Unit4 Space Exploration Words and Expressions 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦新人教必修三Unit 4航天科技主题词汇及用法，通过词汇关联如astronomy-astrophysics-taikonaut，词根词缀如determine-determination，短语搭配如launch a rocket等搭建学习支架，连接基础词汇与拓展应用。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质，通过clever-wise-intelligent辨析、sink-float对比等培养学生语言理解与分析能力，结合2022全国新I卷真题练习提升应试思维。采用词根总结与场景应用结合的教学方法，助力学生系统掌握词汇，也为教师提供丰富教学资源，提高课堂效率。

Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 4 astronaut n. 宇航员 太空人 astronomy n. [U]天文学 astrophysics n. [U]天体物理学 taikonaut procedure [prəˈsiːʤə] n. 程序 步骤 the procedure for [doing] sth. 某事的程序/步骤/手续 mental adj. 精神的 思想的 physical adj. 身体的 physical and mental wellbeing 身心健康 cm (centimeter) n. 厘米 一厘米等于10毫米。 One centimeter is equal to 10 millimetres. meter 米 millimeter 毫米 kilometer 千米 mile 英里 foot 英尺 inch 英寸 intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt] adj. 有智慧的 聪明的 artificial intelligence 人工智能(AI) unintelligent adj. 不聪明的 愚笨的 intelligence n.才智 智力 情报 He is wise.（有智慧/成熟） He is clever.（机灵/反应快） He is intelligent.（智商高） rocket n. 火箭；火箭弹 send/launch a rocket发射火箭 House prices in the north are rocketing/skyrocketing. v. 激增 飙升 gravity n. 重力 引力 in zero gravity 在失重状态下 without gravity 没有重力 frontier n. 边境 国界；边远地区 《阿凡达：潘多拉边境》 vehicle n. 交通工具 车辆 determine [dɪˈtɜːmɪn] v. 查明 确定; 决定 a determined look determine on/upon sth ≈ decide on / make up one’s mind on 决定/决心做某事 determine to do 决定/做某事 (动作) be determined to do 下定决心做某事(状态) make up one’s mind to do determine that 决定… with determination坚决地 determination n. 决心 determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的 1. She’s sure to get the job she wants — she’s a very ___________ (determine) person. 2. He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a _____________ (determine) to achieve.（2009 陕西） 3. Black holes can not be seen directly, so ___________ (determine) the number of them is very difficult. 4. They have determined _______ going to the countryside after graduation. 5. Sports teach us to accept failures and face challenges with____________. 6. (2022年全国新I读后续写)决心要参加赛跑，他坚定地点了点头。 ____________(determine) to take part in the race, he nodded firmly. determined determination determining Determined on/upon determination satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星 launch a rocket发射火箭🚀 launch a satellite发射卫星 launch a product推出产品📦 launch a new app发布新应用 launch a campaign发起活动/宣传 launch an initiative发起倡议 launch an attack发动攻击 launch a ship 使船下水🚢 launch [lɔːntʃ] vt./n. 发射；发起；上市 She launched her career as an actress. 她开启了自己的演员生涯。 ①The enemy launched an attack again. ______________ ②The new model will be launched in July. ___________ ③China will launch another satellite into space. _______________ ④Without warning, the dog launched itself at me. And we fell down together. ________ ⑤He launched into a speech about new projects. __________ 发起(运动/攻击) 上市；推行 发射(火箭/卫星)=send (up) 猛扑 投入； 热情地做 orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道; 势力范围 vt.&vi.沿轨道运行 环绕…运行 enter lunar orbit 进入月球轨道 giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人 巨兽；伟人 巨头 大公司 a giant panda 大熊猫 an e-commerce giant 电商巨头 leap n. 跳跃；剧增 剧变 v. 跳过 跃过 leapt-leapt; leaped-leaped leap at=jump at抓住机会 Look before you leap. 三思而后行 jump/leap to the conclusion that… 匆忙下结论…; 贸然断定 to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another man-made adj. 人工的 人造的 a man-made satellite 人造卫星 mankind n. 人类 benefit mankind 造福人类 agency n. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 复数：___________ a travel agency 旅行社 agent n. 代理人 代理商 agencies transmit vt.&vi. 传输 发送 data n. [pl] 资料 数据 datum transmitter n. 传播者 发射台 transmission n. 传播 发射 transmit sth (from A) to B 把某物从A传播给B transmit information 传输信息 transmit diseases 传播疾病 on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 board the ship/plane 登船/登机 go on board 登上船/飞机/火车 board n. 板；董事会 v. 登上船（车、飞机等） aboard adv.& prep. 在船（车、飞机等）上 broad adj. 宽阔的 广泛的 粗略的 abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 spacecraft  /ˈspeɪskrɑːft / n.  航天器 宇宙飞船 [pl] spacecraft a manned/unmanned spacecraft 载人／无人驾驶的宇宙飞船 disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj. 失望的 沮丧的 be disappointed at/about/with sth 对某事感到失望 be disappointed in sb 对某人感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望 be disappointed that to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的/沮丧的 disappointment n.失望；沮丧 →___________ vt. 使...失望→____________ adj. 令人失望的 →________________ n.失望 disappoint disappointing disappointment 1. They were disappointed ____ the result of the game. 2. He was disappointed _______(see) that she wasn't at the party. 3. The ____________ news that he failed the exam made us very ___________. 4. To my ______________, they refused my request. 5. From the ____________ (disappoint) look, we knew that he lost the match. All of us are _____________ at the _____________ news, which is really a huge _______________ especially for the kids. (续写) 又失望又难过， 她忍不住捂着脸哭了起来。 _____________________, she could not help crying, burying her face in the hands. at to see disappointing disappointed disappointment Disappointed and sad desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)] n. 渴望 欲望 vt. 希望得到 想要 渴望 desire to do…=have a desire to do…渴望做某事 desire sth = have a desire for sth 渴望某物 desire sb to do…=desire that sb (should) do… 渴望/希望某人做 desirable adj. 值得拥有的 渴望获得的 令人向往的 to want sth, especially strongly 一个“坚持 敦促”（insist urge）； 两道“命令”（order，command）； 五条“建议”（ advise， suggest， recommend ，propose，advocate倡议） 五点“要求”（ask，demand，desire，request，require，urge） 主从、宾从和表从、同位语从句用虚拟语气： 谓语动词，用“should + 动词原形”，should 可省 I desire that you ___________(consider) my suggestion carefully. It is strongly desired that the law ___________(change) . His only desire was that she ___________(recover) soon. The desire that the experiment ___________(succeed) drove the scientists. universe n. 宇宙 universal adj.普遍的；共同的 universally adv. 全体地；一致地 It is universally acknowledged that ... 众所周知…… carry on 继续做 坚持干 carry on (with) sth 继续某事 carry on doing sth 继续做某事 carry out 实施 开展 carry through 完成 帮助……渡过难关 carry about 随身携带 carry sb back to sth 使某人回想起某事 independent [ˌɪndɪˈpendənt] adj. 独立的 自立的 be independent of 不依赖…；独立于…之外 get/gain independence (from) (从...)（取得）独立 depend on/upon... (=lean on =rely on) 依赖/取决于… depend on sb to do sth 依赖/指望某人做… depend/rely on it that... 相信/指望 it形宾，that引导宾从不省略 independence n.独立，自主 dependent adj. 依赖的 依靠的 dependence n.依赖 依靠 depend vi.依赖 依靠 see to it that… 务必；确保 take it for granted that… 认为… 理所当然 1. The country gained full independence _________ Britain in 1960, where people couldn't hide their excitement. 2. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be ____________. 3. When the delayed flight will take off depends much ____ the weather. from independent on spacewalk /ˈspeɪswɔːk/ n. 太空行走 太空行走的时间 jade /dʒeɪd / n. 玉 翠 玉器 jade rabbit jade emperor Jade Dragon Snow Mountain module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n. 舱；组件；模块  course module 课程模块 lunar module 登月舱 signal [ˈsɪɡnəl] vt.&vi.标志着;标明;发信号 cn.信号；标志 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 send a signal 发出信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯 sign n.迹象，标志，指示牌 v.签名 sigh signature n. 署名；签名 signify v.表示；说明 ；预示 significant adj.显著的，重要的 significance n.重要性 意义 in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望 in the hope that 抱着……的希望 in the hope of reaching the summit so as to do sth 为了做某事 in order to do sth 为了做某事 so as to (do sth) 为了；以便 We went early so as to get good seats. 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。 In order to keep the environment clean, everyone should recycle and reduce waste. 为了保持环境清洁，每个人都应该回收并减少浪费。 recyclable adj. 可回收利用的 recycling n. [U]回收利用 循环使用 recycle [ˌriːˈsaɪkl] vt. 回收利用 再利用 recycled paper 再生纸 circle /ˈsɜːkl 圆；圈 bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪkl 自行车 uncle /ˈʌŋkl 叔叔；舅舅 article /ˈɑːtɪkl 文章；物品 vehicle /ˈviːəkl 交通工具 miracle /ˈmɪrəkl 奇迹 obstacle /ˈɒbstəkl 障碍 particle /ˈpɑːtɪkl 粒子 spectacle /ˈspektəkl 壮观景象 muscle [ˈmʌsl]  n. [C, U]肌肉 [U]实力 影响力 musical adj. 音乐的 n. 音乐剧 pull a muscle 拉伤肌肉 muscle memory [U]肌肉记忆 muscle tissue [U]肌肉组织 lack [læk] un.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有 缺乏 vi. 缺乏 不足 lack sth. vt. 缺乏…… lack for nothing vi. be lacking in 缺乏…… (a) lack of 缺少 for lack of 由于缺少… be rich in / be abundant in 富含某物或某物很充足 lacking adj. 缺乏的 没有的 不足的 ①Although 　　　　　　(lack) experience, he was still put in charge of the important project.  ②People have to drink enough water and 　　　lack of water can cause damage to the body.  ③He is not lacking　　 intelligence, but diligence. ④He _________________(缺少)courage to do the work.   ⑤_____________(缺少睡眠) could put the birds’ health at risk.   ⑥They did not close ___________(由于缺少)customers. lacking　 a in lacks/is lacking in Lack of sleep for lack of float vi. 浮动 漂流 漂浮 vt. 使浮动 使漂流 float away漂走；飘走；渐渐消失 a swim float 游泳浮具 otherwise /ˈʌðəwaɪz/  conj. 否则; 要不然 adv. 别样地 以另外的方式；除此之外 or otherwise = or else / or not 或其它情况 或相反 You'd better write it down, otherwise you'll forget it. 你最好把它写下来，否则你会忘了的。 He was slightly bruised but otherwise unhurt. 他除了一点青肿之外没有受伤。 Hand in your test papers, finished or otherwise (= or not finished). 把考卷交上来，不管做完没做完。 beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep. 在更远处；超出 be beyond sb 超出某人的理解能力 beyond one's reach=beyond the reach of sb 够不着 力所不及 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond compare 无与伦比 举世无双 beyond description 难以形容 beyond recognition 认不出来 beyond repair/control/imagination 无法修理/控制/相信/想象 1. The bicycle is _______________ （无法修理）. 2. We must _______________ （眼光放远）for signs of change. 3. The situation was ______________________ （超出她的控制）. 4. How people design computer games ____________ （我无法理解）. 5. He spent $500 on a bicycle — it’s ___________________（无法相信）! 6. From the top of the hill we could see our house and _________________ （远处的树林）. 7. Working out in the morning provides additional benefits _____________ ____________ （除了身体健康）. beyond belief beyond being physically fit beyond repair look beyond beyond her control the woods beyond is beyond me solar [ˈsəʊlə] adj. 太阳的 太阳能的 solar energy 太阳能 lunar calendar 农历 ● lunar adj.月亮的 月球的 current [ˈkʌrənt] adj. 当前的 现在的 n. [C]水/电/气流； [C]思潮 currently adv. 目前 现在 currency n. [C, U]货币 通货； [U]流通 an electrical current 电流 air currents 气流 ocean currents 洋流 go with/ against the current of the times 顺应/违背时代潮流 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. He swam to the shore against a strong current. ___________ 2. I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face. ___________ 3. I started my current job in 1994. ___________ 4. The other meaning of the word is still current. ___________ 5. He must sell the house for the current market value. ___________ 通用的 气流 现在的 水流 目/当前的 They figured it was better to stay where they were. _______ Can you read this figure? Is it a three or an eight? _______ He was one of the great figures of his age. _______ I’m dieting to keep my figure. ________ vt. 认为 n. 数字 n. 人物 n. 身材 break out 爆发;发生 bring out 使显出;出版 give out 分发;用完 come out 出版;结果是 make out 理解;弄清楚 watch out 当心;留神 turn out 生产;结果是 work out 锻炼;解决 try out 试验;测试 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算(数量或成本) 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment. ___________ 2. Allen needs to sit down and figure out how many people are coming. ___________ 3. We appreciate your apologies, but we that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter.（2014 辽宁）. ___________ 弄清楚； 弄明白 计算出 找出 sufficient [səˈfɪʃnt] adj. 足够的；充足的 be sufficient for 对……来说是足够的 be sufficient/enough to do sth. 足够做某事 self-sufficient adj. (食物)自给自足的 自立的 insufficient adj. 不充分的 不足的 sufficiency n. 足够 充分 soap n. 肥皂 soap opera 肥皂剧 a bar/piece of soap 一条/一块肥皂 towel n. 毛巾 抹布 bath towel [C]浴巾 paper towel 厚纸巾; kitchen paper microwave (oven) 微波炉 tissue n. [C, U]纸巾； [U](人、动植物细胞的)组织 muscle/brain/nerve tissue 肌肉、大脑、神经等组织 a box of tissues 一盒纸巾 facility n. [C]场所 [pl]设施 设备 shopping facilities 购物设施 sports/leisure facilities 体育 / 休闲设施 keen [kiːn] adj. 热衷的 渴望的 强烈的 敏锐的 be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事 be keen on (doing)sth. 热衷于 take /have a keen interest in 对……有兴趣 a keen eye for sth. 对某事物有敏锐的眼光 have a keen eye for talent 慧眼识才 ①He has always been very keen ____ doing physical exercises.  ②There is an increasing trend that today’s parents are keen _______(send) their children to the best schools.  ③Middle school is a crucial period when students may ___________________ advanced mathematics.  中学是学生可能对高等数学产生浓厚兴趣的关键时期。 on to send take a keen interest in globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪 global warming 全球变暖 global adj. 全球的 globalize v.全球化 globalization n.全球化 argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] vt.&vi. 论证 争辩 争论 argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人 争论某事 argue for/against 为支持/反对…而争辩 支持/不赞成 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事/ 不做 argue that 认为 have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/ 争吵 have an argument about/over sth. 为某事争论/ 争吵 特例 argument n. 争论 辩论 arguable adj. 可论证的 有人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。 Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. 1. They have argued __________ each other for years __________ the best way to grow potatoes. 2. I got into a heated ___________ (argue) with a friend. 3. When you present reasons why you believe in something, you argue ________ it. 4. The main argument ___________ smoking is that it’s bad for your health. with about / over for argument against fatal [ˈfeɪtl] adj. 致命的；灾难性的 fate n. 命运 a fatal accident 致命的事故 a fatal blow 致命的一击 a fatal illness 致命的疾病 a fatal flaw 致命的缺陷 shallow adj.浅的；肤浅的 shallowly adv. 浅浅地 shallowness n. 浅 肤浅 a shallow dish 浅盘 have a shallow understanding of…对…理解肤浅 result in 导致 造成 result in = lead to= bring about result from 由…造成；因…而产生 as a result /consequence=consequently 所以；结果(是) as a result of 由于=because of pattern ['pætərn] n. 模式;形式;模型;纸样;图案;花样 a sentence pattern 句型/式 set the pattern for 为…树立典范 changing patterns of behavior不断变化的行为模式 a pattern of dots 点状图案 analysis n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果 in the final/last analysis 归根到底；总之 ★复数：analyses basis-bases analyse /analyze v. 分析；解析 In the last analysis, what matters is not success but effort. high-end  /ˌhaɪˈend/ adj.  高端的 low-end 低端的 低档的（产品、市场） a low-end phone 低端手机 monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ n. 监视器 监测仪；班长 vt. 监视 监测 监控 gaming monitor 游戏显示器 电竞显示器 游戏屏 a TV monitor 电视显示器 monitor air quality 监测空气质量 regular [‘reɡjələr] adj. 定期的 经常的 正常的 有规律的 on a regular basis = regularly 定期地 regular meetings/visits 例行会议/访问 a regular visitor/customer 常客 老顾客 regularly adv.经常 定期地 irregular adj. 无规律的 foam 泡沫橡胶 泡沫 beer foam/head 啤酒泡沫 pillow n. 枕头 pillow fight枕头大战 smartphone n. 智能手机 resource n. [C]资源；财力；物力 source n. 源头；来源；根源 human resources 人力资源（HR） conserve natural resources 保护自然资源 limited adj. 有限的 limit... to... 把...限制在...范围 be limited to… 受限于…… There is a limit to … ……是有限度的 limited company 有限公司 a time/speed limit 时间/速度限制 limit v. 限制 限定 n. 限制 limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的 limitation n. 限制 控制 limited adj. 有限的 A person's life is____________ but serving the people is _____________ . I want to devote my limited life to serving the people__________________ . limited limitless limitlessly 介词填空 ①We set a limit _____ the expense of the trip. ②Keep ______ the limits of the school campus. ③Any driver found drinking ______ the limit will be charged. to beyond within provide for sb. 提供生活所需 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物 He provides emotional value for us. = He provides us with emotional value. ◎ _______ sth. to sb. = ________ sb. with sth. ◎ _______ sth. to sb. = ________ sb. sth. supply supply offer offer closing adj. 结尾的；结束的 in closing 最后 = at last= in the end= eventually In closing, it is beyond argument that living on the space station is worth it. 最后 / 总结来说；生活在空间站是值得的，这一点毋庸置疑。 In closing, it doesn’t seem a wise choice to live in a space station for a month. 总而言之，在空间站待一个月似乎并不是一个明智的决定。 mystery /ˈmɪst(ə)ri / n. 神秘事物 mysterious adj. 神秘的；不可思议的 (sth) run out vi. 用完；耗尽 (无被动) (sb) run out of sth 用完/光/尽 run across 偶遇sb 遇到(未曾预料的问题) run into (financial problems, a friend) 邂逅 遇到(问题 困难) run after (the ball, success)追赶 努力追求 run for (the bus，class monitor)奔跑追赶; 竞选 run through (the notes)快速浏览 过一遍 in the long run 从长远来看 When I was at the airport in Thailand, I happened to run into some Olympic athletes returning to Thailand. 我在泰国机场的时候，偶遇了回泰国的奥运会运动员。 run out 用完 耗尽 We will run out of the resources on earth. The resources on earth will run out. ________________ sth. sth _______ 用完了 sth give out 用完 耗尽 use up sth 用完 If a piece of equipment or part of the body gives out, it stops working. Resources they use up five times faster than they supply them. sb run out of run out exhaust [ɪɡˈzɔːst] vt. 使筋疲力尽 用完(资源、金钱、耐心) exhausted adj. 疲惫不堪的 exhausting adj. 令人疲惫的 exhaustion n. 精疲力竭 耗尽 1. The policemen are running ________ a prisoner who escaped last night. 2. If you travel alone in the forest, you may run ________ danger. 3. She ran __________ an old friend of hers on the way to the station. 4. Rescue efforts are still under way, but time is running __________. 5. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他吃力地朝终点线走去。 after into across out David was running out of his energy, but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids, he was struggling his way towards the finish line.　 attach [ə'tætʃ] vt. 系 绑 贴 attach...to...把…附在/固定在…上； 附加 添加 赋予意义/价值/重要性 attach importance to (doing) sth 重视… 对…产生依恋 attach oneself to 依附于 依恋 结交 参与到 【★be attached to 附/隶属于；依恋/附；喜欢】 attached adj. 附加的 依恋的 爱慕的 attachment n. 附件 附属品 Don’t attach yourself to those bad guys. 不要和那些坏人结交。 不要依附那些坏人。 不要跟那些坏人混在一起。 attach a photo to the application 在申请表中附上一张照片 1. Attach this rope _____ the front of the jeep. 2. Don’t forget to attach a recent photo ___ your application form. 别忘记把一张近照附在你的申请表上面。 3. The hospital/school ____________(附属于) that university. 4. We attach great ___________(important) to this research. 5. The longer the dog stayed with Ben, the more ___________(attach) to him it became. 6. Most gas stations have convenience stores __________(attach). to to is attached to importance 大多数加油站都附带便利店。 attached attached oxygen [ˈɒksɪdʒən]  n. [U]氧 氧气 take in oxygen 吸入氧气 a natural oxygen bar 天然氧吧 an oxygen mask氧气面罩 run out of oxygen用完氧气 $