Unit 1 Science Fiction核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第四册

**基本信息** 聚焦科幻主题单元，通过词-句-篇分层训练系统提升语言能力，构建从基础词汇到语篇应用的递进逻辑。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|20题|聚焦动词时态语态、词形变化等语法点单题考查|从词形变化（如declare→declaration）到单句语法规则应用，夯实基础语法| |单词拼写|10题|侧重核心词汇拼写（如“薪金”“假定”）|强化单元主题词汇记忆，为语言表达奠基| |完成句子|10题|注重汉译英与固定表达（如“调整”“接管”）|衔接词汇与句子层面表达，提升语境应用能力| |语法填空阅读|20题|综合语境语法应用（两篇短文）|从单句到语篇，考查语法在真实语境中的灵活运用，形成完整语言能力链条|

Unit 1 Science Fiction 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 一、单句语法填空 1．The government made a (declare) that they would perform a thorough reform. 【答案】declaration 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府宣布他们将进行彻底的改革。空前有不定冠词a修饰，需用可数名词单数形式，declare的名词形式为declaration，意为“宣布，声明”，make a declaration为固定搭配，意为“发表声明”。故填declaration。 2．Please call me to set up an (appoint) at your convenience. 【答案】appointment 【详解】考查名词。句意：请在你方便的时候打电话给我安排一次预约。本空作set up的宾语，根据空前的不定冠词an可知，用名词appointment“预约，约定”的单数形式。故填appointment。 3．At present, many a farm (destroy) because of the unsustainable land use and worsening droughts. 【答案】is being destroyed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，由于不可持续的土地利用和日益严重的干旱，许多农场正在遭到破坏。“many a + 单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。农场是“被破坏”，且由At present可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。在句中is being destroyed。故填is being destroyed。 4．When the tourists arrived, the old building (restore) by workers, so they couldn’t get in. 【答案】was being restored 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当游客到达时，工人们正在修复这座旧建筑，所以他们无法进入。restore(修复)作主句谓语，与主语the old building之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“When the tourists arrived”和“they couldn’t get in”可知，“修复”是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，be动词用was。故填was being restored。 5．The old letters (sort) out by the volunteers before they were donated to the local museum. 【答案】had been sorted 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些旧信件在被捐赠给当地博物馆之前，已经由志愿者们整理好了。设空处为谓语，主语“The old letters”与谓语动词“sort out”之间为被动关系；从句中时间状语“before they were donated”表示一个过去的动作，而“整理”这个动作发生在“捐赠”之前，即“过去的过去”。因此，主句应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sorted。 6．The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty (find) within a jade tube initially.   【答案】were found 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些可以追溯到西汉时期的精致针最初是在一个玉管内被发现的。find(发现)作谓语，与主语needles之间是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填were found。 7．Not only the equipment but also the core experimental data (compromise) in the recent system failure. 【答案】have been compromised 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在最近的系统故障中，不仅设备，核心实验数据也遭到了泄露。not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，本句中就近的主语为the core experimental data，data是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；主语与谓语动词compromise之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；结合语境，系统故障带来的影响已产生，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have been+过去分词，compromise的过去分词为compromised。故填have been compromised。 8．The turbine (test) by an energy technology company in Beijing in September of 2025 and it is the world’s largest flying wind turbine. 【答案】was tested 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：该涡轮机于2025年9月由北京一家能源技术公司进行了测试，它是世界上最大的飞行风力涡轮机。此空考查谓语动词，主语The turbine与test之间为被动关系，再根据时间状语in September of 2025可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数。故填was tested。 9．They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same (calculate). 【答案】calculation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们发现他们的电脑在进行完全相同的计算时，得出了不同的结果。空处作介词from的宾语，其前有形容词same修饰，名词calculation“计算”符合题意。故填calculation。 10．The teacher was (consider) of students’ learning paces and adjusted the lesson speed accordingly. 【答案】considerate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位老师考虑到学生的学习进度，并相应调整了授课速度。be considerate of 是固定短语，表示“体谅……；考虑到……”，此处为形容词作表语。故填considerate。 11．In recent years two chess clubs (run) to make a profit in my neighbourhood. 【答案】have been run 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，在我所在的社区有两家棋类俱乐部开始以盈利为目的运营。in recent years 多与现在完成时态连用，而chess clubs与run之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been run。 12．The saleswoman (convince) to try her best to promote cigarettes yesterday. 【答案】was convinced 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天那位女售货员被说服要竭尽全力推销香烟。主语saleswoman与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文yesterday可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was convinced。 13．It was (announce) that the prime minister would speak on television that evening. 【答案】announced 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：据宣布，首相将于当晚在电视上发表讲话。本句为固定句型“It was + 过去分词 + that 从句”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语it与announce之间为被动关系，空处需用announce的过去分词形式announced。故填announced。 14．Born in the city of Hefei in eastern China in 1922, Yang (raise) on the campus of Tsinghua University. 【答案】was raised 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：杨于 1922 年出生在中国东部的合肥市，他在清华大学的校园里长大。句中使用动词作谓语，in 1922表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时，同时Yang与raise之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was raised。 15．An activity (organise) to satisfy the students’ curiosity about traditional festivals last week. 【答案】was organised 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：上周组织了一项活动，以满足学生们对传统节日的好奇心。本空作谓语，根据时间状语last week可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语An activity与动词organise“组织”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was organised。 16．The small island (strike) by a violent storm last night. 【答案】was struck/was stricken 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这个小岛昨夜遭受了一场暴风雨的袭击。空处为句子谓语动词，主语island和strike为被动关系，句子用被动语态，由last night可知，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The small island是单数，助动词用was。故填was struck/stricken。 17．The moment Li Xuyao appeared after ten minutes, he was (cover) with mud all over his body. 【答案】covered 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：十分钟后李旭瑶出现时，全身都沾满了泥巴。be covered with固定搭配，表“被……覆盖”。故填covered。 18．More attention (pay) to environmental protection in recent years as people’s awareness increases. 【答案】has been paid 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，随着人们意识的提高，环境保护得到了更多关注。“in recent years”是现在完成时标志，主语“attention”与“pay”是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，助动词使用has，故填has been paid。 19．The letter was written in such a hurry that several spelling mistakes can still be found even after it (check) twice by the editor. 【答案】was checked 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这封信写得太匆忙了，以至于即便经过编辑两遍的仔细检查，仍能发现不少拼写错误。主语it（指代letter）与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式。故填was checked。 20．Most buildings alongside (decorate) with carved wood. Each one appeared to invite me to take a closer look. 【答案】were decorated 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：路旁的大多数建筑都用雕花木材装饰着。每一座都仿佛在邀请我走近细看。句中主语“Most buildings”与动词“decorate”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；根据后一句的谓语动词“appeared”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语为复数名词，因此be动词用were，后接动词的过去分词形式decorated。故填were decorated。 二、单词拼写 21．He earns an annual (薪金) of $40,000. 【答案】salary 【详解】考查名词。句意：他每年的薪金为40,000美元。空处应为名词单数，作宾语；salary表示“薪金”，为可数名词。故填salary。 22．I (假定) him to be the president of the Student Union. 【答案】presumed 【详解】考查动词。句意：我假定他是学生会主席。根据汉语提示“假定”可知，此处应用动词presume，且句子描述的是过去的事实，用一般过去时。故填presumed。 23．Germany (宣布) war on France in 1914. 【答案】declared 【详解】考查动词。句意：1914年，德国向法国宣战。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词declare，由in 1914可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填declared。 24．The Committee has decided to (解雇) him. 【答案】dismiss 【详解】考查动词。句意：委员会已决定解雇他。根据汉语提示“解雇”可知，本空应填dismiss，decide to do sth.为固定短语，表示“决定做某事”，to后跟动词原形。故填dismiss。 25．They decided to (暂停) trade with that country. 【答案】suspend 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们决定暂停与那个国家的贸易。“暂停”为suspend，decide to do sth决定做某事。故填suspend。 26．On the ceremony he showed neither decency (体面) nor (庄重). 【答案】dignity 【详解】考查名词。句意：在典礼上，他既没有表现出得体也没有表现出庄重。“庄重”是名词dignity，作宾语。故填dignity。 27．It is an (荒谬的) theory and no one will believe it. 【答案】absurd 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个荒谬的理论，没人会相信它。空处应为形容词，修饰名词theory，作定语；absurd为形容词，表示“荒谬的”。故填absurd。 28．The workers expected to share out a year-end (红利). 【答案】bonus 【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们期望能分得年终奖。“红利”为名词bonus作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填bonus。 29．In face of the terrible flood, the girl was into crying. (受惊吓, 受惊恐) 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查动词。句意：面对可怕的洪水，这个女孩被吓得哭了起来。根据汉语提示“受惊吓，受惊恐”及“was ____ into crying”可知，此空应是过去分词frightened，与was一起构成被动语态。sb. be frightened into doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“某人因受惊吓而做某事”。故填frightened。 30．David was writing a poem when he was suddenly (打断) by a knock at the door. 【答案】interrupted 【详解】考查动词。句意：大卫正在写一首诗，这时突然有人敲门把他打断了。根据汉语提示可知用动词interrupt，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填interrupted。 三、完成句子 31．厨师表示，菜单已根据当地口味进行了调整。 The chef said that the menu to suit local tastes. 【答案】 had been adjusted 【详解】考查动词语态。表示“调整”用adjust，调整菜单发生在said之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且主语the menu与adjust之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。从句谓语用had been done。故填had been adjusted。 32．他投资失败，最后沦落为街头乞讨。 He failed in his investment and begging in the streets finally. 【答案】 was reduced to 【详解】考查固定搭配和一般过去时的被动语态。表示“沦落到做某事”应用固定搭配be reduced to doing，为被动语态。根据“He failed in investment”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。主语he为三单形式。故填①was②reduced③to。 33．一晚上就行走了60英里，所以他们很疲惫。 Sixty miles in a single night, so they were exhausted. 【答案】 was covered 【详解】考查动词和主谓一致。对比中英文可知，空处表示“行走了”，可用动词cover，cover和主语Sixty miles之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，结合“were”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语Sixty miles应视作一个整体概念，be动词应用was。故填was covered。 34．约翰不停地安慰我说，我们注定在一起。 John was constantly me that we were be together. 【答案】 conforting meant to 【详解】考查动词和动词短语。第一空，句中已有“was constantly”，结合语境可知此处是过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，表示过去持续进行的动作，“安慰”的动词形式为comfort，其现在分词为comforting；第二、三空需填表示“注定”的固定结构，“be meant to do sth”是固定短语，意为“注定要做某事”，空前已有be动词were。故填①comforting；②meant；③to。 35．最后一切都会好起来的，青少年时期遇到的变化和挑战会让你为成年做好准备。 Everything all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. 【答案】 will turn out 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“结果是，证明是”用动词短语turn out，本句描述将来发生的事情，时态用一般将来时，谓语用will turn out。故填①will；②turn；③out。 36．新的经理下周将接管这个部门。 The new manager will the department next week. 【答案】 take over 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“接管”用动词短语take over，动词原形和will构成一般将来时。故填①take②over。 37．我们尽快做出决定很重要。 important we make a decision as soon as possible. 【答案】 It is that 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“……很重要”用句型it be important that…，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，结合后文make可知为一般现在时，首字母大写。故填①It②is③that。 38．价格，连同其他条款，已在合同中列出。 The price, other terms, is listed in the contract. 【答案】 along with 【详解】考查固定搭配。空处需填表示“连同”的英语搭配，固定搭配along with表示“连同、和……一起”，符合句意；且该结构遵循“就远原则”，句子主语为The price，谓语动词用单数is，语法逻辑一致。故填①along②with。 39．我想买那辆车；另一方面，它确实很贵。 I want to buy that car; , it is really expensive. 【答案】 on the other hand 【详解】考查介词短语。结合句意表示“另一方面”短语为on the other hand，故填on the other hand。 40．他极力主张我们立即采取行动。 He strongly that we immediate action. 【答案】 urged take 【详解】考查动词短语。第一空表示“主张”用动词urge，发生在过去用一般过去时；第二空表示“采取行动”短语为take action，且宾语从句为虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故填①urged；②take。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s tallest bridge opened to traffic recently in southwest China’s Guizhou province, a sign of the country’s progress in rural infrastructure (基础设施). Officially 41 (know) as the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, it stands 625 meters above the Beipan River and has a main span of 1,420 meters. It is 42 longest-span bridge in mountainous land globally. It took three years 43 (complete) the 2,890-meter structure. Equipped with a smart cable crane system connected to BeiDou navigation, engineers achieved millimeter-level precision in lifting heavy steel parts. Its special design helps it withstand typhoon-force winds, making 44 extremely safe. The bridge cuts travel time between the two banks from 2 hours to just 2 minutes 45 boosts local development. It links scenic spots like Huangguoshu Waterfall 46 nearby areas into a one-hour tourism circle. So far, the project has won 21 national 47 (patent). These innovations have been added to national bridge-building standards. Guizhou, home to nearly half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges, is 48 (appropriate) called China’s “bridge museum”. This new landmark 49 (show) China’s strength in infrastructure construction and will continue to benefit people 50 (live) in local areas for decades. 【答案】 41．known 42．the 43．to complete 44．it 45．and 46．to/with 47．patents 48．appropriately 49．shows 50．living 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国贵州省新近通车的花江大峡谷大桥，包括其建筑数据、建造技术、工程创新以及对当地交通、旅游和发展带来的积极影响，彰显了中国在基础设施建设领域的实力。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：该桥正式名为花江大峡谷大桥，距北盘江江面625米，主跨1420米。分析句子结构可知，句子已有由and连接的两个谓语动词“ stands”和“has”，空处应用非谓语形式。根据逻辑主语“it”与“know”的被动关系可知，此处应用过去分词作状。故填known。 42．考查冠词。句意：它是全球山区主跨最长的桥梁。根据“longest-span”可知，此处为形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the表特指。故填the。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座全长2890米的桥梁耗时三年建成。根据固定句型“It takes/took + 时间 + to do sth.(做某事花费多长时间)”可知，此处应用不定式to complete作真正主语，其中it为形式主语。故填to complete。 44．考查代词。句意：其特殊设计使其能够抵御台风级大风，极为安全。分析句子结构可知，此处应用代词it指代前文提到的“the bridge”，作making的宾语。故填it。 45．考查连词。句意：该桥将两岸的通行时间从2小时缩短至仅2分钟，并推动了当地发展。根据句意可知，空格前后“cuts travel time”和“boosts local development”为两个并列的谓语动词短语，动作顺承，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 46．考查介词。句意：它将黄果树瀑布等景点与周边地区连接起来，形成一小时旅游圈。根据固定搭配“link... to/with...”表示“将……与……连接起来”可知，此处填to或with均可。故填to/with。 47．考查名词复数。句意：到目前为止，该项目已获得21项国家专利。根据数词“21”可知，此处应用可数名词“patent(专利)”的复数形式。故填patents。 48．考查副词。句意：贵州拥有全球100座最高桥梁中的近一半，被恰当地称为中国的“桥梁博物馆”。此处修饰谓语动词“is called”，应用形容词appropriate的副词形式appropriately，表示“恰当地”。故填appropriately。 49．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这座新地标彰显了中国在基础设施建设领域的实力，并将在未来几十年继续惠及当地居民。根据上下文语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“This new landmark”为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填shows。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座新地标彰显了中国在基础设施建设领域的实力，并将在未来几十年继续惠及当地居民。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作后置定语，修饰名词“people”。动词live与其逻辑主语“people”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填living。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Of all the towns touched by the long polar night, Rjukan in Norway has found a way 51 (create) its own sunlight. Located deep in a narrow valley between high mountains, this historic industrial town was covered in shadow for almost half of each year. For a hundred years, its people watched the sun pass high above the mountain tops, never 52 (reach) their streets below. The town’s founder once imagined catching 53 (it) light with mirrors, but the technology back then wasn’t ready. That old dream finally 54 (come) true in 2013. The town set up three large, computer-controlled mirrors on the mountainside. These smart mirrors follow the sun’s path across the sky all day. Like artists working with light, they collect the sunshine that misses the valley 55 send a bright, warm ray of light straight down 56 the town square. The result is wonderful. On 57 clear winter day, the circle of light becomes a lively center for the community. People come together to relax, talk, and enjoy nice coffee under this 58 (borrow) sun. It is more than a clever piece of engineering; it is a powerful act of care. The project has raised people’s spirits, brought the community much 59 (close), and turned a geographical problem into a sign of human creativity. For this clever 60 (solve) and its cultural value, Rjukan earned a spot on the UNESCO World Heritage list, showing that even sunlight can be guided to warm the human heart. 【答案】 51．to create 52．reaching 53．its 54．came 55．and 56．to/into 57．a 58．borrowed 59．closer 60．solution 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了挪威的留坎镇因地处深山峡谷常年受极夜影响，当地通过在山腰设置智能反光镜为小镇创造阳光，这一创意不仅解决了地理难题，还凝聚了社区，也让该镇因这一巧妙方案和文化价值入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：在所有受漫长极夜影响的城镇中，挪威的留坎镇找到了一种创造自己阳光的方法。固定搭配a way to do sth.表示“做某事的方法”，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填to create。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：一百年来，这里的人们看着太阳在山顶上空掠过，却从未照到山下的街道。句中已有谓语动词watched，且无连词连接，故此处用非谓语动词；reach与其逻辑主语the sun之间为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填reaching。 53．考查代词。句意：该镇的创始人曾设想用镜子捕捉阳光，但当时的技术还不成熟。此处修饰名词light，需要用形容词性物主代词作定语，it的形容词性物主代词为its，指“太阳的”。故填its。 54．考查动词时态。句意：这个古老的梦想终于在2013年实现了。根据时间状语in 2013可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。故填came。 55．考查连词。句意：就像用光创作的艺术家一样，这些镜子收集错过山谷的阳光，并将一束明亮、温暖的光线直射到镇广场。空前后为两个并列的谓语动作collect和send，表顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 56．考查介词。句意：就像用光创作的艺术家一样，这些镜子收集错过山谷的阳光，并将一束明亮、温暖的光线直射到镇广场。固定搭配send...to/into...表示“把……送到/射入……”，此处指将光线射到镇广场，to和into均符合语境。故填to/into。 57．考查冠词。句意：在一个晴朗的冬日，这圈光成了社区热闹的中心。day为可数名词单数，此处表“一个晴朗的冬日”，为泛指，且clear是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们聚在一起，在这借来的阳光下放松、聊天、享用美味的咖啡。此处修饰名词sun，需要用非谓语动词作定语；borrow与sun之间为被动关系，表示“被借来的”，用过去分词形式。故填borrowed。 59．考查形容词比较级。句意：这个项目振奋了人们的精神，让社区的联系更加紧密，并将一个地理难题转化为人类创造力的象征。much常用来修饰形容词比较级，强调程度，close的比较级为closer，表示“更紧密的”。故填closer。 60．考查名词。句意：凭借这个巧妙的解决方案及其文化价值，留坎镇入选了联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，这表明即便是阳光，也能被引导来温暖人心。空前有形容词clever修饰，且指前文提到的反光镜造阳光的方案，应用名词形式；solve的名词为solution，此处表单数概念。故填solution。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Science Fiction 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 一、单句语法填空 1．The government made a (declare) that they would perform a thorough reform. 2．Please call me to set up an (appoint) at your convenience. 3．At present, many a farm (destroy) because of the unsustainable land use and worsening droughts. 4．When the tourists arrived, the old building (restore) by workers, so they couldn’t get in. 5．The old letters (sort) out by the volunteers before they were donated to the local museum. 6．The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty (find) within a jade tube initially.   7．Not only the equipment but also the core experimental data (compromise) in the recent system failure. 8．The turbine (test) by an energy technology company in Beijing in September of 2025 and it is the world’s largest flying wind turbine. 9．They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same (calculate). 10．The teacher was (consider) of students’ learning paces and adjusted the lesson speed accordingly. 11．In recent years two chess clubs (run) to make a profit in my neighbourhood. 12．The saleswoman (convince) to try her best to promote cigarettes yesterday. 13．It was (announce) that the prime minister would speak on television that evening. 14．Born in the city of Hefei in eastern China in 1922, Yang (raise) on the campus of Tsinghua University. 15．An activity (organise) to satisfy the students’ curiosity about traditional festivals last week. 16．The small island (strike) by a violent storm last night. 17．The moment Li Xuyao appeared after ten minutes, he was (cover) with mud all over his body. 18．More attention (pay) to environmental protection in recent years as people’s awareness increases. 19．The letter was written in such a hurry that several spelling mistakes can still be found even after it (check) twice by the editor. 20．Most buildings alongside (decorate) with carved wood. Each one appeared to invite me to take a closer look. 二、单词拼写 21．He earns an annual (薪金) of $40,000. 22．I (假定) him to be the president of the Student Union. 23．Germany (宣布) war on France in 1914. 24．The Committee has decided to (解雇) him. 25．They decided to (暂停) trade with that country. 26．On the ceremony he showed neither decency (体面) nor (庄重). 27．It is an (荒谬的) theory and no one will believe it. 28．The workers expected to share out a year-end (红利). 29．In face of the terrible flood, the girl was into crying. (受惊吓, 受惊恐) 30．David was writing a poem when he was suddenly (打断) by a knock at the door. 三、完成句子 31．厨师表示，菜单已根据当地口味进行了调整。 The chef said that the menu to suit local tastes. 32．他投资失败，最后沦落为街头乞讨。 He failed in his investment and begging in the streets finally. 33．一晚上就行走了60英里，所以他们很疲惫。 Sixty miles in a single night, so they were exhausted. 34．约翰不停地安慰我说，我们注定在一起。 John was constantly me that we were be together. 35．最后一切都会好起来的，青少年时期遇到的变化和挑战会让你为成年做好准备。 Everything all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. 36．新的经理下周将接管这个部门。 The new manager will the department next week. 37．我们尽快做出决定很重要。 important we make a decision as soon as possible. 38．价格，连同其他条款，已在合同中列出。 The price, other terms, is listed in the contract. 39．我想买那辆车；另一方面，它确实很贵。 I want to buy that car; , it is really expensive. 40．他极力主张我们立即采取行动。 He strongly that we immediate action. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s tallest bridge opened to traffic recently in southwest China’s Guizhou province, a sign of the country’s progress in rural infrastructure (基础设施). Officially 41 (know) as the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, it stands 625 meters above the Beipan River and has a main span of 1,420 meters. It is 42 longest-span bridge in mountainous land globally. It took three years 43 (complete) the 2,890-meter structure. Equipped with a smart cable crane system connected to BeiDou navigation, engineers achieved millimeter-level precision in lifting heavy steel parts. Its special design helps it withstand typhoon-force winds, making 44 extremely safe. The bridge cuts travel time between the two banks from 2 hours to just 2 minutes 45 boosts local development. It links scenic spots like Huangguoshu Waterfall 46 nearby areas into a one-hour tourism circle. So far, the project has won 21 national 47 (patent). These innovations have been added to national bridge-building standards. Guizhou, home to nearly half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges, is 48 (appropriate) called China’s “bridge museum”. This new landmark 49 (show) China’s strength in infrastructure construction and will continue to benefit people 50 (live) in local areas for decades. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Of all the towns touched by the long polar night, Rjukan in Norway has found a way 51 (create) its own sunlight. Located deep in a narrow valley between high mountains, this historic industrial town was covered in shadow for almost half of each year. For a hundred years, its people watched the sun pass high above the mountain tops, never 52 (reach) their streets below. The town’s founder once imagined catching 53 (it) light with mirrors, but the technology back then wasn’t ready. That old dream finally 54 (come) true in 2013. The town set up three large, computer-controlled mirrors on the mountainside. These smart mirrors follow the sun’s path across the sky all day. Like artists working with light, they collect the sunshine that misses the valley 55 send a bright, warm ray of light straight down 56 the town square. The result is wonderful. On 57 clear winter day, the circle of light becomes a lively center for the community. People come together to relax, talk, and enjoy nice coffee under this 58 (borrow) sun. It is more than a clever piece of engineering; it is a powerful act of care. The project has raised people’s spirits, brought the community much 59 (close), and turned a geographical problem into a sign of human creativity. For this clever 60 (solve) and its cultural value, Rjukan earned a spot on the UNESCO World Heritage list, showing that even sunlight can be guided to warm the human heart. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $