湖北省武汉市2025-2026学年下学期高一年级英语期末自编模拟卷（一）

**基本信息** 本试卷以真实情境与能力梯度设计为特色，涵盖科技前沿（浮式液滴发电机）、文化体验（北京景点、伦敦马拉松）、生活智慧（沟通技巧、高温防暑）等主题，适配高一年级期末综合语言能力评估。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|细节捕捉、推理判断|对话情境真实（如商务预约、旅游环保），独白融合文化与社会话题| |阅读|20题/50分|应用文（写作指南）、记叙文（跑步体验）、议论文（沟通语境）、说明文（科技）|跨学科素材丰富，设题注重思维层次（如词义推断、主旨归纳）| |语言运用|25题/30分|词汇辨析、语法填空（时态、从句、非谓语）|完形填空以生活感悟为载体，语法填空聚焦环保政策，语境化考查语言运用| |写作|2题/40分|应用文（论坛回帖）、读后续写|贴近学生生活（考试压力、新环境适应），注重观点表达与叙事逻辑，培育思维品质与文化意识|

湖北省武汉市2025-2026学年下学期高一年级英语 期末自编模拟卷（一） 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第I卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will the meeting be held? A. Tomorrow. B. This Friday. C. Next week. 【答案】B 【难度】0.95 【原文】 W: We need to reschedule the project meeting. The manager has a sudden business trip tomorrow. M: No problem. When would be convenient? How about this Friday afternoon or next week? W: This Friday works better. I’ll send a reminder to the team later. 2. What does the woman like doing? A. Hiking. B. Painting. C. Reading alone. 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【原文】 M: Do you have any hobbies to relax after work? I usually go hiking on weekends. W: I love painting. Mostly watercolors. It helps me calm down. Sometimes. I also join a book club. M: That sounds great. I’ve always wanted to try painting but never had the chance. 3. What impressed the man most in Beijing? A. Visiting the Great Wall. B. Enjoying a Beijing opera. C. Touring the Forbidden City. 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【原文】 W: So what was your most unforgettable experience traveling in Beijing? M: I’d say it was watching a Beijing opera at the National Grand Theater. It was really amazing. W: I was expecting you’d say it was your time on the Great Wall or in the Forbidden City. M: There were just too many people. 4. Where is the woman’s passport? A. At the airport. B. In the taxi. C. In a bag. 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【原文】 W: Wait a moment. I’ve packed my passport, but I can’t remember which bag it is in. M: Find it at the airport. Come on. The taxi is waiting. W: No hurry. The plane leaves in two hours. Anyway, I’m ready to go. 5. What did Jack do? A. He read a post. B. He designed a website. C. He sent his congratulations to the man. 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【原文】 W: Have you read Jack’s post on the website? M: Not yet. I haven’t had the time to surf the Internet yet. What was he on about? W: He congratulated you on your success. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答6、7题。 6. Why can’t the woman meet Mr. Franks on Thursday morning? A. She will be out on business. B. She has an appointment. C. She will hold a meeting. 7. What will the man probably do next? A. Attend a meeting. B. Meet some customers. C. Tell Mr. Franks about the schedule. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【难度】0.85 【原文】 M: Mr. Franks wanted to schedule a meeting with you later this week. W: Certainly, what is he doing on Thursday afternoon? M: I’m afraid he’s meeting with some customers out of town. How about Thursday morning? W: Unfortunately, I’m seeing someone else on Thursday morning. Is he doing anything on Friday morning? M: No, it looks like he’s free then. W: Great, should I come by at 9? M: Well, he usually holds a staff meeting at 9. It only lasts a half-hour or so. How about 10? W: Yes, 10 would be great. M: OK, I’ll schedule that. 听第7段录音，回答8、9题。 8. Why did Eric leave the classroom ahead of time this morning? A. He misread the time. B. He found the test quite easy. C. He missed the writing part. 9. What can we say about Eric? A. He’s modest. B. He’s proud. C. He’s selfless. 【答案】8. B 9. A 【难度】0.85 【原文】 W: Eric, you left the classroom before the bell this morning. Did anything urgent happen? M: No, I left after I finished the test. W: How come you finished the paper faster than the rest of us? M: I planned to spend an equal amount of time on every section and gave an extra ten minutes for the writing part. However, the last question wasn’t as difficult as I had expected. So, I just spent less time on the paper. W: Wow, you do have a talent for planning. I really admire you. M: Thank you for your compliment. I feel flattered. I just got lucky. 听第8段录音，回答10至12题。 10. What problem does Jessie have? A. She has a difficult client. B. She can’t get through to her manager. C. She is unable to find important data. 11. When will David probably come back home? A. At 8: 15 a.m. B. At 8: 45 a.m. C. At 9: 15 a.m. 12. What do we know about David and Jessie? A. They’re family. B. They’re colleagues. C. They’re neighbors. 【答案】10. C 11. C 12. B 【难度】0.85 【原文】 M: Hello. W: Hi, David.This is Jessie. The office computers have got a virus.All the documents for the current project are lost. What’s worse, all of our clients’ numbers are lost too. Our department manager is trying to collect any available information. We are counting on you. M: I’m sorry to hear that, but this is not David speaking. W: Oh, sorry. Who’s that? Did I dial the wrong number? M: I’m Neo, David’s father. W: Ah, excuse me, could I speak to David, please? M: I’m afraid not. He’s out for a workout. W: Did he say what time he’ll be back? M: No, but on average it takes him about one hour. He went out at 8:15 before breakfast. Now it’s 8:45 a.m. W: I see. Could you please tell him to call me back as soon as possible? M: Sure. Jessie, right? W: Yes. Thank you very much. 听第9段录音，回答13至16题。 13. What made Maya Bay draw too many tourists since 1999? A. The convenient location. B. Its first opening to the public. C. A famous Hollywood movie. 14. Why did the government close Maya Bay for a time? A. To develop it. B. To protect the natural life. C. To do research. 15. How many tourists can visit Maya Bay per day now? A. 2,000. B. 300. C. 4,000. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Read some magazines. B. Surf the Internet. C. Book a holiday. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. B 16. B 【难度】0.65 【原文】 W: Dave, what about going to Maya Bay in Thailand for a holiday this year? The magazine says it’s a very famous beach in the country. M: I know that beach. It made headlines in 1999 when some people arrived there to film the famous Hollywood movie The Beach. Since then, tourists have flooded in this beach with as many as 4,000 visitors arriving on boats every day. W: That’s really hard to believe. M: Yes. Sadly, tourism ruined the natural life there. That is why the Thai government closed the beach to tourists for about four years. W: I didn’t know it was closed for about four years. So when did it reopen? M: It reopened in January, 2022. Now there’s a limit of 300 visitors per day. W: Well, I think it’s a good decision. M: I agree. Scientists there believe that the beach is a natural resource they have to preserve. Actually there’re many other great beaches in Thailand. We don’t have to visit that one. W: You’re right. But I don’t know any other beaches. M: It’s easy. Let’s search for some information on websites and then make a decision.   W: Good idea. 听下面一段独白，回答17至20题。 17. What does the route pass by? A. Iconic city landmarks. B. Private sports tracks. C. Quiet countryside parks. 18. Why did the runners join the London marathon? A. To gain public fame. B. To help personal causes. C. To run national charities. 19. What do we know about Sarah? A. She ran for her daughter. B. She is a professional. C. She is a busy student. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To give race advice. B. To highlight the event. C. To recruit more runners. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 【难度】0.85 【原文】 M: Welcome to Global Sports Report. Today, we highlight the London Marathon, a world-famous spring event known for its breathtaking views. The 26.2-mile journey begins in the quiet Greenwich Park, leading runners past iconic sights like the Tower Bridge and London Eye, before a grand finish near Buckingham Palace. It’s more than just a race; it’s a massive charity drive. Many participants wear creative costumes to raise funds. For instance, David, a local doctor, completed the course dressed as a superhero. He wanted to give back to the children’s hospital that successfully treated his daughter. The event also welcomes non-professionals, like 19-year-old Sarah. Despite her heavy college workload, she balanced intense study sessions with six months of training alongside her friends. Sarah ran to support a mental health charity, inspired by her brother’s personal struggles with anxiety. Ultimately, the marathon remains a powerful celebration of fitness, friendship, and the city’s incredible community spirit. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Whether you are writing a business email or a long research essay, the dictionary can be a powerful tool to assist you in becoming a better writer in English. You can use the main A-Z of the dictionary to help you: Choose your words carefully. Many words in English have similar or related meanings, but they are used in different contexts or situations. Look carefully at the example sentences provided in the entries for words you want to use. If you need academic vocabulary, look for the AW symbol. Combine words naturally and effectively. In English, certain pairs of words go together and sound natural to native speakers (for example, heavy rain) — and others do not (strong rain). Information on which words can be paired with one another can be found in the example sentences in the dictionary entries. Become more flexible. Rather than repeating the same word or phrase many times in your work, try to find other ways to express your ideas. Look for SYN symbol to find synonyms(同义词) and also study the synonym notes. Look for word families and try using words in the same family that are different parts of speech (e.g. different, adjective and differ, verb). Edit and check your work. You can use your dictionary to check any problem areas such as spelling, parts of speech, irregular forms, grammar, phrasal verbs, and prepositions. In the following sections you will find examples of essays and practical types of writing that you can use as models for your own work. You will also find advice on planning, organizing and writing each type of text. Contents The writing process            WT3            Reporting on data                 WT25 Answering the question         WT7            Writing a report                   WT28 Writing a comparison essay      WT10           Writing a review                  WT31 Writing an argumentative essay  WT13           Discussing pictures and cartoons     WT34 Oral presentations              WT20           Writing a formal letter             WT37 Writing a summary             WT23           Writing emails                   WT40 21. What can you do to reduce repetition in your writing? A. Correct potential problems in advance. B. Use synonyms or explore word families. C. Ensure accurate and natural word pairings. D. Analyze examples of word usage in context. 22. Which page should you refer to if you need to write an essay comparing two things? A. WT7. B. WT10. C. WT23. D. WT25. 23. Where is this text probably taken from ? A. A creative writing magazine. B. A scientific report. C. A dictionary’s writing guide. D. A promotion handbook. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 【难度】0.85 【导语】文章主要讲的是字典在英语写作中的重要作用，以及如何利用字典辅助写作，同时还介绍了相关写作指导内容目录。 21. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Look for SYN symbol to find synonyms (同义词) and also study the synonym notes. Look for word families and try using words in the same family that are different parts of speech (e.g. different, adjective and differ, verb). (查找“SYN”符号以找到同义词，同时也要研读同义词注释。寻找词族，并尝试使用同一词族中不同词性（例如，不同的“different”（形容词）和“differ”（动词）的单词)”可知，你可以使用同义词或者探索词族来减少文章中的重复内容。 22. 细节理解题。根据Contents表格内容“Writing a comparison essay WT10 (撰写一篇对比类议论文（WT10）) ”可知，写一篇对比两样事物的文章需要参考WT10。 23. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether you are writing a business email or a long research essay, the dictionary can be a powerful tool to assist you in becoming a better writer in English. (无论您是在撰写商务邮件还是长篇研究论文，词典都可成为帮助您提升英语写作水平的强大工具)”可知，这段文字可能出自一本词典的写作指南。 B Several years ago, I was addicted to personal bests (PBs). I treated every run as a never-ceasing battle against time with my GPS watch serving as my judge. Failure seemed certain unless I hit the target pace while success merely fueled the urge to map out how to go faster next time. It was two years before this means of running brought out multiple physical discomforts in me. Then a major injury — my broken ankle — sidelined me for three months, forcing me to switch to long, unhurried walks in the nearby park — no watch, no headphones and just the rhythm of my footsteps. It came as a revelation: I noticed the golden color of dusk filtering through oak leaves, the laughter of children echoing from the playground and the smell of freshly baked bread floating from a nearby bakery. When I returned to running, I resolved to abandon the addiction to PBs, opting for a pace gentle enough to allow off-key singing without breathing heavily. I joined a social running group, where we paused to pet dogs and share weekly stories. Then trail running, where roots and rocks demand full attention to footing rather than speed, became my new pursuit. Initially, it felt odd, like I was cheating, casting me into a mild state of disquiet with this unaccustomed pace. Soon, this shift brought clarity. One Saturday dawn, an aimless run led me to a reservoir. As I watched the sunlight sparkling on the water, I realized I hadn’t checked my electronic watch even once-no thoughts of pace or distance, just pure pleasure in running. That’s when it hit me: The essence of running doesn’t lie in pursuing data but in fully inhabiting the present, embracing surrounding delights and connecting with my body, nature and the world. That, indeed, is the greatest personal best of all. Now, I run to unwind after a long workday, to bond with friends and to witness sunrises. Occasionally I race at full speed, only when it feels fulfilling, not driven by a device and letting go of the need to prove myself. 24. What can we learn about the author in paragraph 1? A. He felt tired of daily training. B. He ran to compete with others. C. He used GPS to explore routes. D. He cared too much about his records. 25. What does the underlined word “revelation” in paragraph 2 probably refer to? A. A temporary relief. B. A deep regret. C. A refreshing realization. D. A painful recovery. 26. What is the author’s current attitude towards his GPS watch? A. Highly dependent. B. Less concerned. C. Strongly critical. D. Deeply confused. 27. What does the author’s experience convey? A. Physical injuries often lead to mental growth. B. Setting practical goals is essential for athletes. C. True pleasure in sports lies beyond tracking data. D. Social connection is the ultimate goal of running. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者曾沉迷跑步个人最佳成绩导致受伤，伤后领悟运动真谛，放弃数据执念，开始享受跑步本身与当下的美好。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Several years ago, I was addicted to personal bests (PBs). I treated every run as a never-ceasing battle against time with my GPS watch serving as my judge. Failure seemed certain unless I hit the target pace while success merely fueled the urge to map out how to go faster next time. (几年前，我痴迷于个人最佳成绩（PB）。我把每一次跑步都视为与时间的一场永无休止的较量，而我的GPS手表则充当着裁判的角色。除非达到目标速度，否则失败似乎已是必然；而成功只会让我更渴望下次如何跑得更快。)”可知，在第一段中，我们可以了解到作者过于在意自己的成绩记录。故选D项。 25. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Then a major injury — my broken ankle — sidelined me for three months, forcing me to switch to long, unhurried walks in the nearby park — no watch, no headphones and just the rhythm of my footsteps. (随后，一场严重的伤势——我的脚踝骨折——让我休养了三个月，这迫使我改换成在附近的公园里缓慢而从容地散步——没有手表，没有耳机，只有脚步的节奏。)”以及“I noticed the golden color of dusk filtering through oak leaves, the laughter of children echoing from the playground and the smell of freshly baked bread floating from a nearby bakery. (我注意到夕阳的金色光线透过橡树的叶子洒下，孩子们的笑声从游乐场传来，还有附近面包店飘来的新鲜出炉面包的香气)”可知，受伤后作者被迫不带任何设备慢走，第一次注意到了身边的自然与生活之美。“revelation”在此处指一种全新的、令人豁然开朗的领悟，即跑步之外还有更值得关注的事物。C选项A refreshing realization“令人振奋的领悟”符合语境。故选C项。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“One Saturday dawn, an aimless run led me to a reservoir. As I watched the sunlight sparkling on the water, I realized I hadn’t checked my electronic watch even once-no thoughts of pace or distance, just pure pleasure in running. That’s when it hit me: The essence of running doesn’t lie in pursuing data but in fully inhabiting the present, embracing surrounding delights and connecting with my body, nature and the world. That, indeed, is the greatest personal best of all. (在一个周六的清晨，毫无目的地跑步把我带到了一个水库边。当我看着阳光在水面上闪烁时，我意识到自己竟然连一次都没有查看过电子表——没有考虑速度或距离，有的只是纯粹的跑步乐趣。就在那时，我突然领悟到：跑步的本质不在于追求数据，而在于完全沉浸于当下，拥抱周围的美好事物，并与自己的身体、自然以及世界建立联系。这才是最伟大的个人最佳体验)”可推知，作者现在对GPS手表不再那么在意。故选B项。 27. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Now, I run to unwind after a long workday, to bond with friends and to witness sunrises. Occasionally I race at full speed, only when it feels fulfilling, not driven by a device and letting go of the need to prove myself. (现在，我跑步是为了在漫长的工作日结束后放松身心，是为了与朋友增进感情，也是为了观赏日出。偶尔我会全速奔跑，但只有当这种奔跑让我感到满足时，我才这样做，不是受某个设备的驱使，并且我已放下了证明自己的需求)”可知，全文通过作者的亲身经历，揭示了核心主旨：运动的本质不在于追求冰冷的数据和成绩，而在于全身心投入当下，感受身体、自然与世界的美好。故选C项。 C It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. . Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 28. What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly indicate? A. The inconsistence between words and meaning. B. The importance of remembering vital moments. C. The necessity of straightforward communication. D. The unavoidability of argument in a couple’s life. 29. What may make human language different from true codes? A. The context included in understanding meanings. B. The definitions made by words in communication. C. The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D. The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 30. How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” illustrate about irony? A. It simplifies language to save time. B. It covers the true feelings of people. C. It needs wordy explanations to make sense. D. It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 31. What does the author suggest in communication? A. Focusing on the opposite. B. Taking language literally. C. Reading beyond the words. D. Avoiding using ironic tones. 【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 【难度】0.4 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。 28. 推理判断题。根据第一段“She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related?(她说她不介意我忘记她的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？)”以及第二段“Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word.(交流不仅仅是言语。还包括这些话是怎么说的，语气，顺序，甚至是某个特定单词的选择)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。故选A。 29. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken.(人类语言不是一种编码。真正的编码与意义有着一一对应的关系。一种声音，一种定义。这就是我们在动物身上看到的情况。威尔逊和斯珀伯解释说：“当发出者和接收者拥有完全相同的编码时，编码交流效果最佳。”人类则不是这样。我们交流的内容比我们所说的单词的定义要多。这是一种推理交流，这意味着我们不仅理解所说的单词，而且理解它们所使用的语境)”可知，理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。故选A。 30. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. (反语是一个很好的例子，说明我们如何用几个简单的词来有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是陈述相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一个无聊的聚会后说“那很有趣”时，她既不是说聚会真的很有趣，也不是“讽刺地”说聚会很无聊。相反，她在表达一种情感。三个字代替了段落，展示了语言的效率)”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。故选 D。 31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. (威尔逊和斯珀伯得出结论，人类语言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类有两种独特的能力：语言能力和试图解读他人心理状态的能力。我们为听到的单词寻找语境。我们应该非常善于吸收这种语境来推断意义)” 可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅仅局限于字面意思。故选C。 D Scientists have long explored to turn the mechanical energy of raindrops into electricity. However, traditional droplet (液滴) generators have problems like being heavy, expensive, and hard to make in large sizes. A team from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has created a new floating droplet electricity generator. It uses water in its structure, making it lighter, cheaper and more eco-friendly. Unlike most existing generators that use solid platforms and metal electrode (电极), the new device floats on water. Water here works both as a support and a conductive electrode. This special design cuts the device’s weight by about 80% and its cost by nearly half, while it still produces as much electricity as traditional systems. When a raindrop hits the floating layer of the generator, the water below takes in the impact and helps the drop spread out. At the same time, ions (离子) in the water carry electric charges. Together, these things let the generator make about 250 volts of electricity from one raindrop. The generator also has smart drainage holes. These holes use water’s surface tension to remove extra water without letting it flow back, so the generator works stably. It can also work well in different temperatures and salt levels, even in natural lake water. Its special structure makes it strong enough for bad environments. Another advantage of this new technology is its capacity for large-scale production. Researchers built a 0.3-square-meter model, which is much bigger than earlier ones. It can power 50 LEDs at the same time and charge small batteries in minutes. This means it could be used to power small electronic devices and sensors on lakes or near the sea, without taking up any land. Professor Wanlin Guo, who led the study, said this “nature-integrated” design is a big step for cheap and light hydropower systems. These systems can work with solar and wind power. Besides making electricity, the technology can also help monitor water environments, like powering sensors that check water quality. Of course, there are still challenges. For example, raindrops fall unevenly, and the generator’s long-term outdoor use needs more testing. But this floating generator is still an important progress for practical hydropower use. 32. What is the main advantage of the floating generator over traditional ones? A. It uses eco-friendly metal electrodes. B. It produces higher voltage per raindrop. C. It works efficiently in desert environments. D. It reduces weight and cost significantly. 33. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The materials used to make the new generator. B. The working environment of the new generator. C. The working principle and strengths of the new generator. D. The differences between the new generator and traditional ones. 34. The 0.3-square-meter model in Para 4 demonstrates ________. A. the generator’s powerful capacity B. the larger size of traditional versions C. the reliability of outdoor operations D. the ability to monitor the water quality 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the new generator? A. Doubtful about its practical value. B. Unconcerned about its technical details. C. Cautiously optimistic about its future use. D. Confident that it will replace other energy sources. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 【难度】0.7 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南京航空航天大学团队研发的新型漂浮式液滴发电机的优势、工作原理、应用前景及面临的挑战。 32. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This special design cuts the device’s weight by about 80% and its cost by nearly half, while it still produces as much electricity as traditional systems.(这种特殊的设计使该设备的重量减轻了约80%，成本降低了近一半，同时它仍然能产生与传统系统一样多的电力。)”可知，漂浮式发电机的主要优势是显著减轻了重量和成本。故选D。 33. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“When a raindrop hits the floating layer of the generator, the water below takes in the impact and helps the drop spread out. At the same time, ions (离子) in the water carry electric charges. Together, these things let the generator make about 250 volts of electricity from one raindrop. The generator also has smart drainage holes. These holes use water’s surface tension to remove extra water without letting it flow back, so the generator works stably. It can also work well in different temperatures and salt levels, even in natural lake water. Its special structure makes it strong enough for bad environments.(当雨滴击中发电机的漂浮层时，下面的水吸收冲击力并帮助雨滴扩散。与此同时，水中的离子携带电荷。这些因素共同作用，使发电机能从一滴雨滴中产生约250伏的电力。发电机还有智能排水孔。这些孔利用水的表面张力去除多余的水，而不让水回流，因此发电机工作稳定。它还可以在不同的温度和盐度下工作良好，即使在天然湖水中也是如此。它的特殊结构使其在恶劣环境中足够坚固。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了新型发电机的工作原理和优势。故选C。 34. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Researchers built a 0.3-square-meter model, which is much bigger than earlier ones. It can power 50 LEDs at the same time and charge small batteries in minutes.(研究人员建造了一个0.3平方米的模型，比之前的模型大得多。它可以同时为50个LED供电，并在几分钟内为小电池充电。)”可知，0.3平方米的模型展示了发电机的强大能力。故选A。 35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Professor Wanlin Guo, who led the study, said this “nature-integrated” design is a big step for cheap and light hydropower systems. These systems can work with solar and wind power. Besides making electricity, the technology can also help monitor water environments, like powering sensors that check water quality. Of course, there are still challenges. For example, raindrops fall unevenly, and the generator’s long-term outdoor use needs more testing. But this floating generator is still an important progress for practical hydropower use.(领导这项研究的郭万林教授表示，这种“自然融合”的设计是廉价轻型水电系统的一大进步。这些系统可以与太阳能和风能一起工作。除了发电，这项技术还可以帮助监测水环境，比如为检测水质的传感器供电。当然，仍然存在挑战。例如，雨滴下落不均匀，发电机的长期户外使用需要更多的测试。但这种漂浮式发电机仍然是实际水电应用的一个重要进展。)”可知，作者引用教授的积极观点，且表示这种发电机的应用方面也有挑战，对新型发电机的未来使用持谨慎乐观的态度。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Beat the heat — How to stay cool when temperatures soar Maybe you’re one of those people who peel off a sweater when everyone else is complaining that it’s chilly. 36 The point is, there’s no single temperature that can be pinpointed (明确指出) as comfortable for everyone. “What temperature people start to become uncomfortable at is really individual and variable,” says S. Tony Wolf, PhD, assistant professor at the University of Georgia. 37 It also relies on things like humidity and air flow. Plus, combinations of factors unique to individuals — age, gender, body mass, medical conditions and medications — affect how we experience temperature. And fortunately, there are many things we can do to stay comfortable in spite of the heat. 38 “Sweating is how we regulate heat,” says Robert Kenefick, PhD, professor at the University of Massachusetts. “Drinking plain, cool water or fluids with electrolytes (like sports drinks) helps.” Choose clothing that’s right — light fabrics, light colors — and loose. Loose clothing allows for better airflow and helps keep you cool. 39 Keep windows covered with shades, blinds or curtains. Think of how a car with closed windows heats up when left sitting in sunlight — it’s called the greenhouse effect. The same thing can happen at home if uncovered windows trap sunlight and heat inside. Keep a spray bottle handy. Spraying yourself with cool or cold water and then sitting or standing near a fan can help your body evaporate (蒸发) sweat and dissipate (消散) heat through your skin. 40 “The more of your body surface areas that you cool, the better off you're going to be,” says Wolf. A. Drink plenty of water. B. If you are really hot, take a cold bath or shower. C. Use fans to keep the air constantly flowing indoors. D. Go out earlier in the day when it’s cooler or later at night. E. But workout clothing made from new fabrics is also a good choice. F. In fact, our perception of heat and cold doesn’t just depend on the temperature. G. Or maybe you’re the person who’s putting on a sweater when others say it’s too hot. 【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. B 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在高温天气下保持凉爽的多种实用方法，包括补充水分、选择合适衣物、遮挡窗户、使用喷雾降温等，并引用专家观点解释这些方法背后的科学原理。 36. 上文“Maybe you’re one of those people who peel off a sweater when everyone else is complaining that it’s chilly.(也许你是那种，当别人都在抱怨天冷的时候，你反而脱掉毛衣的人)”描述了一种对冷热感受不同的人。空后“The point is, there’s no single temperature that can be pinpointed (明确指出) as comfortable for everyone.(重点是，没有一个单一的温度，能被定义为对所有人都舒适的)”点明没有统一的舒适温度。空处与前文为顺承关系，列举另一种对冷热感受不同的人。选项G“Or maybe you’re the person who’s putting on a sweater when others say it’s too hot.(或者，你是那种，当别人说天太热的时候，你反而穿上毛衣的人)”与前文的“Maybe you’re...”形成并列列举，符合语境。故选G。 37. 上文““What temperature people start to become uncomfortable at is really individual and variable,” says S. Tony Wolf, PhD, assistant professor at the University of Georgia.(佐治亚大学的助理教授 S・托尼・沃尔夫博士说：“人们开始感到不适的温度，其实是因人而异的。”)”说明人们对温度的感受是有差异的。空后“It also relies on things like humidity and air flow.(它还取决于湿度和气流这类因素)”说明影响温度感受的其他因素。空处承接前文，说明对冷热的感知不只是取决于温度。选项F“In fact, our perception of heat and cold doesn’t just depend on the temperature.(事实上，我们对冷热的感知，不只是取决于温度)”中的“our perception of heat and cold”对应后文的“It”，与后文的“also”形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。 38. 空后“Sweating is how we regulate heat,” says Robert Kenefick, PhD, professor at the University of Massachusetts. “Drinking plain, cool water or fluids with electrolytes (like sports drinks) helps. (马萨诸塞大学的教授罗伯特・凯尼菲克博士说：“出汗是我们调节体温的方式，喝普通的凉水或者带电解质的液体（比如运动饮料）会有帮助。”) 解释了喝水降温的原理。空处是本段的总起句，点明喝水的建议。选项A“Drink plenty of water. (多喝水)”总领了后文的内容，符合语境。故选A。 39. 上文“Loose clothing allows for better airflow and helps keep you cool.(宽松的衣服能让空气更好地流通，帮你保持凉爽)”介绍了穿宽松衣服的降温方法。空处承接前文，补充说明其他合适的衣服。选项E“But workout clothing made from new fabrics is also a good choice.(但是用新型面料做的运动服也是个不错的选择)”承接前文的穿衣建议，补充了另一种合适的衣物，符合语境。故选E。 40. 上文“Spraying yourself with cool or cold water and then sitting or standing near a fan can help your body evaporate (蒸发) sweat and dissipate (消散) heat through your skin.(往自己身上喷凉水，然后坐在或者站在风扇旁边，能帮你的身体蒸发汗水，通过皮肤散发热量)”介绍了喷水降温的方法。空后““The more of your body surface areas that you cool, the better off you're going to be,” says Wolf.(沃尔夫说：“你冷却的身体表面积越大，你就会越舒服。”)”说明冷却身体表面积的重要性。空处承接前文，补充另一种冷却身体的降温方法。选项B“If you are really hot, take a cold bath or shower.(如果你真的很热，洗个冷水澡或者冲个凉)”承接前文的降温方法，同时呼应后文的冷却身体表面积的内容，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I still remember the day I bought my “nice” notebook. It was a leather-bound journal with cream-colored pages. I was sure it would make me the type of person who journals regularly, and who 41 beautiful thoughts. But it didn’t work. That gorgeous notebook sat 42 for months. When I finally opened it, I hesitated. The pages felt too delicate and too 43 to waste on my messy handwriting and ideas. So I 44 it. Instead, I grabbed an old, ugly composition notebook with a 45 cover and dog-eared corners. I started to 46 it with everything: morning pages, random thoughts and reminders. This is surprisingly 47 . I actually wrote. Every day. Without exception. The psychology is real. When we 48 something too much, we place limits around it, feeling it is “too good”. But the ugly notebook carries no such 49 . It has been used. It tells me, “This is a 50 for thinking and living, not a museum piece.” Here’s the thing: 51 notebooks are idea incubators (孵化器). With the pressure off, you experiment more. You try things that might 52 . And in that freedom, bad ideas I was 53 embarrassed about gradually evolved into work I’m proud of. And that’s where the real work of creation happens. The best notebook is never the most beautiful one. It’s the one you’ll actually 54 . Because the magic happens in the 55 , not in perfect pages. Your ugly notebook is waiting. 41. A. changes B. captures C. follows D. lacks 42. A. unfinished B. unclaimed C. undiscovered D. untouched 43. A. secret B. smart C. precious D. personal 44. A. closed B. decorated C. delivered D. fixed 45. A. torn B. hard C. hidden D. fancy 46. A. guard B. surround C. fill D. serve 47. A. annoying B. freeing C. demanding D. convincing 48. A. plan B. doubt C. control D. admire 49. A. luck B. warning C. promise D. pressure 50. A. tool B. test C. guide D. reason 51. A. incomplete B. impractical C. imperfect D. irregular 52. A. cheat B. fail C. hurt D. disappear 53. A. slightly B. initially C. hardly D. consequently 54. A. run into B. refer to C. look at D. reach for 55. A. preparing B. thinking C. writing D. reading 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. C 【难度】0.68 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者买了一个精美的笔记本，结果却因为太过珍惜而没有使用它，反而作者在破本子上写下了许多灵感。这件事让作者明白，真正的奇迹发生在实际的写作中，而非完美的纸页里。 【详解】41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确信这会让我成为那种经常写日记、捕捉美好想法的人。A. changes改变；B. captures捕捉，记录；C. follows跟随；D. lacks缺乏。根据上文“journals regularly”和空后“beautiful thoughts”可知，这里指写日记记录美好想法。故选B。 42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那本漂亮的笔记本几个月没动过。A. unfinished未完成的；B. unclaimed无人认领的；C. undiscovered未被发现的；D. untouched原封未动的。根据上文“But it didn’t work.(但它没有起作用。)”和下文“When I finally opened it, I hesitated.(当我终于打开它时，我犹豫了一下。)”可知，作者买完笔记本就没用过，一直没动它。故选D。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些页面感觉太精致、太珍贵，不能浪费在我凌乱的笔迹和想法上。A. secret秘密的；B. smart聪明的；C. precious珍贵的；D. personal个人的。根据空前“The pages felt too delicate”可知，笔记本的页面非常精美、珍贵。故选C。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我合上了它。A. closed关闭、合上；B. decorated装饰；C. delivered递送；D. fixed使固定。根据上文“The pages felt too delicate and too _____ to waste on my messy handwriting and ideas.”可知，笔记本太精美了，作者不想乱写乱划糟蹋它，所以合上笔记本，不再用它。故选A。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我抓起了一本破旧丑陋的作文笔记本，封面破了，角也折了。A. torn撕裂的；B. hard坚硬的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. fancy精致的。根据空前“an old, ugly composition notebook”和空后“dog-eared corners”可知，笔记本破旧丑陋，有折角，说明笔记本的外观不好，这里应是说封面破了。故选A。 46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在上面写满各种东西：晨间书写、随机的想法和提醒。A. guard守卫；B. surround围绕；C. fill使充满；D. serve服务。根据空后“it with everything: morning pages, random thoughts and reminders”可知，作者在破旧笔记本上写了各种各样的东西，也就是用内容填满它。故选C。 47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是令人惊讶的自由。A. annoying令人恼怒的；B. freeing使人自由的；C. demanding要求高的；D. convincing有说服力的。根据上文“I started to ______ it with everything: morning pages, random thoughts and reminders.”和下文“in that freedom”可知，作者在破旧笔记本上随意书写，感觉很自由。故选B。 48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们过于欣赏某个东西时，我们会对它加以限制，觉得它“太好了”。A. plan计划；B. doubt怀疑；C. control控制；D. admire欣赏。根据下文“feeling it is “too good””可知，感觉这个东西“太好”，那就是非常欣赏它。故选D。 49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但丑陋的笔记本没有这样的压力。A. luck运气；B. warning警告；C. promise承诺；D. pressure压力。根据上文“we place limits around it”和下文“With the pressure off”可知，笔记本太好，我们会有许多书写压力，而对破笔记本则没有这样的压力。故选D。 50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它告诉我，“这是一个思考和生活的工具，而不是博物馆的作品。”A. tool工具；B. test测试；C. guide指南；D. reason原因。根据空后“for thinking and living”可知，笔记本是用来思考和生活的书写工具。故选A。 51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情是这样的：不完美的笔记本是创意孵化器。A. incomplete不完整的；B. impractical不切实际的；C. imperfect不完美的；D. irregular不规则的。根据上文“an old, ugly composition notebook with a _____ cover and dog-eared corners”可知，笔记本破旧丑陋，还有缺陷，这里指不完美的笔记本。故选C。 52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你尝试可能会失败的事情。A. cheat欺骗；B. fail失败；C. hurt伤害；D. disappear消失。根据上文“_____ notebooks are idea incubators (孵化器)”和空前“You try things that might”以及下文“bad ideas”可知，既然破旧的笔记本是创意孵化器，那么在上面可以随意尝试书写想法，而这些想法不一定都会成功。故选B。 53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这种自由中，我最初感到尴尬的坏想法逐渐演变成我引以为豪的作品。A. slightly轻微地；B. initially最初；C. hardly几乎不；D. consequently因此。根据下文“gradually evolved into work I’m proud of”可知，最初的坏想法可能最终变成好作品。故选B。 54. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它是你真正伸手拿过来用的东西。A. run into遇到；B. refer to参考；C. look at看；D. reach for伸手去拿。根据上文“The best notebook is never the most beautiful one.(最好的笔记本永远不会是最漂亮的。)”和前文作者用破旧笔记本自由写作而不是用精致笔记本的描述可知，最好的笔记本不在于精致外观，而在于拿起来使用。故选D。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为奇迹发生在写作中，而不是在完美的页面中。A. preparing准备；B. thinking思考；C. writing写作；D. reading阅读。根据上文“I started to _____ it with everything: morning pages, random thoughts and reminders.”和“I actually wrote.(我确实在写作。)”可知，文章核心是写日记，奇迹发生在实际书写中，而非完美的空白纸页。故选C。 第II卷（非选择题部分） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has scaled up policy to protect and restore the environment around the Yangtze River, putting measures 56 place to treat industrial and agricultural pollutants and protect grasslands and wetlands. A policy document 57 (release) by 17 central government departments promises to prioritize effort and adopt a 58 (comprehension) way of conserving the Yangtze River Basin area. The policy document follows a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the government in 2020 in response to 59 (decline) biodiversity. Despite improvements to the Yangtze’s water quality, the rise of non-point source pollution 60 (emerge) as a major problem in recent years. The document stresses the need for a systemic approach, 61 will require the establishment of long-term mechanisms to prevent the return of polluted water bodies. The treatment of pollution is another priority, as the government looks to install tighter controls over pollutants discharged by chemical factories and promote 62 (high) efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 63 (restore) the diversity of aquatic (水生生物) life in the Yangtze, the document says that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make 64 action plan to save them and that more work 65 (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers. 【答案】56. in 57. released 58. comprehensive 59. declining 60. has emerged 61. which 62. higher 63. To restore 64. an 65. will be done 【难度】0.65 【导语】文章主要讲述中国加大了对长江周边环境的保护与修复政策力度，17个中央政府部门发布政策文件，采取综合方式保护长江流域，包括应对生物多样性下降实施十年禁渔，解决非点源污染问题，加强对化工厂污染物排放管控，提高化肥和农药使用效率，建立濒危动物监测系统以及制定拯救行动计划、增强河流连通性等措施。 【详解】56. 考查固定短语。句意：中国加大了对长江周边环境的保护与修复政策力度，采取措施处理工业和农业污染物，保护草原和湿地。put... in place是固定短语，意为“落实；实施”。 57. 考查非谓语动词。句意：17个中央政府部门发布的一份政策文件承诺，将优先采取行动，并采用综合的方式来保护长江流域地区。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词promises，所以此处应用非谓语动词，document与release之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词released作后置定语，表被动和完成。 58. 考查形容词。句意：17个中央政府部门发布的一份政策文件承诺，将优先采取行动，并采用综合的方式来保护长江流域地区。此处修饰名词way，应用形容词comprehensive，意为“综合的；全面的”。 59. 考查形容词。句意：这份政策文件是继2020年政府为应对生物多样性下降而在长江实施的为期10年的禁渔令之后出台的。此处修饰名词biodiversity，应用形容词declining，意为“下降的；衰退的”。 60. 考查时态。句意：尽管长江的水质有所改善，但近年来非点源污染的上升已成为一个主要问题。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。主语the rise是单数，所以谓语动词用has emerged。 61. 考查定语从句。句意：该文件强调需要一种系统性的方法，这将需要建立长期机制，以防止水体再次受到污染。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。 62. 考查形容词比较级。句意：污染治理是另一个优先事项，因为政府希望对化工厂排放的污染物实施更严格的控制，并提高化肥和农药的使用效率。根据语境及前面的tighter可知，此处应用形容词比较级higher，表示“更高的”效率。作定语。 63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词表目的，所以用动词不定式To restore，句首单词首字母大写。 64. 考查冠词。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。此处表示“一个”行动计划，表泛指，action发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。 65. 考查时态和语态。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件称，中国将建立濒危动物监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划，还将开展更多工作来增强河流的连通性。根据语境可知，work与do之间是被动关系，且表示将来的动作，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 假定你是李华。你校英文论坛上有一位同学发帖说：“Monthly exams cause too much stress and should be cancelled.”，该帖引发了大家的热议。请你回帖发表你的看法。内容包括： 1. 表明立场； 2. 给出理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： I appreciate your concern, yet I hold a different view. Cancelling monthly exams might relieve short-term pressure, but it could also take away a useful routine that helps many of us stay on track. Rather than mere stressors, I see them as invaluable opportunities for self-reflection. A well-designed test does more than measure performance — it forces us to organize fragmented knowledge, sharpen time-management skills, and confront our weaknesses head-on. Without such regular checkpoints, it’s all too easy to fall into a cycle of procrastination and last-minute cramming. That said, I agree that the current exam culture needs refining. Perhaps we should advocate for exams that prioritize learning over ranking. 【难度】0.65 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生根据学校文论坛上有一位同学发帖说：“Monthly exams cause too much stress and should be cancelled.”，回帖发表自己的看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 衡量；评估：measure → assess 减缓：relieve→ease 帮助：help → assist 而不是；而非：rather than → instead of 2.句式拓展：简单句变复合句 原句：Without such regular checkpoints, it’s all too easy to fall into a cycle of procrastination and last-minute cramming. 拓展句：If we had no such regular checkpoints, we would easily fall into a cycle of procrastination and last-minute cramming. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Cancelling monthly exams might relieve short-term pressure, but it could also take away a useful routine that helps many of us stay on track.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】That said, I agree that the current exam culture needs refining.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Carly frowned as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days. “Moving here was a dumb idea,” Carly grumbled, mostly to herself. “What’s that?” Her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots and a wok. “Nothing.” Carly mumbled. The girl had been irritated about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints. The first few days at her new school hadn’t been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn’t know, and it seemed like the students hadn’t even noticed her. Carly sighed and got back to washing dishes. On the day of the grand opening, Carly’s parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Carly was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family. At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Carly’s age. As she filled their glasses, Carly realized the twins were in her class. Carly ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table. Carly’s mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher. “Honey, what are you doing back here? We need you out front with the customers.” “Mom, I don’t want to be out there. There are kids from school!” “So?” her mother asked, “That’s good! Go take them some fortune cookies and say hello!” She clicked her tongue disapprovingly at Carly and disappeared out of the kitchen. Carly frowned. She grabbed a handful of fortune cookies that they gave out after every meal, but first she tore open a wrapper and cracked a cookie open for herself. She popped a sweet, crunchy (酥脆的) piece in her mouth, and absently read the paper fortune it held. “Many friends are found with a single smile,” it read. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Carly sighed, put a handful of fortune cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. _____________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hey! You’ re the new girl — Carly, right?!” one of the girls exclaimed. ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Carly sighed, put a handful of fortune cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. Her hands were slightly shaking as she walked toward the twins’ table, her heart beating fast. She kept telling herself to smile, remembering the fortune in her cookie. When she reached the table, she hesitated for a second, then forced a soft smile and placed the tray down. “Here are your fortune cookies,” she said quietly, avoiding eye contact, ready to turn away quickly. “Hey! You’re the new girl — Carly, right?!” one of the girls exclaimed. Carly froze, then slowly looked up, surprised that they recognized her. The other twin smiled warmly and pulled out a chair beside her. “We saw you in class but didn’t dare to say hi,” she said. “Your family’s restaurant is amazing!” Carly felt her tension fade away, and she even smiled more naturally. They talked about school and the restaurant, and before long, Carly realized that making friends wasn’t as hard as she thought. The fortune was right — a single smile really could bring new friends. 【难度】0.35 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Carly随家人从旧金山搬到新地方，父母开了家小餐馆，她却对搬家很不满，新学校也没交到朋友。餐馆开业当天，她遇到班里的一对双胞胎同学，在幸运签语“一个微笑就能交到许多朋友”的鼓励下，她主动上前微笑交流，没想到对方早就认识她，两人很快聊了起来，Carly也终于明白，交朋友其实并不难。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Carly叹了口气，将一捧幸运饼干放进一个小托盘里，然后离开了厨房”可知，第一段可描写Carly给双胞胎同学送饼干的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘嘿！你是新来的女孩——Carly，对吧？’其中一个女孩大声说道”可知，第二段可描写对方早就认识Carly，两人很快聊了起来，Carly也终于明白，交朋友其实并不难。 2.续写线索：Carly送饼干——对方认出Carly——愉快交谈——交朋友——Carly感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类：①颤抖：shake/tremble ②跳动：beat/race ③看到：see/catch sight of 情绪类：①极好的：amazing/marvelous ②准备好：ready/prepared 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Her hands were slightly shaking as she walked toward the twins’ table, her heart beating fast.（运用了as引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] When she reached the table, she hesitated for a second, then forced a soft smile and placed the tray down.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。We need to re schedule the project meeting. The manager has a sudden business trip tomorrow. No problem. When would be convenient? How about this friday afternoon or next week? This friday works Better. I'll send a reminder to the team later. We need to. We schedule the project meeting. The manager has a sudden business trip tomorrow. No problem. When would be convenient? How about this friday afternoon or next week? This friday works Better. I'll send a reminder to the team later. Listen to the next question. Do you have any hobby to relax after work? I usually go hiking on . weekends. I love painting, mostly water colors. IT helps me calm down sometimes. I also join a book club that sounds great. I've always wanted to try painting, but never had the chance. Do you have any hobby to relax after work? I usually go hiking on . weekends. I love painting, mostly water colors. IT helps me calm down sometimes. I also join a book club that sounds great. I ve always wanted to try painting, but never had the chance. Listen to the next question. So what was your most unforgettable experience traveling in beijing? I said I was watching . a beijing Opera at the national grand theater. IT was really amazing. I was expecting. you'd say, IT was your time on the great wall or in the forbidden city. There were just too many people. So what was your most unforgettable experience traveling in beijing? I said I was watching . a beijing Opera at the national grand theater. IT was really amazing. I was expecting. you'd say, IT was here a time on the great wall or in the forbidden city. There were just too many people. Listen to the next question. Later moment, i've packed my passport, but I can't remember which bag IT is in finding . at the airport. Come on, the taxi is waiting. No hurry. The plane leaves in two hours. Anyway, i'm ready to go. Later moment, i've packed my passport, but I can't remember which bag IT is in finding . at the airport. Come on, the taxi is waiting. No hurry. The plane leaves in two hours. Anyway, i'm ready to go. Listen to the next question. Have you read jake's post on the website? Not yet. I haven't had the time to serve the internet yet. What was he on about? He congratulated ted you on your success. Have you read jacks post on the website? Not yet. I haven't had the time to serve the internet yet. What was he on about? He congratulated you on your success. Listen to the next question. Mister Frank wanted to schedule a meeting with you later this week. certainly. What is he doing on thursday afternoon? I'm afraid he's meeting with some customers out of town. How about thursday morning? Unfortunately, i'm seeing someone else on thursday morning. Is he doing anything on . friday morning? No, IT looks like he's free. then. great. Should I come by at nine? Well, he usually holds a staff meeting at nine. IT only lasted a half hour or so. How about ten? Yes, ten would be great. Okay, i'll schedule that. Mister Frank wanted to schedule a meeting with you later this week. Certainly, what is he doing on thursday afternoon? I'm afraid he's meeting with some customers out of town. How about thursday morning? Unfortunately, i'm seeing someone else on thursday morning. Is he doing anything on . friday morning? No, IT looks like he's free. Then great. Should I come by at nine? Well, he usually holds a staff meeting at nine. IT only lasts a half hour or so. How about ten? Yes, ten would be great. Okay, i'll schedule that. Listen to the next question. eric. You left the classroom before the belt this morning. Did anything urgent happen? No, I left after I finished the test. How come you finish the paper faster than the rest of us? I planned to to spend an equal amount of time on every section and gave an extra ten minutes for the writing part. However, the last question wasn't as difficult as I had expected, so I just spent less time on the paper. Well, you do have a talent for planning. I really admire you. Thank you for your compliment. I feel flattered. I just got lucky. Eric, you left the classroom before the belt this morning. Did anything urgent happen? No, I left after I finished the test. How come you finish the paper faster than the rest of us? I planned to spend an equal amount of time on every section and gave an extra ten minutes for the writing part. However, the last question wasn't as difficult as I had expected, so I just spent less time on the paper. Ww, you do have a talent for planning. I really admire you. Thank you for your compliment. I feel flattered. I just got lucky. Listen to the next question. Hello. hi David. This is Jessie. The office computers have got a virus. All the documents for the current project are lost. What's worse, all of our clients numbers are lost to our department manager is trying to collect any available information we are counting on you. I'm sorry to hear that, but this is not David speaking. Oh, sorry. Whose that did I die? All the wrong number. I'm neo. David s's father. Ah. excuse me, can I speak to David please? I'm afraid not. He's out for a workout. Did he say what time he'll be back? No, but on average, IT takes him about one hour. He went out at eight fifteen before breakfast. Now its eight forty five AM. I see. Could you please tell him to call me back as . soon as possible? Sure, Jessie. right? Yes, thank you very much. Hello. hi David. This is Jessie. The office computers have got a virus. All the documents for the current project are lost. What's worse, all of our clients numbers are lost to our department manager is trying to collect any available information we are counting on you. I'm sorry to hear that, but this is not David speaking. Oh, sorry. Whose that? Did I dial the wrong number? I'm neo David's father. Ah. excuse me. Can I speak to David please? I'm afraid not. He's out for a workout. Did he say what time he'll be back? No, but on average, IT takes him about one hour. He went out at eight fifteen before breakfast. Now its eight forty five AM. I see. Could you please tell him to call me back as soon . as possible? sure. Jessie e, right? yes. Thank you very much. Listen to the next question. Dave, what about going to my obey in thailand for a holiday this year? The magazine says it's a very famous speech in the country. I know that beach IT made headlines in nineteen ninety nine when some people arrived there. The film, the famous hollywood movie the beach. Since then, tourists have flooded in this speech with as many as four thousand visitors arriving on boats everyday. That's really hard to believe. Yes. sadly, tourism ruined the natural life there. That is why the thai government closed the beach to tourists for about four years. I didn't know IT was closed for about four years. So when did IT reopened? Reopened in january twenty twenty two. Now there's a limit of three hundred visitors per day. Well, I think it's a good decision. I agree. Scientists there believe that the beach is a natural resource they have to preserve. Actually, there are many other great beaches in thailand. We don't have to . visit that one. You're right, but I don't know any . other beaches. It's easy. Let's search for some information on websites and then make . a decision. Good idea, dave, what about going to my obey in thailand for a holiday this year? The magazine says it's a very famous speech in the country. I know that beach IT made headlines in nineteen ninety nine when some people arrived there. The film, the famous hollywood movie the beach. Since then, tourists have flooded in this speech with as many as four thousand visitors arriving on boats every day. That's really hard to believe. Yes. sadly, tourism ruined the natural life there. That is why the thai government closed the beach to tourists for about four years. I didn't know IT was closed for about four years. So when did IT reopened? Reopened in january twenty, twenty two. Now there's a limit of three hundred visitors per day. Well, I think it's a good decision. I agree. Scientists there believe that the beach is a natural resource they have to preserve. Actually, there are many other great beaches in thailand. We don't have to . visit that one. You're right, but I don't know any . other beaches. It's easy. Let's search for some information on websites and . then make . a decision. Good idea. Listen to the next question. Welcome to global sports report. Today, we highlight the london marathon, a world famous spring event known for its breath taking views that twenty six point two mile journey begins in the quiet Greenwich park, leading runners past iconic sites like the tower bridge in london. Ei before a grand finished in a buckingham palace. It's more than just a race. It's a massive charity drive. Many participants were creative of costumes to raise funds. For instance, David, a local doctor, completed the course dressed as a superhero. He wanted to give back to the children's hospital that successfully treated his daughter. The event also welcomes non professionals like nineteen year old Sarah. Despite her heavy college workload, SHE baLanced intense study sessions with six months of training alongside her friends, sir ran to support a mental health charity inspired by her brother's personal struggles with anxious. Ultimately, the marathon remains a powerful celebration of fitness, friendship and the city's incredible community spirit. Welcome to global sports report. Today we highlight the london marathon, a world famous spring event known for its breath taking views that twenty six point two mile journey begins in the quiet Greenwich park, leading runners past iconic sites like the tower bridge in london. Ee, before a grand finished near buckingham palace. It's more than just a race. It's a massive charity drive. Many participants were creative costumes to raise funds. For instance, David, a local doctor, completed the course dressed as a superhero. He wanted to give back to the children's hospital that successfully treated his daughter. The event also welcomes not professionals like nineteen year old Sarah. Despite her heavy college workload, SHE baLanced intense study sessions with six months of training alongside her friends, Sarah ran to support a mental health charity inspired by her brother's personal struggles with anxiety. Ultimately, the marathon remains a powerful celebration of fitness, friendship and the city's incredible community spirit. 听力部分到此结束。 湖北省武汉市2025-2026学年下学期高一年级英语 期末自编模拟卷（一） 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第I卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will the meeting be held? A. Tomorrow. B. This Friday. C. Next week. 2. What does the woman like doing? A. Hiking. B. Painting. C. Reading alone. 3. What impressed the man most in Beijing? A. Visiting the Great Wall. B. Enjoying a Beijing opera. C. Touring the Forbidden City. 4. Where is the woman’s passport? A. At the airport. B. In the taxi. C. In a bag. 5. What did Jack do? A. He read a post. B. He designed a website. C. He sent his congratulations to the man. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答6、7题。 6. Why can’t the woman meet Mr. Franks on Thursday morning? A. She will be out on business. B. She has an appointment. C. She will hold a meeting. 7. What will the man probably do next? A. Attend a meeting. B. Meet some customers. C. Tell Mr. Franks about the schedule. 【答案】6. B 7. C 听第7段录音，回答8、9题。 8. Why did Eric leave the classroom ahead of time this morning? A. He misread the time. B. He found the test quite easy. C. He missed the writing part. 9. What can we say about Eric? A. He’s modest. B. He’s proud. C. He’s selfless. 听第8段录音，回答10至12题。 10. What problem does Jessie have? A. She has a difficult client. B. She can’t get through to her manager. C. She is unable to find important data. 11. When will David probably come back home? A. At 8: 15 a.m. B. At 8: 45 a.m. C. At 9: 15 a.m. 12. What do we know about David and Jessie? A. They’re family. B. They’re colleagues. C. They’re neighbors. 听第9段录音，回答13至16题。 13. What made Maya Bay draw too many tourists since 1999? A. The convenient location. B. Its first opening to the public. C. A famous Hollywood movie. 14. Why did the government close Maya Bay for a time? A. To develop it. B. To protect the natural life. C. To do research. 15. How many tourists can visit Maya Bay per day now? A. 2,000. B. 300. C. 4,000. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Read some magazines. B. Surf the Internet. C. Book a holiday. 听下面一段独白，回答17至20题。 17. What does the route pass by? A. Iconic city landmarks. B. Private sports tracks. C. Quiet countryside parks. 18. Why did the runners join the London marathon? A. To gain public fame. B. To help personal causes. C. To run national charities. 19. What do we know about Sarah? A. She ran for her daughter. B. She is a professional. C. She is a busy student. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To give race advice. B. To highlight the event. C. To recruit more runners. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Whether you are writing a business email or a long research essay, the dictionary can be a powerful tool to assist you in becoming a better writer in English. You can use the main A-Z of the dictionary to help you: Choose your words carefully. Many words in English have similar or related meanings, but they are used in different contexts or situations. Look carefully at the example sentences provided in the entries for words you want to use. If you need academic vocabulary, look for the AW symbol. Combine words naturally and effectively. In English, certain pairs of words go together and sound natural to native speakers (for example, heavy rain) — and others do not (strong rain). Information on which words can be paired with one another can be found in the example sentences in the dictionary entries. Become more flexible. Rather than repeating the same word or phrase many times in your work, try to find other ways to express your ideas. Look for SYN symbol to find synonyms(同义词) and also study the synonym notes. Look for word families and try using words in the same family that are different parts of speech (e.g. different, adjective and differ, verb). Edit and check your work. You can use your dictionary to check any problem areas such as spelling, parts of speech, irregular forms, grammar, phrasal verbs, and prepositions. In the following sections you will find examples of essays and practical types of writing that you can use as models for your own work. You will also find advice on planning, organizing and writing each type of text. Contents The writing process            WT3            Reporting on data                 WT25 Answering the question         WT7            Writing a report                   WT28 Writing a comparison essay      WT10           Writing a review                  WT31 Writing an argumentative essay  WT13           Discussing pictures and cartoons     WT34 Oral presentations              WT20           Writing a formal letter             WT37 Writing a summary             WT23           Writing emails                   WT40 21. What can you do to reduce repetition in your writing? A. Correct potential problems in advance. B. Use synonyms or explore word families. C. Ensure accurate and natural word pairings. D. Analyze examples of word usage in context. 22. Which page should you refer to if you need to write an essay comparing two things? A. WT7. B. WT10. C. WT23. D. WT25. 23. Where is this text probably taken from ? A. A creative writing magazine. B. A scientific report. C. A dictionary’s writing guide. D. A promotion handbook. B Several years ago, I was addicted to personal bests (PBs). I treated every run as a never-ceasing battle against time with my GPS watch serving as my judge. Failure seemed certain unless I hit the target pace while success merely fueled the urge to map out how to go faster next time. It was two years before this means of running brought out multiple physical discomforts in me. Then a major injury — my broken ankle — sidelined me for three months, forcing me to switch to long, unhurried walks in the nearby park — no watch, no headphones and just the rhythm of my footsteps. It came as a revelation: I noticed the golden color of dusk filtering through oak leaves, the laughter of children echoing from the playground and the smell of freshly baked bread floating from a nearby bakery. When I returned to running, I resolved to abandon the addiction to PBs, opting for a pace gentle enough to allow off-key singing without breathing heavily. I joined a social running group, where we paused to pet dogs and share weekly stories. Then trail running, where roots and rocks demand full attention to footing rather than speed, became my new pursuit. Initially, it felt odd, like I was cheating, casting me into a mild state of disquiet with this unaccustomed pace. Soon, this shift brought clarity. One Saturday dawn, an aimless run led me to a reservoir. As I watched the sunlight sparkling on the water, I realized I hadn’t checked my electronic watch even once-no thoughts of pace or distance, just pure pleasure in running. That’s when it hit me: The essence of running doesn’t lie in pursuing data but in fully inhabiting the present, embracing surrounding delights and connecting with my body, nature and the world. That, indeed, is the greatest personal best of all. Now, I run to unwind after a long workday, to bond with friends and to witness sunrises. Occasionally I race at full speed, only when it feels fulfilling, not driven by a device and letting go of the need to prove myself. 24. What can we learn about the author in paragraph 1? A. He felt tired of daily training. B. He ran to compete with others. C. He used GPS to explore routes. D. He cared too much about his records. 25. What does the underlined word “revelation” in paragraph 2 probably refer to? A. A temporary relief. B. A deep regret. C. A refreshing realization. D. A painful recovery. 26. What is the author’s current attitude towards his GPS watch? A. Highly dependent. B. Less concerned. C. Strongly critical. D. Deeply confused. 27. What does the author’s experience convey? A. Physical injuries often lead to mental growth. B. Setting practical goals is essential for athletes. C. True pleasure in sports lies beyond tracking data. D. Social connection is the ultimate goal of running. C It’s a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It’s how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It’s multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words — a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. ” Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. . Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying “ironically” that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language’s efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 28. What does the complaint in Paragraph 1 mainly indicate? A. The inconsistence between words and meaning. B. The importance of remembering vital moments. C. The necessity of straightforward communication. D. The unavoidability of argument in a couple’s life. 29. What may make human language different from true codes? A. The context included in understanding meanings. B. The definitions made by words in communication. C. The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D. The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. 30. How does Mary’s statement “That was fun” illustrate about irony? A. It simplifies language to save time. B. It covers the true feelings of people. C. It needs wordy explanations to make sense. D. It uses fewer words for complex meanings. 31. What does the author suggest in communication? A. Focusing on the opposite. B. Taking language literally. C. Reading beyond the words. D. Avoiding using ironic tones. D Scientists have long explored to turn the mechanical energy of raindrops into electricity. However, traditional droplet (液滴) generators have problems like being heavy, expensive, and hard to make in large sizes. A team from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has created a new floating droplet electricity generator. It uses water in its structure, making it lighter, cheaper and more eco-friendly. Unlike most existing generators that use solid platforms and metal electrode (电极), the new device floats on water. Water here works both as a support and a conductive electrode. This special design cuts the device’s weight by about 80% and its cost by nearly half, while it still produces as much electricity as traditional systems. When a raindrop hits the floating layer of the generator, the water below takes in the impact and helps the drop spread out. At the same time, ions (离子) in the water carry electric charges. Together, these things let the generator make about 250 volts of electricity from one raindrop. The generator also has smart drainage holes. These holes use water’s surface tension to remove extra water without letting it flow back, so the generator works stably. It can also work well in different temperatures and salt levels, even in natural lake water. Its special structure makes it strong enough for bad environments. Another advantage of this new technology is its capacity for large-scale production. Researchers built a 0.3-square-meter model, which is much bigger than earlier ones. It can power 50 LEDs at the same time and charge small batteries in minutes. This means it could be used to power small electronic devices and sensors on lakes or near the sea, without taking up any land. Professor Wanlin Guo, who led the study, said this “nature-integrated” design is a big step for cheap and light hydropower systems. These systems can work with solar and wind power. Besides making electricity, the technology can also help monitor water environments, like powering sensors that check water quality. Of course, there are still challenges. For example, raindrops fall unevenly, and the generator’s long-term outdoor use needs more testing. But this floating generator is still an important progress for practical hydropower use. 32. What is the main advantage of the floating generator over traditional ones? A. It uses eco-friendly metal electrodes. B. It produces higher voltage per raindrop. C. It works efficiently in desert environments. D. It reduces weight and cost significantly. 33. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The materials used to make the new generator. B. The working environment of the new generator. C. The working principle and strengths of the new generator. D. The differences between the new generator and traditional ones. 34. The 0.3-square-meter model in Para 4 demonstrates ________. A. the generator’s powerful capacity B. the larger size of traditional versions C. the reliability of outdoor operations D. the ability to monitor the water quality 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the new generator? A. Doubtful about its practical value. B. Unconcerned about its technical details. C. Cautiously optimistic about its future use. D. Confident that it will replace other energy sources. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Beat the heat — How to stay cool when temperatures soar Maybe you’re one of those people who peel off a sweater when everyone else is complaining that it’s chilly. 36 The point is, there’s no single temperature that can be pinpointed (明确指出) as comfortable for everyone. “What temperature people start to become uncomfortable at is really individual and variable,” says S. Tony Wolf, PhD, assistant professor at the University of Georgia. 37 It also relies on things like humidity and air flow. Plus, combinations of factors unique to individuals — age, gender, body mass, medical conditions and medications — affect how we experience temperature. And fortunately, there are many things we can do to stay comfortable in spite of the heat. 38 “Sweating is how we regulate heat,” says Robert Kenefick, PhD, professor at the University of Massachusetts. “Drinking plain, cool water or fluids with electrolytes (like sports drinks) helps.” Choose clothing that’s right — light fabrics, light colors — and loose. Loose clothing allows for better airflow and helps keep you cool. 39 Keep windows covered with shades, blinds or curtains. Think of how a car with closed windows heats up when left sitting in sunlight — it’s called the greenhouse effect. The same thing can happen at home if uncovered windows trap sunlight and heat inside. Keep a spray bottle handy. Spraying yourself with cool or cold water and then sitting or standing near a fan can help your body evaporate (蒸发) sweat and dissipate (消散) heat through your skin. 40 “The more of your body surface areas that you cool, the better off you're going to be,” says Wolf. A. Drink plenty of water. B. If you are really hot, take a cold bath or shower. C. Use fans to keep the air constantly flowing indoors. D. Go out earlier in the day when it’s cooler or later at night. E. But workout clothing made from new fabrics is also a good choice. F. In fact, our perception of heat and cold doesn’t just depend on the temperature. G. Or maybe you’re the person who’s putting on a sweater when others say it’s too hot. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I still remember the day I bought my “nice” notebook. It was a leather-bound journal with cream-colored pages. I was sure it would make me the type of person who journals regularly, and who 41 beautiful thoughts. But it didn’t work. That gorgeous notebook sat 42 for months. When I finally opened it, I hesitated. The pages felt too delicate and too 43 to waste on my messy handwriting and ideas. So I 44 it. Instead, I grabbed an old, ugly composition notebook with a 45 cover and dog-eared corners. I started to 46 it with everything: morning pages, random thoughts and reminders. This is surprisingly 47 . I actually wrote. Every day. Without exception. The psychology is real. When we 48 something too much, we place limits around it, feeling it is “too good”. But the ugly notebook carries no such 49 . It has been used. It tells me, “This is a 50 for thinking and living, not a museum piece.” Here’s the thing: 51 notebooks are idea incubators (孵化器). With the pressure off, you experiment more. You try things that might 52 . And in that freedom, bad ideas I was 53 embarrassed about gradually evolved into work I’m proud of. And that’s where the real work of creation happens. The best notebook is never the most beautiful one. It’s the one you’ll actually 54 . Because the magic happens in the 55 , not in perfect pages. Your ugly notebook is waiting. 41. A. changes B. captures C. follows D. lacks 42. A. unfinished B. unclaimed C. undiscovered D. untouched 43. A. secret B. smart C. precious D. personal 44. A. closed B. decorated C. delivered D. fixed 45. A. torn B. hard C. hidden D. fancy 46. A. guard B. surround C. fill D. serve 47. A. annoying B. freeing C. demanding D. convincing 48. A. plan B. doubt C. control D. admire 49. A. luck B. warning C. promise D. pressure 50. A. tool B. test C. guide D. reason 51. A. incomplete B. impractical C. imperfect D. irregular 52. A. cheat B. fail C. hurt D. disappear 53. A. slightly B. initially C. hardly D. consequently 54. A. run into B. refer to C. look at D. reach for 55. A. preparing B. thinking C. writing D. reading 第II卷（非选择题部分） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has scaled up policy to protect and restore the environment around the Yangtze River, putting measures 56 place to treat industrial and agricultural pollutants and protect grasslands and wetlands. A policy document 57 (release) by 17 central government departments promises to prioritize effort and adopt a 58 (comprehension) way of conserving the Yangtze River Basin area. The policy document follows a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the government in 2020 in response to 59 (decline) biodiversity. Despite improvements to the Yangtze’s water quality, the rise of non-point source pollution 60 (emerge) as a major problem in recent years. The document stresses the need for a systemic approach, 61 will require the establishment of long-term mechanisms to prevent the return of polluted water bodies. The treatment of pollution is another priority, as the government looks to install tighter controls over pollutants discharged by chemical factories and promote 62 (high) efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 63 (restore) the diversity of aquatic (水生生物) life in the Yangtze, the document says that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make 64 action plan to save them and that more work 65 (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 假定你是李华。你校英文论坛上有一位同学发帖说：“Monthly exams cause too much stress and should be cancelled.”，该帖引发了大家的热议。请你回帖发表你的看法。内容包括： 1. 表明立场； 2. 给出理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Carly frowned as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days. “Moving here was a dumb idea,” Carly grumbled, mostly to herself. “What’s that?” Her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots and a wok. “Nothing.” Carly mumbled. The girl had been irritated about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints. The first few days at her new school hadn’t been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn’t know, and it seemed like the students hadn’t even noticed her. Carly sighed and got back to washing dishes. On the day of the grand opening, Carly’s parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Carly was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family. At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Carly’s age. As she filled their glasses, Carly realized the twins were in her class. Carly ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table. Carly’s mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher. “Honey, what are you doing back here? We need you out front with the customers.” “Mom, I don’t want to be out there. There are kids from school!” “So?” her mother asked, “That’s good! Go take them some fortune cookies and say hello!” She clicked her tongue disapprovingly at Carly and disappeared out of the kitchen. Carly frowned. She grabbed a handful of fortune cookies that they gave out after every meal, but first she tore open a wrapper and cracked a cookie open for herself. She popped a sweet, crunchy (酥脆的) piece in her mouth, and absently read the paper fortune it held. “Many friends are found with a single smile,” it read. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Carly sighed, put a handful of fortune cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. _____________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hey! You’ re the new girl — Carly, right?!” one of the girls exclaimed. ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $