Unit 8 A green world 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“绿色世界”主题词汇，通过音标/汉语提示、首字母、适当形式填空三题型，系统训练单词拼写、语境应用及语法变形能力，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |音标/汉语提示填空|40题|考查单词拼写（音标辨识）与词义匹配（汉语提示）|从基础词汇音形义对应，构建主题词汇库| |首字母填空|30题|依托语境补全单词，强化词汇在语篇中的应用|衔接拼写与语境，培养根据上下文推断词义能力| |适当形式填空|30题|涉及时态、语态、非谓语等语法变形，考查词性转换|深化语法规则对词汇运用的支撑，形成“词汇-语法-语用”逻辑链|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 A green world 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据音标或汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．In the future, travelling to space will surely be ________ / prəˈvaɪdɪd / at a lower cost. 2．Teenagers should use as few ________ /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ products as possible to protect their eyes. 3．The government plans to fight plastic pollution by stopping using ________ /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ bags. 4．The water in this lake is 8 metres below the normal ________ /ˈlevl/ because of the long drought this year. 5．The smart system can help you ________ /kənˈtrəʊl/ the electricity use of your home to save energy. 6．More than half of our ________ /ˈtəʊtl/ body weight is water. 7．Mount Qomolangma reaches a height of about 8,848 metres above sea ________ /ˈlevl/. 8．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /'sepərət/them. 9．My piano teacher is very ________ /strɪkt/ during lessons, but it helps me improve quickly. 10．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /ˈsepəreɪt/ them. 11．Some factories have ________ [pə'lu:tɪd] many rivers and lakes of this city so far. 12．The heavy rain washes away the ______ /sɔɪl/ from the garden. 13．Why is The Dead Sea’s water ________ /'levl/ going down? 14．I think the weather can ________ /əˈfekt/ our moods. 15．People in that country are going to ________ for a new president. /vəʊt/ 16．We should take ________ (行动) to save our home. 17．Everyone should follow ________ (规则) to protect the environment. 18．We can ________ (回收利用) paper and glass. 19．Plastic bags are ________ (有害的) to our earth. 20．The kitchen smells terrible—someone forgot to take out the ________ (垃圾). 21．Too much screen time can do ________ (损害) to your eyes. 22．Students are not allowed to use ________ (电子的) devices like smartphones during class. 23．It rained so heavily that I could ________ (几乎不) see the road ahead while driving. 24．I bought a ________ (二手的) bicycle from my neighbor for only 200 yuan. 25．Many people are starting to refuse ________ (一次性的) plastic bags when they go shopping. 26．The news about the new environmental law spread ________ (广泛地) on social media. 27．The ________ (总共的) amount of plastic waste produced by our city each year is more than 100,000 tons. 28．Anyone who throws rubbish on the street will be ________ (惩罚). 29．We must take action to stop the ________ (污染) of our rivers and lakes. 30．People should take action at once to protect our natural ________ (资源). 31．The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never ________ (用完) . 32．The swimmer kept ________ (训练) for hours every day, even when his arm was hurt. 33．She practised answers before the job ________ (面试) to feel more confident and calm. 34．I am truly ________ (感激的) for your help during my difficult times. 35．We should learn to ______________ (分开) the recyclable waste from the non-recyclable waste in our daily life. 36．To ________(减少) white pollution, we’d better use cloth bags when we go shopping. 37．The green wall helps prevent the ________ (土壤) from being washed away by rain. 38．The remote control for the TV doesn’t work—it needs two new ________ (电池). 39．________ (根据) to the weather report, there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 40．Since we have made the promise, we should keep our word and never ________ (违背) it. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．We need s________ to make the world greener. 42．Trees help to c________ the air around us. 43．Using reusable bags is a good way to reduce p________ . 44．People should d________ waste into different kinds. 45．Turn off the lights to save e________ when you leave the room. 46．The factory is trying to produce new e________ products to cut down pollution. 47．Too much light p________ at night is harmful to our sleep and wildlife. 48．Computers have greatly a________ students’ learning methods since they were introduced into school. 49．The online course offers different l________ of difficulty, suitable for beginners and skilled learners. 50．It is w________ to save water and electricity in daily life. 51．We bought fruit, snacks and drinks for the picnic, and they cost 120 yuan in t________. 52．We must s________ waste into recyclable and non-recyclable groups. 53．We can save e________ by using energy-saving lights at home. 54．—Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries? —One of the c________ is that his works give us a closer look at history. 55．Mr. Green has c________ for several days, so his doctor advises him to give up smoking. 56．If you are against the rules, the teacher will p________ you. 57．Now waste from daily life in our city Zhenjiang is required to be s________ into different groups. 58．Mount Qomolangma reaches a height of about 29,029 feet above sea l________. 59．You will be p________ by the traffic police if you park your car in the wrong place. 60．When you do the laundry, you should s________ the white clothes from the colored ones to avoid color running. 61．It is a good habit to t________ off the tap while brushing teeth. 62．Please r________ the empty bottles instead of throwing them away. 63．The d________ of new energy cars is a key step to a greener world. 64．We should r________ waste paper and plastic to save natural resources. 65．If you don’t slow down, you’ll hit the t________ of the stairs and get hurt. 66．If you want to c________ empty plastic bottles, you can put them into the special recycling bin in the community. 67．We should plant more trees to prevent the s________ from being washed away by rain. 68．My parents are always s________ with me, and they ask me to finish my greenthemed homework on time every day. 69．Sam b________ the promise to keep the secret, and now his friend doesn’t trust him. 70．Our hotel provides the highest l________ of service to make your stay unforgettable. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．We ________ (recycle) paper and bottles every day. 72．Factories must stop ________ (pour) waste into rivers. 73．Don’t ________ (throw) rubbish everywhere in the park. 74．The government ________ (make) many laws to stop pollution so far. 75．Look! The students ________ (plant) trees along the street. 76．Everyone should ________ (learn) how to protect the environment. 77．Trees can help keep the air clean by ________ (take) in CO₂ and producing oxygen. 78．It aims ________ (highlight) the importance of environmental protection. 79．Many experts believe that more wild animals ________ (protect) in the nature reserve in the near future. 80．The Sahara is one of the world’s biggest ________ (desert). 81．If you ________ (invite) to the party, you should bring a small gift. 82．If a student cheats in the exam, he or she ________ (punish) by the school. 83．Some traditional jobs ________ (replace) by an AI robot in the future. 84．—How long can the ________ (battery) keep these smart phones working? —For about ten hours. 85．She ________ (cough) a lot during the meeting this morning because of a bad cold. 86．The ________ (important) of protecting wetlands is taught in our school. 87．If we don’t take action now, more and more wild animals ________ (lose) their homes in 10 years. 88．Hundreds of old trees ________ (plant) in the park by volunteers every spring. 89．It is very important for us ________ (learn) how to sort garbage correctly. 90．The new factory promises that it will not produce ________ (harm) gases to pollute the air. 91．My mind wasn’t on what the Chemistry teacher ________ (say) just now, so I’m afraid I missed a lot. 92．Besides Madame Curie, do you know any other ________ (woman) scientists? 93．We hope more money ________ (raise) to help the sick children next year. 94．The government makes laws ________ (stop) people from polluting the river. 95．The members of the Eco Club were busy ________ (hand) out the leaflets to students. 96．If we all make great efforts to stop wasting food, we can make a ________ (different)! 97．The city park needs better ________ (manage) to stay clean and beautiful. 98．His speech was very ________ (influence) and changed many people’s minds. 99．Scientists __________ (worry) that there will be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050. 100．Raw meat and cooked meat should always be stored in the fridge ________ (separate). 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 A green world 重点单词短语及词性转换进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据音标或汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分40分 1．In the future, travelling to space will surely be ________ / prəˈvaɪdɪd / at a lower cost. 【答案】provided 【详解】句意为：在未来，太空旅行肯定会以更低的成本被提供。音标/prəˈvaɪdɪd/对应单词provided（provide的过去分词形式）。 句子使用被动语态be provided，意为“被提供”，表示未来太空旅行将以更低的成本被提供给大众。 2．Teenagers should use as few ________ /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ products as possible to protect their eyes. 【答案】electronic 【详解】句意：青少年应尽可能少使用电子产品以保护眼睛。根据音标可知，对应的单词是electronic，意为“电子的”，作定语，构成短语electronic products，意为“电子产品”。 3．The government plans to fight plastic pollution by stopping using ________ /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ bags. 【答案】single-use 【详解】句意：政府计划通过停止使用一次性袋子来对抗塑料污染。根据音标可知，对应的单词是single-use，意为“一次性的”，作定语。 4．The water in this lake is 8 metres below the normal ________ /ˈlevl/ because of the long drought this year. 【答案】level 【详解】句意：由于今年的长期干旱，这个湖泊的水位比正常水平低了8米。根据“the normal”以及音标提示可知，此处应填单数名词level“水位”。 5．The smart system can help you ________ /kənˈtrəʊl/ the electricity use of your home to save energy. 【答案】control 【详解】句意：这个智能系统可以帮助你控制家里的用电量以节约能源。根据音标提示可知，英文表达为control，动词，意为“控制”；help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，所以这里用动词原形control。 6．More than half of our ________ /ˈtəʊtl/ body weight is water. 【答案】total 【详解】句意：我们总体重的一半以上是水。根据音标可知，对应的单词是total，意为“总的；总计的；全体的；全部的”，是形容词。故填total。 7．Mount Qomolangma reaches a height of about 8,848 metres above sea ________ /ˈlevl/. 【答案】level 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰的海拔高度约为8848米。根据音标可知，level意为“水平”，sea level是固定搭配，意为“海平面”。故填level。 8．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /'sepərət/them. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：这本旧书有两页粘在一起了，我不能把它们分开。根据音标可知，此处是动词separate“分开”，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。故填separate。 9．My piano teacher is very ________ /strɪkt/ during lessons, but it helps me improve quickly. 【答案】strict 【详解】句意：我的钢琴老师在课上非常严格，但这帮助我快速提高。/strɪkt/对应的单词是strict，意为“严格的”，作表语。故填strict。 10．Two pages of this old book are stuck together, and I can’t ________ /ˈsepəreɪt/ them. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：这本旧书有两页粘在一起了，我不能把它们分开。根据音标可知，对应的单词是separate“分开”，是动词，can’t后接动词原形。故填separate。 11．Some factories have ________ [pə'lu:tɪd] many rivers and lakes of this city so far. 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：到目前为止，一些工厂已经污染了这座城市的许多河流和湖泊。根据音标可知，此处是polluted“污染”，是动词过去分词形式。故填polluted。 12．The heavy rain washes away the ______ /sɔɪl/ from the garden. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：大雨冲走了花园里的泥土。根据音标提示可知，此处应该填入soil，不可数名词，作宾语，意为“泥土，土壤”，表达大雨冲走了花园里的泥土。故填soil。 13．Why is The Dead Sea’s water ________ /'levl/ going down? 【答案】level 【详解】句意：为什么死海的水位在下降？根据音标可知，此处为level“水平”，water level“水位”。故填level。 14．I think the weather can ________ /əˈfekt/ our moods. 【答案】affect 【详解】句意：我认为天气会影响我们的情绪。根据音标可知，此处是affect“影响”，can后接动词原形。故填affect。 15．People in that country are going to ________ for a new president. /vəʊt/ 【答案】vote 【详解】句意：那个国家的人民将投票选举新总统。根据音标提示和题干可知，空处应填动词vote“投票”。故填vote。 16．We should take ________ (行动) to save our home. 【答案】action 【详解】句意：我们应该采取行动拯救我们的家园。“行动”对应的英文单词是action；固定搭配take action to do sth.意为“采取行动做某事”，action为不可数名词，因此填action。 17．Everyone should follow ________ (规则) to protect the environment. 【答案】rules 【详解】句意：每个人都应该遵守规则来保护环境。“规则”对应的英文单词是rule；此处表示泛指的各类规则，用复数形式rules，因此填rules。 18．We can ________ (回收利用) paper and glass. 【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们可以回收利用纸和玻璃。“回收利用”对应的英文单词是recycle；情态动词can后接动词原形，因此填recycle。 19．Plastic bags are ________ (有害的) to our earth. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：塑料袋对我们的地球有害。“有害的”对应的英文单词是harmful；固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”，因此填harmful。 20．The kitchen smells terrible—someone forgot to take out the ________ (垃圾). 【答案】rubbish 【详解】句意：厨房闻起来很难闻——有人忘了倒垃圾。“垃圾”对应单词rubbish，“take out the rubbish”为固定搭配，意为“倒垃圾”。 21．Too much screen time can do ________ (损害) to your eyes. 【答案】damage 【详解】句意：过多的屏幕时间会对你的眼睛造成损害。句中“do ____ to”是固定搭配“do damage to”，意为“对……造成损害/伤害”，提示空处需填入名词；结合中文提示“损害”，“damage”作名词时意为“损害；伤害”，为不可数名词，无需变化形式，故填damage。 22．Students are not allowed to use ________ (电子的) devices like smartphones during class. 【答案】electronic 【详解】句意：学生在课堂上不允许使用像智能手机这样的电子设备。根据汉语提示可知，electronic“电子的”，此处用形容词来修饰名词devices。 23．It rained so heavily that I could ________ (几乎不) see the road ahead while driving. 【答案】hardly 【详解】句意：雨下得太大了，以至于我开车的时候几乎看不见前面的路。根据汉语提示可知，“几乎不”用副词hardly表示。 24．I bought a ________ (二手的) bicycle from my neighbor for only 200 yuan. 【答案】 second-hand 【详解】句意：我从邻居那里花200元买了一辆二手自行车。“二手的”的英文表达为second-hand；second-hand是复合形容词，可直接修饰名词bicycle，符合语法和语义要求。 25．Many people are starting to refuse ________ (一次性的) plastic bags when they go shopping. 【答案】single-use 【详解】句意：许多人在购物时开始拒绝一次性塑料袋。该句需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词短语plastic bags；single-use是形容词，意为“一次性的”，符合句意。 26．The news about the new environmental law spread ________ (广泛地) on social media. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：关于新环保法的消息在社交媒体上广泛传播。根据汉语提示可知，widely“广泛地”，在句中修饰动词spread。 27．The ________ (总共的) amount of plastic waste produced by our city each year is more than 100,000 tons. 【答案】total 【详解】句意：我们城市每年产生的塑料垃圾总量超过 10 万吨。括号内的中文提示 “总共的”，需要一个形容词修饰名词 amount（数量）。total 意为 “总的、全部的”，符合题意和语法要求，故填 total。 28．Anyone who throws rubbish on the street will be ________ (惩罚). 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：任何人在街上扔垃圾都将受到惩罚。“惩罚”英文为punish，本句中主语“Anyone”与谓语动词“punish”之间为被动关系，且will be后应接过去分词，构成一般将来时的被动语态。故填punished。 29．We must take action to stop the ________ (污染) of our rivers and lakes. 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动来阻止对我们河流与湖泊的污染。空前有the，空后有of，此处应填名词作stop的宾语。“污染”对应的名词是pollution，不可数名词。 30．People should take action at once to protect our natural ________ (资源). 【答案】resources 【详解】句意：人们应该立即采取行动保护我们的自然资源。“资源”对应英文单词resource。固定搭配natural resources，表示“自然资源”时用复数，故填resources。 31．The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never ________ (用完) . 【答案】run out 【详解】句意：太阳能和风能非常便宜，而且永远不会用完。根据汉语提示“用完”可知，短语run out符合语境，意为“用完、耗尽”，且will后接动词原形。故填run out。 32．The swimmer kept ________ (训练) for hours every day, even when his arm was hurt. 【答案】training 【详解】句意：这位游泳运动员即使手臂受伤，也每天坚持训练数小时。句中考查固定搭配keep doing sth.，意为“坚持/持续做某事”，keep后需接动词-ing形式。 “训练”对应的动词为train，直接在词尾加-ing。 33．She practised answers before the job ________ (面试) to feel more confident and calm. 【答案】interview 【详解】句意：为了更加自信冷静，她在工作面试前练习了答案。面试：interview，此处用名词单数。 34．I am truly ________ (感激的) for your help during my difficult times. 【答案】grateful 【详解】句意：我真的感激你在我困难时期的帮助。“感激的”用grateful表达，是形容词，在句中作表语。 35．We should learn to ______________ (分开) the recyclable waste from the non-recyclable waste in our daily life. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，我们应该学会把可回收垃圾和不可回收垃圾分开。separate“分开”，动词；“learn to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“学会做某事”。 36．To ________(减少) white pollution, we’d better use cloth bags when we go shopping. 【答案】reduce 【详解】句意：为减少白色污染，我们购物时最好使用布袋。“减少”此处对应reduce。 37．The green wall helps prevent the ________ (土壤) from being washed away by rain. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：绿色防护墙有助于防止土壤被雨水冲走。根据中文提示可知，此处应填soil，不可数名词。 38．The remote control for the TV doesn’t work—it needs two new ________ (电池). 【答案】batteries 【详解】句意：电视遥控器坏了——它需要两节新电池。根据中文提示“电池”可知，此处应填名词battery；又因空前有数词two，故应用复数形式batteries。 39．________ (根据) to the weather report, there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 【答案】According 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，明天将有大雨。表示“根据”的短语是“according to”，因为在句首，首字母大写。 40．Since we have made the promise, we should keep our word and never ________ (违背) it. 【答案】break 【详解】句意：既然我们许下了诺言，就应该信守承诺，绝不违背。根据汉语提示可知，违背为break，与句中keep为并列成分，因此break应保持原形。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 41．We need s________ to make the world greener. 【答案】solutions/olutions 【详解】句意：我们需要对策来让世界变得更环保。根据“We need ... to make the world greener”和首字母可知，此处指让世界变得更环保的对策，solution意为“解决办法、对策”，此处用复数表泛指，应填solutions。 42．Trees help to c________ the air around us. 【答案】clean 【详解】句意：树木有助于净化我们周围的空气。此处表达树木对空气的作用，常见表达为“净化”空气，对应单词为clean，固定搭配help to do sth.“帮助做某事”，to后需接动词原形，故填clean。 43．Using reusable bags is a good way to reduce p________ . 【答案】pollution/ollution 【详解】句意：使用可重复使用的袋子是减少污染的好方法。根据“Using reusable bags”及首字母p可知，此处表示“污染”，应用名词pollution；reduce pollution意为“减少污染”，符合语境。故填pollution。 44．People should d________ waste into different kinds. 【答案】divide/ivide 【详解】句意：人们应该把垃圾分成不同的种类。 “divide…into…”是固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”，情态动词should后接动词原形，结合语境和首字母d，divide符合语法和语义要求。 45．Turn off the lights to save e________ when you leave the room. 【答案】energy/nergy 【详解】句意：当你离开房间的时候请关灯，以节约能源。“Turn off the lights to save...”可知，关灯是为了节约某种资源，结合首字母“e”可知，空格处需用energy，为不可数名词。应填energy。 46．The factory is trying to produce new e________ products to cut down pollution. 【答案】eco-friendly/co-friendly/environmental/nvironmental 【详解】句意：这家工厂正努力生产新型环保产品来减少污染。句中结合后半句“to cut down pollution（减少污染）”的语境，可判断此处需填写表示“环保的”含义的单词。结合首字母e，应填“eco-friendly/environmental”，为常用形容词，修饰后面的名词。 47．Too much light p________ at night is harmful to our sleep and wildlife. 【答案】pollution/ollution 【详解】句意：夜间过多的光污染对我们的睡眠和野生动物有害。根据句中的“light （光）”以及“harmful to our sleep and wildlife（对我们的睡眠和野生动物有害）”，结合首字母提示“p”，可判断此处需填入表示“污染”的名词，“pollution”意为“污染”，为不可数名词，“light pollution”即“光污染”，符合语境及语法要求。 48．Computers have greatly a________ students’ learning methods since they were introduced into school. 【答案】affected/ffected 【详解】句意：自从电脑被引入学校以来，它们极大地影响了学生的学习方式。根据首字母a及语境可知，此处表示电脑对学生学习方法的影响，affected意为“影响”，句子时态为现在完成时，have后接动词的过去分词。 49．The online course offers different l________ of difficulty, suitable for beginners and skilled learners. 【答案】levels/evels 【详解】句意：这门在线课程提供不同难度的等级，适合初学者和有经验的学习者。根据首字母l及“suitable for beginners and skilled learners.”可知，此处指不同难度的等级，levels意为“等级；水平”，different后接可数名词复数。 50．It is w________ to save water and electricity in daily life. 【答案】wise/ise 【详解】句意：在日常生活中节约水和电是明智的。根据句子结构来看符合固定搭配“It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为做某事（对某人来说）怎么样，此处缺少形容词；再结合语境和首字母，填wise“明智的”符合题意，故填wise。 51．We bought fruit, snacks and drinks for the picnic, and they cost 120 yuan in t________. 【答案】total/otal 【详解】句意：我们为野餐买了水果、零食和饮料，总共花了120元。根据首字母提示和“cost 120 yuan”可知，此处表示“总共”，固定搭配in total意为“总共，合计”，故填total。 52．We must s________ waste into recyclable and non-recyclable groups. 【答案】separate/eparate 【详解】句意：我们必须将垃圾分类为可回收和不可回收两类。根据“waste into recyclable and non-recyclable groups”和首字母可知，此处表示“分开、分类”，separate...into...是固定短语，意为“把……分成……”；情态动词must后接动词原形。 53．We can save e________ by using energy-saving lights at home. 【答案】energy/nergy/electricity/lectricity 【详解】句意：我们可以通过在家里使用节能灯来节约能源/电。根据首字母提示和“by using energy-saving lights at home”可知，此处表示使用节能灯可以节约能源或节约电，energy“能源”或electricity“电”符合语境。 54．—Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries? —One of the c________ is that his works give us a closer look at history. 【答案】causes/auses 【详解】句意：——你能解释为什么杜甫的作品几个世纪以来一直受欢迎吗？——其中一个原因是他的作品让我们更近距离地了解历史。句中“one of the + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“……之一”；根据“Can you explain why Du Fu’s works have been popular for centuries?”并结合首字母c可知，这里指原因，所以此处应填表示“原因”的复数名词causes。 55．Mr. Green has c________ for several days, so his doctor advises him to give up smoking. 【答案】coughed/oughed 【详解】句意：格林先生已经咳嗽好几天了，所以他的医生建议他戒烟。 句子是现在完成时，结构为“has + 过去分词”；结合语境“give up smoking”和首字母c，此处需要表示“咳嗽”，coughed是cough的过去分词，符合时态和语法要求。 56．If you are against the rules, the teacher will p________ you. 【答案】punish/unish 【详解】句意：如果你违反规则，老师就会惩罚你。根据首字母提示“p”以及句意可知，此处表示“惩罚”。动词punish“惩罚”符合语境，且空前有will，空处应用动词原形。 57．Now waste from daily life in our city Zhenjiang is required to be s________ into different groups. 【答案】separated/eparated 【详解】句意：现在，我们镇江市要求将日常生活中的垃圾进行分类。结合首字母s以及常用表达be separated into可知，这里应填separated，表示将垃圾进行分类。 58．Mount Qomolangma reaches a height of about 29,029 feet above sea l________. 【答案】level/evel 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰海拔约29029英尺。根据“Mount Qomolangma”以及“a height of about 29,029 feet”可知，此处指“海拔”，结合首字母l，“sea level”意为“海拔、海平面”。 59．You will be p________ by the traffic police if you park your car in the wrong place. 【答案】punished/unished 【详解】句意：如果你把车停在错误的地方，你会被交警处罚。主语You和动词punish是被动关系，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词，punish的过去分词是punished。 60．When you do the laundry, you should s________ the white clothes from the colored ones to avoid color running. 【答案】separate/eparate 【详解】句意：当你洗衣服的时候，你应该把白色衣服和有颜色的衣服分开，以防止串色。根据“the white clothes from the colored ones to avoid color running”以及首字母s可推测，这里表示“分开、分隔”。separate...from...意为“把……和……分开”，且should后面接动词原形，所以填separate。 61．It is a good habit to t________ off the tap while brushing teeth. 【答案】turn/urn 【详解】句意：刷牙时关掉水龙头是一个好习惯。本句是固定句型：It is+ 名词+to do sth；turn off固定搭配，意为“关闭（水龙头、电器等）”。 62．Please r________ the empty bottles instead of throwing them away. 【答案】recycle/ecycle 【详解】句意：请回收空瓶子，而不是把它们扔掉。根据首字母r和语境，本句为祈使句，please后用动词原形，recycle表示“回收利用”，符合句意。故填recycle。 63．The d________ of new energy cars is a key step to a greener world. 【答案】development/evelopment 【详解】句意：新能源汽车的发展是迈向更绿色世界的关键一步。根据句意以及首字母“d”，可知这里应填development，表示“发展”，the development of...表示“……的发展”，符合语境。结合“is”可知，用其单数形式。 64．We should r________ waste paper and plastic to save natural resources. 【答案】recycle/ecycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收废纸和塑料来节约自然资源。根据句中的“waste paper and plastic（废纸和塑料）”以及“save natural resources（节约自然资源）”，结合首字母提示“r”，可判断此处需填入表示“回收利用”的动词，“recycle”意为“回收利用、循环使用”，情态动词“should”后接动词原形。 65．If you don’t slow down, you’ll hit the t________ of the stairs and get hurt. 【答案】top/op 【详解】句意：如果你不放慢速度，就会撞到楼梯的顶端从而受伤。结合首字母t和句意可知，不减速就会撞到楼梯的顶端，the top of the stairs表示“楼梯的顶端”，符合语义。 66．If you want to c________ empty plastic bottles, you can put them into the special recycling bin in the community. 【答案】collect/ollect 【详解】句意：如果你想收集空塑料瓶，你可以把它们放入社区里的专用回收箱。该处需一个动词，在句中作want的宾语（与to构成动词不定式）；“empty plastic bottles”及后句“recycling bin”提示语义与“收集”相关；“want to”要求使用动词原形。结合首字母“c”，故填collect。 67．We should plant more trees to prevent the s________ from being washed away by rain. 【答案】soil/oil 【详解】句意：我们应该种植更多的树木以防止土壤被雨水冲走。根据句意及首字母提示，此处需填写名词作宾语，soil意为“土壤”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 68．My parents are always s________ with me, and they ask me to finish my greenthemed homework on time every day. 【答案】strict/trict 【详解】句意：我的父母总是对我要求严格，他们要求我每天按时完成绿色主题的作业。根据首字母提示和“My parents are always…with me”可知，be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”，形容词strict符合语境。 69．Sam b________ the promise to keep the secret, and now his friend doesn’t trust him. 【答案】broke/roke 【详解】句意：山姆违背了保守秘密的承诺，现在他的朋友不再信任他了。结合首字母提示b和后半句“now his friend doesn’t trust him”，可以推断出山姆违背了保守秘密的承诺，固定短语break the promise意为“违背承诺”。 “违背承诺”是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。 70．Our hotel provides the highest l________ of service to make your stay unforgettable. 【答案】level/evel 【详解】句意：我们酒店提供最高水平的服务，让您的入住难忘。根据首字母提示和“the highest...of service”可知，此处表示最高水平的服务，level“水平”符合语境，the highest level of“最高水平的”。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分30分 71．We ________ (recycle) paper and bottles every day. 【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们每天回收纸张和瓶子。根据时间标志词every day可知句子为一般现在时，主语We是复数，谓语动词用原形。 72．Factories must stop ________ (pour) waste into rivers. 【答案】pouring 【详解】句意：工厂必须停止往河里倒废弃物。stop doing sth表示“停止做某事”，应用动名词pouring作宾语。 73．Don’t ________ (throw) rubbish everywhere in the park. 【答案】throw 【详解】句意：不要在公园里到处扔垃圾。句子为否定祈使句，结构为“Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他”，因此此处使用动词原形throw。 74．The government ________ (make) many laws to stop pollution so far. 【答案】has made 【详解】句意：到目前为止，政府已经制定了许多法律来制止污染。 时间状语“so far（到目前为止）”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“The government”为单数，助动词用has；动词make的过去分词为made。 75．Look! The students ________ (plant) trees along the street. 【答案】are planting 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在沿街植树。标志词Look!表示此刻正在进行的动作，句子用现在进行时，结构为be + 动词-ing形式；主语The students为复数，be动词用are，动词plant的-ing形式为planting，故填are planting。 76．Everyone should ________ (learn) how to protect the environment. 【答案】learn 【详解】句意：每个人都应该学会如何保护环境。情态动词“should”后需接动词原形learn。 77．Trees can help keep the air clean by ________ (take) in CO₂ and producing oxygen. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：树木可以通过吸收二氧化碳和产生氧气来帮助保持空气清洁。take“拿，取，吸收”，是动词。“by”是介词，后面需要接动名词形式作为宾语，表示通过某种方式或手段。故填taking。 78．It aims ________ (highlight) the importance of environmental protection. 【答案】to highlight 【详解】句意：它旨在强调环境保护的重要性。 aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”，动词highlight应使用不定式形式to highlight。 79．Many experts believe that more wild animals ________ (protect) in the nature reserve in the near future. 【答案】will be protected 【详解】句意：许多专家认为，在不久的将来，自然保护区里会有更多的野生动物得到保护。时间状语“in the near future”表明句子用一般将来时；主语“more wild animals”与谓语动词“protect”之间是被动关系，表示动物被保护，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”；“protect”的过去分词是“protected”。 80．The Sahara is one of the world’s biggest ________ (desert). 【答案】deserts 【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠之一。desert意为“沙漠”，是可数名词。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”，因此应用复数形式deserts。 81．If you ________ (invite) to the party, you should bring a small gift. 【答案】are invited 【详解】句意：如果你被邀请参加派对，你应该带一件小礼物。本句为“if”引导的条件状语从句；主句含情态动词“should”时，从句用一般现在时；主语“you”和动词“invite”是被动关系，结构为“be+过去分词”，第二人称主语搭配be动词“are”，“invite”的过去分词是“invited”。 82．If a student cheats in the exam, he or she ________ (punish) by the school. 【答案】will be punished 【详解】句意：如果学生在考试中作弊，他/她将会被学校惩罚。句中if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时；主语he or she与动词punish之间为被动关系，需使用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”，punish的过去分词为punished，故填will be punished。 83．Some traditional jobs ________ (replace) by an AI robot in the future. 【答案】will be replaced 【详解】句意：未来，一些传统工作将被人工智能机器人取代。主语“Some traditional jobs”与动词“replace”之间为被动关系，时间状语“in the future”提示用一般将来时，因此使用一般将来时的被动语态“will be+过去分词”，replace的过去分词为replaced，故填will be replaced。 84．—How long can the ________ (battery) keep these smart phones working? —For about ten hours. 【答案】batteries 【详解】句意：——这些电池能让这些智能手机工作多长时间？——大约十小时。battery意为“电池”，是可数名词。句末these smart phones说明对应的电池不可能只有一块，需用复数形式batteries。 85．She ________ (cough) a lot during the meeting this morning because of a bad cold. 【答案】coughed 【详解】句意：因为重感冒，她今天早上在会议期间咳嗽得很厉害。时间状语this morning表示过去，句子用一般过去时；cough的过去式为coughed。 86．The ________ (important) of protecting wetlands is taught in our school. 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：保护湿地的重要性在我们学校被传授。此处位于定冠词The之后、介词of之前，需用名词，important的名词形式是importance。 87．If we don’t take action now, more and more wild animals ________ (lose) their homes in 10 years. 【答案】will lose 【详解】句意：如果我们现在不采取行动，十年后越来越多的野生动物将失去家园。句中“If”引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，表示将来可能发生的情况，故填will lose。 88．Hundreds of old trees ________ (plant) in the park by volunteers every spring. 【答案】are planted 【详解】句意：每年春天，志愿者们都会在公园里种植数百棵老树。主语Hundreds of old trees与plant之间是被动关系，且时间状语every spring表示经常性动作，需用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，故用are planted。 89．It is very important for us ________ (learn) how to sort garbage correctly. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：对我们来说，学会正确地进行垃圾分类是非常重要的。句子“It is very important for us…how to sort garbage correctly.”提示，It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.意为“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，固定句型，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，learn“学习”，动词，此处要用动词learn的不定式形式to learn。 90．The new factory promises that it will not produce ________ (harm) gases to pollute the air. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：这家新工厂承诺不会产生有害气体污染空气。句中“gases”为名词，需要用形容词修饰，结合“pollute the air”可知，此处使用“harm”的形容词形式 harmful，意为“有害的”。 91．My mind wasn’t on what the Chemistry teacher ________ (say) just now, so I’m afraid I missed a lot. 【答案】was saying 【详解】句意：我的心思刚才没在化学老师说的内容上，所以恐怕我错过了很多。句中“just now”和前面的“wasn’t on”提示动作是过去正在进行，应用过去进行时，过去进行时结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”，主语“the Chemistry teacher”为单数，故be动词用was，say的现在分词为saying。 92．Besides Madame Curie, do you know any other ________ (woman) scientists? 【答案】women 【详解】句意：除了居里夫人，你还知道其他的女科学家吗？当woman作定语修饰名词时，需根据被修饰词的单复数同步变化；本句中被修饰的名词scientists为复数，因此woman需同步变为复数形式women。 93．We hope more money ________ (raise) to help the sick children next year. 【答案】will be raised 【详解】句意：我们希望明年能筹集更多资金来帮助患病儿童。句中“next year”表示将来，raise是动词，表示“筹集”，“money”和raise是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态will be raised。故填will be raised。 94．The government makes laws ________ (stop) people from polluting the river. 【答案】to stop 【详解】句意：政府制定法律阻止人们污染这条河。stop sb. from doing sth.是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，stop是动词，此处用其不定式to stop，作目的状语。 95．The members of the Eco Club were busy ________ (hand) out the leaflets to students. 【答案】handing 【详解】句意：环保俱乐部的成员们正忙着给学生们分发传单。hand out意为 “分发、发放”，hand out leaflets 即 “分发传单”；根据固定搭配be busy doing sth.，意为 “忙于做某事”。 句中were busy后接动词时，必须使用动名词（-ing 形式）。 96．If we all make great efforts to stop wasting food, we can make a ________ (different)! 【答案】difference 【详解】句意：如果我们都努力去杜绝浪费食物，我们就能带来巨大的改变 。different“不同的”，形容词，不定冠词a后必须接可数名词单数，different的名词形式为difference。 97．The city park needs better ________ (manage) to stay clean and beautiful. 【答案】management 【详解】句意：城市公园需要更好的管理来保持干净美丽。句中“better”为形容词good的比较级，后面需要接名词，manage的名词形式为management，意为 “管理”。 98．His speech was very ________ (influence) and changed many people’s minds. 【答案】influential 【详解】句意：他的演讲非常有影响力，改变了许多人的想法。句中was后需用形容词作表语，influence是名词/动词，其形容词形式为influential，意为“有影响力的”。 99．Scientists __________ (worry) that there will be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050. 【答案】are worried 【详解】句意：科学家们担心，到2050年，海洋里的塑料会比鱼还多。根据句子表达的是科学家们目前的一种担忧，是客观事实或现阶段的状态，所以要用一般现在时。主语是复数名词 Scientists，因此应使用系动词are加上形容词worried构成系表结构，表示“感到担心”，所以填are worried。 100．Raw meat and cooked meat should always be stored in the fridge ________ (separate). 【答案】separately 【详解】句意：生肉和熟肉应当一直分开存放在冰箱中。空格处需要用副词修饰动词stored，作状语，separate的副词形式是separately“分开地”。故填separately。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $