2026届高考英语考前热身练习卷（广东专用）

**基本信息** 试卷以科技前沿（AI研究鲸鱼交流、医疗机器人）、生态保护（大堡礁志愿者、蚂蚁固碳）和文化传承（中国卤味）为情境，通过真实语篇考查语言能力、思维品质与文化意识，适配高考命题趋势。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/50分|细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意|采用大堡礁保护项目、Project CETI等真实情境，设题梯度从基础信息到推理判断| |语言运用|25题/30分|词汇辨析、语法填空、语篇连贯|完形填空以兔子跳花盆隐喻成长勇气，语法填空介绍中国卤味历史，渗透文化意识| |写作|2题/40分|应用文写作、故事续写|应用文要求介绍导游经历，续写围绕街头艺人自我接纳，培养表达与思维能力|

绝密★考试结束前 2026年高考考前热身卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Volunteer Program for Great Barrier Reef Conservation Australia might not be the first choice for overseas volunteering, yet it faces unique conservation challenges. Climate change and pollution threaten the Great Barrier Reef, which is home to more than 30 species of whales and dolphins, 1,500 kinds of fish and many endangered animals. Large areas of coral (珊瑚) have been dying off. Human activities also harm Australia’s wildlife by cutting down their habitats. GoEco’s program invites volunteers to protect the Great Barrier Reef, help its marine species and take practical action to preserve this wonderful natural environment for future generations. Program Highlights ● Dive and explore the world’s largest coral reef (礁) system. ● Work with professional marine experts and experienced guides. ● Suitable for both beginners and fully certified divers. Program Schedule Day Activities Day 1 (Sun) Arrive at Cairns Airport (CNS) and check into a hotel. Days 2 – 3 (Mon – Tue) Depart early for the Great Barrier Reef dive adventure. Days 4 – 6 (Wed – Fri) Take a ferry (渡船) to Fitzroy Island. Help with food preparation, tank cleaning and beach cleaning at the Turtle Rehabilitation Center. Days 7 – 8 (Sat – Sun) Join a well-known sustainable eco-tour. Days 9 (Mon) Program concludes. Departure for onward journey. What’s Included Shared hotel accommodation, three breakfasts, five lunches, two dinners during the program, plus professional guidance. What’s Not Included International flights, airport transfers, travel health insurance and visa fees (apply at least 6 weeks in advance). 1．What is the main purpose of GoEco’s program? A．To provide professional diving training. B．To explore Australia’s unique wildlife. C．To protect the Great Barrier Reef ecosystem. D．To study the impact of climate change on coral. 2．How long does the Great Barrier Reef dive adventure last? A．1 day. B．2 days. C．3 days. D．9 days. 3．What are volunteers expected to pay for themselves? A．Flights and visa fees. B．Diving equipment and tools. C．Hotel accommodation and meals. D．Professional guidance and training. B Scientists have known that sperm whales communicate through patterns of clicks known as codas. These sounds are not random. Instead, they form complex sequences that whales use when interacting with members of their family groups. Yet the real meaning of these signals has long remained a mystery. Hidden within the ocean’s depths is a communication system far more complicated than researchers once imagined. Many experts believe that such a system may even include something similar to a basic language, but no one has been able to fully figure it out so far. To solve this perennial puzzle, scientists have turned to AI for help. By feeding thousands of whale recordings into advanced computer models, scientists have begun to detect patterns that human ears alone could never recognize. Similar to the way large language models learn patterns in human speech, AI systems can analyze enormous collections of whale codas and identify repeating structures within them. In early experiments, these systems were able to predict the type of coda and even identify which whale produced it with remarkable accuracy. Inspired by these results, researchers launched Project CETI (Cetacean Translation Initiative), an international collaboration bringing together marine biologists, linguists, engineers and computer scientists to interpret the communication system of sperm whales. By combining underwater recording devices with powerful AI models, the team hopes to map the hidden structure of whale sounds and eventually understand how whales exchange information. If successful, the project could transform how humans understand animal intelligence. Not only might it reveal that whales possess a complicated communication system, but it could also show that language-like structures exist far beyond the human world. In this sense, AI may become more than a technological tool. Properly used, it could help humans listen, perhaps for the first time, to the voices of another species. 4．What can we learn about sperm whales’ codas from paragraph 1? A．They can only be heard in the deep ocean. B．They are simple signals for daily communication. C．They carry meanings that are waiting to be explained. D．They differ greatly from other sea animals’ sound patterns. 5．What does the underlined word “perennial” mean? A．long-standing B．wide-ranging C．far-reaching D．deep-rooted 6．What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A．The importance of large language models. B．The role AI plays in studying whale codas. C．The process of collecting whale recordings. D．The achievements in whale protection research. 7．What does the author say about Project CETI? A．It has solved the mystery of animal intelligence. B．It aims to make whale research a separate discipline. C．It may improve human understanding of animal language. D．It helps develop advanced underwater recording devices. C Modern surgery has gone from long incisions (切口) to tiny cuts guided by robots and AI. In the process, however, surgeons have lost something vital: the chance to feel inside the body directly. “We started 30 years ago with open surgery and using our fingers,” said Professor Alberto Arezzo from the University of Turin, Italy. “Then we moved into the era of keyhole surgery.” From the 1990s, keyhole surgery became increasingly common. Patients benefited from shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. But this came at the expense of physical touch. That matters because tumours (肿瘤) often feel different from healthy tissues — stiffer (僵硬的) or irregular — important differences that experienced hands can detect. A group of surgeons and engineers across Europe is now trying to bring back this vital aspect of surgery under the EU-funded project PALPABLE. They are developing a soft robotic “fingertip” that can sense tissue stiffness during keyhole and robotic surgery. By combining optical (光学的) sensing, soft robotics and AI, the team is designing a sensor that models after the way a fingertip presses and feels during surgery. It contains fibre-optic cables, each about the width of a human hair, implanted in a soft, flexible tip. When pressed against the tissue, the tip deforms and the light travelling through the fibers changes. Those tiny shifts in light intensity and wavelength are processed by AI, which then translates them into information about tissue stiffness to create a real-time sensory map. Instead of physical sensation, the surgeons see a color-coded visual representation of tissue stiffness on their monitor, allowing them to “see” what they can no longer feel. The team has built early light-based sensors and soft layers, with partners refining and developing functional films, and advancing softwares to visualize stiffness and sensory maps. The improved model has been tested in their own lab and will be validated in more lab tests before it is used on patients. 8．What is a limitation of keyhole surgery? A．Higher infection risk. B．Loss of physical touch. C．Slower patient recovery. D．Lack of technology use. 9．What technologies are integrated into the sensor? A．Fiber-optic cables and pressure detection. B．Pain management and flexible tips. C．Open surgeries and automatic monitoring. D．Light-based sensing and soft robotics. 10．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why force intensity must be mapped. B．Why surgeons need color-coded systems. C．How AI collects changing light signals. D．How pressure becomes a real-time image. 11．How is the project going? A．It has invented soft sensory films. B．It has moved into clinical trials. C．It has achieved accurate mapping. D．It has reached the experiment phase. D An ant that can turn carbon dioxide in the air into dolomite stone in its outer covering may hold clues to how humans can capture greenhouse gases to prevent climate disaster. Fungus-farming ants search for vegetation to feed fungi (真菌) grown inside their homes, which serve as their main food source. The large density of ants and fungi can result in high concentrations of CO2 inside the nests. In 2020, Cameron Currie at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his colleagues found that the ant species Acromyrmex echinatior puts a carbonate biomineral into its armour through a symbiotic (共生的) relationship with Pseudonocardia bacteria, which turn CO2 into rock using chemical processes that are not yet fully understood. Now the team has discovered that another fungus-farming ant Sericomyrmex amabilis from Central and South America can do the same without symbiotic bacteria, becoming the first known animal to have developed this ability. Remarkably, the mineral they make is dolomite, which is extremely difficult for chemists to produce in the lab. Dolomite rocks, such as those found in Italy’s Dolomite mountains, require millions of years and complex geological processes for calcium and magnesium atoms to line up perfectly. Yet the ants do this quickly and effortlessly, without high temperatures, says team member Hongjie Li of Zhejiang University in China. For fungus-farming ants, turning CO2 into stone solves two problems: strengthening the ants’ outer covering and preventing the build-up of toxic (有毒的) CO2 inside the colony. “We have discovered a natural system that has evolved, over millions of years, to reduce the toxic accumulation of atmospheric CO2 in an ant colony,” Currie says. In an effort to counteract global warming, scientists are exploring techniques for transforming atmospheric CO2 into carbonate minerals. “These ants are the first animal shown to be engaging in such a process, offering exciting potential as a model for human efforts,” says Currie. Cody Freas at the University of Toulouse, France, who wasn’t part of the study, describes the ants’ ability to turn CO2 into dolomite as a “remarkable adaptation.” “Individuals take on the role of living carbon scrubbers, turning atmospheric CO2 into a protective mineral armour,” he says. “This two-way solution both helps the ants control their nest atmosphere and create a bioengineered physical defence.” 12．What is the primary purpose of paragraph 2? A．To describe the diet of fungus-farming ants. B．To introduce a central problem that the ants face. C．To compare different species of fungus-farming ants. D．To prove that ant nests are harmful to the environment. 13．How is Sericomyrmex amabilis different from the other fungus-farming ant? A．It acts on its own. B．It eats special fungi. C．It lives underground. D．It works with bacteria. 14．Why does the author mention dolomite’s slow formation? A．To explain why dolomite is valuable. B．To show the ants have beaten nature. C．To highlight how efficient the ants are. D．To prove nature works better than labs. 15．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Tiny Ants: A Potential Solution to a Giant Problem B．Carbon Capture: Is Symbiotic Bacteria Our Only Hope? C．Dolomite: How Can Fungus-Farming Ants Make Rocks? D．Fungus-Farming Ants: A Surprisingly Complex Lifestyle 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone loves balloons, as they are often associated with a sense of ceremony. From birthdays to memorials, these colorful items remain popular. However, as their popularity grows, so does the concern for our planet. 16 . The biggest issue is that balloons are single-use plastics. Even those marketed as biodegradable (可降解的) often contain chemicals that prevent them from breaking down for years. Scientists have found that balloons are more likely to kill seabirds. 17 . These traps cause a slow death for animals by preventing them from eating properly. There is also a common misunderstanding that balloons simply disappear after flying away. In reality, their journey is far from over. 18 . For instance, a balloon launched in England was once found 10,000 miles away in Australia. Since their flight paths are uncontrollable, these balloons often end up on beaches or fields, remaining there for years. Beyond the problem of waste, the consumption of helium (氦气) in party balloons is being questioned. As a limited resource, Helium is essential for medical equipment, such as MRI scanners. 19 . Some scientists warn that using such a precious material for short-term fun is unwise and predict that future generations will find our current waste hard to believe. As awareness grows, many people are now calling for a complete ban on balloon releases. Nearly 100 UK local authorities have already made it illegal. To protect our environment, experts suggest choosing creative and sustainable alternatives. 20 . Perhaps it is time to find new ways to celebrate that truly make a positive difference. A．We can still mark special occasions with the same sense of joy. B．This is because their remaining pieces are often mistaken for food. C．We should reuse these plastic balloons for future party decorations. D．Once released, it escapes into the atmosphere and cannot be recovered. E．In many cases, these colorful objects break into small pieces and disappear. F．What is perceived as a beautiful release is actually a persistent threat to nature. G．Capable of traveling thousands of miles, they eventually land as waste in remote areas. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I was watering a tomato planter (花盆) when I spotted them — a bunch of newborn rabbits. Five tiny bodies gathered closely, 21 of the world around them. For two weeks, I watched them from a distance. At first, they stayed hidden under large leaves, their mother 22 occasionally. She was always 23 , watching from the edge of the yard, a frozen figure at dusk. She never approached while I was there, but her 24 was a constant, staring weight. One day, a rabbit was standing on the planter’s edge, unsure whether to jump or not. 25 , one by one, the rabbits leapt from the planter. Some 26 smoothly, while others fell. The last one 27 the longest, shaking slightly at the edge. I silently urged it on. You can do it! Then, it did. Watching them, I realized how much we like to believe life is built on 28 and control. Yet many of the experiences that shape us are leaps into the 29 . When I was younger, I thought courage meant being fearless. Now I know it means being afraid and 30 anyway. The rabbits did not leap because they felt safe. They leapt because staying put was not a/an 31 . Growth requires 32 . The leap is often where a new life 33 . We all live on the edge of our own planters. When the moment comes, I hope I remember that fear is not always a signal to 34 , but a sign that you are standing on the edge of something worth 35 . 21．A．unsure B．unaware C．fond D．tired 22．A．relaxing B．following C．appearing D．leaping 23．A．impatient B．careful C．curious D．ready 24．A．presence B．guidance C．silence D．defence 25．A．Obviously B．Fortunately C．Eventually D．Consequently 26．A．ran B．landed C．climbed D．escaped 27．A．hesitated B．anticipated C．searched D．doubted 28．A．fighting B．planning C．rushing D．dreaming 29．A．truth B．goal C．future D．unknown 30．A．moving forward B．giving up C．calming down D．looking back 31．A．excuse B．problem C．mistake D．option 32．A．motion B．passion C．stimulation D．dedication 33．A．lasts B．evolves C．begins D．exists 34．A．fail B．adapt C．withdraw D．reflect 35．A．staring at B．waiting for C．relying on D．stepping into 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Lu frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes. It 36 (original) meant salted water used for meat that’s boiled, and then served cold, and for vegetables. “Salt is the core 37 Lu, even more important than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 38 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 39 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming dynasty, 40 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 41 (attract) customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 42 (sell) cold for takeaway. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified, taking on the characteristics of each of China’s 43 (region) cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn (花椒) is put into Lu to add flavor and 44 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic: Zao Lu is 45 light one made from the fermented rice remains from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华，上周日你为来访的英国旅行团做了一天的英语导游员。请给你校英语报写一篇短文介绍此事，内容包括： （1）一天的活动； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There are few things worse than a busker (街头艺人) with something to prove, yet overlooking that self-acceptance mattered most. I met such a person. It was a warm Thursday afternoon in May. I was staying at a party hostel, a type of hotel designed primarily for young travelers, seeking a social, lively atmosphere rather than just a quiet place to sleep. It was mostly filled with people waiting for the night to begin. Some were reading, others, like me, were working remotely. Another group was sitting lazily on the sofas, quietly watching Shrek projected onto a small wall-mounted screen. For a brief moment in time, it seemed possible to live in harmony with strangers — before all was interrupted by a girl’s appearance. The girl, with golden hair, came in and settled herself among the movie-watchers. She pulled out a guitar and began her performance. To her, the room wasn’t full of travelers longing for peace and quiet. She didn’t see people napping (小憩), enjoying a movie or working. She saw an audience and considered it an opportunity to show her voice and prove she could sing well. She sang the song, “I’m a loser”, glancing at everyone in the hostel with the intention of hearing people’s words of praise. Maybe that was exactly why her voice sounded somewhat trembling. As for the audience, it was probably because her singing was so unsteady that none of them wanted to look up. As a result, meaningful eye contact was made with everyone, anyone except her, as they reached an unspoken agreement that to acknowledge her presence would be to encourage it. So as she sang, no one nodded along. When the song came to a close, nobody spoke or clapped. Finally, she sighed loudly, took a breath, and glanced at everyone with a disappointed look. It was at this moment that I looked up my head and met her eyes, which reminded me of my similar experience. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood up and came to her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After hearing my story, she fell into silence for a moment and picked up her guitar again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2026年高考考前热身卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Volunteer Program for Great Barrier Reef Conservation Australia might not be the first choice for overseas volunteering, yet it faces unique conservation challenges. Climate change and pollution threaten the Great Barrier Reef, which is home to more than 30 species of whales and dolphins, 1,500 kinds of fish and many endangered animals. Large areas of coral (珊瑚) have been dying off. Human activities also harm Australia’s wildlife by cutting down their habitats. GoEco’s program invites volunteers to protect the Great Barrier Reef, help its marine species and take practical action to preserve this wonderful natural environment for future generations. Program Highlights ● Dive and explore the world’s largest coral reef (礁) system. ● Work with professional marine experts and experienced guides. ● Suitable for both beginners and fully certified divers. Program Schedule Day Activities Day 1 (Sun) Arrive at Cairns Airport (CNS) and check into a hotel. Days 2 – 3 (Mon – Tue) Depart early for the Great Barrier Reef dive adventure. Days 4 – 6 (Wed – Fri) Take a ferry (渡船) to Fitzroy Island. Help with food preparation, tank cleaning and beach cleaning at the Turtle Rehabilitation Center. Days 7 – 8 (Sat – Sun) Join a well-known sustainable eco-tour. Days 9 (Mon) Program concludes. Departure for onward journey. What’s Included Shared hotel accommodation, three breakfasts, five lunches, two dinners during the program, plus professional guidance. What’s Not Included International flights, airport transfers, travel health insurance and visa fees (apply at least 6 weeks in advance). 1．What is the main purpose of GoEco’s program? A．To provide professional diving training. B．To explore Australia’s unique wildlife. C．To protect the Great Barrier Reef ecosystem. D．To study the impact of climate change on coral. 2．How long does the Great Barrier Reef dive adventure last? A．1 day. B．2 days. C．3 days. D．9 days. 3．What are volunteers expected to pay for themselves? A．Flights and visa fees. B．Diving equipment and tools. C．Hotel accommodation and meals. D．Professional guidance and training. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个名为GoEco的大堡礁保护志愿者项目，阐述了项目宗旨，并列出了项目的亮点、具体日程安排以及费用事项。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“GoEco’s program invites volunteers to protect the Great Barrier Reef, help its marine species and take practical action to preserve this wonderful natural environment for future generations. (GoEco项目邀请志愿者保护大堡礁，帮助其海洋物种，并采取实际行动为子孙后代保护这一绝妙的自然环境。)”可知，该项目的主要目的是保护大堡礁生态系统。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Program Schedule表格中“Days 2 – 3 (Mon – Tue) (第2—3天，即周一到周二)”对应的活动“Depart early for the Great Barrier Reef dive adventure. (早点出发去大堡礁潜水探险。)”可知，大堡礁潜水探险持续2天。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据What’s Not Included部分的“International flights, airport transfers, travel health insurance and visa fees (国际机票、机场接送、旅行健康保险以及签证费用)”可知，志愿者需要自行支付机票和签证费用。故选A项。 B Scientists have known that sperm whales communicate through patterns of clicks known as codas. These sounds are not random. Instead, they form complex sequences that whales use when interacting with members of their family groups. Yet the real meaning of these signals has long remained a mystery. Hidden within the ocean’s depths is a communication system far more complicated than researchers once imagined. Many experts believe that such a system may even include something similar to a basic language, but no one has been able to fully figure it out so far. To solve this perennial puzzle, scientists have turned to AI for help. By feeding thousands of whale recordings into advanced computer models, scientists have begun to detect patterns that human ears alone could never recognize. Similar to the way large language models learn patterns in human speech, AI systems can analyze enormous collections of whale codas and identify repeating structures within them. In early experiments, these systems were able to predict the type of coda and even identify which whale produced it with remarkable accuracy. Inspired by these results, researchers launched Project CETI (Cetacean Translation Initiative), an international collaboration bringing together marine biologists, linguists, engineers and computer scientists to interpret the communication system of sperm whales. By combining underwater recording devices with powerful AI models, the team hopes to map the hidden structure of whale sounds and eventually understand how whales exchange information. If successful, the project could transform how humans understand animal intelligence. Not only might it reveal that whales possess a complicated communication system, but it could also show that language-like structures exist far beyond the human world. In this sense, AI may become more than a technological tool. Properly used, it could help humans listen, perhaps for the first time, to the voices of another species. 4．What can we learn about sperm whales’ codas from paragraph 1? A．They can only be heard in the deep ocean. B．They are simple signals for daily communication. C．They carry meanings that are waiting to be explained. D．They differ greatly from other sea animals’ sound patterns. 5．What does the underlined word “perennial” mean? A．long-standing B．wide-ranging C．far-reaching D．deep-rooted 6．What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A．The importance of large language models. B．The role AI plays in studying whale codas. C．The process of collecting whale recordings. D．The achievements in whale protection research. 7．What does the author say about Project CETI? A．It has solved the mystery of animal intelligence. B．It aims to make whale research a separate discipline. C．It may improve human understanding of animal language. D．It helps develop advanced underwater recording devices. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 【导语】文章讲述了研究人员借助人工智能分析鲸类声音，并启动 CETI 项目，试图破解抹香鲸的交流系统，这一研究可能加深人类对动物语言与智力的理解。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet the real meaning of these signals has long remained a mystery.(然而这些信号的真正含义长期以来一直是个谜)”可知，抹香鲸的尾音承载着有待解读的含义。 5．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Many experts believe that such a system may even include something similar to a basic language, but no one has been able to fully figure it out so far.(许多专家认为，这样的系统甚至可能包含类似于基本语言的元素，但迄今为止还没有人能够完全弄清楚它)”可知，交流系统迄今为止还没有人能够完全弄清楚，说明这一问题是长期存在的。故划线词意思是“长期存在的”。 6．主旨大意题。根据第二段“To solve this perennial puzzle, scientists have turned to AI for help. By feeding thousands of whale recordings into advanced computer models, scientists have begun to detect patterns that human ears alone could never recognize. Similar to the way large language models learn patterns in human speech, AI systems can analyze enormous collections of whale codas and identify repeating structures within them. In early experiments, these systems were able to predict the type of coda and even identify which whale produced it with remarkable accuracy.(为了解决这一长期存在的难题，科学家们开始借助人工智能寻求帮助。他们将数千段鲸鱼的录音输入到先进的计算机模型中，从而开始发现人类耳朵无法识别的模式。类似于大型语言模型学习人类语言中的模式的方式，人工智能系统能够分析大量的鲸鱼叫声样本，并识别其中重复的结构。在早期的实验中，这些系统能够准确预测叫声的类型，并且能够相当准确地识别出发出这种叫声的是哪只鲸鱼)”可知，本段主要介绍人工智能在研究抹香鲸尾音中所起的作用。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“If successful, the project could transform how humans understand animal intelligence. Not only might it reveal that whales possess a complicated communication system, but it could also show that language-like structures exist far beyond the human world.(如果该项目取得成功，它将彻底改变人类对动物智力的认知方式。它不仅可能会揭示鲸鱼拥有复杂的交流系统，还可能表明类似语言的结构远远超出人类世界的范围)”可知，作者认为CETI项目可能提升人类对动物语言的理解。 C Modern surgery has gone from long incisions (切口) to tiny cuts guided by robots and AI. In the process, however, surgeons have lost something vital: the chance to feel inside the body directly. “We started 30 years ago with open surgery and using our fingers,” said Professor Alberto Arezzo from the University of Turin, Italy. “Then we moved into the era of keyhole surgery.” From the 1990s, keyhole surgery became increasingly common. Patients benefited from shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. But this came at the expense of physical touch. That matters because tumours (肿瘤) often feel different from healthy tissues — stiffer (僵硬的) or irregular — important differences that experienced hands can detect. A group of surgeons and engineers across Europe is now trying to bring back this vital aspect of surgery under the EU-funded project PALPABLE. They are developing a soft robotic “fingertip” that can sense tissue stiffness during keyhole and robotic surgery. By combining optical (光学的) sensing, soft robotics and AI, the team is designing a sensor that models after the way a fingertip presses and feels during surgery. It contains fibre-optic cables, each about the width of a human hair, implanted in a soft, flexible tip. When pressed against the tissue, the tip deforms and the light travelling through the fibers changes. Those tiny shifts in light intensity and wavelength are processed by AI, which then translates them into information about tissue stiffness to create a real-time sensory map. Instead of physical sensation, the surgeons see a color-coded visual representation of tissue stiffness on their monitor, allowing them to “see” what they can no longer feel. The team has built early light-based sensors and soft layers, with partners refining and developing functional films, and advancing softwares to visualize stiffness and sensory maps. The improved model has been tested in their own lab and will be validated in more lab tests before it is used on patients. 8．What is a limitation of keyhole surgery? A．Higher infection risk. B．Loss of physical touch. C．Slower patient recovery. D．Lack of technology use. 9．What technologies are integrated into the sensor? A．Fiber-optic cables and pressure detection. B．Pain management and flexible tips. C．Open surgeries and automatic monitoring. D．Light-based sensing and soft robotics. 10．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why force intensity must be mapped. B．Why surgeons need color-coded systems. C．How AI collects changing light signals. D．How pressure becomes a real-time image. 11．How is the project going? A．It has invented soft sensory films. B．It has moved into clinical trials. C．It has achieved accurate mapping. D．It has reached the experiment phase. 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．D 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代微创手术虽有优势，但让外科医生失去了直接触感，为此欧洲团队研发结合光学传感、柔性机器人与AI的触觉传感器，以恢复手术中的触感感知，并介绍了其工作原理与研发进展。 8．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“From the 1990s, keyhole surgery became increasingly common. Patients benefited from shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. But this came at the expense of physical touch.(从20世纪90年代开始，微创手术日益普及。患者住院时间更短、康复更快，从中获益良多。但这一切是以失去直接触感为代价的)” 可知，微创手术的局限性在于失去了直接的触感。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“By combining optical (光学的) sensing, soft robotics and AI, the team is designing a sensor that models after the way a fingertip presses and feels during surgery.(通过结合光学传感、柔性机器人技术和人工智能，该团队正在设计一种模拟手术中指尖按压和感知方式的传感器)” 可知，传感器融合了光学传感和柔性机器人技术。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。根据原文第五段“When pressed against the tissue, the tip deforms and the light travelling through the fibers changes. Those tiny shifts in light intensity and wavelength are processed by AI, which then translates them into information about tissue stiffness to create a real-time sensory map.(当探头按压在组织上时，顶端会发生形变，穿过光纤的光线也会随之变化。这些光强度和波长的微小变化由人工智能处理，再转化为组织硬度相关信息，从而生成实时感知图谱)”可知，本段主要说明了探头受到压力后，光线变化如何被AI处理并转化为实时的视觉图像。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“The improved model has been tested in their own lab and will be validated in more lab tests before it is used on patients.(改进后的模型已在他们自己的实验室进行了测试，并将在用于患者之前接受更多实验室测试验证)” 可知，该项目已经进入实验测试阶段。故选D。 D An ant that can turn carbon dioxide in the air into dolomite stone in its outer covering may hold clues to how humans can capture greenhouse gases to prevent climate disaster. Fungus-farming ants search for vegetation to feed fungi (真菌) grown inside their homes, which serve as their main food source. The large density of ants and fungi can result in high concentrations of CO2 inside the nests. In 2020, Cameron Currie at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his colleagues found that the ant species Acromyrmex echinatior puts a carbonate biomineral into its armour through a symbiotic (共生的) relationship with Pseudonocardia bacteria, which turn CO2 into rock using chemical processes that are not yet fully understood. Now the team has discovered that another fungus-farming ant Sericomyrmex amabilis from Central and South America can do the same without symbiotic bacteria, becoming the first known animal to have developed this ability. Remarkably, the mineral they make is dolomite, which is extremely difficult for chemists to produce in the lab. Dolomite rocks, such as those found in Italy’s Dolomite mountains, require millions of years and complex geological processes for calcium and magnesium atoms to line up perfectly. Yet the ants do this quickly and effortlessly, without high temperatures, says team member Hongjie Li of Zhejiang University in China. For fungus-farming ants, turning CO2 into stone solves two problems: strengthening the ants’ outer covering and preventing the build-up of toxic (有毒的) CO2 inside the colony. “We have discovered a natural system that has evolved, over millions of years, to reduce the toxic accumulation of atmospheric CO2 in an ant colony,” Currie says. In an effort to counteract global warming, scientists are exploring techniques for transforming atmospheric CO2 into carbonate minerals. “These ants are the first animal shown to be engaging in such a process, offering exciting potential as a model for human efforts,” says Currie. Cody Freas at the University of Toulouse, France, who wasn’t part of the study, describes the ants’ ability to turn CO2 into dolomite as a “remarkable adaptation.” “Individuals take on the role of living carbon scrubbers, turning atmospheric CO2 into a protective mineral armour,” he says. “This two-way solution both helps the ants control their nest atmosphere and create a bioengineered physical defence.” 12．What is the primary purpose of paragraph 2? A．To describe the diet of fungus-farming ants. B．To introduce a central problem that the ants face. C．To compare different species of fungus-farming ants. D．To prove that ant nests are harmful to the environment. 13．How is Sericomyrmex amabilis different from the other fungus-farming ant? A．It acts on its own. B．It eats special fungi. C．It lives underground. D．It works with bacteria. 14．Why does the author mention dolomite’s slow formation? A．To explain why dolomite is valuable. B．To show the ants have beaten nature. C．To highlight how efficient the ants are. D．To prove nature works better than labs. 15．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Tiny Ants: A Potential Solution to a Giant Problem B．Carbon Capture: Is Symbiotic Bacteria Our Only Hope? C．Dolomite: How Can Fungus-Farming Ants Make Rocks? D．Fungus-Farming Ants: A Surprisingly Complex Lifestyle 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了两种切叶蚁能将巢穴中的二氧化碳转化为白云石，用于强化自身外壳并减少有毒气体积累。其中一种蚂蚁无需共生细菌即可完成这一过程，为人类捕捉温室气体、应对气候变化提供了潜在的生物模型。 【详解】12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The large density of ants and fungi can result in high concentrations of CO2 inside the nests. (高密度的蚂蚁和真菌会导致巢穴内二氧化碳浓度升高。)”可知，蚂蚁和真菌的大量聚集会导致巢内二氧化碳浓度过高，这是一个需要解决的问题。因此，第二段的主要目的是介绍蚂蚁面临的核心问题。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 2020, Cameron Currie at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his colleagues found that the ant species Acromyrmex echinatior puts a carbonate biomineral into its armour through a symbiotic (共生的) relationship with Pseudonocardia bacteria, which turn CO2 into rock using chemical processes that are not yet fully understood. (2020年，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的卡梅隆·柯里及其同事发现，一种名为刺顶切叶蚁的蚂蚁通过与假诺卡氏菌的共生关系，将一种碳酸盐生物矿物融入其外壳中。这种细菌利用尚未完全被科学界理解的化学过程，将二氧化碳转化为岩石。)”以及第四段中“Now the team has discovered that another fungus-farming ant Sericomyrmex amabilis from Central and South America can do the same without symbiotic bacteria, becoming the first known animal to have developed this ability. (如今研究团队发现，中南美洲的另一种培菌蚁可爱丝切叶蚁无需依靠共生细菌就能完成同样转化，它也是目前已知首个进化出该项本领的动物。)”可知，可爱丝切叶蚁与其他真菌蚂蚁的不同之处在于它不需要细菌帮助，能独立完成这一过程。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dolomite rocks, such as those found in Italy’s Dolomite mountains, require millions of years and complex geological processes for calcium and magnesium atoms to line up perfectly. Yet the ants do this quickly and effortlessly, without high temperatures, says team member Hongjie Li of Zhejiang University in China. (像意大利多洛米蒂山脉中的白云岩，需要历经数百万年、经过复杂地质作用，钙原子与镁原子才能规整排列。而浙江大学的李宏杰研究员表示，蚂蚁无需高温，就能轻松快速完成这一过程。)”可知，作者提到白云石形成缓慢是为了与蚂蚁快速高效的能力形成对比，突出蚂蚁的效率之高。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据倒数第二段中““These ants are the first animal shown to be engaging in such a process, offering exciting potential as a model for human efforts,” says Currie. (柯里表示：“这类蚂蚁是目前首个被发现能完成该转化过程的动物，也为人类相关研究提供了极具价值的借鉴思路。”)”可知，全文围绕蚂蚁能将二氧化碳转化为白云石这一能力展开，最后两段明确指出这为人类应对全球变暖提供了潜在模型，A选项“Tiny Ants: A Potential Solution to a Giant Problem (小蚂蚁：大问题的潜在解决方案)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone loves balloons, as they are often associated with a sense of ceremony. From birthdays to memorials, these colorful items remain popular. However, as their popularity grows, so does the concern for our planet. 16 . The biggest issue is that balloons are single-use plastics. Even those marketed as biodegradable (可降解的) often contain chemicals that prevent them from breaking down for years. Scientists have found that balloons are more likely to kill seabirds. 17 . These traps cause a slow death for animals by preventing them from eating properly. There is also a common misunderstanding that balloons simply disappear after flying away. In reality, their journey is far from over. 18 . For instance, a balloon launched in England was once found 10,000 miles away in Australia. Since their flight paths are uncontrollable, these balloons often end up on beaches or fields, remaining there for years. Beyond the problem of waste, the consumption of helium (氦气) in party balloons is being questioned. As a limited resource, Helium is essential for medical equipment, such as MRI scanners. 19 . Some scientists warn that using such a precious material for short-term fun is unwise and predict that future generations will find our current waste hard to believe. As awareness grows, many people are now calling for a complete ban on balloon releases. Nearly 100 UK local authorities have already made it illegal. To protect our environment, experts suggest choosing creative and sustainable alternatives. 20 . Perhaps it is time to find new ways to celebrate that truly make a positive difference. A．We can still mark special occasions with the same sense of joy. B．This is because their remaining pieces are often mistaken for food. C．We should reuse these plastic balloons for future party decorations. D．Once released, it escapes into the atmosphere and cannot be recovered. E．In many cases, these colorful objects break into small pieces and disappear. F．What is perceived as a beautiful release is actually a persistent threat to nature. G．Capable of traveling thousands of miles, they eventually land as waste in remote areas. 【答案】16．F 17．B 18．G 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文介绍气球虽常用于各类仪式，但会带来诸多环境问题，包括塑料污染、危害海洋生物、消耗稀有氦资源等，最后呼吁使用环保替代方式庆祝特殊时刻。 【详解】16．上文“However, as their popularity grows, so does the concern for our planet.(然而随着气球越来越受欢迎，人们对地球环境的担忧也在增加。)”引出气球带来的环境隐患，选项F“What is perceived as a beautiful release is actually a persistent threat to nature.(看似美好的放飞行为，实则对自然构成长期威胁。)”承接上文，点明气球的危害，开启下文对具体问题的介绍。 17．上文“Scientists have found that balloons are more likely to kill seabirds.(科学家发现气球更容易导致海鸟死亡。)”提出气球危害海鸟的现象，选项B“This is because their remaining pieces are often mistaken for food.(这是因为气球碎片常被误当成食物。)”解释该现象的原因。 18．上文“In reality, their journey is far from over.(事实上，气球的旅程远未结束。)”说明气球飞走后不会消失，选项G“Capable of traveling thousands of miles, they eventually land as waste in remote areas.(它们能飞行数千英里，最终以垃圾形式落在偏远地区。)”承接上文，符合后文“For instance, a balloon launched in England was once found 10,000 miles away in Australia.(例如，在英国发射的一个气球曾经在10000英里外的澳大利亚被发现。)”的例子，进一步说明气球的远距离污染问题。 19．上文“As a limited resource, Helium is essential for medical equipment, such as MRI scanners.(氦气是有限资源，对核磁共振扫描仪等医疗设备至关重要。)”介绍氦气的稀缺与重要性，选项D“Once released, it escapes into the atmosphere and cannot be recovered.(一旦释放，它会进入大气且无法回收。)”解释用氦气充气球的浪费所在。 20．上文“To protect our environment, experts suggest choosing creative and sustainable alternatives.(为保护环境，专家建议选择有创意且可持续的替代方式。)”提出改用其他环保方式替代，选项A“We can still mark special occasions with the same sense of joy.(我们依旧可以用同样的喜悦纪念特殊时刻。)”承接上文，说明替代方式同样能带来仪式感。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I was watering a tomato planter (花盆) when I spotted them — a bunch of newborn rabbits. Five tiny bodies gathered closely, 21 of the world around them. For two weeks, I watched them from a distance. At first, they stayed hidden under large leaves, their mother 22 occasionally. She was always 23 , watching from the edge of the yard, a frozen figure at dusk. She never approached while I was there, but her 24 was a constant, staring weight. One day, a rabbit was standing on the planter’s edge, unsure whether to jump or not. 25 , one by one, the rabbits leapt from the planter. Some 26 smoothly, while others fell. The last one 27 the longest, shaking slightly at the edge. I silently urged it on. You can do it! Then, it did. Watching them, I realized how much we like to believe life is built on 28 and control. Yet many of the experiences that shape us are leaps into the 29 . When I was younger, I thought courage meant being fearless. Now I know it means being afraid and 30 anyway. The rabbits did not leap because they felt safe. They leapt because staying put was not a/an 31 . Growth requires 32 . The leap is often where a new life 33 . We all live on the edge of our own planters. When the moment comes, I hope I remember that fear is not always a signal to 34 , but a sign that you are standing on the edge of something worth 35 . 21．A．unsure B．unaware C．fond D．tired 22．A．relaxing B．following C．appearing D．leaping 23．A．impatient B．careful C．curious D．ready 24．A．presence B．guidance C．silence D．defence 25．A．Obviously B．Fortunately C．Eventually D．Consequently 26．A．ran B．landed C．climbed D．escaped 27．A．hesitated B．anticipated C．searched D．doubted 28．A．fighting B．planning C．rushing D．dreaming 29．A．truth B．goal C．future D．unknown 30．A．moving forward B．giving up C．calming down D．looking back 31．A．excuse B．problem C．mistake D．option 32．A．motion B．passion C．stimulation D．dedication 33．A．lasts B．evolves C．begins D．exists 34．A．fail B．adapt C．withdraw D．reflect 35．A．staring at B．waiting for C．relying on D．stepping into 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 【导语】主要讲述作者观察一窝新生幼兔先后跳离花盆，从中感悟成长需敢于直面未知、勇敢迈出新一步的人生哲理。 【详解】21．考查形容词。句意：五个小小的身体紧紧依偎在一起，对周围的周遭世界一无所知。A. unsure不确定的；B. unaware未意识到、不知情的；C. fond喜欢的；D. tired疲惫的。根据前文“a bunch of newborn rabbits”可知这是刚出生的小兔子，对周边世界完全不了解。 22．考查动词。句意：起初，它们躲在大大的叶子下面，兔妈妈只是偶尔现身。A. relaxing放松；B. following跟随；C. appearing出现；D. leaping跳跃。根据后文“She never approached while I was there”可知作者在场时兔妈妈从不靠近，只是偶尔露面出现。 23．考查形容词。句意：她总是十分谨慎，守在院子边缘观望，在暮色中静立不动。A. impatient不耐烦的；B. careful小心谨慎的；C. curious好奇的；D. ready准备好的。根据后文“watching from the edge of the yard, a frozen figure at dusk”可知，兔妈妈只在远处观望，行事十分小心谨慎。 24．考查名词。句意：我在的时候她从不靠近，但她的身影一直都在，目光久久凝望着这边。A. presence存在、身影；B. guidance指引；C. silence沉默；D. defence防御。根据前文“watching from the edge of the yard”可知，兔妈妈一直守在院子边上，身影始终没有离开。 25．考查副词。句意：最终，小兔子们一只接一只地从花盆上跳了下来。A. Obviously明显地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Eventually最终；D. Consequently因此。根据前文“At first, they stayed hidden under large leaves”可知，小兔子起初躲藏观望，最后才陆续跳离花盆。 26．考查动词。句意：有些平稳落地，而另一些则摔了下去。A. ran奔跑；B. landed落地；C. climbed攀爬；D. escaped逃离。根据后文“while others fell”可知，此处与后文形成对比，部分兔子跳跃后平稳落到地面。 27．考查动词。句意：最后一只犹豫的时间最久，在花盆边缘微微发抖。A. hesitated犹豫；B. anticipated期待；C. searched搜寻；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“shaking slightly at the edge”可知，它迟迟不敢往下跳，一直在边缘迟疑不前。 28．考查名词。句意：看着它们，我意识到我们总愿意相信人生建立在规划与掌控之上。A. fighting奋斗；B. planning规划；C. rushing匆忙；D. dreaming梦想。根据后文并列词“and control”，再结合后文“The leap is often where a new life ________ . We all live on the edge of our own planters.”可知，人生并非全可预设掌控，所以，此处指人生依靠规划。 29．考查名词。句意：然而许多塑造我们的人生经历，都是纵身跃入未知的过程。A. truth真相；B. goal目标；C. future未来；D. unknown未知事物。根据前文“how much we like to believe life is built on _______ and control”以及后文小兔子勇敢跳出舒适花盆、去往陌生新环境可知，人生很多成长都要跳进未知的境遇里。 30．考查动词短语。句意：如今我懂得，勇气意味着心怀恐惧，却依旧勇往直前。A. moving forward向前前行；B. giving up放弃；C. calming down冷静；D. looking back回头。根据前文“I thought courage meant being fearless”可知真正的勇气不是毫无畏惧，而是害怕仍坚持向前走。 31．考查名词。句意：兔子纵身一跃并非因为感到安全，而是因为原地停留不再是一种选择。A. excuse借口；B. problem问题；C. mistake错误；D. option选择。根据前文 “The rabbits did not leap because they felt safe”以及小兔子纷纷主动跳离花盆的行为可知，原地停留已经行不通，不再是可以选择的方式。 32．考查名词。句意：成长需要付诸行动、主动迈步。A. motion行动、迈步；B. passion激情；C. stimulation激励；D. dedication奉献。根据后文“The leap is often where a new life begins”可知，成长离不开像兔子跳跃一样主动迈出行动的一步。 33．考查动词。句意：而勇敢纵身一跃，往往就是全新人生的开端。A. lasts持续；B. evolves演变；C. begins开始；D. exists存在。根据前文“Growth requires ______”以及兔子跳出花盆开启新的生活空间可知，勇敢跨出这一步，新生活便从此开启。 34．考查动词。句意：那一刻来临时，我希望自己记住：恐惧并不总是退缩的信号。A. fail失败；B. adapt适应；C. withdraw退缩；D. reflect反思。根据后文“but a sign that you are standing on the edge of something worth ________ .”可知，恐惧不代表就要后退退缩。 35．考查动词短语。句意：而是预示你正站在值得踏入的全新境遇的边缘。A. staring at凝视；B. waiting for等待；C. relying on依靠；D. stepping into踏入。根据前文“We all live on the edge of our own planters”可知，站在人生临界点，要勇敢踏入新的境遇。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Lu frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes. It 36 (original) meant salted water used for meat that’s boiled, and then served cold, and for vegetables. “Salt is the core 37 Lu, even more important than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 38 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 39 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming dynasty, 40 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 41 (attract) customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 42 (sell) cold for takeaway. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified, taking on the characteristics of each of China’s 43 (region) cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn (花椒) is put into Lu to add flavor and 44 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic: Zao Lu is 45 light one made from the fermented rice remains from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. 【答案】 36．originally 37．of 38．but 39．preserved 40．when 41．To attract 42．were sold 43．regional 44．intensity 45．a 【导语】文章介绍了中国烹饪中“卤”的含义、历史演变及各地特色。 【详解】36．考查副词。句意：它最初的意思是用于煮肉然后冷食的盐水，也用于蔬菜。修饰动词meant应用副词，originally意为“最初”。 37．考查介词。句意：“盐是卤的核心，甚至比香料更重要，”暨南大学美食作家曹雨说。“the core of...”为固定搭配，意为“……的核心”。 38．考查连词。句意：香料可以增加香味或去除一些气味，但对风味至关重要的是盐。前一句提到香料的作用，后一句强调盐的重要性，前后分句之间存在转折关系，因此用并列连词but连接。 39．考查非谓语。句意：现存最早的制作卤的食谱可以追溯到5世纪的中国古代农业著作《齐民要术》。本句已有谓语动词“date back to”，且与所给动词间无连词连接，空处应用非谓语形式。recipes与preserve之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。 40．考查定语从句。句意：曹认为我们今天所知的卤出现在明朝左右，当时中国的私营农业和食品市场如雨后春笋般涌现。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Ming dynasty表示时间，从句中不缺主语或宾语，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。 41．考查非谓语。句意：为了吸引顾客，这些商家开始通过添加香料为卤引入新口味。根据句意，这里表示目的，即“为了吸引顾客”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。且位于句首，首字母需大写。 42．考查动词时态和语态。句意：然后他们用它来调味煮熟的肉和蔬菜，这些肉和蔬菜是冷着卖的外卖。定语从句中主语that指代meats and vegetables，与sell之间为被动关系，且描述过去事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语为复数，be动词用were，sell的过去分词为sold。 43．考查形容词。句意：此后的几个世纪里，卤变得多样化，呈现出中国各地方菜系的特征。修饰名词cuisines应用形容词，regional意为“地区的，地方的”，符合语境。 44．考查名词。句意：例如，在四川省，花椒被放入卤中以增加风味和强度。空处与flavor并列作add的宾语，应用名词intensity，意为“强度、浓郁程度”。 45．考查冠词。句意：有些卤汁甚至是含酒精的：糟卤是一种清淡的卤汁，由酿制黄酒剩下的发酵米制成。one指代一种卤汁，此处为泛指，light以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华，上周日你为来访的英国旅行团做了一天的英语导游员。请给你校英语报写一篇短文介绍此事，内容包括： （1）一天的活动； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Last Sunday, I served as an English guide for a British tour group. In the morning, I took them to the ancient city wall, telling stories about its construction and historical significance. At noon, we tried local snacks together, and I explained the ingredients and cooking methods. In the afternoon, we visited the folk culture museum, where I introduced traditional crafts like paper-cutting and pottery. In the evening, they watched a folk dance performance, with me explaining every movement. What a meaningful day! It was rewarding to see their interest in our culture, which made me feel proud of our traditions. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报写一篇短文，介绍自己为来访的英国旅行团做英语导游员这一事件，并谈谈自己的感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累 当作：serve as → work as 解释：explain → illustrate 有意义的：meaningful → significant 值得的：rewarding → worthwhile 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the evening, they watched a folk dance performance, with me explaining every movement. 拓展句：In the evening, they watched a folk dance performance while I explained every movement. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In the afternoon, we visited the folk culture museum, where I introduced traditional crafts like paper-cutting and pottery.(运用了where引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】 It was rewarding to see their interest in our culture, which made me feel proud of our traditions.(运用了which引导的定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There are few things worse than a busker (街头艺人) with something to prove, yet overlooking that self-acceptance mattered most. I met such a person. It was a warm Thursday afternoon in May. I was staying at a party hostel, a type of hotel designed primarily for young travelers, seeking a social, lively atmosphere rather than just a quiet place to sleep. It was mostly filled with people waiting for the night to begin. Some were reading, others, like me, were working remotely. Another group was sitting lazily on the sofas, quietly watching Shrek projected onto a small wall-mounted screen. For a brief moment in time, it seemed possible to live in harmony with strangers — before all was interrupted by a girl’s appearance. The girl, with golden hair, came in and settled herself among the movie-watchers. She pulled out a guitar and began her performance. To her, the room wasn’t full of travelers longing for peace and quiet. She didn’t see people napping (小憩), enjoying a movie or working. She saw an audience and considered it an opportunity to show her voice and prove she could sing well. She sang the song, “I’m a loser”, glancing at everyone in the hostel with the intention of hearing people’s words of praise. Maybe that was exactly why her voice sounded somewhat trembling. As for the audience, it was probably because her singing was so unsteady that none of them wanted to look up. As a result, meaningful eye contact was made with everyone, anyone except her, as they reached an unspoken agreement that to acknowledge her presence would be to encourage it. So as she sang, no one nodded along. When the song came to a close, nobody spoke or clapped. Finally, she sighed loudly, took a breath, and glanced at everyone with a disappointed look. It was at this moment that I looked up my head and met her eyes, which reminded me of my similar experience. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood up and came to her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After hearing my story, she fell into silence for a moment and picked up her guitar again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I stood up and came to her. I softly gestured for her to take a seat beside me, then shared my own story. I told her how I once spent months preparing a painting for a school contest, desperate for others’ praise, only to have my work ignored. I admitted that I’d quit painting for a long time, until I realized that self-acceptance mattered more than any others’ approval. The girl listened silently, her disappointed eyes gradually losing their sadness as she nodded slightly. After hearing my story, she fell into silence for a moment and picked up her guitar again. This time, she didn’t glance around the room for any reaction. Instead, she closed her eyes and sang, her voice steady and warm, no longer shaky with the urge to prove herself. Some travelers even put down their books and laptops, drawn to her relaxing sound. When the song ended, a sincere round of applause filled the air. She smiled brightly, and I knew she’d understood: the most precious recognition comes from accepting oneself. 【导语】本文以“街头艺人的自我证明与接纳”为线索展开，讲述了金发女孩在青年旅社弹唱求认可却无人回应，“我”因想起自身相似经历而主动上前，分享感悟，最终女孩领悟自我接纳比他人认可更重要的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“我站起身，朝她走了过去。”可知，第一段可描写“我”主动安抚女孩，分享自己曾因渴望他人认可而受挫的经历，同时体现女孩的情绪变化。 ② 由第二段首句“听了我的故事后，她沉默了片刻，然后再次拿起了吉他。”可知，第二段可描写女孩的转变——不再刻意寻求他人反应，而是专注于自身演唱，最终用沉稳温暖的歌声打动听众，收获掌声，真正领悟核心道理。 2. 续写线索： 主动上前安抚女孩——分享自身受挫经历——传递自我接纳的重要性——女孩沉默反思——重拾吉他，专注演唱——歌声打动听众，收获掌声——领悟“最珍贵的认可源于自我接纳”的道理 3.词类激活 行为类 ①示意：gesture/signal ②忽略：ignore/overlook ③重要：matter/count ④结束：end/come to an end 情绪类 ①渴望：desperate for/longing for ②悲伤：sadness/sorrow ③微笑：smile/beam 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I told her how I once spent months preparing a painting for a school contest, desperate for others’ praise, only to have my work ignored.（运用了how引导宾语从句和不定式作结果状语） 【高分句型2】I admitted that I’d quit painting for a long time, until I realized that self-acceptance mattered more than any others’ approval. （运用了that引导宾语从句和until引导时间状语从句） 【高分句型3】 Instead, she closed her eyes and sang, her voice steady and warm, no longer shaky with the urge to prove herself.（运用了独立主格结构） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $