期末复习之单词短语句型语法巩固复习练100题（Units 1-8，紧贴新教材）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期月考期中期末挑战满分冲刺卷（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语期末词汇语法综合巩固，通过分层题型构建从单词到句子的逻辑链条，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词拼写|30题|考查动词/形容词/副词等词汇应用，含词性转换及时态|从基础词汇积累到语境中词形变化，构建词汇网络| |单项选择|40题|覆盖被动语态/现在完成时/疑问词+不定式等语法点|语法规则与语境应用结合，强化语法知识系统性| |完成句子|30题|涉及短语搭配/句型转换/同义句改写|从句子结构到综合表达，提升语言输出能力|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期末复习之单词短语句型语法巩固复习练100题（Units 1-8，紧贴新教材） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、单词拼写 1．We should q________ up when we wait for the train. 2．We should speak to old people ________ (礼貌地). 3．His ________ (行为) is always polite in public. 4．He is a ________ (细心的) boy and does everything carefully. 5．We are having a ________ (讨论) about good manners. 6．He greeted me with a warm ________ (问候). 7．Don’t ________ (乱丢) rubbish everywhere. 8．We decide to ________ (预定) tickets and hotels online in advance. 9．This book is very ________ (education). We can learn a lot from it. 10．The doctor advised patients with weak ________ (stomach) to eat either boiled vegetables or plain rice instead of fried food. 11．This book is very h________ for us to learn manners. 12．You should behave ________ (得体地) in Western countries. 13．They often ________ (摇动) hands when they meet for the first time. 14．It’s our ________ (轮流) to clean the blackboard. 15．I think no one can ________ (true) understand how much I love these stories. 16．I spent a lot of time ________ (describe) my feelings about the book to my friends. 17．Good ________ (communicate) skills help me share my ideas better with others. 18．The other day, I ________ (pick) up The Old Man and the Sea from the school library for the first time. 19．While I ________ (enjoy) the story of the old man fighting with the big fish, my sister came in and asked me to lend her the book after I finished it. 20．Now, please keep quiet. My sister ________ (read) the same book in her room. 21．Therefore, I ________ (share) my thoughts about it at the reading club next Friday. 22．Miss Zhang, as well as her class, ________ (keep) doing extracurricular (课外的) English reading. It does help improve their overall reading skills. 23．The ________ (south) coast of China produces a wealth of local fruits, such as litchi and longan. 24．It suddenly started to rain while they ________ (play) soccer. 25．I don’t know how ________ (solve) this difficult maths problem. 26．Look! What a tidy and clean room! Who ________ (clean) it? 27．If more trees are ________ (plant), our environment will become better. 28．All of us ________ (make) great progress in the past few years. 29．After finishing a book, I often wonder which book ________ (choose) next, but reading itself is always the right answer. 30．This ancient town has been ________ (know) as the “Venice of the East” since the Ming Dynasty because of its canals and bridges. 二、单项选择 31．It’s important for us ________ understand the meaning of hard work and responsibility. A．for B．to C．of D．with 32．The river is badly ________ because of the waste water. A．pollute B．polluted C．pollution D．polluting 33．Whenever I feel upset, I prefer ________ around the lake ________ myself up. A．to cycle; to cheering B．cycling; to cheering C．to cycle; to cheer D．cycling; cheer 34．— Running is necessary for us to keep healthy. — I agree. Every student should ________ a sporting activity. A．come across B．put away C．pick up D．turn down 35．— Our team won the competition! — Great! No one can succeed alone. ________, teamwork plays a key part in success. A．In fact B．For example C．First of all D．As a result 36．It’s polite to ________ your hands before meals in many Chinese families. A．wash B．to wash C．washing D．washed 37．________ a great honour for me ________ to speak here today. A．It’s; to be invited B．I’m; to invite C．It’s; inviting D．I’m; being invited 38．It’s necessary for teenagers ________ learn to manage their time and study habits. A．for B．to C．of D．with 39．—This year’s dragon boat race was really exciting! I was so proud of our team. —Me too! I heard the video of the race ________ thousands of times during the festival. A．watched B．was watched C．will be watched D．is watching 40．This small device is ________ by solar power. A．power B．powered C．powering D．powers 41．Bob ________ by his coach to train for the long jump and he succeeded. A．encourages B．is encouraged C．was encouraged D．will be encouraged 42．Cashiers in shops and supermarkets may soon ________ by machines in the near future. A．replaces B．is replacing C．will replace D．be replaced 43．Last month, he and his parents _________ to a Family Space Camp. A．invite B．invited C．were invited D．was invited 44．—Did you take part in the volunteer activity in the hospital last weekend? —No, I ________. Because I had a bad cold that day. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t invited D．am not invited 45．The eco-friendly car is so great. I believe it ________ to the public in the near future. A．shows B．will show C．has shown D．is going to be shown 46．The important meeting ________ tomorrow morning. Don’t be late. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 47．Thousands of trees ________ on the hills last spring. A．planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will plant 48．Many useful books ________ for kids in the 1990s. A．write B．are written C．will be written D．were written 49．Paper ________ by Cai Lun over 1,900 years ago. A．is invented B．invented C．was invented D．will be invented 50．The window ________ by a little boy in the football game just now. A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken 51．Changzhou Museum has so many wonderful art treasures that it is well worth ________. A．being visited B．visited C．visit D．visiting 52．Every year, lots of money ________ to help children in poor areas. A．is used B．are used C．was used D．used 53．A new teaching building ________ in our school next month. A．will build B．builds C．will be built D．is built 54．—I can’t decide ________ for the bench. —I think brown is better. A．which color painting B．what color to paint C．what to paint color D．how paint color 55．—I don’t know ________. —You can ask Mr. White. A．what to read during the holiday B．who to ask for help with writing C．how to use the computer to draw D．when to hand in my homework 56．The notice tells us ________ the rubbish. It says “Recyclable here, non‑recyclable there”. A．where can we put B．where putting C．where to put D．where put 57．The app doesn’t show ________ a new account (账号). You have to read the instructions carefully. A．what can we create B．how can we create C．what to create D．how to create 58．— Could you tell me ________ to start my book review? — You can begin with the writer’s background and the main plot of the story. A．when B．where C．how D．why 59．— Jack will go to Dalian for his summer holiday. How about you? — I haven’t decided ________. A．where to go B．how to go C．when to go D．who to go with 60．— What a wonderful car! When did you buy it? — I ______ it for two years. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 61．Tom ________ a lot about the East African Rift Valley from his geography book. Now he can tell us its history. A．has learned B．learned C．learns D．will learn 62．—________ you ever ________ a book by J.K. Rowling? —Yes, I’ve read the Harry Potter series. A．Did; read B．Have; read C．Do; read D．Are; reading 63．This is the most exciting book I ________. A．have ever read B．ever read C．read D．am reading 64．—Where is Peter? He ________ here just now. —He ________ to the library. He’ll be back soon. A．was; has gone B．is; has been C．was; has been D．is; went 65．So far, I ________ more than twenty different novels. A．read B．have read C．will read D．was reading 66．The little girl ________ never ________ to a foreign country, but she has read many travel books. A．has; been B．have; been C．has; gone D．have; gone 67．How long ________ you ________ a volunteer at the nursing home? A．have; been B．did; be C．are; being D．were; being 68．—Jim, where is your homework? You must ________ now. —All right, Mr Smith. A．hand it in B．hand in it C．hand it on D．hand on it 69．Little Tony is running too fast. He is going to ________. A．fall off B．fall over C．fall asleep D．fall behind 70．—I think ________ is important to help people with disabilities.   —Yes, I totally agree with you. A．it B．this C．that D．what 三、完成句子 71．对青少年来说，学会如何应对压力很重要。 Learning how to ________ ________ stress is very important for teenagers. 72．这项艺术可追溯至明代初年。 The art can be ________ to the early Ming Dynasty. 73．自从政府开始实施乡村振兴计划，我的家乡已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。 Great changes have ________ ________ in my hometown since the government started the rural revitalization plan. 74．擦窗户并不总被认为是份好差事，但我永远不会后悔。 Window cleaning is not always _______ a good job, but I’ll never regret it. 75．我们应该明智地使用能源，因为它终有一天会耗尽。 We should use energy wisely because it will ________ ________ one day. 76．从上个月起，这个慈善机构就向残疾人们伸出了援助之手。 The charity _____________________. 77．My elder sister has already finished her homework.（改为否定句） My elder sister ________ her homework ________. 78．首先，我们需要讨论一下读书计划。 ________ ________ ________, we need to ________ the reading plan. 79．这本书是由一家著名出版社出版的。 This book was published by a famous ________ ________. 80．虽然他很累，但他还是完成了概要。 ________ he was tired, he still finished the ________. 81．He fell over and hurt his leg. (改为否定句） He ________ ________ over and hurt his leg. 82．You should hand in your homework right away.（同义句） You should hand in your homework ________ ________. 83．许多国家已经同中国建立了亲密友好关系。 Many countries have _________ _________ friendships with China. 84．The article is so easy that everyone can understand it. (同义句) The article is ________ ________ ________ everyone to understand. 85．You shouldn’t take food and drink into the concert hall. Food and drink shouldn’t ________ ________ into the concert hall. 86．You shouldn’t be angry about that thing. (改为同义句) You ________ ________ to be angry about that thing. 87．我看到一条黄色的手环系在她的手腕上。 I saw that a yellow band was ________ ________ her wrist. 88．所有高空中的岁月，都将珍藏在我的记忆里。 All my days up high in the air will be ________________. 89．我的生活已经焕然一新。 My life has ________________. 90．人们的职业在历史上发生了变化。 People’s jobs ________ ________ throughout history. 91．become  our town  more  over the years  modern  has ___________________________________. 92．我爸爸已经去过北京好几次了。 My father ____________________________________ Beijing many times. 93．Uncle Wu went to Beijing. He hasn’t returned yet. Uncle Wu ________ Beijing. 94．史密斯先生在自然历史博物馆工作了10多年，所以他对昆虫了解很多。 Mr. Smith ________ ________ at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects. 95．去年一整个学期，他设法每天都写一篇英文日志。 He ________ journal every day for the whole semester last year. 96．他捐了尽可能多的钱给慈善机构。 He has ________ as much money as possible ________ ________. 97．今年我们小区里新涌现出了很多咖啡店。 New coffee shops have ________ ________ in our neighbourhood this year. 98．My sister isn’t careful enough to notice these details. (同义句转换) My sister is _______ _______ ______ notice these details. 99．is, human curiosity, cannot, stopped, and, it, ambition, because, be (.)（连词成句） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 100．Mr. White wondered where he could buy a map of Shanghai. Mr. White wondered ________ buy a map of Shanghai. 6 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期末复习之单词短语句型语法巩固复习练100题（Units 1-8，紧贴新教材） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、单词拼写 1．We should q________ up when we wait for the train. 【答案】queue/ueue 【详解】句意：我们等火车时应该排队。句中出现了固定搭配queue up，意为“排队”；同时，情态动词should后需要接动词原形，故填queue。 2．We should speak to old people ________ (礼貌地). 【答案】politely 【详解】句意：我们应该礼貌地跟老人讲话。用副词“礼貌地”修饰动词“speak”，英文为“politely”。 3．His ________ (行为) is always polite in public. 【答案】behaviour 【详解】句意：他在公共场合的行为总是很礼貌。句中“行为”为名词，后面的be动词是is，用单数形式，对应的英文单词是behaviour。 4．He is a ________ (细心的) boy and does everything carefully. 【答案】careful 【详解】句意：他是一个细心的男孩，做所有事都很认真。括号内的提示“细心的”对应单词careful，它是形容词，在句中修饰名词boy；且冠词a后接以辅音音素开头的单词，careful符合语法要求，故填careful。 5．We are having a ________ (讨论) about good manners. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：我们正在讨论良好礼仪。句中“having a...”后需接名词，“讨论”的英文名词形式为“discussion”，构成固定搭配“have a discussion about sth”(就某事进行讨论)。 6．He greeted me with a warm ________ (问候). 【答案】greeting 【详解】句意：他用一个温暖的问候向我打招呼。句中“问候”为名词，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式，对应的英文单词是greeting，故填greeting。 7．Don’t ________ (乱丢) rubbish everywhere. 【答案】litter 【详解】句意：不要到处乱丢垃圾。根据“Don’t”提示，后接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式。“乱丢”为动词litter。 8．We decide to ________ (预定) tickets and hotels online in advance. 【答案】book 【详解】句意：我们决定提前在网上预定车票和酒店。句中“预定”对应的英文单词是book，在“decide to do sth.”这一固定搭配中，to后需接动词原形，因此此处填book。 9．This book is very ________ (education). We can learn a lot from it. 【答案】educational 【详解】句意：这本书很有教育意义。我们可以从中学到很多东西。句中“This book is very…”表示这本书是有教育意义的，空处应填形容词“educational”，作表语，符合语境。故填educational。 10．The doctor advised patients with weak ________ (stomach) to eat either boiled vegetables or plain rice instead of fried food. 【答案】stomachs 【详解】句意：医生建议肠胃虚弱的患者吃水煮蔬菜或白米饭，而不是油炸食品。此处泛指患者们的胃，需用复数形式，stomach的复数形式为stomachs，在句中作介词with的宾语。 11．This book is very h________ for us to learn manners. 【答案】helpful/elpful 【详解】句意：这本书对我们学习礼仪很有帮助。根据首字母提示和“for us to learn manners”可知，此处表示对我们学习礼仪有帮助。形容词helpful“有帮助的”符合语境。 12．You should behave ________ (得体地) in Western countries. 【答案】properly 【详解】句意：在西方国家你应该举止得体。得体地：properly，修饰谓语动词behave，作状语。 13．They often ________ (摇动) hands when they meet for the first time. 【答案】shake 【详解】句意：他们第一次见面时经常握手。shake“摇动”；shake hands是固定搭配，意为“握手”。句中时间状语often（经常）表明句子时态为一般现在时，主语they是复数，因此动词使用原形shake。 14．It’s our ________ (轮流) to clean the blackboard. 【答案】turn 【详解】句意：轮到我们擦黑板了。根据汉语提示“轮流”，以及固定句型It’s one’s turn to do sth.（轮到某人做某事），这里需要填名词turn，这个单词在该句型中是固定用法，且用单数形式。 15．I think no one can ________ (true) understand how much I love these stories. 【答案】truly 【详解】句意：我想没有人能真正理解我有多爱这些故事。空格处需要修饰动词understand，故填true的副词形式truly。 16．I spent a lot of time ________ (describe) my feelings about the book to my friends. 【答案】describing 【详解】句意：我花了很多时间向朋友们描述我对这本书的感受。固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”，表示“花费时间做某事”，故describe需变为动名词形式describing，故填describing。 17．Good ________ (communicate) skills help me share my ideas better with others. 【答案】communication 【详解】句意：良好的沟通技巧帮助我更好地与他人分享我的想法。句中“skills”为名词，其前需用作定语的词语修饰skills，communicate的名词形式为communication，构成固定短语communication skills“沟通技巧”，故填communication。 18．The other day, I ________ (pick) up The Old Man and the Sea from the school library for the first time. 【答案】picked 【详解】句意：前几天，我第一次从学校图书馆借了《老人与海》。句中“The other day”表示过去的时间，提示应用一般过去时。pick的过去式为picked，故填picked。 19．While I ________ (enjoy) the story of the old man fighting with the big fish, my sister came in and asked me to lend her the book after I finished it. 【答案】was enjoying 【详解】句意：当我正沉浸在老人与大鱼搏斗的故事中时，我妹妹走进来，让我看完书后借给她。句中“While”引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行，且主句“came in”为一般过去时，故从句应用过去进行时。enjoy的过去进行时形式为was enjoying，故填was enjoying。 20．Now, please keep quiet. My sister ________ (read) the same book in her room. 【答案】is reading 【详解】句意：现在请保持安静，我妹妹正在她房间里读同一本书。句首的“Now”和“please keep quiet”表明动作正在发生，需要用现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+动词-ing形式。主语My sister是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is，故填is reading。 21．Therefore, I ________ (share) my thoughts about it at the reading club next Friday. 【答案】will share 【详解】句意：因此，我将在下周五的读书俱乐部分享我对它的看法。句中“next Friday”表示将来的时间，提示应用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。share的一般将来时形式为will share。 22．Miss Zhang, as well as her class, ________ (keep) doing extracurricular (课外的) English reading. It does help improve their overall reading skills. 【答案】keeps 【详解】句意：张老师和她的班级一直坚持做课外英语阅读。这确实有助于提高他们的整体阅读技能。as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最远的主语保持一致，Miss Zhang是第三人称单数，结合后一句的一般现在时语境（does help），动词keep需变为keeps。 23．The ________ (south) coast of China produces a wealth of local fruits, such as litchi and longan. 【答案】southern 【详解】句意：中国南部沿海地区盛产丰富的本地水果，例如荔枝和龙眼。此处修饰名词需用形容词，“south”的形容词形式为“southern”，在句中作定语修饰“coast”。 24．It suddenly started to rain while they ________ (play) soccer. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：他们踢足球的时候突然下起雨来。while引导的时间状语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态用过去进行时，表示一个动作发生的时候另一个动作正在进行，结构为was/were+doing，主语they为复数，be动词用were，play的现在分词为playing。 25．I don’t know how ________ (solve) this difficult maths problem. 【答案】to solve 【详解】句意：我不知道如何解决这道难题。句中“how”是疑问副词，引导“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，表示“如何做某事”。动词“know”后常接“疑问词+to do”结构，构成“know how to do sth.”，意为“知道如何做某事”。故填to solve。 26．Look! What a tidy and clean room! Who ________ (clean) it? 【答案】has cleaned 【详解】句意：看！多么整洁干净的房间啊！是谁打扫的？房间现在的整洁状态，是过去打扫这个动作造成的影响，因此用现在完成时；主语Who作单数看待，助动词用has，clean的过去分词为cleaned。 27．If more trees are ________ (plant), our environment will become better. 【答案】planted 【详解】句意：如果种植更多树木，我们的环境将会变得更好。 本句是被动语态结构：be + 过去分词；plant的过去分词是planted。 28．All of us ________ (make) great progress in the past few years. 【答案】have made 【详解】时间状语in the past few years“在过去几年里”是现在完成时的标志，现在完成时的结构是have/has + 过去分词。主语All of us是复数，所以用have，make的过去分词是made。故填have made。 29．After finishing a book, I often wonder which book ________ (choose) next, but reading itself is always the right answer. 【答案】to choose 【详解】句意：读完一本书后，我常常想知道接下来该选哪本书，但阅读本身永远是最正确的选择。句中“wonder which book…”后接“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表达“要选择哪本书”的含义，故填to choose。 30．This ancient town has been ________ (know) as the “Venice of the East” since the Ming Dynasty because of its canals and bridges. 【答案】known 【详解】句意：这座古镇自明代起就因运河和桥梁而被称为“东方威尼斯”。本句为现在完成时的被动语态，结构为“have/has been+过去分词”；know的过去分词为known。 二、单项选择 31．It’s important for us ________ understand the meaning of hard work and responsibility. A．for B．to C．of D．with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对我们来说，去理解努力和责任的含义是重要的。 for对于；to不定式；of……的；with和。句子为“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”固定句型，表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”，空处填动词不定式符号“to”。 32．The river is badly ________ because of the waste water. A．pollute B．polluted C．pollution D．polluting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条河因为废水而被严重污染了。 句子是被动语态结构（be + 过去分词），表示“被污染”，pollute的过去分词形式为polluted。 33．Whenever I feel upset, I prefer ________ around the lake ________ myself up. A．to cycle; to cheering B．cycling; to cheering C．to cycle; to cheer D．cycling; cheer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每当我感到心烦时，我更喜欢绕湖骑行来让自己振作起来。 prefer to do sth. 意为“更喜欢做某事”；动词不定式to do常作目的状语。根据句意，第二空表示“为了让自己振作”，应用不定式to cheer，排除A、B、D项。第一空prefer后接to cycle符合用法。故选C。 34．— Running is necessary for us to keep healthy. — I agree. Every student should ________ a sporting activity. A．come across B．put away C．pick up D．turn down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——跑步对我们保持健康是必要的。——我同意。每个学生都应该开始从事一项体育活动。 come across偶遇；put away收好；pick up捡起，学会，开始从事；turn down拒绝，调低。根据“Running is necessary for us to keep healthy.”及“I agree.”可知，为了保持健康，学生应该参与或开始一项体育活动，pick up在此处符合“开始从事”的语境。 35．— Our team won the competition! — Great! No one can succeed alone. ________, teamwork plays a key part in success. A．In fact B．For example C．First of all D．As a result 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们队赢了比赛！——太好了！没有人能独自成功。事实上，团队合作在成功中起着关键作用。 In fact事实上；For example例如；First of all首先；As a result结果。根据“No one can succeed alone.”可知没有人能独自成功，后句是对前句观点的进一步确认和强调。In fact用于强调事实，符合语境。 36．It’s polite to ________ your hands before meals in many Chinese families. A．wash B．to wash C．washing D．washed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在许多中国家庭中，饭前洗手是有礼貌的。 wash洗，动词原形；to wash洗，动词不定式；washing洗，动名词；washed洗，过去式。固定句型“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语。句中已有不定式符号to，空格处需用动词原形。 37．________ a great honour for me ________ to speak here today. A．It’s; to be invited B．I’m; to invite C．It’s; inviting D．I’m; being invited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天能受邀在这里发言对我来说是莫大的荣幸。 根据题干可知，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，且“我”是被邀请，应用不定式的被动式to be invited，应填It’s; to be invited。 38．It’s necessary for teenagers ________ learn to manage their time and study habits. A．for B．to C．of D．with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：青少年有必要学会管理自己的时间和学习习惯。 for对于；to到/向；of……的；with和……一起。根据题干“It’s necessary for teenagers ________ learn...”可知，空格在动词learn前，应用to构成动词不定式，it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，应填to。 39．—This year’s dragon boat race was really exciting! I was so proud of our team. —Me too! I heard the video of the race ________ thousands of times during the festival. A．watched B．was watched C．will be watched D．is watching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今年的龙舟比赛真的很刺激！我为我们的团队感到骄傲。——我也是！我听说在节日期间，这个比赛的视频被观看了成千上万次。 根据“I heard...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，且主语“the video of the race”和谓语动词“watch”之间是被动关系，即视频被观看，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是单数，be动词用was，watch的过去分词是watched，应填was watched。 40．This small device is ________ by solar power. A．power B．powered C．powering D．powers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小装置是由太阳能供电的。 根据“This small device is...by solar power.”可知，主语device与动词power之间是被动关系，谓语结构为“be+动词的过去分词”。power的过去分词为powered。 41．Bob ________ by his coach to train for the long jump and he succeeded. A．encourages B．is encouraged C．was encouraged D．will be encouraged 【答案】C 【详解】句意：鲍勃被他的教练鼓励去训练跳远，并且他成功了。 根据“by his coach”可知主语Bob是动作承受者，应用被动语态；根据后一分句“he succeeded”可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，填was encouraged。 42．Cashiers in shops and supermarkets may soon ________ by machines in the near future. A．replaces B．is replacing C．will replace D．be replaced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在不久的将来，商店和超市的收银员可能很快就会被机器取代。 根据语境可知，主语“Cashiers”和谓语动词“replace”之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态，表示收银员被机器取代；may表示“可能”，是情态动词，其后接动词原形；且根据“in the near future”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be done”，may在这里表示对将来情况的一种推测，结合情态动词被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”，因此这里用“be replaced”。 43．Last month, he and his parents _________ to a Family Space Camp. A．invite B．invited C．were invited D．was invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月，他和他的父母被邀请参加一个家庭太空营。 根据“Last month”可知时态为一般过去时；主语“he and his parents”是复数，且与invite之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态were invited。 44．—Did you take part in the volunteer activity in the hospital last weekend? —No, I ________. Because I had a bad cold that day. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t invited D．am not invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上周末你参加医院的志愿者活动了吗？——不，我没有被邀请。因为那天我得了重感冒。 根据时间状语“last weekend”以及答语中“had”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“I”与动词“invite”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，应填wasn’t invited。 45．The eco-friendly car is so great. I believe it ________ to the public in the near future. A．shows B．will show C．has shown D．is going to be shown 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这辆环保车太棒了。我相信它在不久的将来将会被展示给公众。 根据时间状语“in the near future”可知，句子应用一般将来时；主语it指代汽车，与动词show之间是被动关系，应使用一般将来时被动语态“will be done”或“be going to be done”，D项符合。 46．The important meeting ________ tomorrow morning. Don’t be late. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：重要的会议将在明天早上举行。不要迟到。 根据时间状语“tomorrow morning”可知句子应用一般将来时；主语“The important meeting”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词。 47．Thousands of trees ________ on the hills last spring. A．planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will plant 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年春天成千上万棵树被种植在山上。 主语Trees与动词plant之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be done 结构；根据时间状语last spring可知时态为一般过去时，且主语是复数形式be动词用were。 48．Many useful books ________ for kids in the 1990s. A．write B．are written C．will be written D．were written 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在20世纪90年代，许多有用的书籍是为孩子们写的。 句子主语“Many useful books”与动词“write”是被动关系，应用被动语态；且时间状语“in the 1990s”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是复数，应填were written。 49．Paper ________ by Cai Lun over 1,900 years ago. A．is invented B．invented C．was invented D．will be invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：纸是蔡伦在1900多年前发明的。 主语Paper与动词invent之间为被动关系，且时间状语“over 1,900 years ago”表示过去，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态was invented。 50．The window ________ by a little boy in the football game just now. A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：刚才在足球比赛中，窗户被一个小男孩打破了。 根据时间状语“just now”可知句子时态为一般过去时；根据“by a little boy”可知主语The window与动词break之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词。主语The window是单数，be 动词用was。故选D。 51．Changzhou Museum has so many wonderful art treasures that it is well worth ________. A．being visited B．visited C．visit D．visiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：常州博物馆有这么多精美的艺术珍品，它非常值得参观。 be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，主动形式表被动含义，此处应填visit“参观”的现在分词形式visiting。 52．Every year, lots of money ________ to help children in poor areas. A．is used B．are used C．was used D．used 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年，大量的钱被用来帮助贫困地区的孩子们。 根据时间状语“Every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语money是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，且lots of money与使用之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，应填is used。 53．A new teaching building ________ in our school next month. A．will build B．builds C．will be built D．is built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下个月我们学校将会建好一座新的教学楼。 主语 A new teaching building 与动词 build 之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态；时间状语 next month 表明是一般将来时，结构为 will be + 过去分词。故选 C。 54．—I can’t decide ________ for the bench. —I think brown is better. A．which color painting B．what color to paint C．what to paint color D．how paint color 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我无法决定给长凳漆什么颜色。——我觉得棕色更好。 which color painting结构错误；what color to paint涂什么颜色；what to paint color结构错误；how paint color结构错误。decide后常接“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。根据答语brown可知询问的是颜色，应用what color，后接不定式to paint。 55．—I don’t know ________. —You can ask Mr. White. A．what to read during the holiday B．who to ask for help with writing C．how to use the computer to draw D．when to hand in my homework 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道该向谁寻求写作帮助。——你可以问怀特先生。 what to read during the holiday假期读什么；who to ask for help with writing向谁寻求写作帮助；how to use the computer to draw如何使用电脑画画；when to hand in my homework什么时候交我的作业。根据答句“You can ask Mr White”可知，问句询问的是“向谁”寻求帮助，应用who+不定式结构作宾语，应填who to ask for help with writing。 56．The notice tells us ________ the rubbish. It says “Recyclable here, non‑recyclable there”. A．where can we put B．where putting C．where to put D．where put 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这则通知告诉我们把垃圾放在哪里。上面写着“可回收的在这里，不可回收的在那里”。 where can we put我们放在哪里；where putting结构错误；where to put放在哪里；where put结构错误。tell sb后接宾语，此处可用“疑问词+不定式”结构简化宾语从句。应选where to put。 57．The app doesn’t show ________ a new account (账号). You have to read the instructions carefully. A．what can we create B．how can we create C．what to create D．how to create 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个应用程序没有显示如何创建新账号。你必须仔细阅读说明。 what can we create我们可以创建什么（疑问句语序且缺宾语）；how can we create我们如何创建（疑问句语序且缺宾语）；what to create创建什么；how to create如何创建。根据题干“doesn’t show ________ a new account”可知，应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，根据语境，应用程序没显示的是“如何”创建账号，应填how to create。 58．— Could you tell me ________ to start my book review? — You can begin with the writer’s background and the main plot of the story. A．when B．where C．how D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何开始写读书报告吗？——你可以从作者的背景和故事的主要情节开始。 when什么时候；where在哪里；how如何；why为什么。答句给出的是方法，表示“如何开始”，应填how。 59．— Jack will go to Dalian for his summer holiday. How about you? — I haven’t decided ________. A．where to go B．how to go C．when to go D．who to go with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——杰克将去大连过暑假。你呢？——我还没决定去哪里。 where to go“去哪里”，how to go“如何去”，when to go“何时去”，who to go with“和谁去”；根据上句“Jack will go to Dalian”可知，对话围绕度假地点展开，询问对方去哪里。 60．— What a wonderful car! When did you buy it? — I ______ it for two years. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多棒的车啊！你什么时候买的？——我已经拥有它两年了。 had有；bought买；have had已经拥有；have bought已经买了。根据时间状语“for two years”可知，句子时态应为现在完成时，排除选项A和B；动词buy属于非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，需转换为延续性动词have，其现在完成时结构为have had。 61．Tom ________ a lot about the East African Rift Valley from his geography book. Now he can tell us its history. A．has learned B．learned C．learns D．will learn 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆从他的地理书上学到了很多关于东非大裂谷的知识。现在他能告诉我们它的历史了。 根据后句“Now he can tell us its history.”可知，汤姆现在能讲述历史，说明“学习”这一动作发生在过去且对现在造成了影响（现在知道了），强调结果，应用现在完成时，应填has learned。 62．—________ you ever ________ a book by J.K. Rowling? —Yes, I’ve read the Harry Potter series. A．Did; read B．Have; read C．Do; read D．Are; reading 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾经读过J.K.罗琳写的书吗？——是的，我读过《哈利·波特》系列。 根据“ever”以及答语“I’ve read”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其基本结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语为you，助动词应用have，read的过去分词形式仍为read。应填Have; read。 63．This is the most exciting book I ________. A．have ever read B．ever read C．read D．am reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我曾经读过的最令人兴奋的书。 在“This is the+形容词最高级+名词+定语从句”结构中，从句通常用现在完成时，表示截止到说话时为止的经历。B项缺少助动词have，C项是一般过去时，D项是现在进行时，均不符合语法要求。故选A。 64．—Where is Peter? He ________ here just now. —He ________ to the library. He’ll be back soon. A．was; has gone B．is; has been C．was; has been D．is; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——彼得在哪里？他刚才还在这里。——他去图书馆了。他很快就会回来。 根据“just now”可知，第一空应用一般过去时was；根据问句“Where is Peter?”及答语“He’ll be back soon”，彼得现在不在这里，去了图书馆还没回来，第二空应用has gone (to)。 65．So far, I ________ more than twenty different novels. A．read B．have read C．will read D．was reading 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我已经读了二十多本不同的小说。 根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成影响。应填have read。 66．The little girl ________ never ________ to a foreign country, but she has read many travel books. A．has; been B．have; been C．has; gone D．have; gone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个小女孩从未去过外国，但她读过很多旅游书籍。 have/has been to表示曾经去过某地；have/has gone to表示去了某地未回。根据“The little girl...never...to a foreign country”，她从未“去过”外国，且主语“The little girl”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，应填has; been。 67．How long ________ you ________ a volunteer at the nursing home? A．have; been B．did; be C．are; being D．were; being 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你在养老院当志愿者多久了？ 根据“How long”可知，该句询问的是从过去持续到现在的时间段，应使用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”。主语是“you”，所以用“have been”。 68．—Jim, where is your homework? You must ________ now. —All right, Mr Smith. A．hand it in B．hand in it C．hand it on D．hand on it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你的作业在哪里？你现在必须把它交上来。——好的，史密斯先生。 hand in“上交”，hand on“传递”。根据“where is your homework”可知老师要求上交作业；代词作宾语时需放在两词之间，hand it in符合语境。 69．Little Tony is running too fast. He is going to ________. A．fall off B．fall over C．fall asleep D．fall behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小托尼跑得太快。他要摔倒了。 fall off从……掉落；fall over摔倒；fall asleep睡着；fall behind落后。根据句意，小托尼跑得太快了。他要摔倒了。因此选B。 70．—I think ________ is important to help people with disabilities.   —Yes, I totally agree with you. A．it B．this C．that D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为帮助残疾人很重要。——是的，我完全同意。 it它；this这；that那；what什么。在常用结构“It is +形容词+to do sth”中，需要用it作形式主语，避免句子头重脚轻，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语；this、that不能作形式主语，what放入句中句子结构不通。 三、完成句子 71．对青少年来说，学会如何应对压力很重要。 Learning how to ________ ________ stress is very important for teenagers. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中“应对”是关键词，表示“应对”的短语是deal with，how to后接动词原形。 72．这项艺术可追溯至明代初年。 The art can be ________ to the early Ming Dynasty. 【答案】traced back 【详解】原句中“追溯”是关键信息，表示“追溯到”的英文短语是trace back to，can be后接过去分词构成被动语态。应填traced back。 73．自从政府开始实施乡村振兴计划，我的家乡已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。 Great changes have ________ ________ in my hometown since the government started the rural revitalization plan. 【答案】 taken place 【详解】原句中“发生”是关键词，表示“发生”的短语是take place，句子为现在完成时，have后跟过去分词，故填taken；place。 74．擦窗户并不总被认为是份好差事，但我永远不会后悔。 Window cleaning is not always _______ a good job, but I’ll never regret it. 【答案】considered 【详解】关键词“被认为是……”对应be considered (as) sth.，此处为被动语态，故填过去分词形式considered。 75．我们应该明智地使用能源，因为它终有一天会耗尽。 We should use energy wisely because it will ________ ________ one day. 【答案】 run out 【详解】原句中“耗尽”为关键词，表示“耗尽”的短语为run out，will后面用动词的原形，应填run out。 76．从上个月起，这个慈善机构就向残疾人们伸出了援助之手。 The charity _____________________. 【答案】has offered a helping hand to the disabled people since last month/has offered the disabled people a helping hand since last month 【详解】原句中“从上个月起……伸出了援助之手”是关键信息，表示“伸出援助之手”的短语可以用两种结构：offer a helping hand to sb.或offer sb. a helping hand。句中含有since last month（从上个月起），表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时。主语The charity为第三人称单数，助动词用has，后接过去分词offered。故填has offered a helping hand to the disabled people since last month/has offered the disabled people a helping hand since last month。 77．My elder sister has already finished her homework.（改为否定句） My elder sister ________ her homework ________. 【答案】 hasn’t finished yet 【详解】句意：我的姐姐已经完成了作业。原句“My elder sister has already finished her homework.”使用了现在完成时。在将其改为否定句时，需在助动词has后加not，构成“hasn’t/has not+过去分词”结构。同时，原句中的标志词already常用于肯定句，在否定句中需改为yet并置于句末。 78．首先，我们需要讨论一下读书计划。 ________ ________ ________, we need to ________ the reading plan. 【答案】 First of all discuss 【详解】原句中的“首先”和“讨论”是关键词，“首先”对应的短语是first of all，句首首字母大写；“讨论”对应的单词是discuss，need to后接动词原形。 79．这本书是由一家著名出版社出版的。 This book was published by a famous ________ ________. 【答案】 publishing house 【详解】原句中“出版社”是关键词，表示“出版社”的短语为publishing house。故填publishing house。 80．虽然他很累，但他还是完成了概要。 ________ he was tired, he still finished the ________. 【答案】 Though/Although summary 【详解】原句中的“虽然”和“概要”是关键词，“虽然”对应的单词是Though或Although，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写；“概要”对应的单词是summary。 81．He fell over and hurt his leg. (改为否定句） He ________ ________ over and hurt his leg. 【答案】 didn’t fall 【详解】句意：他摔倒了，并且伤了他的腿。原句时态是一般过去时，且含有实义动词“fell”，改为否定句需借助助动词did的否定形式didn’t，并将动词“fell”还原为动词原形fall。 82．You should hand in your homework right away.（同义句） You should hand in your homework ________ ________. 【答案】 at/right once/ now 【详解】句意：你应该立刻上交作业。right away意为“立刻、马上”，同义短语为at once或right now。 83．许多国家已经同中国建立了亲密友好关系。 Many countries have _________ _________ friendships with China. 【答案】 formed close 【详解】原句中的“建立”是关键词，它的基础动词短语是form close friendships；句子是现在完成时（have+过去分词），所以form要变为过去分词formed，close修饰friendships表示“亲密的”。 84．The article is so easy that everyone can understand it. (同义句) The article is ________ ________ ________ everyone to understand. 【答案】 easy enough for 【详解】句意：这篇文章如此简单，以至于每个人都能理解它。原句“so...that...”引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。同义句可用“形容词+enough for sb to do sth.”结构，表示“对某人来说足够……以至于能够……”。easy enough意为“足够简单”，for后接everyone。 85．You shouldn’t take food and drink into the concert hall. Food and drink shouldn’t ________ ________ into the concert hall. 【答案】 be taken 【详解】句意：你不应该把食物和饮料带进音乐厅。 原句是主动句，动作take由主语you发出；改写后原宾语Food and drink变成主语，是动作的承受者，要用被动语态，含情态动词should的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+动词过去分词，动词take的过去分词是taken。 86．You shouldn’t be angry about that thing. (改为同义句) You ________ ________ to be angry about that thing. 【答案】 aren’t supposed 【详解】句意：你不应该为那件事生气。原句中的“shouldn’t”表示“不应该”，可以转换为“be not supposed to”结构，意为“不应该、不应当”。主语是You，be动词用are，否定形式为aren’t，后接supposed和不定式to。故填aren’t；supposed。 87．我看到一条黄色的手环系在她的手腕上。 I saw that a yellow band was ________ ________ her wrist. 【答案】 tied around 【详解】原句中“系在她的手腕上”是关键词，宾语从句中主语a yellow band和动作“系”是被动关系，要使用被动语态结构was+过去分词，表示“系、绑”的动词tie的过去分词为tied；手环是环绕固定在手腕上，介词around表示“环绕、绕在……上”，符合语义。故填tied；around。 88．所有高空中的岁月，都将珍藏在我的记忆里。 All my days up high in the air will be ________________. 【答案】treasured in my memory/kept in my memory 【详解】原句中“珍藏在我的记忆里”是关键词，“All my days up high in the air”作主语，根据句意，句子应该是一般将来时被动语态。表示“被珍藏在我的记忆里”的短语为“be treasured in my memory”或“be kept in my memory”，空格前已有“be”。 89．我的生活已经焕然一新。 My life has ________________. 【答案】taken on a new look 【详解】原句中“焕然一新”是关键词，表示“焕然一新，呈现新面貌”的英文是take on a new look，是动词短语。本句为现在完成时，has后需接过去分词，take的过去分词为taken。 90．人们的职业在历史上发生了变化。 People’s jobs ________ ________ throughout history. 【答案】 have changed 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处表达“发生了变化”，强调从过去到现在的变化，用现在完成时have changed，符合语境。 91．become  our town  more  over the years  modern  has ___________________________________. 【答案】Our town has become more modern over the years 【详解】根据所给标点及所给词可知，本句是肯定句。Our town作主语；has become作谓语；more modern作表语；over the years作状语，放句末。 92．我爸爸已经去过北京好几次了。 My father ____________________________________ Beijing many times. 【答案】has been to 【详解】原句中“已经去过”是关键信息，表示“去过某地”用have/has been to，主语My father为第三人称单数，应填has been to。 93．Uncle Wu went to Beijing. He hasn’t returned yet. Uncle Wu ________ Beijing. 【答案】has gone to 【详解】句意：吴叔叔去了北京，他还没有回来。改为同义句，原句表示“去了某地还未返回”，在英语中可用现在完成时结构have/has gone to表达，意为“去了某地 (还没回来)”，主语Uncle Wu是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 94．史密斯先生在自然历史博物馆工作了10多年，所以他对昆虫了解很多。 Mr. Smith ________ ________ at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects. 【答案】 has worked 【详解】原句中“工作了10多年”是关键词，“for + 一段时间”用现在完成时，结构为：have/has + 过去分词； 主语Mr. Smith是第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词work意思是“工作”，它的过去分词是worked。 95．去年一整个学期，他设法每天都写一篇英文日志。 He ________ journal every day for the whole semester last year. 【答案】managed to write an English/managed to keep an English 【详解】原句中“设法写一篇英文日志”是关键词，表示“设法做某事”的动词短语是manage to do sth。last year表示一般过去时，manage用过去式managed，“写一篇英文日志”可用动词短语write/keep an English journal表达。 96．他捐了尽可能多的钱给慈善机构。 He has ________ as much money as possible ________ ________. 【答案】 donated to charity 【详解】原句中表达“捐赠某物给……”是固定搭配donate…to…，句子为现在完成时，has后需接动词过去分词，donate的过去分词是donated；“慈善机构”对应单词charity。 97．今年我们小区里新涌现出了很多咖啡店。 New coffee shops have ________ ________ in our neighbourhood this year. 【答案】 sprung up 【详解】原句中“涌现”是关键词，表示“涌现、大量出现”的短语是spring up，本句为现在完成时，结构为“have+过去分词”。时间状语“this year”与现在完成时连用，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响。故填sprung up。 98．My sister isn’t careful enough to notice these details. (同义句转换) My sister is _______ _______ ______ notice these details. 【答案】 too careless to 【详解】句意：我妹妹不够细心，注意不到这些细节。原句中“isn’t careful enough to…”意为“不够细心以至于不能……”，可用“too careless to…”结构进行替换，意为“太粗心而不能……”，两者含义相同，保持句意不变。 99．is, human curiosity, cannot, stopped, and, it, ambition, because, be (.)（连词成句） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. 【详解】根据所给词及标点符号可知，本句为表语从句，句型It is because…意为“这是因为……”。because“因为”引导表语从句；human curiosity and ambition“人类的好奇心和雄心”，作从句的主语；cannot“不能”，情态动词后跟动词原形； be stopped为被动语态，表示“被阻止”；cannot be stopped作从句的谓语。 100．Mr. White wondered where he could buy a map of Shanghai. Mr. White wondered ________ buy a map of Shanghai. 【答案】where to 【详解】句意：怀特先生想知道在哪里能买到上海地图。原句“where he could buy”是宾语从句，可简化为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，在句中作wondered的宾语。故填where to。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $