Unit 8 Make a Difference（重难词汇精练）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“基础-拓展-应用”为逻辑主线，系统构建Unit 8词汇从识记到语篇综合运用的训练体系，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|中英互译（单词/短语）、18组词汇拓展|侧重词汇音形义识记与词形转换（如visitor→visit→visiting）|从核心词汇（参观者、组织等）到短语（有作用、养老院等），再到词形变化，构建词汇基本认知网络| |词汇语境练-句子|单选18题、填空25题|通过单句语境考查词汇辨析（如organization/stadium）与固定搭配（如help out/hand out）|将基础词汇置于具体情境（志愿者活动、日常帮助等），实现从孤立记忆到单句应用的过渡| |词汇语境练-语篇|4篇选词填空、1篇语法填空|在志愿者活动、寻狗事件等语篇中考查词汇连贯运用|以“帮助他人”主题为线索，整合单元核心词汇（donate, effort, organize等），达成语篇层面的综合应用|

Unit 8 Make a Difference 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、中英互译 单词表单词 单词 中文意思 单词 中文意思 n. 参观者；来访者 adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的 n. 组织；团体；机构 stadium n. ； v. 提供；给予 can n. ； n. 主人；物主 cage n. n. 捐赠物；捐赠 shelter n. ； n. 面试官；采访者 n. 青年；青年时期 adj. 活跃的；积极的 n. 军队 n. 军人；士兵 adj. 小学教育的；首要的 n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 adv. 热情地；温暖地 n. 女士；淑女 n. 先生；君子 bark v. ；n. n. 成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的 adj. 失踪的；丢失的 adj. 实用的；实际的 life-saving adj. 救命的；救生的 n. 团队合作 adj. 成功的；有成就的 n. 重要作用；价值 adj. 自愿的；无偿的 ordinary adj. ； adj. 值得；有价值 audience n. ； adj. 乐意的；愿意的 adv. 完全地；彻底地 n. 成功 adj. (尤指家庭中两个成员) 年龄较长的 v. 捐赠；赠送 n. 口袋 n. 努力；艰难的尝试 etc ； n. 才能；天赋；天才 n. (正式、礼貌的称呼) 女士；夫人 n. 广告；启事 单词表短语 短语 中文意思 短语 中文意思 有作用；有影响 老人；上了年纪的人 养老院 赶快；跟着来 分担工作；帮忙做 报名 自从；自……以后 最主要的是 忙碌的 处于贫困中；生活困难 零花钱 分发 通晓；熟悉 二、词汇拓展(单词变形) 1. visitor n. 参观者；来访者 → v. 参观；拜访；n. 参观；访问 → adj. 访问的；参观的 2. elderly adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的 → adj. (两人中)年级较长的(尤指哥哥姐姐) → adj.年老的；旧的 3. organization/ organisation n. 组织；团体；机构 → v. 组织；安排 → n. 组织者；安排者 4. owner n. 主人；物主 → adj. 自己的；v. 拥有 5. donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠 → v. 捐赠；赠送 6. interviewer n. 面试官；采访者 → v. & n. 采访；面试 → n. 被采访者；被面试者 7. youth n. 青年；青年时期 → adj. 年轻的，显得年轻的 → adj. 年轻的；年幼的 8. active adj. 活跃的；积极的 → adv. 积极地；活跃地 → n. 活动；行动 → adj.不活跃的 9. warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地 → adj. 温暖的；热情的；v. 使温暖；变暖和 → n. 温暖；热情 10. gentleman n.先生；君子 →（pl.） 先生；君子 → adj. 温和的；文雅的 → gently adv. 温和地；文雅地 → n. 温和；文雅 11. adult n. 成年人；adj. 成年的；成熟的 → n. 成年；成年时期 12. practical adj. 实用的；实际的 → adv. 实际上；几乎 → n. 实践；练习；v. 练习 → adj. 不切实际的 13. successful adj. 成功的；有成就的 → v. 成功；达成 → n. 成功；成就 → adv. 成功地 14. value n. 重要作用；价值；v. 重视；估价 → adj. 有价值的；珍贵的 → adj. 极有用的；极宝贵的 → adj. 无价值的 15. voluntary adj. 自愿的；无偿的 → n. 志愿者；v. 自愿做 16. willing adj. 乐意的；愿意的 → v. 愿意；将要；n. 意志；意愿 17. talent n. 才能；天赋；天才 → adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 18. advertisement （=ad）n. 广告；启事 → v. 做广告；宣传 → n. 广告业；广告活动 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．Our school’s volunteer ________ has organized over 50 activities this year, including cleaning the park and visiting the elderly. A．stadium B．organization C．museum D．shelter 2．The school library ________ different kinds of books for students. We can choose the ones we like to read. A．controls B．discusses C．supposes D．provides 3．The ________ of the lost dog posted a notice at the community gate. With the help of volunteers, he found his dog three days later. A．visitor B．owner C．volunteer D．interviewer 4．—Your boss looks really young for her age. How does she make it? — She has a/an________ lifestyle. She always stays happy. A．modern B．active C．expensive D．stressful 5．She is a ________ musician as well as being a performer. A．talented B．loud C．primary D．fresh 6．—My mom is busy preparing dinner. Can you ________ with setting the table, Mike? —Of course! I’ll do it right now. A．sign up B．pick up C．help out D．hand out 7．—The village has ________ changed. —Yes, everything there has shown a new look. A．nearly B．politely C．completely D．warmly 8．The career advisor suggested some ________ courses like cooking and basic car repair for high school students. A．lively B．practical C．personal D．social 9．Grandpa often says that the true ________ of family is love and trust, not money or any other things. A．price B．value C．shape D．cost 10．—It was a lot of hard work to climb up such a high mountain! —But it was ________ it as you get a great view from the top. A．known B．uneasy C．smooth D．worth 11．—Some animals are still in danger. What can we do for them? —We can ________ some money to WWF. A．donate B．count C．borrow D．hide 12．—My brother keeps exercising for one hour every day. —His ________ finally brought him good results. He is in good condition now. A．luck B．hope C．talent D．effort 13．After the earthquake (地震), volunteers were busy ________ food to people in need. A．looking out B．putting out C．handing out D．trying out 14．Our class planted a tree in the school last month. Ever since, we ________ turns to water it. A．have taken B．take C．will take D．took 15．—Our school is organizing a visit to the children’s hospital this Sunday. —That’s meaningful! We should do more for those ________, like kids who are sick or lonely. A．in need B．in person C．in surprise D．in detail 16．The folk music is very popular now. It is well worth ________. A．listening B．to listen C．listening to D．to listen to 17．Shakespeare ________ in writing many great plays and he was a ________ playwright (剧作家). A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeeded; successful D．successfully; successful 18．People use ________ to introduce something that they want you to buy. A．advertisements B．posters C．letters D．inventions 二、根据汉语或首字母提示填空 1．About 200,000 ________ (参观者) came to Tai’erzhuang Ancient Town during the May Day holiday. 2．Many countries are improving public transportation to better serve ________ ________ (老人). 3．The group is a social ________ (组织) to help homeless children. 4．The company plans to ________ (提供) a new app for mobile users. 5．This new big house is Tom’s. He is the _______ (物主) of the house. 6．Jack has planted three small trees in the community in his ________ (青年时期). 7．If you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) will be more ______ (活跃的). 8．One of the most ________ (首要的) goals of education is to help children learn how to think. 9．Can you ________ ________ (分担工作) with the dishes after dinner? We’re a bit short on time. 10．All the money raised will go to a local ________ (慈善机构) that helps blind orphans. 11．The medical workers care for all the patients w________ (热情地). 12．The teacher is teaching the children to act like ________ (君子) . 13．Baby pandas are different from ________ (成年的) pandas. 14．I decided to ________ ________ (报名) for the online English course starting next week. 15．Here is some ________ (实用的) advice on dealing with stress. 16．Time waits for no man, but some people will never realise the _________(价值) of time until it’s gone. 17．The film Ne Zha 2 is well w________ (值得的) watching because it’s a wonderful story about friendship and courage. 18．Are you ________ (乐意的) to take on more responsibilities at work? 19．She’s always ________ ________ ________ (在忙碌中) from morning till night—working, picking up the kids, and attending meetings. 20．His idea is ________ (完全地) different from what we have thought before. 21．Many kind people have ________ (捐赠) books and clothes to children in poor areas. 22．Mike will succeed only if he puts in enough ________ (努力). 23．Please don’t forget to ________ ________ (分发) the exam papers to all students before the test begins. 24．Most students ________ ________ ________ (对……熟悉) using mobile phones, but they need to learn to use them properly. 25．She has a great ________ (才能) for music, which makes her the most popular student in my school. 词汇语境练-语篇 一、用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空。 A 用方框内所给的单词填空，每词限用一次，有一个多余选项。 communicate, donate, caring, support, collect, difference, need Helping those in 1 is so meaningful that everyone can do. It brings happiness to both the people who get help and the people who give help. Many warm-hearted people 2 money and things to charity every year. Some volunteers 3 old books and clothes for the poor kids in mountain villages, and some help the homeless people with food and shelter. They have been 4 about the people in trouble for a long time and they never give up. Volunteering is also a good way to 5 with different people. When we help others, we learn to be more kind and patient. We understand that a small act of kindness can make a big 6 to someone’s life. Let’s take action to help those in need, and make the world a better place. B 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 own      miss      effort      help out      warm Last weekend, Lily saw her neighbour Mr Brown standing outside his door, looking upset. She walked over to ask why, and Mr Brown said his pet dog, Lucky, was 1 . As Lucky’s 2 , he was very worried and looked for it all morning. Lily felt sorry for him and decided 3 . She called her classmates for help. They put up posters with Lucky’s photo, asked people in the park, and checked every corner of the neighbourhood. Everyone put their 4 into finding the dog. Finally, they found Lucky behind a supermarket. Mr Brown was so happy! He thanked Lily and her classmates 5 . All of them felt great because they helped someone in need. C 用方框中单词的适当形式填空 organize, visit, chat, provide, donation, own, interview, care Mike is a teenager who loves volunteer work. Last month, he joined a well-known 1 which helps the elderly. One sunny morning, Mike and other volunteers visited an old people’s home. As a 2 , he was warmly welcomed. They spent hours 3 with the elderly. During the visit, Mike found the old people needed more daily things. The 4 decided 5 more help. They called for many 6 . Mike also gave away his own pocket money. Later, an 7 from a newspaper came. Mike said that helping the elderly taught him to care for others. He learned that the old are the 8 of their own stories, and listening to them brings them great comfort. D 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次 ever since, lady, hand out,worth, most of all, life-saving Last year, I joined our school’s voluntary team. 1 then, I’ve learned how small actions can make a big difference. Every weekend, we 2 food to homeless people. One rainy day, an elderly 3 thanked me tearfully—it made me realize volunteering is always 4 the time. 5 , I’m proud of our 6 first-aid training. Last month, I used these skills to help a cyclist with a leg injury. Now I understand kindness is the best way to grow as a person. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 International Volunteer Day falls 1 December 5th every year. It was started by the United Nations in 1985. This special day aims to praise the selfless spirit of volunteers and make more people care about those in need around the world. Volunteers do different kinds of meaningful work. Some help look after 2 (home) animals and provide them with food and care. Some go to poor areas to teach children English or art 3 free. Others help clean up parks, rivers and communities to protect our environment. They spend their spare time 4 (help) others and never ask for any pay. Their kindness makes our society 5 (warm) and more beautiful. Being a volunteer is not only helpful to others but also good for 6 (our). We can learn 7 (value) communication skills, make new friends and feel a strong sense of 8 (achieve). It teaches us to love and share with people around us. Many teenagers around the world 9 (take) part in voluntary activities in recent years. No matter 10 small the action is, it can bring light to those in trouble. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Make a Difference 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、中英互译 单词表单词 单词 中文意思 单词 中文意思 visitor n. 参观者；来访者 elderly adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的 organization n. 组织；团体；机构 stadium n. 体育馆；运动场 provide v. 提供；给予 can n. (装食物或饮料的) 金属罐；一罐（的量） owner n. 主人；物主 cage n. 笼子 donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠 shelter n. 庇护所；居所 interviewer n. 面试官；采访者 youth n. 青年；青年时期 active adj. 活跃的；积极的 army n. 军队 solider n. 军人；士兵 primary adj. 小学教育的；首要的 charity n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地 lady n. 女士；淑女 gentleman n. 先生；君子 bark v. (狗) 吠叫 n. 狗叫声 adult n. 成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的 missing adj. 失踪的；丢失的 practical adj. 实用的；实际的 life-saving adj. 救命的；救生的 teamwork n. 团队合作 successful adj. 成功的；有成就的 value n. 重要作用；价值 voluntary adj. 自愿的；无偿的 ordinary adj. 平凡的；普通的 worth adj. 值得；有价值 audience n. 听众；观众 willing adj. 乐意的；愿意的 completely adv. 完全地；彻底地 success n. 成功 elder adj. (尤指家庭中两个成员) 年龄较长的 donate v. 捐赠；赠送 pocket n. 口袋 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试 etc 等等；以及诸如此类 talent n. 才能；天赋；天才 madam n. (正式、礼貌的称呼) 女士；夫人 advertisement n. 广告；启事 单词表短语 短语 中文意思 短语 中文意思 make a difference 有作用；有影响 the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人 nursing home 养老院 come along 赶快；跟着来 help out 分担工作；帮忙做 sign up 报名 ever since 自从；自……以后 most of all 最主要的是 on the go 忙碌的 in need 处于贫困中；生活困难 pocket money 零花钱 hand out 分发 familiar with 通晓；熟悉 二、词汇拓展(单词变形) 1. visitor n. 参观者；来访者 → visit v. 参观；拜访；n. 参观；访问 → visiting adj. 访问的；参观的 2. elderly adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的 → elder adj. (两人中)年级较长的(尤指哥哥姐姐) → old adj.年老的；旧的 3. organization/ organisation n. 组织；团体；机构 → organize / organise v. 组织；安排 → organizer n. 组织者；安排者 4. owner n. 主人；物主 → own adj. 自己的；v. 拥有 5. donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠 → donate v. 捐赠；赠送 6. interviewer n. 面试官；采访者 → interview v. & n. 采访；面试 → interviewee n. 被采访者；被面试者 7. youth n. 青年；青年时期 → youthful adj. 年轻的，显得年轻的 → young adj. 年轻的；年幼的 8. active adj. 活跃的；积极的 → actively adv. 积极地；活跃地 → activity n. 活动；行动 → inactive adj.不活跃的 9. warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地 → warm adj. 温暖的；热情的；v. 使温暖；变暖和 → warmth n. 温暖；热情 10. gentleman n.先生；君子 →（pl.）gentlemen先生；君子 → gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 → gently adv. 温和地；文雅地 → gentleness n. 温和；文雅 11. adult n. 成年人；adj. 成年的；成熟的 → adulthood n. 成年；成年时期 12. practical adj. 实用的；实际的 → practically adv. 实际上；几乎 → practice /practice n. 实践；练习；v. 练习 → impractical adj. 不切实际的 13. successful adj. 成功的；有成就的 → succeed v. 成功；达成 → success n. 成功；成就 → successfully adv. 成功地 14. value n. 重要作用；价值；v. 重视；估价 → valuable adj. 有价值的；珍贵的 → invaluable adj. 极有用的；极宝贵的 → valueless adj. 无价值的 15. voluntary adj. 自愿的；无偿的 → volunteer n. 志愿者；v. 自愿做 16. willing adj. 乐意的；愿意的 → will v. 愿意；将要；n. 意志；意愿 17. talent n. 才能；天赋；天才 → talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 18. advertisement （=ad）n. 广告；启事 → advertise v. 做广告；宣传 → advertising n. 广告业；广告活动 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．Our school’s volunteer ________ has organized over 50 activities this year, including cleaning the park and visiting the elderly. A．stadium B．organization C．museum D．shelter 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校的志愿者组织今年已经组织了50多场活动，包括清理公园和看望老人。 考查名词辨析。stadium体育场；organization组织；museum博物馆；shelter收容所。根据“has organized over 50 activities”（已经组织了50多场活动）可知，主语应是“志愿者组织”，organization符合语境。故选B。 2．The school library ________ different kinds of books for students. We can choose the ones we like to read. A．controls B．discusses C．supposes D．provides 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学校图书馆为学生提供各种各样的书籍。我们可以选择自己喜欢的来读。 controls控制；discusses讨论；supposes假设、认为；provides提供。根据句意及固定搭配provide sth. for sb.（为某人提供某物）可知，图书馆是提供书籍的地方，应选provides。 3．The ________ of the lost dog posted a notice at the community gate. With the help of volunteers, he found his dog three days later. A．visitor B．owner C．volunteer D．interviewer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这只丢失的狗的主人在社区门口贴了一张告示。在志愿者的帮助下，三天后他找到了他的狗。 考查名词辨析。visitor参观者；owner主人；volunteer志愿者；interviewer采访者。根据后文“he found his dog”可知，是狗的主人贴告示并最终找到了狗。故选B。 4．—Your boss looks really young for her age. How does she make it? — She has a/an________ lifestyle. She always stays happy. A．modern B．active C．expensive D．stressful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的老板看起来比实际年龄年轻得多。她是怎么做到的？——她有一种积极的生活方式。她总是保持快乐。 modern现代的；active积极的/活跃的；expensive昂贵的；stressful有压力的。根据"looks really young"和"stays happy"可知，积极的生活方式有助于保持年轻和快乐状态，符合语境。故选B。 5．She is a ________ musician as well as being a performer. A．talented B．loud C．primary D．fresh 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她是一个有才华的音乐家，也是一个表演者。 考查形容词词义辨析。talented有才华的；loud大声的；primary主要的；fresh新鲜的。根据“She is a...musician as well as being a performer.”可知，此处应表达她是一个有才华的音乐家。故选A。 6．—My mom is busy preparing dinner. Can you ________ with setting the table, Mike? —Of course! I’ll do it right now. A．sign up B．pick up C．help out D．hand out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我妈妈正忙着准备晚餐。迈克，你能帮忙摆一下桌子吗？——当然！我马上做。 sign up报名；pick up捡起/接人；help out帮忙；hand out分发。根据题干“with setting the table”可知，请求对方“帮忙”摆桌子，应填help out。 7．—The village has ________ changed. —Yes, everything there has shown a new look. A．nearly B．politely C．completely D．warmly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个村庄已经完全变了。——是的，那里的一切都焕然一新。 考查副词辨析。nearly几乎，差不多；politely有礼貌地；completely完全地；warmly热情地。根据“everything there has shown a new look”可知，村庄的变化是全方位、彻底的，强调变化的程度之深。故选C。 8．The career advisor suggested some ________ courses like cooking and basic car repair for high school students. A．lively B．practical C．personal D．social 【答案】B 【详解】句意：职业顾问建议高中生参加一些实用的课程，比如烹饪和基本的汽车修理。 lively活泼的；practical实用的；personal个人的；social社会的。根据“like cooking and basic car repair”可知，烹饪和修车属于生活技能，推测出这些课程是实用的。 9．Grandpa often says that the true ________ of family is love and trust, not money or any other things. A．price B．value C．shape D．cost 【答案】B 【详解】句意：爷爷常说，家庭的真正价值是爱和信任，而不是金钱或其他任何东西。 price价格；value价值；shape形状；cost成本。根据句意，爱和信任是家庭的“价值”，value符合语境。 10．—It was a lot of hard work to climb up such a high mountain! —But it was ________ it as you get a great view from the top. A．known B．uneasy C．smooth D．worth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爬上这么高的山需要付出很大的努力！——但这是值得的，因为你可以从山顶看到美丽的景色。 考查形容词辨析。known知名的；uneasy不安的；smooth光滑的；worth值得的。根据“But it was...it as you get a great view from the top.”可知，从山顶看到美丽的景色是值得爬上高山的，故选D。 11．—Some animals are still in danger. What can we do for them? —We can ________ some money to WWF. A．donate B．count C．borrow D．hide 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——一些动物仍然处于危险之中。我们能为它们做些什么？——我们可以向世界自然基金会捐一些钱。 考查动词辨析。donate捐赠；count数；borrow借；hide隐藏。根据“some money to WWF.”可知，是指向世界自然基金会捐钱。故选A。 12．—My brother keeps exercising for one hour every day. —His ________ finally brought him good results. He is in good condition now. A．luck B．hope C．talent D．effort 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我哥哥每天坚持锻炼一小时。——他的努力最终给他带来了好结果。他现在身体状况很好。 luck运气；hope希望；talent天赋；effort努力。根据前句“keeps exercising for one hour every day”可知，每天坚持锻炼体现了付出努力，因此是“effort（努力）”带来了好结果。 13．After the earthquake (地震), volunteers were busy ________ food to people in need. A．looking out B．putting out C．handing out D．trying out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：地震后，志愿者们忙着向需要的人们分发食物。 looking out小心，注意；putting out扑灭（火）；handing out分发；trying out试验，试用。根据关键词”食物”可知，地震后志愿者们忙于给需要的人们”分发”食物，应选“handing out”。 14．Our class planted a tree in the school last month. Ever since, we ________ turns to water it. A．have taken B．take C．will take D．took 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们班上个月在学校种了一棵树。从那以后，我们一直轮流给它浇水。 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“Ever since”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。 15．—Our school is organizing a visit to the children’s hospital this Sunday. —That’s meaningful! We should do more for those ________, like kids who are sick or lonely. A．in need B．in person C．in surprise D．in detail 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们学校这周日要组织去儿童医院参观。——太有意义了！我们应该为那些有困难的人多做些事，比如生病或孤独的孩子。 in need处于困境中；in person亲自；in surprise惊讶地；in detail详细地。根据“We should do more for those...”，此处是指需要帮助的人，应填in need。 16．The folk music is very popular now. It is well worth ________. A．listening B．to listen C．listening to D．to listen to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：民间音乐现在很受欢迎。它非常值得听。 be worth后接动名词形式，意为“值得做某事”，排除B、D；listen为不及物动词，后接宾语时需加介词to，句中It指代folk music，故保留to。 17．Shakespeare ________ in writing many great plays and he was a ________ playwright (剧作家). A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeeded; successful D．successfully; successful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莎士比亚在创作许多伟大戏剧方面很成功，他是一位成功的剧作家。 考查时态和形容词的用法。success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词原形；successful成功的，形容词；succeeded成功，动词过去式/动词过去分词；successfully成功地，副词。第一空，成功做某事“succeed in doing sth.”是固定搭配，且时态为一般过去时，需用动词过去式succeeded；第二空，修饰名词playwright需用形容词successful。故选C。 18．People use ________ to introduce something that they want you to buy. A．advertisements B．posters C．letters D．inventions 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人们用广告来介绍他们想让你买的东西。 考查名词辨析。advertisements广告；posters海报；letters信件；inventions发明。根据“introduce something that they want you to buy.”可知是广告。故选A。 二、根据汉语或首字母提示填空 1．About 200,000 ________ (参观者) came to Tai’erzhuang Ancient Town during the May Day holiday. 【答案】visitors 【详解】句意：在五一假期期间，大约20万参观者来到台儿庄古镇。visitor表示“参观者”，About 200,000后接名词复数。故填visitors。 2．Many countries are improving public transportation to better serve ________ ________ (老人). 【答案】 the elderly 【详解】句意：许多国家正在改善公共交通，以更好地为老年人服务。elderly“老年人”，形容词，the+形容词，表示一类人或物。 3．The group is a social ________ (组织) to help homeless children. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：这个团体是一个帮助流浪儿童的社会组织。根据提示可知，此处表达“组织”，在形容词social之后应为名词，organization为名词“组织”，符合语境，根据“a”可知，此处organization用单数形式。故填organization。 4．The company plans to ________ (提供) a new app for mobile users. 【答案】provide 【详解】句意：该公司计划为手机用户提供一款新应用。根据中文提示“提供”，应填动词provide。固定搭配plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，故用动词原形provide。 5．This new big house is Tom’s. He is the _______ (物主) of the house. 【答案】owner 【详解】句意：这座新的大房子是汤姆的。他是这所房子的主人。根据句意和括号所给词的翻译可知，本句考查owner（物主）；又因为物主只有汤姆一个，是单数，所以此空填入名词单数形式。故填owner。 6．Jack has planted three small trees in the community in his ________ (青年时期). 【答案】youth 【详解】句意：杰克在他青年时期在社区里种了三棵小树。in one’s youth意为“在某人的青年时期”，这里根据中文提示“青年时期”，结合所给语境，应填youth。 7．If you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) will be more ______ (活跃的). 【答案】active 【详解】句意：如果你对某件事感兴趣，你的大脑会更活跃。根据“will be more...”可知，横线处需填形容词，active“活跃的”，为形容词。故填active。 8．One of the most ________ (首要的) goals of education is to help children learn how to think. 【答案】primary 【详解】句意：教育最主要的目标之一就是帮助孩子学会如何思考‌。“首要的”对应的英文单词是“primary”，是形容词，修饰名词“goals”。 9．Can you ________ ________ (分担工作) with the dishes after dinner? We’re a bit short on time. 【答案】 help out 【详解】句意：晚饭后你能帮忙洗碗吗？我们时间有点紧。help out“分担工作；帮忙”，动词短语，情态动词“Can”后跟动词原形。 10．All the money raised will go to a local ________ (慈善机构) that helps blind orphans. 【答案】charity 【详解】句意：所有筹集到的资金都将用于当地一家帮助失明孤儿的慈善机构。“慈善机构”的表达是charity，故填charity。 11．The medical workers care for all the patients w________ (热情地). 【答案】warmly/armly 【详解】句意：医护人员热情地照顾所有的病人。句中“care for”是动词短语，需要副词修饰，结合“all the patients”及首字母为w可知，应是说医护人员热情地照顾病人，warmly“热情地，温暖地”，符合语境。 12．The teacher is teaching the children to act like ________ (君子) . 【答案】gentlemen 【详解】句意：老师正在教孩子们像君子一样行事（举止得体、品行端正）。gentleman是最贴合 “君子” 文化内涵的对应词。“children”是复数，对应 “君子” 用复数gentlemen。 13．Baby pandas are different from ________ (成年的) pandas. 【答案】adult 【详解】句意：熊猫宝宝与成年熊猫不同。根据汉语提示可知，adult“成年的”，此处作定语修饰名词pandas。 14．I decided to ________ ________ (报名) for the online English course starting next week. 【答案】 sign up 【详解】句意：我决定报名参加下周开始的在线英语课程。根据中文提示“报名”可知，对应的英文短语是sign up；句中decided to为固定搭配，后接动词原形，故填sign；up。 15．Here is some ________ (实用的) advice on dealing with stress. 【答案】practical 【详解】句意：这里有一些关于应对压力的实用的建议。根据汉语提示可知，practical“实用的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词advice。 16．Time waits for no man, but some people will never realise the _________(价值) of time until it’s gone. 【答案】value 【详解】句意：时光不等人，但有些人直到时间流逝才会意识到它的价值。句中“价值”对应英文单词value，此处为不可数名词，故填value。 17．The film Ne Zha 2 is well w________ (值得的) watching because it’s a wonderful story about friendship and courage. 【答案】worth/orth 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒 2》很值得观看，因为它是一个关于友谊与勇气的精彩故事。根据汉语提示及首字母提示可知，此处考查固定搭配be worth doing sth.，意为“值得做某事”，worth“值得的”，符合语境。 18．Are you ________ (乐意的) to take on more responsibilities at work? 【答案】willing 【详解】句意：你乐意在工作中承担更多责任吗？be willing to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“乐意做某事；愿意做某事”。故填willing。 19．She’s always ________ ________ ________ (在忙碌中) from morning till night—working, picking up the kids, and attending meetings. 【答案】 on the go 【详解】句意：她总是从早到晚忙个不停——工作，接孩子，参加会议。on the go“在忙碌中”，是介词短语，作为表语。 20．His idea is ________ (完全地) different from what we have thought before. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：他的想法与我们之前所想的完全不同。completely“完全地”，副词，在句中用于修饰形容词different，作状语。 21．Many kind people have ________ (捐赠) books and clothes to children in poor areas. 【答案】donated 【详解】句意：许多好心人给贫困地区的孩子们捐赠了书籍和衣物。根据句子结构可知，本句是现在完成时，谓语结构为“have+动词过去分词”，“捐赠”对应的英文动词是donate，此处需要填写它的过去分词形式donated。 22．Mike will succeed only if he puts in enough ________ (努力). 【答案】effort 【详解】句意：只有付出足够的努力，Mike才会成功。句中“enough”为形容词，意为“足够的”，后需接名词；“努力”对应的英文单词是effort，它作“努力”(抽象概念) 讲时为不可数名词，put in effort是固定搭配，意为“付出努力”，故填effort。 23．Please don’t forget to ________ ________ (分发) the exam papers to all students before the test begins. 【答案】 hand out 【详解】句意：考试开始前，请别忘了把试卷分发给所有学生。forget to后需跟动词原形，表示“分发”的短语是hand out。 24．Most students ________ ________ ________ (对……熟悉) using mobile phones, but they need to learn to use them properly. 【答案】 are familiar with 【详解】句意：大多数学生熟悉使用手机，但他们需要学会正确使用。“对……熟悉”为be familiar with，主语“Most students”为复数，be动词用are。故填are；familiar；with。 25．She has a great ________ (才能) for music, which makes her the most popular student in my school. 【答案】talent 【详解】句意：她在音乐方面很有天赋，这使她成为我学校里最受欢迎的学生。根据汉语提示“才能”以及空前的冠词“a”和形容词“great”可知，此处应填入名词单数形式。在英语中，“have a talent for...”是固定搭配，意为“在……方面有天赋/才能”，故填talent。 词汇语境练-语篇 一、用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空。 A 用方框内所给的单词填空，每词限用一次，有一个多余选项。 communicate, donate, caring, support, collect, difference, need Helping those in 1 is so meaningful that everyone can do. It brings happiness to both the people who get help and the people who give help. Many warm-hearted people 2 money and things to charity every year. Some volunteers 3 old books and clothes for the poor kids in mountain villages, and some help the homeless people with food and shelter. They have been 4 about the people in trouble for a long time and they never give up. Volunteering is also a good way to 5 with different people. When we help others, we learn to be more kind and patient. We understand that a small act of kindness can make a big 6 to someone’s life. Let’s take action to help those in need, and make the world a better place. 【答案】1．need 2．donate 3．collect 4．caring 5．communicate 6．difference 【导语】本文倡导大家投身助人行动，指出帮助有需要的人意义非凡，能让双方都收获快乐，还能提升自我，呼吁众人用善举让世界更美好。 【详解】 1．句意：帮助那些有需要的人是非常有意义的。in need是固定搭配，意为“在危难中/需要帮助的”，符合语境。 2．句意：许多热心人每年向慈善机构捐赠钱物。donate money to charity意为“向慈善机构捐款”，主语people是复数，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形。 3．句意：一些志愿者为山区贫困孩子收集旧书和衣服。collect意为“收集”，符合志愿者gather物品的语境，主语volunteers是复数，用动词原形。 4．句意：他们长期以来一直关心陷入困境的人。have been doing为现在完成进行时，此处表示持续的关心。故填caring。 5．句意：志愿服务也是与不同的人交流的好方法。communicate with是固定搭配，意为“与……交流”，不定式to后接动词原形。 6．句意：小小的善举也能对某人的生活产生巨大影响。make a difference是固定短语，意为“产生影响/起作用”，big后接名词。 B 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 own      miss      effort      help out      warm Last weekend, Lily saw her neighbour Mr Brown standing outside his door, looking upset. She walked over to ask why, and Mr Brown said his pet dog, Lucky, was 1 . As Lucky’s 2 , he was very worried and looked for it all morning. Lily felt sorry for him and decided 3 . She called her classmates for help. They put up posters with Lucky’s photo, asked people in the park, and checked every corner of the neighbourhood. Everyone put their 4 into finding the dog. Finally, they found Lucky behind a supermarket. Mr Brown was so happy! He thanked Lily and her classmates 5 . All of them felt great because they helped someone in need. 【答案】1．missing 2．owner 3．to help out 4．effort/efforts 5．warmly 【导语】本文讲述莉莉发现邻居的宠物狗走失，号召同学一起帮忙寻找，最终成功找回小狗、收获暖心经历的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：布朗先生说他的宠物狗幸运走失了。上文提到“looking upset”以及后文“looked for it all morning”，能看出小狗已经不见了，空格需形容词作表语，miss变形为missing，意为“丢失的”，be missing是固定用法，贴合小狗走失的上下文情节。 2．句意：作为幸运的主人，他十分着急，找了它一整个上午。根据上文可知布朗先生饲养这只宠物狗，空格放在名词所有格后需要填入名词，own变形为owner，意为“主人”，对应布朗先生和宠物狗的所属关系。 3．句意：莉莉很同情他，决定伸出援手。上文提到“Lily felt sorry for him”，体现莉莉心生同情想要帮忙，固定搭配decide to do sth.，需用动词不定式，选用短语help out，意为“帮忙”，符合莉莉主动助人的语境。 4．句意：每个人都尽心尽力寻找这只小狗。上文提到同学们一起贴海报、询问路人、排查街区角落，众人合力找狗，固定搭配put one’s effort into doing sth.，意为“为某事付出努力”，选用名词effort，此处用名词单数或者复数均符合语境。 5．句意：布朗先生热情地感谢了莉莉和她的同学们。上文提到找回小狗后“Mr Brown was so happy”，心怀感激向孩子们道谢，空格修饰动词“thanked”，需用副词作状语，warm变形为warmly，意为“热情地”，用来修饰道谢的状态，贴合语境。 C 用方框中单词的适当形式填空 organize, visit, chat, provide, donation, own, interview, care Mike is a teenager who loves volunteer work. Last month, he joined a well-known 1 which helps the elderly. One sunny morning, Mike and other volunteers visited an old people’s home. As a 2 , he was warmly welcomed. They spent hours 3 with the elderly. During the visit, Mike found the old people needed more daily things. The 4 decided 5 more help. They called for many 6 . Mike also gave away his own pocket money. Later, an 7 from a newspaper came. Mike said that helping the elderly taught him to care for others. He learned that the old are the 8 of their own stories, and listening to them brings them great comfort. 【答案】1．organization 2．visitor 3．chatting 4．carers 5．to provide 6．donations 7．interviewer 8．owners 【导语】本文讲述了喜欢志愿工作的少年Mike，加入一个知名的志愿组织探访养老院、帮助老人，并受到报社采访的经历。 【详解】 1．句意：上个月，他加入了一个知名的组织，该组织致力于帮助老年人。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词well-known，需要填入一个名词。结合语境“加入一个帮助老人的机构”，方框中的动词organize需变为名词形式organization（组织）。 2．句意：作为一名访客，他受到了热烈欢迎。空格前有不定冠词a，需要填入一个表示身份的名词。根据上下文，Mike和其他志愿者一起去养老院探访，因此方框中的动词visit需变为名词形式visitor（访客/来访者）。 3．句意：他们花了好几个小时和老人聊天。固定搭配spend time doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”，因此方框中的动词chat需变为动名词形式chatting，构成chatting with the elderly（和老人聊天）的搭配。 4．句意：探访期间，Mike发现老人们需要更多日常用品。护理人员 决定提供更多帮助。 方框词care变形为名词复数carers（护理员/照顾者），既符合语法要求，也贴合上下文“志愿者们为老人提供帮助”的语境。 5．句意：这个组织决定提供更多帮助。固定搭配decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，因此方框中的动词provide需变为不定式形式to provide，与后文more help构成provide more help（提供更多帮助）的搭配。 6．句意：他们呼吁大家进行许多捐赠。Mike也捐出了自己的零花钱。空格前的many后需接可数名词复数，结合后文gave away his own pocket money（捐出零花钱）的语境，方框中的名词donation需变为复数形式donations（捐赠）。 7．句意：后来，一位报社的记者来了。空格前有不定冠词an，需要填入一个表示职业的名词。结合后文“报社来的人采访 Mike”的语境，方框中的动词interview需变为名词形式interviewer。 8．句意：他了解到，老人是他们自己故事的主人，倾听他们说话能给他们带来极大的慰藉。空格前的the后需接名词，结合后文of their own stories（他们自己的故事）的语境，方框中的词own需变为名词形式owners（主人），表示 “故事的主人”。 D 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次 ever since, lady, hand out,worth, most of all, life-saving Last year, I joined our school’s voluntary team. 1 then, I’ve learned how small actions can make a big difference. Every weekend, we 2 food to homeless people. One rainy day, an elderly 3 thanked me tearfully—it made me realize volunteering is always 4 the time. 5 , I’m proud of our 6 first-aid training. Last month, I used these skills to help a cyclist with a leg injury. Now I understand kindness is the best way to grow as a person. 【答案】1．Ever since 2．hand out 3．lady 4．worth 5．Most of all 6．life-saving 【导语】本文讲述了作者加入学校志愿队后的经历，体现了志愿行动和善意带来的影响。 【详解】 1．句意：从那以后，我明白了小小的行动能带来巨大的改变。“ever since then”是固定短语表示“从那以后”，结合现在完成时“have learned”的语境，选短语Ever since（首字母大写），符合语法和语义。 2．句意：每个周末，我们都会给无家可归的人分发食物。“hand out”是固定短语表示“分发”，结合“food to homeless people”的语境，主语“we”是复数，用动词原形hand out，符合语义。 3．句意：在一个雨天，一位年长的女士流着泪向我道谢。此处需填表示“女性”的名词，结合“elderly”的修饰，选单词lady，符合语境。 4．句意：这让我意识到志愿活动总是值得花时间的。“be worth the time”表示“值得花时间”，结合“volunteering”的语境，选单词worth，符合语义。 5．句意：最重要的是，我为我们的救生急救培训感到自豪。“most of all”是固定短语表示“最重要的是”，用于强调，选短语Most of all（首字母大写），符合语境。 6．句意：最重要的是，我为我们的急救培训感到自豪。此处需填形容词修饰“first-aid training”，结合“help a cyclist with a leg injury”的语境，选短语life-saving，符合“救生的”语义。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 International Volunteer Day falls 1 December 5th every year. It was started by the United Nations in 1985. This special day aims to praise the selfless spirit of volunteers and make more people care about those in need around the world. Volunteers do different kinds of meaningful work. Some help look after 2 (home) animals and provide them with food and care. Some go to poor areas to teach children English or art 3 free. Others help clean up parks, rivers and communities to protect our environment. They spend their spare time 4 (help) others and never ask for any pay. Their kindness makes our society 5 (warm) and more beautiful. Being a volunteer is not only helpful to others but also good for 6 (our). We can learn 7 (value) communication skills, make new friends and feel a strong sense of 8 (achieve). It teaches us to love and share with people around us. Many teenagers around the world 9 (take) part in voluntary activities in recent years. No matter 10 small the action is, it can bring light to those in trouble. 【答案】 1．on 2．homeless 3．for 4．helping 5．warmer 6．ourselves 7．valuable 8．achievement 9．have taken 10．how 【导语】本文介绍了国际志愿者日及其意义，阐述了志愿者们从事的各种有意义的工作，以及做志愿者不仅对他人有帮助，也对志愿者自身有益。 【详解】 1．句意：国际志愿者日是在每年的12月5日。在具体的某一天（如12月5日）前面，需要用介词on。 2．句意：一些人帮助照顾无家可归的动物，并为它们提供食物和照顾。空格处需要一个形容词来修饰名词animals，括号里的home是名词，需要变为形容词homeless，意为“无家可归的”。 3．句意：一些人去贫困地区免费教孩子们英语或艺术。for free是固定短语，意为“免费地”。 4．句意：他们花自己的业余时间帮助别人，从不索取任何报酬。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。因此，括号里的help需要变为动名词形式。 5．句意：他们的善良使我们的社会变得更加温暖和美好。句子中的“and more beautiful”提示，空格处也需要一个比较级形式，warm的比较级是warmer。 6．句意：做一名志愿者不仅对他人有帮助，对我们自己也有好处。句子主语是“Being a volunteer”，这里表示“对我们自己有益”，需要用反身代词。 7．句意：我们可以学到宝贵的沟通技巧，结交新朋友，并感受到强烈的成就感。空格处需要一个形容词来修饰名词短语“communication skills”，括号里的value是名词/动词，需要变为形容词valuable，意为“宝贵的，有价值的”。 8．句意：我们可以学到宝贵的沟通技巧，结交新朋友，并感受到强烈的成就感。a sense of... 意为“一种……的感觉”，of是介词，后面需要接名词，括号里的achieve是动词，需要变为名词形式achievement。 9．句意：近年来，世界各地的许多青少年都参加了志愿活动。时间状语“in recent years”通常与现在完成时连用，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。主语“Many teenagers”是复数，因此谓语动词用have taken。 10．句意：无论这个行动多么微小，它都能给那些陷入困境的人带来光明。No matter how...是固定句型，意为“无论多么……”，用来引导让步状语从句，这里修饰形容词 small，所以用how。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $