精品解析：宁夏石嘴山市第一中学2025-2026学年高一下学期5月阶段检测英语试题

石嘴山市第一中学2025-2026学年高一年级下5月阶段检测 英语试题 (本卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。) 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SCIENCE NEEDS YOU! Citizen science is a new movement which involves members of the public, either singly or in groups, working towards a common goal. Very often, citizen scientists collect, report or analyse data. What makes a citizen scientist? Anyone who contributes their time, effort and whatever resources they have to a scientific research project is a citizen scientist. They come from all walks of life — housewives, retirees, students, sports people, children. There’s no need for a formal or strong scientific background, just passion. How to get involved? If you have a particular hobby, interest or expertise there’s almost certainly a project you can join. Search online for citizen science projects and pick out the ones you like. It could be observing insects, migratory birds, even plates movements; all you have to do is to record and hand in observations. You can use your laptop or even your smartphone to do this — easy! Here is an opportunity from NASA: Space Cloud Watch What you’ll do ◆Watch the sky at sunrise and sunset for noctilucent clouds (夜光云) and shoot them. ◆Upload your photos and observations to a website to contribute to research on Earth’s middle atmosphere. ◆Take notes when noctilucent clouds are absent, so you can report that too! Requirements ◆Time: 10-20 minutes ◆Equipment: Camera, smartphone or GPS receiver ◆Knowledge: No prior knowledge necessary 1. Who can be a citizen scientist? A. A well-educated person. B. A person with scientific passion. C. A person with a scientific background. D. A person with a professional career. 2. What does the Space Cloud Watch require participants to do? A. Observe insects at sunrise. B. Take pictures of clouds. C. Record cloud movements. D. Report data every week. 3. Who is the text most probably intended for? A. Professional scientists. B. Government officials. C. General public. D. Science students. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了公民科学的概念、参与方式以及一个具体的公民科学项目“太空云观测”。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anyone who contributes their time, effort and whatever resources they have to a scientific research project is a citizen scientist.(任何为科学研究项目贡献时间、精力和资源的人都是公民科学家)”和“There’s no need for a formal or strong scientific background, just passion. (不需要正式或强大的科学背景，只需要热情)”可知，只要有科学热情的人都可以成为公民科学家。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Space Cloud Watch部分中“Watch the sky at sunrise and sunset for noctilucent clouds (夜光云) and shoot them. (在日出和日落时观察天空中的夜光云并拍摄它们)”以及“Upload your photos and observations to a website (将你的照片和观察结果上传到网站)”可知，该活动要求参与者拍摄云的照片。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Citizen science is a new movement which involves members of the public, either singly or in groups, working towards a common goal. (公民科学是一项新运动，涉及公众成员，无论是个人还是团体，朝着共同目标努力)”以及第二段“Anyone who contributes their time, effort and whatever resources they have to a scientific research project is a citizen scientist. They come from all walks of life — housewives, retirees, students, sports people, children. (任何为科学研究项目贡献时间、精力以及任何资源的人都是公民科学家。他们来自各行各业——家庭主妇、退休人员、学生、运动爱好者、儿童)”可知，本文鼓励普通公众参与科学研究，因此最可能面向普通公众。 B Maria Rodriguez, our school cafeteria server for ten years, always greeted us with a warm smile while preparing meals. One Monday, however, I noticed her quietly wiping tears in the corner of the staff room. My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it... finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma. Struggling with hearing loss since childhood, Maria dropped out at 15 to support her sick parents. She worked multiple low-income jobs until securing stable work in our school cafeteria. Last year, when the school introduced a new digital ordering system, Maria’s supervisor gently explained that operating it required basic computer literacy — which in turn required a high school credential. “We’ll keep your position,” he said, “but to continue long-term, you’ll need to complete your diploma within two years.” Maria enrolled in night classes at a local adult education center. Balancing her cafeteria shifts, parenting two teenagers, and studying meant surviving on 4-5 hours of sleep nightly. She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed. Her biology teacher remarked, “Maria often stayed after class to review materials — her determination was extraordinary.” When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key unlocking doors I thought were sealed forever.” But for her, graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.” 4. Why was Maria crying in the staff room? A. She felt exhausted from overwork. B. She recalled her family difficulties. C. Her supervisor criticized her performance. D. She had achieved an important milestone. 5. What did the school require Maria to do to keep her job? A. Master the digital system within a nonth. B. Complete her high school education. C. Train another staff member. D. Switch to part-time work. 6. How did Maria motivate herself during tough times? A. By focusing on small symbols of progress. B. By reducing her workload significantly. C. By seeking financial support from the school. D. By prioritizing sleep over studying. 7. What can we learn from Maria’s story? A. Nothing can stop a willing heart. B. The early bird catches the worm. C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. Grasp all, lose all. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学校食堂员工Maria Rodriguez克服重重困难，在42岁时获得高中文凭，并继续追求更高目标的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it... finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma.(我的第一个想法是，她可能正面临着个人的困难——直到我看到她轻轻地拿着一个装裱好的证书，低声说：“我做到了……终于。”我很快意识到，她的眼泪是极度自豪的泪水。42岁的玛丽亚刚刚获得高中文凭)”可知，玛丽亚在员工休息室哭泣是因为她取得了一个重要的里程碑，获得了高中文凭。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Last year, when the school introduced a new digital ordering system, Maria’s supervisor gently explained that operating it required basic computer literacy — which in turn required a high school credential..(去年，当学校引入一个新的数字点餐系统时，玛丽亚的主管温和地解释说，操作这个系统需要基本的计算机知识，而这反过来又需要高中学历)”以及“but to continue long-term, you’ll need to complete your diploma within two years.(但为了长期工作下去，你需要在两年内完成学业)”可知，学校要求玛丽亚完成高中学业才能保住工作。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed.(她用一种独特的方式记录自己的进步：每通过一次模拟考试，她就在厨房的日历上贴一颗金星。“在疲惫的日子里，那些星星大声喊着‘继续加油！’”她笑着说)”可知，玛丽亚在困难时期用小金星来记录进步，通过关注这些象征着进步的小标志来激励自己。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma.(我很快意识到，她的眼泪是极度自豪的泪水。42岁的玛丽亚刚刚获得高中文凭)”和最后一段中“When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key unlocking doors I thought were sealed forever.”(当玛丽亚上个月拿到文凭时，她称之为“一把打开了我以为永远被封锁的大门的钥匙”)”可知，本文主要讲述了学校食堂员工Maria Rodriguez克服重重困难，在42岁时获得高中文凭，并继续追求更高目标的故事，由此可推知，从玛丽亚的故事中我们能学到：有志者事竟成。故选A项。 C Your genes are inherited from parents and ancestors, picking up traits that help us survive and evolve with environments around us. Much of this is encoded as natural instinct. When a baby is born, it needn’t be taught how to breathe or cry — this is hard-wired into our DNA. We know that when tired we need to sleep and when hungry we need to eat. The same goes for animals. Within two hours of being born, a foal (驹) attempts its first steps with little guidance from its parent, all from instinct. As well as our basic instincts, our genetics can carry more complex abilities, knowledge and reflexes (反应能力). Findings have also hinted that our facial expressions could be hard-wired behaviors. Babies start to smile at around two — again, this isn’t specifically taught. Although they may take in the expressions of people around, it’s hard to test if they connect emotion to the faces they see. However, a 2019 study showed that athletes who had been born blind made the same disheartened (沮丧的) expressions when losing as athletes with sight, suggesting that facial expressions may not be learnt from watching others. While genetics play a part, infants are also heavily influenced during their time in the womb (子宫). Mothers who eat strong-tasting foods such as garlic can affect children’s taste buds, giving them a fancy for the same tastes later in life. Taste and smell are important triggers that babies look for when first feeding, as the mother’s milk will carry the same flavors experienced in the womb. This pre-birth taste sampling increases their chances of survival. Generational memory could also explain why certain people are naturally gifted in areas like music or sport. Actually, the existence of it is hard to prove, since so many environmental and outside factors change behaviour and personality, especially with young minds, which are easily developed. However, the theory is starting to be taken more seriously, and studies involving short-generation life forms such as nematode worms (线虫) are making significant breakthroughs. We may soon have undeniable proof that our genetics pass down more than we think. 8. Which of the following behavior is hard-wired into our genes? A. Having meals due to hunger. B. Using tools to solve problems. C. Learning to walk at two years old. D. Recognizing parents’ voices after birth. 9. What does the author imply in paragraph 3? A. Facial expressions may have a genetic basis. B. Blind athletes can’t express emotions effectively. C. Babies learn facial expressions from their parents. D. Emotional responses are totally shaped by environment. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The role genetics play in babies’ survival. B. Infants’ adaptability to food flavors in the womb. C. Significance of taste and smell in infants’ growth. D. Impact of pregnant mothers’ diets on babies’ taste preferences. 11. What can we know about generational memory? A. It powerfully explains people’s talent. B. It has been proven by existing evidence. C. Environmental factors deny its existence. D. Promising scientific studies show its significance. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕基因遗传、本能行为、孕期环境对后代的影响以及代际记忆等科学话题展开，通过举例（如婴儿本能行为、盲人运动员的面部表情研究、线虫实验等），阐述基因对人类的影响以及与环境相互作用等方面的内容，展现遗传学领域的研究成果和现象。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When a baby is born, it needn’t be taught how to breathe or cry —this is hard-wired into our DNA. We know that when tired we need to sleep and when hungry we need to eat. The same goes for animals. (当婴儿出生时，不需要教他如何呼吸或哭泣——这是我们的DNA所固有的。我们知道累了需要睡觉，饿了需要吃饭。动物也是如此。)”可知，因为饥饿而吃饭是基因中固有的本能。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, a 2019 study showed that athletes who had been born blind made the same disheartened (沮丧的) expressions when losing as athletes with sight, suggesting that facial expressions may not be learnt from watching others. (然而，2019年的一项研究表明，先天失明的运动员在输球时的沮丧表情与视力正常的运动员一样，这表明面部表情可能不是通过观察别人来学习的。)”可知，面部表情可能不依赖后天观察学习，而是遗传本能。故选A。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“While genetics play a part, infants are also heavily influenced during their time in the womb (子宫). Mothers who eat strong-tasting foods such as garlic can affect children’s taste buds, giving them a fancy for the same tastes later in life. Taste and smell are important triggers that babies look for when first feeding, as the mother’s milk will carry the same flavors experienced in the womb. This pre-birth taste sampling increases their chances of survival. (虽然基因起了一定的作用，但婴儿在子宫里也受到了很大的影响。吃大蒜等味道浓烈的食物的母亲会影响孩子的味蕾，让他们在以后的生活中喜欢同样的味道。味觉和嗅觉是婴儿在第一次喂食时寻找的重要触发因素，因为母乳会携带与子宫内相同的味道。这种出生前的味道取样增加了他们的生存机会。)”可知，全段围绕母亲孕期饮食对婴儿味觉偏好的影响展开。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the theory is starting to be taken more seriously, and studies involving short-generation life forms such as nematode worms (线虫) are making significant breakthroughs. We may soon have undeniable proof that our genetics pass down more than we think. (然而，这一理论开始得到更认真的对待，涉及短代生命形式（如线虫）的研究正在取得重大突破。我们可能很快就会有不可否认的证据表明，我们的基因比我们想象的要传递得更多。)”可知，代际记忆的研究前景光明，科学界逐渐重视其意义。故选D。 D Nature has long been good for us. But most of environmental psychologists’ work has focused on green space — parks, forests, and the like. Now, a more recent wave of researchers is turning their attention to far bluer places. In 2010, Mat White, an environmental psychologist, and his colleagues discovered that people tended to rate photos of natural and urban environments as being more restorative when they had some sort of water element. This study, since cited over thousands of times, helped kick off the blue space research movement of today. So, what actually happens in your body and brain when you spend time at the beach? White and his colleagues analyzed data from 4,255 respondents in England to see which natural environments is more mentally relaxing. The coast rated slightly higher than woodlands and mountainous landscapes. What makes beaches particularly good for resting the overworked mind? Catherine Kelly, a cold-water swimming enthusiast, suspects it has to do with their scale: their expansive views that seem never to end. “When we visit the coast, we’ll feel a sense of awe (敬畏), where we get perspective on our problems and feel part of something bigger than ourselves,” she said. The emotion is known to reduce stress, engage a sense of purpose, and push us to act more selflessly. Besides, there is evidence that looking at waves lapping on a beach is associated with changes in our own brain waves, promoting alpha frequencies (频率) that indicate relaxation. Another research suggests that people tend to exercise for longer when sweating in the so-called“blue gym” than in green spaces — potentially because they perceive time as being more expansive when they’ re by the water. This prolonged physical activity may go on to improve sleep. The ongoing researches into the sea can be used to advocate for protecting coastal landscapes around the world. “That reciprocity (相互性) is really important,” Kelly says. “If we have a place that makes us feel well, then surely it’s our job to make sure it feels well too. ” 12. What can we learn about the 2010 research? A. It launched the space exploration. B. It advocated protecting the ocean. C. It offered a quite new perspective. D. It analysed the effect of beach sport. 13. Which aspect of the sea relaxes our mind according to Catherine Kelly? A. Its wilderness. B. Its vast expanse. C. Its fresh air. D. Its pain-easing power. 14. How does the ocean influence the visitors? A. It sharpens their sense of sight. B. It transforms their brain waves. C. It adjusts their biological clock. D. It reminds them of time passing. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. The coast is a place of healing B. The ocean protection matters C. Exercise is beneficial to health D. Nature can restore itself fully 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以往环境心理学研究多聚焦绿色空间，如今研究者开始关注蓝色空间。通过多项研究阐述了身处海边对人们身心的益处，如让人精神放松、改变脑电波、延长锻炼时间进而改善睡眠等，强调了海洋具有治愈作用。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2010, Mat White, an environmental psychologist, and his colleagues discovered that people tended to rate photos of natural and urban environments as being more restorative when they had some sort of water element. This study, since cited over thousands of times, helped kick off the blue space research movement of today.(2010年，环境心理学家马特·怀特和他的同事发现，当自然和城市环境的照片中含有某种水元素时，人们往往会认为这些照片更具恢复性。这项研究被引用了数千次，推动了如今蓝色空间研究运动的开展)”可知，2010年的研究发现了水元素对人们感知环境恢复性的影响，为环境心理学研究提供了一个全新的视角，即关注蓝色空间。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Catherine Kelly, a cold-water swimming enthusiast, suspects it has to do with their scale: their expansive views that seem never to end. “When we visit the coast, we’ll feel a sense of awe (敬畏), where we get perspective on our problems and feel part of something bigger than ourselves,” she said.(冷水游泳爱好者凯瑟琳·凯利怀疑这与海洋的规模有关：海洋广阔无垠，一眼望不到尽头。她说：“当我们来到海边，我们会感到一种敬畏之情，在那里我们能从不同角度看待自己的问题，并感觉自己是比自身更宏大事物的一部分”)”可知，凯瑟琳·凯利认为海洋的广阔无垠能让我们的心灵得到放松。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Besides, there is evidence that looking at waves lapping on a beach is associated with changes in our own brain waves, promoting alpha frequencies (频率) that indicate relaxation.(此外，有证据表明，看着海浪拍打着海滩，与我们自身脑电波的变化有关，会促进产生表明放松状态的α频率。)”可知，海洋会改变我们的脑电波。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇引出对蓝色空间（海洋相关）的研究，接着通过各项研究表明在海边对人们身心有诸多益处，如精神放松、改变脑电波、延长锻炼时间改善睡眠等，强调了海洋具有治愈作用。所以A选项“海岸是一个治愈之地”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Sports: More Than Fun — A Help for Body and Mind For high school students, balancing study and life can be challenging. Many feel stressed or low on energy,but there’s a simple solution: sports. ____16____ From physical healthy to mental strength, sports offer benefits that go far beyond the playground. First, sports keep your body in good shape. ____17____ It also strengthens your muscles and bones, which is especially important as you’re still growing. Without regular exercise, you might feel tired easily or get sick more often — problems that can slow down your studies. ____18____ When you’re stuck on a difficult math problem or worried about an exam, stress can build up quickly. Sports help you let go of that stress. When you exercise, your brain releases endorphins, a kind of chemical that makes you feel happy and relaxed. This clear mind can make it easier to focus on your homework later. Team sports, like volleyball or soccer, teach you valuable social skills too. You’ll learn to listen to your teammates’ advice, share your own ideas, and work together to win a game. ____19____ These skills aren’t just for sports — they’ll also help you in group projects at school or even future jobs. Finally, sports build your confidence and perseverance. Setting small goals, like running 800 meters faster or scoring a goal, pushes you to work hard. ____20____ In short, sports are more than just a way to have fun. They help you stay active and healthy. So why not choose a sport you enjoy and make it part of your daily life? A. They help you stay active and healthy. B. This not only improves your fitness. C. Sports are also a great way to reduce stress. D. When you reach that goal, you’ll feel proud. E. You have to communicate and cooperate with others. F. After a short workout, you’ll feel more relaxed and focused. G. They can help you stay healthy, reduce stress, and build skills. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【原文】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了体育运动对高中生而言不仅是娱乐方式，更在身体健康、缓解压力、培养社交技能、建立自信与毅力等方面具有重要作用，呼吁高中生将喜欢的运动纳入日常生活。 【16题详解】 本题在第一段段中。由它前面一句“Many feel stressed or low on energy, but there’s a simple solution: sports. (很多高中生感到压力大或精力不足，但有一个简单的解决办法：运动)”和下一句“From physical health to mental strength, sports offer benefits that go far beyond the playground.(从身体健康到心理韧性，体育运动带来的好处远不止于运动场)”可知，本空要承接上文的“运动是解决办法”，并引出下文的“运动多方面好处”，G项“它们能帮助你保持健康、缓解压力并培养技能”能承上启下，而且主语They指代上文的sports。故选G。 【17题详解】 本题在第二段段中。根据它前面一句“First, sports keep your body in good shape.(首先，运动能让你的身体保持良好状态)”以及后面一句“It also strengthens your muscles and bones, which is especially important as you’re still growing.(它还能增强你的肌肉和骨骼，这对你仍在发育的身体来说尤为重要)”可知，本空要承接上文的“保持身体状态”，并与下文的“增强肌肉骨骼”形成递进关系，B项“这不仅能提升你的体能”能衔接上下文，而且主语This可以指代上文的“sports keep your body in good shape”，且该选项中的“not only”与下文的“also”构成“不仅……而且……”的递进结构，具体说明运动对身体的第一层好处（提升体能），再引出第二层好处（增强肌肉骨骼）。故选B。 【18题详解】 本题在第三段首句。根据下文“When you’re stuck on a difficult math problem or worried about an exam, stress can build up quickly. Sports help you let go of that stress.(当你被一道数学难题困住或担心考试时，压力会迅速累积。运动能帮助你释放这种压力)”可知，本空要作为本段主旨句，概括“运动能缓解压力”这一核心内容，C项“运动也是缓解压力的好方法”能总领全段，符合题意。该选项中的also承接上文第一段提到的physical health，表示这是运动的另一大好处，且该选项中的reduce stress与下文的let go of that stress完全呼应。故选C。 【19题详解】 本题在第四段段中。由它前面一句“Team sports, like volleyball or soccer, teach you valuable social skills too. You’ll learn to listen to your teammates’ advice, share your own ideas, and work together to win a game.(排球、足球等团队运动也能教会你宝贵的社交技能。你会学会倾听队友的建议、分享自己的想法，并为了赢得比赛而共同努力)”以及后面一句“These skills aren’t just for sports — they’ll also help you in group projects at school or even future jobs. (这些技能不仅适用于运动——它们还会在学校的小组项目甚至未来的工作中帮助你)”可知，本空要进一步阐释团队运动所需的社交技能，E项“你必须与他人沟通协作”能衔接上下文，该选项中的others对应teammates，与下文的These skills相呼应，说明这类社交技能的核心内涵。故选E。 【20题详解】 本题在第五段结尾。由它前面的句子“Finally, sports build your confidence and perseverance.Setting small goals, like running 800 meters faster or scoring a goal, pushes you to work hard.(最后，运动能培养你的自信和毅力。设定一些小目标，比如更快地跑完800米或进一个球，会激励你努力奋斗)”可知，本空要承接设定小目标并努力，说明达成目标后的结果，D 项“当你达成那个目标时，你会感到自豪”能自然衔接，符合题意。该选项中的that goal指代上文的small goals。故选D。 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I signed up for the school’s hiking club, I never imagined the journey would challenge my limits. Our final activity was a 15-kilometer hike up a mountain, and I’d always been ____21____ of long-distance walking. On the morning of the hike, my legs felt ____22____ as we set off, and doubts ____23____ my mind. “I can’t do this,” I whispered to myself. Halfway up, the path became steeper, and my breath grew ____24____. My friend Lily noticed my struggle. She slowed down and said, “We’re in this together. Let’s take it step by step — focus on the next tree, not the ____25____.” Her words gave me ____26____. With her inspiration, I kept moving, even when my muscles screamed in ____27____. As we climbed higher, the scenery ____28____ — green forests gave way to beautiful wildflowers. When we finally reached the top, the sun was setting, ____29____ golden light over the valleys below. The view took my breath away, and all the tiredness ____30____ instantly. I realized that the hardest part wasn’t the physical effort, but overcoming my own ____31____. Months later, that hike was still a ____32____ to me. It taught me that growth often comes from ____33____ of our comfort zones. Whenever I face a difficult task now, I think of that mountain top and the ____34____ I found within myself. Lily’s kindness didn’t just help me finish the hike — she ____35____ me that I can achieve more than I think. 21. A. proud B. ashamed C. fond D. terrified 22. A. heavy B. light C. flexible D. firm 23. A. removed B. exploded C. wandered D. flooded 24. A. steady B. rapid C. smooth D. deep 25. A. distance B. detail C. difference D. direction 26. A. burden B. privilege C. motivation D. warning 27. A. relief B. pain C. joy D. surprise 28. A. faded B. stretched C. shifted D. affected 29. A. casting B. folding C. blocking D. reducing 30. A. remained B. disappeared C. continued D. returned 31. A. courage B. honesty C. fear D. wisdom 32. A. mission B. reminder C. symbol D. regret 33. A. stepping out B. looking out C. taking out D. running out 34. A. stuff B. weakness C. outlook D. strength 35. A. promised B. comforted C. convinced D. suspected 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参加学校徒步旅行俱乐部，进行一次15公里的登山徒步活动。起初作者对长距离步行感到恐惧，途中遇到困难时，在朋友的鼓励下坚持下来，最终成功登顶并领悟到成长往往来自走出舒适区，克服自身恐惧的道理。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的最后一项活动是15公里的登山徒步，而我向来害怕长距离行走。A. proud骄傲的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. fond喜欢的；D. terrified害怕的。根据下文“I can’t do this” 可知，作者自我怀疑，因此作者向来害怕长距离行走。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：徒步当天早上，出发时我的腿就感觉沉甸甸的，各种疑虑涌上心头。A. heavy沉重的；B. light轻的；C. flexible灵活的；D. firm坚定的。根据上文“I’d always been ________ of long-distance walking.”可知，作者本就惧怕长距离徒步，出发时内心充满疑虑，身体上也会有抵触感，腿的感受应是沉甸甸的。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步当天早上，出发时我的腿就感觉沉甸甸的，各种疑虑涌上心头。A. removed去除；B. exploded爆炸；C. wandered徘徊；D. flooded大量涌入。根据下文““I can’t do this,” I whispered to myself.”可知，作者脑海中充满了疑虑，固定搭配 flood one’s mind 表示“（思绪、情感等）涌上心头，充斥脑海”。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：走到半山腰，路变得更陡了，我的呼吸也变得急促起来。A. steady稳定的；B. rapid快速的，急速的；C. smooth顺利的；D. deep深的。根据上文“Halfway up, the path became steeper”可知，山路变陡，作者爬山变得吃力，呼吸会变得急促。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们一步一步来——专注于下一棵树就好，不要想着距离。A. distance距离；B. detail细节；C. difference差异；D. direction方向。根据上文“Let’s take it step by step — focus on the next tree”可知，莉莉鼓励作者一步一步走，让其专注于眼前的小目标（下一棵树），而非整体的距离，这样能减少心理压力。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的话给了我动力。A. burden负担；B. privilege特权；C. motivation动力；D. warning警告。根据下文“With her inspiration, I kept moving”可知，莉莉的话给了作者动力。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的鼓励下，即便肌肉疼得厉害，我还是继续往前走。A. relief减轻；B. pain疼痛；C. joy快乐；D. surprise惊讶。根据上文“Our final activity was a 15-kilometer hike up a mountain”可知，结合爬山的场景，长时间徒步会让肌肉产生疼痛感。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们越爬越高，景色也变了 —— 葱郁的森林渐渐被娇艳的野花取代。A. faded褪色；B. stretched伸展；C. shifted改变；D. affected影响。根据下文“green forests gave way to beautiful wildflowers”可知，森林被野花取代说明景色发生了 变化。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于登上山顶时，太阳正在落山，金色的光芒洒向山下的山谷。A. casting投射；B. folding折叠；C. blocking阻塞；D. reducing减少。根据下文“golden light over the valleys below”可知，太阳落山，金色的光芒洒在下面的山谷上，固定搭配cast light over sth 表示“将光芒洒向某物”，描绘日落时金色光芒洒向山谷的画面。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：眼前的景色美得令人窒息，所有的疲惫瞬间消失无踪。A. remained保持；B. disappeared消失；C. continued继续；D. returned返回。根据上文“The view took my breath away”可知，极致的美景会让人忘记疲惫，因此疲惫瞬间消失。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，最难的部分并非身体上的付出，而是战胜自己内心的恐惧。A. courage勇气；B. honesty诚实；C. fear恐惧；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“I’d always been ________ of long-distance walking.”可知，文章开头就提到作者惧怕长距离徒步，途中也充满自我怀疑，这些都是内心恐惧的表现，作者最终战胜的正是这份恐惧。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，那次徒步依然让我记忆犹新。A. mission任务；B. reminder提醒物；C. symbol象征；D. regret后悔。根据下文“It taught me that growth often comes from ________ of our comfort zones..”可知，这次徒步的经历一直提醒作者成长的道理，是让作者铭记的事。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它让我明白，成长往往源于走出自己的舒适区。A. stepping out走出；B. looking out小心；C. taking out取出；D. running out用完。根据下文“of our comfort zones”可知，此处指走出舒适区，固定搭配 step out of one’s comfort zone 表示 “走出舒适区”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今每当我面对艰巨的任务，我就会想起那座山顶，以及我在自己身上发现的力量。A. stuff东西；B. weakness弱点；C. outlook展望；D. strength力量。根据上文““I can’t do this,” I whispered to myself.”和“When we finally reached the top”可知，作者原本认为自己做不到登山徒步，最终却坚持到了山顶，这个过程中作者发现了自己内心的力量。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉莉的善意不仅帮我完成了这次徒步，更让我坚信，我能取得的成就远比自己想象的要多。A. promised承诺；B. comforted安慰；C. convinced使相信；D. suspected怀疑。根据上文“She slowed down and said, “We’re in this together. Let’s take it step by step — focus on the next tree, not the ________”可知，莉莉的鼓励让作者完成了徒步，更让作者坚信自己能取得比想象中更多的成就。故选C。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: ___36___ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six ___37___ (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, ___38___ the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual ___39___ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should ___40___ (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform ___41___ the world to better understand China, but also ___42___ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in ___43___ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and ___44___ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through _____45_____ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. 【答案】36. to celebrate 37. tongues 38. and 39. written 40. be treated 41. for 42. promotes 43. improving 44. the 45. innovation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。 【40题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。 【42题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。 三、写作 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter计划来中国旅游，想了解富有中国特色的景点。请你给他回一封电子邮件，推荐一处景点，内容包括： 1.推荐景点名称； 2.推荐理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为100个左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Peter, Learning that you are planning a trip to China, I’m delighted to recommend a must-see attraction — the Great Wall. What makes the Great Wall so extraordinary is not only its breathtaking scenery but also its deep historical value, which reflects the wisdom and perseverance of the ancient Chinese people. The Great Wall stretches over thousands of kilometers and winds across mountains like a giant dragon. It is this magnificent structure that offers you a chance to admire China’s rich culture and long history. Believe me, walking on it will be an unforgettable experience. I’m sure you’ll be amazed by its grandeur. Looking forward to your visit! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国朋友Peter回信，推荐一处富有中国特色的景点，说明景点名称及推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 令人惊叹的：breathtaking → stunning 反映：reflect → mirror 欣赏：admire → appreciate 难忘的：unforgettable → memorable 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：The Great Wall stretches over thousands of kilometers and winds across mountains like a giant dragon. 拓展句：Stretching over thousands of kilometers, the Great Wall winds across mountains like a giant dragon. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What makes the Great Wall so extraordinary is not only its breathtaking scenery but also its deep historical value, which reflects the wisdom and perseverance of the ancient Chinese people. (运用了what引导的主语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】It is this magnificent structure that offers you a chance to admire China’s rich culture and long history.(运用了“It is...that...”强调句型) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money home Papa had brought home. “For the rent.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “For the groceries.” Another group of coins. “I’ll need a notebook.” That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch with anxious interest. At last, Papa would ask, “Is that all?” And when Mama nodded, we could relax a little. Mama would look up and smile,“ Good. We do not have to go to the Bank.” We were all so proud of Mama’s Bank Account. It gave us such a warm, secure feeling. When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money,” he said. Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. This was the “Little Bank”. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. Nels listed the costs of the things he would need. Mama counted out the money in the Little Bank. There was not enough. “We do not want to go to the Bank,” she reminded. We all shook our heads. “I will work in Dillon’s grocery after school,” Nels volunteered. Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number. “That’s not enough,” Papa said. Then he took his pipe out of his mouth and looked at it for a long time. “I will give up smoking,” he said suddenly. Mama reached across the table and touched Papa’s arm. Then she wrote down another figure. “I will look after the Elvington children every Friday night,” I said. “Christine can help me.” Now there was enough money. We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown and drew money out of Mama’s Bank Account. So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine’s dress for the school play, my little sister Dagmar’s operation... Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. That was twenty years ago. Last year I sold my first story. When the check came, I hurried over to Mama’s and put it in her lap. “For you,” I said, “to put in your Bank Account.” I noticed for the first time how old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama’s hair was silver now. “Tomorrow,” I told Mama, “you must take it to the Bank.” “You will go with me, Katrin?” “That won’t be necessary. Just hand it to the teller. He’ll pay it into your account.” Mama looked at me. “There is no account. In all my life, I’ve never been inside a bank.” She continued, “It is not good for little ones to be afraid — to not feel secure.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was totally shocked and couldn’t believe my ears when I heard her words. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then, Papa walked into the kitchen and noticed our quietness. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I was totally shocked and couldn’t believe my ears when I heard her words. My mouth fell open, and my hands froze mid-air. A wave of mixed feelings — surprise, confusion, and a touch of sadness — washed over me. I leaned forward, my eyes fixed on Mama’s face, and whispered, “What do you mean? All these years, we thought…we thought the Bank was our safety net.” Mama’s eyes were soft, with a hint of mist. She reached out, her rough but warm hand covering mine, and said gently, “My dear Katrin, the Bank was never real. But your papa and I knew that if you children thought there was somewhere to turn, you’d never be afraid to face hard times.” Just then, Papa walked into the kitchen and noticed our quietness. He put down his pipe, his eyes sweeping from my shocked face to Mama’s gentle one, and smiled faintly. He walked over, put a hand on Mama’s shoulder, and said in his deep, steady voice, “We wanted you to grow up feeling secure, little one. That ‘Bank Account’ was the only way we could give you that without a penny in the bank.” I felt tears welling up in my eyes. I leaned over to hug Mama and Papa tightly, my heart full of warmth. I finally understood — their love was the real, unbreakable safety net. 【解析】 【导语】本文以“妈妈的银行账户”为线索展开，讲述了小时候家里不富裕，妈妈总说有银行账户可依靠，一家人遇到困难时齐心协力凑钱，从不去“银行”取钱，二十年后“我”赚钱想给妈妈存银行，却意外得知妈妈从未有过银行账户，原来所谓的“银行账户”是爸妈为了让孩子们有安全感编造的谎言，藏着最深的爱的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“听到她的话，我彻底震惊了，简直不敢相信自己的耳朵。”可知，接下来可描写“我”听到真相后的震惊、疑惑，以及妈妈耐心解释编造“银行账户”的原因。 ② 由第二段首句“就在那时，爸爸走进厨房，注意到了我们之间的沉默。”可知，接下来可描写爸爸看到氛围后的反应，补充说明编造谎言的初衷，“我”领悟到爸妈的苦心，心生愧疚与感激。 2. 续写线索： “我”震惊疑惑——妈妈温柔解释谎言初衷（给孩子安全感）——爸爸走进厨房，补充说明——“我”领悟爸妈的爱——心生感激，懂得亲情才是真正的依靠 3.词汇激活： 行为类 ①盯着看：fix on/focus on ②轻声说：whisper/murmur ③面对：face/confront 情绪类 ①困惑：confusion/puzzlement ②悲伤：sadness/sorrow ③害怕的：afraid/frightened/scared 【点睛】【高分句型1】But your papa and I knew that if you children thought there was somewhere to turn, you’d never be afraid to face hard times.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句） 【高分句型2】I leaned over to hug Mama and Papa tightly, my heart full of warmth. （运用了独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 石嘴山市第一中学2025-2026学年高一年级下5月阶段检测 英语试题 (本卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。) 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SCIENCE NEEDS YOU! Citizen science is a new movement which involves members of the public, either singly or in groups, working towards a common goal. Very often, citizen scientists collect, report or analyse data. What makes a citizen scientist? Anyone who contributes their time, effort and whatever resources they have to a scientific research project is a citizen scientist. They come from all walks of life — housewives, retirees, students, sports people, children. There’s no need for a formal or strong scientific background, just passion. How to get involved? If you have a particular hobby, interest or expertise there’s almost certainly a project you can join. Search online for citizen science projects and pick out the ones you like. It could be observing insects, migratory birds, even plates movements; all you have to do is to record and hand in observations. You can use your laptop or even your smartphone to do this — easy! Here is an opportunity from NASA: Space Cloud Watch What you’ll do ◆Watch the sky at sunrise and sunset for noctilucent clouds (夜光云) and shoot them. ◆Upload your photos and observations to a website to contribute to research on Earth’s middle atmosphere. ◆Take notes when noctilucent clouds are absent, so you can report that too! Requirements ◆Time: 10-20 minutes ◆Equipment: Camera, smartphone or GPS receiver ◆Knowledge: No prior knowledge necessary 1. Who can be a citizen scientist? A. A well-educated person. B. A person with scientific passion. C. A person with a scientific background. D. A person with a professional career. 2. What does the Space Cloud Watch require participants to do? A. Observe insects at sunrise. B. Take pictures of clouds. C. Record cloud movements. D. Report data every week. 3. Who is the text most probably intended for? A. Professional scientists. B. Government officials. C. General public. D. Science students. B Maria Rodriguez, our school cafeteria server for ten years, always greeted us with a warm smile while preparing meals. One Monday, however, I noticed her quietly wiping tears in the corner of the staff room. My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it... finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma. Struggling with hearing loss since childhood, Maria dropped out at 15 to support her sick parents. She worked multiple low-income jobs until securing stable work in our school cafeteria. Last year, when the school introduced a new digital ordering system, Maria’s supervisor gently explained that operating it required basic computer literacy — which in turn required a high school credential. “We’ll keep your position,” he said, “but to continue long-term, you’ll need to complete your diploma within two years.” Maria enrolled in night classes at a local adult education center. Balancing her cafeteria shifts, parenting two teenagers, and studying meant surviving on 4-5 hours of sleep nightly. She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed. Her biology teacher remarked, “Maria often stayed after class to review materials — her determination was extraordinary.” When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key unlocking doors I thought were sealed forever.” But for her, graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.” 4. Why was Maria crying in the staff room? A. She felt exhausted from overwork. B. She recalled her family difficulties. C. Her supervisor criticized her performance. D. She had achieved an important milestone. 5. What did the school require Maria to do to keep her job? A. Master the digital system within a nonth. B. Complete her high school education. C. Train another staff member. D. Switch to part-time work. 6. How did Maria motivate herself during tough times? A. By focusing on small symbols of progress. B. By reducing her workload significantly. C. By seeking financial support from the school. D. By prioritizing sleep over studying. 7. What can we learn from Maria’s story? A. Nothing can stop a willing heart. B. The early bird catches the worm. C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. Grasp all, lose all. C Your genes are inherited from parents and ancestors, picking up traits that help us survive and evolve with environments around us. Much of this is encoded as natural instinct. When a baby is born, it needn’t be taught how to breathe or cry — this is hard-wired into our DNA. We know that when tired we need to sleep and when hungry we need to eat. The same goes for animals. Within two hours of being born, a foal (驹) attempts its first steps with little guidance from its parent, all from instinct. As well as our basic instincts, our genetics can carry more complex abilities, knowledge and reflexes (反应能力). Findings have also hinted that our facial expressions could be hard-wired behaviors. Babies start to smile at around two — again, this isn’t specifically taught. Although they may take in the expressions of people around, it’s hard to test if they connect emotion to the faces they see. However, a 2019 study showed that athletes who had been born blind made the same disheartened (沮丧的) expressions when losing as athletes with sight, suggesting that facial expressions may not be learnt from watching others. While genetics play a part, infants are also heavily influenced during their time in the womb (子宫). Mothers who eat strong-tasting foods such as garlic can affect children’s taste buds, giving them a fancy for the same tastes later in life. Taste and smell are important triggers that babies look for when first feeding, as the mother’s milk will carry the same flavors experienced in the womb. This pre-birth taste sampling increases their chances of survival. Generational memory could also explain why certain people are naturally gifted in areas like music or sport. Actually, the existence of it is hard to prove, since so many environmental and outside factors change behaviour and personality, especially with young minds, which are easily developed. However, the theory is starting to be taken more seriously, and studies involving short-generation life forms such as nematode worms (线虫) are making significant breakthroughs. We may soon have undeniable proof that our genetics pass down more than we think. 8. Which of the following behavior is hard-wired into our genes? A. Having meals due to hunger. B. Using tools to solve problems. C. Learning to walk at two years old. D. Recognizing parents’ voices after birth. 9. What does the author imply in paragraph 3? A. Facial expressions may have a genetic basis. B. Blind athletes can’t express emotions effectively. C. Babies learn facial expressions from their parents. D. Emotional responses are totally shaped by environment. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The role genetics play in babies’ survival. B. Infants’ adaptability to food flavors in the womb. C. Significance of taste and smell in infants’ growth. D. Impact of pregnant mothers’ diets on babies’ taste preferences. 11. What can we know about generational memory? A. It powerfully explains people’s talent. B. It has been proven by existing evidence. C. Environmental factors deny its existence. D. Promising scientific studies show its significance. D Nature has long been good for us. But most of environmental psychologists’ work has focused on green space — parks, forests, and the like. Now, a more recent wave of researchers is turning their attention to far bluer places. In 2010, Mat White, an environmental psychologist, and his colleagues discovered that people tended to rate photos of natural and urban environments as being more restorative when they had some sort of water element. This study, since cited over thousands of times, helped kick off the blue space research movement of today. So, what actually happens in your body and brain when you spend time at the beach? White and his colleagues analyzed data from 4,255 respondents in England to see which natural environments is more mentally relaxing. The coast rated slightly higher than woodlands and mountainous landscapes. What makes beaches particularly good for resting the overworked mind? Catherine Kelly, a cold-water swimming enthusiast, suspects it has to do with their scale: their expansive views that seem never to end. “When we visit the coast, we’ll feel a sense of awe (敬畏), where we get perspective on our problems and feel part of something bigger than ourselves,” she said. The emotion is known to reduce stress, engage a sense of purpose, and push us to act more selflessly. Besides, there is evidence that looking at waves lapping on a beach is associated with changes in our own brain waves, promoting alpha frequencies (频率) that indicate relaxation. Another research suggests that people tend to exercise for longer when sweating in the so-called“blue gym” than in green spaces — potentially because they perceive time as being more expansive when they’ re by the water. This prolonged physical activity may go on to improve sleep. The ongoing researches into the sea can be used to advocate for protecting coastal landscapes around the world. “That reciprocity (相互性) is really important,” Kelly says. “If we have a place that makes us feel well, then surely it’s our job to make sure it feels well too. ” 12. What can we learn about the 2010 research? A. It launched the space exploration. B. It advocated protecting the ocean. C. It offered a quite new perspective. D. It analysed the effect of beach sport. 13. Which aspect of the sea relaxes our mind according to Catherine Kelly? A. Its wilderness. B. Its vast expanse. C. Its fresh air. D. Its pain-easing power. 14. How does the ocean influence the visitors? A. It sharpens their sense of sight. B. It transforms their brain waves. C. It adjusts their biological clock. D. It reminds them of time passing. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. The coast is a place of healing B. The ocean protection matters C. Exercise is beneficial to health D. Nature can restore itself fully 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Sports: More Than Fun — A Help for Body and Mind For high school students, balancing study and life can be challenging. Many feel stressed or low on energy,but there’s a simple solution: sports. ____16____ From physical healthy to mental strength, sports offer benefits that go far beyond the playground. First, sports keep your body in good shape. ____17____ It also strengthens your muscles and bones, which is especially important as you’re still growing. Without regular exercise, you might feel tired easily or get sick more often — problems that can slow down your studies. ____18____ When you’re stuck on a difficult math problem or worried about an exam, stress can build up quickly. Sports help you let go of that stress. When you exercise, your brain releases endorphins, a kind of chemical that makes you feel happy and relaxed. This clear mind can make it easier to focus on your homework later. Team sports, like volleyball or soccer, teach you valuable social skills too. You’ll learn to listen to your teammates’ advice, share your own ideas, and work together to win a game. ____19____ These skills aren’t just for sports — they’ll also help you in group projects at school or even future jobs. Finally, sports build your confidence and perseverance. Setting small goals, like running 800 meters faster or scoring a goal, pushes you to work hard. ____20____ In short, sports are more than just a way to have fun. They help you stay active and healthy. So why not choose a sport you enjoy and make it part of your daily life? A. They help you stay active and healthy. B. This not only improves your fitness. C. Sports are also a great way to reduce stress. D. When you reach that goal, you’ll feel proud. E. You have to communicate and cooperate with others. F. After a short workout, you’ll feel more relaxed and focused. G. They can help you stay healthy, reduce stress, and build skills. 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I signed up for the school’s hiking club, I never imagined the journey would challenge my limits. Our final activity was a 15-kilometer hike up a mountain, and I’d always been ____21____ of long-distance walking. On the morning of the hike, my legs felt ____22____ as we set off, and doubts ____23____ my mind. “I can’t do this,” I whispered to myself. Halfway up, the path became steeper, and my breath grew ____24____. My friend Lily noticed my struggle. She slowed down and said, “We’re in this together. Let’s take it step by step — focus on the next tree, not the ____25____.” Her words gave me ____26____. With her inspiration, I kept moving, even when my muscles screamed in ____27____. As we climbed higher, the scenery ____28____ — green forests gave way to beautiful wildflowers. When we finally reached the top, the sun was setting, ____29____ golden light over the valleys below. The view took my breath away, and all the tiredness ____30____ instantly. I realized that the hardest part wasn’t the physical effort, but overcoming my own ____31____. Months later, that hike was still a ____32____ to me. It taught me that growth often comes from ____33____ of our comfort zones. Whenever I face a difficult task now, I think of that mountain top and the ____34____ I found within myself. Lily’s kindness didn’t just help me finish the hike — she ____35____ me that I can achieve more than I think. 21. A. proud B. ashamed C. fond D. terrified 22. A. heavy B. light C. flexible D. firm 23. A. removed B. exploded C. wandered D. flooded 24. A. steady B. rapid C. smooth D. deep 25. A. distance B. detail C. difference D. direction 26. A. burden B. privilege C. motivation D. warning 27. A. relief B. pain C. joy D. surprise 28. A. faded B. stretched C. shifted D. affected 29. A. casting B. folding C. blocking D. reducing 30. A. remained B. disappeared C. continued D. returned 31. A. courage B. honesty C. fear D. wisdom 32. A. mission B. reminder C. symbol D. regret 33. A. stepping out B. looking out C. taking out D. running out 34. A. stuff B. weakness C. outlook D. strength 35. A. promised B. comforted C. convinced D. suspected 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: ___36___ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six ___37___ (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, ___38___ the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual ___39___ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should ___40___ (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform ___41___ the world to better understand China, but also ___42___ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in ___43___ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and ___44___ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through _____45_____ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. 三、写作 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter计划来中国旅游，想了解富有中国特色的景点。请你给他回一封电子邮件，推荐一处景点，内容包括： 1.推荐景点名称； 2.推荐理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为100个左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money home Papa had brought home. “For the rent.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “For the groceries.” Another group of coins. “I’ll need a notebook.” That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch with anxious interest. At last, Papa would ask, “Is that all?” And when Mama nodded, we could relax a little. Mama would look up and smile,“ Good. We do not have to go to the Bank.” We were all so proud of Mama’s Bank Account. It gave us such a warm, secure feeling. When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money,” he said. Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. This was the “Little Bank”. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. Nels listed the costs of the things he would need. Mama counted out the money in the Little Bank. There was not enough. “We do not want to go to the Bank,” she reminded. We all shook our heads. “I will work in Dillon’s grocery after school,” Nels volunteered. Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number. “That’s not enough,” Papa said. Then he took his pipe out of his mouth and looked at it for a long time. “I will give up smoking,” he said suddenly. Mama reached across the table and touched Papa’s arm. Then she wrote down another figure. “I will look after the Elvington children every Friday night,” I said. “Christine can help me.” Now there was enough money. We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown and drew money out of Mama’s Bank Account. So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine’s dress for the school play, my little sister Dagmar’s operation... Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. That was twenty years ago. Last year I sold my first story. When the check came, I hurried over to Mama’s and put it in her lap. “For you,” I said, “to put in your Bank Account.” I noticed for the first time how old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama’s hair was silver now. “Tomorrow,” I told Mama, “you must take it to the Bank.” “You will go with me, Katrin?” “That won’t be necessary. Just hand it to the teller. He’ll pay it into your account.” Mama looked at me. “There is no account. In all my life, I’ve never been inside a bank.” She continued, “It is not good for little ones to be afraid — to not feel secure.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was totally shocked and couldn’t believe my ears when I heard her words. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then, Papa walked into the kitchen and noticed our quietness. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $