Unit 7 Charities 单元语法（一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元练习（译林版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦初中英语Unit 7“Charities”主题，围绕一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态，通过真实情境（如共享单车、大运河博物馆、惠山泥人）设计试题，全面覆盖语法结构与应用，适配单元复习巩固需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|20题/40分|一般现在时被动（如第1题“共享单车被扔”）、一般过去时被动（如第12题“古城墙被修复”）|结合社会热点（共享经济）与文化传承（古建筑保护），考查语态辨析| |单词拼写|10题/20分|被动语态动词变形（如21题“被覆盖”covered、26题“被加入”were added）|嵌入自然现象（哈尔滨积雪）与文化遗产（莫高窟）情境，强化语法应用| |完成句子|10题/40分|被动语态结构（如31题“被制成”are made from、33题“被改善”are improved）|融合慈善主题（帮助他人）与文化符号（黄河、长城），提升语言表达与文化意识|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 7 Charities 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 基本结构 be+Vpp 主被动转换 They clean the classroom. The classroom is cleaned （by them）. 被动语态的使用 ①不知道动作的执行者。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。 ③强调动作的承受着。 ④句子主语是动作的承受者（往往是物，但也可能是人） 具体构成 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 clean/cleans is/am/are+cleaned 一般过去时 cleaned was/were cleaned 注意事项 1.带双宾的谓语动词 有两种变换形式 She gave me a toy. I was given a toy. / A toy was given to me. 2.动词短语不可分割 We should take care of old people. Old people should be taken care of . 3.省 to 的不定式 see/hear/watch/feel/notice/let/make/have 变被动时，应加上 to My mother makes me stay at home. I am made to stay at home by my mother. 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．— What a mess! The shared bikes ________ everywhere. — Let’s collect and put them in the right place. A．throw B．threw C．are thrown D．have thrown 2．It will be a great honor if I ________ to the charity evening party next Monday. A．invite B．will invite C．was invited D．am invited 3．—How are traditional stories kept alive here? —Old stories ________ again and again,  and now they are also recorded for the future. A．tell B．are told C．will tell D．will be told 4．—If you ________ a chance to visit Yangzhou during the autumn holiday, which place will be your first choice? —The China Grand Canal Museum. With many art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit. A．are offered B．offer C．will offer D．will be offered 5．—Can you tell me where cotton ________ in China? —Well, people in the north of China ________ much cotton. A．grow; grow B．grow; are grown C．is grown; grow D．is grown; is grown 6．The new plan ________ by most people in the company now. A．supports B．is supported C．supported D．was supported 7．This old building ________ to be a symbol of history and visitors from all over the world visit it every year. A．is considered B．considers C．considered D．is considering 8．—Mum, when shall we go to watch the cherry blossoms in Zizai Park? —________ your homework ________ tomorrow. A．Until; will be finished B．Until; has finished C．Not until; will finish D．Not until; is finished 9．—Have you finished your report on green life? —Not yet. I’ll make it if I ________three more days. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 10．To stop food from going bad, the fresh fish ________ immediately after we catch it. A．froze B．was frozen C．freezes D．is frozen 11．It is ________ that computers were invented in America. A．believe B．to believe C．believing D．believed 12．—Look! The old city wall ________ last year. It looks as good as new. —Yes. The government did a great job in protecting our cultural heritage. A．repaired B．is repaired C．was repaired D．will be repaired 13．Printing ________ first ________ many centuries ago in ancient China. A．is; created B．has; created C．was; created D．is; creating 14．Our school basketball team lost yesterday, and we ________ by the other team. A．are beaten B．were beaten C．beat D．were beating 15．—The woman played an important role in medicine and ________ for it. —We should follow her example and make our own efforts to bring a better society. A．honored B．has honored C．was honored D．will be honored 16．A number of ancient buildings in Shangrao ________ by the government in 2025. A．protect B．protected C．is protected D．were protected 17．—Did the doctors save the boy? —Yes. He ________ on the morning of May 10th. And now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．operated C．operated on D．was operated on 18．—What did you do yesterday? —I ________ to a birthday party and had a good time with my friends. A．invited B．am invited C．was invited D．invite 19．— I heard the events and people in the film are real. — Yes. Actually, it ________ in honour of Wu Shi and other heroes of the secret front. A．will film B．was filmed C．filmed D．will be filmed 20．A large number of old houses in this area ________ down last year to build a new park. A．pull B．pulled C．were pulled D．are pulled 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．In Harbin, the ground is often ________ (cover) with thick snow in winter. 22．The Yellow River is ________ (call) the “mother river”of China. 23．The artworks in the caves ________ (protect) by limiting the number of visitors. 24．This popular novel ________ (base) on a real story that happened in a small mountain village. 25．If I ________ (give) one more chance, I will try my best to correct my mistakes and do much better. 26．The Mogao Caves ________ (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987. 27．The spaceship was ________ (damage) because of the crash, so it couldn’t fly anymore. 28．The children were ________ (frighten) by the tall alien with a round head and silver body. 29．It’s quite a long time since I ________ (interview) by a middle school student. 30．My parents took me to see the Great Wall last year, and I was deeply________(impress) by its beauty. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．无锡惠山泥人是用一种黑色黏土制成的。 Huishan clay figures from Wuxi ________ ________ ________ a kind of black clay. 32．钱被用来帮助有需要的人。 Money ________ ________ to help people in need. 33．许多人的生活被慈善机构改善。 Many people’s lives ________ ________ by charities. 34．老师鼓励所有学生积极参与学校的环保活动。 All students ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the school’s environmental protection activities by the teachers. 35．据说这位作家已经写了一百多首歌。 It ________ ________ that the writer has written over one hundred songs. 36．会议是在上周四举行的。 The meeting ________ ________ last Thursday. 37．哈尔滨人民是如此热情友爱，以致我们都被深深感动了。 The people in Harbin were ________ friendly and passionate ________ all of us ________ ________ deeply. 38．这些垃圾被分成了不同的类别。 The rubbish ________ ________ ________ different groups. 39．它(该组织)成立于1982年。 It ________ ________ ________ 1982. 40．这个房间被灯泡照亮了。 The room ________ ________ ________ by the light bulb. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 7 Charities 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 基本结构 be+Vpp 主被动转换 They clean the classroom. The classroom is cleaned （by them）. 被动语态的使用 ①不知道动作的执行者。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。 ③强调动作的承受着。 ④句子主语是动作的承受者（往往是物，但也可能是人） 具体构成 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 clean/cleans is/am/are+cleaned 一般过去时 cleaned was/were cleaned 注意事项 1.带双宾的谓语动词 有两种变换形式 She gave me a toy. I was given a toy. / A toy was given to me. 2.动词短语不可分割 We should take care of old people. Old people should be taken care of . 3.省 to 的不定式 see/hear/watch/feel/notice/let/make/have 变被动时，应加上 to My mother makes me stay at home. I am made to stay at home by my mother. 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．— What a mess! The shared bikes ________ everywhere. — Let’s collect and put them in the right place. A．throw B．threw C．are thrown D．have thrown 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——真是一团糟！共享单车被扔得到处都是。——让我们把它们收集起来放到正确的地方。 主语“The shared bikes”与动词“throw”之间是被动关系，表示单车被人们乱扔，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”。选项中只有C项是被动语态结构。 2．It will be a great honor if I ________ to the charity evening party next Monday. A．invite B．will invite C．was invited D．am invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果下周一我被邀请参加慈善晚会，那将是一大荣幸。 主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，需用一般现在时；主语I与invite之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are done。故选D。 3．—How are traditional stories kept alive here? —Old stories ________ again and again,  and now they are also recorded for the future. A．tell B．are told C．will tell D．will be told 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——传统故事是如何在这里被保存下来的？——老故事被一遍又一遍地讲述，现在它们也被记录下来以供未来使用。 根据“Old stories”可知，故事是被讲述，因此用被动语态，其结构为“be动词+动词的过去分词”；根据“again and again”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Old stories”是复数，因此be动词用are，tell的过去分词是told。所以此空应填are told。 4．—If you ________ a chance to visit Yangzhou during the autumn holiday, which place will be your first choice? —The China Grand Canal Museum. With many art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit. A．are offered B．offer C．will offer D．will be offered 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果你在秋假期间有机会参观扬州，你会首选哪个地方？——中国大运河博物馆。里面有许多艺术珍宝，非常值得一游。 根据“If you...a chance to visit Yangzhou during the autumn holiday”可知，此处是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主语是动作的承受者，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是you，be动词用are。应填are offered。 5．—Can you tell me where cotton ________ in China? —Well, people in the north of China ________ much cotton. A．grow; grow B．grow; are grown C．is grown; grow D．is grown; is grown 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我中国哪里种植棉花吗？——嗯，中国北方的人们种植很多棉花。 第一空主语cotton(棉花)和动词grow(种植)之间是被动关系(棉花“被种植”)，且cotton是不可数名词，因此要用一般现在时的被动语态is grown；第二空主语people(人们)和动词grow之间是主动关系(人们“种植”棉花)，因此要用grow。 6．The new plan ________ by most people in the company now. A．supports B．is supported C．supported D．was supported 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个新计划现在被公司里的大多数人支持。 根据主语“The new plan”与动词之间是被动关系，且由by引出动作执行者，可知需用被动语态，排除主动语态选项；根据时间状语now可知时态为一般现在时，排除一般过去时选项。 7．This old building ________ to be a symbol of history and visitors from all over the world visit it every year. A．is considered B．considers C．considered D．is considering 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这座古老建筑被认为是历史的象征，每年都有来自世界各地的游客前来参观。 主语“This old building”和动词“consider”是被动关系，此处需要使用被动语态，主语是单数，对应be动词用is，应填is considered。 8．—Mum, when shall we go to watch the cherry blossoms in Zizai Park? —________ your homework ________ tomorrow. A．Until; will be finished B．Until; has finished C．Not until; will finish D．Not until; is finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我们什么时候去自在公园看樱花？——直到明天你的作业被完成才去。 根据语境可知，此处表示“直到……才……”，应用Not until；时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，且homework与finish之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态is finished。 9．—Have you finished your report on green life? —Not yet. I’ll make it if I ________three more days. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你完成关于绿色生活的报告了吗？——还没有。如果再被给予三天时间，我就能完成。 if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句“I’ll make it”是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时主语“I”与动词give之间是被动关系，表示“我被给予”，应用被动语态，因此需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+动词的过去分词。应填入am given。 10．To stop food from going bad, the fresh fish ________ immediately after we catch it. A．froze B．was frozen C．freezes D．is frozen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了防止食物变质，新鲜的鱼在我们捕获后立即被冷冻。 主语“the fresh fish”与动词“freeze”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be+done；根据从句“after we catch it”中的“catch”为一般现在时，可知主句描述客观事实或常规操作，应用一般现在时。 11．It is ________ that computers were invented in America. A．believe B．to believe C．believing D．believed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们相信电脑是在美国发明的。 believe动词原形；to believe动词不定式；believing动名词/现在分词；believed过去分词。“It is believed that...”意为“人们认为/据信……”，此处需用过去分词构成被动结构。 12．—Look! The old city wall ________ last year. It looks as good as new. —Yes. The government did a great job in protecting our cultural heritage. A．repaired B．is repaired C．was repaired D．will be repaired 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！古城墙去年被修复了，看起来像新的一样。——是的。政府在保护我们的文化遗产方面做得很好。 根据时间状语“last year”可知动作发生在过去，且主语“the old city wall”与动词“repair”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态,应填was repaired。 13．Printing ________ first ________ many centuries ago in ancient China. A．is; created B．has; created C．was; created D．is; creating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：印刷术在许多世纪前的古代中国首次被创造出来。 create创造，选项都是其不同的形式。is; created一般现在时被动语态；has; created现在完成时主动语态；was; created一般过去时被动语态；is; creating现在进行时主动语态。根据“many centuries ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，且“Printing”与“create”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态。应填“was; created”。 14．Our school basketball team lost yesterday, and we ________ by the other team. A．are beaten B．were beaten C．beat D．were beating 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校篮球队昨天输了，我们被另一支队伍打败了。 根据时间状语“yesterday”可知句子时态为一般过去时；根据“by the other team”可知主语“we”与动词“beat”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were + done”。主语是we，be动词用were，beat的过去分词是beaten。 15．—The woman played an important role in medicine and ________ for it. —We should follow her example and make our own efforts to bring a better society. A．honored B．has honored C．was honored D．will be honored 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这位女性在医学领域发挥了重要作用，并因此受到表彰。——我们应该以她为榜样，努力创造更美好的社会。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据前半句谓语动词“played”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The woman”与动词“honor”之间是被动关系，意为“被表彰”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）。 16．A number of ancient buildings in Shangrao ________ by the government in 2025. A．protect B．protected C．is protected D．were protected 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2025年，上饶的许多古建筑被政府保护了。 根据“by the government”可知，句子用被动语态，“建筑”是“被保护”的；根据时间状语“in 2025”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，主语A number of ancient buildings为复数，be动词用were。 17．—Did the doctors save the boy? —Yes. He ________ on the morning of May 10th. And now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．operated C．operated on D．was operated on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——医生们救了那个男孩吗？——是的。他在5月10日上午接受了手术。现在他脱离危险了。 operate表示“做手术”时为不及物动词，接宾语需加介词on，构成短语operate on。主语“He”指代the boy，与operate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be operated on，且介词on不可省略，was operated on符合语境。 18．—What did you do yesterday? —I ________ to a birthday party and had a good time with my friends. A．invited B．am invited C．was invited D．invite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你昨天做了什么？——我被邀请去参加一场生日派对，和朋友们玩得很开心。 上文提到时间为“yesterday”，是一般过去时标志，主语“I”是被别人邀请，要用被动语态，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was invited。 19．— I heard the events and people in the film are real. — Yes. Actually, it ________ in honour of Wu Shi and other heroes of the secret front. A．will film B．was filmed C．filmed D．will be filmed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我听说这部电影里的事件和人物都是真实的。——是的。实际上，它是为了纪念吴石和其他隐蔽战线的英雄而拍摄的。 主语it指代电影，与动词film之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；根据语境可知电影已存在，拍摄动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时被动语态。结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。 20．A large number of old houses in this area ________ down last year to build a new park. A．pull B．pulled C．were pulled D．are pulled 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年为了建造一个新公园，这个区域的大量旧房子被拆毁了。 主语houses与动词短语pull down之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be+过去分词）；根据时间状语last year可知时态为一般过去时，且主语为复数，be动词应用were。故选C。 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．In Harbin, the ground is often ________ (cover) with thick snow in winter. 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：在哈尔滨，冬天地面经常被厚厚的雪覆盖。根据题干，空格处需填入动词的过去分词形式，与前面的is构成被动语态，表示“被覆盖”。故填covered。 22．The Yellow River is ________ (call) the “mother river”of China. 【答案】called 【详解】句意：黄河被称为中国的“母亲河”。句中主语“The Yellow River”与动词“call”之间是被动关系，即“黄河被人们称为……”，因此应使用被动语态。被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”。句中已有助动词“is”，所以空格处应填入动词“call”的过去分词形式。故填called。 23．The artworks in the caves ________ (protect) by limiting the number of visitors. 【答案】are protected 【详解】句意：洞穴里的艺术品通过限制游客数量来得到保护。句中主语“The artworks”与动词“protect”之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用are，protect的过去分词为protected。 24．This popular novel ________ (base) on a real story that happened in a small mountain village. 【答案】is based 【详解】句意：这部畅销小说是根据发生在一个小山村的真实故事改编的。be based on“基于；以……为基础”，是固定搭配，陈述客观事实需用一般现在时，主语是“This popular novel”，be动词用is。 25．If I ________ (give) one more chance, I will try my best to correct my mistakes and do much better. 【答案】am given 【详解】句意：如果再给我一次机会，我会竭尽所能改正错误，做得更好。句子为条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时；主语“I”与动词give为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用am，give的过去分词为given。 26．The Mogao Caves ________ (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987. 【答案】were added 【详解】句意：1987年，莫高窟被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。根据“in 1987”可知，使用一般过去时；主语“The Mogao Caves”和“add”之间是被动关系，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“The Mogao Caves”为复数，所以使用be动词were，add的过去分词是added。 27．The spaceship was ________ (damage) because of the crash, so it couldn’t fly anymore. 【答案】damaged 【详解】句意：宇宙飞船因撞击而受损，所以它不能再飞行了。主语The spaceship与动词damage之间是被动关系，且句中有was，因此需要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。damage的过去分词是damaged。 28．The children were ________ (frighten) by the tall alien with a round head and silver body. 【答案】frightened 【详解】句意：孩子们被那个有着圆脑袋和银色身体的高大外星人吓坏了。be frightened by…表示“被……吓到”，是固定搭配，所以此处应填frightened。 29．It’s quite a long time since I ________ (interview) by a middle school student. 【答案】was interviewed 【详解】句意：我被一名中学生采访已经有很长一段时间了。interview“采访”，是动词。在固定句型“It’s+一段时间+since...”中，since引导的从句需要用一般过去时，且I和interview是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态was interviewed。 30．My parents took me to see the Great Wall last year, and I was deeply________(impress) by its beauty. 【答案】impressed 【详解】句意：去年我的父母带我去看长城，它的美给我留下了深刻印象。主语I和impress“给……留下深刻印象”构成被动关系，所以应该用过去分词形式，故填impressed。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．无锡惠山泥人是用一种黑色黏土制成的。 Huishan clay figures from Wuxi ________ ________ ________ a kind of black clay. 【答案】 are made from 【详解】原句中“由……制成”是关键词，表示“由……制成”的短语是be made from，表示制成后看不出原材料，符合泥人制作后的状态，本句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语“Huishan clay figures”为复数，be动词用are。 32．钱被用来帮助有需要的人。 Money ________ ________ to help people in need. 【答案】 is used 【详解】原句中的“被用来”是关键词，其对应的固定短语为“be used to do sth”。money为不可数名词，且在这里表示钱的常规用途，用一般现在时，be动词用is。 33．许多人的生活被慈善机构改善。 Many people’s lives ________ ________ by charities. 【答案】 are improved 【详解】原句中“被改善”提示本句为被动语态。主语Many people’s lives是复数，句子描述客观常态，用一般现在时的被动语态结构are+过去分词；“改善”的英文单词为 improve，过去分词为improved。故填are；improved。 34．老师鼓励所有学生积极参与学校的环保活动。 All students ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the school’s environmental protection activities by the teachers. 【答案】 are encouraged to actively join in 【详解】原句中“被鼓励”、“积极参与”是关键词。“鼓励某人做某事”对应固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.；主语All students与“encourage”为被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are，encourage的过去分词为encouraged；“参与某事”对应动词短语join in，不定式符号to后接动词原形；“积极”对应副词actively，修饰动词短语join in，在句中作方式状语。 35．据说这位作家已经写了一百多首歌。 It ________ ________ that the writer has written over one hundred songs. 【答案】 is said 【详解】原句“据说”为关键词，句子以It开头做主语，此处是It is said that…“据说……”的句型结构。 36．会议是在上周四举行的。 The meeting ________ ________ last Thursday. 【答案】 was held 【详解】原句中“举行”是关键词，会议是“被举行”，需用被动语态；时间状语last Thursday表示过去时，被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语The meeting是单数，be动词用was，“举行”的过去分词为held，因此填was；held，符合句子逻辑及语境。 37．哈尔滨人民是如此热情友爱，以致我们都被深深感动了。 The people in Harbin were ________ friendly and passionate ________ all of us ________ ________ deeply. 【答案】 so that were moved 【详解】第一、二空：“如此……以致……”是关键词，在英文中可用so...that...结构，so后接形容词friendly and passionate，that引导结果状语从句。第三、四空：“被感动”表示被动，描述过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，move“感动”，主语all of us为复数，故填were moved。 38．这些垃圾被分成了不同的类别。 The rubbish ________ ________ ________ different groups. 【答案】 was separated into 【详解】原句中“被分成”是关键词，表示“把……分成……”的固定短语是be separated into。本句为一般过去时被动语态，主语rubbish是不可数名词，be 动词用was。故填was；separated；into。 39．它(该组织)成立于1982年。 It ________ ________ ________ 1982. 【答案】 was founded in 【详解】原句中“成立于”是关键词，表示“（被）成立、建立”的短语是be founded。本句动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语It是第三人称单数，be动词用was；年份前的时间介词固定用in。 故填was；founded；in。 40．这个房间被灯泡照亮了。 The room ________ ________ ________ by the light bulb. 【答案】 was lit up 【详解】原句中“被……照亮”是关键词，表示“照亮”的英文是light up，是动词短语。主语The room与light up之间为被动关系，由语境可知是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was，light的过去分词为lit。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $