Unit 8 A green world 重点单词、短语、词性转换巩固复习练100题（四题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册核心题型讲通练透（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“绿色世界”主题，通过四题型系统巩固环保词汇及语法应用，构建从音形识别到语境运用的语言能力训练体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |音标写词|20题|辨音写词，考查发音与拼写对应|围绕环保核心词（如separate, pollute），建立音形联系| |汉语提示填空|20题|汉译英词汇应用，强化词义记忆|覆盖名词（soil）、动词（recycle）等词性，巩固主题词汇库| |首字母填空|30题|语境猜词，考查词汇在语篇中的运用|通过首字母提示（如p→pollute, s→separate），训练上下文推理能力| |词形变化填空|30题|语法变形，涉及时态、词性转换等|从动词时态（damage→damaged）到词性转换（wise→wisely），构建词汇语法应用逻辑链|

Unit 8 A green world 重点单词、短语、词性转换巩固复习练100题（四题型） 建议用时：30分钟 实际用时： 分钟 一、根据音标写单词，每小题1分，满分20分 1．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /ˈsepəreɪt/ them. 2．Please be careful when you ________ /pɔ: (r)/ the hot water. 3．Some factories have ________ [pə'lu:tɪd] many rivers and lakes of this city so far. 4．The heavy rain washes away the ______ /sɔɪl/ from the garden. 5．Why is The Dead Sea’s water ________ /'levl/ going down? 6．I think the weather can ________ /əˈfekt/ our moods. 7．People should not ________/pə'lu:t/ the land, the air or the oceans. 8．In the future, travelling to space will surely be ________ / prəˈvaɪdɪd / at a lower cost. 9．Teenagers should use as few ________ /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ products as possible to protect their eyes. 10．The government plans to fight plastic pollution by stopping using ________ /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ bags. 11．The smart system can help you ________ /kənˈtrəʊl/ the electricity use of your home to save energy. 12．More than half of our ________ /ˈtəʊtl/ body weight is water. 13．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /'sepərət/them. 14．My piano teacher is very ________ /strɪkt/ during lessons, but it helps me improve quickly. 15．Eating too much may ________ /kɔːz/ health problems. 16．Please cover your mouth when you ________ [kɒf]. It’s not just a good manner but also helps reduce the spread of illness. 17．I ________ /ˈha: dli/ know her. Could you please introduce her to me? 18．The club has a ________ membership of 300. /'təʊtl/ 19．Nowadays, ________ [gæs] is widely used for cooking and heating. 20．We should learn to use time _______ /'waɪzli/ in summer vacation. 二、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分20分 21．His English ________ (水平) has improved greatly this term. 22．Please ________ (分开) the good apples from the bad ones. 23．We should ________ (回收利用) waste paper and plastic to protect the environment. 24．Too much pressure can ________ (导致) many health problems. 25．Farmers grow different kinds of crops in the rich ________ (土壤). 26．The current division of labour between workers and ________ (管理) will soon be changed. 27．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ (罚款) by the police. 28．The artwork for the ________ (海报) was done by my sister. 29．Some ________ (海鸟) have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying areas. 30．The famous block toy company held the Build and Talk activities offline in China to help parents and children prevent too much screen time from ________ (影响) children’s eyes. 31．Burning fuels like oil, coal and ________ (天然气) causes global warming and pollution. 32．My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time ________ (明智地). 33．We depend on natural ________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 34．They had enough ________ (燃料) to see the winter out. 35．The laboratory uses advanced ________ (化学的) processes to purify water. 36．In a panel discussion, EY’s Jim Doucette said younger consumers in the US and China increasingly prefer ________ (环保的) products. 37．Many travellers carry reusable items to avoid relying on ________ (供一次使用的) products during trips. 38．Pay attention to your own ________ (进步) rather than others’ results. 39．We should take ________ (行动) to save our home. 40．Everyone should follow ________ (规则) to protect the environment. 三、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．Students who often cheat in exams will surely be p________ by their teachers and parents. 42．Many big factories are not allowed to p________ the clean water and fresh air in the city. 43．As polite teenagers, we must never b________ the public rules in any public places. 44．When you feel angry or upset, you should learn to c________ your own moods properly. 45．All the head teachers in our school are s________ with every student in daily school management. 46．Yesterday a drone filmed villagers loading corn onto a t________ in Linyi City, Shandong Province. 47．The old house had u________ walls that are covered in dust. 48．The environment of the earth is getting worse, so it’s time for us to go g________. 49．Computers have greatly a________ students’ learning methods since they were introduced into school. 50．We need s________ to make the world greener. 51．Trees help to c________ the air around us. 52．People should d________ waste into different kinds. 53．Turn off the lights to save e________ when you leave the room. 54．The online course offers different l________ of difficulty, suitable for beginners and skilled learners. 55．Our school is not that big, with a t________ of 500 students. 56．The temple sits alone in the mountains at a height of 3,000m above sea l________. 57．In order to protect his eyes, he seldom uses e________ products. 58．We should use more e________-friendly cleaning products in our daily life. 59．Please s________ the glass from the plastic before recycling them. 60．The factory p________ much chemical waste into the river yesterday. 61．We must take action to protect the e________ immediately. 62．It is w________ to save water and electricity in daily life. 63．—Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries? —One of the c________ is that his works give us a closer look at history. 64．We should r________ waste paper and plastic to save natural resources. 65．If you don’t slow down, you’ll hit the t________ of the stairs and get hurt. 66．Some s________ have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. 67．If you want to c________ empty plastic bottles, you can put them into the special recycling bin in the community. 68．It is a good habit to t________ off the tap while brushing teeth. 69．The d________ of new energy cars is a key step to a greener world. 70．We should plant more trees to prevent the s________ from being washed away by rain. 四、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．I am busy with plenty of homework every day, so I ________ (hard) have time for outdoor activities. 72．The powerful typhoon ________ (damage) lots of houses and farm crops in the countryside last month. 73．You will ________ (success) finish all your tasks if you keep working hard. 74．We can easily ________ (separate) fresh fruits from rotten ones before storing them at home. 75．All teachers and students will ________ (vote) for the excellent student leader in our school next week. 76．The naughty kids ________ (break) some delicate glass bottles when they played indoors just now. 77．Don’t ________ (pour) dirty waste water into rivers or lakes around our living places. 78．We should collect and ________ (recycle) waste plastic to protect the environment in our daily life. 79．The sudden heavy rain ________ (cause) many serious natural disasters in mountainous areas last year. 80．The government ________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner. 81．If we don’t save energy, it ________ (run) out soon. 82．We should stop ________ (pollute) the river. 