期末复习之重点单短语及词性转化易错题专练100题（乱序版，Units 1-6）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（外研版）

**基本信息** 分层突破单短语及词性转化易错题，聚焦基础巩固到综合应用的能力进阶 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|30题|单词语法基础填空，如名词、动词、固定搭配|从核心词汇拼写切入，夯实语言能力基础| |进阶拓展训练|30题|语法变化及语境应用，如时态、语态、首字母填空|在基础上融入语法规则，提升思维品质中的分析能力| |能力综合实践|40题|综合语境及短语运用，如情景填空、固定短语|关联跨单元知识，强化学习能力中的迁移应用|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期末复习之重点单短语及词性转化易错题专练100题（乱序版，Units 1-6） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练30题 1．The ________ (鲸鱼) is the largest animal in the ocean. 2．The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. 3．Check the ________ (日历) to see if the meeting is on Monday. 4．We walked __________ to the top of the mountain.（一路） 5．He just wondered _________ (是否) he could return to his hometown someday or not. 6．Factories must not pour harmful ________ (化学物质) into rivers or lakes. 7．The children raced behind and _________ (捡起) the sticks. 8．My phone is dead. I need to ________ (充电) it. 9．He is known ________(作为) a great writer. 10．Solar ________(能源) is clean and it helps protect our Earth. 11．The doctor ________ (treat) patients for over 20 years and has saved many lives. 12．Look! The engineer ________ (explain) the design of the new building to the team. 13．He ________ (believe) in himself when he faced difficulties last year. 14．I can’t help ________ (laugh) at his jokes. 15．We should vote ________ (wise). 16．The government has ________ (provide) more jobs for the farm workers. 17．They have had several ________ (disagreement) with their neighbours. 18．He needs courage (勇气) and ________ (strong) to climb the mountain. 19．My ________ (suggest) is that smiling at the world and it will smile back. 20．We plan to do some ________ (volunteer) work at the weekend. 21．The activity ________ (organize) successfully last week. 22．We should ________ (believe) in ourselves and our team at any time. 23．The street ________ (sweep) by the cleaners early in the morning. 24．She ________ (encourage) me to join the club yesterday. 25．The team ________ (win) high praise for their help. 26．The classroom ________ (tidy) up by us just now. 27．The letter ________ (write) to thank the volunteers yesterday. 28．He ________ (refuse) to leave before finishing the work. 29．The toys ________ (donate) by the students last month. 30．Summer is my favourite season with warm weather, a long school holiday and ________ (end) fun. 进阶拓展训练30题 31．He promised that he ________ (lend) me the book as soon as he finished reading Hamlet. 32．You won’t ________ (full) experience the culture of a country if you don’t go there in person. 33．Let’s ________ (explore) the forest and find some interesting insects. 34．Some important questions ________ (raise) at the class meeting yesterday. 35．The scientist’s ________ (achieve) helps people understand nature better. 36．As we all know, the earth ________ (move) around the sun. 37．This is one of the __________ (amazing) films I have ever seen. 38．The First Class ________ is a great honour. (award) 39．We will ________ (post) the poster on the wall. 40．We need ________ (much) trees to make the air fresh. 41．She ________ (give) a talk on nature protection last week. 42．They ________ (learn) how to protect nature for a long time. 43．Trees are ________ (use) because they can provide us with oxygen. 44．Andy was busy ________ (practise) the piano for the concert next Sunday. 45．The poster said that our school art festival ________ (hold) the next month. 46．We should learn the proper ________ (use) of the machine. 47．My mother often ________ (cook) breakfast for us. 48．It’s very convenient to ________ (charge) phones with solar power. 49．The park ________ (cover) an area of 500 square meters. 50．He enjoys reading, e________ books about history. Because the past is the key to the future. 51．Playing computer games is a waste of time and e________. 52．People should stop cutting down trees to p________ the wild animals’ homes. 53．The area faces a serious w________ shortage, with only 16 mm of rainfall per year. 54．I h________ ever have lunch at school because my home is near the school. 55．E________ wars will make more people homeless. 56．China is a big c________ in the world. 57．The new p________ is about ten times the size of the earth. 58．Though many people have their own cars, we had better take p________ transportation, such as the subway or buses. 59．The computer is beautiful but expensive. I can’t a________ to buy it. 60．There’s no simple s________ to this problem. 能力综合实践40题 61．Before Mrs Chen came to teach us, she studied in a foreign language c_________. 62．She caught a cold yesterday. She feels a_________ now. 63．Films directed by famous d________ are usually more popular. 64．In winter, it’s cold and dry in the n________ of China. 65．He had a fight with his best friend, and they walked home in s________. 66．Helen is a s________ girl. She’s afraid to talk to others in public. 67．The sun shines u________ the river in the morning. 68．The teacher spoke loudly in order that every student could hear him c________. 69．V________ is great fun and helpful. 70．I was d________ because my toy broke and I couldn’t play with it. 71．At lunch, we had a fun c________ about our favourite cartoon characters. 72．To understand the word, read it in c_______. 73．She is a talented a________; her paintings are displayed in many art galleries. 74．The problem was difficult, It was b________ my understanding. 75．It is n________ for us to keep learning in order to improve ourselves. 76．Learning a new language can be c_______, but it’s very rewarding. 77．He is busy preparing a s_______ for the coming school competition. 78．The d________ of our team is fast. 79．Choosing the right c________ is an important decision for young people. 80．This old building was ________ (认为) a symbol of the city’s history by local people. 81．By using modern technologies, the gala brought the ________ (虚拟的) and real worlds together. 82．The teacher ________ (邀请) a lawyer to give us a career talk last week. 83．Career talks can help us make good ________ (选择) for our future jobs. 84．I hurt my left ________ (手腕) when I was playing basketball, so I needed to have a rest. 85．We plan to watch a new movie together ________ (今晚). 86．Lily wears a new ________ (女衬衫). It looks very beautiful. 87．This school ________ (学期), we learned about butterflies and how they grow. 88．I felt ________ (压力) when everyone watched me climb the tall mountain. 89．The project team ________ (致力于) completing the task on time through effective division of labor. 90．The monitor will ________ (分发，公布) the exam papers after class. 91．The new student is too ________ (羞怯的) to speak in front of the whole class. 92．I like watching ________ (戏剧) after school. 93．Mr Cheng often does ________ (志愿的) jobs in his free time. 94．We need a proper ________ (解决方法) to the problem. 95．When people are in trouble, a small ________ ________ (援手) can mean a lot to them. 96．He doesn’t like apples. I don’t like apples, __________. (也) 97．We don’t have __________ (足够的) time to get there. 98．We should ________ ________ ________ (分担家务) with our parents at home. 99．Be careful with the  ________ (滚热的) water in the kettle (壶)—it may burn you. 100．My sister practices ________ (speak) English for an hour every morning to be a translator. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期末复习之重点单短语及词性转化易错题专练100题（乱序版，Units 1-6） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练30题 1．The ________ (鲸鱼) is the largest animal in the ocean. 【答案】whale 【详解】句意：鲸鱼是海洋中最大的动物。根据汉语提示可知，whale“鲸鱼”，谓语动词为单数，名词用单数形式。 2．The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：这家医院在危机期间面临血液短缺。根据“a blood”提示，需填可数名词单数形式作宾语。“短缺”为名词shortage。 3．Check the ________ (日历) to see if the meeting is on Monday. 【答案】calendar 【详解】句意：查看日历以确认会议是否在周一。根据“the”及“to see if the meeting is on Monday”提示，“日历”为名词calendar，the表特指双方都知道的那一本日历，calendar用单数形式，作宾语。 4．We walked __________ to the top of the mountain.（一路） 【答案】all the way 【详解】句意：我们一路走到了山顶。根据中文提示“一路”，并结合句意可知，此处需要填写表示“一路上、一直”的短语。英文中对应“一路”的常用短语是all the way。“walk all the way to...”是常见搭配，意为“一路走到⋯⋯”。故填all the way。 5．He just wondered _________ (是否) he could return to his hometown someday or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】句意：他只是想知道他是否有一天能回到家乡。本句是宾语从句，表示“是否”的连词有if和whether，但whether直接搭配句中的or not使用。 6．Factories must not pour harmful ________ (化学物质) into rivers or lakes. 【答案】chemicals 【详解】句意：工厂不得将有害化学物质排入河流或湖泊。“化学物质”对应的英文单词是名词chemical，chemical作名词时，常用复数形式表示化学制品或化学物质，应填chemicals。 7．The children raced behind and _________ (捡起) the sticks. 【答案】picked up 【详解】句意：孩子们跟在后面跑，捡起了树枝。括号内中文提示为“捡起”，对应的英文短语为pick up；并列连词and连接两个谓语动词，前面raced为race的过去式，此处时态保持一致，用pick的过去式picked，故填picked up。 8．My phone is dead. I need to ________ (充电) it. 【答案】charge 【详解】句意：我的手机没电了。我需要给它充电。“充电”的英文是charge，need to后面跟动词原形，所以直接填charge。 9．He is known ________(作为) a great writer. 【答案】as 【详解】句意：他作为一名伟大的作家而闻名。本题考查固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而闻名”，符合此处表达身份与职业的语境，故填as。 10．Solar ________(能源) is clean and it helps protect our Earth. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：太阳能是清洁的，它能帮助保护我们的地球。“能源”对应energy，作主语。 11．The doctor ________ (treat) patients for over 20 years and has saved many lives. 【答案】has treated 【详解】句意：这位医生治疗病人已经20多年了，挽救了许多生命。treat“治疗”，动词。根据时间状语“for over 20 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“The doctor”是第三人称单数，助动词用has。treat的过去分词为treated。故填has treated。 12．Look! The engineer ________ (explain) the design of the new building to the team. 【答案】is explaining 【详解】句意：看！这位工程师正在向团队解释新建筑的设计。句中“Look!”表明动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时“is explaining”；主语“The engineer”是单数，be动词用“is”。故填is explaining。 13．He ________ (believe) in himself when he faced difficulties last year. 【答案】believed 【详解】句意：去年面对困难时，他始终相信自己。时间状语从句中谓语动词用过去式，主句时态需保持一致，因此主句谓语动词believe需用过去式believed。 14．I can’t help ________ (laugh) at his jokes. 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：我忍不住对他的笑话发笑。固定搭配can’t help doing sth.表示“忍不住做某事”，故用laughing。 15．We should vote ________ (wise). 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：我们应该明智地投票。此处是副词修饰动词vote，wise的副词形式为wisely，意为“明智地”。 16．The government has ________ (provide) more jobs for the farm workers. 【答案】provided 【详解】句意：政府已经为农民工提供了更多的工作岗位。助动词“has”提示此处需用现在完成时，结构为“has + 过去分词”。“provide”的过去分词为“provided”。 17．They have had several ________ (disagreement) with their neighbours. 【答案】disagreements 【详解】句意：他们已经和邻居有过几次分歧了。“several”后需接可数名词复数形式，“disagreement”的复数形式为“disagreements”。 18．He needs courage (勇气) and ________ (strong) to climb the mountain. 【答案】strength 【详解】句意：他需要勇气和力量去爬山。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的名词作needs的宾语，strong的名词形式strength表示“力量”，为不可数名词。故填strength。 19．My ________ (suggest) is that smiling at the world and it will smile back. 【答案】suggestion 【详解】句意：我的建议是，对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑。根据“My…is that…”以及提示词可知，此处指“我的建议”，应用单数名词suggestion“建议”。故填suggestion。 20．We plan to do some ________ (volunteer) work at the weekend. 【答案】voluntary 【详解】句意：我们计划在周末做一些志愿工作。“plan to do sth.”是固定用法，意思是“计划做某事”；“volunteer”意为“志愿者”，此处需要用形容词形式“voluntary”作定语，修饰“work”；“voluntary work”意思是“志愿工作；义工工作”，故填voluntary。 21．The activity ________ (organize) successfully last week. 【答案】was organized 【详解】句意：这项活动上周成功举办了。根据“last week”可知本句为一般过去时，空格处需填入动词作谓语，句子主语The activity和提示动词organize是被动关系（活动被组织举办），因此要用被动语态；主语是单数名词，be动词用was，organize的过去分词为organized。故填was organized。 22．We should ________ (believe) in ourselves and our team at any time. 【答案】believe 【详解】句意：我们应该随时相信自己和我们的团队。should是情态动词，后跟动词原形believe。 23．The street ________ (sweep) by the cleaners early in the morning. 【答案】is swept 【详解】句意：这条街道在清晨被清洁工清扫。sweep“打扫”，句子主语The street是动作的承受者，需使用被动语态，其结构为“be + 动词过去分词”，sweep的过去分词为swept。根据“early in the morning”这一日常时间状语，可判断此处描述的是日常习惯，因此用一般现在时。主语The street为单数，be动词用is，故填is swept。 24．She ________ (encourage) me to join the club yesterday. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：她昨天鼓励我加入这个俱乐部。encourage“鼓励”，动词；yesterday是一般过去时的标志，动词要用过去式。故填encouraged。 25．The team ________ (win) high praise for their help. 【答案】won 【详解】句意：这个团队因他们的帮助而赢得了高度赞扬。根据语境可知，此处描述的是已经发生的动作，即团队已经赢得了赞扬，所以应用一般过去时；“win”意为“赢得”，其过去式为“won”。故填won。 26．The classroom ________ (tidy) up by us just now. 【答案】was tidied 【详解】句意：教室刚刚被我们打扫了。tidy“打扫”，根据“just now”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，再根据“by us”可知，此处表示被动，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语是“The classroom”，be动词用was，tidy的过去分词是tidied。故填was tidied。 27．The letter ________ (write) to thank the volunteers yesterday. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：这封信昨天写来是为了感谢志愿者。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态应使用一般过去时，主语The letter与动词write之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The letter为单数，be动词用was，write的过去分词为written。故填was written。 28．He ________ (refuse) to leave before finishing the work. 【答案】refused 【详解】句意：他在完成工作之前拒绝离开。“在完成工作之前拒绝离开”这个动作是过去发生的，所以要用一般过去时。refuse的过去式是refused。故填refused。 29．The toys ________ (donate) by the students last month. 【答案】were donated 【详解】句意：这些玩具是上个月由学生们捐赠的。主语“The toys”与donate“捐赠”是被动关系，需用被动语态； 时间状语“last month”确定时态为一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were；donate的过去分词是donated。故填were donated。 30．Summer is my favourite season with warm weather, a long school holiday and ________ (end) fun. 【答案】endless 【详解】句意：夏天是我最喜欢的季节，有温暖的天气、漫长的学校假期和无穷的乐趣。根据“fun”可知，空处应填形容词作定语；end的形容词形式为endless“无穷的，无止境的”，符合语境。故填endless。 进阶拓展训练30题 31．He promised that he ________ (lend) me the book as soon as he finished reading Hamlet. 【答案】would lend 【详解】句意：他答应我，一读完《哈姆雷特》，就把书借给我。lend“借给”，动词，主句谓语动词 “promised” 表明主句是一般过去时，因此that宾语从句是过去的时态，根据“as soon as he finished…”可知，这里表示他一读完《哈姆雷特》，将会把书借给我，因此“借书” 的动作需使用过去将来时“would do”。故填would lend。 32．You won’t ________ (full) experience the culture of a country if you don’t go there in person. 【答案】fully 【详解】句意：如果你不亲自去那个国家，你就无法充分体验它的文化。full“满的；完全的”，为形容词。这个空需要修饰动词experience，需要使用其副词形式fully表示“充分地；完全地”。故填fully。 33．Let’s ________ (explore) the forest and find some interesting insects. 【答案】explore 【详解】句意：让我们去探索森林，找一些有趣的昆虫吧。根据 “Let’s...the forest and find some interesting insects.” 以及英文提示可知，此处考查“Let’s do sth.”的固定句型，Let’s后接动词原形，故填explore。 34．Some important questions ________ (raise) at the class meeting yesterday. 【答案】were raised 【详解】句意：昨天的班会上提出了一些重要的问题。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，且主语“Some important questions”与动词“raise”之间为被动关系，即问题被提出，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语“questions”为复数，be动词用were，raise的过去分词为raised。故填were raised。 35．The scientist’s ________ (achieve) helps people understand nature better. 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：这位科学家的成就帮助人们更好地了解自然。根据“The scientist’s ”可知，名词所有格后接名词，“achieve”的名词形式是“achievement”，表示“成就”，结合“helps”可知，此处使用单数名词。故填achievement。 36．As we all know, the earth ________ (move) around the sun. 【答案】moves 【详解】句意：众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。这是客观真理，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“the earth”是第三人称单数，动词“move”需要使用第三人称单数形式moves。故填moves。 37．This is one of the __________ (amazing) films I have ever seen. 【答案】most amazing 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最令人惊叹的电影之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”。此处需填形容词的最高级形式，“amazing”的最高级为“most amazing”。 38．The First Class ________ is a great honour. (award) 【答案】award 【详解】句意：一等奖是一个巨大的荣誉。句中“The First Class…”是句子的主语，故空处填入名词；由is可知，名词用单数；award是单数名词，意为“奖项”，此处是专有名词，首字母需要大写。 39．We will ________ (post) the poster on the wall. 【答案】post 【详解】句意：我们将把海报贴在墙上。句中“will”意为“将”，后面需要接动词原形。因此，空格处应将所给词post保持原形。post本身就是动词原形，意为“张贴”，符合句意。 40．We need ________ (much) trees to make the air fresh. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：我们需要更多的树木来使空气变得清新。much表示“许多”，只能修饰不可数名词，trees是复数可数名词，且句子隐含“和现有树木数量相比，需要更多树”的比较含义，需要用比较级，much的比较级是more，more既可以修饰复数可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。故填more。 41．She ________ (give) a talk on nature protection last week. 【答案】gave 【详解】句意：她上周做了一次关于自然保护的演讲。give a talk “做演讲”，动词短语，根据此句的“last week”表示“上周”，是过去的时间，因此此句的时态需用一般过去时，因此此处的“give a talk”需用一般过去时“gave a talk”。因此此句的“a talk”已给出，因此需用“gave”。故填gave。 42．They ________ (learn) how to protect nature for a long time. 【答案】have learned 【详解】句意：他们学习如何保护自然已经很长一段时间了。learn“学习”，为动词，由时间状语for a long time可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)。主语They为复数，助动词用have，learn的过去分词是learned。故填have learned。 43．Trees are ________ (use) because they can provide us with oxygen. 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：树木很有用，因为它们能为我们提供氧气。“are”为系动词，后需接形容词作表语，描述主语的性质或特征。“use”为动词或名词，其形容词形式为“useful”，意为“有用的”。 44．Andy was busy ________ (practise) the piano for the concert next Sunday. 【答案】practising 【详解】句意：安迪正忙着为下周日的音乐会练习钢琴。句中含有固定搭配“be busy doing sth.”，其后需接动词的动名词形式。practise的动名词形式为practising。 45．The poster said that our school art festival ________ (hold) the next month. 【答案】would be held 【详解】句意：海报上说我们学校的艺术节将于下个月举办。空格在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主句谓语动词said为过去式，从句需相应用过去的某种时态，“下个月”表将来，因此用过去将来时；“艺术节”与“举办”为被动关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态，结构为“would be+过去分词”。故填would be held。 46．We should learn the proper ________ (use) of the machine. 【答案】usage 【详解】句意：我们应该学会这台机器的正确用法。句中“proper”是形容词，后接名词，括号内的动词“use”需变为名词形式，其名词形式为“usage”，意为“用法”，符合语境。   47．My mother often ________ (cook) breakfast for us. 【答案】cooks 【详解】句意：我的妈妈经常为我们做早餐。主语My mother为第三人称单数，often表示经常发生的动作，用一般现在时，因此动词cook加s变为cooks。 48．It’s very convenient to ________ (charge) phones with solar power. 【答案】charge 【详解】句意：用太阳能给手机充电非常方便。句子使用了固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，其中to后接动词原形，因此括号内的charge使用原形即可。   49．The park ________ (cover) an area of 500 square meters. 【答案】covers 【详解】句意：这个公园占地500平方米。句子描述的是公园的面积这一客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。主语“The park”是第三人称单数，根据一般现在时中第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式的规则，“cover (覆盖)”的第三人称单数是“covers”。 50．He enjoys reading, e________ books about history. Because the past is the key to the future. 【答案】(e)specially 【详解】句意：他喜欢阅读，尤其是关于历史的书籍。因为过去是通往未来的钥匙。根据“He enjoys reading, ...books about history”及首字母可知，此处是强调尤其喜欢关于历史的书籍，especially“尤其”符合语境。故填(e)specially。 51．Playing computer games is a waste of time and e________. 【答案】(e)nergy 【详解】句意：玩电脑游戏是浪费时间和精力的。根据首字母提示和“a waste of time and...”可知，此处表示浪费时间和精力。名词energy“精力”符合语境。故填(e)nergy。 52．People should stop cutting down trees to p________ the wild animals’ homes. 【答案】protect/rotect 【详解】句意：人们应该停止砍伐树木，以保护野生动物的家园。根据首字母提示“p”以及“the wild animals’ homes”可知，此处表示“保护”。动词protect“保护”符合语境，且“to protect”为不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。 53．The area faces a serious w________ shortage, with only 16 mm of rainfall per year. 【答案】water/ater 【详解】句意：该地区面临严重的水资源短缺，年降雨量仅16毫米。根据首字母提示“w”以及句意可知，此处表示“水”。名词water“水”符合语境，在句中作定语修饰shortage，故填water。 54．I h________ ever have lunch at school because my home is near the school. 【答案】(h)ardly 【详解】句意：我几乎从不在学校吃午饭，因为我家离学校很近。根据“I…ever have lunch at school because my home is near the school.”以及首字母提示可知，此处说的是几乎从不在学校吃午饭，hardly意为“几乎不”，副词作状语。故填(h)ardly。 55．E________ wars will make more people homeless. 【答案】(E)ndless 【详解】句意：无休止的战争将使更多的人无家可归。根据“... wars will make more people homeless.”及首字母可知，让更多的人无家可归的是无止境的战争；endless“无止境的，无休止的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词war。故填(E)ndless。 56．China is a big c________ in the world. 【答案】(c)ountry 【详解】句意：中国是世界上一个大国。根据“China is a big c... in the world.”可知，中国是一个国家，country“国家”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填(c)ountry。 57．The new p________ is about ten times the size of the earth. 【答案】(p)lanet 【详解】句意：这颗新行星的大小大约是地球的十倍。根据“about ten times the size of the earth.”及首字母可知，是指这颗行星，planet“行星”，此处用名词单数作主语。故填(p)lanet。 58．Though many people have their own cars, we had better take p________ transportation, such as the subway or buses. 【答案】(p)ublic 【详解】句意：虽然很多人都有自己的车，但我们最好乘坐公共的交通工具，比如地铁或公共汽车。根据首字母提示及“such as the subway or buses.”可知，空处指“公共的”，其英文为public，为形容词，修饰名词transportation。故填(p)ublic。 59．The computer is beautiful but expensive. I can’t a________ to buy it. 【答案】(a)fford 【详解】句意：这台电脑很漂亮，但很贵。我买不起。根据“The computer is beautiful but expensive.”可知，这台电脑很漂亮，但很贵。所以我买不起这台电脑，结合首字母a可知，afford“买得起”符合语境。情态动词can后面用动词原形。故填(a)fford。 60．There’s no simple s________ to this problem. 【答案】(s)olution 【详解】句意：这个问题没有简单的解决办法。根据“to this problem”可知，这个问题的解决方法，solution“解决方法”，谓语is是第三人称单数，主语用单数名词，故填(s)olution。 能力综合实践40题 61．Before Mrs Chen came to teach us, she studied in a foreign language c_________. 【答案】(c)ollege 【详解】句意：在陈老师来教我们之前，她在一所外语大学学习。根据“studied in a foreign language”及首字母提示，可知，在一所外语大学学习，college“大学”。故填(c)ollege。 62．She caught a cold yesterday. She feels a_________ now. 【答案】(a)wful 【详解】句意：她昨天感冒了。她现在感觉很糟糕。feel后接形容词作表语，根据“She caught a cold yesterday”及首字母可知，感冒了会感觉很糟糕，awful“糟糕的”，故填(a)wful。 63．Films directed by famous d________ are usually more popular. 【答案】(d)irectors 【详解】句意：由著名导演执导的电影通常更受欢迎。根据“directed by”和首字母提示可推测，空处表示“导演”。director“导演”，为可数名词，空前无限定词，故用其复数形式。故填(d)irectors。 64．In winter, it’s cold and dry in the n________ of China. 【答案】(n)orth 【详解】句意：冬天，中国的北方又冷又干。根据“In winter, it’s cold and dry”结合常识可知中国北方冬季又冷又干，north“北方”。故填(n)orth。 65．He had a fight with his best friend, and they walked home in s________. 【答案】(s)ilence 【详解】句意：他和他最好的朋友吵了一架，他们默默地走回家。in是介词，其后用名词作宾语，根据“He had a fight with his best friend”可知，他们默默地走回家，in silence“沉默地”。故填(s)ilence。 66．Helen is a s________ girl. She’s afraid to talk to others in public. 【答案】(s)hy 【详解】句意：海伦是一个害羞的女孩。她害怕在公共场合和别人说话。根据“She’s afraid to talk to others in public.”和首字母提示可推测，海伦不敢在公共场合和别人说话，她应是害羞的人。此处应用形容词shy“害羞的，腼腆的”，修饰名词girl。故填(s)hy。 67．The sun shines u________ the river in the morning. 【答案】(u)pon 【详解】句意：早晨太阳照在河上。根据“The sun shines...the river”可知，太阳的光是在河上。结合首字母u可知，应用upon，表示“在……上”。故填(u)pon。 68．The teacher spoke loudly in order that every student could hear him c________. 【答案】(c)learly 【详解】句意：老师大声说话是为了让每个学生都能清楚听到他。根据“The teacher spoke loudly”可知说话大声是为了让每个学生都能清楚听到他。clearly“清楚地”副词修饰动词，故填(c)learly。 69．V________ is great fun and helpful. 【答案】Volunteering/olunteering 【详解】句意：做志愿活动十分有趣，并且很有意义。开头字母给了“V”，结合句意以及后文“great fun and helpful”提示可知与做志愿者活动相关，应填动词Volunteer，本句缺少句子主语，动词不能直接作主语，需要变为动名词形式Volunteering，相当于名词，意为 “志愿活动、做志愿服务”。 70．I was d________ because my toy broke and I couldn’t play with it. 【答案】disappointed/isappointed 【详解】句意：我很沮丧，因为我的玩具坏了，我无法玩了。根据首字母提示“d”以及“because my toy broke and I couldn’t play with it”，此处表示“沮丧的”，形容词disappointed“沮丧的”符合语境，在句中作表语。 71．At lunch, we had a fun c________ about our favourite cartoon characters. 【答案】conversation/onversation 【详解】句意：午餐时，我们进行了一次关于我们最喜欢的卡通人物的有趣的交谈。根据首字母提示“c”以及“about our favourite cartoon characters”，此处表示“交谈”，名词conversation“交谈”符合语境，且空前有冠词“a”修饰，应用单数形式，故填conversation。 72．To understand the word, read it in c_______. 【答案】context/ontext 【详解】句意：要理解这个单词，要在语境中阅读它。根据“To understand the word, read it in c…”以及首字母可知，此处指在语境中阅读单词，context名词，in context固定搭配，意为“在语境中”。故填(c)ontext。 73．She is a talented a________; her paintings are displayed in many art galleries. 【答案】artist/rtist 【详解】句意：她是一位才华横溢的艺术家；她的画在许多美术馆展出。根据首字母提示和“her paintings are displayed in many art galleries.”此部分的句意可知，“她的画在美术馆展出”这句的意思是“她是一个画家”，也就是“艺术家”，因此此处表达“艺术家”，“artist”表示“艺术家”，根据此句的“a”后接可数名词的单数，因此此处的“artist”需用可数名词的单数。故填artist。 74．The problem was difficult, It was b________ my understanding. 【答案】beyond/eyond 【详解】句意：这个问题很难，它超出了我的理解范围。根据首字母提示“b”以及“my understanding”可知，此处表示“超出”。介词beyond“超出”符合语境，用于描述事物超出某种能力或范围。 75．It is n________ for us to keep learning in order to improve ourselves. 【答案】necessary/ecessary 【详解】句意：为了提升自我，我们必须不断学习。根据首字母提示“n”以及“for us to keep learning”可知，此处表示“必要的”。形容词necessary“必要的”符合语境，在句中作表语，且“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型。 76．Learning a new language can be c_______, but it’s very rewarding. 【答案】challenging/hallenging 【详解】句意：学习一门新语言可能会很有挑战性，但它非常值得。“but it’s very rewarding”提示该过程有难度但有回报，challenging表示“有挑战性的”，形容词作表语。 77．He is busy preparing a s_______ for the coming school competition. 【答案】speech/peech 【详解】句意：他正忙着为即将到来的学校比赛准备一场演讲。根据首字母提示“s”以及“for the coming school competition”可知，此处表示“演讲”。名词speech“演讲”符合语境，且空前有冠词“a”修饰，应用单数形式。 78．The d________ of our team is fast. 【答案】development/evelopment 【详解】句意：我们团队的发展很快。句中“The...of our team”为名词所有格结构，提示横线处需填入名词。结合首字母d和句意，development符合语境，且为不可数名词。 79．Choosing the right c________ is an important decision for young people. 【答案】career/areer 【详解】句意：选择合适的职业对年轻人来说是一个重要的决定。句中的“choosing the right...”暗示选择某个对人生有长期影响的事物，“选择合适的职业”是合理搭配，career符合语境，应填career。 80．This old building was ________ (认为) a symbol of the city’s history by local people. 【答案】considered 【详解】句意：这座老建筑被当地人认为是这座城市历史的象征。consider“认为”，动词；主语“building”是动作承受者，且根据“was”可知，应用被动语态“was+过去分词”。consider的过去分词为considered。故填considered。 81．By using modern technologies, the gala brought the ________ (虚拟的) and real worlds together. 【答案】virtual 【详解】句意：通过运用现代技术，这场晚会将虚拟世界与现实世界完美融合在了一起。virtual“虚拟的”，形容词，作定语。故填virtual。 82．The teacher ________ (邀请) a lawyer to give us a career talk last week. 【答案】invited 【详解】句意：上周老师邀请了一位律师给我们做职业讲座。句中“last week”表示过去的时间，因此句子时态为一般过去时，“邀请”对应的英文单词“invite”需使用过去式“invited”，故填invited。 83．Career talks can help us make good ________ (选择) for our future jobs. 【答案】choices 【详解】句意：职业访谈可以帮助我们为未来的工作做出好的选择。根据汉语提示可知，“选择”为choice，为可数名词。make choices为常用搭配，意为“做出选择”。此处泛指多个选择，应用复数形式choices。 84．I hurt my left ________ (手腕) when I was playing basketball, so I needed to have a rest. 【答案】wrist 【详解】句意：我打篮球的时候伤了我的左手腕，所以我需要休息。“手腕”对应的英文是wrist，是可数名词。“左手腕”表单数，所以填单数名词wrist。 85．We plan to watch a new movie together ________ (今晚). 【答案】tonight 【详解】句意：我们计划今晚一起看一部新电影。tonight“今晚”为时间副词，在句中作状语。 86．Lily wears a new ________ (女衬衫). It looks very beautiful. 【答案】blouse 【详解】句意：莉莉穿了一件新女衬衫。它看起来非常漂亮。blouse“女衬衫”是名词，在句中作宾语。 87．This school ________ (学期), we learned about butterflies and how they grow. 【答案】term 【详解】句意：这个学期，我们学习了有关蝴蝶以及它们如何成长的知识。“学期”可译为term，为可数名词。This school term意为“这个学期”，在句中作时间状语。 88．I felt ________ (压力) when everyone watched me climb the tall mountain. 【答案】pressure 【详解】句意：当所有人都看着我爬那座高山时，我感到有压力。“压力”可译为pressure，为不可数名词，felt pressure意为“感到压力”。 89．The project team ________ (致力于) completing the task on time through effective division of labor. 【答案】is committed to 【详解】句意：项目团队致力于通过有效的分工按时完成任务。根据汉语提示“致力于”可知，英文为be committed to，主语The project team为第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is committed to。 90．The monitor will ________ (分发，公布) the exam papers after class. 【答案】hand out 【详解】句意：班长下课后将分发试卷。根据中文提示可知，“分发，公布”对应的英文短语是hand out，该句时态为一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，所以此处hand用原形。 91．The new student is too ________ (羞怯的) to speak in front of the whole class. 【答案】shy 【详解】句意：这名新生太羞怯了，不敢在全班同学面前讲话。根据汉语提示“羞怯的”可知，应填形容词shy。本句使用了“too…to…”意为“太……而不能……”结构，too后接形容词原级，因此用shy。故填shy。 92．I like watching ________ (戏剧) after school. 【答案】dramas 【详解】句意：我喜欢放学后看戏剧。原句中关键词是“戏剧”，其对应英文为“drama”。此处表示泛指，用复数形式“dramas” 。 93．Mr Cheng often does ________ (志愿的) jobs in his free time. 【答案】voluntary 【详解】句意：陈先生在他的空闲时间经常做志愿工作。提示词为形容词“志愿的”，表示“志愿的”单词为voluntary。“voluntary job”意为志愿工作。 94．We need a proper ________ (解决方法) to the problem. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意：我们需要一个合适的解决办法来解决这个问题。“解决方法”可译为solution，为可数名词。a proper solution意为“一个合适的解决办法”。 95．When people are in trouble, a small ________ ________ (援手) can mean a lot to them. 【答案】 helping hand 【详解】句意：当人们陷入困境时，一个小小的援手对他们来说意义重大。根据“a small”可知，此处使用名词单数形式，helping hand“援手”，固定短语。 96．He doesn’t like apples. I don’t like apples, __________. (也) 【答案】either 【详解】句意：他不喜欢苹果。我也不喜欢苹果。“也”在否定句中位于句末时，对应的英文是either，副词，修饰整个句子。 97．We don’t have __________ (足够的) time to get there. 【答案】enough 【详解】句意：我们没有足够的时间赶到那里。根据中文提示“足够的”可知，需要填写形容词“enough”来修饰名词“time”。 98．We should ________ ________ ________ (分担家务) with our parents at home. 【答案】 share the housework 【详解】句意：我们应该在家里和父母分担家务。“分担家务”可译为动词短语share the housework。情态动词should后接动词原形share。 99．Be careful with the  ________ (滚热的) water in the kettle (壶)—it may burn you. 【答案】boiling 【详解】句意：小心壶里滚烫的水——它可能会烫伤你。“滚热的”对应英文单词boiling，boiling water是固定搭配，专指“滚烫的、沸腾的水”，和句子语境（会烫伤人）完全吻合。 100．My sister practices ________ (speak) English for an hour every morning to be a translator. 【答案】speaking 【详解】句意：我姐姐为了成为一名翻译，每天早上练习说英语一小时。句中谓语动词为practices，其后需接动词的-ing形式作宾语，即practice doing sth.，表示“练习做某事”。speak的动名词形式为speaking。 14 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 15 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $