期末考之核心语法精练（湖南专用）2025-2026学年高一下英语核心知识点易错重难点考前特训（人教版必修二&三）

**基本信息** 聚焦高一下核心语法跨单元整合，通过单句、语境及语篇三层题型设计，系统强化非谓语动词、时态语态等语法点的综合应用，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|50题|基础语法点直接应用，考查词形变化与语法规则|核心语法点跨单元整合，从必修二到必修三递进覆盖| |完成句子|20题|语境翻译结合语法，需准确运用语法结构表达句意|非谓语动词（ing/过去分词/不定式）与时态语态关联| |语篇语法填空|20题|语篇中综合运用语法，强调上下文连贯与语法一致|语法知识从单句到语篇的应用拓展，体现逻辑推导过程|

考前特训 高一下（Book2-3）期末考之核心语法综合练习（人教版） 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元 核心语法点 单元 核心语法点 必修二 Unit 3 现在完成时的被动语态 必修三 Unit 1 动词-ing形式作定语、表语 必修二 Unit 4 过去分词的功能 必修三 Unit 2 现在分词作宾语补足语、状语 必修二 Unit 5 过去分词作状语 必修三 Unit 3 省略句 必修三 Unit 4 动词不定式作定语、状语 必修三 Unit 5 情态动词与过去将来时 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Immediately, Otto Lindenbrock got his things packed and went to Iceland, (force) his nephew Axel to go with him. 【答案】forcing 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：很快，Otto Lindenbrock收拾好了东西去了冰岛，逼迫他的侄子Axel跟着他。句子有谓语动词，故此处用force的非谓语形式，主语Otto Lindenbrock和force之间是主动关系，要用force的现在分词形式作状语，故填forcing。 2．As media channels (grow) in number and type, so have advertisements. 【答案】have grown 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长，广告也在增长。结合句子结构可知，空处动词在句子中作谓语；由后半句中的助动词have可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：has/have done，空前主语是复数，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have grown。 3．Finally , good journalists are committed to (reveal) the truth. 【答案】revealing 【详解】考查动名词做宾语。句意：最终，好的记者致力于揭露真相。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“致力于，承诺作某事”，表达为be committed to doing sth.，to为介词，后跟doing，故填revealing。 4． (base) on some facts, the man wrote this article about education. 【答案】Based 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：基于一些事实，这个人写了这篇关于教育的文章。设空处为非谓语动词，base on“使建立在……基础上”，和主语the man之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填Based。 5．Is it the first time in a year and a half that Sally (make) such great progress? 【答案】has made 【详解】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一年半以来Sally第一次取得如此大的进步吗？It is the first time that sb. have/has done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，主语Sally是单数，因此空格处是has made，故填has made。 6．I can’t wait ( see) how you do all the beautiful things you will do. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。句意：我迫不及待地想看看你是如何做这些美好的事情的。can’t wait to do sth.是固定短语，意为“迫不及待地想做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to see，故填to see。 7．By the 1920s, Carter (become) an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings 【答案】has become 【详解】考查时态。句意：到20世纪20年代，卡特已经成为一名探险家，寻找埃及国王的坟墓。根据时间状语By the 1920s可知，用现在完成时。主语Carter为单数，所以谓语动词用has。根据句意，故填has become。 8．I’d prefer (go) in summer rather than in winter. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我更愿意在夏天去，而不是在冬天去。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。故填to go。 9．The tree is estimated (be) at least 700 years old. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据估计，这棵树至少有700岁了。短语be estimated to do sth.表示“据估计”。故填to be。 10．Thanks to his hard work, he (promote) to General Manager in this company two years ago. 【答案】was promoted 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于他的努力工作，两年前他被提升为这家公司的总经理。根据时间状语two years ago可知，用一般过去时。主语he与promote之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was promoted。 11． (addict) to playing his mobile phone, he ignored my existence. 【答案】Addicted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：沉迷于玩手机，他忽视了我的存在。be addicted to沉迷于，为固定短语。本句为过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填 Addicted。 12．I am most upset (hear) that the teenager hasn’t recovered from the operation. 【答案】to hear 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：听说这个少年还没有从手术中恢复过来，我很难过。短语“be upset to do”，意为“对做某事感到难过”，故填to hear。 13．Last year, I had the opportunity (study) at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 【答案】to study 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国一所中学学习。本句谓语为had，此处为非谓语动词，句中opportunity常用不定式作为后置定语，本空用study“学习”的不定式。故填to study。 14．However, (learn) in English was a great challenge for me. 【答案】learning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，学习英语对我来说是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词was，空处需填动名词learning构成动名词短语作主语。故填learning。 15．A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 【答案】conducted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：旅游顾问网站对旅行者进行的一项研究将阳朔列为世界十大目的地之一。分析可知，设空处修饰名词A study作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，根据句意和提示，故填conducted。 16．It took years of work (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：减少工业污染和清洁水源需要多年的努力。It takes/took…to do sth.为固定句型，意思是“做某事花费（某人）多长时间”。所以此处填动词不定式。其中，it是形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语。故填to reduce。 17．During the early Games, only Greek men (allow) to participate. 【答案】were allowed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在早期的奥运会中，只有希腊男子被允许参加。结合句子结构可知，空处动词在句中作谓语；由空前时间状语“During the early Games”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；又因空前主语是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done；空前主语是复数men，所以空处be动词需用were。故填were allowed。 18．I hope we can do something to prevent some animals from (kill). 【答案】being killed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望我们能做些事情来防止一些动物被杀害。prevent...from doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，animals与kill之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being killed作宾语。故填being killed。 19．So far, nothing like this (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. 【答案】has been invented 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，这样的东西还没有被发明出来，我们离这样的发明还有很长的路要走。根据So far可知，本句为现在完成时，主语nothing 与invent为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been invented。 20．Learning a new language can (broad) our horizon (视野) . 【答案】broaden 【详解】考查动词原形。句意：学习新语言可以拓宽我们的视野。情态动词can后接动词原形，用动词形式broaden的原形。故填broaden。 21．You must make efforts (improve) your communication and problem-solving skills. 【答案】to improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须努力提高沟通和解决问题的能力。make efforts to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“努力做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to improve。 22．He appreciated (give) such a precious chance to make a presentation about his continuation writing in class. 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他很感激能有这样一个宝贵的机会在课堂上展示他的继续写作。分析句子可知，本句中使用了固定结构：appreciate doing 感激做某事；同时he和give之间为被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故填being given。 23．Mary is the only one of the girls who (praise) by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday. 【答案】was praised 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：玛丽是昨天会上唯一受到校长表扬的女孩。分析可知，所填动词为定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语“who”,即为先行词“the only one of the girls(女孩中唯一的一个)”，与动词“praise(表扬)”之间为被动关系，结合时间状语“yesterday”应是一般过去时的被动：was/were done；“the only one of the girls”为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was praised。 24．Friendship means (commit) to others. 【答案】being committed 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：友谊意味着奉献。短语be committed to表示“致力于，奉献”，此处为短语mean doing sth.。故填being committed。 25． (expose) to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to comprehend the local language. 【答案】Being exposed 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：接触外国文化对于我们学习当地的语言是有好处的。短语 be exposed to 意为接触，此处作主语应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Being exposed。 26．He asked the officials (concern) to put safety at the first place. 【答案】concerned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他要求相关官员把安全放在第一位。分析句子，空处修饰名词officials，concern表示“涉及”，与officials之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填concerned。 27．It is said that he narrowly escaped (kill) in the traffic accident the other day. 【答案】being killed 【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：据说他在前几天的那场交通事故中勉强死里逃生。escape doing sth逃脱做某事，动词kill和主语he之间是被动关系，故此处用动名词的被动式。故填being killed。 28．Many years after the book (publish), some people realized that the Shangri-la of the novel was a perfect match for Zhongdian in Yunnan Province, China. 【答案】was published/had been published 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在这本书出版多年后，一些人意识到小说中的香格里拉与中国云南的中甸是一个完美的匹配。根据主句时态可知，从句用一般过去时；从句动作publish发生在主句动作realize之前，所以也可以用过去完成时。句中主语book与publish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was published/had been published。 29．You should set goals (base) on your abilities and skills. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该根据自己的能力和技能设定目标。be based on根据； 以……为基准，在句中作定语，修饰名词goals，所以用过去分词形式。故填based。 30．We can use old pieces of cloth as brushes, or wrinkle the cloth together to （form） an interesting pattern. 【答案】form 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们可以用旧布做刷子，或者把布皱在一起形成一个有趣的图案。根据上文to可知为不定式做状语，故填form。 31．Canada is a broad and beautiful country (stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 【答案】stretching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：加拿大是一个广阔而美丽的国家，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。分析句子可知，空格处是定语成分，因country与stretch是主动关系，所以用现在分词，作定语。故填stretching。 32．With the (raise) of standards of this school, more and more parents are trying their best to send their children to study here. 【答案】raising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着这所学校标准的提高，越来越多的家长正竭尽全力把孩子送到这里学习。本空用raise“提高”的动名词，作With的宾语。故填raising。 33． (compare) with ordinary animals, cloned animals are not very healthy, they nearly always live brief and painful lives. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与普通动物相比，克隆动物并不是很健康，它们几乎总是过着短暂而痛苦的生活。句中已有谓语动词are，空处需填非谓语动词，设空动词与逻辑主语cloned animals之间为被动关系，填入过去分词compared作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。 34．Everyone has the chance (discover) a place of mystery and beauty in the south-west of China. 【答案】to discover 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都有机会在中国西南部发现一个神秘而美丽的地方。chance后常跟动词不定式做定语或宾语补足语。故填to discover。 35．My tutor recommended (put) the finishing touches to my essay and I did as he told me. 【答案】putting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的导师建议我为我的论文做最后的润色工作，于是我就按照他的指示去做了。固定短语recommend doing sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填putting。 36．If (breath) in, they can result in serious disease like lung cancer. 【答案】breathed 【详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：如果被吸入，它们会导致肺癌等严重疾病。此处是if引导的省略句，根据主句主语是they，时态是一般现在时，由句意可知从句的主语也是they，此处是省略了if从句的主语和be动词，即If (they are) breathed in。故填breathed。 37．A mother has a deep love for her children and does what she can (protect) them with her wisdom. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：母亲深爱着她的孩子，尽她所能用她的智慧来保护他们。分析句子结构可知protect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to protect。 38．In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears (flap) lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 【答案】flapping 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were eating，所以此处为独立主格结构作状语，flap和逻辑主语ears之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填flapping。 39．Our own personal genome carries all the information (need) to make us grow and develop. 【答案】needed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们个人的基因组携带着我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词carries，所以need应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是information，和need之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填needed。 40．If you think that treating a woman well means always (give) her permission for things, think again. 【答案】giving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你认为对一个女人好就意味着总是允许她做一些事情，那你得三思了。此处为短语mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。故填giving。 41．The mother can not (tolerance) his child's rude behavior. 【答案】tolerate 【详解】考查动词。句意：母亲不能容忍孩子的粗鲁行为。分析句子结构，此处谓语动词，根据前面有情态动词can，后面接动词原形，tolerate容忍，符合题意。故填tolerate。 42．The old man pulled on him all that he could (bring) him closer. 【答案】to bring 【详解】考查不定式。句意：老人用尽全身力气把他拉得更近一些。“all that he could”尽他所能，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to bring。 43．About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar (turn) up to his ears, hurried toward him. 【答案】turned 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：大约二十分钟后，一个穿着长大衣的高个子男人，衣领一直翻到耳朵，匆匆向他走来。分析句子可知，“with collar _____ up to his ears”为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“collar”和“turn”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“turn”的过去分词“turned”作宾补。故填turned。 44．Recent years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 【答案】have seen 【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来发生了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测情况还会更糟。由Recent years可知是过去某一时间到现在一直持续发生的事，应用现在完成时；本处是时间Recent years做主语，应用复数形式；主语与谓语之间是主动关系。故填have seen。 45．What he did deserved (punish). 【答案】to be punished/punishing/punishment(s) 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：他所做的应该受到惩罚。分析句子结构，此句为what引导的主语从句，在从句作did的宾语，谓语动词deserved 后接to be done/doing或名词作宾语。故填to be punished##punishing##punishment(s)。 46．If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage (lose) forever, please take action. 【答案】being lost 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果一想到我们不可替代的遗产将永远失去，你就像我一样心碎，请采取行动。此处作介词的宾语，且lose与heritage构成被动关系，应用being done形式。故填being lost。 47．When I found out that I (trick) by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. 【答案】had been tricked 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当我发现我被他骗了，我真的很伤心，放弃了我们的友谊。分析句子可知，“发现被骗”在前，“放弃友谊”在后，且“放弃友谊”在过去，“发现被骗”在过去的过去，用过去完成时，且I和trick构成被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been tricked。 48．Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, (cook) low and slow. 【答案】cooked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每当我感到孤独时，我都有一个永远不会失败的秘方：米饭、牛奶和糖，小火慢煮。分析句子结构和意思可知，非谓语动词cook和逻辑主语rice, milk and sugar是动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作状语。故填cooked。 49．He (speak) at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. 【答案】was going to speak 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：他本打算在会上发言，但他的心脏病发作阻止了他。根据句意及“but his heart attack prevented him”可知，此处指“他打算在会议上发言”，且表示过去发生的事情，故用过去将来时，结构为“was/were going to do”，主语He表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was going to speak。 50．When people think of factories, they think of clouds of dirty smoke or pipes (pour) chemical waste into rivers. 【答案】pouring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们想到工厂时，他们想到的是肮脏的烟雾或将化学废物排入河流的管道。分析句子结构可知pour在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语pipes构成主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填pouring。 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 这部新上映的科幻电影已经被全球数百万观众观看并给予了高度评价。 This newly released science fiction film _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ by millions of viewers worldwide and has received high praise. 【答案】has been watched and enjoyed 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句中"已经被观看"表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语film与watch之间为被动关系。故填 has been watched and enjoyed。 2. 被那幅挂在博物馆里的抽象画彻底搞糊涂了，我在那里站了将近十分钟试图理解它的含义。_______ _______ _______ _______ by the abstract painting hanging in the museum, I stood there for nearly ten minutes trying to understand its meaning. 【答案】Totally confused and puzzled 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句中"被搞糊涂"与主语I之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Totally confused and puzzled。 3. 坐在图书馆角落里安静阅读的那个女孩，是我们班上成绩最优秀的学生之一。 The girl _______ _______ _______ _______ in the corner of the library is one of the top students in our class. 【答案】sitting and reading quietly 【详解】考查动词-ing形式作定语。句中"安静阅读"修饰名词The girl，需用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填 sitting and reading quietly。 4. 对我来说，在寒冷的冬夜和家人围坐在一起吃火锅是最温馨幸福的时刻。 For me, _______ _______ _______ _______ with my family on cold winter nights is the warmest and happiest moment. 【答案】sitting around eating hotpot 【详解】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句中"围坐在一起吃火锅"作为句子的主语，需用动词-ing形式。故填 sitting around eating hotpot。 5. 刚才路过操场时，我看到体育老师正在严厉地批评那几个迟到早退的学生。 When I passed by the playground just now, I saw the PE teacher _______ _______ _______ at those students who were late and left early. 【答案】speaking very severely 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。see sb. doing sth.为固定结构，表示"看见某人正在做某事"，作宾语the PE teacher的补足语。故填 speaking very severely。 6. 每天早上坚持晨读英语半小时，李明的口语水平在短短三个月内就有了显著提高。 _______ _______ _______ _______ English for half an hour every morning, Li Ming's spoken English improved significantly in just three months. 【答案】Keeping on reading aloud 【详解】考查现在分词作状语。句中"坚持晨读"与主语Li Ming构成主动关系，需用现在分词短语作时间状语。故填 Keeping on reading aloud。 7. 虽然确实非常失望，但她还是微笑着接受了比赛失利的结果，并承诺下次会更加努力。 _______ _______ _______ _______, she still smiled and accepted the result of losing the match, promising to work harder next time. 【答案】Although very disappointed indeed 【详解】考查省略句。Although后省略了主语she和be动词was，完整形式为Although she was very disappointed indeed。故填 Although very disappointed indeed。 8. 如果今晚没有紧急情况发生，我们全家将按计划去市中心看那场期待已久的音乐会。 _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ tonight, our whole family will go to watch the long-awaited concert in the city centre as planned. 【答案】If no emergency happens suddenly 【详解】考查省略句。If后省略了主语there和be动词is，完整形式为If there is no emergency happening suddenly tonight。故填 If no emergency happens suddenly。 9. 我在下周的英语演讲比赛上有几个关于环境保护的深刻见解要和大家分享。 I have several profound insights about environmental protection _______ _______ _______ _______ at the English speech contest next week. 【答案】to share with everyone 【详解】考查动词不定式作定语。动词不定式to share with everyone作后置定语，修饰名词insights，表示"要和大家分享的见解"。故填 to share with everyone。 10. 为了在这次重要的物理竞赛中取得优异成绩，张华整个暑假都在实验室里刻苦钻研。 _______ _______ _______ _______ in this important physics competition, Zhang Hua worked hard in the laboratory throughout the summer vacation. 【答案】To achieve excellent results 【详解】考查动词不定式作状语。句首用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示"为了……"。故填 To achieve excellent results。 11. 你本应该在上周的班会上主动提出帮助那些学习有困难的同学，而不是袖手旁观。 You _______ _______ _______ offer to help those classmates who have difficulties in their studies at last week's class meeting, instead of just standing by and watching. 【答案】should have actively 【详解】考查情态动词。should have done表示"本应该做某事而实际上未做"，actively修饰动词offer。故填 should have actively。 12. 班主任昨天宣布，明天下午我们班将去参观市科技馆，亲身体验科学的魅力。 The head teacher announced yesterday that our class _______ _______ _______ _______ the City Science and Technology Museum tomorrow afternoon to experience the charm of science personally. 【答案】would go to visit 【详解】考查过去将来时。主句谓语announced为过去时，宾语从句需用过去将来时表示从过去看将要发生的动作。故填 would go to visit。 13. 被那部催人泪下的纪录片深深触动，许多观众纷纷在社交媒体上留言表达自己的感动之情。 _______ _______ _______ _______ by the tear-jerking documentary, many viewers left messages on social media to express their deep emotions. 【答案】Deeply touched and moved 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句中"被触动"与主语viewers之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Deeply touched and moved。 14. 堆放在教室后面角落里的那些旧书和杂志，需要尽快清理并分类处理。 Those old books and magazines _______ _______ _______ _______ in the back corner of the classroom need to be cleaned up and sorted out as soon as possible. 【答案】piled up and stacked 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句中"堆放"修饰名词books and magazines，且与pile、stack之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填 piled up and stacked。 15. 正在讲台上激情澎湃地发表演讲的那位教授，是国内外公认的量子物理学权威专家。 The professor ________ _______ _______ _______ passionately on the podium is an internationally recognized authoritative expert in quantum physics. 【答案】delivering a speech there 【详解】考查动词-ing形式作定语。句中"发表演讲"修饰名词The professor，需用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填 delivering a speech there。 16. 被岳阳楼那雄伟壮丽的建筑结构和深厚的人文底蕴所折服，这位历史学者决定专门撰写一部研究专著。 _______ _______ _______ _______ by the magnificent architectural structure and profound cultural heritage of Yueyang Tower, the historian decided to write a specialized research monograph. 【答案】Conquered and convinced thoroughly 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句中"被折服"与主语historian之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填 Conquered and convinced thoroughly。 17. 这些珍贵的实验数据已经被仔细核对过三遍，确保没有任何差错可以影响最终的研究结论。 These precious experimental data _______ _______ _______ _______ carefully three times to ensure no errors could affect the final research conclusion. 【答案】have been checked over 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句中"已经被核对"表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语data与check之间为被动关系。故填 have been checked over。 18. 为了赶上早班火车，我们不得不凌晨四点就起床，匆忙收拾行李赶往车站。 ________ _______ _______ _______ the early morning train, we had to get up at four o'clock in the morning and rush to pack our luggage to get to the station. 【答案】To catch up with 【详解】考查动词不定式作状语。句首用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示"为了……"。故填 To catch up with。 19. 刻在岳麓书院大门两侧石柱上的那副著名对联，激励着一代又一代的莘莘学子勤奋向学。 The famous couplet _______ _______ _______ _______ on the stone pillars on both sides of the main gate of Yuelu Academy has inspired generations of students to study diligently. 【答案】carved and inscribed beautifully 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句中"刻在……上"修饰名词couplet，且与carve、inscribe之间为被动关系，需用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填 carved and inscribed beautifully。 20. 你本应该在昨天的面试中更加自信地展示你的专业技能和丰富经验，那样你很可能已经被录用了。 You ________ _______ _______ your professional skills and rich experience more confidently at yesterday's interview, and you would probably have been hired by now. 【答案】should have demonstrated 【详解】考查情态动词。should have done表示"本应该做某事而实际上未做"，demonstrated意为"展示"。故填 should have demonstrated。 二、语法填空：阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) Passage 1 Tao Xingzhi was a renowned Chinese 1 (educate) and reformer who devoted his life to promoting mass education in China, especially in rural areas, in the first half of the 20th century. He was opposed to following old rules and copying foreign ways and courageously 2 (improve) the existing education. He also suggested that 3 (female) attend schools. 4 this way, he created the new ideas of co-education for the first time in China. Tao’s idea “Life is Education” is different from Dewey’s idea of “Education is Life” 5 tends to treat education as a life. It emphasizes the value of __6_______________(diversity) forms of education and can extend education from subject materials to human life. Tao’s idea of “Society is School” was also 7 product of his reaction to Chinese rural reality. The village students could learn from experienced farmers outside the school. With no boundary between school and society, both teachers and students could learn from society as a whole, 8 (benefit) the entire society. Tao’s educational thought and practices 9 (influence) not only by Dewey but by the philosophy of Wang Yangming, a Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar during the Ming Dynasty. Tao even changed his original 10 (give) name Zhixing or “knowledge-action” into Xingzhi or “action-knowledge”, reflecting the catch-phrase of the Neo-Confucianism which implied that once knowledge (zhi) had been obtained, then action (xing) would be easy. 【答案】 1．educator 2．improved 3．females 4．In 5．that/which 6．diverse 7．a 8．benefiting 9．were influenced 10．given 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名教育家和改革家陶行知，他在20世纪上半叶致力于推动中国大众教育，特别是在农村地区，提出了“生活即教育”“社会即学校”等教育理念。 1．考查名词。句意：陶行知是中国著名的教育家和改革家，他在20世纪上半叶致力于推动中国大众教育，特别是在农村地区。根据句意和空格前形容词renowned可知，应填入名词educator作表语，意为“教育家”。故填educator。 2．考查时态。句意：他反对遵循旧规则和模仿外国方式，并勇敢地改进了现有的教育。improve(改进)作并列谓语，与主语He之间主动关系，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填improved。 3．考查名词。句意：他还建议女性上学。可数名词female在宾语从句中作主语，意为“女性”，结合句意，应用复数形式表泛指。故填females。 4．考查介词。句意：通过这种方式，他首次在中国创造了男女同校的新观念。in this way为固定短语，意为“通过这种方式”；句首单词首字母大写。故填In。 5．考查定语从句。句意：陶行知的“生活即教育”思想与杜威的“教育即生活”思想不同，后者倾向于将教育视为一种生活。“_____ tends to treat education as a life”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词idea，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或者which引导该从句。故填that/which。 6．考查形容词。句意：它强调了多样化教育形式的价值，可以将教育从学科材料扩展到人类生活。提示词修饰名词forms，用形容词diverse作定语，意为“多样化的”。故填diverse。 7．考查冠词。句意：陶行知“社会即学校”的思想也是他对中国农村现实反应的一种产物。product是可数名词单数形式，表示“一种产物”，应使用不定冠词修饰，且product发音以辅音音素开头，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：学校和社会之间没有界限，老师和学生都可以从整个社会学习，使整个社会受益。“(benefit) the entire society”作结果状语，benefit(使受益)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语(整个句子描述的事实)之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词表主动和自然而然的结果。故填benefiting。 9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：陶行知的教育思想和实践不仅受到杜威的影响，还受到明代中国新儒家学者王阳明的哲学的影响。influence(影响)是谓语动词，与主语Tao’s educational thought and practices之间是被动关系，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语是复数(思想和实践)，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填were influenced。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：陶行知甚至将自己原来的名字“知行”改为“行知”，反映了新儒家的流行语，即一旦获得了知识(知)，那么行动(行)就容易了。give(给)作定语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语名词name之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填given。 Passage 2 The origin of life is one of the most fundamental questions of mankind and one of the three greatest Origin Questions in the natural sciences. Recently, China 1 (official) launched its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, Tianwen-3, marking a significant step forward in planetary exploration. The mission, 2 (schedule) for launch in 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments _3_______________(employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine __4________________life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. Like Earth, Mars lies within 5 habitable zone of our solar system. Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist (湿润的) climate early in its history, 6 (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial (微生物的) life. The key to China’s MSR mission lies in identifying Martian materials most likely _7________________ (preserve) evidence of past or present life. To achieve 8 (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. This includes searching for areas on Mars rich 9 essential minerals, regions where liquid water was likely present in the planet’s early history, 10 sites where traces of Martian microbial activity could potentially be preserved for billions of years. 【答案】 1．officially 2．scheduled 3．will be employed 4．whether 5．the 6．making 7．to preserve 8．ambitious 9．in 10．and 【导语】文章主要介绍了中国天问三号火星采样返回任务。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：近日，中国正式启动火星采样返回任务“天问三号”，标志着行星探测事业迈出重要一步。修饰动词launched，需用副词officially，作状语。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项任务计划于2028年发射，旨在将火星样本带回地球，地球上先进的实验室设备将被投入使用，开展全面分析，力求探明火星上是否曾经存在生命，或是如今仍有生命存在。mission与schedule为被动关系，用过去分词scheduled作后置定语。 3．考查动词时态语态。句意同上。instruments和employ是被动关系，且此处表示将要发生的事情，使用一般将来时的被动语态will be employed。 4．考查宾语从句。句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，且空后有or，表示“是否”应用连接词whether。 5．考查冠词。句意：和地球一样，火星处于太阳系宜居带范围内。habitable zone（宜居带）是特指的地理区域，特指名词短语前加定冠词the。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，火星在早期曾拥有浓厚的大气层与温暖湿润的气候，这使得它适宜微生物的诞生与繁衍。make与上文句子为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式making作结果状语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国火星采样返回任务的关键，是筛选出最有可能留存古今生命痕迹的火星物质。固定搭配 be likely to do sth.，意为“有可能做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to preserve。 8．考查形容词。句意：为实现这一宏伟的目标，中国科学家必须在火箭发射前开展大量研究。修饰名词goal，需用形容词ambitious，作定语。 9．考查介词。句意：工作包括：寻找火星上富含关键矿物的区域、远古时期可能存在液态水的地带，以及有望数十亿年留存火星微生物活动痕迹的地点。固定短语be rich in，表示 “富含……”，故空处填介词in。 10．考查连词。句意同上。本句列举三个并列的名词短语作宾语，并列成分之间用并列连词and连接。 1 / 1乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 高一下（Book2-3）期末考之核心语法综合练习（人教版） 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 单元 核心语法点 单元 核心语法点 必修二 Unit 3 现在完成时的被动语态 必修三 Unit 1 动词-ing形式作定语、表语 必修二 Unit 4 过去分词的功能 必修三 Unit 2 现在分词作宾语补足语、状语 必修二 Unit 5 过去分词作状语 必修三 Unit 3 省略句 必修三 Unit 4 动词不定式作定语、状语 必修三 Unit 5 情态动词与过去将来时 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Immediately, Otto Lindenbrock got his things packed and went to Iceland, ____________(force) his nephew Axel to go with him. 2．As media channels ____________(grow) in number and type, so have advertisements. 3．Finally , good journalists are committed to ____________ (reveal) the truth. 4．____________(base) on some facts, the man wrote this article about education. 5．Is it the first time in a year and a half that Sally ____________ (make) such great progress? 6．I can’t wait ____________ ( see) how you do all the beautiful things you will do. 7．By the 1920s, Carter____________(become) an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings 8．I’d prefer ____________ (go) in summer rather than in winter. 9．The tree is estimated ________________(be) at least 700 years old. 10．Thanks to his hard work, he ________________ (promote) to General Manager in this company two years ago. 11．__________(addict) to playing his mobile phone, he ignored my existence. 12．I am most upset ______________________(hear) that the teenager hasn’t recovered from the operation. 13．Last year, I had the opportunity ____________ (study) at a British secondary school as an exchange student. 14．However, __________ (learn) in English was a great challenge for me. 15．A study of travelers ____________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 16．It took years of work ____________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 17．During the early Games, only Greek men ____________(allow) to participate. 18．I hope we can do something to prevent some animals from ____________ (kill). 19．So far, nothing like this __________ (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. 20．Learning a new language can ____________ (broad) our horizon (视野) . 21．You must make efforts___________(improve) your communication and problem-solving skills. 22．He appreciated ____________ (give) such a precious chance to make a presentation about his continuation writing in class. 23．Mary is the only one of the girls who____________ (praise) by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday. 24．Friendship means ____________ (commit) to others. 25．_________ (expose) to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to comprehend the local language. 26．He asked the officials ______________ (concern) to put safety at the first place. 27．It is said that he narrowly escaped ________________ (kill) in the traffic accident the other day. 28．Many years after the book ________________ (publish), some people realized that the Shangri-la of the novel was a perfect match for Zhongdian in Yunnan Province, China. 29．You should set goals __________(base) on your abilities and skills. 30．We can use old pieces of cloth as brushes, or wrinkle the cloth together to __________（form） an interesting pattern. 31．Canada is a broad and beautiful country____________(stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 32．With the __________ (raise) of standards of this school, more and more parents are trying their best to send their children to study here. 33．____________ (compare) with ordinary animals, cloned animals are not very healthy, they nearly always live brief and painful lives. 34．Everyone has the chance ________________ (discover) a place of mystery and beauty in the south-west of China. 35．My tutor recommended ____________ (put) the finishing touches to my essay and I did as he told me. 36．If ________________ (breath) in, they can result in serious disease like lung cancer. 37．A mother has a deep love for her children and does what she can ______________ (protect) them with her wisdom. 38．In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears ________________ (flap) lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 39．Our own personal genome carries all the information __________ (need) to make us grow and develop. 40．If you think that treating a woman well means always ____________ (give) her permission for things, think again. 41．The mother can not ____________(tolerance) his child's rude behavior. 42．The old man pulled on him all that he could ________________(bring) him closer. 43．About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar ______________ (turn) up to his ears, hurried toward him. 44．Recent years __________________________ (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 45．What he did deserved____________ (punish). 46．If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage ________________(lose) forever, please take action. 47．When I found out that I __________ (trick) by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. 48．Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, __________(cook) low and slow. 49．He ____________________ (speak) at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. 50．When people think of factories, they think of clouds of dirty smoke or pipes ____________ (pour) chemical waste into rivers. 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 这部新上映的科幻电影已经被全球数百万观众观看并给予了高度评价。 This newly released science fiction film _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ by millions of viewers worldwide and has received high praise. 2. 被那幅挂在博物馆里的抽象画彻底搞糊涂了，我在那里站了将近十分钟试图理解它的含义。_______ _______ _______ _______ by the abstract painting hanging in the museum, I stood there for nearly ten minutes trying to understand its meaning. 3. 坐在图书馆角落里安静阅读的那个女孩，是我们班上成绩最优秀的学生之一。 The girl _______ _______ _______ _______ in the corner of the library is one of the top students in our class. 4. 对我来说，在寒冷的冬夜和家人围坐在一起吃火锅是最温馨幸福的时刻。 For me, _______ _______ _______ _______ with my family on cold winter nights is the warmest and happiest moment. 5. 刚才路过操场时，我看到体育老师正在严厉地批评那几个迟到早退的学生。 When I passed by the playground just now, I saw the PE teacher _______ _______ _______ at those students who were late and left early. 6. 每天早上坚持晨读英语半小时，李明的口语水平在短短三个月内就有了显著提高。 _______ _______ _______ _______ English for half an hour every morning, Li Ming's spoken English improved significantly in just three months. 7. 虽然确实非常失望，但她还是微笑着接受了比赛失利的结果，并承诺下次会更加努力。 _______ _______ _______ _______, she still smiled and accepted the result of losing the match, promising to work harder next time. 8. 如果今晚没有紧急情况发生，我们全家将按计划去市中心看那场期待已久的音乐会。 _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ tonight, our whole family will go to watch the long-awaited concert in the city centre as planned. 9. 我在下周的英语演讲比赛上有几个关于环境保护的深刻见解要和大家分享。 I have several profound insights about environmental protection _______ _______ _______ _______ at the English speech contest next week. 10. 为了在这次重要的物理竞赛中取得优异成绩，张华整个暑假都在实验室里刻苦钻研。 _______ _______ _______ _______ in this important physics competition, Zhang Hua worked hard in the laboratory throughout the summer vacation. 11. 你本应该在上周的班会上主动提出帮助那些学习有困难的同学，而不是袖手旁观。 You _______ _______ _______ offer to help those classmates who have difficulties in their studies at last week's class meeting, instead of just standing by and watching. 12. 班主任昨天宣布，明天下午我们班将去参观市科技馆，亲身体验科学的魅力。 The head teacher announced yesterday that our class _______ _______ _______ _______ the City Science and Technology Museum tomorrow afternoon to experience the charm of science personally. 13. 被那部催人泪下的纪录片深深触动，许多观众纷纷在社交媒体上留言表达自己的感动之情。 _______ _______ _______ _______ by the tear-jerking documentary, many viewers left messages on social media to express their deep emotions. 14. 堆放在教室后面角落里的那些旧书和杂志，需要尽快清理并分类处理。 Those old books and magazines _______ _______ _______ _______ in the back corner of the classroom need to be cleaned up and sorted out as soon as possible. 15. 正在讲台上激情澎湃地发表演讲的那位教授，是国内外公认的量子物理学权威专家。 The professor ________ _______ _______ _______ passionately on the podium is an internationally recognized authoritative expert in quantum physics. 16. 被岳阳楼那雄伟壮丽的建筑结构和深厚的人文底蕴所折服，这位历史学者决定专门撰写一部研究专著。 _______ _______ _______ _______ by the magnificent architectural structure and profound cultural heritage of Yueyang Tower, the historian decided to write a specialized research monograph. 17. 这些珍贵的实验数据已经被仔细核对过三遍，确保没有任何差错可以影响最终的研究结论。 These precious experimental data _______ _______ _______ _______ carefully three times to ensure no errors could affect the final research conclusion. 18. 为了赶上早班火车，我们不得不凌晨四点就起床，匆忙收拾行李赶往车站。 ________ _______ _______ _______ the early morning train, we had to get up at four o'clock in the morning and rush to pack our luggage to get to the station. 19. 刻在岳麓书院大门两侧石柱上的那副著名对联，激励着一代又一代的莘莘学子勤奋向学。 The famous couplet _______ _______ _______ _______ on the stone pillars on both sides of the main gate of Yuelu Academy has inspired generations of students to study diligently. 20. 你本应该在昨天的面试中更加自信地展示你的专业技能和丰富经验，那样你很可能已经被录用了。 You ________ _______ _______ your professional skills and rich experience more confidently at yesterday's interview, and you would probably have been hired by now. 二、语法填空：阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) Passage 1 Tao Xingzhi was a renowned Chinese __1______________ (educate) and reformer who devoted his life to promoting mass education in China, especially in rural areas, in the first half of the 20th century. He was opposed to following old rules and copying foreign ways and courageously ___2_____________ (improve) the existing education. He also suggested that ________3________ (female) attend schools. __4_____________ this way, he created the new ideas of co-education for the first time in China. Tao’s idea “Life is Education” is different from Dewey’s idea of “Education is Life” ________5________ tends to treat education as a life. It emphasizes the value of __6_______________(diversity) forms of education and can extend education from subject materials to human life. Tao’s idea of “Society is School” was also _7_______________ product of his reaction to Chinese rural reality. The village students could learn from experienced farmers outside the school. With no boundary between school and society, both teachers and students could learn from society as a whole, ________8________ (benefit) the entire society. Tao’s educational thought and practices __9______________ (influence) not only by Dewey but by the philosophy of Wang Yangming, a Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar during the Ming Dynasty. Tao even changed his original ___10_____________ (give) name Zhixing or “knowledge-action” into Xingzhi or “action-knowledge”, reflecting the catch-phrase of the Neo-Confucianism which implied that once knowledge (zhi) had been obtained, then action (xing) would be easy. Passage 2 The origin of life is one of the most fundamental questions of mankind and one of the three greatest Origin Questions in the natural sciences. Recently, China _1_______________ (official) launched its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, Tianwen-3, marking a significant step forward in planetary exploration. The mission, __2_____________ (schedule) for launch in 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments _3_______________(employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine __4________________life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. Like Earth, Mars lies within __5______________ habitable zone of our solar system. Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist (湿润的) climate early in its history, __6_____________ (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial (微生物的) life. The key to China’s MSR mission lies in identifying Martian materials most likely _7________________ (preserve) evidence of past or present life. To achieve___8___________ (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. This includes searching for areas on Mars rich ___9_____________ essential minerals, regions where liquid water was likely present in the planet’s early history, __10______________ sites where traces of Martian microbial activity could potentially be preserved for billions of years. 6 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $