上海市2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语模拟卷

**基本信息** 以上海八年级期末英语模拟卷为载体，以科技发明（微波炉、全息图）、社会热点（TikTok艺术学习）和生活技能（理财）为情境，综合考查语法、阅读与写作能力，注重语言运用与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10分|介词、情态动词、被动语态等|以微波炉发明史为情境，融合语法点与科技文化| |阅读理解|40分|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测|含全息图、机器人等科技素材，TikTok艺术学习等社会热点，培养信息获取与跨文化意识| |写作|10分|话题写作（友谊等）|提供多主题选择，考查语言组织与表达能力，贴近学生生活|

上海市2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语模拟卷 （沪教版五四学制2024版上海专用） （满分：100分，考试时间：90分钟） Part 2 Grammar and vocabulary (第二部分 语法与词汇) II. Grammar填空 (10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever wondered how great inventions come into being? Sometimes, they appear ___1___ accident. One day in 1945, Percy Spencer, an American engineer, was working on radar equipment. He noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted. This made him think about microwaves. He believed they could be used for cooking. He ___2___ invented the microwave oven. Later, other scientists built ___3___ his idea. However, the first microwave ovens were huge and expensive. They ___4___ only by restaurants. Over time, engineers made them smaller and cheaper. Today, many families have one. ___5___ you have a microwave, you can heat food in seconds. This invention has truly changed ___6___ we prepare meals. Before the microwave, people ___7___ leftovers on the stove. That took much longer. The microwave makes life more convenient. It is one of the ___8___ useful inventions of the 20th century. To use a microwave safely, you need ___9___ the instructions. Never put metal inside it. Also, be careful when heating liquids. They can become superheated and suddenly boil over. Finally, always use microwave-safe containers. By following these rules, you can enjoy the benefits of this amazing machine. It's a perfect example of how a small observation led to a world-changing ___10___. 1. A. in B. on C. by 2. A. might B. must C. could 3. A. on B. with C. for 4. A. used B. were used C. have used 5. A. If B. Unless C. Although 6. A. how B. what C. which 7. A. have heated B. had heated C. will heat 8. A. most B. more C. much 9. A. read B. reading C. to read 10. A. discover B. discovery C. discoverer III. 五选四 (8分) (A) simply as effects celebrate similar 阅读下面短文，从方框内选出可以填入空白处的选项，使文章完整通顺。方框中有两个多余选项。 Many people think that making art is only for those with natural talent. However, this is not true. Creativity can be developed ___1___ a skill. Anyone can learn to draw or paint with practice. The benefits of creating art go beyond the final product. The process itself has positive ___2___ on your mood. It can reduce stress and help you relax. You don’t need to create a masterpiece to enjoy these benefits. Sometimes, drawing a ___3___ shape or doodling for a few minutes can make you feel happier. So, why not pick up a pencil and ___4___ start? You might be surprised by what you can create. (B) responsibility independent value mess budget Learning how to manage money is an important life skill. A good first step is to create a simple ___1___. This helps you see how much money you have and where it goes. Being financially ___2___ means you can make your own spending decisions. However, this freedom comes with a big ___3___. You need to think carefully about the ___4___ of each purchase. Avoiding unnecessary spending will help you reach your savings goals. It’s okay to make mistakes, but always try to learn from them. IV. 词性转换 (8分) 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. The artist uses colors very ______ to create a feeling of peace. (vivid) 2. Tu Youyou’s great ______ has saved millions of lives. (discover) 3. We should learn to be ______ and manage our own money. (dependence) 4. She bought a ______ dress for the party last night. (fashion) 5. The flood caused terrible ______ to the village. (destroy) 6. Real friends are always ______ and honest with each other. (care) 7. Thomas Edison made many important ______ during his life. (invent) 8. The earthquake happened so ______ that no one had time to escape. (rapid) V. 句型转换 (14分) 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. The microwave oven has changed the way we cook. (改为一般疑问句) ______ the microwave oven ______ the way we cook? 2. The first microwave ovens were huge and expensive. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the first microwave ovens like? 3. The microwave oven is a very useful invention, ______ ______? (改为反意疑问句) 4. People had to heat leftovers on the stove before the microwave was invented. (改为同义句) People had to heat leftovers on the stove ______ the ______ of the microwave. 5. The scientist asked, “Can this medicine treat the serious illness?” (改为宾语从句) The scientist asked ______ this medicine ______ treat the serious illness. 6. Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven by accident. (改为被动语态) The microwave oven ______ ______ by Percy Spencer by accident. 7. example of/ led to/ a world-changing/ how a small/ observation/this is/ a perfect/ discovery/. (连词成句) ___________________________________________________________________________. 第三部分 阅读 (共40分) VI. 阅读理解 A篇 (12分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Have you ever seen a piece of art that seems to change before your eyes? This is the magic of holograms. Unlike a normal painting, which is flat, a hologram is a three-dimensional (3D) image. It appears to have depth and can be viewed from different angles, much like a real object. The word "hologram" comes from the Greek words "holos" (whole) and "gram" (message). The technology was invented in 1947 by a Hungarian scientist named Dennis Gabor. He was trying to improve the quality of electron microscopes. For his discovery, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1971. So, how is a hologram made? It starts with a laser beam. The laser light is split into two beams: the object beam and the reference beam. The object beam is shone onto the object and then reflects onto a special piece of film. The reference beam is shone directly onto the same film. Where the two beams meet, they create an interference pattern (干涉图样). This pattern is extremely detailed and stores the information of the light waves. When you shine another laser light onto this film, it recreates the original light waves, and you see the 3D image. Today, holograms are used for more than just art. You can find them on credit cards to prevent copying. They are also used in medical imaging and for storing large amounts of data. In the future, we might even have holographic television, where our favorite shows appear in 3D right in our living rooms. 1. What is the main difference between a hologram and a normal painting? A. A hologram is more colorful. B. A normal painting is more expensive. C. A hologram has a three-dimensional image. D. A normal painting was invented earlier. 2. Who is credited with inventing the hologram? A. A Hungarian physicist. B. A Greek artist. C. An American engineer. D. A British doctor. 3. What did Dennis Gabor win for his discovery? A. A large sum of money. B. The Nobel Prize in Physics. C. An award for his painting. D. A job at a university. 4. What is needed to create an interference pattern on the film? A. One laser beam. B. Two laser beams. C. Three special cameras. D. A computer and a printer. 5. The underlined word “recreates” in paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. breaks down B. writes about C. produces again D. draws a picture of 6. According to the last paragraph, holograms are used for all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. preventing credit card fraud B. storing large amounts of data C. helping doctors see inside the body D. creating special effects in cartoons B篇 (14分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For centuries, the idea of a robot was just a story. Today, they are a big part of our ___1___. From building cars to exploring other planets, robots are doing jobs that are too dangerous, boring, or difficult for people. But what exactly is a robot? A robot is a machine that can be ___2___ to carry out a series of actions by a computer. The word “robot” first appeared in a 1920s play. However, the ___3___ of robots goes back much further. Ancient Greek engineers built the first self-moving machines. In the 9th century, three ___4___ created programmable music robots. These were early steps. A major breakthrough came in 1954. George Devol invented the first digitally operated robot, which he called “Unimate”. In 1961, this robot started working at a car factory. It ___5___ heavy, hot metal parts and welded (焊接) them onto cars. This job was very ___6___ for humans, but Unimate did it perfectly every time. Today, robots are much smarter. They have sensors (传感器) that work like eyes and ears. This allows them to “see” and “hear” their ___7___. They can even learn from their mistakes using Artificial Intelligence (AI). In the future, we will likely see more robots in our daily lives, helping with housework, teaching, and even providing companionship. 1. A. world B. family C. school D. dream 2. A. cleaned B. programmed C. drawn D. touched 3. A. story B. problem C. history D. question 4. A. brothers B. sisters C. cousins D. friends 5. A. looked for B. heard of C. picked up D. turned on 6. A. easy B. interesting C. exciting D. dangerous 7. A. work B. surroundings C. machines D. partners C篇 (10分) 阅读下面的对话，从所给的A-G七个句子中选出五个合适的句子填入空白处，使对话完整、通顺。有两个多余选项。 A. That sounds like a great idea. B. But isn't AI just about robots and sci-fi movies? C. So it's like a brain that can learn and improve? D. I'm not sure I fully understand what AI is. E. However, it also brings some concerns about jobs. F. Can you give me a specific example of AI in daily life? G. Actually, AI can be very creative, like composing music or writing poems. Tom: Hey, Lily. Have you seen the news about the new AI that can create amazing paintings? Lily: Yes, I did! It's pretty cool, but also a bit strange. (1) ______ Tom: Well, think of it as a computer program that can do tasks that usually require human intelligence. Lily: (2) ______ Tom: Exactly! It learns from data and gets better over time. It's not just following fixed rules. Lily: (3) ______ Tom: Sure! When you use a map app on your phone, AI helps find the fastest route. Or when you get a movie suggestion on a streaming site, that’s AI too. Lily: Oh, I see. (4) ______ Tom: (5) ______ It's a powerful tool that can help us solve big problems. But we also need to be careful about how we use it. D篇 (4分) 回答问题。阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 A recent study has found something surprising about the popular short video app, TikTok. Researchers discovered that the app is now being used as a tool for learning about art. Young people are using the platform to watch and share short videos about famous paintings, sculptures, and art history. The study surveyed 2,000 teenagers and young adults. It found that over 60% of them have watched an art-related video on TikTok. Many said these videos made them more interested in visiting museums. Some even said they started creating their own art after watching the videos. The short, engaging format (形式) seems to work well. A complex topic like the Renaissance (文艺复兴) can be explained in 60 seconds with fun music and visuals. This is a big change from the past. Traditionally, learning about art happened in quiet classrooms or formal museum tours. Now, it is happening in a lively, social media environment. Art institutions are taking notice. The Louvre Museum in Paris has its own TikTok account, offering quick, fun tours of its most famous pieces. This trend is helping to make art more accessible and less intimidating (令人生畏的) for a new generation. 1. What surprising discovery did the recent study make about TikTok? ________________________________________________________________ 2. How many people in the survey have watched art-related videos on TikTok? ________________________________________________________________ 3. According to the passage, where did traditional art learning take place? ________________________________________________________________ 4. Why is the Louvre Museum on TikTok? _________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 写作 (共20分) VII. 中译英 (10分) 根据所给中文，将下列句子翻译成完整的英语句子。 1. 学生们正在实验室里做有关电的实验。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们没有预算去看时装秀了。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 那位大师劝告我们不要在暴风雨期间外出。 _________________________________________________________________ 4. 在博物馆里，他偶然发现了一幅唐代的风景画。 _________________________________________________________________ 5. 对某人刻薄并且盯着他看是不对的。 _________________________________________________________________ VIII. 写作 (10分) 从下面的话题中任选一个，写一篇不少于80词的短文。体裁可以是信件、邮件或短文。 话题： - Friendship - Natural disasters - Art and artists - Money _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ 参考答案 III. 五选四 (A) 1. as 2. effects 3. similar 4. simply (B) 1. budget 2. independent 3. responsibility 4. value IV. 词性转换 1. vividly 2. discovery 3. independent 4. fashionable 5. destruction 6. caring 7. inventions 8. rapidly V. 句型转换 1. Has, changed 2. What, were 3. isn't, it 4. before, invention 5. whether/if, could 6. was invented 7. This is a perfect example of how a small observation led to a world-changing discovery. VI. 阅读理解 A篇: 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D B篇: 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B C篇: 1. D 2. C 3. F 4. A 5. E D篇: 1. The app (TikTok) is being used as a tool for learning about art. 2. Over 60% of them (or more than 1,200 people). 3. In quiet classrooms or formal museum tours. 4. To offer quick, fun tours of its most famous pieces and make art more accessible. VII. 中译英 (10分) 根据所给中文，将下列句子翻译成完整的英语句子。 1. 学生们正在实验室里做有关电的实验。 The students are doing experiments on electricity in the lab. 2. 我们没有预算去看时装秀了。 We have no budget to go to the fashion show. 3. 那位大师劝告我们不要在暴风雨期间外出。 The master warned us not to go out during the typhoon. 4. 在博物馆里，他偶然发现了一幅唐代的风景画。 In the museum, he came across a landscape painting from the Tang Dynasty. 5. 对某人刻薄并且盯着他看是不对的。 It is not right to be mean to someone and stare at him. VIII. 写作 (10分) Friendship (友谊) 题目示例： Write an email to your friend about why he/she is important to you. Dear Lisa, I’m writing to tell you how important your friendship is to me. Whenever I feel sad or confused, you are always there to listen and cheer me up. You never laugh at my mistakes but help me learn from them. I still remember the day I failed my math exam. You stayed with me for hours and explained the problems patiently. That meant a lot to me. A true friend is someone who cares, shares, and never gives up on you. Thank you for being that person in my life. Yours sincerely, Tom 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $