Unit 8 Natural disasters（重难词汇精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然灾害”主题词汇，构建“基础记忆-单句应用-语篇综合”三阶训练体系，系统提升词汇理解与运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|单词汉译英（20+）、短语汉译英（13）、词汇拓展（10）|以词形转换、中英互译为主，夯实核心词汇拼写与词性变化|从基础词汇认知（单词、短语）到词形拓展（派生词、时态变化），构建词汇网络| |词汇语境练-句子|单选（15）、填空（10）|结合 disaster 场景考查词汇辨析与搭配，如“protect...from”“take action”|在单句语境中强化词汇应用，衔接基础记忆与语篇理解| |词汇语境练-语篇|完形填空（15）、短文填空（10）|通过 flood/typhoon 语篇考查词汇在情境中的综合运用，涉及动词、名词等核心词|从单句到语篇，提升词汇在真实灾害情境中的理解与表达能力，培养语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 8 Natural disasters 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 disaster n. 灾难；灾害 coastal adj. 沿海的 earthquake n. 地震 damage v. & n. 损害；毁坏 typhoon n. 台风 nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的 wildfire n. 野火 explosion n. 爆炸 powerful adj. 力量大的 radioactivity n. 放射线；放射性 object n. 物体；目标；宾语 v. 反对 highlight v. 突出；强调 n. 最精彩的部分 indoors adv. 在室内 chain n. 一连串（人或事）；链子 shut v. 关闭；（使）关门 adj. 关闭；停业 per prep. 每；每一 lightning n. 闪电 amount n. 数量；数额 authority n. 官方；权力 overflow v. & n. 漫出 advise v. 建议；劝告 destroy v. 破坏；消灭 throat n. 喉咙；咽喉 troop n. 军队；士兵；连队 lung n. 肺 successfully adv. 成功地 occur v. 发生；出现 grassland n. 草原；草地 anytime adv. 在任何时候 badly adv. 严重地；非常 survival n. 生存；幸存 real adj. 真实的；实在的 secondary adj. 次生的 gate n. 闸门；大门；大门口 landslide n. 滑坡，崩塌 aim v. 力求达到；目的是；瞄准 n. 目的；目标；瞄准 destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 tsunami n. 海啸 短语 中文 英文 当涉及某事（或做某事）时 when it comes to (doing) sth. 靠边停车 pull over 大量的；充足的 plenty of 密切注意 keep an eye out (for sb./sth.) 使崩溃 bring down 少于 less than 半小时 half an hour 解决；处理 deal with 采取行动 take action 变凉；冷却 cool down 高达 reach up to 大量的 large amounts of 与……作斗争 fight against 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 power n. 权力；影响力；力量—powerful adj.力量大的 2 shut v. 关闭；（使）关门 adj. 关闭；停业—（过去式和过 去 分 词）shut—（现在 分词） shutting 3 advise v. 建议；劝告—advice n. 建议；劝告 4 survive v. 生存；幸存—survival n. 生存；幸存 5 second num. 第二（个）的—secondary adj.次生的 6 coast n. 海岸—coastal adj. 沿海的 7 destroy v. 破坏；消灭—destruction n. 破坏；毁灭—destructive adj.毁灭性的 8 radioactive adj. 有辐射的—radioactivity n.放射线；放射性 9 succeed v. 成功—success n. 成功；成功的人（或事物）—successful adj. 成功的—successfully adv. 成功地 10 aim v.力求达到；目的是n.目的；目标；瞄准—aimless adj.没有方向的；无目标的 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1．It’s common sense to call 120 ______ when you find someone in danger. A．give away B．right away C．take away D．stay away 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你发现有人处于危险时，立即拨打120是常识。 考查动词短语辨析。give away泄露；right away马上；take away带走；stay away远离。根据“someone in danger”和“call 120”可知，发现有人处于危险时应立即拨打120。故选B。 2．—The Nenjiang River system is one of the few unpolluted systems in our country. —It’s amazing! Then more measures should be taken to _______ it. A．recycle B．praise C．protect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嫩江河系统是我们国家少有的没有被污染的系统之一。——这是惊人的！那么更多的措施应该被采取来保护它。 考查动词辨析。recycle回收；praise赞扬；protect保护。根据“Then more measures should be taken to...it”及上文可知要采取措施保护河流系统，故选C。 3．The Thames Barrier can ________ London ________ floods. A．protect; from B．protect; to C．prevent; from D．prevent; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：泰晤士河屏障能够保护伦敦免受洪水的侵袭。   protect...from...保护……免受……；protect...to...无此搭配；prevent...from...阻止……做……；prevent...to...无此搭配。根据句意，屏障的作用是保护伦敦不被洪水侵害，固定搭配“protect...from...”符合语境。 4．The Three Gorges Dam is located ________ the Changjiang River. A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：三峡大坝位于长江上。   in在……里面；on在……之上（表示与河流/表面接触）；at在……地点；to向/到。三峡大坝横跨长江而建，通常表达为“on the river”，表示在河流之上的位置，on符合语境。 5．Many countries take ________ ways to stop floods according to their own situation. A．all kind of B．all kinds of C．kind of D．a kinds of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多国家根据自身情况采取各种方式阻止洪水。 根据题干“ways”是可数名词复数，表示“各种方式”应用all kinds of，应填all kinds of。 6．He stopped ________ water when he felt thirsty on his way. A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D．drunk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他在路上感到口渴时停下来去喝水。 根据“He stopped...water when he felt thirsty on his way.”可知，他是停下来为了去喝水，句中是stop to do sth“停下来去做某事”结构，此处用动词不定式，应填to drink。 7．________ natural disasters, people should learn to protect themselves first. A．In order to B．In times of C．Because of D．Thanks to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在自然灾害时期，人们应该首先学会保护自己。 In order to为了；In times of在……时期；Because of因为；Thanks to多亏。根据“natural disasters”和“people should learn to protect themselves”的逻辑，此处表示“在自然灾害发生时”的情境，应用In times of。 8．Please ________ the table ________a clean cloth before dinner. A．cover; with B．fill; with C．help; with D．provide; with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请在晚饭前用一块干净的布把桌子覆盖上。 cover... with... 意为“用……覆盖……”；fill... with... 意为“用……装满……”；help... with... 意为“在……方面帮助……”；provide... with... 意为“提供……给……”。根据“before dinner”和“clean cloth”可知是用布铺桌子，符合语境。故选A。 9．Many unexpected things may happen ________ the same time in our life. A．on B．at C．in D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们的生活中，许多意想不到的事情可能会同时发生。 on在……上；at在；in在……里；for为了。固定短语at the same time意为“同时”，符合语境。 10．The guide ________the tourists far away and told them to keep safe on the mountain. A．shouted about B．shouted to C．shouted with D．shouted for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：导游向远处的游客大喊，并告诉他们要在山上注意安全。 shouted about因某事大声叫嚷；shouted to向……大喊；shouted with因……而喊叫；shouted for为……而喊。根据“the tourists far away”可知，游客在远处，导游需要向他们大喊以便他们听到，强调距离和方向。故选B。 11．We should ________ the possible secondary disasters after an earthquake, such as fires. A．keep an eye out for B．look forward to C．catch up with D．get along with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：地震后我们应该留意可能发生的次生灾害，比如火灾。 keep an eye out for留意、密切关注；look forward to期待；catch up with赶上；get along with与……相处。地震后需要警惕火灾等次生灾害，及时发现防范，应填keep an eye out for。 12．Which of the following words is a compound word (合成词)? A．Healthy. B．Illness. C．Blackboard. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪个单词是合成词？ Healthy健康的；Illness疾病；Blackboard黑板。Healthy是由health加后缀-y构成，Illness是由ill加后缀-ness构成，均属于派生词；Blackboard是由black和board两个单词构成的合成词。 13．The ________ little girl learned to sit up all by ________. A．11-month-old, herself B．11 months old, herself C．11 months old, her D．11-month-old, her 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个11个月大的小女孩学会了自己坐起来。 第一空，数词、名词单数和形容词之间加连字符构成复合形容词作定语，修饰girl，应用11-month-old；第二空，固定搭配by oneself意为“独自”，主语是女孩，反身代词应用herself。 14．If you are outside, get to an open area as ________ as possible. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你在室外，要尽可能快地到达开阔地带。 固定搭配“as...as possible”意为“尽可能……”，中间需用形容词或副词的原级。故填fast。 15．Never get into a lift ________ an earthquake. A．during B．after C．before D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：地震期间千万不要进入电梯。 during在……期间；after在……之后；before在……之前；since自从。根据安全常识可知，地震发生时乘坐电梯非常危险，此处表示“在……期间”。 四、根据汉语提示填空 1．—Guys, you can get into the park from any of the ________ (大门). —Oh, I am going to go through (穿过) this one because it is closer to me than the other ones. 【答案】gates 【详解】句意：——兄弟们，你们可以从任意一个大门进入公园。——哦，我打算从这个门进，因为它对我来说比其他的更近。根据“Guys, you can get into the park from any of the...”可知，此处是指可以从任意一个大门进公园，gate大门，any of the + 可数名词复数，故填gates。 2．It’s said that the famous comedian and actress Jia Ling has ________ (成功地) lost 50kg for a film role. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：据说，著名喜剧演员贾玲为了出演一个电影角色成功地减掉了50公斤。successfully“成功地”，副词修饰动词。故填successfully。 3．Millie read some books about DIY and ________ (建议) me to attend the lessons. 【答案】advised 【详解】句意：米莉读了一些关于DIY的书，并建议我参加课程。根据“me to attend the lessons”和所给中文可知，advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，“建议”advise。根据“Millie read some books about DIY and...”可知，句子为一般过去时，and前后为并列结构，故空格处应与read时态一致。故填advised。 4．The man says, “￥50 ________ (每) person if you want to go there.” 【答案】per 【详解】句意：那名男人说：“如果你想去那里，每人50元。”根据汉语提示可知，此空指per“每，每一”， 介词，后接名词。故填per。 5．The river ________（溢出）after days of rain, covering some nearby fields. 【答案】overflowed 【详解】句意：经过几天的降雨，河水溢出了，淹没了附近的一些田地。题目要求填表示“溢出”的英文单词，overflow是动词，意为“溢出、泛滥”，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时， overflow的过去式为overflowed。 6．These ________ (士兵) arrived quickly to help people after the flood. 【答案】troops 【详解】句意：洪水过后，这些士兵迅速赶来帮助人们。“士兵”对应英文为可数名词troop，前有these修饰，应用复数troops。 7．We had a picnic on the green ________（草地）and played games with friends. 【答案】grassland 【详解】句意：我们在绿油油的草地上野餐，还和朋友们一起玩游戏。grassland“草地”是名词，定冠词the和形容词green修饰名词，the green grassland“绿油油的草地”。故填grassland。 8．The heavy rain ________ (毁坏) the old bridge, so people can’t use it now. 【答案】damaged 【详解】句意：大雨毁坏了那座旧桥，所以人们现在无法使用它。根据“so people can’t use it now”提示，毁坏的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。“毁坏”为动词damage，其过去式是damaged。 9．We saw bright ________ (闪电) in the sky during the thunderstorm. 【答案】lightning 【详解】句意：雷雨期间，我们看到了天空中出现了明亮的闪电。根据句意及中文提示可知，这里应填名词lightning“闪电”作宾语，为不可数名词。 10．Her ________ (目标) is to finish all her homework before dinner. 【答案】aim 【详解】句意：她的目标是在晚饭前完成所有作业。此处需要填入名词作主语，aim“目标、目的”，is提示此处用单数形式。 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 Last summer, I had an unusual experience. A heavy rainfall 1 my hometown. It rained more 2 than it had all year. To begin with, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, the water in the river rose 3 . We immediately 4 prepare for the coming flood. Dad took our first-aid kit. Mom and I took some water, food and warm clothes. Then, we moved to the third floor of our house. From the window, we saw flood water 5 the streets. Many cars were 6 the water. Some houses near the river were flooded, too. The rain was still 7 . But luckily we were 8 . Enough 9 also helped us stay calm. The next morning, the rain stopped. Volunteers arrived by boat to help people 10 . After the flood, the local community worked together to clean the streets and 11 the houses. Some people 12 in the flood, but the government and kind people offered help to them at once. They started to recover (恢复) from the 13 . Now, I know that natural disasters can be terrible, but we shouldn’t be 14 of them. Good preparation and teamwork can help 15 damage from natural disasters. 1．A．hit B．forced C．glued D．blew 2．A．heavily B．often C．strongly D．brightly 3．A．slowly B．suddenly C．clearly D．usually 4．A．took action to B．paid attention to C．looked forward to D．hung on to 5．A．keeping off B．