83．The ________ (electricity) cars are friendly to the environment. 84．Too many ________ (chemical) are bad for the soil. 85．He ________ (success) finished the work last week. 86．The river is ________ (clean) because of the pollution. 87．The little girl kept ________ (ask) us many strange questions. 88．We should use the natural resources ________ (wise). 89．We should make laws to stop some factories from ________ (put) waste into rivers. 90．We should do what we can ________ (keep) the river clean. 91．It is meaningful for everyone ________ (give) help to the people in need. 92．Nothing ________ (offer) to them at first, so they didn't know how to start. 93．Students can have more free time for their hobbies by ________ (plan) their time better. 94．The accident ________ (happen) on a cold winter night last year. 95．It’s time for the government ________ (deal) with the waste from those factories. 96．We can save energy by ________ (reuse) the waste. 97．People use too many plastic bags and throw them away. It is ________ (harm) to our environment. 98．This kind of clothing material ________ (catch) fire easily. 99．The new working plan ________ (discuss) again at tomorrow’s meeting if necessary. 100．Look! The students ________ (plant) trees along the street. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world 重点单词、短语、词性转换巩固复习练100题（四题型） 建议用时：30分钟 实际用时： 分钟 一、根据音标写单词，每小题1分，满分20分 1．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /ˈsepəreɪt/ them. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：这本旧书有两页粘在一起了，我不能把它们分开。根据音标可知，对应的单词是separate“分开”，是动词，can’t后接动词原形。故填separate。 2．Please be careful when you ________ /pɔ: (r)/ the hot water. 【答案】pour 【详解】句意：当你倒热水的时候请小心。根据音标提示可知，空处应填动词pour“倒”，描述一般情况用一般现在时，主语you为第二人称，要用动词原形。故填pour。 3．Some factories have ________ [pə'lu:tɪd] many rivers and lakes of this city so far. 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：到目前为止，一些工厂已经污染了这座城市的许多河流和湖泊。根据音标可知，此处是polluted“污染”，是动词过去分词形式。故填polluted。 4．The heavy rain washes away the ______ /sɔɪl/ from the garden. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：大雨冲走了花园里的泥土。根据音标提示可知，此处应该填入soil，不可数名词，作宾语，意为“泥土，土壤”，表达大雨冲走了花园里的泥土。故填soil。 5．Why is The Dead Sea’s water ________ /'levl/ going down? 【答案】level 【详解】句意：为什么死海的水位在下降？根据音标可知，此处为level“水平”，water level“水位”。故填level。 6．I think the weather can ________ /əˈfekt/ our moods. 【答案】affect 【详解】句意：我认为天气会影响我们的情绪。根据音标可知，此处是affect“影响”，can后接动词原形。故填affect。 7．People should not ________/pə'lu:t/ the land, the air or the oceans. 【答案】pollute 【详解】句意：人们不应该污染土地、空气或海洋。根据音标提示/pə'lu:t/可知英文表达是pollute，意为“污染”，动词；should是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填pollute。 8．In the future, travelling to space will surely be ________ / prəˈvaɪdɪd / at a lower cost. 【答案】provided 【详解】句意为：在未来，太空旅行肯定会以更低的成本被提供。音标/prəˈvaɪdɪd/对应单词provided（provide的过去分词形式）。 句子使用被动语态be provided，意为“被提供”，表示未来太空旅行将以更低的成本被提供给大众。 9．Teenagers should use as few ________ /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ products as possible to protect their eyes. 【答案】electronic 【详解】句意：青少年应尽可能少使用电子产品以保护眼睛。根据音标可知，对应的单词是electronic，意为“电子的”，作定语，构成短语electronic products，意为“电子产品”。 10．The government plans to fight plastic pollution by stopping using ________ /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ bags. 【答案】single-use 【详解】句意：政府计划通过停止使用一次性袋子来对抗塑料污染。根据音标可知，对应的单词是single-use，意为“一次性的”，作定语。 11．The smart system can help you ________ /kənˈtrəʊl/ the electricity use of your home to save energy. 【答案】control 【详解】句意：这个智能系统可以帮助你控制家里的用电量以节约能源。根据音标提示可知，英文表达为control，动词，意为“控制”；help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，所以这里用动词原形control。 12．More than half of our ________ /ˈtəʊtl/ body weight is water. 【答案】total 【详解】句意：我们总体重的一半以上是水。根据音标可知，对应的单词是total，意为“总的；总计的；全体的；全部的”，是形容词。故填total。 13．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /'sepərət/them. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：这本旧书有两页粘在一起了，我不能把它们分开。根据音标可知，此处是动词separate“分开”，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。故填separate。 14．My piano teacher is very ________ /strɪkt/ during lessons, but it helps me improve quickly. 【答案】strict 【详解】句意：我的钢琴老师在课上非常严格，但这帮助我快速提高。/strɪkt/对应的单词是strict，意为“严格的”，作表语。故填strict。 15．Eating too much may ________ /kɔːz/ health problems. 【答案】cause 【详解】句意：吃太多可能会导致健康问题。根据音标/kɔːz/ 可知，此处应填“cause”，“cause”是动词，意为“导致；引起”，“may”是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填cause。 16．Please cover your mouth when you ________ [kɒf]. It’s not just a good manner but also helps reduce the spread of illness. 【答案】cough 【详解】句意：请在咳嗽时捂住嘴巴。这不仅是一种礼貌行为，还有助于减少疾病传播。根据题意和音标可知，咳嗽时捂住嘴巴，[kɒf]单词为cough。故填cough。 17．I ________ /ˈha: dli/ know her. Could you please introduce her to me? 【答案】hardly 【详解】句意：我几乎不认识她。你能把她介绍给我吗？根据音标和句意可知，此处使用hardly“几乎不”，副词。故填 hardly。 18．The club has a ________ membership of 300. /'təʊtl/ 【答案】total 【详解】句意：这个俱乐部总共有300个会员。根据音标提示/'təʊtl/，结合句意，可知英文表达是total，意为“总共的”，形容词。故填total。 19．Nowadays, ________ [gæs] is widely used for cooking and heating. 【答案】gas 【详解】句意：如今，煤气被广泛用于烹饪和取暖。根据音标[gæs] 可知，此处为gas“煤气”，故填gas。 20．We should learn to use time _______ /'waɪzli/ in summer vacation. 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：我们应该学会在暑假明智地利用时间。根据音标提示可知，此处是wisely“明智地”，是副词修饰动词，故填wisely。 二、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分20分 21．His English ________ (水平) has improved greatly this term. 【答案】level 【详解】句意：这学期他的英语水平进步很大。level作名词意为“水平、层次”，English level是固定短语，意为“英语水平”，此处用单数形式即可。 22．Please ________ (分开) the good apples from the bad ones. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：请把好苹果和坏苹果分开。“分开”可译为separate，动词。祈使句以动词原形开头，“separate...from...”意为“把……和……分开”。 23．We should ________ (回收利用) waste paper and plastic to protect the environment. 【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收废纸和塑料来保护环境。情态动词should后接动词原形，recycle侧重对废品进行回收再利用，贴合环保语境，因此填写原形。 24．Too much pressure can ________ (导致) many health problems. 【答案】cause 【详解】句意：过多的压力会导致许多健康问题。句中“can”为情态动词，后接动词原形；“导致”的英语表达为“cause”。 25．Farmers grow different kinds of crops in the rich ________ (土壤). 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：农民们在肥沃的土壤里种植各种各样的庄稼。“土壤”可译为soil，soil是不可数名词，专门表示大自然中的泥土、土壤，无复数形式，直接填写原形即可。 26．The current division of labour between workers and ________ (管理) will soon be changed. 【答案】management 【详解】句意：当前工人与管理层之间的劳动分工将很快改变。由“between workers and”可知，and连接两个相同成分的词，workers是名词，所以此处也是名词。“管理”对应单词为“management”，不可数名词，所以填management。 27．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ (罚款) by the police. 【答案】fined 【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，就会被警察罚款。 “罚款”为fine，此处应用过去分词为fined，与will be构成一般将来时的被动语态。 28．The artwork for the ________ (海报) was done by my sister. 【答案】poster 【详解】句意：这张海报的美术设计是我姐姐完成的。根据中文提示可知，“海报”的英文是poster；句中be动词为was，因此用poster的单数形式。故填poster。 29．Some ________ (海鸟) have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying areas. 【答案】seabirds 【详解】句意：一些海鸟有类似的能力。它们能够绘制飞行区域的气味图。seabird“海鸟”，Some后用名词复数形式seabirds。 30．The famous block toy company held the Build and Talk activities offline in China to help parents and children prevent too much screen time from ________ (影响) children’s eyes. 【答案】affecting 【详解】句意：这家著名的积木玩具公司在中国线下举办了“搭建与交流”活动，以帮助家长和孩子避免过多的屏幕时间影响孩子的眼睛。“影响”可译为affect，动词。prevent...from doing sth.为固定搭配，from为介词，后接动名词，affect的动名词形式为affecting。 31．Burning fuels like oil, coal and ________ (天然气) causes global warming and pollution. 【答案】gas/natural gas 【详解】句意：燃烧石油、煤炭和天然气等燃料会造成全球变暖与污染。汉语提示“天然气”对应的表达为gas或natural gas，在本句中与oil, coal并列。 32．My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time ________ (明智地). 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：我成功的秘诀是努力工作并明智地规划我的时间。根据中文提示“明智地”可知，需要填写副词来修饰动词“plan”，故填wisely。 33．We depend on natural ________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 【答案】resources 【详解】句意：我们依赖自然资源生存，所以应该好好利用它们。“资源”对应名词“resource”，且此处表示多种资源，应该用复数形式，故填resources。 34．They had enough ________ (燃料) to see the winter out. 【答案】fuel 【详解】句意：他们有足够的燃料过冬。“燃料”对应的英文单词是fuel，它是不可数名词；enough fuel表示“足够的燃料”。因此填fuel。 35．The laboratory uses advanced ________ (化学的) processes to purify water. 【答案】chemical 【详解】句意：该实验室使用先进的化学工艺来净化水。“化学的”可译为chemical，形容词作定语修饰名词processes。 36．In a panel discussion, EY’s Jim Doucette said younger consumers in the US and China increasingly prefer ________ (环保的) products. 【答案】eco-friendly 【详解】句意：在一次小组讨论中，EY的Jim Doucette表示，美国和中国的年轻消费者越来越偏爱环保产品。“环保的”对应的英文形容词为eco-friendly，此处修饰名词“products”。 37．Many travellers carry reusable items to avoid relying on ________ (供一次使用的) products during trips. 【答案】single-use/disposable 【详解】句意：许多旅行者携带可重复使用的物品，避免在旅行中依赖一次性用品。single-use和disposable都意为“供一次使用的、一次性的”，作形容词修饰后面名词products。故填single-use/disposable。 38．Pay attention to your own ________ (进步) rather than others’ results. 【答案】progress 【详解】句意：关注你自己的进步，而不是别人的成绩。“your own”后跟名词形式，“进步”的英文是progress，为不可数名词。 39．We should take ________ (行动) to save our home. 【答案】action 【详解】句意：我们应该采取行动拯救我们的家园。“行动”对应的英文单词是action；固定搭配take action to do sth.意为“采取行动做某事”，action为不可数名词，因此填action。 40．Everyone should follow ________ (规则) to protect the environment. 【答案】rules 【详解】句意：每个人都应该遵守规则来保护环境。“规则”对应的英文单词是rule；此处表示泛指的各类规则，用复数形式rules，因此填rules。 三、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．Students who often cheat in exams will surely be p________ by their teachers and parents. 【答案】punished/unished 【详解】句意：经常考试作弊的学生一定会受到老师和家长的惩罚。主语students与punish之间是被动关系，本句为一般将来时被动语态“will be+过去分词”，punish的过去分词是punished。 42．Many big factories are not allowed to p________ the clean water and fresh air in the city. 【答案】pollute/ollute 【详解】句意：许多大型工厂不被允许污染城市里洁净的水源和清新的空气。be not allowed to do sth“不被允许做某事”固定搭配。pollute意为“污染”，此处用原形。 43．As polite teenagers, we must never b________ the public rules in any public places. 【答案】break/reak 【详解】句意：作为文明青少年，我们在任何公共场所都绝对不能违反公共规章制度。空处缺少谓语动词，根据首字母b可知，break rules“违反规则”符合“青少年应当自觉遵守公共规章制度”的语境，固定搭配，must后接动词原形。 44．When you feel angry or upset, you should learn to c________ your own moods properly. 【答案】control/ontrol 【详解】句意：当你感到生气或沮丧时，你应该学会适当地控制自己的情绪。根据首字母及“your own moods properly”提示，这里表示“控制”，动词control。根据“learn to”提示，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，learn to do sth.“学会做某事”。符合题意。 45．All the head teachers in our school are s________ with every student in daily school management. 【答案】strict/trict 【详解】句意：我们学校的所有班主任在日常学校管理中对每个学生都很严格。根据首字母及“with every student”提示，这里表示“严格的”，形容词strict。根据“are”提示，需填形容词作表语，构成be strict with“对……严格”，符合题意。 46．Yesterday a drone filmed villagers loading corn onto a t________ in Linyi City, Shandong Province. 【答案】truck/ruck 【详解】句意：昨天，一架无人机拍摄了山东省临沂市的村民们正在把玉米装上卡车的场景。“loading corn onto”及首字母可知，是指“把玉米装上卡车”，truck“卡车”，a后跟名词单数，故填truck。 47．The old house had u________ walls that are covered in dust. 【答案】unclean/nclean 【详解】句意：那座老房子有不干净的墙壁，上面覆盖着灰尘。根据首字母提示和“covered in dust”（覆盖着灰尘）可知，此处表示墙壁是不干净的。形容词unclean“不干净的”符合语境。 48．The environment of the earth is getting worse, so it’s time for us to go g________. 【答案】green/reen 【详解】句意：地球的环境正在变得更糟，所以是时候我们要绿色生活了。该处需一个形容词，在“go green”这个固定搭配中表示“环保的、绿色的”；根据句中“environment of the earth is getting worse”提示，语义与“环保、绿色”相关，且符合“go green”（环保生活）的固定搭配；分析句子结构，空格位于“go”之后，结合首字母“g”，故填green。 49．Computers have greatly a________ students’ learning methods since they were introduced into school. 【答案】affected/ffected 【详解】句意：自从电脑被引入学校以来，它们极大地影响了学生的学习方式。根据首字母a及语境可知，此处表示电脑对学生学习方法的影响，affected意为“影响”，句子时态为现在完成时，have后接动词的过去分词。 50．We need s________ to make the world greener. 【答案】solutions/olutions 【详解】句意：我们需要对策来让世界变得更环保。根据“We need ... to make the world greener”和首字母可知，此处指让世界变得更环保的对策，solution意为“解决办法、对策”，此处用复数表泛指，应填solutions。 51．Trees help to c________ the air around us. 【答案】clean 【详解】句意：树木有助于净化我们周围的空气。此处表达树木对空气的作用，常见表达为“净化”空气，对应单词为clean，固定搭配help to do sth.“帮助做某事”，to后需接动词原形，故填clean。 52．People should d________ waste into different kinds. 【答案】divide/ivide 【详解】句意：人们应该把垃圾分成不同的种类。 “divide…into…”是固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”，情态动词should后接动词原形，结合语境和首字母d，divide符合语法和语义要求。 53．Turn off the lights to save e________ when you leave the room. 【答案】energy/nergy 【详解】句意：当你离开房间的时候请关灯，以节约能源。“Turn off the lights to save...”可知，关灯是为了节约某种资源，结合首字母“e”可知，空格处需用energy，为不可数名词。应填energy。 54．The online course offers different l________ of difficulty, suitable for beginners and skilled learners. 【答案】levels/evels 【详解】句意：这门在线课程提供不同难度的等级，适合初学者和有经验的学习者。根据首字母l及“suitable for beginners and skilled learners.”可知，此处指不同难度的等级，levels意为“等级；水平”，different后接可数名词复数。 55．Our school is not that big, with a t________ of 500 students. 【答案】total/otal 【详解】句意：我们学校不是很大，总共有500名学生。句中“a”后需接名词，结合“Our school is not that big”及首字母为t可知，应是说学校学生总数是500人，total“总数，总计”，符合语境。 56．The temple sits alone in the mountains at a height of 3,000m above sea l________. 【答案】level/evel 【详解】句意：这座寺庙孤零零地坐落在海拔3000米的山间。句中above sea level是固定搭配，意为“海拔”，符合句子语境；首字母l也与该单词完全对应，故填level。 57．In order to protect his eyes, he seldom uses e________ products. 【答案】electronic/lectronic 【详解】句意：为了保护眼睛，他很少使用电子产品。句中products是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰；结合首字母e和“保护眼睛”的语境，应填形容词electronic（电子的），构成固定搭配electronic products（电子产品），符合语义和语法要求。 58．We should use more e________-friendly cleaning products in our daily life. 【答案】eco/co 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，我们应该使用更多“环保的”清洁产品。结合生活常识和首字母e，eco-friendly“环保的，对生态友好的”。这是一个常用合成词，eco-表示“生态、环境”。 59．Please s________ the glass from the plastic before recycling them. 【答案】separate/eparate 【详解】句意：在回收之前，请把玻璃和塑料“分开”。separate...from...是固定短语，意为“把……和……分开”，句子是祈使句，Please后接动词原形。 60．The factory p________ much chemical waste into the river yesterday. 【答案】poured/oured 【详解】句意：昨天这家工厂向河里排放了大量化学废料。时间状语“yesterday”表明句子时态为一般过去时，结合“much chemical waste into the river”，此处指工厂“把化学废料倾倒进了河里”，此处为pour…into…固定搭配，意为“把……倒入……”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用pour的过去式poured。 61．We must take action to protect the e________ immediately. 【答案】environment/nvironment 【详解】句意：我们必须立即采取行动保护环境。句中“protect the”后需要一个名词作宾语，结合首字母e及语境可知是environment。故填environment。 62．It is w________ to save water and electricity in daily life. 【答案】wise/ise 【详解】句意：在日常生活中节约水和电是明智的。根据句子结构来看符合固定搭配“It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为做某事（对某人来说）怎么样，此处缺少形容词；再结合语境和首字母，填wise“明智的”符合题意，故填wise。 63．—Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries? —One of the c________ is that his works give us a closer look at history. 【答案】causes/auses 【详解】句意：——你能解释为什么杜甫的作品几个世纪以来一直受欢迎吗？——其中一个原因是他的作品让我们更近距离地了解历史。句中“one of the + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“……之一”；根据“Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries?”并结合首字母c可知，这里指原因，所以此处应填表示“原因”的复数名词causes。 64．We should r________ waste paper and plastic to save natural resources. 【答案】recycle/ecycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收废纸和塑料来节约自然资源。根据句中的“waste paper and plastic（废纸和塑料）”以及“save natural resources（节约自然资源）”，结合首字母提示“r”，可判断此处需填入表示“回收利用”的动词，“recycle”意为“回收利用、循环使用”，情态动词“should”后接动词原形。 65．If you don’t slow down, you’ll hit the t________ of the stairs and get hurt. 【答案】top/op 【详解】句意：如果你不放慢速度，就会撞到楼梯的顶端从而受伤。结合首字母t和句意可知，不减速就会撞到楼梯的顶端，the top of the stairs表示“楼梯的顶端”，符合语义。 66．Some s________ have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. 【答案】seabirds/eabirds 【详解】句意：一些海鸟有类似的能力。它们能够制作出飞行区域的气味地图。根据首字母提示“s”以及句意可知，此处表示“海鸟”。名词seabird“海鸟”符合语境，且根据Some和They可知应用复数形式，seabird的复数形式为seabirds。 67．If you want to c________ empty plastic bottles, you can put them into the special recycling bin in the community. 【答案】collect/ollect 【详解】句意：如果你想收集空塑料瓶，你可以把它们放入社区里的专用回收箱。该处需一个动词，在句中作want的宾语（与to构成动词不定式）；“empty plastic bottles”及后句“recycling bin”提示语义与“收集”相关；“want to”要求使用动词原形。结合首字母“c”，故填collect。 68．It is a good habit to t________ off the tap while brushing teeth. 【答案】turn/urn 【详解】句意：刷牙时关掉水龙头是一个好习惯。本句是固定句型：It is+ 名词+to do sth；turn off固定搭配，意为“关闭（水龙头、电器等）”。 69．The d________ of new energy cars is a key step to a greener world. 【答案】development/evelopment 【详解】句意：新能源汽车的发展是迈向更绿色世界的关键一步。根据句意以及首字母“d”，可知这里应填development，表示“发展”，the development of...表示“……的发展”，符合语境。结合“is”可知，用其单数形式。 70．We should plant more trees to prevent the s________ from being washed away by rain. 【答案】soil/oil 【详解】句意：我们应该种植更多的树木以防止土壤被雨水冲走。根据句意及首字母提示，此处需填写名词作宾语，soil意为“土壤”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 四、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．I am busy with plenty of homework every day, so I ________ (hard) have time for outdoor activities. 【答案】hardly 【详解】句意：我每天忙于大量的作业，所以我几乎没有时间进行户外活动。hard可作形容词，意为“困难的；坚硬的”，也可作副词，意为“努力地”。结合“I am busy with plenty of homework every day”以及“have time for outdoor activities”，此处需要表达“几乎不”，把hard变为副词hardly，用来修饰实义动词have。故填hardly。 72．The powerful typhoon ________ (damage) lots of houses and farm crops in the countryside last month. 【答案】damaged 【详解】句意：上个月这场强台风毁坏了乡村里大量房屋和农作物。damage“损坏；毁坏”，动词；由“last month”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，damage的过去式为damaged。 73．You will ________ (success) finish all your tasks if you keep working hard. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：如果你坚持努力工作，你将会成功完成所有任务。success是名词，意为“成功”。空处用来修饰实义动词finish，修饰动词需要使用副词形式，success的副词形式为successfully，意为“成功地、顺利地”，因此填successfully。 74．We can easily ________ (separate) fresh fruits from rotten ones before storing them at home. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：在家储存水果前，我们可以轻松把新鲜水果和腐烂水果分离开。separate是动词，意为“分开，分离”，情态动词can后使用动词原形，应填separate。 75．All teachers and students will ________ (vote) for the excellent student leader in our school next week. 【答案】vote 【详解】句意：下周，我校全体师生将投票选出优秀学生干部。句子中的时间状语是next week（下周），表示将来发生的动作，因此谓语动词要用一般将来时。 一般将来时的结构为will+动词原形，所以此处应填vote。 76．The naughty kids ________ (break) some delicate glass bottles when they played indoors just now. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：这群调皮的孩子刚才在室内玩耍时打碎了一些精致的玻璃瓶。break是动词，意为“打破”，时间标志词just now表示过去，用一般过去时，break不规则变化，过去式为broke。 77．Don’t ________ (pour) dirty waste water into rivers or lakes around our living places. 【答案】pour 【详解】句意：不要把污浊的废水倒进我们居所附近的江河湖泊里。pour为动词，意为“倾倒”，祈使句Don’t后接动词原形，因此填pour。 78．We should collect and ________ (recycle) waste plastic to protect the environment in our daily life. 【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们应该在日常生活中收集和回收废弃塑料以保护环境。根据“should”提示，情态动词后接动词原形，and连接并列谓语，时态应保持一致。recycle的动词原形是recycle。 79．The sudden heavy rain ________ (cause) many serious natural disasters in mountainous areas last year. 【答案】caused 【详解】句意：去年突如其来的暴雨在山区引发了许多严重的自然灾害。时间状语“last year”表示过去的时间，动作已经发生，需用一般过去时。“cause”的过去式为“caused”。 80．The government ________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner. 【答案】has taken 【详解】句意：政府已经采取行动来保护河流。现在它们更干净了。根据后一句 “Now they are cleaner.（现在它们更干净了）”，能看出政府采取行动是过去发生的动作，且对现在造成了影响，所以使用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，此句主语为单数，助动词用has，take的过去分词是taken，故填has taken。 81．If we don’t save energy, it ________ (run) out soon. 【答案】will run 【详解】句意：如果我们不节约能源，它很快就会耗尽。结合“If we don’t save energy, it…(run) out soon.”，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句时态为一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。 82．We should stop ________ (pollute) the river. 【答案】polluting 【详解】句意：我们应该停止污染这条河流。固定搭配stop doing sth“停止正在做的事”；这里表示停止污染河流，动名词polluting符合语境。 83．The ________ (electricity) cars are friendly to the environment. 【答案】electric 【详解】句意：电动汽车对环境友好。根据“cars”提示，需填形容词作定语。electricity的形容词形式是electric“电动的”。注意区别于形容词electronic“电子的”。 84．Too many ________ (chemical) are bad for the soil. 【答案】chemicals 【详解】句意：太多的化学物质对土壤有害。所给单词 chemical意为“化学物质”，是可数名词；句首的“Too many”意为“太多”，用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，因此，chemical需要变为复数形式。故填chemicals。 85．He ________ (success) finished the work last week. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：他上周成功地完成了工作。success“成功”，是名词，句中“finished”为动词，修饰动词需要用副词，success的副词形式是successfully，意为“成功地”。 86．The river is ________ (clean) because of the pollution. 【答案】unclean 【详解】句意：因为污染，这条河是不干净的。根据“because of the pollution”可知这条河是不干净的，unclean“不干净的”符合句意。 87．The little girl kept ________ (ask) us many strange questions. 【答案】asking 【详解】句意：这个小女孩一直问我们许多奇怪的问题。keep doing sth.表示“持续/一直做某事”，固定搭配。ask的动名词形式为asking，故填asking。 88．We should use the natural resources ________ (wise). 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：我们应该明智地使用自然资源。句中“use”为实义动词，需用副词来修饰动词作状语。形容词wise“明智的”的副词形式需在词尾加-ly，故填wisely。 89．We should make laws to stop some factories from ________ (put) waste into rivers. 【答案】putting 【详解】句意：我们应该制定法律来阻止一些工厂向河流中排放废弃物。句中“stop...from doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，介词from后需接动名词形式，因此“put”应变为putting。 90．We should do what we can ________ (keep) the river clean. 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能来保持河水清洁。“尽我们所能”的目的是“保持河水清洁”，因此空处用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。 91．It is meaningful for everyone ________ (give) help to the people in need. 【答案】to give 【详解】句意：对每个人来说，帮助需要帮助的人是有意义的。give意为“给予”，是动词。It’s+adj.+for sb+to do sth为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填to give。 92．Nothing ________ (offer) to them at first, so they didn't know how to start. 【答案】was offered 【详解】句意：一开始什么都没有提供给他们，所以他们不知道如何开始。主语“Nothing”与“offer”之间为被动关系，且“at first”表示过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语“Nothing”为单数，故填was offered。 93．Students can have more free time for their hobbies by ________ (plan) their time better. 【答案】planning 【详解】句意：通过更好地规划时间，学生可以有更多的空闲时间用于自己的爱好。plan“计划”，介词by后用其动名词形式planning。 94．The accident ________ (happen) on a cold winter night last year. 【答案】happened 【详解】句意：去年一个寒冷的冬夜，事故发生了。句中“last year”是一般过去时的标志，应用一般过去时；happen的过去式是happened。 95．It’s time for the government ________ (deal) with the waste from those factories. 【答案】to deal 【详解】句意：是时候由政府来处理那些工厂产生的废弃物了。该句考查“it’s time for sb. to do sth.”，意为“是某人做某事的时候了”，应用提示词deal的不定式形式“to deal”作后置定语，修饰表语time。故填to deal。 96．We can save energy by ________ (reuse) the waste. 【答案】reusing 【详解】句意：我们可以通过再利用废物来节约能源。根据“by”提示，介词后接动名词作宾语。reuse的动名词形式是reusing（去e加ing）。 97．People use too many plastic bags and throw them away. It is ________ (harm) to our environment. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：人们使用太多塑料袋并把它们扔掉。这对我们的健康是有害的。harm“伤害”，是名词，固定搭配be harmful to“对……有害”，此处用形容词harmful作表语。 98．This kind of clothing material ________ (catch) fire easily. 【答案】catches 【详解】句意：这种布料容易着火。catch fire是固定短语，意为“着火”，catch是动词，句子陈述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，catch的第三人称单数是catches。 99．The new working plan ________ (discuss) again at tomorrow’s meeting if necessary. 【答案】will be discussed 【详解】句意：如有必要，新的工作计划将在明天的会议上再次讨论。时间状语tomorrow’s meeting表示将来，主语the new working plan与动词discuss之间是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，discuss的过去分词为discussed。 100．Look! The students ________ (plant) trees along the street. 【答案】are planting 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在沿街植树。标志词Look!表示此刻正在进行的动作，句子用现在进行时，结构为be + 动词-ing形式；主语The students为复数，be动词用are，动词plant的-ing形式为planting，故填are planting。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $