专项1 选择型阅读-【王朝霞系列丛书】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末试卷精选（译林版·新教材）河南专版

期末复习第2步·攻专项 专项1选择型阅读 根据新教材编写 编者按：本专项围绕期末常考语篇类型设置，兼顾高频及创新考法，帮助学生提升阅读能力。 A选材新风向环境保护 Students in Grade 8 were asked to make a survey about plastic pollution.Here is Mike's homework. End Plastic Pollution Why? 毁 Plastic pollution does harm to our People use plastic. People buy People throw earth and many animals living on the plastic. it away. 封 earth. What Is Plastic Pollution? There are 6.3 billion tons of plastic 内不要答题) 63 on our earth.About 80%of the chips Fish and sea It ends up in animals get hurt (碎屑)in the oceans are plastic. oceans and rivers. and die. 267 kinds of animals around the Fish and sea 南 animals get trapped world are harmed because of plastic. in plastic or eat it. ▲？ Reduce:say no to single-use plastic,such as plastic cups. ◆Reuse:make sure you use the plastic items(物品)you have many times instead of buying new ones. Recycle:check for the recycling sign before buying plastic items and make sure to recycle plastic. ( )1.What may be badly hurt because of plastic pollution according to the text? A.Sea animals. B.Long rivers. C.Little kids. D.Wild plants. )2.设题新角度写作手法How does the writer tell us plastic has been a disaster to our earth? A.By asking questions B.By using numbers. C.By telling stories. D.By sharing experiences. ( )3.Which word is right for△？ A.Where B.Why C.How D.When )4.Why does the writer write this text? 探 A.To encourage people to catch fewer fish in oceans B.To ask people not to use plastic items. C.To teach people how to recycle plastic properly. D.To call on people to help end plastic pollution. 河南专版英语八年级下册译林牛津第1页共4页 )5.设题新角度语篇类型了What is the text? A.A notice. B.A diary(日记). C.A survey. D.A poster. B[杭州市〕 Ethan Hill,now aged 13,started helping homeless people when he was 6.Over time,his organization-Ethan's Heart has grown.It allows him to open a free moving store and give out more than 5,000 care bags. His organization began when Ethan noticed a homeless man on his way to school each day,and he felt he had to do something to help.It was going to snow,and he was worried about the man.Ethan had received $100 on Christmas that year and he decided to find out what homeless people would need online. He bought some boxes and filled them with food,drinks,hats,a tent and other necessary things.Then he gave the boxes to the homeless. Later,Ethan won the Gloria Barron Prize()for Young Heroes and decided to use his prize money to help others.He used the money to buy a trailer()and turned it into a free store.His mom and dad help with money raising and everyday tasks.They both work to make his dreams come true-and he always dreams really big! In traditional food banks,homeless people have to take what is prepared for them and cannot choose. But Ethan's free moving store allows them to pick what they need.It creates less waste and makes them feel good for free shopping.When his trailer is not out serving the neighborhood,it goes to schools and other places to teach people about homelessness and the needs of the homeless. For Ethan,being young doesn't stop him from making a difference.Instead,it gives him a fresh set of eyes to look at a problem and solve it.His story shows that even small acts can make a big difference in the world. ()1.What made Ethan start his organization? A.Seeing a homeless man on the way to school. B.Advice from his parents about helping others. C.Winning a prize for helping someone in need. D.A school activity about helping the homeless. ()2.How did Ethan use his prize money? A.To buy some Christmas gifts. B.To make 5,000 care bags. C.To give money to the homeless. D.To buy a trailer to help others. ()3.How is Ethan's moving store different? A.It prepares better food and clothes. B.It lets the homeless choose what they need. C.It provides cheaper food and drinks. D.It stays in the same neighborhood every day. ()4.Which word can describe Ethan Hill best? A.Talented. B.Humorous. C.Kind-hearted. D.Rich. )5.What's the best title for the text? A.Ethan's Big Prize B.Help on the Move C.A Boy's Gift D.A Trailer for Shopping C[重庆市〕 “This is what I waited for,.”he thought..“So now let me take it.” He could not see the fish's jumps,but only heard the breaking of the ocean and the heavy noise as it 河南专版英语八年级下册译林牛津第2页共4页 专项1 fell.The thin fishing line was cutting his hands badly,but he had always known this would happen.He tried to keep the cutting across the calloused (parts and not let the line cut the fingers or the palm(掌心). "I wish the boy were here...If the boy were here,he would certainly help me,"he thought."Yes.If the boy were here.If the boy were here..." But now,the old man was alone in his small boat,far out at sea.The sun rose slowly,and the water was quiet and deep blue.He held the fishing line carefully,feeling the strong pull from the great fish under the water. “You'd better be brave,old man,”he said.“Pain(疼痛)does not matter to a man.” The fish was beautiful and full of life.It pulled the boat farther and farther.He was tired.His hands were cut,and his back hurt,but his eyes stayed bright. He looked at the sea.It was wide and full of possibilities.Sometimes it was quiet,and sometimes hard to understand.He had been on the sea for many years.He loved it,even when it wasn't kind to him. Once again,the fish came to the surface.It was the biggest fish he had ever seen-beautiful, shining,and strong. "You are such a treasure,"he said in a low voice. -Adapted from The Old Man and the Sea )1.According to the second paragraph,which word best describes the old man? A.Experienced.B.Interesting. C.Lonely. D.Kind. )2.Why did the old man say "If the boy were here"several times? A.Because he felt tired and lonely and hoped the boy could help him. B.Because the boy was lazy and didn't want to fish with him. C.Because the boy was good at fishing and he felt proud of him. D.Because he hoped the boy could learn fishing skills from him. )3.Where does this text best fit in a story mountain? Climax He finally made it,but he couldn't pull the fish onto the boat. Rising Action Falling Action One day he caught a huge fish, On his way back,sharks ate the but he had to fight for days to kill it. fish,leaving nothing but bones. W Background Resolution The old man hadn't caught fish for months. He returned home. A.Background. B.Rising Action. C.Climax. D.Falling Action. )4.设题新角度信息匹配Match the characters with their symbolic meanings. a.The fish b.The boy c.The old man d.The sea ①Dream ②Spirit ③Life ④Friendship A.a-①；b-②；c-③；d-④ B.a—③；b-②；c-①；d-④ C.a-①；b-④；c-②；d-③ D.a-③；b-④；c-②；d-① )5.What can you infer(推断)from the text? A.The sea was always kind to the fisherman. B.The boy was on the boat with the old man. C.The old man was going to catch some smaller fish. D.The old man was feeling nervous but would try to fight. 专项1 河南专版英语八年级下册译林牛津第3页共4页 D 1We use both words and body language to express our thoughts when communicating with others. Words are important,but body language can also give us information about our feelings 2Just like spoken language,the meanings of body language are different from culture to culture. The important thing is using body language in a way that is acceptable to the culture you are in. ③The gesture(手')for“OK”has different meanings in different cultures.In Japan,people might think it means money.However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil,as it is impolite.Even the 弥 gestures we use for "yes"and "no"are different around the world.In many countries,shaking one's head means "no",and nodding means "yes".But in Bulgaria and southern Albania,the gestures have an opposite()meaning.There are also differences in how we touch each other,and how we act when we meet.In countries like France,people may kiss their friends on the face when they meet.Elsewhere, 封 people like shaking hands better. 4Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means "sleep".A good way of saying "I am full"is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 线 5Different uses of body language are also worth studying.Maybe the best example is smiling.A smile can break down misunderstandings().We can use a smile to say sorry,to greet someone,to ask for help,or to start a conversation. 内 )1.设题新角度图文转换了In Bulgaria,if you don't agree with your local friend,which of the following gestures will you use? B. D 不 ( )2.设题新角度写作手法了How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph3? A.By giving instructions B.By offering advice. 要 C.By using examples. D.By showing numbers. )3.What can we learn about body language in Brazil? A.Nodding your head means“No”. B.It is impolite to use the gesture for“OK”. 答 C.People kiss their friends when they meet. D.Putting hands together on the side of your head means "sleepy". )4.设题新角度文章结构Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A.①② B. ① C. ① D.①②③ 题 擗 ③ ④⑤ ④⑤ ②③ ④⑤ ②③④ ⑤ ( )5.What's the text mainly talking about? A.The importance of body language. B.How to express ourselves. C.The differences of body language. D.What is polite body language. 河南专版英语八年级下册译林牛津第4页共4页期末复习第2步·攻专项 专项1选择型阅读 A 1.A2.B3.C 4.D【解析】根据“End Plastic Pollution'”和文章内 容可知，本文旨在呼吁人们终止塑料污染。因此 D项可以概括作者的写作目的。 5.C【解析】根据第一段内容“Students in Grade8 were asked to make a survey about plastic pollution. Here is Mike's homework.”及表格内容可知，本文 是一篇调查报告。 B 1.A2.D3.B 4.C【解析】通读文章可知，Ethan长期帮助无家可 归者，成立组织，改造流动商店，这体现了他乐于 助人、无私奉献的品质。故选C项。 5.B【解析】全文围绕“Ethan长期帮助无家可归 者”展开，重点介绍他用奖金买了一辆挂车，把它 变成了一个“可移动的免费商店”，随时随地帮助 有需要的人，故B项最适合作本文标题。 O 1.A 2.A【解析】文中老人独自在海上与大鱼搏斗，双 手被鱼线割伤，身体疲惫，多次念叨“要是男孩在 这儿…”。结合语境，这一重复的想法既体现了 他独自捕鱼的孤独，也体现了他在搏斗中渴望得 到帮助的心理，A项正确。 3.B【解析】结合图文信息可知，故事山中的 “Rising Action(上升情节)”指故事中冲突逐渐升 级、推动情节发展的部分。本文描述了老人独自 在海上与大鱼搏斗（鱼线割伤手、鱼拉扯渔船等） 的过程，对应故事山的“Rising Action'”阶段。 4.C【解析】文中的大鱼是老人等待已久的“珍 宝”，象征“Dream(梦想)”，对应①；老人渴望男孩 陪伴、帮助自己，男孩代表“Friendship(友谊)”，对 应④；老人独自搏斗，坚韧不屈，象征“Spirit(精 神)”，对应②；大海既给予资源也带来挑战，是老 人生活的依托，象征“Lf(生活)”，对应③。因此 C项正确。 5.D【解析】从文中“老人独自搏斗，双手受伤，身 体疲惫”可推测他内心会感到紧张，但他说“要勇 敢，疼痛对男人来说不算什么”，这体现出他会继 续抗争的决心，D项与之相符。 河南专版英语八 0 1.A【解析】第三段中的“In many countries,shaking one's head means‘no',and nodding means‘yes'.,” 提到，在很多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”； 下文提到在保加利亚摇头和点头却是相反的意 思。因此A图表示不赞同朋友的想法。 2.C3.B 4.C【解析】文章第一段介绍了言语和肢体语言同 等重要，引出话题；第二、三段讲了在不同国家，相 同的肢体语言有不同的意义；第四段介绍了相同 的手势语在不同国家有相同的含义；最后一段以 “微笑”为例介绍学习肢体语言的重要性。因此 C项符合文章结构划分。 5.A 专项2任务型阅读 9 1.A 2.E【解析】上文提到《山海经》至少有2200年的历 史，下文则具体说明其字数、篇章结构，以及记载 的山川、海洋和远古人物等内容。由此可知，空格 处需承接“历史悠久”的背景，同时引出下文对书 籍核心内容的介绍。E项（它讲述的是中国秦朝 之前的文化和地理)在此起到承上启下的作用。 3.B4.D5.C 1.C 2.B【解析】上文提到平遥古城内的街道、店铺、房 屋都保留着明清时期的风格，这些建筑细节是当 时人们生活的体现。B项（它们清晰地展现了那 时人们的生活)承接上文。 3.D 4.E【解析】上文提到悬空寺的悬挑岩石为其提供 了自然保护，E项（两侧的石墙使它免受恶劣天气 影响)承接了“保护”的话题，补充了另一重防护措 施，与上文联系紧密。 5.A C 1.C2.E3.B4.D 5.A【解析】结合下文可知，本段围绕“不排斥他 人，顾及每个人”展开。A项（接纳每一个人）准确 概括了段落大意，故选A项。 D 1.B 2.E【解析】本段主题是“创造性地重复利用物 品”，上文已举例“将T恤衫改成购物袋以减少塑 手级下册译林牛津 4