fighting against C．sweeping through D．turning to 6．A．short of B．stuck in C．rich in D．full of 7．A．breaking down B．getting down C．pouring down D．falling down 8．A．safe B．quiet C．terrible D．harmful 9．A．help B．preparation C．energy D．information 10．A．in need B．in public C．in fear D．in order 11．A．repair B．prepare C．volunteer D．sweep 12．A．offered their opinions B．lost their ways C．saved their lives D．lost their homes 13．A．passage B．disaster C．wound D．disease 14．A．scared B．angry C．glad D．surprised 15．A．force B．bleed C．reduce D．burn 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者去年夏天经历的一场洪水灾害。描述了洪水来临时的紧急准备、安全撤离以及灾后恢复的过程，强调了准备的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：一场强降雨袭击了我的家乡。 表示自然灾害“袭击/侵袭”常用“hit”。“forced”强迫，“glued”粘贴，“blew”吹，均不符合。 2．句意：雨下得比全年任何时候都大。 修饰动词“rained”应用副词，描述雨大用“heavily”。 3．句意：然而，河里的水位突然上涨。 根据后文大家立即准备应对洪水，可知水位是“突然地”上涨，故选suddenly。“slowly”缓慢地，“clearly”清楚地，“usually”通常，均不符合。 4．句意：我们立即采取行动为即将到来的洪水做准备。 “took action to”意为“采取行动做某事”，符合语境，故选A。“paid attention to”注意，“looked forward to”期待，“hung on to”紧紧抓住，均不符合。 5．句意：从窗户我们看到洪水席卷了街道。 “sweeping through”意为“席卷/横扫”，形象地描述洪水冲过街道，符合语境。“keeping off”远离，“fighting against”与……斗争，“turning to”转向/求助于，均不符合。 6．句意：许多汽车被困在水中。 “stuck in”意为“困在……中”，符合语境。“short of”缺乏，“rich in”富含，“full of”充满，均不符合。 7．句意：雨仍然倾盆而下。 “pouring down”意为“倾盆而下”，形容雨下得很大，符合语境。“breaking down”发生故障/分解，“getting down”下来，“falling down”跌倒/倒塌，均不符合。 8．句意：但幸运的是，我们是安全的。 根据前文他们做了准备、搬到三楼，后文志愿者来帮助，可知他们是“安全的”(safe)。“quiet”安静的，“terrible”可怕的，“harmful”有害的，均不符合。 9．句意：充分的准备也帮助我们保持冷静。 根据前文他们提前准备了急救包、水、食物、衣服等，可知是“准备”帮助了他们，故选preparation。 10．句意：志愿者乘船来帮助有需要的人。 “in need”意为“有需要的”，符合语境。“in public”公开地，“in fear”害怕地，“in order”有序地/整齐地，均不符合。 11．句意：洪水过后，当地社区齐心协力清理街道和修理房屋。 根据前文洪水过后需要重建，以及“clean the streets”并列，可知他们“修理/修复”房屋，故选repair。“prepare”准备，“volunteer”志愿做，“sweep”清扫，均不符合。 12．句意：有些人在洪水中失去了家园，但政府和善良的人们立刻向他们提供了帮助。 根据后文“offered help to them”，可知这些人遭受了损失，“lost their homes”意为“失去了家园”，符合语境。“offered their opinions”提供了意见，“lost their ways”迷路了，“saved their lives”救了他们的命，均不符合。 13．句意：他们开始从灾害中恢复。 根据全文讲述洪水灾害，此处用“disaster”(灾害)。“passage”段落/通道，“wound”伤口，“disease”疾病，均不符合。 14．句意：自然灾害可能很可怕，但我们不应该害怕它们。 “be scared of”是固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，符合语境，故选scared。 15．句意：充分的准备和团队合作可以帮助减少自然灾害造成的损失。 “reduce damage”意为“减少损失”，符合语境，故选reduce。“force”强迫，“bleed”流血，“burn”燃烧，均不符合。 6、 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the 1 (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people 2 (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came 3 the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was 4 (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full 5 (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind 6 (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in 7 (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the 8 (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became 9 (hero) . Though nature showed 10 (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 【答案】 1．southwestern 2．not to go 3．from 4．nearly 5．preparations 6．beat 7．hidden 8．worst 9．heroes 10．its 【导语】本文主要记叙了一场超强台风的来袭过程，讲述了人们在台风前后的应对、受灾情况，以及灾难中人性的坚强与互助。 【详解】1．句意：它发生在该国的西南部地区。“part”是名词，前面需用形容词修饰，方位词southwest需变为形容词形式，作定语修饰part。 2．句意：当气象中心警告人们不要外出时，许多人开始意识到危险。动词“warn”，固定搭配warn sb. (not) to do sth.，表示“警告某人（不）做某事”。 3．句意：风暴从附近岛屿的海岸袭来，并迅速向城镇移动。固定搭配come from the coast表示“来自海岸/从海岸登陆”，此处强调台风的移动路径，用come from更贴合语境。 4．句意：尽管台风还很远，它的风速却接近每小时200公里。200 kilometers per hour，“near”需变为副词形式，修饰数量，表示“将近、大约”。 5．句意：当地政府帮助家庭为即将到来的灾难做好充分准备。“make full”后接名词，固定搭配make full preparations for，表示“为……做好充分准备”。 6．句意：台风来袭时，风猛烈地拍打着窗户和屋顶。时间状语“As the typhoon arrived”（过去时） ，主句动词需用过去式，beat的过去式仍为beat。 7．句意：许多人待在家里隐蔽的角落，比如地下室或内走廊，以保护自己的安全。名词“corners”前面需用形容词修饰，动词hide需变为形容词形式hidden，作定语表示“隐蔽的”。 8．句意：这是该地区过去五十年来最严重的台风。the定冠词，“in the past fifty years” ，形容词bad需用最高级形式，表示“最严重的”。 9．句意：面对灾难，普通人成了英雄。主语“ordinary people”是复数，名词hero需变为复数形式，与主语一致。 10．句意：尽管大自然展现了它可怕的脾气，人类的精神依然坚强。名词“temper”前面需用形容词性物主代词修饰，指代nature的代词it，需变为形容词性物主代词its。 $ Unit 8 Natural disasters 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 灾难；灾害 adj. 沿海的 n. 地震 v. & n. 损害；毁坏 n. 台风 adj. 原子能的；核能的 n. 野火 n. 爆炸 adj. 力量大的 n. 放射线；放射性 n. 物体；目标；宾语 v. 反对 v. 突出；强调 n. 最精彩的部分 adv. 在室内 n. 一连串（人或事）；链子 v. 关闭；（使）关门 adj. 关闭；停业 prep. 每；每一 n. 闪电 n. 数量；数额 n. 官方；权力 v. & n. 漫出 v. 建议；劝告 v. 破坏；消灭 n. 喉咙；咽喉 n. 军队；士兵；连队 n. 肺 adv. 成功地 v. 发生；出现 n. 草原；草地 adv. 在任何时候 adv. 严重地；非常 n. 生存；幸存 adj. 真实的；实在的 adj. 次生的 n. 闸门；大门；大门口 n. 滑坡，崩塌 v. 力求达到；目的是；瞄准 n. 目的；目标；瞄准 n. 破坏；毁灭 n. 海啸 短语 中文 英文 当涉及某事（或做某事）时 靠边停车 大量的；充足的 密切注意 使崩溃 少于 半小时 解决；处理 采取行动 变凉；冷却 高达 大量的 与……作斗争 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 power n. 权力；影响力；力量—________ adj.力量大的 2 shut v. 关闭；（使）关门 adj. 关闭；停业—（过去式和过 去 分 词）________—（现在 分词）________ 3 advise v. 建议；劝告—________ n. 建议；劝告 4 survive v. 生存；幸存—________n. 生存；幸存 5 second num. 第二（个）的—________ adj.次生的 6 coast n. 海岸—________ adj. 沿海的 7 destroy v. 破坏；消灭—________ n. 破坏；毁灭—________adj.毁灭性的 8 radioactive adj. 有辐射的—________ n.放射线；放射性 9 succeed v. 成功—________ n. 成功；成功的人（或事物）—________ adj. 成功的—________ adv. 成功地 10 aim v.力求达到；目的是n.目的；目标；瞄准—________ adj.没有方向的；无目标的 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1．It’s common sense to call 120 ______ when you find someone in danger. A．give away B．right away C．take away D．stay away 2．—The Nenjiang River system is one of the few unpolluted systems in our country. —It’s amazing! Then more measures should be taken to _______ it. A．recycle B．praise C．protect 3．The Thames Barrier can ________ London ________ floods. A．protect; from B．protect; to C．prevent; from D．prevent; to 4．The Three Gorges Dam is located ________ the Changjiang River. A．in B．on C．at D．to 5．Many countries take ________ ways to stop floods according to their own situation. A．all kind of B．all kinds of C．kind of D．a kinds of 6．He stopped ________ water when he felt thirsty on his way. A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D．drunk 7．________ natural disasters, people should learn to protect themselves first. A．In order to B．In times of C．Because of D．Thanks to 8．Please ________ the table ________a clean cloth before dinner. A．cover; with B．fill; with C．help; with D．provide; with 9．Many unexpected things may happen ________ the same time in our life. A．on B．at C．in D．for 10．The guide ________the tourists far away and told them to keep safe on the mountain. A．shouted about B．shouted to C．shouted with D．shouted for 11．We should ________ the possible secondary disasters after an earthquake, such as fires. A．keep an eye out for B．look forward to C．catch up with D．get along with 12．Which of the following words is a compound word (合成词)? A．Healthy. B．Illness. C．Blackboard. 13．The ________ little girl learned to sit up all by ________. A．11-month-old, herself B．11 months old, herself C．11 months old, her D．11-month-old, her 14．If you are outside, get to an open area as ________ as possible. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 15．Never get into a lift ________ an earthquake. A．during B．after C．before D．since 四、根据汉语提示填空 1．—Guys, you can get into the park from any of the ________ (大门). —Oh, I am going to go through (穿过) this one because it is closer to me than the other ones. 2．It’s said that the famous comedian and actress Jia Ling has ________ (成功地) lost 50kg for a film role. 3．Millie read some books about DIY and ________ (建议) me to attend the lessons. 4．The man says, “￥50 ________ (每) person if you want to go there.” 5．The river ________（溢出）after days of rain, covering some nearby fields. 6．These ________ (士兵) arrived quickly to help people after the flood. 7．We had a picnic on the green ________（草地）and played games with friends. 8．The heavy rain ________ (毁坏) the old bridge, so people can’t use it now. 9．We saw bright ________ (闪电) in the sky during the thunderstorm. 10．Her ________ (目标) is to finish all her homework before dinner. 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 Last summer, I had an unusual experience. A heavy rainfall 1 my hometown. It rained more 2 than it had all year. To begin with, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, the water in the river rose 3 . We immediately 4 prepare for the coming flood. Dad took our first-aid kit. Mom and I took some water, food and warm clothes. Then, we moved to the third floor of our house. From the window, we saw flood water 5 the streets. Many cars were 6 the water. Some houses near the river were flooded, too. The rain was still 7 . But luckily we were 8 . Enough 9 also helped us stay calm. The next morning, the rain stopped. Volunteers arrived by boat to help people 10 . After the flood, the local community worked together to clean the streets and 11 the houses. Some people 12 in the flood, but the government and kind people offered help to them at once. They started to recover (恢复) from the 13 . Now, I know that natural disasters can be terrible, but we shouldn’t be 14 of them. Good preparation and teamwork can help 15 damage from natural disasters. 1．A．hit B．forced C．glued D．blew 2．A．heavily B．often C．strongly D．brightly 3．A．slowly B．suddenly C．clearly D．usually 4．A．took action to B．paid attention to C．looked forward to D．hung on to 5．A．keeping off B．fighting against C．sweeping through D．turning to 6．A．short of B．stuck in C．rich in D．full of 7．A．breaking down B．getting down C．pouring down D．falling down 8．A．safe B．quiet C．terrible D．harmful 9．A．help B．preparation C．energy D．information 10．A．in need B．in public C．in fear D．in order 11．A．repair B．prepare C．volunteer D．sweep 12．A．offered their opinions B．lost their ways C．saved their lives D．lost their homes 13．A．passage B．disaster C．wound D．disease 14．A．scared B．angry C．glad D．surprised 15．A．force B．bleed C．reduce D．burn 6、 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the 1 (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people 2 (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came 3 the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was 4 (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full 5 (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind 6 (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in 7 (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the 8 (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became 9 (hero) . Though nature showed 10 (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $