应用动词原形end。ends为第三人称单数；ending为动名词；to end为不定式，均不符合该固定结构。 【10题详解】 句意：王彪知道皮影戏需要与时俱进，所以他努力在表演中加入舞蹈、音乐和卡通元素。 前后分句为因果关系，前因后果，应用so“所以”。but表转折；unless表条件；because表原因，均不符合逻辑。 【11题详解】 句意：他的剧团已经在30多个国家演出。 修饰名词troupe，应用形容词性物主代词His。He为主格；Him为宾格；Himself为反身代词，均不符合语法要求。 【12题详解】 句意：2018年，他建立了一座收藏超过50000件展品的博物馆，包括数百份古老的剧本。 先行词museum为物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that。where作地点状语；whose表所属关系；who指代人，均不符合语法要求。 【13题详解】 句意：包括数百份古老的剧本。 hundreds of为固定搭配，意为“数百的”，表示概数。hundred of/two hundreds of/two hundreds均为错误表达。 【14题详解】 句意：借助现代科技，王彪和其他艺术家成功地将皮影戏转变为一种新的文化体验。 achieve后接名词作宾语，应用success。successfully为副词；successful为形容词；succeed为动词，均不符合语法要求。 【15题详解】 句意：他们将不遗余力地让这门古老的艺术在未来焕发生机、激励人心。 “spare no effort”为固定搭配，意为“不遗余力”，应用no。a little/a few表示少量；much表示大量，均不符合该固定搭配。 二、完形填空（共10个空格，每个空格1分；满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last month, our science teacher, Mr. Chen, announced a class project — building model rockets in teams. The news spread fast throughout our classroom, and the whole class was filled with ____16____ immediately. My teammate Lisa and I decided to work together on this exciting challenge. We spent several days ____17____ our design on paper and collecting all the necessary materials from local stores. Finally, last Saturday morning, we took the bus to the city park to test our rocket. The weather was fine — sunny with a gentle wind. With a deep breath, I pressed the button. The rocket shot into the sky ____18____, leaving a thin line of smoke behind. We cheered loudly, ____19____ it had worked well. However, our joy was short-lived. The parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and the rocket fell straight down, landing in a tall tree. We felt ____20____. The tree was too high to climb. Just as we were wondering what to do, an old man who was walking his dog saw our ____21____ situation. He smiled kindly and said, “Wait here for a moment.” He returned shortly with a long bamboo pole. Without saying much, he steadily helped us get the rocket down. We were so ____22____ and offered him some money. However, he ____23____ with a smile. “Seeing your scientific curiosity and hard work is the best reward,” he said before leaving. This ____24____ reminded me that the world is full of love. It can appear when you least expect it. We went to the park to send a rocket into the sky, but we brought back something more significant — a renewed faith deep in people’s hearts. It was a ____25____ I would never forget. 16. A. excitement B. victory C. confidence D. courage 17. A. copying B. planning C. remembering D. comparing 18. A. slowly B. accidentally C. successfully D. terribly 19. A. arguing B. proving C. discovering D. believing 20. A. relaxed B. embarrassed C. satisfied D. encouraged 21. A. perfect B. common C. personal D. difficult 22. A. thankful B. helpful C. awful D. painful 23. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. required 24. A. experience B. adventure C. decision D. discussion 25. A. task B. game C. day D. prize 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，描述了作者和队友在公园测试自制火箭时遭遇困难，得到一位陌生老人无私帮助并深受感动的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：这个消息迅速传遍了我们的教室，全班立刻充满了兴奋。 根据下文“this exciting challenge”可知，教室里充满了兴奋的气氛。excitement“兴奋”，符合语境；victory“胜利”，confidence“自信”，courage“勇气”，均不符合此处描述听到消息后反应的语境。 【17题详解】 句意：我们花了几天时间在纸上规划我们的设计，并从当地商店收集所有必要的材料。 根据下文“our design on paper”以及常识可知，在制作实物之前，通常需要在纸上进行设计和规划。planning“计划、规划”，与design搭配合理；copying“复制”，remembering“记得”，comparing“比较”，均不符合制作火箭前的准备工作逻辑。 【18题详解】 句意：火箭成功地射向天空，留下一道细细的烟迹。 根据下文“We cheered loudly”可知，大家大声欢呼，说明火箭发射得很成功。successfully“成功地”，符合语境；slowly“缓慢地”，accidentally“意外地”，terribly“糟糕地”，均无法解释大家欢呼的原因。 【19题详解】 句意：我们大声欢呼，相信它运行得很好。 根据上文“We cheered loudly”以及当时的情境，大家看到火箭升空，内心是确信或相信火箭工作正常。believing“相信”，作伴随状语符合逻辑；arguing“争论”，proving“证明”，discovering“发现”，均不符合此时大家的心理状态。 【20题详解】 句意：我们感到尴尬。 根据上文“The parachute failed to open, and the rocket fell straight down, landing in a tall tree”可知，火箭发射失败并卡在树上，这对于正在测试的学生来说是一件令人难堪或尴尬的事情。embarrassed“尴尬的”，符合语境；relaxed“放松的”，satisfied“满意的”，encouraged“受鼓舞的”，均与失败的语境相反。 【21题详解】 句意：就在我们想知道该怎么办时，一个正在遛狗的老人看到了我们的困难处境。 根据上文火箭卡在树上且树太高爬不上去的情节可知，他们处于一种进退两难的困境中。difficult“困难的”，准确描述了当时的处境；perfect“完美的”，common“普通的”，personal“个人的”，均不能体现处境的艰难。 【22题详解】 句意：我们是如此感激，并主动给他一些钱。 根据上文老人帮忙把火箭取下来的行为可知，作者和队友对老人的帮助心存感激。thankful“感激的”，符合语境；helpful“有帮助的”，awful“可怕的”，painful“痛苦的”，均不符合此时对恩人的情感表达。 【23题详解】 句意：然而，他微笑着拒绝了。 根据上文“offered him some money”以及转折词“However”可知，老人并没有收钱，而是拒绝了这份报酬。refused“拒绝”，符合语境；accepted“接受”，received“收到”，required“要求”，均与转折后的语意矛盾。 【24题详解】 句意：这次经历提醒我，这个世界充满了爱。 根据全文内容，作者讲述的是从发射火箭到遇到困难再到被老人帮助的整个过程，这是一次难忘的经历。experience“经历”，概括了整件事；adventure“冒险”，decision“决定”，discussion“讨论”，均不如experience贴切。 【25题详解】 句意：那是我将永远不会忘记的一天。 根据第二段提到的“last Saturday morning”以及整篇文章叙述的是发生在这一天的事情，结尾总结这是一个难忘的日子。day表示“天、日子”，符合语境；task表示“任务”，game表示“游戏”，prize表示“奖品”，均不能概括这一整天的特殊意义。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） JUST ASK How many movies have you seen about space? It looks fun, right? But is it? A lot of readers ask questions about the International Space Station (ISS国际空间站). Today, we’ve answered four of the best ones. Editor: Lily Bailey Q1: What do astronauts do on the International Space Station every day? Answer: They do a lot! They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth. But too much work isn’t good for anyone and we all need a little fun! Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it. If they get stressed, they relax by enjoying the views of our beautiful planet from space. Q2: How much exercise do astronauts do? Answer: Well, quite a lot. Take the astronaut Koichi Wakata for example. He lived on the ISS for 188 days and worked out for at least two hours every day. Some astronauts go jogging! Alan Shepard played moon golf in space. British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in 2016 and set a Guinness World Record. Q3: Does the body change in space? Answer: Yes, it does. Everything in space floats. Imagine sneezing (打喷嚏) in space! This means it’s easy to lift things. Astronauts train a lot on Earth, but their bodies get weak if they don’t do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks! These are only a few examples of the problems astronauts can have. Their muscles and hearts lose strength and their bones get weaker. Sometimes, when they get back to Earth, they’re not strong enough to walk! The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot! Q4: When and how do astronauts sleep? Answer: Good question. We all need to get enough sleep, but in space, with 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours, that’s not easy. Too many changes from day to night make it difficult to know when to sleep. So astronauts have very strict routines and wear special blindfolds to keep from light. 26. Astronauts do a lot of work on the ISS except ________. A. going on space walks B. repairing equipment C. playing games outside D. conducting experiments 27. The underlined word “this” in the third answer refers to ________. A. doing enough exercise B. sneezing in space C. making the body weak D. training on Earth 28. Lily Bailey answered the four questions to ________. A. explain how the ISS was built B. introduce the life on the ISS C. describe the history of space exploration D. list the countries that built the ISS 【答案】26. C 27. C 28. B 【解析】 【导语】本文通过回答四个读者问题，介绍了国际空间站（ISS）上宇航员的日常工作、锻炼、身体变化和睡眠情况，展现了太空生活的特点。 【26题详解】 根据Q1的回答“They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth... Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it.”可知，宇航员在空间站内玩游戏，而不是“在外面（outside）玩”，选项C与原文不符。 【27题详解】 第三段提到“Astronauts train a lot on Earth, but their bodies get weak if they don’t do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks!”，这里的this指代的是前文提到的“bodies get weak”，对应选项C。 【28题详解】 Lily Bailey回答的四个问题分别关于宇航员的日常工作、锻炼、身体变化和睡眠，都是围绕国际空间站上的生活展开的，目的是向读者介绍太空生活，对应选项B。 （B） David felt no joy. It was his second week at the new school but he still had no friends. Every time he went up to his classmates, he found a closed circle. The football team had enough players. The art club was full. Everyone had their own groups. During break, he saw some classmates throwing darts and counting the holes on a dartboard. David wondered what they were doing but he couldn’t find the courage to ask. The next day was the Class Fun Day. There were circles all around David. Big, bright hula hoops (呼啦圈). Suddenly someone shouted, “Look at David’s hula hoop.” David had brought an old bicycle tyre (轮胎).He wanted to disappear. Again, he could feel the circle closing, leaving him out. The other children ran out to play. David was left alone. “Why are you in class, David?” Mr Wilson, his maths teacher, asked. “They laughed at my ugly circle,” David replied. “Ah David,” the teacher said. “It’s not what’s on the outside that matters. It’s what’s inside. Just like pi (π).” Mr Wilson picked up David’s tyre and a big, shiny hula hoop. “Divide the length of the circumference (周长) of this hula hoop by its diameter (直径),” Mr Wilson said. David got 3.14768. “Great! Now divide the circumference of your tyre by its diameter.” David got 3.1463. Mr Wilson smiled. “When we divide the circumference of any circle by its diameter, the number we get is always about 3.14. This is called pi. Whether it is a shiny hula hoop or an old tyre, you will find pi.” David understood what Mr Wilson was trying to tell him. When it came to the laws of maths, his tyre was just as good as a shiny hula hoop. He realized that circles may appear to be closed but they had an open mystery (奥秘) inside them. Then he read a book about pi. In the afternoon, he saw a younger group of children playing a game at the dartboard. “I’m David,” he said. “I read about pi. I know what this is.” The children formed a circle around David. He counted the holes and started doing the maths. The answer was 3.14159. There was a loud cheer. David was finally part of a circle. He felt a sense of wonder. 29. Why did David feel unhappy in his new school at first? A. He was bad at all school subjects. B. He had no friends to play with. C. He disliked his new classmates. D. He failed to join the maths club. 30. How did David become part of a circle? A. By asking the teacher for help. B. By bringing an old bicycle tyre. C. By sharing his maths knowledge. D. By showing his dart-throwing skills. 31. Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined word? A. The children matter more to her than anything else in the world. B. There is something the matter with my eyes. C. What’s the matter with you? D. All matter is made up of tiny things. 32. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. Growth takes time. B. Not everything is as it looks. C. Happiness lies in small things. D. Learning is a lifelong journey. 【答案】29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一个关于用内在的知识和价值打破偏见、融入集体的温暖故事，传递了“外表不重要，内在才是关键”的主题。 【29题详解】 文章第一段“It was his second week at the new school but he still had no friends.”（这是他在新学校的第二周，但他仍然没有朋友），完全对应选项B“He had no friends to play with.”（他没有朋友一起玩）。 【30题详解】 文章结尾部分描述：David主动加入了飞镖游戏，分享了自己学到的关于圆周率（pi）的数学知识，通过计算飞镖盘的孔得出了圆周率的数值，赢得了同学们的欢呼，终于融入了大家。故选C。 【31题详解】 文中划线句“It’s not what’s on the outside that matters. It’s what’s inside.”（重要的不是外表，而是内在），这里的matter是动词，意为“要紧、重要”。A选项的意思是“孩子对她来说比什么都重要”，matter作动词，意为“要紧、重要”，和原文用法一致。B和C选项中matter是名词，意为“问题、麻烦”。D选项matter是名词，意为“物质”。 【32题详解】 文章的核心主题是老师说的那句话：It’s not what’s on the outside that matters. It’s what’s inside.（重要的不是外表，而是内在），以及David从被排斥到靠内在知识融入集体的故事。故选B。 （C） Have you ever looked up at a beautiful rainbow when noticing your friend looking at it? At that moment, both of you were focusing on the same object and aware of each other’s attention. This shared focus is called joint (共同的) attention. It depends on social cues (提示) such as actions or words that help two people to focus on the same thing. When completing tasks or solving problems, it is often said that two heads are better than one. But what does “better” mean? In one study, researchers asked pairs of participants (参与者) to complete a search task alone and then together. They found that when the participants worked together, they were faster at finding the goal, which researchers suggest is “better” performance. You might be wondering why two heads are better. Is it simply because you have another pair of eyes or because you divide the task? Well, the answer is both! Just having another pair of eyes can make a task easier and faster, so a group benefit can be found even if two people do not talk about the division of work. By dividing the work, you are more likely to finish the task faster, though one may work a little faster than the other. Researchers have also been interested in whether joint attention improves memory. They asked participants to remember pictures and found that when people believed another person was looking at the same picture and doing the same task, they remembered the picture better. So, this suggests that even when people imagine social cues, like just thinking someone else is focusing on the same task, joint attention can help people better remember things. Today, however, many interactions (互动) take place online. It is important to understand whether online interactions with others influence people’s attention. Researchers asked participants to complete a search task on their home computers, with an imaginary partner. The results showed that people were more accurate (准确的) when they thought they were working together with a partner, but faster when they thought they were competing with that partner. Interestingly, it did not matter how realistic the imaginary partner’s image (形象) was. All in all, joint attention is an important part of human interaction that shapes how people work together and how they remember. By understanding this, we can better recognise the value of our interactions. 33. Which of the following best shows the results of the study in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. B. C. D. 34. Which of the following opinions does the writer support? A. Working alone makes people finish tasks faster. B. Competing with a partner improves accuracy. C. The partner’s image realism has little influence. D. Online interactions are worse than offline ones. 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. Joint attention works better online than in the real world. B. Joint attention depends on how well people remember things. C. Imagining working with others brings about better performance. D. Cooperation is more important than competition in online settings. 36. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. From Attention to Performance B. The Power of Shared Focus C. From Social Cues to Connection D. The Key to Effective Interactions 【答案】33. D 34. C 35. C 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“共同关注”这一概念及其对人类互动的影响。文章通过多项研究说明了两个人一起工作或想象与他人合作时，能提高任务效率和记忆力，并探讨了在线互动中的相关情况，最后总结了共同关注的重要性。 【33题详解】 第二段指出研究发现：“when the participants worked together, they were faster at finding the goal”，这说明两人合作比单人快；第三段进一步解释：“By dividing the work, you are more likely to finish the task faster”，即分工合作会更快。观察图表，纵轴上方代表慢，下方代表快。图D显示Person A和Person B单独做较慢，A+B无分工稍快，A+B有分工最快 (柱子最短，最靠近Fast)，符合文意。 【34题详解】 第五段提到关于在线互动的研究结果：“Interestingly, it did not matter how realistic the imaginary partner’s image was.”，这意味着合作伙伴形象的逼真程度并不影响结果，即影响很小。 【35题详解】 第五段中提到：“The results showed that people were more accurate when they thought they were working together with a partner...”，这表明仅仅是想象与他人合作也能提高准确性 (表现更好)。 【36题详解】 文章第一段引出主题“This shared focus is called joint attention”，后续段落分别论述了共同关注如何提高效率、改善记忆以及在线上的作用，最后一段总结“joint attention is an important part of human interaction”。整篇文章都在围绕“共同关注”的力量展开；选项B“The Power of Shared Focus”直接对应“shared focus (joint attention)”这一核心概念，概括了全文主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 （D） Have you ever imagined a garbage burning factory does not have enough rubbish to burn? In some cities, this is becoming true. In the past, people made too much rubbish. Cities built waste-to-energy factories to burn rubbish and make electricity. But now, some factories get less daily household waste. They are becoming “hungry”. This is actually good news for us. Why does this happen? Because waste recycling works well today. People sort their rubbish carefully; kitchen waste can be made into fertilizer (肥料), while plastic, paper, glass and metal can be used again. There is less leftover rubbish to burn. Besides, people learn to cut down waste and reuse things in daily life. Even so, waste-to-energy factories are still useful. Here is how they work: * Arriving: Trucks put rubbish into a big storage area. A machine mixes it up. * Reacting: Then the rubbish goes into a hot oven with a temperature over 850°C. ▲ Heat causes a burning reaction here. Natural waste such as food, paper and wood reacts with oxygen (O2), breaking down to give off heat, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). The high-pressure vapor makes a machine called a turbine (涡轮) run fast. The fast-moving turbine is connected to another machine to make electricity. * Cleaning the smoke: Before smoke goes into the air, cleaners make it clean. About 90% of the waste at the beginning is gone. The ash (灰) left can be used for building houses, and metal in the ash can be collected and recycled again. Good points: It cuts down waste greatly, saves ground space for rubbish, makes electricity and collects metal for reuse. Bad points: Burning rubbish still makes CO₂ gas. What’s more, people may think burning can solve all problems and forget to reduce and reuse waste first. Right recycling is the most useful way to protect our home. The future will be a greener world where no waste is left useless. 37. What can people do with kitchen waste according to the passage? A. It can be made into fertilizer. B. It can be sold for money. C. It can be kept in storage forever. D. It can be used to clean water. 38. Which sentence can be put into ▲ in Paragraph 6? A. This is where math is recorded! B. This is where chemistry happens! C. This is where physics takes control! D. This is where biology starts working! 39. Why are the good and bad points included in the passage? A. Because they show the writer’s personal feelings. B. Because they tell readers what to do immediately. C. Because they give a balanced and complete opinion. D. Because they make the passage longer and easier to read. 40. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To warn people not to build rubbish-burning factories. B. To teach students how to sort kitchen waste at home. C. To explain how a turbine works to make electricity. D. To introduce garbage factories and ways to deal with waste. 【答案】37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了垃圾焚烧发电厂因垃圾分类和减量而面临垃圾不足的现状，同时解释了焚烧厂的工作原理及其优缺点。 【37题详解】 第三段明确指出：“kitchen waste can be made into fertilizer”，说明厨余垃圾可以被制成肥料。 【38题详解】 第五段空格后紧接着描述了“Heat causes a burning reaction here. Natural waste... reacts with oxygen... breaking down...”，这些描述涉及燃烧反应、物质分解和化学变化，因此“This is where chemistry happens!”（这是发生化学反应的地方！）最符合语境。 【39题详解】 文章最后列出了垃圾焚烧发电的“Good points”（优点）和“Bad points”（缺点），既提到了它能减少垃圾、发电，也指出了它会产生二氧化碳及可能让人忽视源头减量。这种正反两方面的描述是为了给读者提供一个全面、客观（balanced and complete）的观点。 【40题详解】 通读全文可知，文章首先引出了垃圾焚烧厂“缺垃圾”的现象，接着解释了回收利用的作用，然后详细介绍了焚烧厂的工作流程及优缺点，最后呼吁正确的回收。因此，作者的主要目的是介绍垃圾焚烧厂以及处理垃圾的方法。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Looking for a good book can be hard when there are so many around you. Usually, the problem is not “Can I read?” but “What should I read next?” Don’t worry. ____41____ Start with writers you like Begin with writers you know well. Think of writers whose books you have enjoyed before. ____42____ Because you already know these writers, you are more likely to enjoy their books. Try popular or prize-winning books Another idea is to choose a book that many people recommend. ____43____ These books are often popular for a long time because many readers love them. When you pick one of them, you can see why so many readers enjoy it. Follow your interests Your hobbies and interests can also guide you. If you love cooking, look for a story about a cook. If you enjoy science or space, choose a book with these words in the title. ____44____ When a book is close to your life, you may care more about what happens and keep reading to the end. Talk with other readers ____45____ Ask friends, family, teachers or librarians for advice. You can also join a book club and share your ideas. Being a member in a book club can help you read more and even make new friends. A. Reading doesn’t have to be alone. B. Sometimes it is hard to finish a book. C. Here are some ideas to help you choose a book more easily. D. For example, choose books that are classics or have won prizes. E. You can check book covers or reading websites to find their other books. 【答案】41. C 42. E 43. D 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为读者提供了几种轻松选书的方法，包括从喜欢的作者入手、尝试热门或获奖书籍、跟随个人兴趣以及与他人交流。 【41题详解】 前文说“问题不是‘我能读吗？’而是‘我接下来该读什么？’别担心”，后文分点给出具体建议。C项“Here are some ideas to help you choose a book more easily.”与前后文衔接自然，起到了承上启下的作用。 【42题详解】 本段讲从喜欢的作者入手。前文说“想想你之前喜欢过的作家”，后文说“因为你已经了解这些作家，你更有可能喜欢他们的书”。E项“You can check book covers or reading websites to find their other books.”与前后文逻辑一致，具体说明了如何找到喜欢的作者的其他作品。 【43题详解】 本段讲尝试热门或获奖书籍。前文说“另一种方法是选择一本很多人推荐的书”，后文说“这些书常常因为受读者喜爱而长期流行”。D项“For example, choose books that are classics or have won prizes.”与前后文衔接自然，具体举例说明了热门的书籍类型。 【44题详解】 本段讲跟随个人兴趣，前文举例按爱好挑书，后文说“当一本书贴近你的生活时，你会更关心剧情，读到结尾”。B项“Sometimes it is hard to finish a book.”与前后文逻辑一致，解释了为什么要选择贴近生活的书。 【45题详解】 本段讲与他人交流。后文说“向朋友、家人、老师或图书管理员寻求建议。你也可以加入读书俱乐部，分享你的想法”。A项“Reading doesn’t have to be alone.”与后文逻辑一致，点明了与他人交流阅读的意义。 第II卷 非选择题（共30分） 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词） Octopus (八达通) cards are travel cards which people use to travel on public transport in Hong Kong. Think about buying one if you travel there. It will help you s____46____ time because you don’t have to wait in lines or find money to buy single journey tickets. When travelling in Hong Kong, you can use the cards e____47____ on all kinds of public transport. Hold your card near a machine called an Octopus reader at the beginning and end of your journey. You can also use them in some taxis, but you’d better ask the taxi d____48____ when you get into the taxi, not at the end of your journey. Octopus cards are used widely by local people and visitors because they are easy and c____49____. You can buy the cards at any train station. Take care of your card. If you l____50____ it, you should tell the Octopus company. 【答案】46. save##ave 47. easily##asily 48. driver##river 49. convenient##onvenient 50. lose##ose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了香港八达通卡的使用方法、优势及注意事项。 【46题详解】 句意：它将帮助你节省时间，因为你不用排队或找钱购买单程票。根据空格后的time及首字母“s”可知，save“节约”，符合语境，固定搭配save time意为“节省时间”。 【47题详解】 句意：在香港旅行时，你可以轻松地在各种公共交通上使用这张卡。修饰动词use需用副词，easily表示“轻松地、方便地”，首字母为e，符合“all kinds of public transport”的语境。 【48题详解】 句意：但你最好在上出租车时询问出租车司机，而不是在行程结束时。根据句意，询问的对象是司机，首字母“d”，对应driver“司机”，空格前有定冠词the，所以填单数形式即可。 【49题详解】 句意：八达通卡被当地人和游客广泛使用，因为它们既简单又方便。根据句子结构可知，此处需一个形容词与easy并列，描述八达通卡的优点，首字母“c”可知，convenient“方便的”符合题意。 【50题详解】 句意：如果你丢失了它，你应该告知八达通公司。根据上下文“take care of your card”提示可知，此处表示丢失，根据首字母“l”提示，及动词lose意为“丢失”可知。 第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子（每格限填一词） 51. 凯利曾经害怕学溜冰。 Kelly ________ ________ ________ afraid of learning to skate. 【答案】 ①. used ②. to ③. be 【解析】 【详解】原句中“曾经”和“害怕”是关键词，表示“曾经”的短语是used to，表示过去存在的状态或习惯。表示“害怕”的短语是be afraid of，used to后面必须接动词原形，因此be动词用原形。 52. 直到有天她看到一个小女孩勇敢地学溜冰，她才下定决心改变。 She ________ ________ up her mind to change ________ she saw a little girl learning to skate bravely one day. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. make ③. until 【解析】 【详解】原句中“下定决心”“直到……才……”是关键词，表示这一逻辑关系的句型是“not...until...”。本句为一般过去时，否定句需借助于助动词“did”，后接动词原形“make”，构成didn’t make up her mind“没下定决心”。故填didn’t；make；until。 53. 她慢慢学到了如何能保持平衡。 Slowly, she learnt ________ ________ ________ ________ her balance. 【答案】 ①. how ②. she ③. could ④. keep 【解析】 【详解】原句中“如何能保持”是关键词，“如何”译为how，“能”译为情态动词could（因主句learnt为过去式，从句需时态一致用一般过去时，can的过去式为could），“保持”译为keep，“保持平衡”的固定搭配为keep one’s balance，句中her balance 已给出，故填keep，不定式结构“how to keep”仅需3个词，但题目有4个空，故需使用宾语从句结构“how she could keep”。 54. 很多人告诉她不要放弃。最终她做到了！ She ________ ________ by many people ________ ________ give up. And finally she made it! 【答案】54. was 55. told 56. not 57. to 【解析】 【详解】中文原句主语是“很多人”，而英文句子主语是“She”，动作的承受者变成了主语，因此需要使用被动语态（be told）。后一句“And finally she made it!”中使用了一般过去时（made），根据时态一致原则，前句也应使用一般过去时，故be动词选用was。固定搭配：“告诉某人不要做某事”的主动结构是tell sb. not to do sth.，变为被动结构后为sb. be told not to do sth.。故填was；told；not；to。 55. 看！她现在溜冰多棒呀！ Look! ________ ________ she is skating! 【答案】 ①. How ②. well 【解析】 【详解】原句中“多棒”是关键词，该句为感叹句，句中没有需要感叹的名词，因此第一个空填How，修饰形容词/副词；此处的“棒”是修饰动作skating，所以用副词well。 第三节 书面表达（共1小题，满分15分） 56. 每个人心里都藏着一些想做的事，比如为家人分担家务，为同学解决困难，为社会……，为……。你校英文报社以“Things I want to do for ________”为题开展征文活动，请你补全题目并按提示写一篇短文投稿。 要求： 词数80左右； 文中需包含思维导图内容提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 不得出现真实姓名和校名； 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 Things I want to do for ________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Things I want to do for my parents Everyone has a warm wish deep in their hearts. My biggest wish is to do something nice for my parents. First, I want to help them do housework, like sweeping the floor. Second, I want to cook a meal for them. I want to do these things because my parents do a lot for me, so I want to show my thanks. To make it come true, I will learn to cook from the Internet. Also, I will make a plan to do chores on weekends. I believe my wish will come true. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文（征文投稿），以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，语言真诚朴实，符合中学生征文的语气 明确要点：需补全题目，包含想做的事（至少两件）、做这些事的原因、具体做法，词数80词左右 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：文中不得出现真实姓名和校名，条理清楚，语句通顺，可适当发挥 [第二步：构思布局] 四段式结构： 开头段：点明主题，说明自己想为父母做些事 主体段1：列举想做的两件事，并说明原因 主体段2：说明实现这些愿望的具体做法 结尾段：表达对愿望实现的期待 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：点明主题 has a warm wish deep in their hearts/do something nice for my parents I have many wishes, but the most important one is to do something for my parents. 要点二：列举想做的事并说明原因 help them do housework/cook a meal for them/show my thanks I want to help my parents with chores and cook for them, because they always work hard to take care of me. 要点三：说明具体做法 make it come true/learn to cook from the Internet/make a plan to do chores on weekends I will practice cooking on weekends and keep a daily plan to help with housework. 要点四：表达期待 I believe/come true I hope my parents will feel happy when I do these things for them. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $