专题06 阅读表达（河北专用）2026年中考英语二模分类汇编

**基本信息** 该试卷为初中英语二模阅读表达试题汇编，精选19篇来自河北各地市二模的阅读材料，涵盖科技前沿（AI教育、机器人鱼）、社会热点（食物浪费、志愿服务）、文化传承（剪纸、马的成语）等主题，通过细节理解与开放表达结合的题型，考查学生语言应用与思维能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读表达|95题|细节查找（如“机器人鱼材质”）、推理概括（如“AI教育担忧”）、开放创新（如“个人节约食物建议”）|情境贴近学生生活，如拖延症、数字足迹；问题设计梯度分明，前4题基础巩固，第5题创新应用，适配中考命题趋势|

专题06阅读表达 Passage 1 （2026·河北邯郸市部分学校·二模） Do you often put off your homework until the last minute? If so, you might be a procrastinator. Procrastination (拖延症)is a common problem for many students. It means putting off tasks that need to be done until later, even though you know it might cause trouble. So why do students procrastinate? Some tasks are too difficult, so students avoid them. Also, there are many distractions (分散注意力的事物)around them, like smartphones and social media, which make it easy to waste time. According to a recent study, students who don’t do their work on time often feel more stressed (紧张的) and worried. It causes them to have worse sleep quality and poor health. What’s more, when everything is left until the last minute, students have to work in a hurry. This often results in more mistakes and lower grades on average. Luckily, there are ways to fight procrastination. Experts suggest breaking down big tasks into smaller steps. This makes the work seem less scary and easier to start. You can set a clear deadline (截止期限)for each step. After you finish it, give yourself a small reward (奖励)—this can also help. Another useful tip is to create a study environment that is free from distractions. For example, you can turn off your phone or reduce screen time while studying. Besides, when your mind is fresh, you should do the most challenging task first. By learning to manage time and tasks well, students can overcome procrastination. This will not only lead to better grades but also reduce stress and create more free time for hobbies and relaxation. 1．What are the distractions mentioned in Paragraph 2? 2．How do students who don’t do their work on time often feel? 3．What do experts advise us to do with big tasks? 4．What should we do when our minds are fresh? 5．Give another tip to help us stop procrastination. (Your answer should be different from the tips in the text.) Passage2 （2026·河北保定市部分学校·二模） Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way we learn and take tests at school. This brings both good things and new problems. Tests are a very important part of learning. In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade. But now, many teachers believe tests should also help students learn during the whole process (过程), not just at the end. With AI tools, we have a chance to redesign tests to make them more personalized and useful for each student. For example, AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback (反馈) right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level. This way, you can learn more easily and in a way that’s right for you. However, some people are worried that some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. That’s because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. So how can we use AI wisely in education? Two ideas can help us. The first is the Zone of Proximal Development (最近发展区). This means the difference between what students can do alone and what they can do with help. AI can act as a helper or a teacher, giving support when students face difficult tasks. But if students just let AI do the work, they won’t really learn. The second idea is Assessment (评估) for Learning. This means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. AI can support this by giving feedback and helping students see how they are doing. In short, AI offers great tools for learning, but we must use them in the right way. 6．What were tests mostly used for in the past? 7．How can AI tools make tests more personalized and useful? 8．What are people worried about when it comes to using AI in education? 9．What does the “Assessment for learning” mean? 10．Will you use AI to help you study? Why or why not? Passage 3 （2026·河北河北唐山市玉田县·二模） Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way we learn and take tests at school. This brings both good things and new problems. Tests are a very important part of learning. In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade. But now, many teachers believe tests should also help students learn during the whole process (过程), not just at the end. With AI tools, we have a chance to redesign tests to make them more personalized and useful for each student. For example, AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback (反馈) right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level. This way, you can learn more easily and in a way that’s right for you. However, some people are worried that some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. That’s because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. So how can we use AI wisely in education? Two ideas can help us. The first is the Zone of Proximal Development (最近发展区). This means the difference between what students can do alone and what they can do with help. AI can act as a helper or a teacher. It gives support when students face difficult tasks. But if students just let AI do the work, they won’t really learn. The second idea is Assessment (评估) for Learning. This means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. AI can support this by giving feedback and helping students see how they are doing. In short, AI offers great tools for learning, but we must use them in the right way. 11．What were tests mostly used to do in the past? 12．How can AI make tests more personalized and useful? (Write one way) 13．Why are people worried about students using AI too much? 14．What role can AI play according to the Zone of Proximal Development? 15．Will you use AI to help you study? Why or why not? Passage4 （2026·河北唐山市丰南市小集镇辉坨中学·二模） A team of Chinese scientists has developed a robot fish. It can clear away microplastic particles (塑料微粒) from water environments. The robot fish are about 1.3cm long. They are made of a soft chemical mixture. The robots are built to take in microplastic particles, which are smaller than 5mm. Microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments, and the microplastic particles come from the breakdown (分解) of plastic products and industrial waste.     When lit by a bright light, the robot fish can move its tail from side to side. Using the light, scientists can control the robot fish to swim and avoid hitting other fish or ships. It can swim up to 2.76 body lengths (长度) per second. This is faster than most similar robots. Wang Yuyan is a member of the research team. She says that the small, lightweight robot is being used to collect microplastics for research purposes now. But Wang adds that the team plans to increase that use so the robot fish can clear away much more microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The robot fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when it is broken. And if it is eaten by a real fish by chance, it can be broken down safely.     Wang says similar robots can be developed to be placed inside the human body to treat certain diseases. 16．What can a robot fish do? 17．What are the robot fish made of? 18．How do scientists control the robot fish to avoid hitting other fish? 19．What will happen if the robot fish is eaten by a real fish?     20．Do you think the robot fish is useful? Why? Passage 5 （2026·河北唐山市滦州市·二模） At Da’an Town Middle School in Tangshan, Hebei province, the paper-cutting club is popular among students. Set up in 2017, the club now has around 80 members, mostly 7th and 8th graders. Each week, it hosts activities where students can explore the fun of the folk art. Yang Hua, one of the club’s teachers, noted that students are interested in cutting different kinds of designs which include animals, plants, events and Chinese characters. With the help from the school’s art teachers, it usually takes one to two hours for them to complete a piece. Unlike folding (折) paper and using scissors to cut, the club encourages students to use knives to carve out patterns (雕刻出图案). This method is simpler but can also create rich designs. For Liu Anqi, a grade 8 student, her proudest work is called Amazing China. It shows three people proudly celebrating a harvest (丰收). To create this piece, she used both yinke and yangke skills. “For example, I used yinke for the national flag and sunflowers to keep the background color, while yangke was used to carve out the people and the shining light,” she explained. Cai Yanbo, Liu’s classmate, shared his favorite paper piece, featuring a panda walking among flowers and bamboo. He also used both yinke and yangke skills. “I faced many challenges during the process. It was difficult to control the knife. At first, I used too much force and cut through the connecting parts. But after trying a few more times, I finally succeeded. I gave the piece to my friend, and he beautified his room with it. This made me really happy.” “Besides learning about folk art, we also hope students can improve their hands-on abilities and observational (观察的) skills through the activities,” added Yang. 21．When was the paper-cutting club set up? 22．What kinds of designs are the students interested in? 23．What paper-cutting skills are used in the two students’ works? 24．Why did Cai Yanbo think there were many challenges during the process? 25．If you are a member of the paper-cutting club, what can you learn? (答案需与文中不同) Passage 6 （2026·河北邯郸市馆陶县·二模） With the rapid development of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important part of our daily lives. It provides many useful tools that help students with their studies in different ways, such as language practice, problem-solving tips and making study plans. Middle school students can use AI properly to improve their learning. For example, AI apps can give timely feedback (及时反馈) on listening and speaking, making language learning more fun and interactive. When they meet hard math or science problems, AI tools can explain solutions step by step and offer similar exercises for more practice. They can also ask AI to make personal study plans based on their weak points, which helps save time and learn better. However, there are some important things to remember. First, don’t depend too much on AI. Try to think on your own instead of copying answers directly, because independent thinking is the key to improving study skills. Second, stick to teacher-recommended or education-focused AI platforms for safe and correct learning content, and stay away from harmful online information that wastes time and spreads mistakes. What’s more, set a clear daily time limit for using AI tools to avoid too much screen time, which is also good for the eyes and overall health. Besides, check AI-generated (AI生成的) answers with textbooks or teachers, since AI sometimes makes mistakes due to incomplete data (数据). Correct wrong answers at once and discuss the right solutions with teachers or classmates. Last but not least, always remember that AI is just a helpful tool. Your own hard work and active thinking are the real secrets to good grades and progress. 26．What has become an important part of daily life? 27．Why is language learning more fun with AI? 28．How do AI tools help with hard math problems? 29．How many important things should students remember when using AI? 30．As a middle school student, what’s your opinion on using AI to help learning? Passage7 （2026·河北邯郸市部分学校·二模） In many countries of the world, people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish because it really makes us worried. We don’t want our world to become a big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002, Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It helps the environment by recycling useful things. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important solutions to the problem of rubbish. For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags. These small actions help reduce rubbish. 31．What did the Irish government do to reduce plastic bags? 32．Why did the people of Zanzibar stop making plastic bags? 33．How does Freecycle help protect the environment? 34．What is one example of using less or reusing things in the passage? 35．What can we do to reduce waste in our daily life? (答案须与文中例子不同) Passage 8 （2026·河北唐山市丰南区·二模） Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back. You’ll feel proud that you are volunteering your time. What makes a good volunteer?         Teamwork makes the dream work. Working well with others is one of the key qualities that makes a good volunteer. The best volunteers always work comfortably in ever-changing teams with people from all walks of life. They can take on both the leader and the follower roles in teamwork at different times. Patience is also one of the most important qualities of a good volunteer, because most charities and organizations may not always move as quickly as expected. It’s important to find volunteers who are willing to be patient and stick to something. Many volunteer roles are physically and mentally exhausting (身心俱疲的), so make sure your team is full of energy. Certain roles will be more physical than others. It is important to tell the volunteers that. Don’t forget that one of the surprising benefits of volunteering is the great advantage it has for physical and mental health. Volunteers must step out of their comfort zone (舒适区) as they learn new skills and face new challenges. They may also be volunteering with vulnerable (脆弱的) members of the community who have experienced a difficult situation. Therefore, it is important to find volunteers who are able to stay positive and remain focused on the task at hand. A positive volunteer will have a good influence on your team. 36．What roles can volunteers take on in teamwork at different times? 37．Why is patience important for volunteers? 38．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 4? 39．What qualities do volunteers need if they help the vulnerable members in the community? 40．Would you like to be a volunteer? Why or why not? Passage9 （2026·河北张家口市·二模） Rebecca Young, now age 13, designed a solar-powered blanket (太阳能毯) and won first prize among 70,000 students in the UK Primary Engineer competition. Where did you get the idea? When I would go outside in the winter months, I always saw homeless people with very little to stay warm. It always made me so sad. I wanted to come up with something that could help them. How does your invention work? My solar-powered blanket takes sunlight during the day and stores it into a battery (电池) . At night, the blanket uses the energy it saved. It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot. How did you bring your idea to life? I did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks and then created a drawing for the competition. After I won, the engineers actually built a real model of my idea. It uses copper wires (铜线) to make the blankets warm, and solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun. I made something that might one day help a person on the street. That thought is amazing to me. Why do you love science? Science is great because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. I want kids to know: if they can dream it, they can make it real. Nothing is impossible! 41．How did Rebecca feel when she saw homeless people with very little to stay warm? 42．When will the solar-powered blanket turn itself off? 43．What did Rebecca do before she created a drawing for the competition? 44．Why does Rebecca love science? 45．What can you learn from Rebecca’s story? Passage10 （2026·河北保定市·二模） Many actions have been taken to fight against food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology. Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini programme called Clear Your Plate. After a meal, users can open the mini-programme and take a picture of their empty plates. And then, users can collect points and use them to buy gifts or meals given away to children in poor areas. Liu and his team started the “Clear Your Plate” campaign (行动) in November for the fifth year. Over 1,017 universities all over the country joined in it. The one-month campaign interested almost 1.6 million people and reduced food waste by 862 tons, China Youth Daily reported. “Technological innovation (创新) is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2019. The AI had problems in identifying (识别) photos of empty plates, so the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples (样本) in restaurants. The mini-programme was put in use on Oct. 16th, 2020, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year. Now, the mini programme has more than 5 million users. “We hope our efforts can start a new idea among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving food.” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to offer Chinese wisdom to solve global food problems.” he added. 46．What is the name of Liu Jichen’s WeChat mini-programme? 47．How do users get points on this mini-programme? 48．How long does the campaign last each year? 49．Why did the team collect samples in restaurants? 50．What do you think of this campaign? How can you save food in your daily life? Passage10 （2026·河北唐山市迁安市·二模） On April 19, 2026, a very special sports event took place in Beijing. It was a 21-kilometer half-marathon (马拉松), but the runners were not all humans. Over 100 humanoid (类人的) robots joined about 12,000 human runners on the same course. It’s the world’s second robot half-marathon. The first was held on the same day in Beijing in 2025. The difference from the 2025 race was huge. In 2025, only 20 teams took part, and just six robots managed to finish the race. Many robots fell down or broke down on the way, and some people joked it looked more like a “baby walking competition” than a real marathon. This year, however, everything changed. In total, 47 robots completed the full race successfully. The winner was a robot called “Lightning”. It finished the race in just 50 minutes and 26 seconds—even faster than the human world record! What’s more, compared with the 2025 winning time, “Lightning” was nearly two hours faster! Another big change was that many robots became smarter. 40% of the robots could “see” the road and make their own decisions without any human control. Why hold such a race? Organizers say running 21 kilometers outdoors tests many important skills at once—movement control, battery (电池) life, and the ability to deal with different road conditions. These are exactly the skills robots need to be truly useful in the real world. Finishing the race is not the end. It’s the start for the growth of the robot industry. 51．What did some people joke the 2025 race was like? 52．How much faster was the 2026 winner than the 2025 winner? 53．What could 40% of the robots do this year? 54．Why was the race held? 55．If you are a robot designer, what ability will you give your robot? Passage 11 （2026·河北唐山市路南区·二模） People are always changing. Many people have changed a lot. They change themselves because of different reasons. Let’s see the following people talking about their changes. Dave: When I was in primary school, I used to be crazy about eating junk food, so I was very heavy. Then one day I realized I should change myself, so I exercised more and gave up junk food. Now I’ve got thinner and healthier. Lucy: In the past, I used to spend all of my pocket money on snacks and beautiful clothes. About two years ago, a TV show about poor kids impressed me. I decided to do something good with my money. Now I’m used to giving away most of my pocket money to charity (慈善机构). Eric: I used to be afraid to talk to anyone else. My parents were worried about me a lot. Then one day I read a book named 30 Days—change your habits, change your life. Since then, I’ve tried to express myself to others. I’ve become more outgoing. Mary: I used to hate P.E. and was often absent from P.E. lessons. Later, my P.E. teacher Mr. Li advised me to do more sports to keep fit and train my mind. I thought he might be right and I fell in love with sports. Now I look forward to P.E. lessons and I can play soccer very well. 56．Why was Dave too heavy when he was in primary school? 57．What has changed Lucy’s way of spending pocket money? 58．How has Eric changed since he read 30 Days— change your habits, change your life? 59．What did Mr. Li advise Mary to do? 60．Write about one of your changes with “used to”. Passage 1 （2026·河北唐山市开平区·二模） Do you think AI’s answers are always correct? The answer is “No”. Sometimes its answers may seem correct while they are actually wrong. Scientists call this “AI hallucination (幻觉)”. Why does AI hallucinate? Scientists have found several reasons. First, the information AI learns from may be wrong. Think of the internet as a huge library. AI learns by reading the “books” in it. Some of these “books” have mistakes, and AI copies them without knowing they are wrong. Second, AI tries to guess when it doesn’t know the answer for sure. AI finds patterns in things and uses them to make guesses. However, for some questions, guessing is not possible. For example, in a class of 50 students, knowing the birthdays of 49 students does not help you guess the last one’s birthday. AI faces the same problem—some things cannot be known by guessing. Third, AI developers don’t teach AI to say “I don’t know”. Why not? Because they worry fewer people will turn to AI for help if it often says “I don’t know”. Then how do they train AI? They give AI rewards (奖励) for giving an answer—even a wrong one, but no reward for saying “I don’t know”. That’s why AI would rather make up an answer than admit (承认) it doesn’t know. Remember: AI is a useful tool, but it is not always right. So what can we do? Think about the three reasons above. You may find the answer. 61．What is “AI hallucination”? 62．Why are AI’s answers sometimes wrong according to paragraph 3? 63．What does AI do when it doesn’t know the answer for sure? 64．How do AI developers train AI not to say “I don’t know.”? 65．AI’s answers are not always correct. What should we do to deal with this problem? Passage 2 （2026·河北唐山市开平区·二模） A 22-year-old British student has invented a mobile fridge that could save millions of lives across the world. Will Broadway’s “Isobar” is designed to keep vaccines (疫苗) at the ideal temperature. And Will doesn’t plan to make money from his creation. His purpose is to get vaccines to people who need them, which is why he won’t be trying to get a patent (专利). Will’s Isobar has won him the James Dyson Award that challenges young people to “design something that solves a problem”. Present methods of transporting vaccines can lead to the vaccines freezing (冻住) before reaching their places in developing countries, but the Isobar keeps a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees for 30 days. Will’s invention is expected to save 1.5 million people across the world, a number he says is “amazing”. Having now finished college education, he is making an effort to take the Isobar into production. “I would be hands-on, all the way through it, knowing that it works,” he says. “It’s amazing to just give it a go, even in my back yard, and see the potential (潜能) of the technology.” The product has been designed to transport vaccines, but already Will sees the possibility of other medical uses in the developing world and beyond. “You can also use it to transport blood donations, organs (器官) if they get trapped (被卡住) in traffic.” 66．Why is Will’s “Isobar” designed? 67．How long can “Isobar” keep a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees? 68．How many people is “Isobar” expected to save? 69．What uses does “Isobar” have? (写出一种即可) 70．What do you think of “Isobar”? Passage3 （2026·河北省衡水市桃城区·二模） Reducing Food Waste in Schools Food waste is a common problem in many schools. A survey showed that daily food waste in a middle school’s restaurant could meet the lunch needs of 200 students. Many students don’t realize food waste harms not only the environment but also our society. The way food is served can cause waste. For example, large portions (份) or too many choices make students take more food than they can eat. There are many things that schools can do to solve the problem. Schools can do a survey to find out which foods are wasted most: Workers can divide the waste into different kinds, weigh it and keep a record. Then, schools can reduce food waste by changing how they cook and serve food according to the survey results. For example, if the main cause of food waste is large portions, they can let students choose their own food instead of giving them a heavily laden tray (装得满满的盘子). Teaching students how to avoid food waste also helps. Schools can encourage students to form groups to plan activities like Cleaning Your Plate. Schools can also use apps or computer programs to encourage more students to join in and take action. Don’t forget to praise students who do well because it helps them stay excited and keep going. At last, recycle the food waste rather than simply throwing it away. The food that is left over can be managed more wisely. Collect it and give it away to local food banks or take part in composting (堆肥) programs that turn food waste into fertilizer (肥料) for school gardens. 71．What is food waste harmful to? 72．What can schools do to find out which foods are wasted most? 73．How can schools reduce food waste if the main cause is large portions? 74．Why should schools praise students who do well? 75．What will you do to help cut down on food waste at your school? Passage4 （2026·河北省沧州市任丘市区·二模） You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings offer a chance for us to learn about Chinese culture and ancient wisdom. “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It is used to describe someone with amazing talent. The idiom comes from a certain legendary (传奇的) horse which could run 1,000 miles in a single day. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning to this idea. Although talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders who can discover talent (“good riders”) are uncommon. This saying tells why good riders are important—they believe in you and can give you chances. “Ride a donkey while looking for a horse” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical people who never stop improving themselves. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with experience. Experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows that Chinese people respect the elders and their wisdom. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over substance (实质). No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never gallop (驰骋). Similarly, beautiful promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese people to value practical results over empty words. These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people observed (观察) horses’ strength, speed, and intelligence, turning these observations into lessons about humanity, nature and success. 76．What is “A horse that covers a thousand miles” used to describe? 77．Tom is a student who always keeps improving himself, which idiom can be used to describe him according to the text? 78．Why is a good rider important? 79．What does the idiom “A painted horse won’t run” teach us? 80．There are many idioms in English. Which English idiom do you like and what does it tell us? Passage5 （2026·河北省唐山市·二模） As the seasons change around the world, many animals begin to migrate (迁徙). Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another. They usually do this in search of food, better weather, or a more suitable environment. Their journeys often happen seasonally, and many animals return to their starting points after a period of time. One of the main reasons for migration is the search for food. Some animals migrate during dry seasons to look for fresh grass to eat and water to drink. Others migrate to get away from difficult weather conditions. For example, around 50 kinds of birds leave the UK each winter to avoid the cold. But how do animals know when it is time to begin their journey? For those migrating in search of food, a shortage of food can be a sign to migrate. Other animals can sense the coming of winter by noticing shorter days. Changes in temperature can also serve as a sign that it is time to migrate. How do animals know where to go? Though animals don’t have maps, they use different skills to find their direction. Some use the stars and the sun, much like what early humans did, while others depend on rivers and mountains. Some animals can even use their sense of smell to help them find their way. In a way, humans also migrate, although our migration is usually not seasonal. People may leave their hometowns for study or work, but often return during holidays, key festivals, or important family matters. For example, nearly all Chinese people travel back to their hometowns to celebrate the Spring Festival. 81．What is migration? 82．Why do around 50 kinds of birds leave the UK each winter? 83．How can some animals sense the coming of winter? 84．What can animals use to help them find their way? (写出一种答案即可) 85．Do you think human migration is similar to or different from animal migration? Why do you think so? Passage 6 （2026·河北省邯郸市初中学·二模） There is a public service project called “food banks” in Shenzhen. It uses smart technology to help people who need food and cut down food waste. The food banks are actually refrigerated vending (冷藏自动售货机) machines in communities. Local businesses donate some fresh food. They are close to going bad but still safe to eat. Volunteers check and choose the food carefully. Then they put them into the machines. To keep the food safe, they always make the temperature in the machines below 10℃. The project gives first chance to people who need help most. People from poor families, elderly people living alone and street cleaners can book food through the “iShenzhen” app before 8:00 pm. After 8:00 pm, any of the rest food is open to all people in the city. This rule makes sure no food is wasted at the end of each day. The project also protects people’s self-respect. People can get help without face-to-face communication. Since the project started on May 31, 2022, it has given out about 500, 000 meals. It has saved 195 tons of food from being thrown away and reduced pollution by 390 tons. Local people support the project. One father said he took his daughter to get bread from the food bank. “This is a good way to teach her not to waste food and to live a healthy life,” he said. Shenzhen’s food banks show how kindness and technology can work together. You can also donate fresh food to the food bank. Everyone can play a part in building a kinder and cleaner city. 86．What does the project use to cut down food waste? 87．What do the volunteers do to keep the food safe? 88．Who can book food through the app before 8:00 pm? (Give at least two answers.) 89．Why does the father support the project? 90．What could you do to help the project? (Your answer should be different from the underlined one in the passage.) Passage 7 （2026·河北省远航学校扬帆·二模） Have you ever heard of a “digital footprint”? It is the record of your activities online. Every time you visit a website, post on social media, or even search for something online, you are adding to your digital footprint. This footprint can be used in both positive and negative (消极的) ways. On the positive side, it can help companies recommend (推荐) products you might like. However, there are risks too. Once information is online, it can be difficult to remove (消除). Something you post as a joke today might be seen by someone else years later and misunderstood. Also, if you share too much personal information, like your address or ID card number, it could be used by criminals (罪犯) to do terrible things. So, how can you manage your digital footprint? ●Think before you post. Ask yourself, “Would I be okay with my teachers or parents seeing this?” ●Check your privacy settings on social media. Make sure only your friends can see your personal posts. ●You must keep your passwords (密码) only to yourself. Don’t tell anyone and don’t store them on your computer. People can use your passwords to enter websites that you use and find information about you. ●Only share your information on safe websites. It is dangerous to share information on unsafe websites. Your digital footprint is like your shadow in the online world. It’s important to learn how to control it so that it doesn’t cause you trouble in the future. 91．What is a digital footprint? 92．Give a positive example of a digital footprint mentioned in the text. 93．What may happen if you share too much personal information online? 94．What’s the writer’s last piece of advice for managing the digital footprint? 95．Do you think teenagers should meet online friends in person? Why? / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06阅读表达 Passage 1 【答案】1．Smartphones and social media. 2．They often feel more stressed and worried. 3．Break down big tasks into smaller steps. 4．We should do the most challenging task first. 5．We can ask our parents or friends to remind us to finish tasks on time./We can make a daily study plan and stick to it. Passage2 【答案】6．They were mostly used to give students a final grade./Giving students a final grade. 7．AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level./By helping grade papers quickly, giving feedback right away, and creating questions that fit each student’s level. 8．Some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. 9．It means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. 10．Yes. Because AI can explain difficult knowledge clearly. It makes learning easier and more interesting./No. If I always use AI, I may become lazy and stop thinking on my own. I prefer to solve problems by myself to improve my skills. Passage 3 【答案】11．They were mostly used to give students a final grade. 12．It can help grade papers quickly. 13．Because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. 14．A helper or a teacher. 15．Yes, I will. Because it can help me learn more easily. Passage4 【答案】16．It can clear away microplastic particles from water environments. 17．A soft chemical mixture. 18．By using the light. 19．It can be broken down safely. 20．Yes, I think so. Because it can help clear away microplastic waste.Yes, I think it is very useful. Because it is a creative and eco-friendly invention./... Passage 5 【答案】21．In 2017. 22．Animals, plants, events and Chinese characters. 23．Yinke and yangke skills. 24．Because it was difficult to control the knife. 25．I can learn patience. Passage 6 【答案】26．Artificial intelligence (AI). 27．Because AI apps can give timely feedback on listening and speaking. 28．They explain solutions step by step and offer similar exercises. 29．Five./5. 30．I think AI is helpful but we should use it properly. （答案不唯一） Passage7 【答案】31．The government decided to make people pay for them. 32．Because they were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. 33．By recycling useful things. 34．People can bring their own water bottles. 35．We can sort rubbish. Passage 8 【答案】36．Both the leader and the follower roles. 37．Because most charities and organizations may not always move as quickly as expected. 38．Certain roles will be more physical than others. 39．Being able to stay positive and remain focused on the task at hand. 40．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I’d like to. Because helping others is helping ourselves./No, because as a student, I have little time to do volunteer work. But I would like to be a volunteer if I have a chance in the future. Passage9 【答案】41．Sad./Very sad./She felt sad. 42．When it gets warm enough./When it is warm enough. 43．She did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks. 44．Because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. 45．（示例）If we have a dream, we should try to make it come true./We can use science to help others. Passage10 【答案】46．Clear Your Plate. 47．By taking a picture of their empty plates. 48．One month. 49． Because the AI had problems in identifying photos of empty plates. 50．It is meaningful. I can order less food and finish all the food on my plate. Passage11 【答案】51．A “baby walking competition”. 52．Nearly two hours. 53．They could “see” the road and make their own decisions without any human control. 54．To test skills robots need to be truly useful in the real world. 55．I will give it better battery life. Passage 12 【答案】56．Because he used to be crazy about eating junk food. 57．A TV show about poor kids. 58．He has tried to express himself to others and become more outgoing. 59．He advised her to do more sports to keep fit and train her mind. 60．示例：I used to be afraid of speaking in public, but now I can talk to people confidently. Passage 1 【答案】61．refers to the situation where AI’s answers seem correct but are actually wrong. 62．Because the information AI learns from may be wrong. 63．It tries to guess. 64．They give AI rewards for giving an answer but no reward for saying “I don’t know”. 65．We should think about the three reasons above. Passage 2 【答案】66．(Will Broadway’s “Isobar” is designed) to keep vaccines at the ideal temperature. 67．(For) 30 days. 68．(It is expected to save) the lives of 1.5 million people across the world. 69．(You can also use it) to transport vaccines, blood donations, organs. 70．I think it’s a good invention./I think it’s useful./…(答案不唯一) Passage3 【答案】71．The environment and our society. 72．Do a survey, divide the waste into different kinds, weigh it and keep a record. 73．They can let students choose their own food instead of giving them a heavily laden tray. 74．Because it helps them stay excited and keep going. 75．I will take only the food I can eat and join the Cleaning Your Plate activity. Passage4 【答案】76．Someone with amazing talent. 77．Ride a donkey while looking for a horse. 78．Because they believe in you and can give you chances. 79．To value practical results over empty words. 80．I like the idiom “Failure is the mother of success.” It tells us we can learn something from failure. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【答案】81．Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another. 82．To avoid the cold. 83．By noticing shorter days./By sensing changes in temperature. (任选其一即可) 84．The stars and the sun./Rivers and mountains./Their sense of smell. (任选其一即可) 85．Similar. Because both humans and animals may leave their places and return later. Passage5 【答案】81．Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another. 82．To avoid the cold. 83．By noticing shorter days./By sensing changes in temperature. (任选其一即可) 84．The stars and the sun./Rivers and mountains./Their sense of smell. (任选其一即可) 85．Similar. Because both humans and animals may leave their places and return later. Passage 6 【答案】86．Smart technology. / It uses smart technology to cut down food waste. 87．They make the temperature in the machines below 10℃. 88．People from poor families, elderly people living alone. / People from poor families and street cleaners. / Elderly people living alone and street cleaners. 89．Because it’s a good way to teach his daughter not to waste food and to live a healthy life. 90．I can tell more people about the food bank. / I can volunteer to help check the food. （合理即可） Passage 7 【答案】91．It is the record of your activities online. 92．It can help companies recommend products you might like. 93．It could be used by criminals to do terrible things. 94．Only share your information on safe websites. 95．No, I don’t. Because it may bring danger to us. (合理即可) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06阅读表达 Passage 1 （2026·河北邯郸市部分学校·二模） Do you often put off your homework until the last minute? If so, you might be a procrastinator. Procrastination (拖延症)is a common problem for many students. It means putting off tasks that need to be done until later, even though you know it might cause trouble. So why do students procrastinate? Some tasks are too difficult, so students avoid them. Also, there are many distractions (分散注意力的事物)around them, like smartphones and social media, which make it easy to waste time. According to a recent study, students who don’t do their work on time often feel more stressed (紧张的) and worried. It causes them to have worse sleep quality and poor health. What’s more, when everything is left until the last minute, students have to work in a hurry. This often results in more mistakes and lower grades on average. Luckily, there are ways to fight procrastination. Experts suggest breaking down big tasks into smaller steps. This makes the work seem less scary and easier to start. You can set a clear deadline (截止期限)for each step. After you finish it, give yourself a small reward (奖励)—this can also help. Another useful tip is to create a study environment that is free from distractions. For example, you can turn off your phone or reduce screen time while studying. Besides, when your mind is fresh, you should do the most challenging task first. By learning to manage time and tasks well, students can overcome procrastination. This will not only lead to better grades but also reduce stress and create more free time for hobbies and relaxation. 1．What are the distractions mentioned in Paragraph 2? 2．How do students who don’t do their work on time often feel? 3．What do experts advise us to do with big tasks? 4．What should we do when our minds are fresh? 5．Give another tip to help us stop procrastination. (Your answer should be different from the tips in the text.) 【答案】1．Smartphones and social media. 2．They often feel more stressed and worried. 3．Break down big tasks into smaller steps. 4．We should do the most challenging task first. 5．We can ask our parents or friends to remind us to finish tasks on time./We can make a daily study plan and stick to it. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学生拖延症的定义、产生原因、带来的危害以及克服拖延症的具体建议。 【详解】1．根据文章第2段“Also, there are many distractions around them, like smartphones and social media.”可知文中提到的分散注意力的事物是智能手机和社交媒体，答案是原文直接信息。 2．根据文章第3段“students who don't do their work on time often feel more stressed and worried.”可知这些学生经常感到更焦虑和担忧，这是原文中的直接信息。 3．根据文章第4段“Experts suggest breaking down big tasks into smaller steps.”可知专家建议将大任务分解成小步骤，是原文直接给出的专家建议。 4．根据文章第4段“when your mind is fresh, you should do the most challenging task first.”可知头脑清醒时应先做最具挑战性的任务，答案为原文直接引述。 5．本题为开放性问题，要求提出文中未提及的建议，合理即可。 Passage2 （2026·河北保定市部分学校·二模） Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way we learn and take tests at school. This brings both good things and new problems. Tests are a very important part of learning. In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade. But now, many teachers believe tests should also help students learn during the whole process (过程), not just at the end. With AI tools, we have a chance to redesign tests to make them more personalized and useful for each student. For example, AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback (反馈) right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level. This way, you can learn more easily and in a way that’s right for you. However, some people are worried that some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. That’s because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. So how can we use AI wisely in education? Two ideas can help us. The first is the Zone of Proximal Development (最近发展区). This means the difference between what students can do alone and what they can do with help. AI can act as a helper or a teacher, giving support when students face difficult tasks. But if students just let AI do the work, they won’t really learn. The second idea is Assessment (评估) for Learning. This means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. AI can support this by giving feedback and helping students see how they are doing. In short, AI offers great tools for learning, but we must use them in the right way. 6．What were tests mostly used for in the past? 7．How can AI tools make tests more personalized and useful? 8．What are people worried about when it comes to using AI in education? 9．What does the “Assessment for learning” mean? 10．Will you use AI to help you study? Why or why not? 【答案】6．They were mostly used to give students a final grade./Giving students a final grade. 7．AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level./By helping grade papers quickly, giving feedback right away, and creating questions that fit each student’s level. 8．Some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. 9．It means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. 10．Yes. Because AI can explain difficult knowledge clearly. It makes learning easier and more interesting./No. If I always use AI, I may become lazy and stop thinking on my own. I prefer to solve problems by myself to improve my skills. 【导语】本文介绍人工智能改变校园学习与考试模式，既优化测评助力个性化学习，也催生过度依赖的问题。文章介绍合理运用 AI 的方法，倡导以正确方式借助其辅助学习。 【详解】6．第二段明确提到考试的目的“In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade”，直接提取答案。 7．第三段指出“AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level”，直接回答AI使测试个性化和有用的方式。 8．第四段提到“some people are worried that some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply”，直接引用担忧内容。 9．第五段明确“ The second idea is Assessment (评估) for Learning. This means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades.”，直接回答定义。 10．标题是开放性试题，可结合AI的优势（即时反馈、个性化练习）说明使用原因；或强调不依赖AI，符合文章“合理使用AI”的主题。 Passage 3 （2026·河北河北唐山市玉田县·二模） Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way we learn and take tests at school. This brings both good things and new problems. Tests are a very important part of learning. In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade. But now, many teachers believe tests should also help students learn during the whole process (过程), not just at the end. With AI tools, we have a chance to redesign tests to make them more personalized and useful for each student. For example, AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback (反馈) right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level. This way, you can learn more easily and in a way that’s right for you. However, some people are worried that some students depend on AI too much instead of thinking deeply. That’s because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. So how can we use AI wisely in education? Two ideas can help us. The first is the Zone of Proximal Development (最近发展区). This means the difference between what students can do alone and what they can do with help. AI can act as a helper or a teacher. It gives support when students face difficult tasks. But if students just let AI do the work, they won’t really learn. The second idea is Assessment (评估) for Learning. This means using tests to help students grow and improve, not just to give them grades. AI can support this by giving feedback and helping students see how they are doing. In short, AI offers great tools for learning, but we must use them in the right way. 11．What were tests mostly used to do in the past? 12．How can AI make tests more personalized and useful? (Write one way) 13．Why are people worried about students using AI too much? 14．What role can AI play according to the Zone of Proximal Development? 15．Will you use AI to help you study? Why or why not? 【答案】11．They were mostly used to give students a final grade. 12．It can help grade papers quickly. 13．Because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort. 14．A helper or a teacher. 15．Yes, I will. Because it can help me learn more easily. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能 (AI) 在学校学习和测试中的影响，包括其带来的好处、引发的担忧以及如何明智地使用AI的两个理念。 【详解】11．根据文章第2段“In the past, tests were mostly used to give students a final grade.”可推知过去测试的主要用途。 12．根据文章第3段“AI can help grade papers quickly, give feedback right away, and create questions that fit each student’s level.”可推知AI 使测试更个性化的方式，任选其一即可。 13．根据文章第4段“That’s because AI makes it easier to copy or get answers without effort.”可推知人们担忧的原因。 14．根据文章第5段“AI can act as a helper or a teacher.”可推知在最近发展区理论下AI的角色。 15．本题无固定答案，言之有理即可。结合文章主旨，若选择使用，可提及AI能提供帮助；若选择不使用，可提及需独立思考。参考答案为Yes, I will. Because it can help me learn more easily. Passage4 （2026·河北唐山市丰南市小集镇辉坨中学·二模） A team of Chinese scientists has developed a robot fish. It can clear away microplastic particles (塑料微粒) from water environments. The robot fish are about 1.3cm long. They are made of a soft chemical mixture. The robots are built to take in microplastic particles, which are smaller than 5mm. Microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments, and the microplastic particles come from the breakdown (分解) of plastic products and industrial waste.     When lit by a bright light, the robot fish can move its tail from side to side. Using the light, scientists can control the robot fish to swim and avoid hitting other fish or ships. It can swim up to 2.76 body lengths (长度) per second. This is faster than most similar robots. Wang Yuyan is a member of the research team. She says that the small, lightweight robot is being used to collect microplastics for research purposes now. But Wang adds that the team plans to increase that use so the robot fish can clear away much more microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The robot fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when it is broken. And if it is eaten by a real fish by chance, it can be broken down safely.     Wang says similar robots can be developed to be placed inside the human body to treat certain diseases. 16．What can a robot fish do? 17．What are the robot fish made of? 18．How do scientists control the robot fish to avoid hitting other fish? 19．What will happen if the robot fish is eaten by a real fish?     20．Do you think the robot fish is useful? Why? 【答案】16．It can clear away microplastic particles from water environments. 17．A soft chemical mixture. 18．By using the light. 19．It can be broken down safely. 20．Yes, I think so. Because it can help clear away microplastic waste.Yes, I think it is very useful. Because it is a creative and eco-friendly invention./... 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一组中国科学家开发了一种机器鱼，它可以清除水环境中的塑料微粒。 【详解】16．根据文章第一段中“It can clear away microplastic particles (塑料微粒) from water environments.（它可以清除水环境中的塑料微粒。）”可推知结论，机器鱼能清除水环境中的塑料微粒。故填“It can clear away microplastic particles from water environments.”。 17．根据文章第二段中“They are made of a soft chemical mixture.（它们是由柔软的化学混合物制成的。）”可推知结论，机器鱼的制作材料。故填“A soft chemical mixture.”。 18．根据文章第三段中“Using the light, scientists can control the robot fish to swim and avoid hitting other fish or ships.（利用光线，科学家可以控制机器鱼游泳并避免撞击其他鱼类或船只。）”可推知结论，科学家控制机器鱼的方式。故填“By using the light.”。 19．根据文章第五段中“And if it is eaten by a real fish by chance, it can be broken down safely.（如果它偶然被一条真正的鱼吃了，它可以被安全地分解。）”可推知结论，机器鱼被真鱼吃掉后的后果。故填“It can be broken down safely.”。 20．根据文章主要内容可知机器鱼能清理微塑料污染，对环境有益，属于有用发明。故填“Yes, I think so. Because it can help clear away microplastic waste.Yes, I think it is very useful. Because it is a creative and eco-friendly invention./...”。 Passage 5 （2026·河北唐山市滦州市·二模） At Da’an Town Middle School in Tangshan, Hebei province, the paper-cutting club is popular among students. Set up in 2017, the club now has around 80 members, mostly 7th and 8th graders. Each week, it hosts activities where students can explore the fun of the folk art. Yang Hua, one of the club’s teachers, noted that students are interested in cutting different kinds of designs which include animals, plants, events and Chinese characters. With the help from the school’s art teachers, it usually takes one to two hours for them to complete a piece. Unlike folding (折) paper and using scissors to cut, the club encourages students to use knives to carve out patterns (雕刻出图案). This method is simpler but can also create rich designs. For Liu Anqi, a grade 8 student, her proudest work is called Amazing China. It shows three people proudly celebrating a harvest (丰收). To create this piece, she used both yinke and yangke skills. “For example, I used yinke for the national flag and sunflowers to keep the background color, while yangke was used to carve out the people and the shining light,” she explained. Cai Yanbo, Liu’s classmate, shared his favorite paper piece, featuring a panda walking among flowers and bamboo. He also used both yinke and yangke skills. “I faced many challenges during the process. It was difficult to control the knife. At first, I used too much force and cut through the connecting parts. But after trying a few more times, I finally succeeded. I gave the piece to my friend, and he beautified his room with it. This made me really happy.” “Besides learning about folk art, we also hope students can improve their hands-on abilities and observational (观察的) skills through the activities,” added Yang. 21．When was the paper-cutting club set up? 22．What kinds of designs are the students interested in? 23．What paper-cutting skills are used in the two students’ works? 24．Why did Cai Yanbo think there were many challenges during the process? 25．If you are a member of the paper-cutting club, what can you learn? (答案需与文中不同) 【答案】21．In 2017. 22．Animals, plants, events and Chinese characters. 23．Yinke and yangke skills. 24．Because it was difficult to control the knife. 25．I can learn patience. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了河北省唐山市大安镇中学剪纸社团的成立背景、活动内容、学生作品展示以及参与社团活动带来的收获。 【详解】21．根据文章第一段“Set up in 2017（成立于2017年）”可推知结论该社团成立于2017年。故填In 2017. 22．由第二段“students are interested in cutting different kinds of designs which include animals, plants, events and Chinese characters”可知，学生们对动物、植物、事件和汉字等不同种类的设计感兴趣。 23．从第三段“For Liu Anqi, a grade 8 student, her proudest work is called Amazing China. She used both yinke and yangke skills.”以及第四段“Cai Yanbo, Liu’s classmate, shared his favorite paper-piece. He also used both yinke and yangke skills.”可知，这两个学生的作品都用到了阴刻和阳刻技巧。 24．依据第四段“Cai Yanbo...I faced many challenges during the process. It was difficult to control the knife. At first, I used too much force and cut through the connecting parts.”可知，蔡彦博觉得过程中有很多挑战是因为很难控制刀具，一开始用力过大还切断了连接部分。 25．文中提到老师希望学生提高动手能力和观察力，但根据第四段蔡彦博克服困难的经历“At first, I used too much force... But after trying a few more times, I finally succeeded”可推知结论成员还可以学到耐心。 Passage 6 （2026·河北邯郸市馆陶县·二模） With the rapid development of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important part of our daily lives. It provides many useful tools that help students with their studies in different ways, such as language practice, problem-solving tips and making study plans. Middle school students can use AI properly to improve their learning. For example, AI apps can give timely feedback (及时反馈) on listening and speaking, making language learning more fun and interactive. When they meet hard math or science problems, AI tools can explain solutions step by step and offer similar exercises for more practice. They can also ask AI to make personal study plans based on their weak points, which helps save time and learn better. However, there are some important things to remember. First, don’t depend too much on AI. Try to think on your own instead of copying answers directly, because independent thinking is the key to improving study skills. Second, stick to teacher-recommended or education-focused AI platforms for safe and correct learning content, and stay away from harmful online information that wastes time and spreads mistakes. What’s more, set a clear daily time limit for using AI tools to avoid too much screen time, which is also good for the eyes and overall health. Besides, check AI-generated (AI生成的) answers with textbooks or teachers, since AI sometimes makes mistakes due to incomplete data (数据). Correct wrong answers at once and discuss the right solutions with teachers or classmates. Last but not least, always remember that AI is just a helpful tool. Your own hard work and active thinking are the real secrets to good grades and progress. 26．What has become an important part of daily life? 27．Why is language learning more fun with AI? 28．How do AI tools help with hard math problems? 29．How many important things should students remember when using AI? 30．As a middle school student, what’s your opinion on using AI to help learning? 【答案】26．Artificial intelligence (AI). 27．Because AI apps can give timely feedback on listening and speaking. 28．They explain solutions step by step and offer similar exercises. 29．Five./5. 30．I think AI is helpful but we should use it properly. （答案不唯一） 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能在日常生活中的重要性，特别是在学习中的应用，以及学生使用AI时应注意的几个方面。 【详解】26．根据第一段“artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important part of our daily lives”可知，人工智能已成为日常生活的重要组成部分。 27．根据第二段“AI apps can give timely feedback on listening and speaking”可知，AI应用能对听说提供及时反馈。 28．根据第二段“AI tools can explain solutions step by step and offer similar exercises for more practice”可知，AI工具可以一步步解释解题方法，并提供类似练习。 29．根据第三段，文章提到了“First... Second... What’s more... Besides... Last but not least...”可推知共列出了五点注意事项。 30．根据第三段“AI is just a helpful tool. Your own hard work and active thinking are the real secrets...”可推知我们应视AI为辅助工具，合理使用且不依赖。结合文中建议和个人观点作答，言之成理即可。 Passage7 （2026·河北邯郸市部分学校·二模） In many countries of the world, people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish because it really makes us worried. We don’t want our world to become a big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002, Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It helps the environment by recycling useful things. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important solutions to the problem of rubbish. For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags. These small actions help reduce rubbish. 31．What did the Irish government do to reduce plastic bags? 32．Why did the people of Zanzibar stop making plastic bags? 33．How does Freecycle help protect the environment? 34．What is one example of using less or reusing things in the passage? 35．What can we do to reduce waste in our daily life? (答案须与文中例子不同) 【答案】31．The government decided to make people pay for them. 32．Because they were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. 33．By recycling useful things. 34．People can bring their own water bottles. 35．We can sort rubbish. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了世界各国为减少垃圾和处理垃圾问题所采取的不同措施，包括爱尔兰政府收费、桑给巴尔禁止生产塑料袋以及Freecycle组织的循环利用理念，并提出了个人减少浪费的建议。 【详解】31．原文第二段提到“In Ireland, to reduce plastic bags, the government decided to make people pay for them.”，直接说明了爱尔兰政府减少塑料袋使用的措施，答案是原文直接信息。 32．原文第三段提到“They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals.”，明确了桑给巴尔人民停止生产塑料袋的原因，答案是原文直接信息。 33．原文第四段提到“It helps the environment by recycling useful things.”，直接说明了Freecycle保护环境的方式，答案是原文直接信息。 34．原文第五段提到“For example, people can bring their own water bottles instead of buying plastic ones. They can also reuse old clothes as cleaning rags or shopping bags.”，给出了减少使用或重复利用物品的例子，任选其一即可，答案是原文直接信息。 35．原文第五段介绍了减少浪费的核心方法，可结合日常环保常识作答，表述合理且与文中例子不同即可。 Passage 8 （2026·河北唐山市丰南区·二模） Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back. You’ll feel proud that you are volunteering your time. What makes a good volunteer?         Teamwork makes the dream work. Working well with others is one of the key qualities that makes a good volunteer. The best volunteers always work comfortably in ever-changing teams with people from all walks of life. They can take on both the leader and the follower roles in teamwork at different times. Patience is also one of the most important qualities of a good volunteer, because most charities and organizations may not always move as quickly as expected. It’s important to find volunteers who are willing to be patient and stick to something. Many volunteer roles are physically and mentally exhausting (身心俱疲的), so make sure your team is full of energy. Certain roles will be more physical than others. It is important to tell the volunteers that. Don’t forget that one of the surprising benefits of volunteering is the great advantage it has for physical and mental health. Volunteers must step out of their comfort zone (舒适区) as they learn new skills and face new challenges. They may also be volunteering with vulnerable (脆弱的) members of the community who have experienced a difficult situation. Therefore, it is important to find volunteers who are able to stay positive and remain focused on the task at hand. A positive volunteer will have a good influence on your team. 36．What roles can volunteers take on in teamwork at different times? 37．Why is patience important for volunteers? 38．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 4? 39．What qualities do volunteers need if they help the vulnerable members in the community? 40．Would you like to be a volunteer? Why or why not? 【答案】36．Both the leader and the follower roles. 37．Because most charities and organizations may not always move as quickly as expected. 38．Certain roles will be more physical than others. 39．Being able to stay positive and remain focused on the task at hand. 40．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I’d like to. Because helping others is helping ourselves./No, because as a student, I have little time to do volunteer work. But I would like to be a volunteer if I have a chance in the future. 【来源】河北唐山市丰南区2025-2026学年九年级英语第二学期测试卷二B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了成为一名优秀志愿者所需具备的关键品质，如团队协作、耐心、体力准备及积极专注的态度。 【详解】36．第二段明确说明“They can take on both the leader and the follower roles in teamwork at different times.”，因此答案是原文直接提取的信息。 37．第三段直接给出了原因：“Patience is also one of the most important qualities of a good volunteer, because most charities and organizations may not always move as quickly as expected.”，答案是原文直接引述的内容。 38．第四段中，“Certain roles will be more physical than others. It is important to tell the volunteers that.”的指代对象是前一句提到的内容，即“Certain roles will be more physical than others”，答案是对原文前句信息的直接指代。 39．第五段明确指出“Therefore, it is important to find volunteers who are able to stay positive and remain focused on the task at hand.”，答案是原文直接提取的志愿者需具备的品质。 40．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需结合文章主旨和自身情况作答。结合文中提到的志愿活动的意义 (如回馈社区、提升身心健康等)，可以给出合理的理由；也可以结合学生身份说明暂时无法参与的原因，态度积极合理即可。 Passage9 （2026·河北张家口市·二模） Rebecca Young, now age 13, designed a solar-powered blanket (太阳能毯) and won first prize among 70,000 students in the UK Primary Engineer competition. Where did you get the idea? When I would go outside in the winter months, I always saw homeless people with very little to stay warm. It always made me so sad. I wanted to come up with something that could help them. How does your invention work? My solar-powered blanket takes sunlight during the day and stores it into a battery (电池) . At night, the blanket uses the energy it saved. It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot. How did you bring your idea to life? I did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks and then created a drawing for the competition. After I won, the engineers actually built a real model of my idea. It uses copper wires (铜线) to make the blankets warm, and solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun. I made something that might one day help a person on the street. That thought is amazing to me. Why do you love science? Science is great because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. I want kids to know: if they can dream it, they can make it real. Nothing is impossible! 41．How did Rebecca feel when she saw homeless people with very little to stay warm? 42．When will the solar-powered blanket turn itself off? 43．What did Rebecca do before she created a drawing for the competition? 44．Why does Rebecca love science? 45．What can you learn from Rebecca’s story? 【答案】41．Sad./Very sad./She felt sad. 42．When it gets warm enough./When it is warm enough. 43．She did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks. 44．Because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. 45．（示例）If we have a dream, we should try to make it come true./We can use science to help others. 【导语】本文主要是13岁的英国女孩Rebecca Young分享了自己发明太阳能毯帮助无家可归者的灵感来源、工作原理、实现过程以及她对科学的热爱。 【详解】41．第二段“Where did you get the idea?”。直接提取原文句子“It always made me so sad.”，得出答案。 42．第三段“How does your invention work?”。直接提取原文句子“It turns off when it gets warm enough”，得出答案。 43．第四段“How did you bring your idea to life?”。直接提取原文句子“I did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks and then created a drawing”，得出答案。 44．第五段“Why do you love science?”。直接提取原文句子“Science is great because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things.”，得出答案。 45．属于开放观点题。结合文中关键事实：她因同情无家可归者而发明太阳能毯、她相信“if they can dream it, they can make it real”，可概括为We can use science to help others/If we have a dream, we should work hard to make it come true. Passage10 （2026·河北保定市·二模） Many actions have been taken to fight against food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology. Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini programme called Clear Your Plate. After a meal, users can open the mini-programme and take a picture of their empty plates. And then, users can collect points and use them to buy gifts or meals given away to children in poor areas. Liu and his team started the “Clear Your Plate” campaign (行动) in November for the fifth year. Over 1,017 universities all over the country joined in it. The one-month campaign interested almost 1.6 million people and reduced food waste by 862 tons, China Youth Daily reported. “Technological innovation (创新) is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2019. The AI had problems in identifying (识别) photos of empty plates, so the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples (样本) in restaurants. The mini-programme was put in use on Oct. 16th, 2020, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year. Now, the mini programme has more than 5 million users. “We hope our efforts can start a new idea among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving food.” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to offer Chinese wisdom to solve global food problems.” he added. 46．What is the name of Liu Jichen’s WeChat mini-programme? 47．How do users get points on this mini-programme? 48．How long does the campaign last each year? 49．Why did the team collect samples in restaurants? 50．What do you think of this campaign? How can you save food in your daily life? 【答案】46．Clear Your Plate. 47．By taking a picture of their empty plates. 48．One month. 49． Because the AI had problems in identifying photos of empty plates. 50．It is meaningful. I can order less food and finish all the food on my plate. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了清华大学学生刘济琛开发“光盘打卡”微信小程序，利用科技创新鼓励人们节约粮食、减少浪费的故事。 【详解】46．文章第二段明确指出“Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini programme called Clear Your Plate.”这是原文中的具体小程序名称，直接提取。 47．文章第二段明确指出“After a meal, users can open the…users can collect points.”答案为原文信息，直接提取，并在句首用By加动词现在分词表示通过某种方式。 48．文章第三段明确指出“The one-month campaign interested…China Youth Daily reported..”这是原文中的具体时间，直接提取。 49．文章第四段明确给出团队收集餐馆样品的原因“The AI had problems in…over 100,000 samples.”答案为原文信息，直接提取，并在句首用Because引导原因状语从句。 50．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文章事实。结合文章内容和自己对文中行动的看法以及在日常生活中如何节约食物，合理作答即可。文章最后一段指出“We hope our efforts can…develop the habit of saving food.” 活动旨在倡导节约，鼓励年轻人珍惜食物，说明这个行动是非常有意义的，在日常生活中我们应该不浪费食物，吃完每餐的食物。可填It is meaningful. I can order less food and finish all the food on my plate. Passage11 （2026·河北唐山市迁安市·二模） On April 19, 2026, a very special sports event took place in Beijing. It was a 21-kilometer half-marathon (马拉松), but the runners were not all humans. Over 100 humanoid (类人的) robots joined about 12,000 human runners on the same course. It’s the world’s second robot half-marathon. The first was held on the same day in Beijing in 2025. The difference from the 2025 race was huge. In 2025, only 20 teams took part, and just six robots managed to finish the race. Many robots fell down or broke down on the way, and some people joked it looked more like a “baby walking competition” than a real marathon. This year, however, everything changed. In total, 47 robots completed the full race successfully. The winner was a robot called “Lightning”. It finished the race in just 50 minutes and 26 seconds—even faster than the human world record! What’s more, compared with the 2025 winning time, “Lightning” was nearly two hours faster! Another big change was that many robots became smarter. 40% of the robots could “see” the road and make their own decisions without any human control. Why hold such a race? Organizers say running 21 kilometers outdoors tests many important skills at once—movement control, battery (电池) life, and the ability to deal with different road conditions. These are exactly the skills robots need to be truly useful in the real world. Finishing the race is not the end. It’s the start for the growth of the robot industry. 51．What did some people joke the 2025 race was like? 52．How much faster was the 2026 winner than the 2025 winner? 53．What could 40% of the robots do this year? 54．Why was the race held? 55．If you are a robot designer, what ability will you give your robot? 【答案】51．A “baby walking competition”. 52．Nearly two hours. 53．They could “see” the road and make their own decisions without any human control. 54．To test skills robots need to be truly useful in the real world. 55．I will give it better battery life. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了2026年4月19日在北京举行的第二届机器人半程马拉松比赛，对比了2025年的比赛情况，介绍了机器人的进步、智能化提升以及举办比赛的目的。 【详解】51．根据文章第二段中“some people joked it looked more like a ‘baby walking competition’ than a real marathon（有些人开玩笑说它看起来更像是一场‘婴儿走路比赛’，而不是真正的马拉松）”可推知结论，2025年的比赛被戏称为婴儿走路比赛。 52．根据文章第三段中“compared with the 2025 winning time, ‘Lightning’ was nearly two hours faster（与2025年的获胜时间相比，‘闪电’快了将近两个小时）”可推知结论，2026年冠军比2025年快了将近两小时。 53．根据文章第四段中“40% of the robots could ‘see’ the road and make their own decisions without any human control（40%的机器人能够‘看见’道路并在没有任何人类控制的情况下自己做决定）”可推知结论，40%的机器人具备自主看路和决策能力。 54．根据文章第五段中“These are exactly the skills robots need to be truly useful in the real world.（这正是机器人在现实世界中真正有用所需要的技能。）”可推知结论，举办比赛是为了测试机器人在现实世界中有用的技能。 55．根据文章第五段中“movement control, battery life, and the ability to deal with different road conditions（运动控制、电池寿命以及应对不同路况的能力）”可推知结论，作为设计师可以赋予机器人这些实用技能之一。 Passage 12 （2026·河北唐山市路南区·二模） People are always changing. Many people have changed a lot. They change themselves because of different reasons. Let’s see the following people talking about their changes. Dave: When I was in primary school, I used to be crazy about eating junk food, so I was very heavy. Then one day I realized I should change myself, so I exercised more and gave up junk food. Now I’ve got thinner and healthier. Lucy: In the past, I used to spend all of my pocket money on snacks and beautiful clothes. About two years ago, a TV show about poor kids impressed me. I decided to do something good with my money. Now I’m used to giving away most of my pocket money to charity (慈善机构). Eric: I used to be afraid to talk to anyone else. My parents were worried about me a lot. Then one day I read a book named 30 Days—change your habits, change your life. Since then, I’ve tried to express myself to others. I’ve become more outgoing. Mary: I used to hate P.E. and was often absent from P.E. lessons. Later, my P.E. teacher Mr. Li advised me to do more sports to keep fit and train my mind. I thought he might be right and I fell in love with sports. Now I look forward to P.E. lessons and I can play soccer very well. 56．Why was Dave too heavy when he was in primary school? 57．What has changed Lucy’s way of spending pocket money? 58．How has Eric changed since he read 30 Days— change your habits, change your life? 59．What did Mr. Li advise Mary to do? 60．Write about one of your changes with “used to”. 【答案】56．Because he used to be crazy about eating junk food. 57．A TV show about poor kids. 58．He has tried to express himself to others and become more outgoing. 59．He advised her to do more sports to keep fit and train her mind. 60．示例：I used to be afraid of speaking in public, but now I can talk to people confidently. 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们因不同原因发生改变的现象，并通过 Dave、Lucy、Eric、Mary 四位同学的分享，介绍了他们各自的变化及背后原因，展现了成长过程中积极的自我提升。 【详解】56．文中Dave的部分直接说明“When I was in primary school, I used to be crazy about eating junk food, so I was very heavy.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 57．文中Lucy的部分明确指出“About two years ago, a TV show about poor kids made me impressed. I decided to do something good with my money.”，这是原文中的关键信息，可直接提取。 58．文中Eric的部分提到“Since then, I’ve tried to express myself to others. I’ve become more outgoing.”，这是原文直接给出的变化结果，可直接作答。 59．文中Mary的部分直接给出了老师的建议“Later, my P.E. teacher Mr. Li advised me to do more sports to keep fit and train my mind.”，答案几乎是原文引述。 60．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但需要使用“used to”结构描述自己的一个变化，结合生活实际，合理表述过去与现在的不同即可。 Passage 1 （2026·河北唐山市开平区·二模） Do you think AI’s answers are always correct? The answer is “No”. Sometimes its answers may seem correct while they are actually wrong. Scientists call this “AI hallucination (幻觉)”. Why does AI hallucinate? Scientists have found several reasons. First, the information AI learns from may be wrong. Think of the internet as a huge library. AI learns by reading the “books” in it. Some of these “books” have mistakes, and AI copies them without knowing they are wrong. Second, AI tries to guess when it doesn’t know the answer for sure. AI finds patterns in things and uses them to make guesses. However, for some questions, guessing is not possible. For example, in a class of 50 students, knowing the birthdays of 49 students does not help you guess the last one’s birthday. AI faces the same problem—some things cannot be known by guessing. Third, AI developers don’t teach AI to say “I don’t know”. Why not? Because they worry fewer people will turn to AI for help if it often says “I don’t know”. Then how do they train AI? They give AI rewards (奖励) for giving an answer—even a wrong one, but no reward for saying “I don’t know”. That’s why AI would rather make up an answer than admit (承认) it doesn’t know. Remember: AI is a useful tool, but it is not always right. So what can we do? Think about the three reasons above. You may find the answer. 61．What is “AI hallucination”? 62．Why are AI’s answers sometimes wrong according to paragraph 3? 63．What does AI do when it doesn’t know the answer for sure? 64．How do AI developers train AI not to say “I don’t know.”? 65．AI’s answers are not always correct. What should we do to deal with this problem? 【答案】61． It refers to the situation where AI’s answers seem correct but are actually wrong. 62．Because the information AI learns from may be wrong. 63．It tries to guess. 64．They give AI rewards for giving an answer but no reward for saying “I don’t know”. 65．We should think about the three reasons above. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AI 幻觉的含义，详细说明了人工智能给出错误答案的三大原因，最后提醒我们 AI 并非永远正确，使用时要理性辨别、仔细核对。        【详解】61．第一段明确解释“AI hallucination”是“Sometimes its answers may seem correct while they are actually wrong”，整合为定义即可。 62．第三段指出“the information AI learns from may be wrong...Some of these ‘books’ have mistakes, and AI copies them without knowing they are wrong”，直接引用原因。 63．第四段提到“AI tries to guess when it doesn’t know the answer for sure. AI finds patterns in things and uses them to make guesses”，提取核心行为“tries to guess by finding patterns”。 64．第五段明确“They give AI rewards for giving an answer—even a wrong one, but no reward for saying ‘I don’t know’”，直接回答训练方式。 65．第六段指出“Think about the three reasons above”，直接提取答案。 Passage 2 （2026·河北唐山市开平区·二模） A 22-year-old British student has invented a mobile fridge that could save millions of lives across the world. Will Broadway’s “Isobar” is designed to keep vaccines (疫苗) at the ideal temperature. And Will doesn’t plan to make money from his creation. His purpose is to get vaccines to people who need them, which is why he won’t be trying to get a patent (专利). Will’s Isobar has won him the James Dyson Award that challenges young people to “design something that solves a problem”. Present methods of transporting vaccines can lead to the vaccines freezing (冻住) before reaching their places in developing countries, but the Isobar keeps a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees for 30 days. Will’s invention is expected to save 1.5 million people across the world, a number he says is “amazing”. Having now finished college education, he is making an effort to take the Isobar into production. “I would be hands-on, all the way through it, knowing that it works,” he says. “It’s amazing to just give it a go, even in my back yard, and see the potential (潜能) of the technology.” The product has been designed to transport vaccines, but already Will sees the possibility of other medical uses in the developing world and beyond. “You can also use it to transport blood donations, organs (器官) if they get trapped (被卡住) in traffic.” 66．Why is Will’s “Isobar” designed? 67．How long can “Isobar” keep a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees? 68．How many people is “Isobar” expected to save? 69．What uses does “Isobar” have? (写出一种即可) 70．What do you think of “Isobar”? 【答案】66．(Will Broadway’s “Isobar” is designed) to keep vaccines at the ideal temperature. 67．(For) 30 days. 68．(It is expected to save) the lives of 1.5 million people across the world. 69．(You can also use it) to transport vaccines, blood donations, organs. 70．I think it’s a good invention./I think it’s useful./…(答案不唯一) 【导语】本文主要介绍了22岁的英国学生Will Broadway发明的一款名为“Isobar”的移动冰箱，该设备能够将疫苗保持在理想温度，有望拯救全球数百万人的生命，并且发明者不打算申请专利，而是希望将其投入生产以帮助更多需要的人。 【详解】66．第二段明确指出“Isobar”被设计用来在理想温度下保存疫苗“is designed to keep vaccines at the ideal temperature”，这是原文中的直接信息，直接提取即可。 67．第三段指出“Isobar”能在2到8度的温度下保持30天“keeps a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees for 30 days”，属于原文直接信息。 68．第四段明确说明这项发明预计能拯救全球150万人“is expected to save 1.5 million people across the world”，是原文直接表述，直接提取。 69．第五段提到了多种用途，包括运输疫苗、血液捐赠和器官“transport vaccines, blood donations, organs”，任写一种即可，属于原文信息提取。 70．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合文中提到该发明能拯救大量生命、不以盈利为目的、用途广泛等内容，表达自己的看法并给出合理理由即可。 Passage3 （2026·河北省衡水市桃城区·二模） Reducing Food Waste in Schools Food waste is a common problem in many schools. A survey showed that daily food waste in a middle school’s restaurant could meet the lunch needs of 200 students. Many students don’t realize food waste harms not only the environment but also our society. The way food is served can cause waste. For example, large portions (份) or too many choices make students take more food than they can eat. There are many things that schools can do to solve the problem. Schools can do a survey to find out which foods are wasted most: Workers can divide the waste into different kinds, weigh it and keep a record. Then, schools can reduce food waste by changing how they cook and serve food according to the survey results. For example, if the main cause of food waste is large portions, they can let students choose their own food instead of giving them a heavily laden tray (装得满满的盘子). Teaching students how to avoid food waste also helps. Schools can encourage students to form groups to plan activities like Cleaning Your Plate. Schools can also use apps or computer programs to encourage more students to join in and take action. Don’t forget to praise students who do well because it helps them stay excited and keep going. At last, recycle the food waste rather than simply throwing it away. The food that is left over can be managed more wisely. Collect it and give it away to local food banks or take part in composting (堆肥) programs that turn food waste into fertilizer (肥料) for school gardens. 71．What is food waste harmful to? 72．What can schools do to find out which foods are wasted most? 73．How can schools reduce food waste if the main cause is large portions? 74．Why should schools praise students who do well? 75．What will you do to help cut down on food waste at your school? 【答案】71．The environment and our society. 72．Do a survey, divide the waste into different kinds, weigh it and keep a record. 73．They can let students choose their own food instead of giving them a heavily laden tray. 74．Because it helps them stay excited and keep going. 75．I will take only the food I can eat and join the Cleaning Your Plate activity. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学校食物浪费的现状及其危害，并详细介绍了学校可以通过调查、改变供餐方式、教育学生以及回收浪费食物等措施来减少食物浪费。 【详解】71．第1段提到：“Many students don’t realize food waste harms not only the environment but also our society.”，说明食物浪费危害环境和社会。 72．第2段提到：“Schools can do a survey to find out which foods are wasted most”，说明学校可以通过做调查来了解情况。 73．第3段提到：“if the main cause of food waste is large portions, they can let students choose their own food instead of giving them a heavily laden tray.”，明确给出减少食物浪费的做法是让学生自己选择食物。 74．第4段说明原因：“Don’t forget to praise students who do well because it helps them stay excited and keep going.”，说明表扬能帮助学生保持热情并坚持行动。 75．本题为开放性试题，结合文章主题“减少食物浪费”，回答合理即可。 Passage4 （2026·河北省沧州市任丘市区·二模） You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings offer a chance for us to learn about Chinese culture and ancient wisdom. “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It is used to describe someone with amazing talent. The idiom comes from a certain legendary (传奇的) horse which could run 1,000 miles in a single day. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning to this idea. Although talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders who can discover talent (“good riders”) are uncommon. This saying tells why good riders are important—they believe in you and can give you chances. “Ride a donkey while looking for a horse” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical people who never stop improving themselves. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with experience. Experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows that Chinese people respect the elders and their wisdom. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over substance (实质). No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never gallop (驰骋). Similarly, beautiful promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese people to value practical results over empty words. These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people observed (观察) horses’ strength, speed, and intelligence, turning these observations into lessons about humanity, nature and success. 76．What is “A horse that covers a thousand miles” used to describe? 77．Tom is a student who always keeps improving himself, which idiom can be used to describe him according to the text? 78．Why is a good rider important? 79．What does the idiom “A painted horse won’t run” teach us? 80．There are many idioms in English. Which English idiom do you like and what does it tell us? 【答案】76．Someone with amazing talent. 77．Ride a donkey while looking for a horse. 78．Because they believe in you and can give you chances. 79．To value practical results over empty words. 80．I like the idiom “Failure is the mother of success.” It tells us we can learn something from failure. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个与马有关的中国成语及其背后的文化含义，包括“千里马”、“好马需好骑手”、“骑驴找马”、“老马识途”和“画马不跑”，展示了中国古代智慧。 【详解】76．根据第2段“It is used to describe someone with amazing talent.”，可知该成语用于形容有惊人天赋的人。 77．根据第4段“‘Ride a donkey while looking for a horse’... use this idiom to describe practical people who never stop improving themselves.”，可知该成语适合形容不断进步的人。 78．根据第3段“This saying tells why good riders are important—they believe in you and can give you chances.”，可知好骑手的重要性在于信任和提供机会。 79．根据第6段“This idiom teaches Chinese people to value practical results over empty words.”，可知该成语教导我们要重视实际结果而非空谈。 80．本题为开放性问题，需结合个人积累的英语成语知识作答。 Passage5 （2026·河北省唐山市·二模） As the seasons change around the world, many animals begin to migrate (迁徙). Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another. They usually do this in search of food, better weather, or a more suitable environment. Their journeys often happen seasonally, and many animals return to their starting points after a period of time. One of the main reasons for migration is the search for food. Some animals migrate during dry seasons to look for fresh grass to eat and water to drink. Others migrate to get away from difficult weather conditions. For example, around 50 kinds of birds leave the UK each winter to avoid the cold. But how do animals know when it is time to begin their journey? For those migrating in search of food, a shortage of food can be a sign to migrate. Other animals can sense the coming of winter by noticing shorter days. Changes in temperature can also serve as a sign that it is time to migrate. How do animals know where to go? Though animals don’t have maps, they use different skills to find their direction. Some use the stars and the sun, much like what early humans did, while others depend on rivers and mountains. Some animals can even use their sense of smell to help them find their way. In a way, humans also migrate, although our migration is usually not seasonal. People may leave their hometowns for study or work, but often return during holidays, key festivals, or important family matters. For example, nearly all Chinese people travel back to their hometowns to celebrate the Spring Festival. 81．What is migration? 82．Why do around 50 kinds of birds leave the UK each winter? 83．How can some animals sense the coming of winter? 84．What can animals use to help them find their way? (写出一种答案即可) 85．Do you think human migration is similar to or different from animal migration? Why do you think so? 【答案】81．Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another. 82．To avoid the cold. 83．By noticing shorter days./By sensing changes in temperature. (任选其一即可) 84．The stars and the sun./Rivers and mountains./Their sense of smell. (任选其一即可) 85．Similar. Because both humans and animals may leave their places and return later. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动物迁徙的定义、原因、动物判断迁徙时机的方法、辨别方向的方式，并将动物迁徙与人类迁徙进行了对比。 81．首段明确提到“Migration is the movement of large numbers of animals from one place to another.”，直接提取该句即可得出答案。 82．第二段指出“For example, around 50 kinds of birds leave the UK each winter to avoid the cold.”，提取目的状语即可得出答案。 83．第三段提到“Other animals can sense the coming of winter by noticing shorter days. Changes in temperature can also serve as a sign that it is time to migrate.”，表明一些动物通过察觉白昼变短或通过感知温度的变化来感知冬天的到来(任选其一即可)。 84．第四段介绍了动物辨别方向的方式，“Some use the stars and the sun, much like what early humans did, while others depend on rivers and mountains. Some animals can even use their sense of smell to help them find their way.”，任选其中一种即可得出答案。 85．本题是开放性试题，结合文中人类迁徙与动物迁徙的特点，二者都会离开原居住地且通常会返回，据此说明相似的原因即可。 Passage 6 （2026·河北省邯郸市初中学·二模） There is a public service project called “food banks” in Shenzhen. It uses smart technology to help people who need food and cut down food waste. The food banks are actually refrigerated vending (冷藏自动售货机) machines in communities. Local businesses donate some fresh food. They are close to going bad but still safe to eat. Volunteers check and choose the food carefully. Then they put them into the machines. To keep the food safe, they always make the temperature in the machines below 10℃. The project gives first chance to people who need help most. People from poor families, elderly people living alone and street cleaners can book food through the “iShenzhen” app before 8:00 pm. After 8:00 pm, any of the rest food is open to all people in the city. This rule makes sure no food is wasted at the end of each day. The project also protects people’s self-respect. People can get help without face-to-face communication. Since the project started on May 31, 2022, it has given out about 500, 000 meals. It has saved 195 tons of food from being thrown away and reduced pollution by 390 tons. Local people support the project. One father said he took his daughter to get bread from the food bank. “This is a good way to teach her not to waste food and to live a healthy life,” he said. Shenzhen’s food banks show how kindness and technology can work together. You can also donate fresh food to the food bank. Everyone can play a part in building a kinder and cleaner city. 86．What does the project use to cut down food waste? 87．What do the volunteers do to keep the food safe? 88．Who can book food through the app before 8:00 pm? (Give at least two answers.) 89．Why does the father support the project? 90．What could you do to help the project? (Your answer should be different from the underlined one in the passage.) 【答案】86．Smart technology. / It uses smart technology to cut down food waste. 87．They make the temperature in the machines below 10℃. 88．People from poor families, elderly people living alone. / People from poor families and street cleaners. / Elderly people living alone and street cleaners. 89．Because it’s a good way to teach his daughter not to waste food and to live a healthy life. 90．I can tell more people about the food bank. / I can volunteer to help check the food. （合理即可） 【来源】2026年河北邯郸市初中学业水平抽样评估英语试卷 【导语】本文围绕深圳 “食物银行” 公益项目展开，介绍了该项目利用智能技术（冷藏自动售货机），通过志愿者筛选捐赠食物、分时段供不同人群领取等方式，帮助有需要的人、减少食物浪费，同时保护受助者自尊；还提到项目的成效、当地民众的支持，以及呼吁每个人参与其中，展现了科技与善意结合的价值。 86．原文第一句明确提到“It uses smart technology to help people who need food and cut down food waste.”，直接定位答案即可。 87．原文第二段提到“Volunteers check and choose the food carefully. Then they put them into the machines. To keep the food safe, they always make the temperature in the machines below 10℃.”，直接定位答案即可。 88．原文第三段明确说明“The project gives first chance to people who need help most. People from poor families, elderly people living alone and street cleaners can book food through the ‘iShenzhen’ app before 8:00 pm.”，选取至少两个群体即可。 89．原文第五段提到One father said he took his daughter to get bread from the food bank. “This is a good way to teach her not to waste food and to live a healthy life,” he said.，直接引用父亲的话作为原因即可。 90．原文最后一段提到“You can also donate fresh food to the food bank.”，题目要求答案与此不同，需围绕“帮助项目”提出合理建议，贴合主题即可。 Passage 7 （2026·河北省远航学校扬帆·二模） Have you ever heard of a “digital footprint”? It is the record of your activities online. Every time you visit a website, post on social media, or even search for something online, you are adding to your digital footprint. This footprint can be used in both positive and negative (消极的) ways. On the positive side, it can help companies recommend (推荐) products you might like. However, there are risks too. Once information is online, it can be difficult to remove (消除). Something you post as a joke today might be seen by someone else years later and misunderstood. Also, if you share too much personal information, like your address or ID card number, it could be used by criminals (罪犯) to do terrible things. So, how can you manage your digital footprint? ●Think before you post. Ask yourself, “Would I be okay with my teachers or parents seeing this?” ●Check your privacy settings on social media. Make sure only your friends can see your personal posts. ●You must keep your passwords (密码) only to yourself. Don’t tell anyone and don’t store them on your computer. People can use your passwords to enter websites that you use and find information about you. ●Only share your information on safe websites. It is dangerous to share information on unsafe websites. Your digital footprint is like your shadow in the online world. It’s important to learn how to control it so that it doesn’t cause you trouble in the future. 91．What is a digital footprint? 92．Give a positive example of a digital footprint mentioned in the text. 93．What may happen if you share too much personal information online? 94．What’s the writer’s last piece of advice for managing the digital footprint? 95．Do you think teenagers should meet online friends in person? Why? 【答案】91．It is the record of your activities online. 92．It can help companies recommend products you might like. 93．It could be used by criminals to do terrible things. 94．Only share your information on safe websites. 95．No, I don’t. Because it may bring danger to us. (合理即可) 【导语】本文介绍了数字足迹的含义、正反两方面影响，并给出了四条管理数字足迹、保护个人网络安全的建议。 【详解】91．第一段指出：“It is the record of your activities online.”，说明数字足迹就是你在线活动的记录。 92．第二段指出：“On the positive side, it can help companies recommend products you might like.”，这是文中提到的数字足迹的积极例子。 93．第二段指出：“if you share too much personal information...it could be used by criminals to do terrible things.”，说明分享过多个人信息可能会被罪犯利用做坏事。 94．文中第四条建议指出：“Only share your information on safe websites.”，这是作者给出的最后一条建议。 95．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合文章和常识，合理作答即可。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $