Unit 6 Disaster and hope重点单词,单词变形,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第三册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Disaster and hope”主题，构建“词汇-语法-语篇”递进训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|20题|考查词形转换、非谓语、时态语态等语法点|从基础词法（如immediate→immediately）到句法（如By last weekend完成时），层层递进| |单词拼写|10题|主题相关名词（county）、动词（rescue）等拼写|围绕“灾害与希望”主题，强化核心词汇在语境中的应用| |完成句子|10题|固定句型（compare to）、动词短语（react to）应用|连接语法规则与语义表达，提升语言输出准确性| |语篇语法填空|10题|综合考查语法（非谓语）与词汇（harm→harmful）|在语篇中整合知识点，培养语境分析的思维品质|

Unit 6 Disaster and hope 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 一、单句语法填空 1．The broken window was (immediate) repaired by the workers after the storm. 2．We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working to conduct this project. 3．She may regain the trust of her friends if (back) down now. 4．You need to listen to the (announce) to find out who is playing next. 5．While (walk) in the forest, we found a lot of rare plants. 6．By last weekend, all the damaged roads in the mountain area   (repair) by the local government. 7．I was about (go) to bed when there was a loud knock at the door. 8．The teacher always reminds us (hand) in our homework before the first class every morning. 9．The rising sea level (threat) the coastal cities with flooding if we don’t take effective measures soon. 10．The committee (consist) of ten members, including two representatives from the local community. 11．It is (type) of him to get up early and read English aloud for half an hour every morning. 12．The sudden (occur) of the earthquake caught the residents off guard and caused great damage. 13．It’s important to stay calm when facing unexpected (emergency) in daily life. 14．If (accept) for this post, you will be informed within a week. 15．If you grow up in a large family, you’re more likely to develop the ability (get) on well with others. 16．Luckily, I was told how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while (perform) the routine. 17．It may take a long time to find a (solve) to the problem. 18． (compare) with his brother, he was easier to get along with. 19．When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting (rescue)． 20．This lets the speaker know that you understand (precise) what he or she has said. 二、单词拼写 21．Her cheerful character made her the most popular girl in the (郡，县). 22．Faced with different (危机), the old woman still keeps her head. 23．Sometimes, if the weather (预报) is good, my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break. 24．Tu Youyou’s team evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical (性质). 25．Organic farming is (无处，哪里都不) near able to meet that need. 26．She (抓住) her bag from the kitchen counter and rushed out of the door. 27．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to (救援) the dead. 28．“All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while (加强) China and building a shared future for all.” 29．I try to learn one or two new things every year,   (否则) I get bored. 30．A number of the (卫星) record data on land and weather patterns. 三、完成句子 31．We often . 我们常把老师比作蜡烛。 32．But it can certainly keep me entertained while . 但它肯定可以让我在等待妻子救我时保持娱乐。 33． that I had left the door unlocked. 我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。 34．他捡起汤姆的书包，然后快速跑开了。 He belonging to Tom and ran away quickly. 35．同学们对班主任的提议有何反应？ How did the students the head teacher’s suggestion? 36．既然你们忙得够呛，我们就不再麻烦你们了。 enough we won’t trouble you any more. 37．I had bacon and eggs for breakfast，and now I'm ... 我早餐吃了熏肉和鸡蛋，现在我觉得有点不舒服 38．He is friendly to us. And , he studies very well. 他对我们很友好，而且，他学得很好。 39．当这座博物馆建成后，它将于明年向公众开放。 , the museum will be open to the public next year. 40． she always lies to others, so she is not reliable. 她一贯对别人撒谎，所以她不可靠。 After the terrible earthquake, the entire city is facing a very hard time. The damage 41 (cause) by the quake is beyond imagination, leaving thousands of people homeless. Many 42 (survivor) are now staying in simple shelters and still cannot believe what happened. They look sad 43 shocked. One elderly man, 44 house was completely destroyed, said he had never experienced such 45 awful scene in his life. “I felt the ground shaking violently, and then everything around me 46 (fall) down. I was just grateful to find out that my family all survived.” He stood there, looking at what was left of his home. Rescue workers, 47 (work) day and night, have finally made some progress. They are trying their best to help people. Though the city is badly damaged, hope is 48 (slow) returning. People are beginning to come together 49 (help) each other. They share food and water. “We will rebuild our homes,” a young volunteer said firmly while helping to clear the road. Now, the city starts to revive itself and gets back up 50 its feet. Everyone is working hard to make things better, step by step. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Natural disasters are events caused by natural phenomena (现象) that result in heavy damage, environmental destruction, injuries and even loss of life. These disasters 51 (group) into weather-and climate-driven events and earth-driven events. Weather-related disasters often result from extreme weather conditions, with heavy rainfall from hurricanes and typhoons frequently causing flooding. Earth-driven disasters, on the other hand, result from geological processes. Volcanic eruptions release 52 (harm) gases, endangering surrounding communities. From a practical (实际的) point 53 view, the influence of natural disasters is beyond immediate destruction, destroying economies and leaving people homeless. After such events, 54 (affect) by challenges in providing emergency relief, rebuilding infrastructure (基础设施), and supporting residents, communities are always busy. Worse still, 55 (follow) a disaster, many victims suffer from long-term mental health problems. While we cannot prevent these events, we can take active steps to prepare for them and lessen 56 (they) influence. In an effort 57 (reduce) the effects of natural disasters, societies must make good preparations, including early warning plans 58 will keep residents informed of potential threats, emergency response plans and disaster-resistant buildings. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help communities have 59 better understanding of the risks and respond 60 (effective). 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Disaster and hope 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 一、单句语法填空 1．The broken window was (immediate) repaired by the workers after the storm. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：暴风雨过后，工人们立刻修好了破碎的窗户。提示词修饰动词repaired，用副词immediately作状语，意为“立刻”。故填immediately。 2．We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working to conduct this project. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在寻找一个可靠且勤奋的人来负责这个项目。空格前的is是系动词，且与形容词hard-working由并列连词and连接，因此空格处需要填入形容词，构成“系动词 + 形容词”的系表结构。rely是动词，意为“依赖；依靠”，其对应的形容词形式是reliable，表示“可靠的；值得信赖的”。故填reliable。 3．She may regain the trust of her friends if (back) down now. 【答案】backing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果她现在让步，她可能会重新获得朋友们的信任。if引导条件状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，此从句完整形式为if she is backing down now，she is可省略，故填backing。 4．You need to listen to the (announce) to find out who is playing next. 【答案】announcement 【详解】考查名词。句意：你需要听通知来弄清楚下一个出场的是谁。分析句子结构可知，定冠词the后需接名词，announce对应的名词形式是announcement，表“通知；布告”，此处表特指的相关通知，用单数形式即可。故填announcement。 5．While (walk) in the forest, we found a lot of rare plants. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在森林里散步时，我们发现了很多稀有植物。本句中we和walk是主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语。故填walking。 6．By last weekend, all the damaged roads in the mountain area   (repair) by the local government. 【答案】had been repaired 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到上周末为止，山区所有受损的道路都已由当地政府修复完毕。设空处使用动词作谓语，时间状语By last weekend是过去完成时时态标志，主语roads与repair是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been repaired。 7．I was about (go) to bed when there was a loud knock at the door. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我正要上床睡觉，这时有人大声敲门。go to bed“上床睡觉”。be about to do sth. when...为固定句型，表示“正要做某事，这时……”，本空用go的不定式。故填to go。 8．The teacher always reminds us (hand) in our homework before the first class every morning. 【答案】to hand 【详解】考查不定式。句意：老师总是提醒我们每天早上第一节课前交作业。remind sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“提醒某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式to hand。故填to hand。 9．The rising sea level (threat) the coastal cities with flooding if we don’t take effective measures soon. 【答案】will threaten 【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：如果我们不尽快采取有效措施，海平面上升将使沿海城市面临被洪水淹没的威胁。此句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故填will threaten。 10．The committee (consist) of ten members, including two representatives from the local community. 【答案】consists 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：委员会由十名成员组成，包括两名来自当地社区的代表。consist of 是固定搭配，表示“由…… 组成”，此处需填动词形式，主语The committee为单数，应填动词第三人称单数形式，填consists。 11．It is (type) of him to get up early and read English aloud for half an hour every morning. 【答案】typical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他总是习惯于每天早起，花半个小时大声朗读英语。固定句型 It is typical of sb. to do sth. 表示 “某人做某事是典型的”，此处需填形容词typical。故填typical。 12．The sudden (occur) of the earthquake caught the residents off guard and caused great damage. 【答案】occurrence 【详解】考查名词。句意：地震的突然发生让居民们措手不及，并造成了巨大损失。定冠词The和形容词sudden后需接名词，occur 的名词形式是occurrence，意为“发生的事情”。故填occurrence。 13．It’s important to stay calm when facing unexpected (emergency) in daily life. 【答案】emergencies 【详解】考查名词。句意：在日常生活中面对突发的紧急情况时，保持冷静是非常重要的。设空处使用名词作宾语，emergency为可数名词，意为“紧急情况”，此处表示复数意义。故填emergencies。 14．If (accept) for this post, you will be informed within a week. 【答案】accepted 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果被录用担任这个职位，你将在一周内得到通知。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。此句中if从句省略了主语you和be动词are，you与accept之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式accepted，与are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填accepted。 15．If you grow up in a large family, you’re more likely to develop the ability (get) on well with others. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养出与他人和睦相处的能力。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词ability，“做某事的能力”常用“ability to do sth.”结构。故填to get。 16．Luckily, I was told how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while (perform) the routine. 【答案】performing 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：幸运的是，有人告诉我如何在做这套动作时放松肌肉，保持平静的心态。根据题干可知，设空处作时间状语从句的谓语，I作主语，状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，从句为“while I was performing the routine(我在做这套动作时)”，从句谓语中有be动词，可将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，故填performing。 17．It may take a long time to find a (solve) to the problem. 【答案】solution 【详解】考查名词。句意：找到解决这个问题的方法可能需要很长时间。根据句意和空前的a可知，此处应用名词单数solution“解决办法”作find的宾语。故填solution。 18． (compare) with his brother, he was easier to get along with. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与他哥哥相比，与他相处更容易。句中已有was，空处作非谓语动词，短语be compared with表示“和……相比”，去掉be动词，使用过去分词作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。 19．When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting (rescue)． 【答案】to be rescued 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时他们被困在山里，等待救援。分析句子结构可知，wait后接不定式表示目的意图，且逻辑主语they与rescue之间为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动形式，“wait to be rescued”表示“等待被救援”。故填to be rescued。 20．This lets the speaker know that you understand (precise) what he or she has said. 【答案】precisely 【详解】考查副词。句意：这让说话者知道你准确地理解了他或她所说的话。空格处需修饰动词understand，要用副词形式，precise为形容词，意为“准确的”，其副词形式为precisely。故填precisely。 二、单词拼写 21．Her cheerful character made her the most popular girl in the (郡，县). 【答案】county 【详解】考查名词。句意：她开朗的性格让她成为了这个郡（县）里最受欢迎的女孩。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“郡，县”应用county，为可数名词；空前有定冠词the修饰，表特指某个郡（县），需用单数形式，符合语境。故填county。 22．Faced with different (危机), the old woman still keeps her head. 【答案】crises 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：面对不同的危机，这位老妇人依然保持冷静。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“危机”以及空前的形容词“different (不同的)”可知，此处应用可数名词crisis的复数形式crises，符合“different后接可数名词复数”的语法规则和“面临多种危机”的语境。故填crises。 23．Sometimes, if the weather (预报) is good, my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break. 【答案】forecast 【详解】考查名词。句意：有时，如果天气预报显示天气不错，我和朋友们就会驱车前往乡下度过一个周末的假期。根据汉语提示可知用名词forecast，作主语，故填forecast。 24．Tu Youyou’s team evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical (性质). 【答案】properties 【详解】考查名词。句意：屠呦呦团队对280000种植物的药用性质进行了评估。此处为名词作介词“for”的宾语，根据汉语提示“性质”，对应的名词是property；结合空前“their”可知，此处需用复数形式properties，medical properties意为“药用性质”。故填properties。 25．Organic farming is (无处，哪里都不) near able to meet that need. 【答案】nowhere 【详解】考查副词。句意：有机农业根本无法满足这一需求。根据汉语提示可知用副词nowhere，构成nowhere near表示“远非，根本不”。故填nowhere。 26．She (抓住) her bag from the kitchen counter and rushed out of the door. 【答案】grabbed 【详解】考查动词。句意：她从厨房的台面上抓起包，冲出门去。根据汉语提示“抓住”可知，此处使用动词grab，作谓语，结合语境和后文rushed可知，句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。 故填grabbed。 27．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to (救援) the dead. 【答案】rescue 【详解】考查动词。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派出15万名士兵前往唐山，挖出被困人员并救援死者。根据汉语提示“救援”，“rescue”符合语境。句中“to dig out...”与“to rescue...”为并列结构，共同作目的状语，“to”后接动词原形。故填rescue。 28．“All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while (加强) China and building a shared future for all.” 【答案】strengthening 【详解】考查动词。句意：“总而言之，出国留学有助于塑造品格，增加人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国的实力，为所有人构建共同的未来。”“加强”应用动词strengthen，结合“while”和“building”可知，此处用了while引导状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，strengthen和被省略的主语studying abroad之间是主动关系，应用strengthen的现在分词形式。故填strengthening。 29．I try to learn one or two new things every year,   (否则) I get bored. 【答案】otherwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：我努力每年学一两件新东西，否则我会感到无聊。此处为副词作状语，根据汉语提示“否则”，对应的英文副词是otherwise。故填otherwise。 30．A number of the (卫星) record data on land and weather patterns. 【答案】satellites 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多卫星记录陆地和天气模式的数据。根据汉语提示“卫星”可知，本空用名词satellite，根据a number of“许多”可知，用复数形式，作主语。故填satellites。 三、完成句子 31．We often . 我们常把老师比作蜡烛。 【答案】compare a teacher to a candle 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“把……比作”应用compare...to，为固定搭配，在本句中作谓语，由often可知，这里时态用一般现在时，主语We为复数，所以这里应用动词原形；表示“老师”应用a teacher；表示“蜡烛”应用a candle。故填compare a teacher to a candle。 32．But it can certainly keep me entertained while . 但它肯定可以让我在等待妻子救我时保持娱乐。 【答案】I wait for my wife to rescue me 【详解】考查固定短语。主语为I；表示“等待某人做某事”短语为wait for sb. to do sth.；表示“妻子”用名词wife；表示“救”用动词rescue，后跟me作宾语。陈述事实用一般现在时。故填I wait for my wife to rescue me。 33． that I had left the door unlocked. 我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。 【答案】It occurred to me 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“我忽然想起”可以用固定句型It occurs to me表示，根据下文的I had left the door unlocked可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填It occurred to me。 34．他捡起汤姆的书包，然后快速跑开了。 He belonging to Tom and ran away quickly. 【答案】picked up the bag 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“捡起”应用动词短语pick up，结合“ran”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“书包”应用the bag。故填picked up the bag。 35．同学们对班主任的提议有何反应？ How did the students the head teacher’s suggestion? 【答案】react to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“对……作出反应”应用动词短语react to，该句为特殊疑问句，助动词did提前，所以使用动词原形。故填react to。 36．既然你们忙得够呛，我们就不再麻烦你们了。 enough we won’t trouble you any more. 【答案】Now that/Since you are busy 【详解】考查原因状语从句和形容词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“既然你们忙得够呛”，“既然”可用连词短语now that或连词since，引导原因状语从句，从句的主语“你们”用代词you，“忙得够呛”即“很忙碌”，可用be动词和形容词busy构成系表结构，结合主句中的“won’t trouble”可知，从句描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，be动词应用are，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Now that/Since you are busy。 37．I had bacon and eggs for breakfast，and now I'm ... 我早餐吃了熏肉和鸡蛋，现在我觉得有点不舒服 【答案】feeling a bit sick 【详解】考查现在进行时。“觉得” 可以用 feel，根据 now表明动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时 “be + 动词 - ing” 结构，am feeling ；“有点不舒服”，“有点” 表达为 a bit ，“不舒服” 是 sick。故填feeling a bit sick 。 38．He is friendly to us. And , he studies very well. 他对我们很友好，而且，他学得很好。 【答案】in addition/what’s more 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“而且”，是固定短语in addition/what’s more。故填in addition/what’s more。 39．当这座博物馆建成后，它将于明年向公众开放。 , the museum will be open to the public next year. 【答案】 When completed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。对比中英文提示，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用when；表示“完成”用动词complete，与主语the museum构成被动关系，此处省略主语和be动词，首字母大写，故用过去分词形式。故填When completed。 40． she always lies to others, so she is not reliable. 她一贯对别人撒谎，所以她不可靠。 【答案】It is typical that 【详解】考查形式主语。根据汉语提示可知，本题使用固定句型“It is typical that...”，该句型用于描述某人或某事具有典型的行为或特点，符合句意中的“她一贯……”。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。故填It is typical that。 After the terrible earthquake, the entire city is facing a very hard time. The damage 41 (cause) by the quake is beyond imagination, leaving thousands of people homeless. Many 42 (survivor) are now staying in simple shelters and still cannot believe what happened. They look sad 43 shocked. One elderly man, 44 house was completely destroyed, said he had never experienced such 45 awful scene in his life. “I felt the ground shaking violently, and then everything around me 46 (fall) down. I was just grateful to find out that my family all survived.” He stood there, looking at what was left of his home. Rescue workers, 47 (work) day and night, have finally made some progress. They are trying their best to help people. Though the city is badly damaged, hope is 48 (slow) returning. People are beginning to come together 49 (help) each other. They share food and water. “We will rebuild our homes,” a young volunteer said firmly while helping to clear the road. Now, the city starts to revive itself and gets back up 50 its feet. Everyone is working hard to make things better, step by step. 【答案】 41．caused 42．survivors 43．and 44．whose 45．an 46．fell 47．working 48．slowly 49．to help 50．on 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述某地遭遇强烈地震后城市满目疮痍，幸存者处境艰难，救援人员全力施救，人们互帮互助共渡难关并着手重建家园。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：地震造成的破坏超乎想象，让成千上万的人无家可归。此处为非谓语动词作定语，The damage与cause为被动关系，用过去分词caused。故填caused。 42．考查名词复数。句意：许多幸存者现在住在简易的避难所里，仍然无法相信所发生的一切。此处由Many修饰，survivor为可数名词，需用复数形式survivors。故填survivors。 43．考查连词。句意：他们看起来既悲伤又震惊。此处sad和shocked为并列的形容词，表并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 44．考查定语从句。句意：一位房子完全被毁的老人说，他一生中从未经历如此可怕的场景。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为One elderly man，与空后的house构成所属关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 45．考查冠词。句意：一位房子完全被毁的老人说，他一生中从未经历如此可怕的场景。此处scene为可数名词单数，表泛指“一个可怕的场景”，awful是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 46．考查动词时态。句意：我感觉到地面剧烈摇晃，然后我周围的一切都倒塌了。此处与felt为并列的谓语动词，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时fell。故填fell。 47．考查非谓语动词。句意：日夜奋战的救援人员终于取得了一些进展。此处为非谓语动词作定语，Rescue workers与work为主动关系，用现在分词working。故填working。 48．考查副词。句意：尽管这座城市遭到严重破坏，但希望正慢慢回归。此处修饰动词returning，用slow的副词形式slowly，意为“慢慢地”。故填slowly。 49．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们开始团结起来互相帮助。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。 50．考查介词。句意：现在，这座城市开始复苏，重新站起来。此处为固定搭配get back on one’s feet，意为“重新站起来；恢复元气”，用介词on。故填on。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Natural disasters are events caused by natural phenomena (现象) that result in heavy damage, environmental destruction, injuries and even loss of life. These disasters 51 (group) into weather-and climate-driven events and earth-driven events. Weather-related disasters often result from extreme weather conditions, with heavy rainfall from hurricanes and typhoons frequently causing flooding. Earth-driven disasters, on the other hand, result from geological processes. Volcanic eruptions release 52 (harm) gases, endangering surrounding communities. From a practical (实际的) point 53 view, the influence of natural disasters is beyond immediate destruction, destroying economies and leaving people homeless. After such events, 54 (affect) by challenges in providing emergency relief, rebuilding infrastructure (基础设施), and supporting residents, communities are always busy. Worse still, 55 (follow) a disaster, many victims suffer from long-term mental health problems. While we cannot prevent these events, we can take active steps to prepare for them and lessen 56 (they) influence. In an effort 57 (reduce) the effects of natural disasters, societies must make good preparations, including early warning plans 58 will keep residents informed of potential threats, emergency response plans and disaster-resistant buildings. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help communities have 59 better understanding of the risks and respond 60 (effective). 【答案】 51．are grouped 52．harmful 53．of 54．affected 55．following 56．their 57．to reduce 58．that/which 59．a 60．effectively 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害的相关内容。 51．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：这些灾害可分为由天气和气候引发的事件以及由地球本身引发的事件。disasters和group之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语disasters是复数，因此空格处是are grouped。故填are grouped。 52．考查形容词。句意：火山喷发会释放有害气体，危及周边社区。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词gases，此处表示“有害气体”，空格处意为“有害的”，形容词是harmful。故填harmful。 53．考查介词。句意：从实际角度来看，自然灾害的影响远不止是直接的破坏，它还会摧毁经济、使人们无家可归。固定短语point of view意为“观点”，故填of。 54．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这些事件发生之后，由于在提供紧急救援、重建基础设施以及为居民提供支持等方面面临诸多挑战，受影响的社区总是忙忙碌碌的。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词，表被动，作状语，故填affected。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，在灾难发生之后，许多受害者会遭受长期的心理健康问题。句中谓语是suffer，空格处用非谓语动词，主语many victims和follow之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词，表主动，作状语，故填following。 56．考查物主代词。句意：虽然我们无法阻止这些事件的发生，但我们可以采取积极的措施来做好准备，以减轻其影响。they和influence之间是所属关系，因此用形容词性物主代词their，修饰influence，故填their。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减轻自然灾害的影响，社会必须做好充分的准备，包括制定预警计划（该计划将让居民了解潜在的威胁）、应急响应计划以及建造抗震建筑。固定搭配in an effort to do意为“为了做某事”，故填to reduce。 58．考查定语从句。句意：为了减轻自然灾害的影响，社会必须做好充分的准备，包括制定预警计划（该计划将让居民了解潜在的威胁）、应急响应计划以及建造抗震建筑。空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词plans是物，因此用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，故填that或which。 59．考查冠词。句意：此外，教育和宣传活动能够帮助社区更好地了解风险并做出有效应对。固定搭配have a better understanding of意为“更好地了解”，故填a。 60．考查副词。句意：此外，教育和宣传活动能够帮助社区更好地了解风险并做出有效应对。空格处修饰动词respond，应用副词effectively意为“有效地”，作状语。故填effectively。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $