精品解析：北京市平谷实验学校2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末英语试题B卷

平谷实验学校2024-2025学年度八年级上学期英语期末B卷 (2025.01) 考试时间：60分钟 满分：70分 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共4页，共3部分，49道小题。 2. 试题答案一律书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30分) 第一节 方框选词(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。 aware; lead; nutrient; imagine; recycle In a (n) ___1___ world where plants could speak, they would explain how ___2___ helps protect the environment. By turning waste into essential ___3___, the process makes the soil healthier, which helps plants grow better. This idea ___4___ people to some effective ways to live in a more eco-friendly way. We should be ___5___ that even small actions can truly make a greener future. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。 skeptical, permit, guilt, beside, regard When Lily was accused of cheating on the test, many students were ___6___ about it. She sat ___7___ me in class, and I knew she had studied hard the night before. She asked the teacher for ___8___ to explain what happened. I ___9___ her as someone honest and believed she should get a chance to prove it. In the end, the teacher realized it was a misunderstanding, and Lily was not ____10____. 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It’s going to be holidays. ____11____ (hopeful) life will get slower. No rushing around trying to get ready in time, no trying to do things at the last minute. It’s a good habit to learn. Compare fast and slow During term time, most people are in a rush nearly constantly. This has ____12____ (it) own name: “hurry sickness”, which means trying to do too many things at once. Compare that with life in the holidays. When you don’t rush, you can enjoy your meals more, for example. When you are calm, it’s ____13____ (easy) to pack a swimming bag or picnic without forgetting anything. These are skills you can carry on from the holidays into other times of the year. Of course, there are occasions when you need to move fast but learning to do things at a different pace can boost your mood and reduce ____14____ (stress). How is slowing down good for you? Speeding through a task ____15____ (mean) cutting corners and making mistakes, which take more time to fix in the long run. “There is so much we miss when we rush,” says author Amy Arthur. “Slowing down helps us see more.” It also helps you be a better friend. A study shows we have more empathy (being able to understand someone else’s feelings) because we take time to notice ____16____ other people feel. Taking a pause before doing something also helps you think more clearly, and gives your brain time to find creative solutions ____17____ a problem. A different pace It’s not always easy to stop rushing about, especially ____18____ you have lots to do. If this happens, Arthur recommends giving yourself as much time as possible for each task. Try to notice if you start rushing and ____19____ (ask) yourself why you need to, she says. Taking quiet breaks helps you move at a different pace. Digby, aged 12, likes painting. He ____20____ (paint) when we interviewed him. “Sometimes when I get home and I’ve had a busy day, I like to do art so l can slow down and relax,” he said. When life is busy, listening to soothing music or finding a quiet corner and reading a book help you to take time out and recharge your mind. 第三节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 My parents fixed in me the ideas of family, faith and patriotism when I was young. ____21____ we struggled to make ends meet, they stressed to me and my four brothers and sisters how ____22____ we were to live in a great country with ____23____ opportunities. I got my first real job when I was ten. My dad injured his back working in a factory and had to be retrained as a hairstylist. The owner of the shopping center gave Dad a(n) ____24____ on his rent for cleaning the parking lot three nights a week, which meant getting up at 3 a.m. To pick up waste, Dad used a little machine that looked like a lawn mower. Mom and I emptied garbage cans and picked up waste by hand. It took two to three hours to clean the lot. I’d sleep in the car on the way home because of tiredness. I did this for two years, but the lessons I learned have lasted a lifetime. I acquired discipline and a strong work ethic, and learned at an early age the importance of balancing life’s ____25____ interests—in my case, school, homework and a job. This really ____26____ during my senior year of high school, when I worked 40 hours a week at a fast-food restaurant while taking college preparation ____27____. The hard work ____28____: I attended the U.S. Military Academy and went on to receive graduate degrees in law and business from Harvard. ____29____, I joined a big Los Angeles law firm and was elected to the California State Assembly. In these jobs and in everything else I’ve done, I have never forgotten those ____30____ in the parking lot. 21. A. Now that B. If only C. As if D. Even though 22. A. important B. surprising C. fortunate D. satisfying 23. A. several B. limitless C. fewer D. rare 24. A. increase B. order C. discount D. explanation 25. A. competing B. developing C. supporting D. increasing 26. A. helped B. changed C. turned D. improved 27. A. measures B. courses C. messages D. tours 28. A. came true B. took off C. went ahead D. paid off 29. A. However B. Indeed C. Later D. Before 30. A. people B. nights C. cars D. opportunities 第二部分 阅读理解(共一节，30分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A You may not realize it, but you do it all the time. That is, begin with the end in mind. You draw up a plan before you build a house. You read instructions before you make a cake. You create an outline before you write a paper. It’s a common experience in our life. Let’s have a begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience by using your imagination. Find a place where you can be alone. First, clear your mind. Don’t think about anything else. Then breathe deeply, and open your brain wide. Now, let’s come to the key part of the experience. In your mind, picture someone walking toward you about half a block away. At first you can’t see who it is. As this person gets closer and closer, you suddenly realize, believe it or not, it’s you. But it’s not you today, it’s you as you’d like to be one year from now. Now think deeply. Ask yourself the following questions: What have you done with your life over the past year? How do you feel inside? What do you look like? Has your personality grown? Remember, this is you as you would like to be one year from now. You can go back to reality now. If you actually tried this, you probably got in touch with your deeper self. You got a feel for what’s important to you and what goals you’d like to achieve next year. _________ First, you’re at important crossroads in life, and the paths you choose now can influence you forever. Second, if you don’t decide your own future, someone else will do it for you. As Li Ping, a middle school student in Shanghai, discovered beginning with the end in mind is a powerful way to help turn your dreams into realities: When I feel stressed, I’ve found it really helps me. I go someplace where I can be alone, and try to see the whole picture of my dream life—and then I begin to think about what I need to get there. This method started when I was a ninth grader, and today I’m making some of those pictures in mind become a reality. 31. Why does the writer mention the examples in Paragraph 1? A. To tell us when people make preparations. B. To show making preparations is a part of life. C. To teach people how to make daily preparations. D. To show how much one loves making preparations. 32. What’s the most important part of the begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience? A. Finding a quiet place and clearing your mind. B. Taking a deep breath and opening your mind. C. Imagining a younger self walking towards you. D. Picturing what you want to achieve in the future. 33. Which of the following is the most suitable for the _________ in Paragraph 5? A. What can you do to realize your dream? B. How can we start to have an end in mind? C. Why is it important to have an end in mind? D. Who is going to help you choose paths in life? 34. Which idea will Li Ping probably agree with? A. Having an end in mind helps you achieve a goal. B. Imagining a dream life is a way to relax your mind. C. Staying alone can help you deal with your pressure. D. Creating a plan is the easiest way to realize your dream. 35. Which of the following shows the idea of “begin with the end in mind” the best? A. Making a simple plan before building a new house. B. Making a lunch with the food you have in your fridge. C. Deciding to go for a run without considering the distance. D. Selecting a movie to watch based on the type you feel like today. B What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn’t always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it’s of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials, which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our health. Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over-packaged? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible. Location also matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us, and try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a wise choice, because we can go there without driving a car. Durability (耐久性) is key when choosing a green product. A well-made product that lasts is better for the environment than one that breaks quickly. Quality items may cost more at the beginning, but they save money over time and reduce waste. Repairable products are even better, as they can be fixed instead of thrown away. Trendy products often claim to be eco-friendly with labels like “sustainable” or “green-certified,” but it’s important to consider whether they last or are just a short-term trend. So, much of the information about a product should “be taken with a grain of salt”. A truly green product combines durability and sustainability, not just fashion. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy. 36. Which of the following products would the author most likely encourage you to buy? A. Out-of-season fruits at a supermarket. B. Apples imported from another country. C. Strawberries from a local farmer’s market. D. Packaged snacks from a store near your house. 37. Why does the writer suggest choosing products with glass, metal, or paper packaging? A. These materials are easier to reuse or recycle. B. These materials are more energy-efficient to produce. C. These materials reduce harmful chemicals in the product. D. These materials are better for storing and preserving food. 38. The underlined idiom “be taken with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “_________” A. be easily understood B. not be completely believed C. be widely spread D. not be quickly forgotten 39. Which of the following is the best way to choose a green product based on its durability? A. Select a product that is cheap and easy to replace. B. Pick a trendy product with a “green-certified” label. C. Buy a product that is designed to last for many years. D. Choose a product that can be recycled easily after a short use. 40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Reducing Waste B. Recycling Waste C. Staying Green D. Buying Green C In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be complete without oranges. The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also serves as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a long history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would place fruit like oranges, dates (枣子) or persimmons (柿子) beside their children’s pillows, along with red envelopes under the pillow. The tradition was meant to ward off monsters from folk tales. The children would then eat the fruit upon waking up the next morning. There are many explanations for why oranges have come to be considered such a lucky symbol. A major part of that comes from pronunciation. Some say the Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit “ju” sounds like the word for “ji” (good luck). Others point to its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word gold. The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year. The practice is believed to be a sign of good fortune for the rest of the year. Other fruit considered auspicious in Chinese culture include the apple, a homophone for “safety,” and the lychee, homonymic with “profit”. Neither, of course, is nearly as popular as the orange during the festival. Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also widely seen as symbols of good luck. They’ve even inspired Chinese art spanning thousands of years. The ancient poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor (隐喻). A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, accompanied by a gift of oranges, remains the great calligrapher’s (书法家) most famous passages nearly 2,000 years later. Today, the orange is such a popular fruit that people will shell out for the highest quality ones they can find. Meanwhile, the rest looking to buy regular, affordable oranges usually have to deal with demand-driven price rises during Chinese New Year. The fruit has become practically a necessity for the most important holiday in almost every household in China. The tradition of giving oranges during Chinese New Year has also spread to Southeast Asian countries with large ethnic Chinese (华裔) populations. Oranges are exchanged in pairs among relatives as an act of well- wishing. Those with stems and leaves still attached carry extra symbolism of longevity and fertility. 41. What does the underlined word “homophone” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Words that have the same meaning but are pronounced differently. B. Words that are pronounced in the same way but are spelled differently. C. Words that are spelled and pronounced the same but have different meanings. D. Words that are spelled the same but have different pronunciations and meanings. 42. Which of the following is one of the reasons why oranges are a symbol of good fortune in Chinese culture? A. Their stems and leaves still attached. B. Their taste being similar to other lucky fruits. C. Their round shape and reddish-golden color. D. Their connection with the poem “The Orange Tree”. 43. What can we know about oranges during Chinese New Year? A. During the Chinese New Year, you can buy oranges at the best price in a year. B. Oranges are often used in various traditions and practices during Chinese New Year. C. Using oranges in Chinese New Year celebrations becomes popular in the last few decades. D. Oranges are given as gifts to friends and family to ensure safety and profit throughout the year 44. What type of article structure does the author mainly follow? A. Problems and their solutions. B. Development in the time order. C. Descriptions without much analysis. D. Explanation with examples and details. 45. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To discuss the nutritional benefits of oranges for health. B. To introduce the fruits that are eaten during Chinese New Year. C. To show the symbolic importance of oranges during Chinese New Year. D. To explain how oranges are prepared for Chinese New Year celebrations. 第三部分 书面表达(共一节，10分) 第一节 任务型阅读(共4小题;第46-48题各2分，第49题4分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Caring for Wetlands “Look! A black-faced spoonbill (黑脸琵鹭),” said Yan Zihan, a 15-year-old student from Shenzhen, Guangdong. Yan felt very excited to see these rare but important birds at the Futian Mangrove Ecological Park (福田红树林生态公园). “Spoonbills can live happily in Shenzhen because mangroves provide them with food and shelter. Mangroves are special plants that grow in warm places by the sea,” said Ye Mouxin, an expert from the Mangrove Conservation Foundation. China works hard to protect mangroves. China’s mangrove area has increased from 22,000 hectares in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today, making it one of the few countries in the world with an increase in mangrove areas, according to the Global Mangrove Alliance. Recently, the world’s first international mangrove center was set up in Shenzhen. The city is home to 296.18 hectares of mangroves. Local government has tried hard to protect mangroves. For example, back in the 1990s when the city was building a highway along the coast, instead of just knocking down the mangroves, they chose to move the highway 260 meters to the north. This choice helped to save the important mangrove ecosystem in the city. The conservation (保护) of mangroves is also good for the people living in Shenzhen. The park hosts fun events like the spoonbill festival and the otter festival. People can join in games and create picture books about the animals. Students can learn about nature through programs like mangrove investigators and park designers. Since 2019, over 3,000 students and teachers have taken part in educational activities about wetlands at the park, according to Su Chundan from Futian Mangrove Ecological Park. 46. What is the importance of mangroves according to Ye Mouxin? _________________________________________________________________________________ 47. How has China’s mangrove area changed since 2001? _________________________________________________________________________________ 48. How did the local government protect mangroves during the construction of a highway along the coast in the 1990s? _________________________________________________________________________________ 49. Many animals today are in danger of becoming extinct, according to recent studies. Conservationist (环保主义者) Harvey Locke has a plan: he wants to reserve 50% of the world for wildlife. Is it a good idea? Should we give up half of the planet to wildlife? Give at least two reasons. _________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 平谷实验学校2024-2025学年度八年级上学期英语期末B卷 (2025.01) 考试时间：60分钟 满分：70分 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共4页，共3部分，49道小题。 2. 试题答案一律书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30分) 第一节 方框选词(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。 aware; lead; nutrient; imagine; recycle In a (n) ___1___ world where plants could speak, they would explain how ___2___ helps protect the environment. By turning waste into essential ___3___, the process makes the soil healthier, which helps plants grow better. This idea ___4___ people to some effective ways to live in a more eco-friendly way. We should be ___5___ that even small actions can truly make a greener future. 【答案】1. imaginary 2. recycling 3. nutrients 4. leads 5. aware 【解析】 【导语】本文借植物会说话的假想，介绍了回收利用对环境和土壤的益处，呼吁大家重视环保，从小事做起，共创绿色未来。 【1题详解】 句意：在一个想象中的世界里，假如植物能够说话，它们会讲述回收利用如何保护环境。此处修饰名词world，且根据后文“植物会说话”可知这是一个虚构的世界，应填imagine 的形容词形式imaginary“虚构的，想象的”。 【2题详解】 句意：在一个想象中的世界里，假如植物能够说话，它们会讲述回收利用如何保护环境。此处作从句主语，表示“回收利用”这一行为，应用recycle的动名词形式recycling。 【3题详解】 句意：回收能将废弃物转化为必需的养分，让土壤变得更肥沃，助力植物茁壮成长。土壤中通常包含多种养分，nutrient意为“养分”，是可数名词。且前面有essential修饰，习惯上用复数形式nutrients表泛指。 【4题详解】 句意：这个理念引导人们践行各种行之有效的环保生活方式。根据“people to some effective ways…”可知，空处指“引导”，需谓语动词lead，主语idea是单数第三人称，时态为一般现在时，将lead变为三单形式leads，符合语法和“引导人们找到环保方法”的语义。 【5题详解】 句意：我们应当意识到，即便是微小的举动，也能真正缔造绿意盎然的未来。固定搭配be aware that... 意为“意识到……”，aware为形容词，符合句法结构，无需变形。 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。 skeptical, permit, guilt, beside, regard When Lily was accused of cheating on the test, many students were ___6___ about it. She sat ___7___ me in class, and I knew she had studied hard the night before. She asked the teacher for ___8___ to explain what happened. I ___9___ her as someone honest and believed she should get a chance to prove it. In the end, the teacher realized it was a misunderstanding, and Lily was not ____10____. 【答案】6. skeptical 7. beside 8. permission 9. regarded 10. guilty 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了莉莉被指控考试作弊后，作者相信她的为人并支持她解释，最终澄清误会的故事。 【6题详解】 句意：当莉莉被指控考试作弊时，许多学生对此表示怀疑。be skeptical about是固定搭配，意为“对……表示怀疑”，符合语境，故填skeptical。 【7题详解】 句意：她上课时坐在我旁边，我知道她前一天晚上学习得很努力。此处表示方位，beside意为“在……旁边”，表示位置关系，故填beside。 【8题详解】 句意：她请求老师允许她解释发生的事情。ask for permission是固定搭配，意为“请求许可”，permit在此处需变为抽象名词permission，故填permission。 【9题详解】 句意：我把她看作是一个诚实的人。regard...as...意为“把……看作……"，全文叙述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，故填regarded。 【10题详解】 句意：最后老师发现这是一场误会，莉莉是无罪的。be guilty意为“有罪的”，guilt是名词，此处作表语需用形容词形式guilty，故填guilty。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It’s going to be holidays. ____11____ (hopeful) life will get slower. No rushing around trying to get ready in time, no trying to do things at the last minute. It’s a good habit to learn. Compare fast and slow During term time, most people are in a rush nearly constantly. This has ____12____ (it) own name: “hurry sickness”, which means trying to do too many things at once. Compare that with life in the holidays. When you don’t rush, you can enjoy your meals more, for example. When you are calm, it’s ____13____ (easy) to pack a swimming bag or picnic without forgetting anything. These are skills you can carry on from the holidays into other times of the year. Of course, there are occasions when you need to move fast but learning to do things at a different pace can boost your mood and reduce ____14____ (stress). How is slowing down good for you? Speeding through a task ____15____ (mean) cutting corners and making mistakes, which take more time to fix in the long run. “There is so much we miss when we rush,” says author Amy Arthur. “Slowing down helps us see more.” It also helps you be a better friend. A study shows we have more empathy (being able to understand someone else’s feelings) because we take time to notice ____16____ other people feel. Taking a pause before doing something also helps you think more clearly, and gives your brain time to find creative solutions ____17____ a problem. A different pace It’s not always easy to stop rushing about, especially ____18____ you have lots to do. If this happens, Arthur recommends giving yourself as much time as possible for each task. Try to notice if you start rushing and ____19____ (ask) yourself why you need to, she says. Taking quiet breaks helps you move at a different pace. Digby, aged 12, likes painting. He ____20____ (paint) when we interviewed him. “Sometimes when I get home and I’ve had a busy day, I like to do art so l can slow down and relax,” he said. When life is busy, listening to soothing music or finding a quiet corner and reading a book help you to take time out and recharge your mind. 【答案】11. Hopefully 12. its 13. easier 14. stress 15. means 16. how 17. to 18. when 19. ask 20. was painting 【解析】 【导语】本文对比快慢节奏的生活，讲解放慢节奏的诸多益处，并给出了放慢生活脚步、缓解忙碌的实用方法。 【11题详解】 句意：希望生活节奏会慢下来。空处需要副词修饰整个句子，hopeful的副词形式是hopefully， 【12题详解】 句意：这有自己的名字：“匆忙病”，指的是试图同时做太多事情。修饰名词name，需要用形容词性物主代词。it的形容词性物主代词是its。one’s own是固定搭配，意为“某人自己的”。 【13题详解】 句意：当你冷静的时候，收拾游泳包或野餐东西时就不容易忘记东西。前文说“不匆忙时能更好地享受食物”，这里说“冷静时做什么更容易”，与匆忙时形成对比，用比较级easier。 【14题详解】 句意：当然，有时你需要迅速行动，但学会以不同的节奏做事能够改善你的心情，并减轻压力。reduce stress是固定搭配，意为“减轻压力”，其中stress为不可数名词。 【15题详解】 句意：匆忙完成任务意味着偷工减料和犯错，这些错误从长远来看会花费更多时间来修复。这里讲述客观情况，使用一般现在时；主语“Speeding through a task”是动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，mean的第三人称单数是means。 【16题详解】 句意：一项研究表明，我们之所以能更有同理心(即能够理解他人的情感)，是因为我们会花时间去留意他人的感受。how other people feel意为“别人感受如何”，how引导宾语从句，表示“怎样、如何”。 【17题详解】 句意：在做某事之前先停顿一下，也有助于你更清晰地思考，并让大脑有时间去寻找解决问题的创新方案。solution to a problem是固定搭配，意为“问题的解决方案”。 【18题详解】 句意：要停下来不再匆忙行事并非总是件容易的事，尤其是当你有很多事情要处理的时候。此处缺少一个时间连词，使用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。when you have lots to do意为“当你有很多事情要做时”。 【19题详解】 句意：试着注意你是否开始匆忙，并问自己为什么需要这样。and 连接两个并列动词，前面是start rushing，后面是ask yourself，时态保持一致，用动词原形。 【20题详解】 句意：我们采访他时，他正在画画。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时(interviewed)，主句描述当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语“He”为第三人称单数，使用be动词was，paint的现在分词为painting. 第三节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 My parents fixed in me the ideas of family, faith and patriotism when I was young. ____21____ we struggled to make ends meet, they stressed to me and my four brothers and sisters how ____22____ we were to live in a great country with ____23____ opportunities. I got my first real job when I was ten. My dad injured his back working in a factory and had to be retrained as a hairstylist. The owner of the shopping center gave Dad a(n) ____24____ on his rent for cleaning the parking lot three nights a week, which meant getting up at 3 a.m. To pick up waste, Dad used a little machine that looked like a lawn mower. Mom and I emptied garbage cans and picked up waste by hand. It took two to three hours to clean the lot. I’d sleep in the car on the way home because of tiredness. I did this for two years, but the lessons I learned have lasted a lifetime. I acquired discipline and a strong work ethic, and learned at an early age the importance of balancing life’s ____25____ interests—in my case, school, homework and a job. This really ____26____ during my senior year of high school, when I worked 40 hours a week at a fast-food restaurant while taking college preparation ____27____. The hard work ____28____: I attended the U.S. Military Academy and went on to receive graduate degrees in law and business from Harvard. ____29____, I joined a big Los Angeles law firm and was elected to the California State Assembly. In these jobs and in everything else I’ve done, I have never forgotten those ____30____ in the parking lot. 21. A. Now that B. If only C. As if D. Even though 22. A. important B. surprising C. fortunate D. satisfying 23. A. several B. limitless C. fewer D. rare 24. A. increase B. order C. discount D. explanation 25. A. competing B. developing C. supporting D. increasing 26. A. helped B. changed C. turned D. improved 27. A. measures B. courses C. messages D. tours 28. A. came true B. took off C. went ahead D. paid off 29. A. However B. Indeed C. Later D. Before 30. A. people B. nights C. cars D. opportunities 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者幼时家境普通，跟随父母辛苦打工历练，早早懂得自律与努力的意义，凭借勤奋收获学业与事业成功，并终生铭记年少历练经历的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：尽管我们一直努力维持生计，但他们还是向我和我的四个兄弟姐妹强调，我们能生活在这样一个充满无限机遇的伟大国家里是多么幸运。 “we struggled to make ends meet”和“we were to live in a great country”表明家境拮据与心怀感恩形成转折让步关系，Even though“即使”符合。Now that“既然”、If only“要是……多好”、As if“好像”，均逻辑不符。 【22题详解】 句意：尽管我们一直努力维持生计，但他们还是向我和我的四个兄弟姐妹强调，我们能生活在这样一个充满无限机遇的伟大国家里是多么幸运。 后文“we were to live in a great country”表明身处伟大国家、拥有诸多机遇是幸运的，fortunate“幸运的”符合语境。important“重要的”、surprising“令人惊讶的”、satisfying“令人满意的”，均不符合文意。 【23题详解】 句意：尽管我们一直努力维持生计，但他们还是向我和我的四个兄弟姐妹强调，我们能生活在这样一个充满无限机遇的伟大国家里是多么幸运。 “a great country”及全文积极基调，表明伟大的国家拥有无限发展机遇，limitless“无限的”符合。several“几个”、fewer“更少的”、rare“稀少的”，均与语境不符。 【24题详解】 句意：购物中心的老板给爸爸减免了部分租金，作为对爸爸每周三个晚上清理停车场这一工作的补偿，这意味着爸爸得在凌晨3点就起床。 后文“for cleaning the parking lot three nights a week”表明，因为打扫停车场而抵扣租金，此处是租金折扣优惠，discount“折扣”符合。increase“增长”、order“订单”、explanation“解释”，均不符合句意。 【25题详解】 句意：我逐渐养成了良好的自律习惯和强烈的工作态度，并在很小的时候就明白了如何平衡生活中相互冲突的各种事务——对我而言，就是学业、家庭作业以及工作。 后文“in my case, school, homework and a job”表明，兼顾学业、作业和工作，多项事务相互冲突、彼此挤占时间，competing“相互冲突的”符合。developing“发展的”、supporting“支持的”、increasing“增长的”，均不符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：这在我高中最后一年的时候确实帮了大忙。当时我每周要在一家快餐店工作40个小时，同时还要修读大学预备课程。 后文“when I worked 40 hours a week at a fast-food restaurant while taking college preparation courses”和“I attended the U.S. Military Academy”表明，作者兼顾打工和预备课程顺利完成学业，说明早年的历练起到帮助作用，helped“帮助”符合。changed“改变”、turned“转变”、improved“提升”，均不符合句意。 【27题详解】 句意：这在我高中最后一年的时候确实帮了大忙。当时我每周要在一家快餐店工作40个小时，同时还要修读大学预备课程。 此处指高中阶段学习大学预备课程，courses“课程”符合。measures“措施”、messages“信息”、tours“旅行”，均与学习场景不符。 【28题详解】 句意：辛勤的努力终于有了回报：我考入了美国陆军学院，并随后在哈佛大学获得了法学和商学的研究生学位。 后文“went on to receive graduate degrees in law and business from Harvard”表明，作者收获优异学业成果，说明努力获得回报，paid off“取得回报”符合。came true“实现”、took off“起飞”、went ahead“继续”，均不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：后来，我加入了洛杉矶的一家大型律师事务所，并当选为加利福尼亚州议会的一员。 根据上下文时间顺序，先完成学业，之后步入职场，Later“后来”符合时间逻辑。However“然而”、Indeed“的确”、Before“之前”，均不符合行文顺序。 【30题详解】 句意：在这些工作中，以及在我所从事的其他所有事情中，我从未忘记过那些在停车场度过的夜晚。 前文“cleaning the parking lot three nights a week, which meant getting up at 3 a.m.”提到作者多年夜间打扫停车场的经历，此处指代过往无数个劳作的夜晚，nights“夜晚”符合。people“人们”、cars“车辆”、opportunities“机遇”，均与回忆的经历不符。 第二部分 阅读理解(共一节，30分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A You may not realize it, but you do it all the time. That is, begin with the end in mind. You draw up a plan before you build a house. You read instructions before you make a cake. You create an outline before you write a paper. It’s a common experience in our life. Let’s have a begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience by using your imagination. Find a place where you can be alone. First, clear your mind. Don’t think about anything else. Then breathe deeply, and open your brain wide. Now, let’s come to the key part of the experience. In your mind, picture someone walking toward you about half a block away. At first you can’t see who it is. As this person gets closer and closer, you suddenly realize, believe it or not, it’s you. But it’s not you today, it’s you as you’d like to be one year from now. Now think deeply. Ask yourself the following questions: What have you done with your life over the past year? How do you feel inside? What do you look like? Has your personality grown? Remember, this is you as you would like to be one year from now. You can go back to reality now. If you actually tried this, you probably got in touch with your deeper self. You got a feel for what’s important to you and what goals you’d like to achieve next year. _________ First, you’re at important crossroads in life, and the paths you choose now can influence you forever. Second, if you don’t decide your own future, someone else will do it for you. As Li Ping, a middle school student in Shanghai, discovered beginning with the end in mind is a powerful way to help turn your dreams into realities: When I feel stressed, I’ve found it really helps me. I go someplace where I can be alone, and try to see the whole picture of my dream life—and then I begin to think about what I need to get there. This method started when I was a ninth grader, and today I’m making some of those pictures in mind become a reality. 31. Why does the writer mention the examples in Paragraph 1? A. To tell us when people make preparations. B. To show making preparations is a part of life. C. To teach people how to make daily preparations. D. To show how much one loves making preparations. 32. What’s the most important part of the begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience? A. Finding a quiet place and clearing your mind. B. Taking a deep breath and opening your mind. C. Imagining a younger self walking towards you. D. Picturing what you want to achieve in the future. 33. Which of the following is the most suitable for the _________ in Paragraph 5? A. What can you do to realize your dream? B. How can we start to have an end in mind? C. Why is it important to have an end in mind? D. Who is going to help you choose paths in life? 34. Which idea will Li Ping probably agree with? A. Having an end in mind helps you achieve a goal. B. Imagining a dream life is a way to relax your mind. C. Staying alone can help you deal with your pressure. D. Creating a plan is the easiest way to realize your dream. 35. Which of the following shows the idea of “begin with the end in mind” the best? A. Making a simple plan before building a new house. B. Making a lunch with the food you have in your fridge. C. Deciding to go for a run without considering the distance. D. Selecting a movie to watch based on the type you feel like today. 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“以终为始”的理念，讲解了体验该理念的具体方法，说明了它对个人人生规划的重要性，还通过上海中学生李平的亲身经历验证了该理念对实现目标的帮助。 【31题详解】 第一段最后一句“It’s a common experience in our life.”，作者列举建房、做蛋糕、写论文前做准备例子，是为了说明事先做准备是生活中常见的一部分。 【32题详解】 第二段中“Now, let’s come to the key part of the experience. In your mind, picture someone walking toward you about half a block away...it’s you as you’d like to be one year from now.”，该体验的关键部分是在脑海中描绘未来一年你想成为的样子，即描绘未来想要达成的目标。 【33题详解】 第五段空白后紧接着列出了两点原因（First... Second...），解释了为什么需要自己决定未来以及当前选择的重要性。因此，空白处应填入关于“为什么心中有目标很重要”的主题句。 【34题详解】 根据最后两段李萍的陈述“beginning with the end in mind is a powerful way to help turn your dreams into realities”以及“today I’m making some of those pictures in mind become a reality.”可知，她认为这种方法能帮助将梦想变为现实，即帮助实现目标。 【35题详解】 “begin with the end in mind”意为“以终为始”，即在做事情之前先规划好最终目标。第一段明确提到“You draw up a plan before you build a house.”，选项A“在建新房前制定一个简单的计划”最符合这一理念。选项B、C、D均缺乏事先基于目标的规划。 B What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn’t always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it’s of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials, which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our health. Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over-packaged? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible. Location also matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us, and try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a wise choice, because we can go there without driving a car. Durability (耐久性) is key when choosing a green product. A well-made product that lasts is better for the environment than one that breaks quickly. Quality items may cost more at the beginning, but they save money over time and reduce waste. Repairable products are even better, as they can be fixed instead of thrown away. Trendy products often claim to be eco-friendly with labels like “sustainable” or “green-certified,” but it’s important to consider whether they last or are just a short-term trend. So, much of the information about a product should “be taken with a grain of salt”. A truly green product combines durability and sustainability, not just fashion. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy. 36. Which of the following products would the author most likely encourage you to buy? A. Out-of-season fruits at a supermarket. B. Apples imported from another country. C. Strawberries from a local farmer’s market. D. Packaged snacks from a store near your house. 37. Why does the writer suggest choosing products with glass, metal, or paper packaging? A. These materials are easier to reuse or recycle. B. These materials are more energy-efficient to produce. C. These materials reduce harmful chemicals in the product. D. These materials are better for storing and preserving food. 38. The underlined idiom “be taken with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “_________” A. be easily understood B. not be completely believed C. be widely spread D. not be quickly forgotten 39. Which of the following is the best way to choose a green product based on its durability? A. Select a product that is cheap and easy to replace. B. Pick a trendy product with a “green-certified” label. C. Buy a product that is designed to last for many years. D. Choose a product that can be recycled easily after a short use. 40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Reducing Waste B. Recycling Waste C. Staying Green D. Buying Green 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了如何选择绿色产品，包括关注产品的材料、包装、产地、耐久性等方面，以减少对环境的负面影响。 【36题详解】 根据第四段“When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season.”可知，作者会鼓励购买当地农贸市场上的草莓。 【37题详解】 根据第三段“We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled.”可知，作者建议选择玻璃、金属或纸质包装是因为这些材料更容易重复使用或回收。 【38题详解】 根据第五段“Trendy products often claim to be eco-friendly with labels like ‘sustainable’ or ‘green-certified,’ but it’s important to consider whether they last or are just a short-term trend. So, much of the information about a product should ‘be taken with a grain of salt’.”可知，作者认为许多标有“可持续”或“绿色认证”标签的时尚产品可能只是短期趋势，因此对这些信息应该持保留态度，即不完全相信。 【39题详解】 根据第五段“Durability (耐久性) is key when choosing a green product. A well-made product that lasts is better for the environment than one that breaks quickly.”可知，选择绿色产品时，耐久性是关键，一个经久耐用的产品比一个容易坏的产品对环境更好。因此，最好的方式是选择设计寿命长的产品。 【40题详解】 文章主要讨论了如何选择绿色产品，包括关注产品的材料、包装、产地、耐久性等方面，以减少对环境的负面影响。因此最好的标题是“Buying Green”。 C In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be complete without oranges. The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also serves as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a long history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would place fruit like oranges, dates (枣子) or persimmons (柿子) beside their children’s pillows, along with red envelopes under the pillow. The tradition was meant to ward off monsters from folk tales. The children would then eat the fruit upon waking up the next morning. There are many explanations for why oranges have come to be considered such a lucky symbol. A major part of that comes from pronunciation. Some say the Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit “ju” sounds like the word for “ji” (good luck). Others point to its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word gold. The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year. The practice is believed to be a sign of good fortune for the rest of the year. Other fruit considered auspicious in Chinese culture include the apple, a homophone for “safety,” and the lychee, homonymic with “profit”. Neither, of course, is nearly as popular as the orange during the festival. Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also widely seen as symbols of good luck. They’ve even inspired Chinese art spanning thousands of years. The ancient poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor (隐喻). A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, accompanied by a gift of oranges, remains the great calligrapher’s (书法家) most famous passages nearly 2,000 years later. Today, the orange is such a popular fruit that people will shell out for the highest quality ones they can find. Meanwhile, the rest looking to buy regular, affordable oranges usually have to deal with demand-driven price rises during Chinese New Year. The fruit has become practically a necessity for the most important holiday in almost every household in China. The tradition of giving oranges during Chinese New Year has also spread to Southeast Asian countries with large ethnic Chinese (华裔) populations. Oranges are exchanged in pairs among relatives as an act of well- wishing. Those with stems and leaves still attached carry extra symbolism of longevity and fertility. 41. What does the underlined word “homophone” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Words that have the same meaning but are pronounced differently. B. Words that are pronounced in the same way but are spelled differently. C. Words that are spelled and pronounced the same but have different meanings. D. Words that are spelled the same but have different pronunciations and meanings. 42. Which of the following is one of the reasons why oranges are a symbol of good fortune in Chinese culture? A. Their stems and leaves still attached. B. Their taste being similar to other lucky fruits. C. Their round shape and reddish-golden color. D. Their connection with the poem “The Orange Tree”. 43. What can we know about oranges during Chinese New Year? A. During the Chinese New Year, you can buy oranges at the best price in a year. B. Oranges are often used in various traditions and practices during Chinese New Year. C. Using oranges in Chinese New Year celebrations becomes popular in the last few decades. D. Oranges are given as gifts to friends and family to ensure safety and profit throughout the year 44. What type of article structure does the author mainly follow? A. Problems and their solutions. B. Development in the time order. C. Descriptions without much analysis. D. Explanation with examples and details. 45. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To discuss the nutritional benefits of oranges for health. B. To introduce the fruits that are eaten during Chinese New Year. C. To show the symbolic importance of oranges during Chinese New Year. D. To explain how oranges are prepared for Chinese New Year celebrations. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕橙子在中国春节文化中的特殊地位展开，介绍了橙子成为春节标志性水果的历史渊源、吉祥寓意、文化象征，以及相关习俗的传播与影响。 【41题详解】 根据第四段“Other fruit considered auspicious...include the apple, a homophone for ‘safety’”可知，苹果在中国文化中被视为吉祥水果，是因为“苹果”的发音与“平安”相似。Homophone意为“同音词”，即发音相同但拼写不同的词。 【42题详解】 根据第五段第一句“Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also widely seen as symbols of good luck.”可知，除了名字吉祥外，橙子红金色的颜色和圆形的形状也被广泛视为好运的象征。 【43题详解】 通读全文可知，橘子在春节中用于装饰、食用、放在枕头旁驱邪、作为礼物交换等，涉及多种传统和习俗。 【44题详解】 文章首先提出橘子在春节很重要这一现象，接着通过历史传统、发音寓意、外形特征、艺术灵感等多个方面进行解释，并列举了清朝习俗、屈原诗歌、王羲之书信等具体例子和细节。因此，文章主要遵循“通过例子和细节进行解释说明”的结构。 【45题详解】 文章通篇围绕橘子在中国春节期间的文化意义展开，介绍了其作为幸运象征的原因、历史传统及现代影响。选项C“展示橘子在中国春节期间的象征重要性”最能概括文章主旨。 第三部分 书面表达(共一节，10分) 第一节 任务型阅读(共4小题;第46-48题各2分，第49题4分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Caring for Wetlands “Look! A black-faced spoonbill (黑脸琵鹭),” said Yan Zihan, a 15-year-old student from Shenzhen, Guangdong. Yan felt very excited to see these rare but important birds at the Futian Mangrove Ecological Park (福田红树林生态公园). “Spoonbills can live happily in Shenzhen because mangroves provide them with food and shelter. Mangroves are special plants that grow in warm places by the sea,” said Ye Mouxin, an expert from the Mangrove Conservation Foundation. China works hard to protect mangroves. China’s mangrove area has increased from 22,000 hectares in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today, making it one of the few countries in the world with an increase in mangrove areas, according to the Global Mangrove Alliance. Recently, the world’s first international mangrove center was set up in Shenzhen. The city is home to 296.18 hectares of mangroves. Local government has tried hard to protect mangroves. For example, back in the 1990s when the city was building a highway along the coast, instead of just knocking down the mangroves, they chose to move the highway 260 meters to the north. This choice helped to save the important mangrove ecosystem in the city. The conservation (保护) of mangroves is also good for the people living in Shenzhen. The park hosts fun events like the spoonbill festival and the otter festival. People can join in games and create picture books about the animals. Students can learn about nature through programs like mangrove investigators and park designers. Since 2019, over 3,000 students and teachers have taken part in educational activities about wetlands at the park, according to Su Chundan from Futian Mangrove Ecological Park. 46. What is the importance of mangroves according to Ye Mouxin? _________________________________________________________________________________ 47. How has China’s mangrove area changed since 2001? _________________________________________________________________________________ 48. How did the local government protect mangroves during the construction of a highway along the coast in the 1990s? _________________________________________________________________________________ 49. Many animals today are in danger of becoming extinct, according to recent studies. Conservationist (环保主义者) Harvey Locke has a plan: he wants to reserve 50% of the world for wildlife. Is it a good idea? Should we give up half of the planet to wildlife? Give at least two reasons. _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. They provide food and shelter. 47. It has increased from 22,000 hectares to 27,000 hectares. 48. They chose to move the highway 260 meters to the north. 49. Yes, it is. Because it protects biodiversity and maintains ecological balance. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了深圳福田红树林生态公园保护黑脸琵鹭及红树林的具体措施、面积变化成效以及保护湿地对人类和自然的好处。 【46题详解】 根据第二段“Spoonbills can live happily in Shenzhen because mangroves provide them with food and shelter.”可知，红树林的重要性在于为鸟类提供生存所需，关键信息可以从原文提取。 【47题详解】 根据第三段“China’s mangrove area has increased from 22,000 hectares in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today”可知，中国的红树林面积已从2001年的22000公顷增加到了如今的27000公顷，关键信息可以从原文提取。 【48题详解】 根据第四段“they chose to move the highway 260 meters to the north.”可知，当地政府通过调整公路路线来保护红树林，可结合原文句子关键信息给出答案。 【49题详解】 开放性试题，可结合文章保护自然的主题作答。根据文章第五段“The conservation (保护) of mangroves is also good for the people living in Shenzhen.”可知，保护野生动物对生态和人类均有益，因此支持该计划。参考答案为Yes, it is. Because it protects biodiversity and maintains ecological balance. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $