专题01 一般将来时和一般过去时（期末复习讲义）七年级英语下学期新教材冀教版

专题01 一般将来时和一般过去时（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述将来动作/状态的核心形容词、副词（如 soon, later, in the future, shortly, coming 等）的辨析与语境用法。 2. 理解并熟练运用一般将来时的五大基础句型：肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、There be句型的将来变形。 3. 掌握一般将来时四种核心表达结构的基础用法： will/shall + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 be doing（现在进行时表将来） be to do / be about to do 表将来 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用四种将来时表达的细微差别，精准判断不同场景下的最优结构（will 临时决定 vs be going to 计划/迹象；be doing 既定安排 vs be about to 即刻发生）。 2. 在完形填空、书面写作中灵活运用一般将来时，结合时态呼应、语气强弱、语境感情色彩精准造句、选词填空。 3. 理清时间状语从句、条件状语从句中的“主将从现”特殊规则，规避时态混用易错点；区分一般将来时与将来进行时、将来完成时的边界差异。 考情规律 1. 词汇运用题型 • 侧重不同将来时结构在真实语境中的辨析与选择； • 高频考查将来时态和时间状语、固定动词搭配、情态语境的组合运用； • 常设置易混淆干扰项（will/be going to/be doing 混搭辨析）。 2. 句型转换与翻译题型 • 常涉及陈述句、否定句、疑问句之间的时态句型互换； • 中文句子英译、同义句改写（will 与 be going to 互换、从句时态转换）； • 固定考查“if/when 引导从句，主句将来、从句一般现在”的主将从现翻译考点。 3. 语法填空与完形填空 • 结合上下文时间线索、逻辑语气判断时态； • 侧重考查预判、计划、临时意愿等语义下的时态精准选择。 4. 书面表达 • 写作题（倡议书、未来规划、观点展望类作文）强制高频使用一般将来时，时态准确性、句式多样性是得分核心要点。 知识点1 什么是非谓语动词？ 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year …), this afternoon, evening …, soon, in the year 2010, in + 时间段等。 知识点2 两大结构 一般将来时主要有以下两种基本结构：1. will/shall + 动词原形2. be going to + 动词原形 结构 1：will + 动词原形 ：单纯将来、临时决定、客观将要发生 (1)肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他 He will come here at once．他马上来这儿。 (2) 否定句：主语+ will + not + 动词原形+其他 He will not(won’t)go to the party．他不去参加聚会。 (3)一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形+其他? Will he help you with your English? 他会帮助你学习英语吗? (4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句? —What will the students have for lunch today? 学生们今天午饭吃什么? —They will have bread．他们将吃面包。 结构 2：be going to + 动词原形 ：计划好的、打算好的、有迹象要发生 (1)肯定句：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 We are going to climb the hill this afternoon．我们打算今天下午去爬山。 (3) 否定句：主语+be + not + going to+动词原形+其他 He isn’t going to do morning exercises tomorrow．明天他不去做早操。 (3)一般疑问句：Be动词(Am，Is，Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Are you going to play computer games tomorrow afternoon?你打算明天下午玩电脑游戏吗? be going to与will 的区别： （1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。 He is going to write a letter tonight. 今晚他打算写一封信。 He will write a book one day. 有一天他会写一本书。 （2）be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 I think our team is going to win the game. 我认为我们队会赢得比赛。 He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就20岁了。 （3）be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思。 I’m going to spend my holiday in a village. 我打算在一个小村子里度假。 He will be here in half an hour. 他一小时后到达这里。 （4）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will。 We’ll have a picnic if my father is free. 如果我父亲有空，我们会去野餐。 （5）be going to 表示根据目前迹象推断将要发生的事情，而在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will和be going to”皆可。 Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。 My God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我们快撞车了。 知识点3 There be句型的将来时 （1）There be句型与含有will的一般将来时基本结构：There will be +名词+其他成分 There will be only one country in the future. 未来会只有一个国家。 （2）There be句型与含有be going to的一般将来时基本结构：There is / are going to be +名词+其他成分(注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。 There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 注意：无论后面加单数名词或名词的复数形式，be都必须用原形。 tomorrow /next/in + 时间段 → 将来时 计划好 → be going to；临时决定 → will there be 将来：there will be /there is going to be绝对不能写 there will have！ come/go/leave 可用进行时表将来 将来时后面永远跟动词原形 作文里表达计划，优先用 be going to，更地道 知识点4 中考高频考点 条件状语从句中的"主将从现" 在if、unless等引导的条件状语从句以及when、as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 【2024·绥化】He ____ much healthier if he ____ enough exercise in his free time. A. is; take B. will be; takes C. will be; take 【答案】B 【答案】主句用一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。主语he是第三人称单数，所以用takes。 一般将来时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be + 过去分词或be going to be + 过去分词。 【2022年冬季奥运会】The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ____ in China. I hope that I can go and watch the games. A. are held B. will hold C. will be held 【答案】C 【答案】根据句意，2022年冬奥会"将被举办"在中国，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 will与be going to的辨析 【2024·天津市】— Jane and I ____ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A. had B. have had C. were having D. are going to have 【答案】D 【答案】表示已经计划或打算好的事情，用be going to结构。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. I ______ help you with your homework tomorrow. A. am going to B. will C. am D. have 2. She ______ to visit her aunt next weekend. A. is going B. goes C. is going to D. will going 3. ______ they ______ dinner with us tonight? A. Are / going to have B. Do / have C. Will / having D. Will / have 4. He ______ come to the party. He's busy. A. won't B. doesn't C. isn't D. didn’t 5. We ______ the Great Wall next year. A. visited B. are going to visit C. visit D. will visiting 6. My sister ______ be 18 years old next month. A. is going to B. will C. is D. going to 7. It looks dark. It ______ rain soon. A. going B. will to C. is going to D. going to 8. I think they ______ win the game. A. will B. are going C. are D. going 9. What ______ you ______ tomorrow? A. do / do B. are / going C. will / do D. will / doing 10. She is going to ______ her homework after dinner. A. does B. did C. do D. doing 【答案】 1. B. will will 表示主观意愿。I will help you with your homework tomorrow.我明天会帮你做作业。 2. C. is going to “be going to” 表示已有计划。She is going to visit her aunt next weekend.她打算下周末去拜访她的阿姨。 3.A. Are / going to have be 动词 + going to + 动词原形构成将来时。Are they going to have dinner with us tonight?他们今晚会和我们一起吃晚饭吗？ 4. A. won’t “won’t” = will not，是否定形式。He won’t come to the party.他不会来参加聚会。 5. B. are going to visit 这里强调计划安排。We are going to visit the Great Wall next year.我们明年将参观长城。 6. B. will 年龄变化是自然发生的未来动作，用 will。My sister will be 18 years old next month.我妹妹下个月将满18岁。 7. C. is going to “It looks dark” 是迹象，常用 be going to。It is going to rain soon.天快要下雨了。 8. A. will 主观判断预测常用 will。I think they will win the game.我认为他们会赢。 9. C. will / do 将来疑问句结构：Will + 主语 + 动词原形。What will you do tomorrow?你明天要做什么？ 10. C. do going to 后接动词原形。She is going to do her homework after dinner.她晚饭后要做作业。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改为否定句） Nancy ________ going to go camping. 2. I’ll go and join them.（改为否定句） I ______ go _____ join them. 3. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改为一般疑问句） _______ ______ ______ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改为一般疑问句） ______ _______ meet at the bus stop at 10:30? 5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _______ ______ she _______ _______ _______ after school? 6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ ______ father and mother going to see a play? 7. We are going to play ping-pong on Saturday. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) — _______ _______ going to play ping-pong on Saturday? — _______, we _______. 8. He’s going to tell me all about it. (改为否定句) He _______ _______ going to tell me all about it. 9. She is going to work hard at English this term. (对划线部分提问) _______ she _______ this term? 10. They’re going to the Sun Island by bus. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______they _______ _______ the Sun Island? 11. The students of Class Three have a field trip on Sunday. (用next Sunday改写) The students of Class Three _______ _______ _______ _______ a field trip next Sunday. 12. Linda has lunch at school on Tuesday. (用next Tuesday改写) Linda _______ _______ _______ _______ lunch at school next Tuesday. 【答案】1. isn’t 2. won’t; or 3. Are you going 4. Will you 5. What is; going to do 6. When are your 7. Are you; No, aren’t 8. is not 9. What’s, going to do 10. How are, going to 11. are going to have 12. is going to have 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·江西·中考真题）—Lisa, your shoes are dirty. —Oh, just leave them there, Mum. I ______ them with my clothes. A．wash B．will wash C．washed D．have washed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Lisa，你的鞋子脏了。——哦，就把它们放那儿吧，妈妈。我把它们和衣服一起洗。考查动词时态。根据“Oh, just leave them there, Mum. I ...them with my clothes”可知，此处表示将来要做的动作，需用一般将来时（will do），故选 B。 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My mother with her students ________ to voluneer at the old people’s home next week. A．is going B．are going C．goes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈和她的学生下周要去养老院参加志愿者活动。考查时态和主谓一致。根据“next week”可知句子用一般将来时 be going to，with 连接的成分作主语时，遵循就远原则，根据“My mother”可知 be 动词用 is。故选 A。 3．（2025·云南·中考真题）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025. A．holds B．held C．is held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：第十二届世界运动会将于 2025 年在成都举办。考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子的主语是 The 12th World Games，运动会是被举办的，所以要用被动语态，其结构是“be+过去分词”。句中的时间是 2025 年八月，时态是一般将来时，will be held 是一般将来时的被动语态。故选 D。 4. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A. was B. has been C. are D. will be 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——哦，不！你哥哥把伞忘在家里了。今天下午会有大雨。——别担心，妈妈。我会拿给他的。考查动词时态。根据“this afternoon”可知是一般将来时，故选 D。 5. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A. order B. ordered C. was ordering D. will order 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。考查时态。根据“I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ... later.”可知，在等朋友，所以要晚点点餐，用一般将来时 will do，故选 D。 6. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A. was solved B. solves C. will be solved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这些年来，乐山的污染越来越少。——政府在这方面做了很大的努力。我相信这个问题未来总有一天会得到解决。考查动词时态。此处主语“this problem”与“解决”之间应是被动关系，且结合“in the future”可知是指未来，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，形式为 will be done。故选 C。 7. （2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A. had B. have had C. were having D. are going to have 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是 will do 或 be doing to do。故选 D。 8．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是 will do 或 be doing to do。故选 D。 9．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。考查时态。根据“I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ... later.”可知，在等朋友，所以要晚点点餐，用一般将来时 will do，故选 D。 10．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there. A．have B．had C．will have D．have had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你明天和我们一起去听音乐会，你会玩得很开心的。考查时态。if 引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，其结构为 will do。故选 C。 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述过去状态、过去动作的核心形容词、限定副词（如 ago、yesterday、just now、in+过去年份 等时间标志词）的辨析与精准用法。 2. 理解并熟练运用一般过去时的核心基础句型：肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句的标准句式结构。 3. 掌握规则动词与不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的变形规则与固定拼写；牢记高频不规则动词表。 复习难点： 1. 精准区分并正确使用一般过去时 vs 现在完成时、一般过去时 vs 过去进行时，辨析三种时态的时间边界与语境差异。 2. 在完形填空、书面写作、语法填空题型中，结合上下文时态呼应，灵活、得体地运用一般过去时表达语义。 3. 掌握特殊语境下的一般过去时用法：委婉语气、虚拟语气、历史事实客观陈述等特殊场景。 考情规律 1. 词汇运用/语法填空：侧重动词过去式在具体语境中的时态判断、拼写变形，以及一般过去时与时间状语、主谓一致的固定搭配考查。 2. 句型转换与句子翻译：常考查陈述句变否定、变疑问；同义句时态改写；中文过去场景句子英译，以及和其他时态之间的句型同义互换。 3. 完形&阅读理解：多在叙事类记叙文中设空，通过上下文时间线索判断时态；常作为故事背景、情节推进的基础时态进行隐性考查。 4. 书面表达：写人记事、事件经历类作文，强制要求全篇正确使用一般过去时铺陈故事，时态错误是作文扣分重灾区。 知识点1 什么是一般过去时？ 过去发生的动作、过去存在的状态、过去习惯性的事情，和现在没有任何关系。 1. 表示在过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00 yesterday morning.林涛昨天早上八点去上海了。 He was ill last night.昨晚他生病了。 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 Li Tao always went to school by bus last term.上学期李涛一直乘公共汽车上学。 3. 表示已故的人曾经做过的事情。 Lao She wrote many great works.老舍写过许多脍炙人口的作品。 4. 表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。 The old man came into the room, took off his clothes and went to bed.这位老人走进屋，脱下衣服，然后上床睡觉了。 Mr. Black got up at six o'clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work.布莱克先生今天早上六点起床、穿衣服、吃饭，然后去上班了。 通常来讲，一般过去时常见的标志词有： 1. yesterday, the day before yesterday 2. last week / year / month / term…(简称last系列) 3. two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago…(简称ago系列) 4. in / on + 过去的年/月/日，如 in 1999, in April, 2005 5. just now, once upon a time, one day… 知识点2 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他. I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语+ didn’t +动词原形+其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did +主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+ did. 否定回答：No,主语+ didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday?你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.是的，我去了。/不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天去看电影了。 ②be动词 肯定句：主语+ was/were +其他. I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。 否定句：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday.我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was +主语+其他? —Were you at home yesterday?你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.是的，我在家。/不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ were/was +主语+其他? —Where were you yesterday?你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。 知识点3 动词过去式的变化规则 (一)系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。 (二)实义动词(行为动词)的过去时分规则动词的过去时和不规则动词的过去时的两种。 规则动词的过去时变化规则 (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。 play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。 like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。 supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。 plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. ★重读闭音节三要素： (1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母(2)以一个辅音音素结尾;(3)元音字母发短元音。 ★长元音 ：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:] 短元音 ：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u] 规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆： 过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的)，只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母+y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. The children had a good time in the park. 否定句：_____________________________ 一般疑问句：__________________________ 对划线部分提问：______________________ 2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________ 3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句：____________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________ 对划线部分提问：_____________________ 4. Last week I read an English book. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 肯定/否定回答：_____________________ 对划线部分提问：___________________ 5. My brother was in the park just now. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________ 【答案】1. 否定句：The children didn’t have a good time in the park. 一般疑问句：Did the children have a good time in the park? 对划线部分提问：Where did the children have a good time? 2. 否定句：There weren’t about nine hundred people at the concert. 一般疑问句：Were there about nine hundred people at the concert? 对划线部分提问：How many people were there at the concert? 3. 否定句：Ann didn’t do her homework yesterday evening. 一般疑问句：Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening? 对划线部分提问：When did Ann do her homework? 4. 否定句：Last week I didn’t read an English book. 一般疑问句：Did you read an English book last week? 肯定回答：Yes, I did. 否定回答：No, I didn’t. 对划线部分提问：What did you do last week? 5. 否定句：My brother wasn’t in the park just now. 一般疑问句：Was your brother in the park just now? 对划线部分提问：Who was in the park just now? 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. He _______(work) in that bank four years ago. 2. She _______(learn) to swim last year. 3. I _______(see) him yesterday. 4. He _______(come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning. 5. The boy _______(have) a bad cold yesterday. 6. When _______ you _______(buy) that house? 7. He _______(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday. 8.______ you ______(try) to call me last night? 9. What _____you ______(buy) in the shop? I _____(buy) a coat just now. 10. The doctor __________(get) up late this morning. 11. She __________(paint) the wall last month. 12. My mother _______(be) a worker 20 years ago. 13. — _______(be) you here just now? — No, I ______(be not) here. 14. Why _______ your brother ______(cry) last night? 15. Yesterday _______(be) my mother’s birthday. 16. They _______ (be) on the farm a moment ago. 17. There_______ (be) a shop not long ago. 18. Jenny_______ (not go) to bed until 11:00 o’clock last night. 19. Danny _______ (read ) English five minutes ago. 20. I _______ (see) Li Lei _______ (go) out just now. 【答案】1. worked 2. learned 3. saw 4. came 5. had 6. did; buy 7. told 8. Did; try 9. did; buy; bought 10. got 11. painted 12. was 13. Were; wasn’t 14. did; cry 15. was 16. were 17. was 18. didn’t go 19. read 20. saw; go 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了。 考查动词的时态。根据“when I was making a cake with my mother”可知，此处强调正在做某事时突然发生另一件事，即我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了，此处主句动作“响”表示过去某一时刻发生的短暂动作，故应用一般过去时 rang。故选 A。 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：端午节，我妈妈做了美味的粽子，把它们摆放在盘子里。 考查动词辨析和时态。laid 摆放，lay 的过去式；lay 平躺，lie 的过去式/放置，动词原形；lain 躺下，lie 的过去分词。根据“them on the plate”可知是把粽子摆放在盘子里，根据“cooked”可知句子用一般过去时，故用lay 的过去式 laid。故选 A。 3．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国的北京图书馆在 2024 年荣获“年度公共图书馆”称号。考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“in 2024”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 B。 4. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：照片很漂亮。我想知道它们被带到哪里去了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 C。 5．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你上周六做了什么？——我去了养老院，在那里做志愿者。 考查动词的时态。根据“last Saturday”可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选 B。 6．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）The Shenzhou-15 astronauts ________ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023. A．return B．returned C．will return D．have returned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：神舟 15 号宇航员于 2023 年 6 月 4 日安全返回地球。考查时态。根据“on June 4, 2023”可知是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用过式 returned。故选 B。 7．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗？——确定。我们吃了粽子，看了赛龙舟。考查宾语从句。tell 后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除 CD；主现从不限，结合“We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.”可知，从句用一般过去时，排除 A。故选 B。 8．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— How did you get to school yesterday? — I ________ my bike to school. A．rode B．ride C．rides 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨天是怎么到学校的？——我骑自行车去学校。考查时态。根据“How did you...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选 A。 9．（2023·广西·统考中考真题）Yesterday I ________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time. A．will play B．play C．played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我和我的同学打篮球。我们玩得很开心。考查时态。根据“Yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选 C。 10．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Jessica ________ every night before her Chinese test and got good results. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．will study 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰西卡在语文考试前每天晚上都学习，并取得了好成绩。考查动词时态。根据 and 以及 got可知，空处与 got 是并列关系，所以空处填动词过去式，故选 B。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 一般将来时和一般过去时（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述将来动作/状态的核心形容词、副词（如 soon, later, in the future, shortly, coming 等）的辨析与语境用法。 2. 理解并熟练运用一般将来时的五大基础句型：肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、There be句型的将来变形。 3. 掌握一般将来时四种核心表达结构的基础用法： will/shall + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 be doing（现在进行时表将来） be to do / be about to do 表将来 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用四种将来时表达的细微差别，精准判断不同场景下的最优结构（will 临时决定 vs be going to 计划/迹象；be doing 既定安排 vs be about to 即刻发生）。 2. 在完形填空、书面写作中灵活运用一般将来时，结合时态呼应、语气强弱、语境感情色彩精准造句、选词填空。 3. 理清时间状语从句、条件状语从句中的“主将从现”特殊规则，规避时态混用易错点；区分一般将来时与将来进行时、将来完成时的边界差异。 考情规律 1. 词汇运用题型 • 侧重不同将来时结构在真实语境中的辨析与选择； • 高频考查将来时态和时间状语、固定动词搭配、情态语境的组合运用； • 常设置易混淆干扰项（will/be going to/be doing 混搭辨析）。 2. 句型转换与翻译题型 • 常涉及陈述句、否定句、疑问句之间的时态句型互换； • 中文句子英译、同义句改写（will 与 be going to 互换、从句时态转换）； • 固定考查“if/when 引导从句，主句将来、从句一般现在”的主将从现翻译考点。 3. 语法填空与完形填空 • 结合上下文时间线索、逻辑语气判断时态； • 侧重考查预判、计划、临时意愿等语义下的时态精准选择。 4. 书面表达 • 写作题（倡议书、未来规划、观点展望类作文）强制高频使用一般将来时，时态准确性、句式多样性是得分核心要点。 知识点1 什么是非谓语动词？ 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year …), this afternoon, evening …, soon, in the year 2010, in + 时间段等。 知识点2 两大结构 一般将来时主要有以下两种基本结构：1. will/shall + 动词原形2. be going to + 动词原形 结构 1：will + 动词原形 ：单纯将来、临时决定、客观将要发生 (1)肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他 He will come here at once．他马上来这儿。 (2) 否定句：主语+ will + not + 动词原形+其他 He will not(won’t)go to the party．他不去参加聚会。 (3)一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形+其他? Will he help you with your English? 他会帮助你学习英语吗? (4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句? —What will the students have for lunch today? 学生们今天午饭吃什么? —They will have bread．他们将吃面包。 结构 2：be going to + 动词原形 ：计划好的、打算好的、有迹象要发生 (1)肯定句：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 We are going to climb the hill this afternoon．我们打算今天下午去爬山。 (3) 否定句：主语+be + not + going to+动词原形+其他 He isn’t going to do morning exercises tomorrow．明天他不去做早操。 (3)一般疑问句：Be动词(Am，Is，Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Are you going to play computer games tomorrow afternoon?你打算明天下午玩电脑游戏吗? be going to与will 的区别： （1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。 He is going to write a letter tonight. 今晚他打算写一封信。 He will write a book one day. 有一天他会写一本书。 （2）be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 I think our team is going to win the game. 我认为我们队会赢得比赛。 He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就20岁了。 （3）be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思。 I’m going to spend my holiday in a village. 我打算在一个小村子里度假。 He will be here in half an hour. 他一小时后到达这里。 （4）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will。 We’ll have a picnic if my father is free. 如果我父亲有空，我们会去野餐。 （5）be going to 表示根据目前迹象推断将要发生的事情，而在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will和be going to”皆可。 Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。 My God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我们快撞车了。 知识点3 There be句型的将来时 （1）There be句型与含有will的一般将来时基本结构：There will be +名词+其他成分 There will be only one country in the future. 未来会只有一个国家。 （2）There be句型与含有be going to的一般将来时基本结构：There is / are going to be +名词+其他成分(注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。 There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 注意：无论后面加单数名词或名词的复数形式，be都必须用原形。 tomorrow /next/in + 时间段 → 将来时 计划好 → be going to；临时决定 → will there be 将来：there will be /there is going to be绝对不能写 there will have！ come/go/leave 可用进行时表将来 将来时后面永远跟动词原形 作文里表达计划，优先用 be going to，更地道 知识点4 中考高频考点 条件状语从句中的"主将从现" 在if、unless等引导的条件状语从句以及when、as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 【2024·绥化】He ____ much healthier if he ____ enough exercise in his free time. A. is; take B. will be; takes C. will be; take 一般将来时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be + 过去分词或be going to be + 过去分词。 【2022年冬季奥运会】The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ____ in China. I hope that I can go and watch the games. A. are held B. will hold C. will be held will与be going to的辨析 【2024·天津市】— Jane and I ____ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A. had B. have had C. were having D. are going to have 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. I ______ help you with your homework tomorrow. A. am going to B. will C. am D. have 2. She ______ to visit her aunt next weekend. A. is going B. goes C. is going to D. will going 3. ______ they ______ dinner with us tonight? A. Are / going to have B. Do / have C. Will / having D. Will / have 4. He ______ come to the party. He's busy. A. won't B. doesn't C. isn't D. didn’t 5. We ______ the Great Wall next year. A. visited B. are going to visit C. visit D. will visiting 6. My sister ______ be 18 years old next month. A. is going to B. will C. is D. going to 7. It looks dark. It ______ rain soon. A. going B. will to C. is going to D. going to 8. I think they ______ win the game. A. will B. are going C. are D. going 9. What ______ you ______ tomorrow? A. do / do B. are / going C. will / do D. will / doing 10. She is going to ______ her homework after dinner. A. does B. did C. do D. doing 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改为否定句） Nancy ________ going to go camping. 2. I’ll go and join them.（改为否定句） I ______ go _____ join them. 3. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改为一般疑问句） _______ ______ ______ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改为一般疑问句） ______ _______ meet at the bus stop at 10:30? 5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _______ ______ she _______ _______ _______ after school? 6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ ______ father and mother going to see a play? 7. We are going to play ping-pong on Saturday. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) — _______ _______ going to play ping-pong on Saturday? — _______, we _______. 8. He’s going to tell me all about it. (改为否定句) He _______ _______ going to tell me all about it. 9. She is going to work hard at English this term. (对划线部分提问) _______ she _______ this term? 10. They’re going to the Sun Island by bus. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______they _______ _______ the Sun Island? 11. The students of Class Three have a field trip on Sunday. (用next Sunday改写) The students of Class Three _______ _______ _______ _______ a field trip next Sunday. 12. Linda has lunch at school on Tuesday. (用next Tuesday改写) Linda _______ _______ _______ _______ lunch at school next Tuesday. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·江西·中考真题）—Lisa, your shoes are dirty. —Oh, just leave them there, Mum. I ______ them with my clothes. A．wash B．will wash C．washed D．have washed 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My mother with her students ________ to voluneer at the old people’s home next week. A．is going B．are going C．goes 3．（2025·云南·中考真题）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025. A．holds B．held C．is held D．will be held 4. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A. was B. has been C. are D. will be 5. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A. order B. ordered C. was ordering D. will order 6. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A. was solved B. solves C. will be solved 7. （2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A. had B. have had C. were having D. are going to have 8．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 9．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 10．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there. A．have B．had C．will have D．have had 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述过去状态、过去动作的核心形容词、限定副词（如 ago、yesterday、just now、in+过去年份 等时间标志词）的辨析与精准用法。 2. 理解并熟练运用一般过去时的核心基础句型：肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句的标准句式结构。 3. 掌握规则动词与不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的变形规则与固定拼写；牢记高频不规则动词表。 复习难点： 1. 精准区分并正确使用一般过去时 vs 现在完成时、一般过去时 vs 过去进行时，辨析三种时态的时间边界与语境差异。 2. 在完形填空、书面写作、语法填空题型中，结合上下文时态呼应，灵活、得体地运用一般过去时表达语义。 3. 掌握特殊语境下的一般过去时用法：委婉语气、虚拟语气、历史事实客观陈述等特殊场景。 考情规律 1. 词汇运用/语法填空：侧重动词过去式在具体语境中的时态判断、拼写变形，以及一般过去时与时间状语、主谓一致的固定搭配考查。 2. 句型转换与句子翻译：常考查陈述句变否定、变疑问；同义句时态改写；中文过去场景句子英译，以及和其他时态之间的句型同义互换。 3. 完形&阅读理解：多在叙事类记叙文中设空，通过上下文时间线索判断时态；常作为故事背景、情节推进的基础时态进行隐性考查。 4. 书面表达：写人记事、事件经历类作文，强制要求全篇正确使用一般过去时铺陈故事，时态错误是作文扣分重灾区。 知识点1 什么是一般过去时？ 过去发生的动作、过去存在的状态、过去习惯性的事情，和现在没有任何关系。 1. 表示在过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00 yesterday morning.林涛昨天早上八点去上海了。 He was ill last night.昨晚他生病了。 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 Li Tao always went to school by bus last term.上学期李涛一直乘公共汽车上学。 3. 表示已故的人曾经做过的事情。 Lao She wrote many great works.老舍写过许多脍炙人口的作品。 4. 表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。 The old man came into the room, took off his clothes and went to bed.这位老人走进屋，脱下衣服，然后上床睡觉了。 Mr. Black got up at six o'clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work.布莱克先生今天早上六点起床、穿衣服、吃饭，然后去上班了。 通常来讲，一般过去时常见的标志词有： 1. yesterday, the day before yesterday 2. last week / year / month / term…(简称last系列) 3. two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago…(简称ago系列) 4. in / on + 过去的年/月/日，如 in 1999, in April, 2005 5. just now, once upon a time, one day… 知识点2 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天看了电影。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.我昨天没看电影。 肯定回答：Yes,主语+ did. 否定回答：No,主语+ didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday?你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.是的，我去了。/不，我没去。 —Where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天去看电影了。 ②be动词 I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。 I wasn’t at home yesterday.我昨天没在家。 —Were you at home yesterday?你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.是的，我在家。/不，我不在家。 —Where were you yesterday?你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。 知识点3 动词过去式的变化规则 (一)系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。 (二)实义动词(行为动词)的过去时分规则动词的过去时和不规则动词的过去时的两种。 规则动词的过去时变化规则 (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。 play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。 like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。 supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。 plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. ★重读闭音节三要素： ★长元音 ：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:] 短元音 ：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u] 规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆： 过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的)，只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母+y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. The children had a good time in the park. 否定句：_____________________________ 一般疑问句：__________________________ 对划线部分提问：______________________ 2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________ 3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句：____________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________ 对划线部分提问：_____________________ 4. Last week I read an English book. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 肯定/否定回答：_____________________ 对划线部分提问：___________________ 5. My brother was in the park just now. 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________ 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. He _______(work) in that bank four years ago. 2. She _______(learn) to swim last year. 3. I _______(see) him yesterday. 4. He _______(come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning. 5. The boy _______(have) a bad cold yesterday. 6. When _______ you _______(buy) that house? 7. He _______(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday. 8.______ you ______(try) to call me last night? 9. What _____you ______(buy) in the shop? I _____(buy) a coat just now. 10. The doctor __________(get) up late this morning. 11. She __________(paint) the wall last month. 12. My mother _______(be) a worker 20 years ago. 13. — _______(be) you here just now? — No, I ______(be not) here. 14. Why _______ your brother ______(cry) last night? 15. Yesterday _______(be) my mother’s birthday. 16. They _______ (be) on the farm a moment ago. 17. There_______ (be) a shop not long ago. 18. Jenny_______ (not go) to bed until 11:00 o’clock last night. 19. Danny _______ (read ) English five minutes ago. 20. I _______ (see) Li Lei _______ (go) out just now. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 3．（2025·福建·中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ “Public Library of the Year” in 2024. A．named B．was named C．will be named 4. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken 5．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 考查动词的时态。根据“last Saturday”可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选 B。 6．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）The Shenzhou-15 astronauts ________ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023. A．return B．returned C．will return D．have returned 7．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 8．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— How did you get to school yesterday? — I ________ my bike to school. A．rode B．ride C．rides 9．（2023·广西·统考中考真题）Yesterday I ________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time. A．will play B．play C．played 10．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Jessica ________ every night before her Chinese test and got good results. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．will study 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $