Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元主题阅读理解20篇（紧贴新教材）-2024-2025学年六年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制2024）

2024-2025学年一线2024-2025学年一线教师制作新教材同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2024-2025学年一线2024-2025学年一线教师制作新教材同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元主题阅读理解20篇（紧贴新教材） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练7篇 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。 There are many famous teachers in history. One of them is Aristotle. He was a great philosopher and scientist. He was born in 384 BC in Greece. He was a student of Plato. He taught many students and his ideas had a great influence on Western thought. 1．Aristotle was from ________. A．China B．Canada C．Greece D．the US 2．Aristotle was a student of ________. A．Confucius B．Socrates C．Plato D．Cai Yuanpei 3．When was Aristotle born? A．In 384 BC． B．In 469 BC． C．In 551 BC． D．In 399 BC． 4．What was Aristotle? A．A teacher. B．A scientist. C．A philosopher. D．All of the above. 5．Aristotle’s ideas had a great influence on ________ thought. A．Eastern B．Western C．Northern D．Southern 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍古希腊先哲，古代著名哲学家、科学家和教育家之一的亚里士多德。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was born in 384 BC in Greece.”可知，亚里士多德来自希腊。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“He was a student of Plato.”可知，亚里士多德是柏拉图的学生。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“He was born in 384 BC in Greece.”可知，他于公元前384年出生。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“There are many famous teachers in history. One of them is Aristotle. He was a great philosopher and scientist.”可知，亚里士多德是著名哲学家、科学家和教育家之一。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“He taught many students and his ideas had a great influence on Western thought.”可知，亚里士多德的思想对西方思想产生了巨大的影响。故选B。 During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕国) wanted to get talented people to work for him. When he asked a scholar (有学问的人) named Guo Wei for some suggestions, Guo told him the story of buying horse bones (尸体) with 500 pieces of gold. There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called swift horse (千里马). He sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him. After three years, nobody found him such a horse. One day, someone new volunteered to help. Within three months, he heard about a swift horse. He rushed to find it, but the horse was already dead. Still, he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. The king was very angry. “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead horse!” The man answered calmly, “Imagine this, you are willing to pay a high price for a dead horse, let alone (更不必说) a live one. This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” That was true. Within a year, many swift horses owners brought their horses to the king. Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. “If I am valued, more talented people will be willing to serve the state,” he said. The king built houses for Guo and treated him as a respected teacher. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Guo tell the story to King Zhao? A．To show the way to find talented people. B．To bring his horse to King Zhao. C．To make himself a teacher. D．To ask King Zhao think highly of him. 2．How much did the bones of the horse cost? A．Priceless. B．1000 yuan. C．500 pieces of gold. D．500 dollars 3．How did the King feel after the man bought the bones of the dead horse? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Anxious. D．Confused. 4．What may be the end of the story? A．No talented people came to help the king. B．The state of Yan became strong soon. C．King Zhao bought horse bones with 500 pieces of gold. D．Many swift owners brought their horses to King Zhao. 5．Where can we find the text? A．A storybook. B．A travel guide. C．A sports magazine. D．A poster. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了战国时期郭隗用千里马的故事告诉燕昭王招纳贤才的办法。 1．推理判断题。根据文中“The man answered calmly, ‘Imagine this, you are willing to pay a high price for a dead horse, let alone (更不必说) a live one. This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.’…”和“If I am valued, more talented people will be willing to serve the state”可知，郭把这个故事告诉燕昭王是为了告诉他如何找到有才华的人，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Still, he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold.”可知，他用500块金子买了马的骨头，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“The king was very angry.”可知，听到那人买了那匹死马的骨头后，国王非常生气，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. ‘If I am valued, more talented people will be willing to serve the state,’ he said. The king built houses for Guo and treated him as a respected teacher.”可推测，燕昭王招纳了很多有才华的人，燕国很快就强大起来，故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文讲述了战国时期郭隗用千里马的故事告诉燕昭王招纳贤才的办法，所以这篇文章能在故事书中找到，故选A。 Hi, my name is Lionel Messi. I was born in 1987. I’m 170 cm tall. I look very strong. I love sports and I’m a football player. I’m good at running and playing football. I come from Argentina and now I play for FC Barcelona. My number is 10 now. I play football every day. I have a happy family. There are six members in my family: my parents, my two brothers, a sister and I. When I was five years old, I began to play football. But after playing it for several years, I got ill and Barcelona helped me. I’m thankful (感激的) to Barcelona. Now I play for this club and I don’t want to leave (离开) it. My beautiful dream has come true. Now I’m the hero of many young students. I have many fans in the world. They all like me and my games. 1．What is Messi good at? A．Basketball. B．Volleyball. C．Football. D．Tennis. 2．Which club does Messi play for now? A．FC Barcelona. B．Manchester. C．Liverpool. D．Milan. 3．How many members are there in Messi’s family? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Why doesn’t Messi want to leave his club? A．Because he can get much money. B．Because he can play football every day. C．Because his brothers are the members of this club too. D．Because he’s thankful to this club. 5．Which one is NOT true about Messi? A．He was born in 1987. B．His number is 10 now. C．He began to play football at 8. D．He has lots of fans in the world. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍职业足球运动员——利昂内尔·梅西。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’m good at running and playing football.”可知，梅西擅长足球。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I come from Argentina and now I play for FC Barcelona.”可知，现在，梅西为巴塞罗那足球俱乐部效力。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are six members in my family: my parents, my two brothers, a sister and I.”可知，梅西家有6口人。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I’m thankful (感激的) to Barcelona. Now I play for this club and I don’t want to leave (离开) it.”可知，梅西不想离开俱乐部的原因是因为他感谢这个俱乐部。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was born in 1987.”以及“My number is 10 now.”可知，A项和B项正确；根据第三段中的“I have many fans in the world.”可知，D项正确；根据第二段中的“When I was five years old, I began to play football.”可知，C项错误。故选C。 Kong Rong was a famous writer during the Han Dynasty (汉朝). He was considerate (体贴的) when he was only four. Kong had five elder brothers and a younger brother. One day, their father bought lots of pears. Some of the pears were big and looked good. Some were small and didn’t look so good. The boys were happy and began to choose (选择) some. Kong chose the smallest one. Kong’s father found this strange and asked, “Why not choose a bigger one, my son?” Kong answered, “I am younger. My elder brothers are older and eat more. They should take the bigger ones.” “But you have a younger brother. He should take the smallest one!” “He is younger and needs more nutrition (营养). He should get a bigger one, too.” Kong’s father was very happy that Kong could be so considerate. He didn’t think of what he himself wanted. He thought of what others wanted first. 1．What was Kong Rong? A．A writer. B．A painter. C．A player. D．A teacher. 2．How many kids were there in Kong Rong’s family? A．2 B．5 C．7 D．8 3．Why did Kong Rong choose the smallest pear? A．Because he couldn’t eat a big one. B．Because he wanted his brothers to eat the big ones. C．Because he liked the small ones. D．Because the big apples were bad. 4．How did Kong Rong’s father feel about this thing? A．happy B．sad C．selfish (自私的) D．confident 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the story? A．Kong Rong lived in the Tang Dynasty. B．Kong Rong was the youngest boy in his family. C．Kong Rong’s brothers were selfish. D．Kong Rong was kind. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了孔融让梨的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Kong Rong was a famous writer during the Han Dynasty (汉朝).”可知，孔融是一个作家。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kong had five elder brothers and a younger brother.”可知，孔融有五个哥哥和一个弟弟，因此他家一共有七个孩子。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I am younger. My elder brothers are older and eat more. They should take the bigger ones”以及第四段中的“He is younger and needs more nutrition (营养). He should get a bigger one, too.”可知，孔融想让兄弟们吃大的梨，所以自己选了最小的梨。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Kong’s father was very happy that Kong could be so considerate.”可知，孔融的父亲对此感到非常高兴。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He didn’t think of what he himself wanted. He thought of what others wanted first.”可知，孔融首先想到了别人想要什么，所以应该是一个善良的人。故选D。 Do you know Pan Zhanle? He’s a great swimmer! He is a young swimmer from China. He was born on 4 August 2004 in Wenzhou, Zhejiang. From a very young age, Pan loved swimming and worked hard to become very good at it. He usually practises swimming in the pool for hours. Pan Zhanle always tries his best in the swimming competitions. ▲ In the 2024 Paris Olympics, Pan showed everyone he did well in swimming. On the early morning of 1 August, Pan raced in the men’s 100-metre freestyle final (自由泳决赛). He swam hard and fast from the beginning to the end. In the end, he won first place and created a new world record of 46.40 seconds (秒)! This was an inspiring moment! All the Chinese cheered for him. He also became the first Chinese swimmer to win this event. People all over China were very happy and proud of him. Pan’s victory is a great example for young people. It means that if you really like doing something and try your best to do it, you can achieve your goals. Now, people call him the “Chinese Flying Fish” because he swims so fast. 1．How old is Pan Zhanle? A．17 years old. B．19 years old. C．21 years old. D．23 years old. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．He hopes to fight for his family. B．He wants to win medals for his country. C．He couldn’t join in the 2024 Paris Olympics. D．He thinks he swims slowly in competitions. 3．What does the underlined word “inspiring” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Interesting. B．Exciting. C．Unhappy. D．Challenging. 4．Why do people call Pan Zhanle the “Chinese Flying Fish”? A．He can swim very fast. B．He can't live without water. C．He is the first swimmer in China. D．He wins in the 200 metre freestyle final. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．An Important Fish B．A New World Record C．An Amazing Swimmer D．A Wonderful Competition 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国优秀游泳运动员潘展乐的相关事迹，包括他的基本信息、游泳成就以及他的胜利对年轻人的激励意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was born on 4 August 2004 in Wenzhou, Zhejiang.”以及当前时间2025年可知，潘展乐1岁。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Pan Zhanle always tries his best in the swimming competitions.”以及后文“In the 2024 Paris Olympics, Pan showed everyone he did well in swimming.”可知，可知此处应体现他努力比赛的动机。选项B“他想为自己的国家赢得奖牌。”符合语境，能体现他努力比赛的动力。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“He swam hard and fast from the beginning to the end. In the end, he won first place and created a new world record of 46.40 seconds (秒)!”可知，这是一个令人激动的时刻，故划线单词与exciting意思相近。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Now, people call him the ‘Chinese Flying Fish’ because he swims so fast.”可知，人们这么称呼他是因为他游泳速度快。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了中国游泳运动员潘展乐的成长经历、在比赛中的出色表现以及取得的成就，重点突出了他作为一名优秀游泳运动员的形象。选项C“一位令人惊叹的游泳运动员”能够很好地概括文章主旨。故选C。 Li Shizhen was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (草药) and medications and cured people. His father was a doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial examination (殿试). When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be a medical official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Hospital. Even though he realized his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲目》. He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book came out officially. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 1．What was Li Shizhen’s grandfather? A．An official. B．A farmer. C．A doctor. D．A writer. 2．What did Li Shizhen’s father want his son to do? A．To be a doctor. B．To be a writer. C．To be a prince. D．To be an official. 3．In the 4th paragraph, the underlined word “cured” means ________. A．made him dead B．made him healthy C．made him worse D．made him beautiful 4．According to the passage, what is the biggest contribution (贡献) from Li in history? A．Working for the court. B．The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C．His long traveling. D．Curing a lot of people. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Li Shizhen’s life. B．Li Shizhen’s grandfather’s life. C．Li Shizhen’s father’s life. D．Li Shizhen’s book. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了《本草纲目》的作者李时珍的生平事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据“Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors.”，可知李时珍的父亲和祖父都是医生。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政).”，可知李时珍的父亲希望他从政。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据下文“and was invited to be a medical official in that court (宫廷)”（并被邀请到宫廷做医官），可推知划线处表示“他治好了楚王的儿子”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲目》. He spent 27 years writing the book.”（李时珍因著《本草纲目》而闻名。他花了27年写这本书。）和“It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.”（这是一本非常成功的书。现在它仍然是中国最重要的医学书籍之一。），可知他最大的贡献是写出了《本草纲目》。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了《本草纲目》的作者李时珍的生平事迹。故选A。 There is a boy named Kuang Heng. He was born in a poor (出生在贫困的) family so he doesn’t have enough money (足够的钱) to go to school. Kuang Heng likes reading books very much, but he has to work during (在……期间) the day. He can only read books during the night. But he has no money to buy a candle. So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book. He always feels sad (难过的). One day, he finds that his neighbour has candles, but the man lives next to his house and the light (光) from the candles can’t go through (通过) his wall. Then an idea comes to him. “I can make a hole (洞) in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine,” he says to himself. From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out. Finally, he becomes a great scholar (学者). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why does it often take Kuang Heng half a month to finish reading a book? A．Because he isn’t a fast reader. B．Because he doesn’t love reading at all. C．Because he doesn’t have time at night. D．Because he has no money to buy candles. 2．Kuang Heng makes a hole in his wall to _______. A．show he is good at reading B．read with his neighbour’s light C．ask his neighbour to read with him D．take his neighbour’s candles away 3．How may Kuang Heng feel when he has the idea? A．Tired. B．Bored. C．Happy. D．Sad. 4．What can we infer about Kuang Heng from the passage? A．His parents don’t want him to go to school. B．He loves reading and he finds every way to do it. C．He asks his neighbour to keep the light on every night. D．His neighbour is not happy when he knows about the hole. 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．No Money to Read B．A Kind Neighbour C．Candles Are Important D．Read Through the Hole 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文讲的是匡衡通过墙上的洞借光来读书的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“He can only read books during the night. But he has no money to buy a candle. So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book.”可知，匡衡常常要花半个月才能读完一本书是因为他没钱来买蜡烛。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“I can make a hole (洞) in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine,”可知，匡衡在墙上挖了个洞，借着邻居的灯看书。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“I can make a hole (洞) in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine,”可知，匡衡想到了这个点子，应该感到很高兴。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Finally, he becomes a great scholar (学者).”以及匡衡通过挖洞借光来看书一事可以推测，他喜欢读书，并且想尽了一切办法来读书。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章讲的是匡衡通过墙上的洞借光来读书的故事，因此选项D为最佳标题。故选D。 进阶拓展训练7篇 In the Warring States Period (战国时期), the State of Qin had a fight with the State of Zhao. Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui— the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended (推荐) himself. And he made the king of Chu send the army to help successfully. Zhao was safe. From then on, Mao Sui became a well-known hero of the state. One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate. It was such a simple job that all the people thought Shang was joking. Then he added 40 more gold pieces. A man moved it and he really got 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang’s new laws later. Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers (书法家) during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped. One day, Wang Xizhi wrote in wood for an engraver (雕刻师) to cut. Then the engraver found the ink had penetrated (渗透) one centimeter into the wood. Now “Ru Mu San Fen” is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views. 1．Where did Mao Sui come from according to this passage? A．The State of Qin. B．The State of Zhao. C．The State of Chu. D．The EasternJin Dynasty. 2．Why did the people of Qin follow Shang Yang’s new laws? A．They believed in Shang Yang. B．They were afraid of Shang Yang. C．Shang Yang gave them gold pieces. D．They thought Shang was joking. 3．What is “Ru Mu San Fen” often used to describe now? A．A man of his word. B．Sharp ideas or useful views. C．The most famous calligraphers. D．A well-known hero of the state. 4．What does the second story’s Chinese meaning? A．商鞅变法 B．毛遂自荐 C．南辕北辙 D．立木取信 5．Which is Not True according to the passage? A．Shang Yang carried out his new laws in the State of Qin. B．Zhao was safe because of Mao Sui. C．Shang Yang was a man of his word. D．Wang Xizhi was a famous calligrapher during Qin Dynasty. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了三个故事：毛遂自荐、立木取信和入木三分。 1．细节理解题。根据“Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui—the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended (推荐) himself.”可知，毛遂来自赵国，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang’s new laws later.”可知，秦国人民相信商鞅是一个言出必行的人，所以他们都遵循商朝的新法律。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Now ‘Ru Mu San Fen’ is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views.”可知，“入木三分”经常用来形容尖锐的思想或有用的观点。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate....After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang’s new laws later.”可知，第二故事是关于“立木取信”，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers (书法家) during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China.”可知，王羲之是东晋著名的书法家，不是秦朝的，因此D项与原文不符，故选D。 ①The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Spring and Autumn Period (时期). ②Boya was good at playing guqin. One day, he was playing music on his way home on the boat. To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music. After a long talk, they became good friends. Since Boya had to return, they agreed to meet again in the next year. ③However, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died. Boya felt very sad. He took out his guqin and played again the music when they first met. After playing the music, he said, “My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.” Then he broke his guqin into pieces. From then on Boya never played again. ④People in the Song Dynasty (朝代) built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang (now Wuhan, Hubei) to remember the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local (当地的) culture. ⑤Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period. The famous Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit (峰会) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also showed China’s wishes to develop its friendship with people from around the world. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did Boya feel when he found Ziqi could understand his music? A．Excited. B．Satisfied. C．Surprised. D．Relaxed. 2．Why did Yu Boya stop playing guqin after Zhong Ziqi’s death? A．Because Yu Boya broke his guqin into pieces. B．Because Yu Boya was too sad about his friend’s death. C．Because Yu Boya was too old to play guqin as well as before. D．Because Yu Boya thought nobody could understand his music like Ziqi. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in the passage refer to (指的是)? A．The Guqin Tai. B．The Song Dynasty. C．The friendship between Boya and Ziqi. D．The new development of zhiyin culture. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．We should help our friends when they are in trouble. B．It’s good to have a true friend who really understands you. C．It’s necessary for everyone to learn how to play an instrument. D．We should make friends with people who are good at playing music. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“知音”这个词的由来以及战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music.”可知，伯牙对子期能听懂他的音乐感到很惊讶。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.”可知，伯牙不再弹琴是因为他认为没有人能像子期那样能听懂他的音乐。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“People in the Song Dynasty (朝代) built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang (now Wuhan, Hubei) to remember the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi.”可知，此处的“It”指的是在汉阳建造的古琴台。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。阅读全文可知，第①段介绍了“知音”一词的含义，第②③段通过俞伯牙和钟子期的故事，介绍了“知音”一词的来源，最后两段介绍了知音文化的形成以及它的新发展。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了“知音”这个词的由来以及战国时期俞伯牙和钟子期的故事，告诉我们，知音难求，有一个真正理解你的朋友很好。故选B。 Do you like reading stories? Do you read The Ugly Duckling or The Little Mermaid? Do you know the writer of these great stories? It’s Andersen, a Dane (丹麦人). ▲ In 1805, Andersen was born in a poor family in Denmark. As a young boy, Andersen was tall, ugly and had a very big nose. His friends always laughed at him. Even worse, little Andersen needed to make money by himself after his father died in 1816. When he was 17, he met a manager (经理) of a theatre. With the manager’s help, Andersen went back to school. He had to study with children younger than him. It was there that he began writing. His first storybook became popular and successful when it came out in 1835. The struggles of life helped him write many stories. With beautiful words and a wild imagination, his stories could always win children’s hearts. Children could feel his kindness and love in his stories. The poor ugly boy from Denmark soon became more and more famous, just like the ugly duckling turned into a beautiful swan. Today, children from different countries still read his books. In Denmark, there is a statue (雕像) of the little mermaid to remember the great writer—Andersen. 1．Who helped Andersen go back to school? A．His friends. B．A manager. C．His father. D．A little mermaid. 2．When did Andersen’s first book come out? A．In 1805. B．In 1816. C．In 1822. D．In 1835. 3． Which sentence can be put into ▲ ? A．In real life, Andersen was like an ugly duckling. B．Andersen wrote many stories in his early life. C．Andersen helped many children to go to school. D．In his life, Andersen had many good friends. 4．What does the underlined word “struggles” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Happiness. B．Successes. C．Mistakes. D．Difficulties. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Andersen began writing when he was eleven years old. B．All the people around the world like Andersen’s music. C．Andersen’s life was not easy but he still had a good heart. D．Andersen was ugly and he wanted to become handsome. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了安徒生的成长故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“With the manager’s help, Andersen went back to school.”可知，是一位剧院经理帮助他回到学校的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“His first storybook became popular and successful when it came out in 1835.”可知，他的第一本书在 1835年出版。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“In 1805, Andersen was born in a poor family in Denmark. As a young boy, Andersen was tall, ugly and had a very big nose.”可知，这段主要讲的是安徒生的真实家庭和长相还有家庭变故。选项A“在现实生活中，安徒生就像一只丑小鸭。”符合语境。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“The struggles of life helped him write many stories.”结合前文讲述了安徒生活经历中遭受到的困难可知，“struggle”意为“难事”。故选D。 5．细节理解题。通过阅读全文和“With beautiful words and a wild imagination, his stories could always win children’s hearts. Children could feel his kindness and love in his stories. The poor ugly boy from Denmark soon became more and more famous, just like the ugly duckling turned into a beautiful swan.”可知，安徒生的生活非常不容易，但是他仍然有一颗善良的心，孩子们可以在他的故事中感受到他的善良和爱。故选C。 Liu Xiang-trained to be the best in the world! For Liu Xiang, life as a sports hero began in 2004. First, he was invited to competitions around the world. Then he was chosen for the Chinese team at the Athens Olympic Games and won a gold medal. Liu Xiang was not a successful sportsman at first. He was born in Shanghai on 13th July 1983, and started training when he was very young. In Grade 4, he went to the Sports School of Putuo District of Shanghai. Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. In 1998, Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. who later became his coach. In 2001 a special programme was set up to help young sportsmen and sportswomen. Liu Xiang was among them. His races were recorded, and he was compared with the world’s best sports stars. Sun Haiping used the information to change his training methods for Liu Xiang. In May 2001. Liu Xiang won his first international 110m hurdles race in Japan. In 2004, he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race, and at the same time broke the Olympic Games record. It was also the first time an Olympic gold medal for hurdling was hung round the neck of a sportsperson from an Asian country. Liu Xiang trained very hard. In fact, he trained so hard that he hurt his foot. From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up. Though he missed some competitions, he still returned to first place in the world 110m hurdles race in 2012. It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games. But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take great pride in him. 1．When did Liu Xiang start training? A．In 1983. B．When he was in Grade 4. C．In 1998. D．In 2001. 2．What happened to Liu Xiang in 2004? A．His ability in hurdling was noticed. B．He won his first international 110m hurdles race. C．He was chosen for the Athens Olympics and won a gold medal. D．A special programme was set up to help him. 3．What does the underlined word “suffered” in the sentence “From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up.” mean? A．Got benefits. B．Face the pain or difficulty. C．Enjoyed himself. D．Gave up easily. 4．Please arrange the following events in the correct order. ① Liu Xiang won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race. ② Liu Xiang was born in Shanghai. ③ Liu Xiang was encouraged to train for the high jump. ④ Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. ⑤ Liu Xiang won his first international 110m hurdles race in Japan. A．②③④⑤① B．②④③⑤① C．③②④⑤① D．②③⑤④① 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce the development of the 110-meter hurdles in China. B．To show the hard-training process of a successful athlete. C．To tell the story of Liu Xiang’s rise to fame and his challenges. D．To emphasize the role of a coach in an athlete’s career. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了刘翔从训练到成为世界冠军的历程，以及他在运动生涯中遇到的挑战和取得的成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was born in Shanghai on 13th July 1983, and started training when he was very young. In Grade 4, he went to the Sports School of Putuo District of Shanghai.”可知，刘翔在四年级时开始接受训练。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Then he was chosen for the Chinese team at the Athens Olympic Games and won a gold medal.”可知，2004年刘翔被选入中国代表团参加雅典奥运会并获得了金牌。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up.”中的“suffered”一词，结合上下文可以推断出他经历了脚伤的痛苦和困难。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容，事件发生的顺序为：②刘翔出生（1983年）→③刘翔被鼓励训练跳高（四年级）→④刘翔的跨栏能力被孙海平发现（1998年）→⑤刘翔在日本赢得首个国际110米栏比赛（2001年）→①刘翔为中国赢得首个奥运会110米栏金牌（2004年）。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了刘翔从训练到成为世界冠军的历程，以及他在运动生涯中遇到的挑战和取得的成就。因此，文章的主旨是讲述刘翔的成名故事及其面临的挑战。故选C。 A long time ago, there were no elephants in China. One day, a Chinese emperor received (收到) an elephant as a present from another country. People were very glad to see this big animal. Everyone was curious (好奇的) about it and had a question: How much does it weigh (重)? But there was a problem: how to weigh it? At that time, no scales (称) in China could weigh such a big animal. The emperor had a six-year-old son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” The ministers didn’t believe the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you do,” said the boy. “Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平). Then bring the boat to the shore and let the elephant off. Gather (收集) a lot of big stones. Put the stones on the boat until the boat sinks (沉) to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. Add up the weight of each stone. Now you know how much the elephant weighs.” “Wonderful! Wonderful!” shouted the ministers. 1．Which picture can be the illustration (插图) for this passage? A． B． C． D． 2．Why couldn’t they weigh the elephant at first? A．Because the elephant was too big for people to move. B．Because people were not strong enough at that time. C．Because there were no scales that was big enough. D．Because the ministers didn’t believe Cao Chong. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The elephant. B．The emperor. C．The minister. D．Cao Chong’s idea. 4．Which of the following is in the RIGHT order (排序)? ① Let the elephant off near the shore.        ② Put the stones on the boat. ③ Let the elephant stand in a big boat and draw a line.    ④ Weigh the stones and add the weight. A．①④②③ B．①②④③ C．③①②④ D．③②①④ 5．What do you think of Cao Chong? A．Clever. B．Curious. C．Happy. D．Wonderful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲的是曹冲称象的故事。 1．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是曹冲称象的故事。图片A“曹冲称象”能概括出文章的主要内容，可以作为这篇文章的插图。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“At that time, no scales (称) in China were big enough to weigh such a big animal.”可知，在那时，中国没有这么大的秤来称如此大的动物。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据上文“But after he told them his idea,”及结合下文“a good one”可知，此处指的是他们都觉得这个想法是好的，it指代上文提到的his idea，即曹冲的想法。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level…Now you know how much the elephant weighs.’”可知，他的想法是：让大象站在水上的大船上。在船舷的水位处画一条线。然后让大象下船。收集很多大石头。把石头放在船上，直到船下降到相同的水位。然后把石头从船上拿出来，一块一块地称。将每块石头的重量放在一起，就是大象的重量。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Wonderful! Wonderful!’ shouted the ministers.”可知，曹冲称象的想法获得大臣们的称赞，结合文中内容，无人能够想出办法称出大象的重量而曹冲想出来了，并且获得了大臣们的称赞。由此推断，曹冲是一个聪明的孩子。故选A。 About 500 years ago in China, there was a traveller（旅行者）. He spent 30 years traveling across China. His name is Xu Xiake.     Xu Xiake was from Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He made a wish then. He wanted to see them when he grew up.     At that time, many children studied hard to become officials（官员）. Xu’s father never made him take exams（考试）. He let his son go out and discover（探索） the world. Xu began to travel when he was about 20 years old. Before he left, his mother made him a hat for the traveling.     Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and discovered over 350 caves（洞穴）. Xu was the first person to find the Yellow Mountain. And he discovered the Yangtze River’s headwater.     Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the wild（野外）. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu was brave and he always enjoyed traveling. He kept a diary while traveling and the book Travel Diary of Xu Xiake is still popular today! 1．Xu Xiake spent ________ years traveling. A．20 B．500 C．30 D．21 2．What did Xu Xiake enjoy when he was a child? A．Reading. B．Taking exams. C．Climbing mountains. D．Traveling 3．When did Xu Xiake start to travel? A．When he was about thirty. B．When he was about twenty. C．When he was about twenty-one. D．When he was about twenty-two. 4．Where did Xu Xiake sleep when he traveled? A．In the wild. B．In his house. C．In the sleeping bag. D．In the hole（洞穴）. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Travel Diary of Xu Xiake B．A Cool Traveler in China C．A Story of Xu Xiake’s Family D．A Famous Writer of China 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位中国很酷的旅行者——徐霞客周游中国的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“He spent 30 years traveling across China. His name is Xu Xiake.”可知徐霞客花了30年时间周游中国。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers”可知当徐霞客还是个孩子的时候, 他喜欢读关于中国山水的书。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Xu began to travel when he was about 20 years old..”可知徐在20岁左右开始旅行。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“He slept and ate in the wild（野外）”可知徐霞客旅行时睡在野外。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文，根据“About 500 years ago in China, there was a traveller（旅行者）. He spent 30 years traveling across China. His name is Xu Xiake.”可知本文主要讲述了一个中国很酷的旅行者——徐霞客的故事。故最佳标题应为“一个中国很酷的旅行者”。故选B。 Mencius (孟子) was born in Shandong Province in about 372 BC． He is a great thinker (思想家). He had no father when he was very young, so his mother lived with him alone. His mother loved him, but she was also strict. When he made mistakes (错误), his mother usually criticized him and let him know his mistakes. There was a very famous story about them and almost every Chinese knows it. When he was a child, his mother took him to move three times (次) to give him a good living environment (生活环境). Finally, they lived near a school. There Mencius learned a lot. He had a lot of ideas and many of them are useful (有用的) and important for people today. For example, all people in the world are friendly when they were born in his eyes. Why were his ideas so important? Because people use them in many ways in everyday life. And students need to learn some of them in school. As a great man in Chinese history, we should learn a lot from him and know about him and his ideas. 1．Where was Mencius born? A．In Henan Province. B．In Shandong Province. C．In Jiangsu Province. D．In Anhui Province. 2．Who did Mencius live with when he was young? A．His mother. B．His father. C．His grandmother. D．His grandfather. 3．What does the underlined (划线的) word “criticized” in Paragraph (段落) 2 mean in Chinese? A．表扬 B．离开 C．批评 D．采访 4．What did Mencius think of all people in the world? A．Friendly. B．Bad. C．Funny. D．Interesting. 5．The purpose (目的) of the last paragraph is to ________. A．show (说明) Mencius is famous in the world B．let people use Mencius’ ideas in their life C．show Mencius’ ideas are important D．let people learn from Mencius and learn about his ideas 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了孟子。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mencius (孟子) was born in Shandong Province in about 372 BC”可知，孟子出生在山东省，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“He had no father when he was very young, so his mother lived with him alone.”可知，小时候孟子和母亲在一起生活，故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“When he made mistakes (错误), his mother usually criticized him and let him know his mistakes”可知，孟子犯错了，他的母亲会让他知道自己的错误，这是通过批评实现的，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“For example, all people in the world are friendly when they were born in his eyes.”可知，世界上所有的人在他眼中出生时都是友好的。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“As a great man in Chinese history, we should learn a lot from him and know about him and his ideas.”可知，作者在最后一段想让我们学习孟子，学习他的思想。故选D。 能力综合实践6篇 Tea to the Chinese is like coffee to the Americans. It’s something that they can’t live without. Today, China has many kinds of tea: white, yellow, green, oolong, black, and dark tea. When we talk about tea culture, we can’t miss an important person Lu Yu. He was the first person to be called “Tea Doctor”, because he wrote the first book about tea—The Classic of Tea (《茶经》). Lu was born in 733 and lived in the Tang Dynasty. As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple (寺庙) and studied there including boiling (煮) tea. When he was thirteen, Jingling Prefect (太守) Li Qiwu not only gave him books but also lead him to learn from a famous teacher. He learned a lot about tea there. At the age of 21, Lu started to study different kinds of tea so he travelled around to look for tea. To study tea picking and making skills well, Lu Yu lived in a temple to collect, check, study and read books about tea. Finally, he wrote a great book—The Classic of Tea with the help of his friend. 1．How many kinds of tea are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 2．Why was Lu Yu called the first “Tea Doctor”? A．Because he liked drinking tea very much. B．Because he taught people how to boil tea. C．Because he wrote the first book about tea. D．Because he made friends with Liu Qiwu. 3．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ①Lu Yu wrote The Classic of Tea. ②Lu Yu started to study different kinds of tea. ③Lu Yu studied boiling tea in Longgai Temple. ④Lu Yu became a student of a famous teacher. A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．③④②① D．④②③① 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Many Chinese people like drinking tea in their daily lives. B．All Americans like drinking coffee in their daily lives. C．Lu Yu was born in 733 and lived in the Song Dynasty. D．Lu Yu finished writing The Classic of Tea alone. 5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Chinese Tea Culture. B．Lu Yu and his friends. C．The Classic of Tea. D．The life of Lu Yu. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的茶文化和茶圣陆羽。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, China has many kinds of tea：white, yellow, green, oolong, black, and dark tea.”可知，中国有很多种茶：白茶、黄茶、绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶和黑茶。所以第一段总共提到6种茶，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“He was the first person to be called ‘Tea Doctor’, because he wrote the first book about tea— The Classic of Tea.”可知，陆羽是第一个被称为“茶医”的人是因为他写了第一本关于茶的书，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple and studied there including boiling tea.（作为一个无家可归的孩子，他住在龙盖寺，并在那里学习，包括煮茶。）”、“When he was thirteen, Jingling Prefect Li Qiwu not only gave him books but also lead him to learn from a famous teacher.（当他十三岁的时候，竟陵太守李齐物不仅给了他书，还带他去师从一位著名的老师。）”、“At the age of 21, Lu started to study different kinds of tea（21岁时，陆开始研究不同种类的茶）”和“Finally, he wrote a great book–The Classic of Tea with the help of his friend.（最后，在朋友的帮助下，他写了一本伟大的书——《茶经》。）”可知，正确的顺序是③④②①，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Tea to the Chinese is like coffee to the Americans. It’s something that they can’t live without.”可知，许多中国人在日常生活中喜欢喝茶，故选A。 5．段落大意题。根据最后一段信息可知，本段主要介绍了陆羽从出生，到后来研究茶文化，以及写出《茶经》，因此本段主要介绍了陆羽的一生，故选D。 In every family, a man must join the army (军队). Mulan was a young girl in a village in China and decided to join the army because her father was old and her brother was still a child. Mulan cut off her long hair and rode a horse to join the army. After a few years, Mulan became the leader (领导者) of the army. Not long after that, Mulan was ill. When the doctor came out of Mulan’s camp, he knew the truth (真相). Just then, there was a war! Many people lost their lives or got hurt in the anti-huns (对抗匈奴) war and Mulan saved the country in that war. After that, no one said that Mulan couldn’t be a leader. The Emperor (皇帝) was so excited. When the long war was over, he said, “Mulan, stay with me here. Someone as clever as you would be of great help to our country.” “You are too kind,” she said. “But I really want to go home and stay with my family.” Then Mulan went back to her village. Everyone was happy to see that she was safe. 1．Where did Mulan come from? A．A mountain. B．A town. C．A city. D．A village. 2．When did the doctor know that Mulan was a girl? A．When Mulan was worried. B．When Mulan was tired. C．When Mulan was ill. D．When Mulan was asleep. 3．What does the underlined word “war” mean in Chinese? A．战争 B．争执 C．比赛 D．矛盾 4．Why didn’t Mulan want to stay with the Emperor? A．Because she was a woman. B．Because she wanted to go back home. C．Because the Emperor was strict. D．Because she didn’t like the army. 5．What did the Emperor think of Mulan according to the passage? A．Smart. B．Lucky. C．Silly. D．Strange. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了木兰从军的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Then Mulan went back to her village.”可知，木兰来自于一个村庄。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Not long after that, Mulan was ill. When the doctor came out of Mulan’s camp, he knew the truth (真相).”可知，不久之后，木兰病了。当医生从木兰的营地出来时，他知道了真相，即知道了木兰是一位女子。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Many people lost their lives or got hurt in the anti-huns (对抗匈奴) war”可知，这是一场与匈奴之间的战争，因此划线部分意为“战争”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘But I really want to go home and stay with my family.’ Then Mulan went back to her village.”可知，木兰很想回家和家人待在一起。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Mulan, stay with me here. Someone as clever as you would be of great help to our country.”可知，皇帝认为木兰很聪明。故选A。 Confucius was a great teacher and thinker in Chinese history. He was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu. The state of Lu is in today’s Shandong. In 521 BC, he started his school and taught about 3,000 students, and many of them were great thinkers, too. Chinese celebrate (庆祝) Confucius’ birthday every year. Why do we still love him after so many years? That’s because his ideas help us in our everyday lives. He asks us to be kind to others. He also asks us to be honest (诚实的) and have good manners (礼仪). Confucius studies music, math, literature (文学), and some other things. He has many ideas to teach his students how to study well. Confucius says brothers and sisters should love each other. The young should look after the old. Everyone should be strict (严格的) with themselves, but kind to others. These ideas are always welcome in China. People in many other places around the world welcome them, too. They think his ideas can make the world a better place. We should learn from the great thinker. 1．When did Confucius start his school? A．At 25 years old. B．At 30 years old. C．At 35 years old. D．At 40 years old. 2．Why do we celebrate Confucius’ birthday every year? A．Because his ideas help us today. B．Because he is honest. C．Because he is kind to others. D．Because he loves his family. 3．What does Confucius ask the young to do in Paragraph 3? A．Love their children. B．Work hard at school. C．Look after the old. D．Be strict with others. 4．Which sentence shows Confucius’ idea of having good friends? A．Wisdom begins in wonder. B．Review the old and learn the new. C．Learning without thinking is of no use. D．Isn’t it a joy to have friends from afar? 5．What would be the best title of the passage? A．Celebrate Confucius’ birthday B．Welcome to China C．Learn from Confucius D．Be kind to others 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国伟大的教育家和思想家——孔子，同时作者建议大家应该向这位伟大的思想家学习。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu. The state of Lu is in today’s Shandong. In 521 BC, he started his school...”可知，孔子出生于公元前551年，他开办学校的时间为公元前521年，所以当时他的年龄为30岁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Chinese celebrate Confucius’ birthday every year. Why do we still love him after so many years? That’s because his ideas help us in our everyday lives.”可知，我们每年都庆祝孔子诞辰是因为他的思想对我们很有帮助。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The young should look after the old.”可知，孔子要求年轻人应该照顾老人。故选C。 4．推理判断题。Wisdom begins in wonder.“智慧始于好奇”；Review the old and learn the new.“温故而知新”；Learning without thinking is of no use.“学而不思则罔”；Isn’t it a joy to have friends from afar?“有朋自远方来不亦乐乎”，D选项表达内容与交友有关。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Confucius was a great teacher and thinker in Chinese history.”和“We should learn from the great thinker.”可知，本文主要介绍了孔子的思想并建议大家应向其学习，C选项符合文意，故选C。 Zhang Dingyu ,the doctor of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, leads over 600 doctors and nurses fighting (斗争) against the Novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎) which makes hundreds of people lose (失去) their families and lives. When Zhang with over 600 doctors and nurses was fighting against the disease (疾病), his strange way of walking surprised his workmates. Then he told his workmates that he was ill with ALS (渐冻症) in October 2018. ALS is a disease that stops the connection (连接) between brain (大脑) and body. People with ALS become partially paralyzed (瘫痪的).While he was working with handicapped (残疾的) legs, his wife got the Novel coronavirus after working in another hospital. The bad news made him very sad, so he cried for the first time after the virus broke out. Zhang could only find time to visit his wife until three days after she was sent to the hospital. But he could only stay there for 30 minutes. Luckily, the good news came that his wife got better ten days later. Zhang went to many areas with Chinese medical teams. Three days after the earthquake (地震) hit Sichuan Province in 2005, Zhang went to the city with his medical team members to help people there. “Life is always short. I need to do more to finish the things that I want to do, then I would leave without too many regrets (后悔).” Zhang said. “We are at the center of a storm, so we need to give all we have to help our city and our Wuhan people,” Zhang said. 1．What is Novel coronavirus pneumonia? A．It is a disease, and Zhang dingyu got it in October 2018. B．It is a disease, and it stops the connection between brain and body. C．It is a disease, and it makes hundreds of people lose their lives in central China’s Hubei Province. D．It is a disease, and it makes people become partially paralyzed leading to respiratory failure. 2．What is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu? A．His workmates knew his disease in October 2018. B．His wife worked in the same hospital as him. C．He helped people in earthquakes in Sichuan. D．He cried because the virus broke out. 3．What does the phrase broke out mean? A．损坏 B．结束 C．爆发 D．散发 4．What does Zhang Dingyu mean in the last paragraph? A．He wants to make his dream come true. B．He has no ways to help people in Wuhan. C．He has too many regrets. D．He wants to live longer in the world. 5．This passage mainly talks about _________. A．Zhang Dingyu’s story of fighting against the Novel coronavirus pneumonia B．Zhang Dingyu’s story with his wife C．How to stop the Novel coronavirus pneumonia D．Zhang Dingyu’s story with his workmates 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了武汉金银潭医院院长张定宇抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的感人事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“the Novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎) which makes hundreds of people lose (失去) their families and lives.”可知，新型冠状病毒肺炎是一种疾病，会导致数百人失去生命，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Three days after the earthquake (地震) hit Sichuan Province in 2008, Zhang went to the city with his medical team members to help people there.”可知，张定宇帮助了四川的地震灾民，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“his wife got the Novel coronavirus after working in another hospital. The bad news made him very sad, so he cried for the first time after the virus broke out.”可知，他的妻子在另一家医院工作后感染了新型冠状病毒。这个坏消息让他非常难过，所以他在疫情爆发后第一次哭了。故推测划线部分“broke out”意为“爆发”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“‘Life is always short. I need to do more to finish the things that I want to do, then I would leave without too many regrets (后悔) .’”以及“ ‘We are at the center of a storm, so we need to give all we have to help our city and our Wuhan people,’ ”可知，他想要做更多的事情来帮助城市和武汉人民。故推知，他希望实现自己的梦想。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是张定宇抗击新冠肺炎的故事。故选A。 Marco Polo was a traveler (旅行者). He traveled on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) at the age of 17. He traveled from Italy (意大利) to China and saw many new things. The days were very hot and the nights were cold. It was a difficult road to travel, but Polo believed in himself. At the age of 21, Polo met the ruler (统治者) of China. He lived in China for the next seventeen years. Polo returned to Italy when he was 41. He met the writer Rustichello. Rustichello wrote a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. Many people knew the story of Polo by reading this book. Polo lived to the age of 70. You can still see his house in Italy today. 1．When did Marco start traveling? A．At the age of 17. B．At the age of 21. C．At the age of 41. D．At the age of 70. 2．What was the weather like during the trip from Italy to China? A．Bad. B．Fine. C．Snowy. D．Warm. 3．Who wrote the book named The Travels of Marco Polo? A．Kublai Khan. B．Marco Polo. C．Rustichello. D．Mo Yan. 4．What is the right order (顺序) of the following events (事件)? a. Polo returned to Italy. b. Marco Polo met the ruler of China. c. Polo had a hard time on the Silk Road. d. Marco Polo met the writer of The Travels of Marco Polo. A．a-b-c-d B．a-c-b-d C．b-a-c-d D．c-b-a-d 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Great Traveler B．An Old Country C．A Bad Ruler D．A Funny Story 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了旅行家Marco Polo的旅行经历及其著作《马可·波罗游记》的创作背景。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He traveled on the Silk Road at the age of 17.”可知，Marco Polo是在17岁时开始旅行的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“The days were very hot and the nights were cold.”可知，白天很热，夜晚很冷，由此可推断天气不好。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rustichello wrote a book called The Travels of Marco Polo.”可知，Rustichello写了《马可·波罗游记》这本书。故选C。 4．细节理解题。通读全文，根据第一段“It was a difficult road to travel, but Polo believed in himself. At the age of 21, Polo met the ruler (统治者) of China.”和第二段“Polo returned to Italy when he was 41. He met the writer Rustichello”可知，事件发生的顺序依次是：Marco Polo在丝绸之路上的旅行很艰难，见到了中国的统治者，然后返回意大利，和《马可·波罗游记》的作者见面。因此正确的顺序是c-b-a-d，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了旅行家Marco Polo，A选项“伟大的旅行家”为最佳标题。故选A。 Welcome back to the Tang Dynasty (唐朝). There are so many famous poets (著名诗人). Do you want to know them? Here are three of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. Hello, everyone, I’m Li Bai. I like drinking and writing poetry (诗). Many people call me “Poet Immortal (诗仙)”. I think you surely know my poem Jing Ye Si. If not, you may not listen carefully in your Chinese class. I have many friends, such as Du Fu and Meng Haoran. We all love writing poetry. Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai. I’m 11 years younger than Li Bai. I love writing poems about nature (自然) people and life. Chun Ye Xi Yu is one of my most famous poems. I write poems to record (记录) the real life and true feelings (感受) of poor people. So people call me “Poet-Sage (诗圣)”. Li Bai and I are good friends. I write poems as gifts for him. I am Meng Haoran. I’m 12 years older than Li Bai. I love nature and often write poems about rivers, mountains, and the beauty (美好) of life. People call me a “Poet of Nature” because of this. The poem Chun Xiao is one of my most famous poems. Both Li Bai and I love poetry and the beauty of nature. So we are good friends. 1．What do people call Li Bai? A．Poet-Sage. B．Poet Ghost. C．Poet Immortal. D．Poet of Nature. 2．Which of the following is Li Bai’s poem? A．Yong Liu. B．Jing Ye Si. C．Chun Xiao. D．Chun Ye Xi Yu. 3．What are Du Fu’s poems about? A．The beauty of life. B．Rivers and mountains. C．Drinking and traveling. D．Nature, people and life. 4．Why do Li Bai and Meng Haoran become good friends? A．They are both poets. B．They both like drinking. C．They love the same things. D．They live in the same place. 5．What do we know about the three poets? A．They are all good friends. B．Meng Haoran is the oldest (年龄最大的) of the three. C．They are the most famous poets in China. D．Li Bai often gets poems from Meng Haoran 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了唐朝三位著名诗人：李白、杜甫和孟浩然。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hello, everyone, I’m Li Bai. I like drinking and writing poetry (诗). Many people call me ‘Poet Immortal (诗仙)’.”可知，李白被称为“诗仙”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“I think you surely know my poem Jing Ye Si.”可知《静夜思》是李白的诗歌。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Hi, I’m Du Fu, ... I love writing poems about nature (自然), people and life”可知，杜甫的诗歌主题是自然、人和生活。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Both Li Bai and I love poetry and the beauty of nature. So we are good friends.”可知，李白和孟浩然因为对诗歌和大自然的共同热爱而成为朋友。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“I am Meng Haoran. I’m 12 years older than Li Bai.”和“Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai. I’m 11 years younger than Li Bai.”可知，杜甫比李白小，孟浩然比李白年长，孟浩然是三人中最年长的。故选B。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线2024-2025学年一线教师制作新教材同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2024-2025学年一线2024-2025学年一线教师制作新教材同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元主题阅读理解20篇（紧贴新教材） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练7篇 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。 There are many famous teachers in history. One of them is Aristotle. He was a great philosopher and scientist. He was born in 384 BC in Greece. He was a student of Plato. He taught many students and his ideas had a great influence on Western thought. 1．Aristotle was from ________. A．China B．Canada C．Greece D．the US 2．Aristotle was a student of ________. A．Confucius B．Socrates C．Plato D．Cai Yuanpei 3．When was Aristotle born? A．In 384 BC． B．In 469 BC． C．In 551 BC． D．In 399 BC． 4．What was Aristotle? A．A teacher. B．A scientist. C．A philosopher. D．All of the above. 5．Aristotle’s ideas had a great influence on ________ thought. A．Eastern B．Western C．Northern D．Southern During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕国) wanted to get talented people to work for him. When he asked a scholar (有学问的人) named Guo Wei for some suggestions, Guo told him the story of buying horse bones (尸体) with 500 pieces of gold. There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called swift horse (千里马). He sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him. After three years, nobody found him such a horse. One day, someone new volunteered to help. Within three months, he heard about a swift horse. He rushed to find it, but the horse was already dead. Still, he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. The king was very angry. “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead horse!” The man answered calmly, “Imagine this, you are willing to pay a high price for a dead horse, let alone (更不必说) a live one. This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” That was true. Within a year, many swift horses owners brought their horses to the king. Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. “If I am valued, more talented people will be willing to serve the state,” he said. The king built houses for Guo and treated him as a respected teacher. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Guo tell the story to King Zhao? A．To show the way to find talented people. B．To bring his horse to King Zhao. C．To make himself a teacher. D．To ask King Zhao think highly of him. 2．How much did the bones of the horse cost? A．Priceless. B．1000 yuan. C．500 pieces of gold. D．500 dollars 3．How did the King feel after the man bought the bones of the dead horse? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Anxious. D．Confused. 4．What may be the end of the story? A．No talented people came to help the king. B．The state of Yan became strong soon. C．King Zhao bought horse bones with 500 pieces of gold. D．Many swift owners brought their horses to King Zhao. 5．Where can we find the text? A．A storybook. B．A travel guide. C．A sports magazine. D．A poster. Hi, my name is Lionel Messi. I was born in 1987. I’m 170 cm tall. I look very strong. I love sports and I’m a football player. I’m good at running and playing football. I come from Argentina and now I play for FC Barcelona. My number is 10 now. I play football every day. I have a happy family. There are six members in my family: my parents, my two brothers, a sister and I. When I was five years old, I began to play football. But after playing it for several years, I got ill and Barcelona helped me. I’m thankful (感激的) to Barcelona. Now I play for this club and I don’t want to leave (离开) it. My beautiful dream has come true. Now I’m the hero of many young students. I have many fans in the world. They all like me and my games. 1．What is Messi good at? A．Basketball. B．Volleyball. C．Football. D．Tennis. 2．Which club does Messi play for now? A．FC Barcelona. B．Manchester. C．Liverpool. D．Milan. 3．How many members are there in Messi’s family? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Why doesn’t Messi want to leave his club? A．Because he can get much money. B．Because he can play football every day. C．Because his brothers are the members of this club too. D．Because he’s thankful to this club. 5．Which one is NOT true about Messi? A．He was born in 1987. B．His number is 10 now. C．He began to play football at 8. D．He has lots of fans in the world. Kong Rong was a famous writer during the Han Dynasty (汉朝). He was considerate (体贴的) when he was only four. Kong had five elder brothers and a younger brother. One day, their father bought lots of pears. Some of the pears were big and looked good. Some were small and didn’t look so good. The boys were happy and began to choose (选择) some. Kong chose the smallest one. Kong’s father found this strange and asked, “Why not choose a bigger one, my son?” Kong answered, “I am younger. My elder brothers are older and eat more. They should take the bigger ones.” “But you have a younger brother. He should take the smallest one!” “He is younger and needs more nutrition (营养). He should get a bigger one, too.” Kong’s father was very happy that Kong could be so considerate. He didn’t think of what he himself wanted. He thought of what others wanted first. 1．What was Kong Rong? A．A writer. B．A painter. C．A player. D．A teacher. 2．How many kids were there in Kong Rong’s family? A．2 B．5 C．7 D．8 3．Why did Kong Rong choose the smallest pear? A．Because he couldn’t eat a big one. B．Because he wanted his brothers to eat the big ones. C．Because he liked the small ones. D．Because the big apples were bad. 4．How did Kong Rong’s father feel about this thing? A．happy B．sad C．selfish (自私的) D．confident 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the story? A．Kong Rong lived in the Tang Dynasty. B．Kong Rong was the youngest boy in his family. C．Kong Rong’s brothers were selfish. D．Kong Rong was kind. Do you know Pan Zhanle? He’s a great swimmer! He is a young swimmer from China. He was born on 4 August 2004 in Wenzhou, Zhejiang. From a very young age, Pan loved swimming and worked hard to become very good at it. He usually practises swimming in the pool for hours. Pan Zhanle always tries his best in the swimming competitions. ▲ In the 2024 Paris Olympics, Pan showed everyone he did well in swimming. On the early morning of 1 August, Pan raced in the men’s 100-metre freestyle final (自由泳决赛). He swam hard and fast from the beginning to the end. In the end, he won first place and created a new world record of 46.40 seconds (秒)! This was an inspiring moment! All the Chinese cheered for him. He also became the first Chinese swimmer to win this event. People all over China were very happy and proud of him. Pan’s victory is a great example for young people. It means that if you really like doing something and try your best to do it, you can achieve your goals. Now, people call him the “Chinese Flying Fish” because he swims so fast. 1．How old is Pan Zhanle? A．17 years old. B．19 years old. C．21 years old. D．23 years old. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．He hopes to fight for his family. B．He wants to win medals for his country. C．He couldn’t join in the 2024 Paris Olympics. D．He thinks he swims slowly in competitions. 3．What does the underlined word “inspiring” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Interesting. B．Exciting. C．Unhappy. D．Challenging. 4．Why do people call Pan Zhanle the “Chinese Flying Fish”? A．He can swim very fast. B．He can't live without water. C．He is the first swimmer in China. D．He wins in the 200 metre freestyle final. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．An Important Fish B．A New World Record C．An Amazing Swimmer D．A Wonderful Competition Li Shizhen was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (草药) and medications and cured people. His father was a doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial examination (殿试). When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be a medical official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Hospital. Even though he realized his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲目》. He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book came out officially. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 1．What was Li Shizhen’s grandfather? A．An official. B．A farmer. C．A doctor. D．A writer. 2．What did Li Shizhen’s father want his son to do? A．To be a doctor. B．To be a writer. C．To be a prince. D．To be an official. 3．In the 4th paragraph, the underlined word “cured” means ________. A．made him dead B．made him healthy C．made him worse D．made him beautiful 4．According to the passage, what is the biggest contribution (贡献) from Li in history? A．Working for the court. B．The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C．His long traveling. D．Curing a lot of people. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Li Shizhen’s life. B．Li Shizhen’s grandfather’s life. C．Li Shizhen’s father’s life. D．Li Shizhen’s book. There is a boy named Kuang Heng. He was born in a poor (出生在贫困的) family so he doesn’t have enough money (足够的钱) to go to school. Kuang Heng likes reading books very much, but he has to work during (在……期间) the day. He can only read books during the night. But he has no money to buy a candle. So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book. He always feels sad (难过的). One day, he finds that his neighbour has candles, but the man lives next to his house and the light (光) from the candles can’t go through (通过) his wall. Then an idea comes to him. “I can make a hole (洞) in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine,” he says to himself. From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out. Finally, he becomes a great scholar (学者). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why does it often take Kuang Heng half a month to finish reading a book? A．Because he isn’t a fast reader. B．Because he doesn’t love reading at all. C．Because he doesn’t have time at night. D．Because he has no money to buy candles. 2．Kuang Heng makes a hole in his wall to _______. A．show he is good at reading B．read with his neighbour’s light C．ask his neighbour to read with him D．take his neighbour’s candles away 3．How may Kuang Heng feel when he has the idea? A．Tired. B．Bored. C．Happy. D．Sad. 4．What can we infer about Kuang Heng from the passage? A．His parents don’t want him to go to school. B．He loves reading and he finds every way to do it. C．He asks his neighbour to keep the light on every night. D．His neighbour is not happy when he knows about the hole. 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．No Money to Read B．A Kind Neighbour C．Candles Are Important D．Read Through the Hole 进阶拓展训练7篇 In the Warring States Period (战国时期), the State of Qin had a fight with the State of Zhao. Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui— the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended (推荐) himself. And he made the king of Chu send the army to help successfully. Zhao was safe. From then on, Mao Sui became a well-known hero of the state. One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate. It was such a simple job that all the people thought Shang was joking. Then he added 40 more gold pieces. A man moved it and he really got 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang’s new laws later. Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers (书法家) during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped. One day, Wang Xizhi wrote in wood for an engraver (雕刻师) to cut. Then the engraver found the ink had penetrated (渗透) one centimeter into the wood. Now “Ru Mu San Fen” is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views. 1．Where did Mao Sui come from according to this passage? A．The State of Qin. B．The State of Zhao. C．The State of Chu. D．The EasternJin Dynasty. 2．Why did the people of Qin follow Shang Yang’s new laws? A．They believed in Shang Yang. B．They were afraid of Shang Yang. C．Shang Yang gave them gold pieces. D．They thought Shang was joking. 3．What is “Ru Mu San Fen” often used to describe now? A．A man of his word. B．Sharp ideas or useful views. C．The most famous calligraphers. D．A well-known hero of the state. 4．What does the second story’s Chinese meaning? A．商鞅变法 B．毛遂自荐 C．南辕北辙 D．立木取信 5．Which is Not True according to the passage? A．Shang Yang carried out his new laws in the State of Qin. B．Zhao was safe because of Mao Sui. C．Shang Yang was a man of his word. D．Wang Xizhi was a famous calligrapher during Qin Dynasty. ①The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Spring and Autumn Period (时期). ②Boya was good at playing guqin. One day, he was playing music on his way home on the boat. To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music. After a long talk, they became good friends. Since Boya had to return, they agreed to meet again in the next year. ③However, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died. Boya felt very sad. He took out his guqin and played again the music when they first met. After playing the music, he said, “My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.” Then he broke his guqin into pieces. From then on Boya never played again. ④People in the Song Dynasty (朝代) built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang (now Wuhan, Hubei) to remember the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local (当地的) culture. ⑤Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period. The famous Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit (峰会) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also showed China’s wishes to develop its friendship with people from around the world. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did Boya feel when he found Ziqi could understand his music? A．Excited. B．Satisfied. C．Surprised. D．Relaxed. 2．Why did Yu Boya stop playing guqin after Zhong Ziqi’s death? A．Because Yu Boya broke his guqin into pieces. B．Because Yu Boya was too sad about his friend’s death. C．Because Yu Boya was too old to play guqin as well as before. D．Because Yu Boya thought nobody could understand his music like Ziqi. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in the passage refer to (指的是)? A．The Guqin Tai. B．The Song Dynasty. C．The friendship between Boya and Ziqi. D．The new development of zhiyin culture. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．We should help our friends when they are in trouble. B．It’s good to have a true friend who really understands you. C．It’s necessary for everyone to learn how to play an instrument. D．We should make friends with people who are good at playing music. Do you like reading stories? Do you read The Ugly Duckling or The Little Mermaid? Do you know the writer of these great stories? It’s Andersen, a Dane (丹麦人). ▲ In 1805, Andersen was born in a poor family in Denmark. As a young boy, Andersen was tall, ugly and had a very big nose. His friends always laughed at him. Even worse, little Andersen needed to make money by himself after his father died in 1816. When he was 17, he met a manager (经理) of a theatre. With the manager’s help, Andersen went back to school. He had to study with children younger than him. It was there that he began writing. His first storybook became popular and successful when it came out in 1835. The struggles of life helped him write many stories. With beautiful words and a wild imagination, his stories could always win children’s hearts. Children could feel his kindness and love in his stories. The poor ugly boy from Denmark soon became more and more famous, just like the ugly duckling turned into a beautiful swan. Today, children from different countries still read his books. In Denmark, there is a statue (雕像) of the little mermaid to remember the great writer—Andersen. 1．Who helped Andersen go back to school? A．His friends. B．A manager. C．His father. D．A little mermaid. 2．When did Andersen’s first book come out? A．In 1805. B．In 1816. C．In 1822. D．In 1835. 3． Which sentence can be put into ▲ ? A．In real life, Andersen was like an ugly duckling. B．Andersen wrote many stories in his early life. C．Andersen helped many children to go to school. D．In his life, Andersen had many good friends. 4．What does the underlined word “struggles” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Happiness. B．Successes. C．Mistakes. D．Difficulties. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Andersen began writing when he was eleven years old. B．All the people around the world like Andersen’s music. C．Andersen’s life was not easy but he still had a good heart. D．Andersen was ugly and he wanted to become handsome. Liu Xiang-trained to be the best in the world! For Liu Xiang, life as a sports hero began in 2004. First, he was invited to competitions around the world. Then he was chosen for the Chinese team at the Athens Olympic Games and won a gold medal. Liu Xiang was not a successful sportsman at first. He was born in Shanghai on 13th July 1983, and started training when he was very young. In Grade 4, he went to the Sports School of Putuo District of Shanghai. Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. In 1998, Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. who later became his coach. In 2001 a special programme was set up to help young sportsmen and sportswomen. Liu Xiang was among them. His races were recorded, and he was compared with the world’s best sports stars. Sun Haiping used the information to change his training methods for Liu Xiang. In May 2001. Liu Xiang won his first international 110m hurdles race in Japan. In 2004, he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race, and at the same time broke the Olympic Games record. It was also the first time an Olympic gold medal for hurdling was hung round the neck of a sportsperson from an Asian country. Liu Xiang trained very hard. In fact, he trained so hard that he hurt his foot. From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up. Though he missed some competitions, he still returned to first place in the world 110m hurdles race in 2012. It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games. But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take great pride in him. 1．When did Liu Xiang start training? A．In 1983. B．When he was in Grade 4. C．In 1998. D．In 2001. 2．What happened to Liu Xiang in 2004? A．His ability in hurdling was noticed. B．He won his first international 110m hurdles race. C．He was chosen for the Athens Olympics and won a gold medal. D．A special programme was set up to help him. 3．What does the underlined word “suffered” in the sentence “From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up.” mean? A．Got benefits. B．Face the pain or difficulty. C．Enjoyed himself. D．Gave up easily. 4．Please arrange the following events in the correct order. ① Liu Xiang won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race. ② Liu Xiang was born in Shanghai. ③ Liu Xiang was encouraged to train for the high jump. ④ Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. ⑤ Liu Xiang won his first international 110m hurdles race in Japan. A．②③④⑤① B．②④③⑤① C．③②④⑤① D．②③⑤④① 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce the development of the 110-meter hurdles in China. B．To show the hard-training process of a successful athlete. C．To tell the story of Liu Xiang’s rise to fame and his challenges. D．To emphasize the role of a coach in an athlete’s career. A long time ago, there were no elephants in China. One day, a Chinese emperor received (收到) an elephant as a present from another country. People were very glad to see this big animal. Everyone was curious (好奇的) about it and had a question: How much does it weigh (重)? But there was a problem: how to weigh it? At that time, no scales (称) in China could weigh such a big animal. The emperor had a six-year-old son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” The ministers didn’t believe the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you do,” said the boy. “Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平). Then bring the boat to the shore and let the elephant off. Gather (收集) a lot of big stones. Put the stones on the boat until the boat sinks (沉) to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. Add up the weight of each stone. Now you know how much the elephant weighs.” “Wonderful! Wonderful!” shouted the ministers. 1．Which picture can be the illustration (插图) for this passage? A． B． C． D． 2．Why couldn’t they weigh the elephant at first? A．Because the elephant was too big for people to move. B．Because people were not strong enough at that time. C．Because there were no scales that was big enough. D．Because the ministers didn’t believe Cao Chong. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The elephant. B．The emperor. C．The minister. D．Cao Chong’s idea. 4．Which of the following is in the RIGHT order (排序)? ① Let the elephant off near the shore.        ② Put the stones on the boat. ③ Let the elephant stand in a big boat and draw a line.    ④ Weigh the stones and add the weight. A．①④②③ B．①②④③ C．③①②④ D．③②①④ 5．What do you think of Cao Chong? A．Clever. B．Curious. C．Happy. D．Wonderful. About 500 years ago in China, there was a traveller（旅行者）. He spent 30 years traveling across China. His name is Xu Xiake.     Xu Xiake was from Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He made a wish then. He wanted to see them when he grew up.     At that time, many children studied hard to become officials（官员）. Xu’s father never made him take exams（考试）. He let his son go out and discover（探索） the world. Xu began to travel when he was about 20 years old. Before he left, his mother made him a hat for the traveling.     Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and discovered over 350 caves（洞穴）. Xu was the first person to find the Yellow Mountain. And he discovered the Yangtze River’s headwater.     Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the wild（野外）. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu was brave and he always enjoyed traveling. He kept a diary while traveling and the book Travel Diary of Xu Xiake is still popular today! 1．Xu Xiake spent ________ years traveling. A．20 B．500 C．30 D．21 2．What did Xu Xiake enjoy when he was a child? A．Reading. B．Taking exams. C．Climbing mountains. D．Traveling 3．When did Xu Xiake start to travel? A．When he was about thirty. B．When he was about twenty. C．When he was about twenty-one. D．When he was about twenty-two. 4．Where did Xu Xiake sleep when he traveled? A．In the wild. B．In his house. C．In the sleeping bag. D．In the hole（洞穴）. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Travel Diary of Xu Xiake B．A Cool Traveler in China C．A Story of Xu Xiake’s Family D．A Famous Writer of China Mencius (孟子) was born in Shandong Province in about 372 BC． He is a great thinker (思想家). He had no father when he was very young, so his mother lived with him alone. His mother loved him, but she was also strict. When he made mistakes (错误), his mother usually criticized him and let him know his mistakes. There was a very famous story about them and almost every Chinese knows it. When he was a child, his mother took him to move three times (次) to give him a good living environment (生活环境). Finally, they lived near a school. There Mencius learned a lot. He had a lot of ideas and many of them are useful (有用的) and important for people today. For example, all people in the world are friendly when they were born in his eyes. Why were his ideas so important? Because people use them in many ways in everyday life. And students need to learn some of them in school. As a great man in Chinese history, we should learn a lot from him and know about him and his ideas. 1．Where was Mencius born? A．In Henan Province. B．In Shandong Province. C．In Jiangsu Province. D．In Anhui Province. 2．Who did Mencius live with when he was young? A．His mother. B．His father. C．His grandmother. D．His grandfather. 3．What does the underlined (划线的) word “criticized” in Paragraph (段落) 2 mean in Chinese? A．表扬 B．离开 C．批评 D．采访 4．What did Mencius think of all people in the world? A．Friendly. B．Bad. C．Funny. D．Interesting. 5．The purpose (目的) of the last paragraph is to ________. A．show (说明) Mencius is famous in the world B．let people use Mencius’ ideas in their life C．show Mencius’ ideas are important D．let people learn from Mencius and learn about his ideas 能力综合实践6篇 Tea to the Chinese is like coffee to the Americans. It’s something that they can’t live without. Today, China has many kinds of tea: white, yellow, green, oolong, black, and dark tea. When we talk about tea culture, we can’t miss an important person Lu Yu. He was the first person to be called “Tea Doctor”, because he wrote the first book about tea—The Classic of Tea (《茶经》). Lu was born in 733 and lived in the Tang Dynasty. As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple (寺庙) and studied there including boiling (煮) tea. When he was thirteen, Jingling Prefect (太守) Li Qiwu not only gave him books but also lead him to learn from a famous teacher. He learned a lot about tea there. At the age of 21, Lu started to study different kinds of tea so he travelled around to look for tea. To study tea picking and making skills well, Lu Yu lived in a temple to collect, check, study and read books about tea. Finally, he wrote a great book—The Classic of Tea with the help of his friend. 1．How many kinds of tea are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 2．Why was Lu Yu called the first “Tea Doctor”? A．Because he liked drinking tea very much. B．Because he taught people how to boil tea. C．Because he wrote the first book about tea. D．Because he made friends with Liu Qiwu. 3．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ①Lu Yu wrote The Classic of Tea. ②Lu Yu started to study different kinds of tea. ③Lu Yu studied boiling tea in Longgai Temple. ④Lu Yu became a student of a famous teacher. A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．③④②① D．④②③① 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Many Chinese people like drinking tea in their daily lives. B．All Americans like drinking coffee in their daily lives. C．Lu Yu was born in 733 and lived in the Song Dynasty. D．Lu Yu finished writing The Classic of Tea alone. 5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Chinese Tea Culture. B．Lu Yu and his friends. C．The Classic of Tea. D．The life of Lu Yu. In every family, a man must join the army (军队). Mulan was a young girl in a village in China and decided to join the army because her father was old and her brother was still a child. Mulan cut off her long hair and rode a horse to join the army. After a few years, Mulan became the leader (领导者) of the army. Not long after that, Mulan was ill. When the doctor came out of Mulan’s camp, he knew the truth (真相). Just then, there was a war! Many people lost their lives or got hurt in the anti-huns (对抗匈奴) war and Mulan saved the country in that war. After that, no one said that Mulan couldn’t be a leader. The Emperor (皇帝) was so excited. When the long war was over, he said, “Mulan, stay with me here. Someone as clever as you would be of great help to our country.” “You are too kind,” she said. “But I really want to go home and stay with my family.” Then Mulan went back to her village. Everyone was happy to see that she was safe. 1．Where did Mulan come from? A．A mountain. B．A town. C．A city. D．A village. 2．When did the doctor know that Mulan was a girl? A．When Mulan was worried. B．When Mulan was tired. C．When Mulan was ill. D．When Mulan was asleep. 3．What does the underlined word “war” mean in Chinese? A．战争 B．争执 C．比赛 D．矛盾 4．Why didn’t Mulan want to stay with the Emperor? A．Because she was a woman. B．Because she wanted to go back home. C．Because the Emperor was strict. D．Because she didn’t like the army. 5．What did the Emperor think of Mulan according to the passage? A．Smart. B．Lucky. C．Silly. D．Strange. Confucius was a great teacher and thinker in Chinese history. He was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu. The state of Lu is in today’s Shandong. In 521 BC, he started his school and taught about 3,000 students, and many of them were great thinkers, too. Chinese celebrate (庆祝) Confucius’ birthday every year. Why do we still love him after so many years? That’s because his ideas help us in our everyday lives. He asks us to be kind to others. He also asks us to be honest (诚实的) and have good manners (礼仪). Confucius studies music, math, literature (文学), and some other things. He has many ideas to teach his students how to study well. Confucius says brothers and sisters should love each other. The young should look after the old. Everyone should be strict (严格的) with themselves, but kind to others. These ideas are always welcome in China. People in many other places around the world welcome them, too. They think his ideas can make the world a better place. We should learn from the great thinker. 1．When did Confucius start his school? A．At 25 years old. B．At 30 years old. C．At 35 years old. D．At 40 years old. 2．Why do we celebrate Confucius’ birthday every year? A．Because his ideas help us today. B．Because he is honest. C．Because he is kind to others. D．Because he loves his family. 3．What does Confucius ask the young to do in Paragraph 3? A．Love their children. B．Work hard at school. C．Look after the old. D．Be strict with others. 4．Which sentence shows Confucius’ idea of having good friends? A．Wisdom begins in wonder. B．Review the old and learn the new. C．Learning without thinking is of no use. D．Isn’t it a joy to have friends from afar? 5．What would be the best title of the passage? A．Celebrate Confucius’ birthday B．Welcome to China C．Learn from Confucius D．Be kind to others Zhang Dingyu ,the doctor of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, leads over 600 doctors and nurses fighting (斗争) against the Novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎) which makes hundreds of people lose (失去) their families and lives. When Zhang with over 600 doctors and nurses was fighting against the disease (疾病), his strange way of walking surprised his workmates. Then he told his workmates that he was ill with ALS (渐冻症) in October 2018. ALS is a disease that stops the connection (连接) between brain (大脑) and body. People with ALS become partially paralyzed (瘫痪的).While he was working with handicapped (残疾的) legs, his wife got the Novel coronavirus after working in another hospital. The bad news made him very sad, so he cried for the first time after the virus broke out. Zhang could only find time to visit his wife until three days after she was sent to the hospital. But he could only stay there for 30 minutes. Luckily, the good news came that his wife got better ten days later. Zhang went to many areas with Chinese medical teams. Three days after the earthquake (地震) hit Sichuan Province in 2005, Zhang went to the city with his medical team members to help people there. “Life is always short. I need to do more to finish the things that I want to do, then I would leave without too many regrets (后悔).” Zhang said. “We are at the center of a storm, so we need to give all we have to help our city and our Wuhan people,” Zhang said. 1．What is Novel coronavirus pneumonia? A．It is a disease, and Zhang dingyu got it in October 2018. B．It is a disease, and it stops the connection between brain and body. C．It is a disease, and it makes hundreds of people lose their lives in central China’s Hubei Province. D．It is a disease, and it makes people become partially paralyzed leading to respiratory failure. 2．What is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu? A．His workmates knew his disease in October 2018. B．His wife worked in the same hospital as him. C．He helped people in earthquakes in Sichuan. D．He cried because the virus broke out. 3．What does the phrase broke out mean? A．损坏 B．结束 C．爆发 D．散发 4．What does Zhang Dingyu mean in the last paragraph? A．He wants to make his dream come true. B．He has no ways to help people in Wuhan. C．He has too many regrets. D．He wants to live longer in the world. 5．This passage mainly talks about _________. A．Zhang Dingyu’s story of fighting against the Novel coronavirus pneumonia B．Zhang Dingyu’s story with his wife C．How to stop the Novel coronavirus pneumonia D．Zhang Dingyu’s story with his workmates Marco Polo was a traveler (旅行者). He traveled on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) at the age of 17. He traveled from Italy (意大利) to China and saw many new things. The days were very hot and the nights were cold. It was a difficult road to travel, but Polo believed in himself. At the age of 21, Polo met the ruler (统治者) of China. He lived in China for the next seventeen years. Polo returned to Italy when he was 41. He met the writer Rustichello. Rustichello wrote a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. Many people knew the story of Polo by reading this book. Polo lived to the age of 70. You can still see his house in Italy today. 1．When did Marco start traveling? A．At the age of 17. B．At the age of 21. C．At the age of 41. D．At the age of 70. 2．What was the weather like during the trip from Italy to China? A．Bad. B．Fine. C．Snowy. D．Warm. 3．Who wrote the book named The Travels of Marco Polo? A．Kublai Khan. B．Marco Polo. C．Rustichello. D．Mo Yan. 4．What is the right order (顺序) of the following events (事件)? a. Polo returned to Italy. b. Marco Polo met the ruler of China. c. Polo had a hard time on the Silk Road. d. Marco Polo met the writer of The Travels of Marco Polo. A．a-b-c-d B．a-c-b-d C．b-a-c-d D．c-b-a-d 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Great Traveler B．An Old Country C．A Bad Ruler D．A Funny Story Welcome back to the Tang Dynasty (唐朝). There are so many famous poets (著名诗人). Do you want to know them? Here are three of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. Hello, everyone, I’m Li Bai. I like drinking and writing poetry (诗). Many people call me “Poet Immortal (诗仙)”. I think you surely know my poem Jing Ye Si. If not, you may not listen carefully in your Chinese class. I have many friends, such as Du Fu and Meng Haoran. We all love writing poetry. Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai. I’m 11 years younger than Li Bai. I love writing poems about nature (自然) people and life. Chun Ye Xi Yu is one of my most famous poems. I write poems to record (记录) the real life and true feelings (感受) of poor people. So people call me “Poet-Sage (诗圣)”. Li Bai and I are good friends. I write poems as gifts for him. I am Meng Haoran. I’m 12 years older than Li Bai. I love nature and often write poems about rivers, mountains, and the beauty (美好) of life. People call me a “Poet of Nature” because of this. The poem Chun Xiao is one of my most famous poems. Both Li Bai and I love poetry and the beauty of nature. So we are good friends. 1．What do people call Li Bai? A．Poet-Sage. B．Poet Ghost. C．Poet Immortal. D．Poet of Nature. 2．Which of the following is Li Bai’s poem? A．Yong Liu. B．Jing Ye Si. C．Chun Xiao. D．Chun Ye Xi Yu. 3．What are Du Fu’s poems about? A．The beauty of life. B．Rivers and mountains. C．Drinking and traveling. D．Nature, people and life. 4．Why do Li Bai and Meng Haoran become good friends? A．They are both poets. B．They both like drinking. C．They love the same things. D．They live in the same place. 5．What do we know about the three poets? A．They are all good friends. B．Meng Haoran is the oldest (年龄最大的) of the three. C．They are the most famous poets in China. D．Li Bai often gets poems from Meng Haoran 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$