Unit 8 Natural disasters 自然灾害（话题阅读精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“自然灾害”主题为核心，通过时文阅读与实战演练结合，系统整合灾害现象、成因及应对措施，融合语言知识与语篇理解，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇阅读理解|说明文为主，聚焦动物预测灾害、野火应对|从现象观察（动物异常）到原理探究（野火成因），构建“现象-成因-影响”认知链| |实战演练|5篇（3阅读+2完形）|阅读理解含台风准备/漂浮菜园，完形为暴风雪/防洪工程/台风脱险记叙文|从具体灾害（台风、洪水）到应对方案（物资准备、工程措施、知识应用），形成“问题-解决-反思”逻辑闭环|

Unit 8 Natural disasters 自然灾害 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 229 本文围绕动物是否能预测自然灾害展开，介绍了相关现象和人类的探索。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 198 本文主要介绍了野火这一危险的自然灾害，包括其成因、危害，以及在不同场景（森林、家中）下的应对措施，还提及了消防员的工作和日常生活中预防野火的方法。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 127 本文介绍了台风来临前的准备事项，包括采购时间、所需物资清单和安全提示。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 290 本文介绍了孟加拉国农民为应对频繁洪水，发明的一种可持续农业模式——漂浮菜园，包括它的制作方法、多重作用，以及对全球易涝地区的借鉴意义。 Passage3 完形填空 记叙文 183 本文讲述了作者一家在去年冬天遭遇暴风雪的经历，描写了暴风雪的肆虐、家中的状况以及家人的应对，展现了暴风雪的威力与家人的平安。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 168 本文介绍了中国三峡大坝、英国泰晤士水闸和荷兰防洪工程等水利项目如何帮助人们抵御洪水，同时强调了学习安全知识、保持冷静和远离危险水流的重要性。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 224 本文主要讲述了一家人在海边露营时遭遇台风，凭借地理知识化险为夷的故事，体现了知识的重要性。 Passage1时文阅读 In December, 2025, a terrible tsunami hit Japan. There was a huge earthquake under the sea. Huge waves rushed towards the land. They caused serious damage (损害), and many families lost their homes. Japan is not the only country that has experienced a large tsunami. In 2004, there was a big earthquake under the Indian Ocean. The tsunami reached many countries, such as Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, something interesting happened before the tsunami arrived. Just before the big waves came, many animals started to run away. Elephants were very nervous and tried to get far from the sea. Flamingos flew off together and left the area. But the tsunami was a big shock to humans — no one knew it was coming. So how did the animals know about it earlier than people did? In Japan, some people are trying a new animal warning system (系统). Many believe that animals, such as dogs or chickens, become nervous before an earthquake. In Susaki, a small town in Japan, people check how their pets behave. If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried, they can call a special phone number. Can animals really predict (预测) earthquakes and other natural disasters? Can they save lives? No one really knows. But perhaps animals know more than we do. 2025 年 12 月，一场猛烈的海啸袭击了日本。海底发生了强震，滔天巨浪冲向陆地，造成了严重破坏，许多家庭流离失所。 并非只有日本遭遇过大型海啸。2004 年，印度洋海底发生大地震，引发的海啸波及泰国、印度尼西亚、斯里兰卡等多个国家。 在斯里兰卡，海啸来临前出现了一桩怪事。巨浪袭来前夕，大量动物开始四处逃窜：大象焦躁不安，拼命远离海岸；火烈鸟成群起飞，离开了这片区域。可人类却对此毫无察觉，海啸到来时所有人都猝不及防。那么，动物为何能比人类更早感知到危险呢？ 日本部分地区如今试用一套全新的动物预警系统。不少人认为，猫狗、鸡鸭等动物在地震来临前都会表现得焦躁异常。日本小城须崎的居民会密切观察自家宠物的状态，一旦发现猫狗举止不安，便可拨打专用预警电话。 动物真的能够预测地震及其他自然灾害、挽救生命吗？目前尚无定论。但或许，动物的确有着人类未知的感知能力。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.Japan is not the only country that has experienced a large tsunami. ‌翻译:‌ 日本并非唯一一个遭遇过大型海啸的国家。 句子类型：定语从句（主从复合句） 主干：Japan is not the only country（主系表结构） 从句部分：that has experienced a large tsunami that 是关系代词，指代先行词 the only country，在从句中作主语； 先行词被 the only 修饰，规定只能用关系代词 that，不能用 which； 时态：现在完成时 has experienced，强调 “至今为止经历过”。 ‌2.If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried, they can call a special phone number. ‌翻译:‌ 如果他们发现自家的猫或狗表现得焦躁不安，就可以拨打专用热线电话。 ‌重点:句子类型：条件状语从句 + 宾语从句（双层从句，典型长难句） 整体结构：If 条件状语从句 + 主句 条件状语从句：If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried 主句：they can call a special phone number 内层宾语从句：that their cat or dog looks worried 跟在动词 notice 后，作宾语从句；that 为引导词，无实义，可省略。 语法要点： 主谓一致：their cat or dog 遵循就近原则，谓语动词用单数 looks； 时态：主句含情态动词 can，条件从句用一般现在时表将来。 ‌3.But the tsunami was a big shock to humans — no one knew it was coming. ‌翻译:‌ 但这场海啸让人类猝不及防 —— 没有人察觉到它即将来临。 重点：句子类型：并列句 + 宾语从句（破折号连接两个分句） 前半句主干：the tsunami was a big shock to humans（主系表）固定搭配：a shock to sb. 令某人震惊的事 后半句：no one knew it was coming 主干：no one knew（主谓） it was coming 是宾语从句，作 knew 的宾语； 语法亮点：was coming 用过去进行时表过去将来，表示 “当时即将发生”，侧重动作临近、有预兆。 【重难词汇梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 中文释义 词性 补充拓展 / 例句 tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 海啸 n. 复数：tsunamis例：A terrible tsunami hit the coast.（一场可怕的海啸袭击了海岸。） earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ 地震 n. 合成词：earth (大地)+quake (震动)搭配：under the earthquake 海底地震 rush /rʌʃ/ 冲，奔；汹涌而至 v. 搭配：rush towards 冲向 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 损害，破坏 n./v. 常用搭配：cause serious damage 造成严重损害 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 经历；体验 v./n. 文中作动词；n. 经历，经验 reach /riːtʃ/ 到达；波及 v. 后直接接地点，不加介词 nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ 紧张不安的，焦躁的 adj. 搭配：be nervous 感到不安 notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ 注意到，察觉 v./n. v. 后可接宾语从句；n. 通知 behavior (behaviour) /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ 行为，举止 n. 动词形式：behave 表现，举止 predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ 预测，预知 v. 名词形式：prediction 预测 natural disaster /ˈnætʃrəl dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ 自然灾害 短语 常见搭配：fight against natural disasters 抵御自然灾害 warning system /ˈwɔːnɪŋ ˈsɪstəm/ 预警系统 短语 warning n. 警告；system n. 系统 flamingo /fləˈmɪŋɡəʊ/ 火烈鸟 n. 复数：flamingos /flamingoes Passage2 Wildfires are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in the world. They can do great harm to nature and people. They can be caused by many things, such as lightning strikes in dry forests, people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires, and hot weather that makes plants dry and easy to burn. 野火是世界上最危险的自然灾害之一。它会对自然与人类造成巨大伤害。引发野火的原因有很多，比如干旱林区的雷击、人们未熄灭篝火等疏忽行为，还有高温天气导致植被干枯、极易引燃。 Once a wildfire starts, it spreads very fast, burning large areas of forests, houses and crops. It can also hurt or even kill people and animals, and make the air very dirty. If you are in a forest when a wildfire starts, the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic. You should run to an open place as quickly as possible, such as a field, a road or a clearing, because there are no trees or grass to help the fire burn. You should also cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth to stop breathing in harmful smoke. 野火一旦燃起，会迅速蔓延，大片森林、房屋和农作物都会被烧毁。它还会伤及甚至夺走人和动物的生命，同时严重污染空气。如果身处林区遭遇野火，最重要的是保持冷静、切勿惊慌。要尽快跑到开阔地带，比如田野、道路或是林间空地，这些地方没有草木助燃。同时要用湿布捂住口鼻，避免吸入有毒烟雾。 If you are at home when a wildfire comes, you should close all the doors and windows tightly to keep smoke out. You should also turn off the gas and electricity to stop fires or explosions. 倘若野火来袭时你正在家中，务必紧闭所有门窗，阻挡浓烟进入。还要关掉燃气和电源，防止火情扩大或引发爆炸。 Firefighters and volunteers often work very hard to put out wildfires. They risk their lives to save people and protect homes. Sometimes, they make firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to prevent the fire from spreading. 消防员和志愿者们常常奋力扑救野火，他们冒着生命危险救助群众、守护家园。有时他们会开辟防火隔离带 —— 也就是清除草木的空地，以此阻止火势蔓延。 Besides, we can also do something to stop wildfires in our daily life. We should never start fires in the forest, and we should be very careful with matches and lighters, especially in dry weather. We should also tell our friends and family about the danger of wildfires and work together to protect our environment. 此外，我们在日常生活中也能采取行动预防野火。切勿在林区用火，天干物燥时，使用火柴、打火机更要格外小心。我们也可以向亲友宣传野火的危害，携手共同保护自然环境。 【长难句分析】 1. They can be caused by many things, such as lightning strikes in dry forests, people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires, and hot weather that makes plants dry and easy to burn. ‌翻译:‌ 野火可由多种因素引发，例如干旱森林中的雷击、人们未熄灭篝火这类疏忽行为，以及会让植被干枯、极易燃烧的高温天气。 ‌重点:句式：被动语态 + 并列举例 + 定语从句 主干：They can be caused by many things（一般现在时被动语态） 结构拆解： such as 后接三个并列名词短语，作举例说明：① lightning strikes in dry forests② people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires③ hot weather 定语从句：that makes plants dry and easy to burn，关系代词that指代先行词hot weather，在从句中作主语； 固定结构：make + 宾语 + 形容词（使某物处于某种状态）。 重点短语：put out 熄灭 2.If you are in a forest when a wildfire starts, the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic. ‌翻译:‌ 如果野火燃起时你正在森林里，最重要的事就是保持冷静，不要惊慌。 ‌重点:句式：嵌套时间状语从句的条件状语从句 + 主系表结构 整体结构： 外层：If you are in a forest 条件状语从句 内层：when a wildfire starts 时间状语从句，嵌套在条件从句中 主句：the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic 语法要点： 主句表语：to stay calm and not panic 动词不定式作表语； 最高级：the most important（多音节形容词最高级）。 3.Sometimes, they make firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to prevent the fire from spreading. ‌翻译:‌ 有时他们会开辟防火隔离带，也就是没有树木和草木的空地，以此阻止火势蔓延。 ‌重点: 句式：主句 + 非限制性定语从句 + 目的状语 主干：they make firebreaks（主谓宾） 结构拆解： 非限制性定语从句：which are areas without trees or grass，which 指代先行词firebreaks，从句前后用逗号隔开，起补充解释作用； 目的状语：to prevent the fire from spreading 动词不定式表动作目的； 固定搭配：prevent ... from doing sth. 阻止…… 做某事。 【重难点单词梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火；森林大火 do harm to /duː hɑːm tuː/ 短语 对…… 造成伤害 lightning strike /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ straɪk/ 短语 雷击 carelessness /ˈkeələsnəs/ n. 粗心，疏忽 put out /pʊt aʊt/ 短语 熄灭；扑灭 spread /spred/ v. 蔓延；扩散 crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼，农作物 panic /ˈpænɪk/ v./n. 惊慌，恐慌 clearing /ˈklɪərɪŋ/ n. 林间空地 tightly /ˈtaɪtli/ adv. 紧紧地，牢固地 explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/ n. 爆炸 firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ n. 消防员 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 实战演练 Passage1 Getting Ready for a Typhoon Typhoon Wipha is coming. Everyone in our community should make preparations. When to buy: From July 11th to July 18th, 2025 Where to buy: nearby supermarket What do you need at home for a typhoon? Emergency bag with medicines Flashlight, batteries, and power bank Battery-powered radio Repair tools Clothes to keep warm 3-5 days drinking water Food for 3 days Cleaning products Tips for getting ready for a typhoon: 1. Prepare all the things you need for a typhoon. 2. Close all doors and windows tightly (紧紧地). 3. Move the flowers and other things indoors. 4. Stay at home and listen for typhoon news. (If you want to know more about tips, you can scan the QR code.) 1．When should people buy things they need for the typhoon? A．In May. B．Only on weekends. C．From July 11 to July 18. D．After the typhoon comes. 2．Which of the following is NOT you need at home for a typhoon from the passage? A．A television. B．Food for 3 days. C．Battery-powered radio. D．Clothes to keep warm. 3．What should people do to get ready for a typhoon? A．Leave doors and windows open. B．Prepare things needed. C．Go outside to check the weather. D．Leave flowers or plants in the open air. 4．What can people get by scanning the QR code? A．A map of the city B．Some emergency food C．A list of online shops D．More typhoon safety tips 5．In which column (专栏) of a magazine can we read the text? A．Health B．Sports C．A safety guide D．Animals Passage2 The Floating Gardens of Bangladesh (孟加拉国) In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens. For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform. On these floating beds, they grow vegetables like spinach, eggplant, and pumpkins. “When the floods come, our land disappears under water,” explained farmer Muhammad Islam, “but our gardens float. We don’t lose our crops.” The floating gardens do more than just provide food. They also create jobs for women in rural (乡村的) communities. Women help build the rafts and harvest the vegetables, earning money for their families. Climate change has made flooding more terrible in Bangladesh. Sea levels are rising, and storms are becoming stronger. For many farmers, floating gardens are no longer just a tradition, they are a necessity. Scientists from around the world have come to study these gardens. They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar. “This is traditional knowledge that is becoming more valuable every year,” said Dr. Amina Rahman, a researcher from Dhaka University.“The farmers figured out how to live with nature instead of fighting against it.” Today, more than 100,000 families in Bangladesh use floating gardens. The government is helping to spread the technique to other regions. As one farmer put it, “The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.” 1．What problem do farmers in Bangladesh face? A．They don’t have enough land for farming. B．The soil is too dry for growing vegetables. C．Their land often floods and goes underwater. D．They don’t have enough workers to farm. 2．How do farmers create floating gardens? A．They build wooden platforms above the water. B．They use water hyacinths to build floating rafts. C．They grow vegetables directly in the river. D．They use rafts to take water out of the fields. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the water B．the technique C．the floating garden D．the land 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Floating gardens cost much money. B．Floating gardens suit flood-prone areas. C．Only simple fruits are grown here. D．It is a new modern invention for farming. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Terrible floods in Bangladesh. B．Ways for village women to make money. C．Useful floating gardens in Bangladesh. D．Traditional food in South Asia. Passage3 Last winter, a heavy snowstorm hit our city. It was the most unforgettable experience of my life. The snow 1 non-stop for two days, and the wind 2 very strongly. My family and I stayed at home, but we felt really 3 Suddenly, we heard a big crash (巨响). Our old fence (栅栏) 4 down and blocked (堵塞) the door. The power went out, and the room became cold 5 . My mom told us to move to the living room with blankets, hot water, and candles. The storm lasted for 6 hours. During the night, we could hear the wind howling and snow hitting the windows. My little brother was scared, but I tried to stay 7 . I told him the storm would end soon. 8 the sun came up the next morning, the snow finally stopped. We went outside and saw many cars 9 under the snow. Some roofs were damaged. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood got 10 . We were safe, but I will never forget that snowy night. 1．A．fell B．fall C．falls D．fallen 2．A．blew B．grew C．flew D．drove 3．A．excited B．nervous C．interested D．surprised 4．A．hit B．cut C．broke D．put 5．A．nowhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．everywhere 6．A．few B．little C．several D．much 7．A．calm B．silent C．quiet D．still 8．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 9．A．lying B．standing C．hiding D．sitting 10．A．ill B．hurt C．afraid D．terrible Passage 4 Floods are common natural disasters in the world. They bring much 1 to people’s lives and destroy homes and farmland. Many countries build different projects to stop floods. The Three Gorges Dam is very important in China. It lies 2 the Changjiang River. When 3 rain comes in summer, the river water rises fast. The big dam can 4 the water level. It holds back too much water and sends it out 5 . In the UK, the Thames Barrier works well too. Its big 6 can rise during high tides. It protects London from terrible floods. Most of the land in the Netherlands is low. Its projects can 7 local people from coastal floods. These great projects help people a lot. Besides man-made projects, we should also learn safety 8 . When a flood comes, we must keep 9 . We had better stay in high places and stay away from fast-running water. Natural disasters are dangerous, 10 we can keep safe with good projects and knowledge. 1．A．danger B．fun C．joy D．peace 2．A．in B．on C．of D．with 3．A．light B．heavy C．warm D．cool 4．A．control B．carry C．cover D．clear 5．A．quickly B．safely C．easily D．loudly 6．A．gates B．walls C．trees D．stones 7．A．provide B．push C．protect D．produce 8．A．hobbies B．rules C．dreams D．messages 9．A．nervous B．worried C．calm D．excited 10．A．so B．and C．because D．but Passage 5 It was a warm summer weekend, and my family decided to go camping near the beautiful coast. We 1 our tent and enjoyed a nice lunch by the seaside. In the afternoon, however, things changed 2 . Dark clouds appeared from the west, covering the blue sky. The wind began to 3 harder and harder. Trees started shaking, and the waves became wild. “Oh no!” Dad shouted. “A typhoon is coming!” Mom looked worried and said, “This is really dangerous. We need to find a (n) 4 place right now!” I remembered my geography lessons about 5 . “Don’t panic (恐慌),” I said. “I learned about typhoons at school. We should go to the hillside. It’s safer there.” We soon packed (收拾) our things and moved to higher ground. The wind became 6 . Trees were bending (弯曲), and rain started to 7 heavily. I could feel the 8 of the wind pushing against us. After about an hour, the typhoon passed. “Good job, son!” Dad said. “Your knowledge saved us from 9 .” That night, we sat around and talked about the experience. It made me wonder what would happen 10 I didn’t pay attention in geography class. It was more than just a camping trip—it was a lesson about the importance of knowledge. 1．A．took up B．set up C．filled up D．cleared up 2．A．seriously B．suddenly C．directly D．actually 3．A．shout B．push C．blow D．sing 4．A．empty B．mobile C．clean D．safe 5．A．signs B．disasters C．diseases D．accidents 6．A．stronger B．quicker C．faster D．smaller 7．A．pass B．run C．pour D．leave 8．A．speed B．ability C．force D．effort 9．A．safety B．danger C．fear D．situation 10．A．if B．though C．before D．because 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Natural disasters 自然灾害 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 229 本文围绕动物是否能预测自然灾害展开，介绍了相关现象和人类的探索。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 198 本文主要介绍了野火这一危险的自然灾害，包括其成因、危害，以及在不同场景（森林、家中）下的应对措施，还提及了消防员的工作和日常生活中预防野火的方法。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 127 本文介绍了台风来临前的准备事项，包括采购时间、所需物资清单和安全提示。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 290 本文介绍了孟加拉国农民为应对频繁洪水，发明的一种可持续农业模式——漂浮菜园，包括它的制作方法、多重作用，以及对全球易涝地区的借鉴意义。 Passage3 完形填空 记叙文 183 本文讲述了作者一家在去年冬天遭遇暴风雪的经历，描写了暴风雪的肆虐、家中的状况以及家人的应对，展现了暴风雪的威力与家人的平安。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 168 本文介绍了中国三峡大坝、英国泰晤士水闸和荷兰防洪工程等水利项目如何帮助人们抵御洪水，同时强调了学习安全知识、保持冷静和远离危险水流的重要性。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 224 本文主要讲述了一家人在海边露营时遭遇台风，凭借地理知识化险为夷的故事，体现了知识的重要性。 时文阅读 Passage1 In December, 2025, a terrible tsunami hit Japan. There was a huge earthquake under the sea. Huge waves rushed towards the land. They caused serious damage (损害), and many families lost their homes. Japan is not the only country that has experienced a large tsunami. In 2004, there was a big earthquake under the Indian Ocean. The tsunami reached many countries, such as Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, something interesting happened before the tsunami arrived. Just before the big waves came, many animals started to run away. Elephants were very nervous and tried to get far from the sea. Flamingos flew off together and left the area. But the tsunami was a big shock to humans — no one knew it was coming. So how did the animals know about it earlier than people did? In Japan, some people are trying a new animal warning system (系统). Many believe that animals, such as dogs or chickens, become nervous before an earthquake. In Susaki, a small town in Japan, people check how their pets behave. If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried, they can call a special phone number. Can animals really predict (预测) earthquakes and other natural disasters? Can they save lives? No one really knows. But perhaps animals know more than we do. 2025 年 12 月，一场猛烈的海啸袭击了日本。海底发生了强震，滔天巨浪冲向陆地，造成了严重破坏，许多家庭流离失所。 并非只有日本遭遇过大型海啸。2004 年，印度洋海底发生大地震，引发的海啸波及泰国、印度尼西亚、斯里兰卡等多个国家。 在斯里兰卡，海啸来临前出现了一桩怪事。巨浪袭来前夕，大量动物开始四处逃窜：大象焦躁不安，拼命远离海岸；火烈鸟成群起飞，离开了这片区域。可人类却对此毫无察觉，海啸到来时所有人都猝不及防。那么，动物为何能比人类更早感知到危险呢？ 日本部分地区如今试用一套全新的动物预警系统。不少人认为，猫狗、鸡鸭等动物在地震来临前都会表现得焦躁异常。日本小城须崎的居民会密切观察自家宠物的状态，一旦发现猫狗举止不安，便可拨打专用预警电话。 动物真的能够预测地震及其他自然灾害、挽救生命吗？目前尚无定论。但或许，动物的确有着人类未知的感知能力。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.Japan is not the only country that has experienced a large tsunami. ‌翻译:‌ 日本并非唯一一个遭遇过大型海啸的国家。 句子类型：定语从句（主从复合句） 主干：Japan is not the only country（主系表结构） 从句部分：that has experienced a large tsunami that 是关系代词，指代先行词 the only country，在从句中作主语； 先行词被 the only 修饰，规定只能用关系代词 that，不能用 which； 时态：现在完成时 has experienced，强调 “至今为止经历过”。 ‌2.If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried, they can call a special phone number. ‌翻译:‌ 如果他们发现自家的猫或狗表现得焦躁不安，就可以拨打专用热线电话。 ‌重点:句子类型：条件状语从句 + 宾语从句（双层从句，典型长难句） 整体结构：If 条件状语从句 + 主句 条件状语从句：If they notice that their cat or dog looks worried 主句：they can call a special phone number 内层宾语从句：that their cat or dog looks worried 跟在动词 notice 后，作宾语从句；that 为引导词，无实义，可省略。 语法要点： 主谓一致：their cat or dog 遵循就近原则，谓语动词用单数 looks； 时态：主句含情态动词 can，条件从句用一般现在时表将来。 ‌3.But the tsunami was a big shock to humans — no one knew it was coming. ‌翻译:‌ 但这场海啸让人类猝不及防 —— 没有人察觉到它即将来临。 重点：句子类型：并列句 + 宾语从句（破折号连接两个分句） 前半句主干：the tsunami was a big shock to humans（主系表）固定搭配：a shock to sb. 令某人震惊的事 后半句：no one knew it was coming 主干：no one knew（主谓） it was coming 是宾语从句，作 knew 的宾语； 语法亮点：was coming 用过去进行时表过去将来，表示 “当时即将发生”，侧重动作临近、有预兆。 【重难词汇梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 中文释义 词性 补充拓展 / 例句 tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 海啸 n. 复数：tsunamis例：A terrible tsunami hit the coast.（一场可怕的海啸袭击了海岸。） earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ 地震 n. 合成词：earth (大地)+quake (震动)搭配：under the earthquake 海底地震 rush /rʌʃ/ 冲，奔；汹涌而至 v. 搭配：rush towards 冲向 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 损害，破坏 n./v. 常用搭配：cause serious damage 造成严重损害 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 经历；体验 v./n. 文中作动词；n. 经历，经验 reach /riːtʃ/ 到达；波及 v. 后直接接地点，不加介词 nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ 紧张不安的，焦躁的 adj. 搭配：be nervous 感到不安 notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ 注意到，察觉 v./n. v. 后可接宾语从句；n. 通知 behavior (behaviour) /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ 行为，举止 n. 动词形式：behave 表现，举止 predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ 预测，预知 v. 名词形式：prediction 预测 natural disaster /ˈnætʃrəl dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ 自然灾害 短语 常见搭配：fight against natural disasters 抵御自然灾害 warning system /ˈwɔːnɪŋ ˈsɪstəm/ 预警系统 短语 warning n. 警告；system n. 系统 flamingo /fləˈmɪŋɡəʊ/ 火烈鸟 n. 复数：flamingos /flamingoes Passage2 Wildfires are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in the world. They can do great harm to nature and people. They can be caused by many things, such as lightning strikes in dry forests, people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires, and hot weather that makes plants dry and easy to burn. 野火是世界上最危险的自然灾害之一。它会对自然与人类造成巨大伤害。引发野火的原因有很多，比如干旱林区的雷击、人们未熄灭篝火等疏忽行为，还有高温天气导致植被干枯、极易引燃。 Once a wildfire starts, it spreads very fast, burning large areas of forests, houses and crops. It can also hurt or even kill people and animals, and make the air very dirty. If you are in a forest when a wildfire starts, the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic. You should run to an open place as quickly as possible, such as a field, a road or a clearing, because there are no trees or grass to help the fire burn. You should also cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth to stop breathing in harmful smoke. 野火一旦燃起，会迅速蔓延，大片森林、房屋和农作物都会被烧毁。它还会伤及甚至夺走人和动物的生命，同时严重污染空气。如果身处林区遭遇野火，最重要的是保持冷静、切勿惊慌。要尽快跑到开阔地带，比如田野、道路或是林间空地，这些地方没有草木助燃。同时要用湿布捂住口鼻，避免吸入有毒烟雾。 If you are at home when a wildfire comes, you should close all the doors and windows tightly to keep smoke out. You should also turn off the gas and electricity to stop fires or explosions. 倘若野火来袭时你正在家中，务必紧闭所有门窗，阻挡浓烟进入。还要关掉燃气和电源，防止火情扩大或引发爆炸。 Firefighters and volunteers often work very hard to put out wildfires. They risk their lives to save people and protect homes. Sometimes, they make firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to prevent the fire from spreading. 消防员和志愿者们常常奋力扑救野火，他们冒着生命危险救助群众、守护家园。有时他们会开辟防火隔离带 —— 也就是清除草木的空地，以此阻止火势蔓延。 Besides, we can also do something to stop wildfires in our daily life. We should never start fires in the forest, and we should be very careful with matches and lighters, especially in dry weather. We should also tell our friends and family about the danger of wildfires and work together to protect our environment. 此外，我们在日常生活中也能采取行动预防野火。切勿在林区用火，天干物燥时，使用火柴、打火机更要格外小心。我们也可以向亲友宣传野火的危害，携手共同保护自然环境。 【长难句分析】 1. They can be caused by many things, such as lightning strikes in dry forests, people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires, and hot weather that makes plants dry and easy to burn. ‌翻译:‌ 野火可由多种因素引发，例如干旱森林中的雷击、人们未熄灭篝火这类疏忽行为，以及会让植被干枯、极易燃烧的高温天气。 ‌重点:句式：被动语态 + 并列举例 + 定语从句 主干：They can be caused by many things（一般现在时被动语态） 结构拆解： such as 后接三个并列名词短语，作举例说明：① lightning strikes in dry forests② people’s carelessness like not putting out campfires③ hot weather 定语从句：that makes plants dry and easy to burn，关系代词that指代先行词hot weather，在从句中作主语； 固定结构：make + 宾语 + 形容词（使某物处于某种状态）。 重点短语：put out 熄灭 2.If you are in a forest when a wildfire starts, the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic. ‌翻译:‌ 如果野火燃起时你正在森林里，最重要的事就是保持冷静，不要惊慌。 ‌重点:句式：嵌套时间状语从句的条件状语从句 + 主系表结构 整体结构： 外层：If you are in a forest 条件状语从句 内层：when a wildfire starts 时间状语从句，嵌套在条件从句中 主句：the most important thing is to stay calm and not panic 语法要点： 主句表语：to stay calm and not panic 动词不定式作表语； 最高级：the most important（多音节形容词最高级）。 3.Sometimes, they make firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to prevent the fire from spreading. ‌翻译:‌ 有时他们会开辟防火隔离带，也就是没有树木和草木的空地，以此阻止火势蔓延。 ‌重点: 句式：主句 + 非限制性定语从句 + 目的状语 主干：they make firebreaks（主谓宾） 结构拆解： 非限制性定语从句：which are areas without trees or grass，which 指代先行词firebreaks，从句前后用逗号隔开，起补充解释作用； 目的状语：to prevent the fire from spreading 动词不定式表动作目的； 固定搭配：prevent ... from doing sth. 阻止…… 做某事。 【重难点单词梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火；森林大火 do harm to /duː hɑːm tuː/ 短语 对…… 造成伤害 lightning strike /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ straɪk/ 短语 雷击 carelessness /ˈkeələsnəs/ n. 粗心，疏忽 put out /pʊt aʊt/ 短语 熄灭；扑灭 spread /spred/ v. 蔓延；扩散 crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼，农作物 panic /ˈpænɪk/ v./n. 惊慌，恐慌 clearing /ˈklɪərɪŋ/ n. 林间空地 tightly /ˈtaɪtli/ adv. 紧紧地，牢固地 explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/ n. 爆炸 firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ n. 消防员 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 实战演练 Passage1 Getting Ready for a Typhoon Typhoon Wipha is coming. Everyone in our community should make preparations. When to buy: From July 11th to July 18th, 2025 Where to buy: nearby supermarket What do you need at home for a typhoon? Emergency bag with medicines Flashlight, batteries, and power bank Battery-powered radio Repair tools Clothes to keep warm 3-5 days drinking water Food for 3 days Cleaning products Tips for getting ready for a typhoon: 1. Prepare all the things you need for a typhoon. 2. Close all doors and windows tightly (紧紧地). 3. Move the flowers and other things indoors. 4. Stay at home and listen for typhoon news. (If you want to know more about tips, you can scan the QR code.) 1．When should people buy things they need for the typhoon? A．In May. B．Only on weekends. C．From July 11 to July 18. D．After the typhoon comes. 2．Which of the following is NOT you need at home for a typhoon from the passage? A．A television. B．Food for 3 days. C．Battery-powered radio. D．Clothes to keep warm. 3．What should people do to get ready for a typhoon? A．Leave doors and windows open. B．Prepare things needed. C．Go outside to check the weather. D．Leave flowers or plants in the open air. 4．What can people get by scanning the QR code? A．A map of the city B．Some emergency food C．A list of online shops D．More typhoon safety tips 5．In which column (专栏) of a magazine can we read the text? A．Health B．Sports C．A safety guide D．Animals 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【详解】1．文中明确提到“When to buy: From July 11th to July 18th, 2025”，时间从7月11日到7月18日。 2．文中列出的物资包括：Emergency bag with medicines、Flashlight、Battery-powered radio、Repair tools、Clothes to keep warm、3-5 days drinking water、Food for 3 days、Cleaning products，没有提到电视。 3．第一条建议就是“Prepare all the things you need for a typhoon”。准备台风所需的一切东西。 4．文末提到“If you want to know more about tips, you can scan the QR code.”，说明扫码可以获取更多台风安全提示。 5．全文围绕台风安全准备展开，属于安全指南类内容，因此最可能出现在杂志的“安全指南”专栏。 Passage2 The Floating Gardens of Bangladesh (孟加拉国) In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens. For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform. On these floating beds, they grow vegetables like spinach, eggplant, and pumpkins. “When the floods come, our land disappears under water,” explained farmer Muhammad Islam, “but our gardens float. We don’t lose our crops.” The floating gardens do more than just provide food. They also create jobs for women in rural (乡村的) communities. Women help build the rafts and harvest the vegetables, earning money for their families. Climate change has made flooding more terrible in Bangladesh. Sea levels are rising, and storms are becoming stronger. For many farmers, floating gardens are no longer just a tradition, they are a necessity. Scientists from around the world have come to study these gardens. They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar. “This is traditional knowledge that is becoming more valuable every year,” said Dr. Amina Rahman, a researcher from Dhaka University.“The farmers figured out how to live with nature instead of fighting against it.” Today, more than 100,000 families in Bangladesh use floating gardens. The government is helping to spread the technique to other regions. As one farmer put it, “The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.” 1．What problem do farmers in Bangladesh face? A．They don’t have enough land for farming. B．The soil is too dry for growing vegetables. C．Their land often floods and goes underwater. D．They don’t have enough workers to farm. 2．How do farmers create floating gardens? A．They build wooden platforms above the water. B．They use water hyacinths to build floating rafts. C．They grow vegetables directly in the river. D．They use rafts to take water out of the fields. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the water B．the technique C．the floating garden D．the land 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Floating gardens cost much money. B．Floating gardens suit flood-prone areas. C．Only simple fruits are grown here. D．It is a new modern invention for farming. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Terrible floods in Bangladesh. B．Ways for village women to make money. C．Useful floating gardens in Bangladesh. D．Traditional food in South Asia. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【详解】1．根据文章第一段“In Bangladesh, a country that experiences frequent floods, farmers have found a clever way to grow food even when their land is underwater. They create floating gardens.”可知，孟加拉国农民面临的核心问题是洪水频发导致土地被淹没，无法耕种。 2．根据文章第二段中“For centuries, farmers in this South Asian nation have used water hyacinths (水葫芦) to build floating rafts(木筏). They collect the plants, let them dry slightly, and then layer them together to form a platform.”可知，农民是用水葫芦搭建浮筏来打造漂浮菜园的。 3．根据文章最后一段中“As one farmer put it, ‘The water used to be our enemy. Now we have learned to make it our friend.’”再结合上下文语境，这里的“it”指代的是前文提到的“the water”，体现了农民从对抗洪水到利用洪水的转变。 4．根据文章第六段中“They believe the technique could help farmers in other flood-prone (易涝的) countries, such as Vietnam and Myanmar.”，这说明漂浮菜园这种模式适合洪水多发、易涝的地区，是对全文内容的合理推断。 5．全文围绕孟加拉国的漂浮菜园展开，介绍了它的背景、制作方式、解决的粮食与就业问题，以及推广价值，因此核心主旨是介绍孟加拉国实用的漂浮菜园。 Passage3 Last winter, a heavy snowstorm hit our city. It was the most unforgettable experience of my life. The snow 1 non-stop for two days, and the wind 2 very strongly. My family and I stayed at home, but we felt really 3 Suddenly, we heard a big crash (巨响). Our old fence (栅栏) 4 down and blocked (堵塞) the door. The power went out, and the room became cold 5 . My mom told us to move to the living room with blankets, hot water, and candles. The storm lasted for 6 hours. During the night, we could hear the wind howling and snow hitting the windows. My little brother was scared, but I tried to stay 7 . I told him the storm would end soon. 8 the sun came up the next morning, the snow finally stopped. We went outside and saw many cars 9 under the snow. Some roofs were damaged. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood got 10 . We were safe, but I will never forget that snowy night. 1．A．fell B．fall C．falls D．fallen 2．A．blew B．grew C．flew D．drove 3．A．excited B．nervous C．interested D．surprised 4．A．hit B．cut C．broke D．put 5．A．nowhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．everywhere 6．A．few B．little C．several D．much 7．A．calm B．silent C．quiet D．still 8．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 9．A．lying B．standing C．hiding D．sitting 10．A．ill B．hurt C．afraid D．terrible 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 1．句意：雪连续下了两天，风刮得很猛烈。 文章整体为一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell，符合语境；fall为原形、falls为一般现在时、fallen为过去分词，均不符合时态，故排除。 2．句意：雪连续下了两天，风刮得很猛烈。 描述刮风用动词blow，其过去式为blew，符合语境；grew“成长”、flew“飞”、drove“驾驶”均不符合语境，故排除。 3．句意：我和家人待在家里，但我们感到真的很紧张。 暴风雪肆虐，家人会感到紧张不安，nervous“紧张的”，符合语境；excited“兴奋的”、interested“感兴趣的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合语境，故排除。 4．句意：我们的旧栅栏倒了，堵住了门。 固定搭配break down表示“倒塌/坏掉”，break的过去式为broke，符合语境；hit“撞击”、cut“切”、put“放”均不符合语境，故排除。 5．句意：停电了，房间里到处都很冷。 停电后没有取暖设备，房间里每个地方都很冷，everywhere“到处、处处”符合语境；nowhere“无处”、anywhere“任何地方（多用于否定/疑问句）”、somewhere“某处”均不符合语境，故排除。 6．句意：风暴持续了好几个小时。 hours为可数名词复数，several“几个/数个”，修饰可数名词复数，符合语境；few表否定，little/much修饰不可数名词，均不符合语境，故排除。 7．句意：我的小弟弟很害怕，但我努力保持冷静。 面对风暴，作者努力保持冷静安抚弟弟，calm“冷静的”，符合语境；silent“沉默的”、quiet“安静的”、still“静止的”均不符合语境，故排除。 8．句意：第二天早上当太阳出来时，雪终于停了。 表示“当太阳出来时”，When引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，符合语境；After“……之后”、Before“在……之前”、While“当……时候（后接进行时）”均不符合逻辑，故排除。 9．句意：我们走出去，看到许多汽车躺在雪下。 汽车被雪覆盖，像是“躺”在雪下，lying（lie的现在分词）符合语境；standing“站着”、hiding“藏着”、sitting“坐着”均不符合语境，故排除。 10．句意：幸运的是，我们街区没有人受伤。 暴风雪过后，人们关心的是是否有人受伤，hurt“受伤的”符合语境；ill“生病的”、afraid“害怕的”、terrible“糟糕的”均不符合语境，故排除。 Passage 4 Floods are common natural disasters in the world. They bring much 1 to people’s lives and destroy homes and farmland. Many countries build different projects to stop floods. The Three Gorges Dam is very important in China. It lies 2 the Changjiang River. When 3 rain comes in summer, the river water rises fast. The big dam can 4 the water level. It holds back too much water and sends it out 5 . In the UK, the Thames Barrier works well too. Its big 6 can rise during high tides. It protects London from terrible floods. Most of the land in the Netherlands is low. Its projects can 7 local people from coastal floods. These great projects help people a lot. Besides man-made projects, we should also learn safety 8 . When a flood comes, we must keep 9 . We had better stay in high places and stay away from fast-running water. Natural disasters are dangerous, 10 we can keep safe with good projects and knowledge. 1．A．danger B．fun C．joy D．peace 2．A．in B．on C．of D．with 3．A．light B．heavy C．warm D．cool 4．A．control B．carry C．cover D．clear 5．A．quickly B．safely C．easily D．loudly 6．A．gates B．walls C．trees D．stones 7．A．provide B．push C．protect D．produce 8．A．hobbies B．rules C．dreams D．messages 9．A．nervous B．worried C．calm D．excited 10．A．so B．and C．because D．but 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 1．句意：它们给人们的生活带来很多危险，摧毁了家园和农田。 洪水带来的是danger“危险”，符合语境。fun“乐趣”、joy“快乐”、peace“和平”均不能描述“摧毁家园农田”的负面灾难影响。 2．句意：它位于长江之上。 lie on the Changjiang River“位于长江之上”，大坝坐落在江上，on符合语境。in“在……里面”、of“……的”、with“和”均不能准确表达大坝在江面上方的地理位置。 3．句意：当夏季暴雨来临时，河水迅速上涨。 引起河水快速上涨的是heavy rain“暴雨”，heavy符合语境。light“轻的/小雨”、warm“温暖的”、cool“凉爽的”均不能与“河水迅速上涨”的紧急语境对应。 4．句意：大坝可以控制水位。 大坝的功能是control the water level“控制水位”，control符合语境。carry“搬运”、cover“覆盖”、clear“清理”均不能描述大坝调节水位的核心功能。 5．句意：它挡住过多的水，并安全地将其排放出去。 sends it out safely“安全地排放”，safely符合语境。quickly“快速地”、easily“容易地”、loudly“大声地”均不能体现“安全泄洪”的防洪目的。 6．句意：它的大门可以在涨潮时升起。 泰晤士水闸rise during high tides的是gates“闸门”，符合语境。walls“墙”、trees“树”、stones“石头”均不能对应水闸“可升降闸门”的结构特征。 7．句意：它的工程可以保护当地人民免受沿海洪水的侵袭。 protect sb from“保护某人免受……”，protect符合语境。provide“提供”、push“推”、produce“生产”均不能与from coastal floods构成“保护免受洪水”的固定搭配。 8．句意：除了人造工程，我们还应该学习安全知识。 learn safety rules“学习安全知识/规则”，rules符合语境。hobbies“爱好”、dreams“梦想”、messages“信息”均不能与“洪水来临时如何避险”的语境对应。 9．句意：当洪水来临时，我们必须保持冷静。 面对危险需要keep calm“保持冷静”，calm符合语境。nervous“紧张的”、worried“担心的”、excited“兴奋的”均是负面或不当的应急情绪，不符合安全应对常识。 10．句意：自然灾害很危险，但有了好的工程和知识，我们可以保持安全。 前后为转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。so“所以”表因果、and“和”表并列、because“因为”表原因，均不能体现“虽然危险但能安全度过”的转折逻辑。 Passage 5 It was a warm summer weekend, and my family decided to go camping near the beautiful coast. We 1 our tent and enjoyed a nice lunch by the seaside. In the afternoon, however, things changed 2 . Dark clouds appeared from the west, covering the blue sky. The wind began to 3 harder and harder. Trees started shaking, and the waves became wild. “Oh no!” Dad shouted. “A typhoon is coming!” Mom looked worried and said, “This is really dangerous. We need to find a (n) 4 place right now!” I remembered my geography lessons about 5 . “Don’t panic (恐慌),” I said. “I learned about typhoons at school. We should go to the hillside. It’s safer there.” We soon packed (收拾) our things and moved to higher ground. The wind became 6 . Trees were bending (弯曲), and rain started to 7 heavily. I could feel the 8 of the wind pushing against us. After about an hour, the typhoon passed. “Good job, son!” Dad said. “Your knowledge saved us from 9 .” That night, we sat around and talked about the experience. It made me wonder what would happen 10 I didn’t pay attention in geography class. It was more than just a camping trip—it was a lesson about the importance of knowledge. 1．A．took up B．set up C．filled up D．cleared up 2．A．seriously B．suddenly C．directly D．actually 3．A．shout B．push C．blow D．sing 4．A．empty B．mobile C．clean D．safe 5．A．signs B．disasters C．diseases D．accidents 6．A．stronger B．quicker C．faster D．smaller 7．A．pass B．run C．pour D．leave 8．A．speed B．ability C．force D．effort 9．A．safety B．danger C．fear D．situation 10．A．if B．though C．before D．because 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 1．句意：我们搭建起我们的帐篷，在海边享用了一顿美味的午餐。 根据空后的“our tent”可知，此处考查固定短语set up the tent，意为“搭帐篷”。took up“从事；占用”；filled up“填满、装满”和cleared up“清理”与“搭帐篷”的语境不符。 2．句意：然而在下午，情况突然发生了变化。 根据“Dark clouds appeared from the west, covering the blue sky.”可知，suddenly符合语境，意为“突然地”，符合天气从晴转恶劣的突发情况。seriously“严肃地”；directly“直接地”和actually“事实上”与“天气从晴转恶劣的突发情况”不符。 3．句意：风开始越来越猛烈地刮。 根据“wind”可知，此处blow符合语境，意为“吹；刮”。shout“喊”；push“推”和sing“唱歌”与“风”不搭配。 4．句意：我们现在需要找一个安全的地方！ 根据“This is really dangerous.”可知，此处safe符合语境，意为“安全的”。empty“空的”；mobile“移动的”和clean“干净的”与“恶劣的天气中危险的情况下寻找安全的地方”的语境不符。 5．句意：我想起了地理课上关于灾害的内容。 根据前文“A typhoon is coming!”可知，台风是灾害，disasters“灾害”符合语境。signs“标记”；diseases“疾病”和accidents“事故；意外”与“遇到台风天气想起地理课上学得关于灾害的知识”的语境不符。 6．句意：风变得更猛烈了。 形容“wind”用strong，此处和前文形成对比，用其比较级，排除quicker“更快的”；faster“更快的”和smaller“更小的”。 7．句意：树在弯曲，雨开始猛烈地倾泻。 形容“rain”用pour，意为“倾泻”。pass“经过”；run“跑”和leave“离开”与“雨倾盆而下”的语境不符。 8．句意：我能感觉到风的力量推着我们。 根据“the wind pushing against us”可知，此处force符合语境，形容风的“力量”推着我们。speed“速度”；ability“能力”和effort“努力”与“风推着我们”的语境不符。 9．句意：你的知识把我们从危险中救了出来。 根据“saved us from”可知，此处danger符合语境，意为“危险”。safety“安全”；fear“恐惧”和situation“情形”与“把家人从危险中救出”的语境不符。 10．句意：它让我想知道，如果我在地理课上不认真听讲，会发生什么。 此处“I didn’t pay attention in geography class”是假设，用if引导的条件状语从句，意为“如果”。though“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；before“之前”，引导时间状语从句；because“因为”引导原因状语从句，三者与语境不符。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $