精品解析：湖北省沙市中学2025-2026学年高二下学期5月阶段检测英语试题

2025—2026学年度下学期2024级 5月月考英语试卷 考试时间：2026年5月21日 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.How was the man’s homemade cake? A. It tasted terrible. B. It was perfect. C. It was just so-so. 2. What does the woman think of the trip? A. It was perfect. B. It could be improved. C. It was unsuitable for the old. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. At a supermarket. C. At a restaurant. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A football player. B. A football team. C. A football match. 5. What do we know about the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She missed the promotion details. C. She misunderstood the sign on the shelf. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. How did the woman get the band’s telephone number? A. At a concert. B. From a member. C. On the Internet. 7. What does the man ask the woman about regarding the performance? A. The date. B. The location. C. The length. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What can we learn about the man’s company? A. It is quite famous. B. It is rapidly developing. C. It is newly established. 9. What can the woman find on the brochure’s second page? A. The company overview. B. The marketing strategy. C. The product introduction. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What makes Charlotte want to learn Tourism? A. Her fondness. B. Her career plan. C. Her parents’ wishes. 11. What does Dr. Twain suggest Charlotte do? A. Change her major. B. Chat with her parents. C. Find a job. 12. What is Charlotte’s advantage in the tourism field? A. Communication skills. B. Language talent. C. Time management ability. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. Who is probably the man? A. A housekeeper. B. A professor. C. An administrator. 14. What contributes most to Martina’s decision to move? A. The distance from the university. B. Conflicts with roommates. C. The landlady’s strict rules. 15. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a term. B. In the middle of a term. C. At the end of a term. 16. What will the man do next? A. Check Martina’s information. B. Show Martina around. C. Call the landlady. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What prize will the winner get from the contest this time? A. A signed book. B. A membership card. C. A computer. 18. What kind of stories are expected? A. Ones set in the future. B. Ones about daily life. C. Ones over 1,500 words. 19. How should the participants send their entries? A. By email. B. In person. C. By post. 20. What month is it now? A. January. B. February. C. March. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL) is a competition for pre-university students, held in a different country each year since 2003. It challenges participants, both individually and in teams, to solve linguistic (语言学的) puzzles. To compete at the IOL, no special knowledge is required, only basic language concepts, logic, patience, and creative thinking. Try this beginner sample to see if the IOL is right for you. A Puzzle The names of some South American countries are written in Georgian (格鲁吉亚语) with their English translations: Brazil Peru Uruguay Q: What is the English name of this country “”? The Solution ●The Georgian forms of “Peru” and “Uruguay” have the same number of letters as their English names, showing a direct letter match. ●The repeated U in “Uruguay” further confirms Georgian is written left-to-right. ●“Brazil” has fewer letters than the Georgian version, but thanks to the two other names, we already know: →R, →A, →G, →E. ●With these letters, the pattern can be translated as “A R G E _ _ _ _ A, ” which is “Argentina. ” Contest Rules ● Each individual contestant or team must choose a working language for their problems and solutions, a choice that cannot be changed less than two weeks before the Olympiad begins. ● The individual contest involves solving five problems in six hours, whereas the team contest features one problem with two hours less. ● Unless instructed, giving multiple answers will receive zero marks. Besides, a detailed explanation is required for each answer; failure to provide one will result in a lower score. Awards The team contest will award up to one gold, two silver, and three bronze medals. In the individual contest, the number of gold, silver, and bronze medals awarded shall be in the ratio 1: 2: 3, with the total number of medals being between one quarter and one third of the contestants. Click here to find out other awards. 1. Which is essential to solve the sample puzzle? A. Linguistic fluency. B. Reasoning ability. C. Geographic knowledge. D. Mathematical calculation. 2. What is different about the rules for the individual and team contest? A. The duration of the competition. B. The deadline for language choice. C. The result of giving multiple answers. D. The requirement for answer explanations. 3. If there are 240 individual contestants, how many medals could be awarded in total? A. 40. B. 54. C. 72. D. 84. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了国际语言学奥林匹克竞赛（IOL）的赛事背景、样题示例、比赛规则及奖项设置等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“To compete at the IOL, no special knowledge is required, only basic language concepts, logic, patience, and creative thinking.(参加IOL比赛不需要特殊知识，只需要基本的语言概念、逻辑、耐心和创造性思维。)”以及样题的解题过程可知，解决样题谜题的关键在于逻辑推理能力。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Contest Rules部分“The individual contest involves solving five problems in six hours, whereas the team contest features one problem with two hours less.(个人赛是在6小时内解决5道题，而团队赛是解决1道题，时间少2小时。)”可知，个人赛和团队赛的不同之处在于比赛时长。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awards部分“In the individual contest, the number of gold, silver, and bronze medals awarded shall be in the ratio1: 2: 3, with the total number of medals being between one quarter and one third of the contestants.(在个人赛中，金牌、银牌和铜牌的颁发数量比例为1:2:3，且奖牌总数应在参赛人数的四分之一到三分之一之间。)”可知，若有240名个人参赛者，则奖牌总数应在240乘以四分之一等于60，和240乘以三分之一等于80之间。在这个区间的为72。故选C。 B Seven children line up, awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s outskirts, a garbage-site-turned-park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli, who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck.” Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy”: the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to reclaim abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 4. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 5. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 6. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Confidence. 7. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述少女阿玛拉在拉各斯将垃圾场改造成公园，以此唤醒民众气候保护意识并带动更多公益行动。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s outskirts, a garbage-site-turned-park is providing room for kids to play.(这样的场景在拉各斯很少见，它是非洲发展最快的城市之一，人口约1700万。但在城市郊区，一个由垃圾场改造的公园正在为孩子们提供玩耍的空间)”可知，拉各斯面临的问题是公共活动区域不足。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s ‘climate apathy’: the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet.(但后来，她意识到这就是所谓的尼日利亚的‘气候冷漠’：人们倾向于将洪水、热浪和干旱视为孤立事件，而非地球变暖带来的后果)”以及第三段“I wanted to change the mindset. If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it.(我想要改变这种心态。如果人们感受不到与自然的联系，就不会主动去保护自然)”可知，人们对气候变化的漠视态度，让阿玛拉下定决心修建公园唤醒大家。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities.(阿玛拉最初联系了拉各斯州政府，政府提供了土地但施加了限制条件，导致长期施工无法开展。历经数月碰壁后，她转变策略，开始寻找高危社区周边的备选场地)”可知，遇到阻碍后她及时调整办法，体现出灵活变通的品质。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.(我付诸行动，其他人看到后，也想要行动。众人同心，力量就会不断壮大)”可知，阿玛拉想表达微小行动积累起来就能产生巨大影响。 C Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century. Male chingolos learn their unique, two-second melody from adult males. “It is a distinctive song — like a fingerprint, but learned,” says one of the researchers. “It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” However, urbanization and habitat loss have broken this learning chain, causing local song “dialects” to disappear. Driven by this problem, researchers took on a pioneering task: bringing back a song that had disappeared from the wild — known only from a musical record made in the 1960s — to a population of chingolos. Using physics-based modeling of the bird’s vocal tract (声道) , the team first created an accurate artificial version of the lost song. They then engineered this model into a physical device designed to broadcast the forgotten melody — a “robotic tutor.” This artificial song was introduced to the chingolos in the park during their critical learning period from October to February. The sessions took place during peak singing hours and were limited to a maximum of eight hours. There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. The results were impressive. Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. “This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity,” says another researcher. The team is now developing AI systems to automatically identify individual bird songs and planning to study cultural spread in bird populations to ensure that bird culture is not lost again. 8. Why did the researchers teach the birds the song? A. To save an endangered species. B. To study the birds’ brain structure. C. To develop new robotic devices. D. To preserve the birds’ cultural heritage. 9. What is a role of chingolos’ song? A. It keeps hunters away from them. B. It helps them adapt to urban growth. C. It functions as their social identity. D. It makes them remember their habitat. 10. What is the purpose of the random pauses? A. To protect the birds’ vocal tract. B. To test the birds’ reaction speed. C. To push the birds to catch the beat. D. To trick the birds into interaction. 11. What can we learn from chingolos’ learning results? A. The song has spread to other bird species. B. Their singing shows special vocal features. C. Their response to the song needs improving. D. The effectiveness depends on their population. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员成功利用机器人导师，让一种南美小鸟——雄性红领带鹀重新学会了一首曾是该物种文化一部分，但已消失半个多世纪的歌曲，以及研究过程、结果和意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century.(布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员已成功使用机器人导师，教南美一种小型鸟类 —— 雄性红领带鹀 学习一首曾属于该物种文化、但已消失半个多世纪的鸣唱)”以及最后一段“This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity (这不仅是为了保护遗传多样性，也是为了保护文化多样性)”可知，研究人员教鸟儿这首歌是为了保护鸟类的文化遗产。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” (它用来吸引雌鸟和保护领地。这是鸟儿表达“这就是我，我就在这里”的方式。)”可知，红领带鹀的歌声是它们的社会身份标识。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. (中间有随机停顿，这样鸟儿就会把放置在该区域的三个设备播放的声音当作真实的交流，就好像这些设备在互相回应一样。这刺激了鸟类的发声反应。)”可知，随机停顿的目的是诱使鸟儿进行互动。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. (年轻的红领带鹀学习并采用了这首歌，尽管它们在最后的颤音中加入了自己种群的“口音”，这表明它们的歌声是由习得行为和先天特征共同塑造的。)”可知，从红领带鹀的学习结果中我们可以了解到它们的歌声表现出特殊的发声特征。故选B项。 D Secret codes (密码) once thought impossible to crack now face a challenge from quantum computers. Luckily, to protect information, physicists have developed a theoretically foolproof system called device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) , which uses entangled quantum particles (纠缠态量子粒子) to fix weak points in existing methods. Now, a team in China has demonstrated the technique in real city conditions, an advance that could clear the way for a secure quantum internet in which trust is taken for granted. Most cryptography (密码学) works by encrypting messages with a secret code that requires a special key to decode. The challenge lies in making sure the key can’t be decoded when sent. For instance, the keys in one popular encryption scheme are based on the prime factors of large numbers, which take enormous effort to crack. But such calculations could be quick work for the large quantum computers. QKD offers a solution, but it has a weakness: hardware must be perfect. DI-QKD removes the need for trust in the hardware, by employing another feature of quantum mechanics — entanglement — which closely links properties of widely separated quantum particles. If the sender and receiver entangle a pair of particles across the network, they can each perform tests that confirm the particles’ properties are strongly linked, well beyond chance. After this “handshake”, they can be sure they’re the only ones on the channel. Then, other measurements on the entangled particles can establish a key, which can be shared with confidence that nobody can decode it. In 2022, a UK-based team managed to create and share a DI-QKD key for only about 2 meters. Now, Jianwei Pan and his colleagues have extended this to practically useful distances. After collecting data for 26 days, they showed they had the statistics to establish and share a key across 11 kilometers. The researchers also showed that in theory — and given about 23 years for data collection — they could have sent a key across 100 kilometers. Pan’s group now plans to explore ways to perform DI-QKD using satellites in space. 12. What is the advance made by Chinese scientists? A. They put forward a coding theory. B. They enhanced DI-QKD practicality. C. They set up the quantum internet. D. They discovered quantum entanglement. 13. The author explains the encryption principle by __________. A. providing a definition B. making a comparison C. giving an example D. citing a statement 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A. What entanglement is. B. How DI-QKD works. C. What prevents key sharing. D. How particles connect. 15. What is the limitation implied in the last paragraph? A. Long data collection time. B. Strict laboratory conditions. C. Unstable entangled particles. D. Heavy reliance on satellites. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统密码面临量子计算机挑战，科学家研发出 DI‑QKD 系统。中国团队在真实城市环境实现 11 公里密钥分发，大幅提升实用性，但仍存在数据收集时间过长的局限。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now, a team in China has demonstrated the technique in real city conditions, an advance that could clear the way for a secure quantum internet in which trust is taken for granted.( 如今，中国的一个团队在实际城市环境中展示了这一技术，这一进展可能为建立一个无需信任的可靠量子互联网铺平道路)”以及第四段中“Now, Jianwei Pan and his colleagues have extended this to practically useful distances.( 如今，潘建伟团队已经将这一技术扩展到了具有实际应用价值的距离范围内)”可知，中国团队在真实城市环境中验证了 DI-QKD 技术，并将距离拓展到实际可用范围，提升了其实用性。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For instance, the keys in one popular encryption scheme are based on the prime factors of large numbers, which take enormous effort to crack. But such calculations could be quick work for the large quantum computers. QKD offers a solution, but it has a weakness: hardware must be perfect.( 例如，一种流行的加密方案中的密钥基于大数字的质因数，破解这些密钥需要耗费巨大的努力。但对大型量子计算机来说，这些计算将是轻而易举的事情。量子密钥分发（QKD）提供了解决方案，但它有一个弱点：硬件必须完美无缺)”可推知，作者通过给出例子来解释加密原理。故选C项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“DI-QKD removes the need for trust in the hardware, by employing another feature of quantum mechanics — entanglement — which closely links properties of widely separated quantum particles. If the sender and receiver entangle a pair of particles across the network, they can each perform tests that confirm the particles’ properties are strongly linked, well beyond chance. After this “handshake”, they can be sure they’re the only ones on the channel. Then, other measurements on the entangled particles can establish a key, which can be shared with confidence that nobody can decode it.( DI-QKD 通过利用量子力学的另一个特性——纠缠，消除了对硬件的信任需求。纠缠使相距很远的量子粒子的特性紧密相连。如果发送方和接收方在网络中对一对粒子进行纠缠操作，那么他们各自都可以进行测试，以证实这些粒子的特性之间存在着极强的关联，这种关联远远超出了偶然的可能性。完成这一“握手”之后，他们就能确定自己是这条通道上唯一的参与者。然后，对纠缠粒子进行的其他测量可以建立一个密钥，这个密钥可以放心地与他人分享，因为没有人能够破解它)”可知，第三段的主旨是DI-QKD 如何利用量子纠缠、如何完成“握手”、如何建立密钥，完整说明 DI-QKD 的工作流程。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“After collecting data for 26 days, they showed they had the statistics to establish and share a key across 11 kilometers. The researchers also showed that in theory — and given about 23 years for data collection — they could have sent a key across 100 kilometers.( 经过 26 天的数据收集，他们展示了他们拥有足够的统计数据来建立并分享跨越11公里的密钥。研究人员还表明，在理论上——并且假设数据收集需要约23年的时间——他们能够将密钥发送到100公里之外)”可推知，数据收集时间过长是当前局限。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, science fictions are becoming increasingly popular. Science fiction writers using their magical imagination create imaginary worlds that attract a great number of readers especially teenagers. But how can they make it so believable? ____16____ The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So you must be familiar with the scientific laws related to your creation. If you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. ____17____ Only in this way can you gain the readers’ trust. Then the rules in your creation can be different from our daily life, so you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. ____18____ For example, if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your characters can’t drown (溺水) in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3. ____19____ You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, as well as how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are creating a new real world for the readers. ____20____ They are able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it’s like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’ re actually there. A. And you have to follow them. B. You are inviting them to visit the new world. C. You have to get rich imagination to create science fictions. D. Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science. E. Characters in the imaginary worlds always have super power. F. Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one. G. Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何使得自己创作的科幻小说可信且吸引读者给出一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“But how can they make it so believable?(但他们是如何让它如此可信的呢?)”提出疑问，而下文则开始给出建议，如何创作出一篇好的科幻小说。所以空处需要的是引出下文的句子。选项F“Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one.(如果你想创作一个，在这里你会找到答案。)”引出下文，如何创作一篇好的科幻小说。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“If you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.(如果你写的是人类生活在零重力的星球上，那么你需要知道零重力对人体的影响。)”可知，写作的时候要符合科学规律。而空后“Only in this way can you gain the readers’ trust.(只有这样，你才能获得读者的信任。)”则再次强调要这样做，所以空处要提到this way。选项D“Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science.(确保你写的东西不违反基础科学。)”正是写作的原则一，不违背科学，和下文的this way一致。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据空后的“For example, if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your characters can’t drown(溺水)in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3.(例如，如果你的作品中的人类在第一章中能够在水下呼吸，那么在第三章中你的角色就不能在游泳池或河里淹死。)”可知，这里讲的是你书中的规则或许和现实不同，但你在写作时要遵守自己拟定的规则。选项A“And you have to follow them.(你必须遵守它们。)”和上文“you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.(你必须弄清楚你想象世界的确切规则)”一致，且正是下文例子所要说明的。故选A。 【19题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, as well as how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on.(你应该决定以下问题：世界的历史，地理，它提供的可能性，一切在这个新的现实中如何运作，以及所有这些因素如何影响你的角色的思考，感觉和反应方式。你不必告诉你的读者在第一章的所有规则。但你必须让读者知道足够的信息，以便理解发生了什么。)”可知，下文讲的是你想要写的科幻小说中的一切细节。选项G“Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail.(你的准备工作还包括非常详细地计划每一件事。)”与下文内容一致。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据空后“They are able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it’s like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’ re actually there.(他们能够看到、听到、感觉到、闻到，甚至尝到新世界的味道。无论你的小说是关于一个没有疾病的世界还是一个未被发现的星球，都要让你的读者感觉他们就在那里。)”可知，你所塑造的这个世界要能够让读者感觉自己就在其中。选项B“You are inviting them to visit the new world.(你在邀请他们参观新世界。)”引出下文，建议你在创作时要真实，要让读者有身临其境的感觉。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分45分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 12, I was diagnosed with scoliosis, where the spine curves to the side. After the 8-hour operation, I spent three days in intensive care and a week in a general ward (病房), followed by being wheelchair-bound for six days, requiring full ____21____ for all activities of daily living. Even now, the period of recovery keeps ____22____ my mind. The paralysis (瘫痪) caused by my spinal injury seemed psychologically ____23____, and it was so ____24____ to put up with it. I couldn’t get out of bed or do anything for myself. I was filled with a sense of ____25____ for the entire experience — an emotion even I couldn’t understand or explain. It was my mother who ____26____ how I perceived both the surgery and its lasting influence. She was ____27____. She’d ask me if she could present it to people, and then she’d turn me around and say, “My daughter is a (n) ____28____ — you’ve got to check out her scar. Isn’t it a symbol of ____29____?” Gradually, it evolved into a ____30____ part of my identity rather than a source of shame and even became a powerful tool I now use to help others through their own ____31____. Since then, I have not ____32____ discussing my operation — even wearing a wedding dress that showed off the ____33____ when I married Jack Brooksbank in 2018. Now I am a mother of two, also sponsor of Horatio’s Garden, which helps to improve the ____34____ of patients having spinal surgery by giving them garden spaces to ____35____ occasionally. 21. A. rest B. assistance C. participation D. energy 22. A. changing B. concentrating C. crossing D. blowing 23. A. unique B. dependent C. disastrous D. random 24. A. eager B. complex C. ridiculous D. difficult 25. A. shame B. regret C. dignity D. anger 26. A. reshaped B. presumed C. calculated D. recognized 27. A. strict B. cautious C. considerate D. easy-going 28. A. artist B. superman C. operator D. patient 29. A. strength B. history C. love D. suffering 30. A. deserted B. revised C. valued D. destroyed 31. A. guilt B. training C. sympathy D. healing 32. A. got rid of B. put up with C. looked forward to D. backed away from 33. A. honor B. scar C. elegance D. spot 34. A. happiness B. status C. bonus D. right 35. A. extend B. deliver C. switch D. escape 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者12岁确诊脊柱侧弯，经历8小时手术与漫长休养，术后一度因瘫痪无法自理而满心羞愧自卑。经母亲开导鼓励后，作者正视手术疤痕，将磨难转化为自身闪光点，如今投身公益项目，助力脊柱手术患者身心疗愈。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过长达八小时的手术后，我在重症监护室休养了三天，又在普通病房住了一周，之后还需要坐六天轮椅，日常生活的所有活动都需要他人全程照料协助。A. rest休息；B. assistance帮助，协助；C. participation参与；D. energy精力。根据上文“wheelchair-bound for six days”及下文“I couldn’t get out of bed or do anything for myself”可知，作者术后无法自主打理日常，凡事都需要他人帮忙。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：时至今日，那段康复时光仍时常浮现在我的脑海中。A. changing改变；B. concentrating集中；C. crossing掠过，浮现；D. blowing吹拂。根据下文“The paralysis caused by my spinal injury seemed psychologically disastrous”可知，作者时常回想起康复期间瘫痪难熬的过往经历，cross one’s mind为固定搭配，表示思绪浮现脑海。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：脊柱损伤造成的瘫痪，在心理层面堪称毁灭性打击，且忍受这般状况实在太过艰难煎熬。A. unique独特的；B. dependent依赖的；C. disastrous灾难性的；D. random随意的。根据下文“I couldn’t get out of bed or do anything for myself”可知，瘫痪让作者无法自理，内心备受打击，处境极具毁灭性。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：脊柱损伤造成的瘫痪，在心理层面堪称毁灭性打击，且忍受这般状况实在太过艰难煎熬。A. eager渴望的；B. complex复杂的；C. ridiculous荒唐的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“The paralysis (瘫痪) caused by my spinal injury”以及下文“I couldn’t get out of bed or do anything for myself”可知，瘫痪卧床、无法自理的日子十分难熬，难以忍受。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：整场经历让我满心羞愧——一种连我自己都难以解读的情绪。A. shame羞愧，羞耻；B. regret后悔；C. dignity尊严；D. anger愤怒。根据下文“rather than a source of shame”可知，起初作者把手术疤痕与患病经历视作羞耻的来源，内心满是羞愧。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：是母亲重塑了我看待这场手术及其长远影响的方式。A. reshaped重塑，改变；B. presumed假定；C. calculated盘算；D. recognized认出。根据下文“Gradually, it evolved into a   part of my identity rather than a source of shame and even became a powerful tool”可知，作者在母亲引导下看待手术的想法被彻底重塑。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她十分体贴善解人意。A. strict严厉的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. considerate体贴的；D. easy-going随和的。根据下文“She’d ask me if she could present it to people”及“Isn’t it a symbol of ?”可知，母亲细心顾及作者情绪，耐心开导作者摆脱自卑，十分体贴周到。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的女儿是个超人，你们一定要看看她的疤痕。A. artist艺术家；B. superman超人；C. operator操作员；D. patient病人。根据下文“it evolved into a   part of my identity rather than a source of shame and even became a powerful tool”可知，母亲用超人夸赞女儿的勇敢坚强。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：这难道不是力量的象征吗？A. strength力量，强项；B. history历史；C. love爱；D. suffering苦难。根据上文“you’ve got to check out her scar”可知，母亲将疤痕定义为战胜病痛的坚强印记，是自身力量的象征。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：渐渐地，它成了我人生中备受珍视的一部分，不再是羞耻的源头，甚至成为我如今帮助他人走出疗愈过程的有力方式。A. deserted被遗弃的；B. revised修订的；C. valued珍视的；D. destroyed被毁的。根据下文“even became a powerful tool I now use to help others”可知，作者接纳了自身经历，把这段过往视作珍贵的人生印记。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：渐渐地，它成了我人生中备受珍视的一部分，不再是羞耻的源头，甚至成为我如今帮助他人走出疗愈过程的有力方式。A. guilt愧疚；B. training训练；C. sympathy同情；D. healing身心疗愈。根据下文“sponsor of Horatio’s Garden, which helps to improve the   of patients having spinal surgery”可知，作者用自身经验帮助同类病患完成身心疗愈。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：从那以后，我再也不回避谈论自己的手术经历——甚至在2018年和Jack成婚时，我身着婚纱大方展露疤痕。A. got rid of摆脱；B. put up with忍受；C. looked forward to期盼；D. backed away from回避。根据下文“wearing a wedding dress that showed off the ”可知，作者婚礼大方展露疤痕，不再回避谈起手术过往。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：从那以后，我再也不回避谈论自己的手术经历——甚至在2018年和Jack成婚时，我身着婚纱大方展露疤痕。A. honor荣誉；B. scar疤痕；C. elegance优雅；D. spot斑点。根据上文“you’ve got to check out her scar”可知，此处指作者婚礼坦然展示她的手术疤痕。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今我已是两个孩子的母亲，同时也是Horatio’s Garden项目的赞助人，该项目旨在为接受脊柱手术的患者打造花园休憩区域，让他们可以偶尔逃离，以此改善这类患者的身心幸福感。A. happiness幸福感；B. status地位；C. bonus奖金；D. right权利。根据下文“giving them garden spaces”可知，花园空间能够舒缓术后患者身心压力，提升患者身心幸福感。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：如今我已是两个孩子的母亲，同时也是Horatio’s Garden项目的赞助人，该项目旨在为接受脊柱手术的患者打造花园休憩区域，让他们可以偶尔逃离，以此改善这类患者的身心幸福感。A. extend延伸；B. deliver递送；C. switch转换；D. escape逃离。根据上文“The paralysis (瘫痪) caused by my spinal injury seemed psychologically  , and it was so  to put up with it”可知，花园是可供患者暂时逃离病痛烦闷、放松休憩的场所。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With Chinese online literature becoming a global cultural phenomenon, creators and providers are rapidly expanding overseas, acting as carriers of culture and helping writers from around the world get dream jobs. Online literature, which is believed ____36____ (gain) a significant foothold in the Chinese mainland in the 1990s, has grown into a global trend over the past two decades. Works in Chinese, whether ____37____ (release) online or published as physical books, ____38____ (enjoy) popularity worldwide now. The rise of online reading platforms ___39___ the development of localization ecosystems have significantly contributed to the global influence of Chinese online literature. It is now described as one of the world’s four major cultural ____40____ (phenomenon), alongside US Hollywood movies, Japanese animation and South Korean TV dramas. ____41____ (feature) great imagination, fascinating plots and compelling (扣人心弦的) stories, Chinese online literature has drawn readers from all over the world. The charm of Chinese online literature is boundless. “It breaks cultural barriers and resonates (引起共鸣) with readers worldwide. Themes like the ____42____ (pursue) of dreams and the fight for justice are ____43____ (universe), uniting people across cultures,” said Carlo Maria Rossi, ____44____ Italian fan of the popular Chinese web novel Lord of Mysteries. Currently, Chinese online literature is breaking new ground by focusing on the global co-creation of intellectual property (知识产权). Writers from different nations and regions are working together on the development of web novel IPs, ____45____ has further promoted its international spread. 【答案】36. to have gained 37. released 38. are enjoying##have enjoyed 39. and 40. phenomena 41. Featuring 42. pursuit 43. universal 44. an 45. which 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述中国网络文学逐步走向世界、成为全球文化现象，介绍其发展历程、风靡海外的原因以及全球共创知识产权的国际化新发展。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：网络文学被认为于20世纪90年代在中国大陆站稳重要根基，在过去二十年间已然发展成一股全球潮流。be believed to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，根据下文“in the 1990s”可知，网络文学扎根大陆发生在主句谓语动作之前，应用不定式的完成式to have done。 【37题详解】 考查省略句。句意：中文作品，无论是线上发布还是纸质书籍出版，如今在全球都备受追捧。whether...or...引导的让步状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是whether they are released online or published as physical books，省略了they are，空处需填过去分词released。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：中文作品，无论是线上发布还是纸质书籍出版，如今在全球都备受追捧。根据时间标志词now可知，此句强调当下现阶段持续风靡全球的状态，可用现在进行时；也可侧重从过去延续至今一直广受追捧，用现在完成时，两种形式语法均成立；主语Works in Chinese为复数名词，可填are enjoying/have enjoyed。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：网络阅读平台的兴起与本土化生态体系的发展，极大助推了中国网络文学的全球影响力。根据后文“have significantly contributed”可知，此句谓语为复数形式，空前the rise与空后the development是并列主语，应用并列连词and连接。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今它被称作世界四大文化现象之一，与美国好莱坞电影、日本动漫、韩国电视剧齐名。one of后接可数名词复数形式，phenomenon的复数形式为phenomena。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：以丰富的想象力、引人入胜的情节与扣人心弦的故事为特征，中国网络文学吸引了世界各地的读者。此句已有谓语动词has drawn，空处应填非谓语形式；主语Chinese online literature与feature是主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，句首单词首字母大写。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：追梦、捍卫正义这类主题具有普适性，能跨越文化凝聚不同地域的人。根据上文定冠词the以及下文介词of可知，此处需要名词作介词宾语，pursue的名词形式为pursuit，the pursuit of dreams意为“追梦”。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：追梦、捍卫正义这类主题具有普适性，能跨越文化凝聚不同地域的人。根据系动词are可知，此处需形容词作表语，universe的形容词形式universal，意为“普遍的，通用的”。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：意大利读者Carlo Maria Rossi，是热门网文《诡秘之主》的粉丝，如此说道。根据下文“Italian fan”可知，此处泛指一位意大利粉丝，Italian发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：来自不同国家与地区的作家合力创作网文知识产权，这进一步推动了中国网络文学走向国际。此句为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事情，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵（recitation）比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，内容包括： 1. 说明比赛要求； 2. 请他推荐英文诗； 3. 请教朗诵技巧。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear George, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文1 Dear George, I’m writing to ask for your help. To offer students an opportunity to enjoy the beauty of poems, the English Poetry Recitation Contest is to be held next Friday, in which each participant is required to recite an English poem in five minutes. However, I have encountered a tricky problem in selecting English poetry, for which I sincerely hope that you could recommend one to me. Besides, I’ve been exerting myself to read poems, yet I fail to grasp the skills of it. Would you be kind enough to provide me with professional guidance? Your generous assistance and immediate response are enthusiastically expected and truly appreciated. Yours, Li Hua 参考范文2 Dear George, Informed of the approaching English Poetry Recitation Contest, I’m writing to convey my earnest longing for your help. The competition, featuring its wide topic ranging from nature to life, provides a platform for us to finish a five-minute-long recitation. However, I have encountered a tricky problem in selecting English poetry, for which I sincerely hope that you could recommend one to me. Additionally, I find it challenging to recite poems, so I am wondering if you can share with me some practical skills on how to read English poetry. Your gracious assistance will be appreciated. Keenly anticipating your prompt reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给外教George写封邮件就参加英文诗朗诵比赛一事求助，应首先说明比赛要求，再请求推荐英文诗，最后请教诗歌的朗诵技巧。（详解以参考范文2为例） 【详解】1. 词汇积累 即将到来的：approaching→forthcoming, upcoming 表达：convey→express 面临：encounter→face, confront 棘手的：tricky→difficult 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The competition, featuring its wide topic ranging from nature to life, provides a platform for us to finish a five-minute-long recitation. 拓展句：The competition, which features its wide topic ranging from nature to life, provides a platform for us to finish a five-minute-long recitation. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, I have encountered a tricky problem in selecting English poetry, for which I sincerely hope that you could recommend one to me. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句、that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Additionally, I find it challenging to recite poems, so I am wondering if you can share with me some practical skills on how to read English poetry. (运用了if引导宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was supposed to be a perfect father-son biking adventure. Sixteen-year-old Tom and his dad had planned a 50-kilometer bike ride through the countryside to celebrate Tom’s birthday. The night before, Tom was so excited that he could barely sleep. His mind was full of images of the open road and the beautiful scenery they would encounter. Before leaving, Tom’s dad put on an old silver watch. It was a family treasure passed down from his grandpa. The watch’s glass was cracked, showing its long history, but it still kept time accurately, standing as a symbol of the family’s toughness. “This watch has seen its share of tough times, just like all of us,” his dad said, smiling at Tom. “But it keeps going, and so will we.” Tom nodded, feeling close to his dad when he looked at the watch. In the warm morning sun, they set off. Their backpacks were filled with water, energy-boosting snacks and a first-aid kit for any emergencies. Tom’s shiny red bike, which he had spent weeks cleaning and fixing, shone brightly in the sun. As they cycled along the country roads, the fresh smell of grass and wildflowers filled the air. Tom felt extremely happy and pedaled (踩踏板) even harder with excitement. However, as the morning passed, the sun gradually disappeared behind thick dark clouds. By noon, a cold and heavy rain started to fall. The dry dirt path quickly turned into a muddy mess. Tom’s legs, which had been moving smoothly just a few hours ago, now ached with every push of the pedals. He took a deep breath and tried to focus on the rhythm of his pedaling, trying to ignore the rain and the tiredness in his legs. Although they were wet and uncomfortable, they kept going. They were determined not to let the weather stop them. But when they turned a sharp corner, they saw a long, steep slope (斜坡). The rain was still pouring heavily, and the path ahead looked very slippery with mud sliding down. Tom’s heart sank, and he began to doubt himself. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As Tom hesitated, his dad placed a firm hand on his shoulder. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Gradually, the rain stopped and they arrived at the top of the mountain. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: As Tom hesitated, his dad placed a firm hand on his shoulder. Looking at Tom, his dad said, “Remember the watch? It still works well through hard times. We’re just like it.” Tom listened intently. His dad’s words deeply inspired him. The following hours witnessed his tough struggle and perseverance. Ignoring the pouring rain and the slippery slope, he made every effort to pedal his bike. With mud splashing onto their clothes, they kept going, encouraging each other all the way. Despite the tiredness, they were getting closer to the top of the mountain. Paragraph 2: Gradually, the rain stopped and they arrived at the top of the mountain. The moment they reached the peak, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky. The scenery around them was breathtaking. Tom’s dad looked at him with pride, saying, “You did an amazing job, son! I’m so proud of you.” Hearing this, Tom felt the exhaustion from riding his bike were replaced by a sense of excitement and satisfaction. They stood there, immersed in the splendid view. From this unforgettable adventure, Tom realized that it was the simple watch that helped him become stronger. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一次本应完美的父子骑行冒险。十六岁的汤姆和父亲计划骑行50公里庆祝生日，途中突遇大雨和泥泞道路，在面对陡峭湿滑的斜坡时，汤姆开始怀疑自己。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段句首内容“汤姆犹豫时，父亲将手坚定地搭在他肩上”可知，第一段可描写父亲如何用手表鼓励汤姆坚持，汤姆在父亲激励下努力克服困难，如恶劣天气（大雨倾盆、道路湿滑）、身体疲惫（双腿酸痛、体力不支）以及心理压力（自我怀疑、害怕失败）等，最终咬牙坚持骑行的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“渐渐地，雨停了，他们到达了山顶”可知，第二段可描写父子登顶后看到美景，父亲对Tom的肯定与赞扬，汤姆内心的感受（如兴奋、满足、自豪等），以及这次骑行经历对汤姆的深刻影响（如意识到手表所代表的精神力量，以及这种精神如何帮助他成长为更坚强的人等）。 2.续写线索：犹豫——父亲鼓励——汤姆克服困难——坚持骑行——登顶成功——父亲赞扬——汤姆内心感受——深刻感悟 行为类： 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①努力踩踏板：make every effort to pedal/strive to pedal/try hard to cycle ② 互相鼓励：encourage each other/cheer each other on/give each other support ③ 到达山顶：reach the peak/arrive at the top 情绪类 ① 深深鼓舞：deeply inspire/greatly motivate ② 满足：satisfaction/contentment/fulfillment 【点睛】【高分句型1】The moment they reached the peak, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky. (运用了The moment引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】From this unforgettable adventure, Tom realized that it was the simple watch that helped him become stronger. (运用了that引导的宾语从句、it was...that...强调句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度下学期2024级 5月月考英语试卷 考试时间：2026年5月21日 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.How was the man’s homemade cake? A. It tasted terrible. B. It was perfect. C. It was just so-so. 2. What does the woman think of the trip? A. It was perfect. B. It could be improved. C. It was unsuitable for the old. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. At a supermarket. C. At a restaurant. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A football player. B. A football team. C. A football match. 5. What do we know about the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She missed the promotion details. C. She misunderstood the sign on the shelf. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. How did the woman get the band’s telephone number? A. At a concert. B. From a member. C. On the Internet. 7. What does the man ask the woman about regarding the performance? A. The date. B. The location. C. The length. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What can we learn about the man’s company? A. It is quite famous. B. It is rapidly developing. C. It is newly established. 9. What can the woman find on the brochure’s second page? A. The company overview. B. The marketing strategy. C. The product introduction. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What makes Charlotte want to learn Tourism? A. Her fondness. B. Her career plan. C. Her parents’ wishes. 11. What does Dr. Twain suggest Charlotte do? A. Change her major. B. Chat with her parents. C. Find a job. 12. What is Charlotte’s advantage in the tourism field? A. Communication skills. B. Language talent. C. Time management ability. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. Who is probably the man? A. A housekeeper. B. A professor. C. An administrator. 14. What contributes most to Martina’s decision to move? A. The distance from the university. B. Conflicts with roommates. C. The landlady’s strict rules. 15. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a term. B. In the middle of a term. C. At the end of a term. 16. What will the man do next? A. Check Martina’s information. B. Show Martina around. C. Call the landlady. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What prize will the winner get from the contest this time? A. A signed book. B. A membership card. C. A computer. 18. What kind of stories are expected? A. Ones set in the future. B. Ones about daily life. C. Ones over 1,500 words. 19. How should the participants send their entries? A. By email. B. In person. C. By post. 20. What month is it now? A. January. B. February. C. March. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL) is a competition for pre-university students, held in a different country each year since 2003. It challenges participants, both individually and in teams, to solve linguistic (语言学的) puzzles. To compete at the IOL, no special knowledge is required, only basic language concepts, logic, patience, and creative thinking. Try this beginner sample to see if the IOL is right for you. A Puzzle The names of some South American countries are written in Georgian (格鲁吉亚语) with their English translations: Brazil Peru Uruguay Q: What is the English name of this country “”? The Solution ●The Georgian forms of “Peru” and “Uruguay” have the same number of letters as their English names, showing a direct letter match. ●The repeated U in “Uruguay” further confirms Georgian is written left-to-right. ●“Brazil” has fewer letters than the Georgian version, but thanks to the two other names, we already know: →R, →A, →G, →E. ●With these letters, the pattern can be translated as “A R G E _ _ _ _ A, ” which is “Argentina. ” Contest Rules ● Each individual contestant or team must choose a working language for their problems and solutions, a choice that cannot be changed less than two weeks before the Olympiad begins. ● The individual contest involves solving five problems in six hours, whereas the team contest features one problem with two hours less. ● Unless instructed, giving multiple answers will receive zero marks. Besides, a detailed explanation is required for each answer; failure to provide one will result in a lower score. Awards The team contest will award up to one gold, two silver, and three bronze medals. In the individual contest, the number of gold, silver, and bronze medals awarded shall be in the ratio 1: 2: 3, with the total number of medals being between one quarter and one third of the contestants. Click here to find out other awards. 1. Which is essential to solve the sample puzzle? A. Linguistic fluency. B. Reasoning ability. C. Geographic knowledge. D. Mathematical calculation. 2. What is different about the rules for the individual and team contest? A. The duration of the competition. B. The deadline for language choice. C. The result of giving multiple answers. D. The requirement for answer explanations. 3. If there are 240 individual contestants, how many medals could be awarded in total? A. 40. B. 54. C. 72. D. 84. B Seven children line up, awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s outskirts, a garbage-site-turned-park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli, who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck.” Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy”: the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to reclaim abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 4. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 5. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 6. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Confidence. 7. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. C Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century. Male chingolos learn their unique, two-second melody from adult males. “It is a distinctive song — like a fingerprint, but learned,” says one of the researchers. “It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” However, urbanization and habitat loss have broken this learning chain, causing local song “dialects” to disappear. Driven by this problem, researchers took on a pioneering task: bringing back a song that had disappeared from the wild — known only from a musical record made in the 1960s — to a population of chingolos. Using physics-based modeling of the bird’s vocal tract (声道) , the team first created an accurate artificial version of the lost song. They then engineered this model into a physical device designed to broadcast the forgotten melody — a “robotic tutor.” This artificial song was introduced to the chingolos in the park during their critical learning period from October to February. The sessions took place during peak singing hours and were limited to a maximum of eight hours. There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. The results were impressive. Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. “This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity,” says another researcher. The team is now developing AI systems to automatically identify individual bird songs and planning to study cultural spread in bird populations to ensure that bird culture is not lost again. 8. Why did the researchers teach the birds the song? A. To save an endangered species. B. To study the birds’ brain structure. C. To develop new robotic devices. D. To preserve the birds’ cultural heritage. 9. What is a role of chingolos’ song? A. It keeps hunters away from them. B. It helps them adapt to urban growth. C. It functions as their social identity. D. It makes them remember their habitat. 10. What is the purpose of the random pauses? A. To protect the birds’ vocal tract. B. To test the birds’ reaction speed. C. To push the birds to catch the beat. D. To trick the birds into interaction. 11. What can we learn from chingolos’ learning results? A. The song has spread to other bird species. B. Their singing shows special vocal features. C. Their response to the song needs improving. D. The effectiveness depends on their population. D Secret codes (密码) once thought impossible to crack now face a challenge from quantum computers. Luckily, to protect information, physicists have developed a theoretically foolproof system called device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) , which uses entangled quantum particles (纠缠态量子粒子) to fix weak points in existing methods. Now, a team in China has demonstrated the technique in real city conditions, an advance that could clear the way for a secure quantum internet in which trust is taken for granted. Most cryptography (密码学) works by encrypting messages with a secret code that requires a special key to decode. The challenge lies in making sure the key can’t be decoded when sent. For instance, the keys in one popular encryption scheme are based on the prime factors of large numbers, which take enormous effort to crack. But such calculations could be quick work for the large quantum computers. QKD offers a solution, but it has a weakness: hardware must be perfect. DI-QKD removes the need for trust in the hardware, by employing another feature of quantum mechanics — entanglement — which closely links properties of widely separated quantum particles. If the sender and receiver entangle a pair of particles across the network, they can each perform tests that confirm the particles’ properties are strongly linked, well beyond chance. After this “handshake”, they can be sure they’re the only ones on the channel. Then, other measurements on the entangled particles can establish a key, which can be shared with confidence that nobody can decode it. In 2022, a UK-based team managed to create and share a DI-QKD key for only about 2 meters. Now, Jianwei Pan and his colleagues have extended this to practically useful distances. After collecting data for 26 days, they showed they had the statistics to establish and share a key across 11 kilometers. The researchers also showed that in theory — and given about 23 years for data collection — they could have sent a key across 100 kilometers. Pan’s group now plans to explore ways to perform DI-QKD using satellites in space. 12. What is the advance made by Chinese scientists? A. They put forward a coding theory. B. They enhanced DI-QKD practicality. C. They set up the quantum internet. D. They discovered quantum entanglement. 13. The author explains the encryption principle by __________. A. providing a definition B. making a comparison C. giving an example D. citing a statement 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A. What entanglement is. B. How DI-QKD works. C. What prevents key sharing. D. How particles connect. 15. What is the limitation implied in the last paragraph? A. Long data collection time. B. Strict laboratory conditions. C. Unstable entangled particles. D. Heavy reliance on satellites. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, science fictions are becoming increasingly popular. Science fiction writers using their magical imagination create imaginary worlds that attract a great number of readers especially teenagers. But how can they make it so believable? ____16____ The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So you must be familiar with the scientific laws related to your creation. If you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. ____17____ Only in this way can you gain the readers’ trust. Then the rules in your creation can be different from our daily life, so you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. ____18____ For example, if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your characters can’t drown (溺水) in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3. ____19____ You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, as well as how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are creating a new real world for the readers. ____20____ They are able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it’s like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’ re actually there. A. And you have to follow them. B. You are inviting them to visit the new world. C. You have to get rich imagination to create science fictions. D. Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science. E. Characters in the imaginary worlds always have super power. F. Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one. G. Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分45分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 12, I was diagnosed with scoliosis, where the spine curves to the side. After the 8-hour operation, I spent three days in intensive care and a week in a general ward (病房), followed by being wheelchair-bound for six days, requiring full ____21____ for all activities of daily living. Even now, the period of recovery keeps ____22____ my mind. The paralysis (瘫痪) caused by my spinal injury seemed psychologically ____23____, and it was so ____24____ to put up with it. I couldn’t get out of bed or do anything for myself. I was filled with a sense of ____25____ for the entire experience — an emotion even I couldn’t understand or explain. It was my mother who ____26____ how I perceived both the surgery and its lasting influence. She was ____27____. She’d ask me if she could present it to people, and then she’d turn me around and say, “My daughter is a (n) ____28____ — you’ve got to check out her scar. Isn’t it a symbol of ____29____?” Gradually, it evolved into a ____30____ part of my identity rather than a source of shame and even became a powerful tool I now use to help others through their own ____31____. Since then, I have not ____32____ discussing my operation — even wearing a wedding dress that showed off the ____33____ when I married Jack Brooksbank in 2018. Now I am a mother of two, also sponsor of Horatio’s Garden, which helps to improve the ____34____ of patients having spinal surgery by giving them garden spaces to ____35____ occasionally. 21. A. rest B. assistance C. participation D. energy 22. A. changing B. concentrating C. crossing D. blowing 23. A. unique B. dependent C. disastrous D. random 24. A. eager B. complex C. ridiculous D. difficult 25. A. shame B. regret C. dignity D. anger 26. A. reshaped B. presumed C. calculated D. recognized 27. A. strict B. cautious C. considerate D. easy-going 28. A. artist B. superman C. operator D. patient 29. A. strength B. history C. love D. suffering 30. A. deserted B. revised C. valued D. destroyed 31. A. guilt B. training C. sympathy D. healing 32. A. got rid of B. put up with C. looked forward to D. backed away from 33. A. honor B. scar C. elegance D. spot 34. A. happiness B. status C. bonus D. right 35. A. extend B. deliver C. switch D. escape 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With Chinese online literature becoming a global cultural phenomenon, creators and providers are rapidly expanding overseas, acting as carriers of culture and helping writers from around the world get dream jobs. Online literature, which is believed ____36____ (gain) a significant foothold in the Chinese mainland in the 1990s, has grown into a global trend over the past two decades. Works in Chinese, whether ____37____ (release) online or published as physical books, ____38____ (enjoy) popularity worldwide now. The rise of online reading platforms ___39___ the development of localization ecosystems have significantly contributed to the global influence of Chinese online literature. It is now described as one of the world’s four major cultural ____40____ (phenomenon), alongside US Hollywood movies, Japanese animation and South Korean TV dramas. ____41____ (feature) great imagination, fascinating plots and compelling (扣人心弦的) stories, Chinese online literature has drawn readers from all over the world. The charm of Chinese online literature is boundless. “It breaks cultural barriers and resonates (引起共鸣) with readers worldwide. Themes like the ____42____ (pursue) of dreams and the fight for justice are ____43____ (universe), uniting people across cultures,” said Carlo Maria Rossi, ____44____ Italian fan of the popular Chinese web novel Lord of Mysteries. Currently, Chinese online literature is breaking new ground by focusing on the global co-creation of intellectual property (知识产权). Writers from different nations and regions are working together on the development of web novel IPs, ____45____ has further promoted its international spread. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵（recitation）比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，内容包括： 1. 说明比赛要求； 2. 请他推荐英文诗； 3. 请教朗诵技巧。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear George, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was supposed to be a perfect father-son biking adventure. Sixteen-year-old Tom and his dad had planned a 50-kilometer bike ride through the countryside to celebrate Tom’s birthday. The night before, Tom was so excited that he could barely sleep. His mind was full of images of the open road and the beautiful scenery they would encounter. Before leaving, Tom’s dad put on an old silver watch. It was a family treasure passed down from his grandpa. The watch’s glass was cracked, showing its long history, but it still kept time accurately, standing as a symbol of the family’s toughness. “This watch has seen its share of tough times, just like all of us,” his dad said, smiling at Tom. “But it keeps going, and so will we.” Tom nodded, feeling close to his dad when he looked at the watch. In the warm morning sun, they set off. Their backpacks were filled with water, energy-boosting snacks and a first-aid kit for any emergencies. Tom’s shiny red bike, which he had spent weeks cleaning and fixing, shone brightly in the sun. As they cycled along the country roads, the fresh smell of grass and wildflowers filled the air. Tom felt extremely happy and pedaled (踩踏板) even harder with excitement. However, as the morning passed, the sun gradually disappeared behind thick dark clouds. By noon, a cold and heavy rain started to fall. The dry dirt path quickly turned into a muddy mess. Tom’s legs, which had been moving smoothly just a few hours ago, now ached with every push of the pedals. He took a deep breath and tried to focus on the rhythm of his pedaling, trying to ignore the rain and the tiredness in his legs. Although they were wet and uncomfortable, they kept going. They were determined not to let the weather stop them. But when they turned a sharp corner, they saw a long, steep slope (斜坡). The rain was still pouring heavily, and the path ahead looked very slippery with mud sliding down. Tom’s heart sank, and he began to doubt himself. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As Tom hesitated, his dad placed a firm hand on his shoulder. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Gradually, the rain stopped and they arrived at the top of the mountain. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $