精品解析：2026年河南省洛阳市洛龙区一模英语试题卷

2025-2026学年第二学期期中学科素养调研 九年级英语 满分120分 时间：100分钟 听力部分（共20分） 一、听力理解（每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the boy do this weekend? A. Visit the Henan Museum. B. Practice Tai Chi. C. Watch a football game. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 3. How is the weather now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Snowy. 4. How will they go to the park? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot. 5. What festival are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The Dragon Boat Festival. B. The Mid - Autumn Festival. C. The Spring Festival. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the boy want to buy? A. A new bag. B. A pair of shoes. C. A basketball. 7. How much does it cost? A. 120 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 200 yuan. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. What is the girl going to do after school? A. Go swimming. B. Play the piano. C. Do her homework. 9. What time will they meet? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:10. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to improve English. B. How to make friends. C. How to stay healthy. 11. What does the speaker suggest doing every day? A. Reading for 30 minutes. B. Writing a diary. C. Listening to English songs. 12. How can students practice speaking? A. By talking to foreigners. B. By joining an English club. C. By watching English movies. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13. Why does the boy want to learn Erhu? A. For a school performance. B. For his grandfather’s birthday. C. For a cultural exchange program. 14. How often will he take lessons? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 15. What does the teacher suggest him to do first? A. Buy an Erhu. B. Listen to some famous pieces. C. Learn basic musical theory. 第三节 听短文填空。听下面一篇短文，根据你听到的短文内容填写所缺的单词。 短文读两遍。 Traditional Culture Week Time From 16_______10th to 14th Theme 17_______ the Beauty of Henan Activities 1. Henan opera performance at the school hall 2. Chinese painting workshop in Room 205 A 18_______event: Folk music concert on Thursday evening For whom All 19_______and teachers Note Wear traditional clothes on 20_______ for photos 16. ________ 17. ________ 18. ________ 19. ________ 20. ________ 笔试部分（共100分） 二、阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分） A Volunteering is a meaningful way to make the world a better place. Here are four great volunteer activities for you to choose from: English is widely used around the world. If you are fluent in English, you can teach it to people who want to learn, like children, village students, adults or new language learners. You can teach at an English club or a community service center. Contact: Ms. Li, 138-1234-5678 Time: Saturdays 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. If you love animals, don’t buy pets from pet shops. In - stead, you can adopt (收养) street dogs or cats. If you don’t want to keep a pet, you can donate money or visit an animal shelter (收容所) to take care of the animals there. Contact: Green Paw Center, 0371-8765-4321 Time: Sundays 2:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Many elderly people live alone and need care and companionship (陪伴). You can visit nursing homes, chat with the elderly, lend a hand to them with daily tasks like reading newspapers or doing housework, or organize small activities such as singing and dancing to make them happy. Contact: Happy Nursing Home, 0371-5555-7788 Time: Saturdays 3:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Keeping the community clean is important for everyone’s life. You can join in community clean-up activities, pick up litter in parks or streets, plant trees and flowers, and help make the neighborhood a more beautiful place to live in. Contact: Community Office, 0371-2233-4455 Time: Every Sunday morning 8:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. When can you volunteer to teach English according to the passage? A. Saturdays 10:00-11:00 a.m. B. Saturdays 9:00-11:30 a.m. C. Saturdays 3:00-5:00 p.m. D. Sundays 8:00-10:00 a.m. 2. If Jack loves animals but cannot keep a pet at home, what can he do? A. Buy a pet from a pet shop. B. Teach English at a community center. C. Visit an animal shelter on Sunday afternoons. D. Help clean up the park every Saturday morning. 3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to care for the elderly? A. Chatting with them. B. Cooking meals for them. C. Organizing singing activities. D. Helping them read newspapers. 4. What does the underlined phrase “lending a hand” mean? A. borrow hands. B. give help. C. take a class. D. make money. 5. Where can you read this passage? A. A letter. B. An email. C. A poster. D. A story. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了四种志愿活动，分别说明了服务内容、联系方式及服务时间，号召参与志愿。 【1题详解】 根据“Volunteer to teach English”板块，时间为“Saturdays 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.”，对应选项A。 【2题详解】 材料中“Volunteer to help animals”部分提到：“If you don’t want to keep a pet, you can...visit an animal shelter to take care of the animals there.”且该活动时间为Sundays 2:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m.，与选项C匹配。 【3题详解】 材料中“Volunteer to care for the elderly”部分提到的活动包括：“chat with the elderly, lend a hand with daily tasks like reading newspapers or doing housework, or organize small activities such as singing and dancing”，照顾老人的方式包括聊天、读报、做家务、组织歌舞活动，未提及做饭（Cooking meals）。 【4题详解】 “lend a hand”意为“帮忙、提供帮助”，与后文“with daily tasks（日常任务）”语境一致，指帮助老人做日常事务。 【5题详解】 本文是介绍4类志愿活动的信息，格式清晰、带有联系方式和时间，最可能出现在海报（poster）上。 B As winter comes this week, I hope my new story reminds you of the light around and within you. It was a gray and gloomy day. The sky had been cloudy for three days straight. Even when it wasn’t raining, there was little light. It seemed like all the colors of the world had faded because of the gray sky, a boring preview of the many winter days ahead. I was driving home, feeling tired and worn out from the lack of sunlight. I put on some music to cheer myself up, but it didn’t help much. I changed to another CD. Suddenly, “Joy to the World” started playing, and I smiled—it had always been one of my favorite songs. Since no one was with me, I began to sing along in my weak, rough voice. Just then, a gap appeared in the clouds, and a beam of sun-light broke through. It shone through my windshield and fell on my face like a warm kiss. I enjoyed its light and warmth, feeling great joy. I blinked back my teary eyes and kept singing. Soon, the gap closed, and the sun disappeared again. But its light stayed in my heart. I was grateful for this small wonder that had refreshed my tired heart, and I sang all the way home. Life has its share of gloomy (阴沉的) days, not just in the sky. When these days come, you have two choices: you can let yourself be sad, or you can be the light that finds a gap in the clouds to cheer others’ hearts. For me, I will always choose the light. I will remember that love is within us, and I will try my best to share that love with the world. Find that gap in the clouds. Try your best to bring more light, joy and love to this world. 6. Why did the writer put on some music? A. To practice singing. B. To cheer herself up. C. To kill time during the drive. D. To celebrate Christmas early. 7. What does the underlined word “faded” mean in paragraph 2? A. 鲜艳的 B. 多样的 C. 丰富的 D. 褪色的 8. What made the writer start to smile during the drive home? A. The warm weather on the winter day. B. The beautiful view outside the windshield. C. The sunlight that broke through the clouds. D. The favorite song “Joy to the World” playing. 9. What kind of person is the writer? A. Shy and quiet. B. Lazy and careless. C. Positive and warm-hearted. D. Negative and pessimistic. 10. What does “the light” refer to in the sentence “I hope my new story reminds you of the light around and within you”? A. A kind of warm feeling. B. The light of the CD player in the car. C. The sunlight through the gap in the clouds. D. A positive attitude and the love we can share. 【答案】6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者在连续阴天、缺少阳光的冬日驾车回家途中，因听到喜爱的歌曲、偶遇穿云而出的阳光重获愉悦与力量，由此感悟到人生也会有“阴沉”时刻，人们应当选择成为光，主动向世界传递爱与正能量，呼吁大家为世界带去更多光明、喜悦与关爱。 【6题详解】 根据第二段“I put on some music to cheer myself up, but it didn’t help much.”可知，作者播放音乐的目的是让自己振作起来。 【7题详解】 根据“It was a gray and gloomy day. The sky had been cloudy for three days straight. Even when it wasn’t raining, there was little light. It seemed like all the colors of the world had faded because of the gray sky, a boring preview of the many winter days ahead.”可知，连续阴天，光线不足，灰暗的天空让世界原本的色彩都变得暗淡。这里“faded”意为“褪色的”。 【8题详解】 根据第三段“I changed to another CD. Suddenly, “Joy to the World” started playing, and I smiled—it had always been one of my favorite songs”可知，作者最喜欢的歌曲《Joy to the World》开始播放后，作者露出了微笑。 【9题详解】 根据第四段“For me, I will always choose the light. I will remember that love is within us, and I will try my best to share that love with the world.”可知，作者面对人生的不顺时刻，选择成为照亮自己和他人的光，并表示会尽力向世界分享内心的爱，可推知作者是积极乐观、热心温暖的人。 【10题详解】 根据全文可知，这里的“the light”指代积极的生活态度以及我们可以分享的爱。 C Light Pollution Affects Birds’ Sleep Birds are famous for waking up early. But a new study finds light pollution makes them wake even earlier and sleep later—losing about 50 minutes of sleep each night. Brent Pease, a teacher from Southern Illinois University, tried a special device (装置) called PUC, made by BirdWeather. It records bird songs, uses AI to identify birds, and collects time, location and weather data. BirdWeather gets information from PUCs worldwide, with over 1.4 billion bird songs detected (检测到). Researchers used this data to study light pollution’s effect on birds. Light pollution happens when too much artificial (人造的) light, like that from streetlights or buildings, makes the night much brighter than normal. Light pollution affects roughly 23% of the planet. It’s known that bright city lights can be confusing and deadly for migrating birds. But the researchers wanted to find out how birds were affected when they lived in areas with light pollution. They looked at over 60 million calls from 583 daytime bird species. With satellite images, they compared call times to light pollution levels. The result: birds in bright areas sang 18 minutes earlier in the morning and 32 minutes longer at night. Birds with bigger eyes (like American robins) were more affected. Some robins even sang two hours before sunrise! But birds nesting in dark places (such as tree holes) were hardly influenced. The scientists say it’s worrying that the natural patterns of birds are being interrupted (被打乱). But they say it’s too early to tell if staying up longer is actually harmful to the birds. They say it’s possible that the birds are adjusting somehow. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11. What is the main finding of the new study about birds and light pollution? A. Birds are waking up later because of artificial light. B. Birds with bigger eyes are less affected by light pollution. C. Light pollution only affects migrating birds, not daytime birds. D. Light pollution is making birds sleep less by about 50 minutes per night. 12. Which of the following is NOT the function of the PUC device? A. Recording the sounds of birds. B. Identifying different kinds of birds with AI. C. Helping birds build more comfortable nests. D. Collecting time, location and weather data. 13. Which group of birds was most affected by light pollution according to the study? A. Birds nesting in tree holes. B. Birds living in dark forests. C. All birds were affected equally D. Birds with bigger eyes, like American robins. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. Light pollution has no influence on migrating birds at all. B. About 77% of the planet is not affected by light pollution. C. All birds will sing much earlier if they live in bright areas. D. Scientists have proved that less sleep is harmful to birds. 15. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4) A. ①/②③/④ B. ①②/③/④ C. ①/②/③/④ D. ①/②③④ 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一项关于光污染对鸟类睡眠影响的研究发现，以及研究方法和结果。 【11题详解】 第一段指出：“light pollution makes them wake even earlier and sleep later—losing about 50 minutes of sleep each night.”，说明光污染让鸟类每晚少睡约50分钟。 【12题详解】 第二段指出PUC设备的功能：“It records bird songs, uses AI to identify birds, and collects time, location and weather data.”，未提及帮助鸟类筑巢。 【13题详解】 第三段指出：“Birds with bigger eyes (like American robins) were more affected.”，说明眼睛较大的鸟类受影响更大。 【14题详解】 第三段指出：“Light pollution affects roughly 23% of the planet.”，说明约23%的地区受光污染影响，因此约77%不受影响。 【15题详解】 文章结构为：第一段总起点明核心观点，第二三段分述介绍研究方法和研究结果，第四段总结意义和思考，符合“①/②③/④”的结构。 D Australia Limits Social Media for Young People On December 10, 2025, a new law took effect in Canberra, Australia: children under 16 are no longer allowed to have accounts (账号) on many popular social media (社交媒体) apps like Snapchat, TikTok and YouTube. Australia is the first country to make such a rule. ____16____ Social media can be a source of pressure and stress, especially for young people. Many people have serious concerns about how social media can affect young people’s mental health. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese says, “____17____” He believes the law will help keep children safe online. ____18____Social media companies and many teens are upset. Critics (批评者) argue it will cut teens off from friends and online support groups. Some people say that instead of forbidding kids, it’s better to help them learn to use social media safely. ____19____ They believe that even if social media can be harmful to young people, the government’s solution isn’t the right way to solve the problem. A big question is how companies will check users’ ages, as kids may lie about their age. Companies that can’t keep under-16 users out will get large fines. ____20____ places like Malaysia and Indonesia are considering similar rules, while some European countries are testing an 18+ verification system (验证系统). 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. However, the law has caused disagreements. B. Australia’s effort is closely watched worldwide. C. Young people need the space to be able to grow up. D. The government aims to protect young people’s mental health. E. Other people believe Australia’s plan is not thought through carefully. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了澳大利亚实施新法律限制16岁以下儿童使用社交媒体，以及该法律引发的支持、反对意见和全球关注。 【16题详解】 根据文章第1段“Social media can be a source of pressure and stress, especially for young people.”可知，政府制定该法律的目的是为了保护年轻人的心理健康，与选项D“政府旨在保护青少年的心理健康。”内容一致。 【17题详解】 根据文章第1段“He believes the law will help keep children safe online.”可知，总理的话应体现对儿童成长的保护，选项C“青少年需要成长的空间。”为直接引语且符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据文章第2段“Social media companies and many teens are upset.”可知，这段主要讲述反对意见，选项A“然而，这项法规引发了诸多争议。”提到法律引起分歧，适合作为本段主题句。 【19题详解】 根据文章第2段“Some people say that instead of forbidding kids, it’s better to help them learn to use social media safely.”可知，此处应承接上文列举另一部分人的观点，E选项“另一些人认为澳大利亚的计划没有经过深思熟虑”对应观点层级，衔接自然。 【20题详解】 根据文章第3段“places like Malaysia and Indonesia are considering similar rules.”可知，澳大利亚的举措引起了其他国家的关注，选项B“澳大利亚的这一举措受到全球瞩目。”，提到全世界密切关注，符合语境。 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Once upon a time, there lived a king. He was a smart king who had only one leg and one eye. Thanks to his ____21____ rule, everyone in his kingdom lived a happy and healthy life. One day, ____22____ walking along the palace hallway, the king saw the portraits (肖像) of his ancestors. He hoped his own portrait could be hung there too, so that his ____23____ would remember him through it in the future. However, the king was ____24____ about his physical disabilities and unsure how his portrait would turn out. He then invited many famous ____25____ from his kingdom and other places to his court, ____26____ that he would give a big reward to whoever could paint a beautiful portrait of him. On hearing this, all the painters felt confused and scared. They thought it was ____27____ to make the disabled king look good in a portrait, and they feared being punished if the king disliked their work. One by one, they made excuses and ____28____ the task. But ____29____, a brave painter stepped forward and said he could create a portrait the king would ____30____. The king was overjoyed and let him start working. After a long time, the painter showed the finished portrait. Everyone in the court was stunned. In the picture, the king was ____31____ a horse, with his good leg on the stirrup and his disabled eye ____32____ as he aimed an arrow with a ____33____. The painter had cleverly ____34____ the king’s shortcomings. The king was very pleased and gave the painter a generous ____35____. 21. A. wise B. cruel C. strict D. long 22. A. though B. after C. while D. unless 23. A. parents B. children C. cousins D. relatives 24. A. scared B. worried C. excited D. sad 25. A. minister B. dancers C. singers D. painters 26. A. announcing B. telling C. talking D. thinking 27. A. impossible B. meaningful C. helpful D. important 28. A. turned over B. turned up C. turned down D. turned off 29. A. actually B. hopefully C. suddenly D. luckily 30. A. show B. understand C. love D. accept 31. A. leading B. training C. feeding D. riding 32. A. wide B. open C. closed D. bright 33. A. bow B. target C. stick D. racket 34. A. identified B. hidden C. overcome D. admit 35. A. praise B. reward C. punishment D. blames 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位残疾国王欲画肖像，众画家畏难拒绝，唯有一位勇敢画家巧妙构思，隐藏缺陷，最终获得国王奖赏的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：多亏了他英明的统治，王国里的每个人都过着幸福健康的生活。 根据后文“everyone in his kingdom lived a happy and healthy life”，可知国王的统治是英明的，wise“英明的”符合语境；cruel“残忍的”、strict“严格的”、long“长久的”均与“国民幸福健康”的结果逻辑不符。 【22题详解】 句意：一天，正当沿着宫殿走廊散步时，国王看到了他祖先的肖像。 根据上下文可知，此处表示“当国王正在走廊散步时”，while引导时间状语从句，强调动作正在进行，符合语境；though“尽管”、after“在…… 之后”、unless“除非”逻辑不通。 【23题详解】 句意：他希望自己的肖像也能挂在那里，这样他的子孙后代将来就能通过肖像记住他。 国王希望后代记住自己，children“子孙后代”符合语境；parents“父母”、cousins“堂兄弟姐妹”、relatives“亲戚”均不符合“将来记住他”的逻辑。 【24题详解】 句意：然而，国王对自己的身体残疾感到担心，不确定他的肖像会是什么样子。 根据后文“unsure how his portrait would turn out”，可知国王是“担心”自己的残疾在肖像中的呈现，worried“担心的”符合语境；scared“害怕的”、excited“兴奋的”、sad“悲伤的”均与“不确定肖像效果”的状态不符。 【25题详解】 句意：然后他邀请了许多来自他的王国和其他地方的著名画家到他的宫廷。 根据后文“whoever could paint a beautiful portrait of him”，可知国王邀请的是画家，painters“画家”符合语境；minister“大臣”、dancers“舞者”、singers“歌手”均与“画肖像”无关。 【26题详解】 句意：然后他邀请了许多来自他的王国和其他地方的著名画家到他的宫廷，宣布他会给任何能画出他漂亮肖像的人一大笔报酬。 空后为国王宣布奖励的内容，announcing“宣布”符合语境；telling“告诉”需接听话人，talking“交谈”侧重过程，thinking“认为”均不符合此处语境。 【27题详解】 句意：他们认为让残疾的国王在肖像中看起来好看是不可能的，而且他们担心如果国王不喜欢他们的作品会受到惩罚。 根据前文“painters felt confused and scared”，可知画家们认为这件事是“不可能的”，impossible“不可能的”符合语境；meaningful“有意义的”、helpful“有帮助的”、important“重要的”均与画家的困惑和恐惧不符。 【28题详解】 句意：他们一个接一个地找借口，拒绝了这项任务。 根据前文“made excuses”，可知画家们拒绝了这项任务，turned down“拒绝”符合语境；turned over“移交/翻转”、turned up“出现/调大”、turned off “关闭”均不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：但突然，一位勇敢的画家站了出来。 根据语境，suddenly强调情节的突转。luckily“幸运地”、hopefully“有希望地”、actually“实际上”均不符合此处的场景。 【30题详解】 句意：但是幸运的是，一位勇敢的画家走上前来说他可以画一幅国王会喜爱的肖像。 根据后文“The king was very pleased”，可知国王会喜欢这幅画，love“喜欢/喜爱”符合语境；show“展示”、understand“理解”、accept“接受”均不如love贴合 “国王满意” 的结果。 【31题详解】 句意：在画中，国王正在骑马，他健康的脚踩在马镫上。 根据后文“a horse, with his good leg on the stirrup”，可知国王是在骑马，riding“骑”符合语境；leading“牵引”、training“训练”、feeding“喂养”均与“脚踩马镫”的动作不符。 【32题详解】 句意：在画中，国王正在骑马，他健康的脚踩在马镫上，残疾的眼睛闭着，正准备射箭。 根据前文国王“只有一只眼睛”，此处为了隐藏残疾，画家让残疾的眼睛“闭着”，closed“闭着的”符合语境；wide“睁大的”、open“睁开的”、bright“明亮的”均会暴露残疾，不符合逻辑。 【33题详解】 句意：他健康的脚踩在马镫上，残疾的眼睛闭着，正用弓瞄准射箭。 根据后文“aimed an arrow”，可知搭配的是弓，bow“弓”符合语境；target“靶子”、stick“棍子”、racket“球拍”均与“射箭”的动作无关。 【34题详解】 句意：这位画家巧妙地隐藏了国王的缺点。 根据前文“隐藏了国王的残疾（单眼、单腿）”，可知画家巧妙地“隐藏”了缺点，hidden “隐藏”符合语境；identified“识别”、overcome“克服”、admit“承认”均不符合语境。 【35题详解】 句意：国王非常高兴，给了这位画家一笔丰厚的奖赏。 根据前文“he would give a big reward to whoever could paint a beautiful portrait of him”，可知国王兑现承诺给了画家报酬，reward“报酬/奖赏”符合语境；praise“表扬”、punishment“惩罚”、blame“责备”均与“丰厚的”搭配及语境不符。 四、语篇填空（每词1分，共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 allow festival rich legend hide and deep about it show The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. It is not only a time for sharing cultural stories but also for family reunions. Many people are familiar with the ____36____ of Chang’e flying to the moon. However, there are other interesting legends ____37____ this. One of them is the story of the Jade Rabbit. Long ago, three gods came to the earth as beggars ____38____ asked different animals for food. Only the rabbit offered ____39____ own body to help them. So the gods were ____40____ moved and brought the rabbit to the moon. Another story comes from the Yuan Dynasty, when Han Chinese were not ____41____ to gather in public. People ____42____ secret messages in mooncakes to organize a rebellion. These old stories have been passed down through different generations in China. Besides, they ____43____ us the values of kindness and bravery. Compared with simple ____44____ that only focus on food, the Mid-Autumn Festival carries far ____45____ cultural meanings. They help people understand why the festival means much more than just mooncakes and lanterns. 【答案】36. legend 37. about 38. and 39. its 40. deeply 41. allowed 42. hid 43. show 44. festivals 45. richer 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中秋节的传说与文化内涵，讲述了嫦娥奔月、玉兔传说及月饼传信的故事，展现了中秋节承载的价值观，凸显其丰富的文化意义。 【36题详解】 句意：许多人熟悉嫦娥奔月的传说。固定搭配the legend of...表示“……的传说”，后文也出现了“other interesting legends”，呼应此处的“传说”含义。 【37题详解】 句意：然而，还有其他关于这个的有趣传说。此处需要一个介词，修饰legends，表示“关于……的传说”，about意为“关于”，符合语境。 【38题详解】 句意：很久以前，三位神仙化作乞丐来到人间，向不同的动物讨要食物。句中came to the earth as beggars和asked different animals for food是两个并列的谓语动作，需要并列连词连接，and意为“和；并且”，符合语境。 【39题详解】 句意：只有兔子献出它自己的身体来帮助他们。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰own body，指代前文的“the rabbit”，it的形容词性物主代词its意为“它的”，符合语境。 【40题详解】 句意：因此神仙们深受感动，把兔子带到了月亮上。此处需要一个副词，修饰形容词moved，deep的副词形式deeply意为“深深地”，符合语境。 【41题详解】 句意：另一个故事来自元朝，当时汉族人不被允许在公共场合聚集。此处需要一个动词的过去分词，构成被动语态“were not ... to gather”，be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”，allow的过去分词allowed符合语境。 【42题详解】 句意：人们把秘密信息藏在月饼里来组织起义。此处需要一个动词的过去式，描述过去发生的动作，hide意为“隐藏”，其过去式hid符合语境。 【43题详解】 句意：此外，这些故事向我们展现了善良和勇敢的价值观。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语they指代前文的these old stories，是复数，谓语动词用原形，show意为“展示”，符合语义。 【44题详解】 句意：与只关注食物的简单节日相比，中秋节承载着更丰富的文化意义。此处需要一个名词复数，根据后文“that only focus on food”，此处指泛指的其他节日，festival的复数形式festivals符合语境。 【45题详解】 句意：中秋节承载着更丰富的文化意义。句中Compared with表示此处存在比较关系，far常用来修饰比较级，空格修饰名词短语cultural meanings，需要形容词比较级，rich的比较级是richer，表示“更丰富的”，符合语义。 第二节 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Luoyang, a beautiful city in Henan Province, has a long history of over 5,000 years. It is one of ____46____ oldest capitals in China and is well - known for its rich cultural heritage. Many people wonder ____47____ the ancient emperors built such grand palaces and temples here. The Longmen Grottoes, a world cultural heritage site, are filled ____48____ thousands of amazing stone carvings. Every year, visitors from all over the world come ____49____ admire the beauty and artistry of these works. If you take a walk along the Luohe River, you will find that the streets and parks ____50____ always clean and tidy. Luoyang is not only a city of history but also a city of modern charm. 【答案】46. the 47. why 48. with 49. to 50. are 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍洛阳的历史地位、文化遗产与现代风貌，展现其独特魅力。 【46题详解】 句意：它是中国最古老的都城之一，因其丰富的文化遗产而闻名。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，此处“oldest”前需加定冠词the。 【47题详解】 句意：很多人好奇古代帝王为何在此修建如此宏伟的宫殿和寺庙。主句为“Many people wonder”，从句应解释好奇的原因，用why“为什么”来引导，贴合“好奇帝王选址原因”的语境。 【48题详解】 句意：世界文化遗产龙门石窟里，布满了成千上万令人惊叹的石雕。“be filled with”为固定搭配，意为“充满……”，此处指石窟中满是石雕。 【49题详解】 句意：每年，来自世界各地的游客都会前来欣赏这些作品的美与艺术性。“come to do sth”表示“来做某事”，此处指游客前来欣赏美景，用不定式表目的。 【50题详解】 句意：如果你沿着洛河散步，会发现街道和公园总是干净整洁的。主语“the streets and parks”为复数，且全文为一般现在时，故be动词用are。 五、补全对话（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Lihua is talking about the coming campus environmental activities with the British ex - change student, Peter.) A: Hi Peter! You look excited. What’s up? B: I heard your school is having an environmental protection activity this weekend. _________51_________? A: Yes, we’re going to clean up the park near our school and plant some young trees. Would you like to join us? B: _________52_________. I’ve always wanted to experience such meaningful activities in China. A: Great! We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 on Saturday morning. B: _________53_________? I need to prepare properly. A: You just need to bring a pair of gloves and a water bottle. The school will provide trash bags and saplings. B: Got it. __________54__________? I’m not sure about the way to the park. A: It’s only 15 minutes’ walk from school. We’ll go there together, so you won’t get lost. B: That’s kind of you. __________55__________. A: You’re welcome. I’m sure we’ll have a great time working together. 【答案】51. Could you tell me something about it/What are you going to do in the activity 52. Sure, I’d love to/Of course/That sounds wonderful 53. What should I bring with me/Do I need to prepare anything special 54. Is the park far from school/How can we get to the park 55. Thank you for telling me so much/Thanks for your help 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了李华和英国交换生Peter讨论即将到来的校园环保活动，两人围绕活动内容、参与准备、集合安排等展开对话。 【51题详解】 答句介绍了学校环保活动的具体内容，因此问句可以是询问活动相关信息，也可以是询问活动具体安排，故Could you tell me something about it或者What are you going to do in the activity 两种问法均符合语境。 【52题详解】 答句回应了对方的邀请，且表达了参与活动的意愿，因此问句是发出邀请，答句需要给出肯定回应，故Sure, I’d love to；Of course或者That sounds wonderful等表达接受邀请的答语均符合语境。 【53题详解】 答句说明了参与活动需要准备的物品，因此问句是询问需要准备或携带什么物品，故What should I bring with me或者Do I need to prepare anything special两种问法均符合语境。 【54题详解】 答句说明了公园与学校的距离及前往方式，因此问句可以是询问公园到学校的距离，也可以是询问前往公园的方式，故Is the park far from school或者How can we get to the park 两种问法均符合语境。 【55题详解】 答句回应了感谢，因此问句是表达对对方的感谢，故Thank you for telling me so much或者Thanks for your help两种表达均符合语境。 六、书面表达（20分) 56. 俗话说：“劳动创造幸福”。为了培养学生的劳动意识，提升生活技能，你校英文报Teens’ Life专栏正在以“Learning a Life Skill”为题开展征文活动。请你结合下方图示信息，用英语写一篇短文投稿，分享你最近掌握的一项生活技能（如做饭、种植、整理房间等）。 写作要求：1．文中须包含以上提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2．文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 3．词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Learning a Life Skill Labor education is becoming more and more important in our daily life.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Learning a Life Skill Labor education is becoming more and more important in our daily life. Recently, I have learned a new life skill—making dumplings. It is not only a traditional Chinese food. At first, I knew nothing about it. I asked my mother for help. She taught me how to make the dough and wrap the fillings patiently. I also watched some videos on the Internet to improve my skills. In my opinion, learning this skill is very meaningful. It makes me more independent and helps me understand my parents’ hard work better. Besides, when I share the delicious dumplings with my family, I feel a sense of achievement. In a word, labor creates happiness. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步:审题立意] 确定文体:记叙文，以一般过去时和一般现在时为主 确定人称:第一人称（I/my/me） 注意事项: 必须覆盖图示的三个核心要点且文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称3． [第二步:构思布局] 三段式结构: 开头段: 引出劳动教育重要性以及自己学习的生活技能 主体段:描述从零基础到反复练习、最终学会的过程， 结尾段: 总结劳动创造幸福，表达未来学习更多技能的意愿 [第三步:要点展开] 要点一: ‌技能介绍‌：make dumplings/make the dough/wrap the fillings patiently/stir-frying green vegetables/planting succulents/tidying up desks等 ‌学习方式‌：ask parents for help/search for information online/ask teachers for advice/learn from experienced neighbors等 益处阐述‌：makes me more independent/helps me understand my parents’ hard work/relationships with family members/understand parents/improve hands-on ability等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第二学期期中学科素养调研 九年级英语 满分120分 时间：100分钟 听力部分（共20分） 一、听力理解（每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the boy do this weekend? A. Visit the Henan Museum. B. Practice Tai Chi. C. Watch a football game. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 3. How is the weather now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Snowy. 4. How will they go to the park? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot. 5. What festival are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The Dragon Boat Festival. B. The Mid - Autumn Festival. C. The Spring Festival. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the boy want to buy? A. A new bag. B. A pair of shoes. C. A basketball. 7. How much does it cost? A. 120 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 200 yuan. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. What is the girl going to do after school? A. Go swimming. B. Play the piano. C. Do her homework. 9. What time will they meet? A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:10. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to improve English. B. How to make friends. C. How to stay healthy. 11. What does the speaker suggest doing every day? A. Reading for 30 minutes. B. Writing a diary. C. Listening to English songs. 12. How can students practice speaking? A. By talking to foreigners. B. By joining an English club. C. By watching English movies. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13. Why does the boy want to learn Erhu? A. For a school performance. B. For his grandfather’s birthday. C. For a cultural exchange program. 14. How often will he take lessons? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 15. What does the teacher suggest him to do first? A. Buy an Erhu. B. Listen to some famous pieces. C. Learn basic musical theory. 第三节 听短文填空。听下面一篇短文，根据你听到的短文内容填写所缺的单词。 短文读两遍。 Traditional Culture Week Time From 16_______10th to 14th Theme 17_______ the Beauty of Henan Activities 1. Henan opera performance at the school hall 2. Chinese painting workshop in Room 205 A 18_______event: Folk music concert on Thursday evening For whom All 19_______and teachers Note Wear traditional clothes on 20_______ for photos 16. ________ 17. ________ 18. ________ 19. ________ 20. ________ 笔试部分（共100分） 二、阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分） A Volunteering is a meaningful way to make the world a better place. Here are four great volunteer activities for you to choose from: English is widely used around the world. If you are fluent in English, you can teach it to people who want to learn, like children, village students, adults or new language learners. You can teach at an English club or a community service center. Contact: Ms. Li, 138-1234-5678 Time: Saturdays 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. If you love animals, don’t buy pets from pet shops. In - stead, you can adopt (收养) street dogs or cats. If you don’t want to keep a pet, you can donate money or visit an animal shelter (收容所) to take care of the animals there. Contact: Green Paw Center, 0371-8765-4321 Time: Sundays 2:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Many elderly people live alone and need care and companionship (陪伴). You can visit nursing homes, chat with the elderly, lend a hand to them with daily tasks like reading newspapers or doing housework, or organize small activities such as singing and dancing to make them happy. Contact: Happy Nursing Home, 0371-5555-7788 Time: Saturdays 3:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Keeping the community clean is important for everyone’s life. You can join in community clean-up activities, pick up litter in parks or streets, plant trees and flowers, and help make the neighborhood a more beautiful place to live in. Contact: Community Office, 0371-2233-4455 Time: Every Sunday morning 8:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. When can you volunteer to teach English according to the passage? A. Saturdays 10:00-11:00 a.m. B. Saturdays 9:00-11:30 a.m. C. Saturdays 3:00-5:00 p.m. D. Sundays 8:00-10:00 a.m. 2. If Jack loves animals but cannot keep a pet at home, what can he do? A. Buy a pet from a pet shop. B. Teach English at a community center. C. Visit an animal shelter on Sunday afternoons. D. Help clean up the park every Saturday morning. 3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to care for the elderly? A. Chatting with them. B. Cooking meals for them. C. Organizing singing activities. D. Helping them read newspapers. 4. What does the underlined phrase “lending a hand” mean? A. borrow hands. B. give help. C. take a class. D. make money. 5. Where can you read this passage? A. A letter. B. An email. C. A poster. D. A story. B As winter comes this week, I hope my new story reminds you of the light around and within you. It was a gray and gloomy day. The sky had been cloudy for three days straight. Even when it wasn’t raining, there was little light. It seemed like all the colors of the world had faded because of the gray sky, a boring preview of the many winter days ahead. I was driving home, feeling tired and worn out from the lack of sunlight. I put on some music to cheer myself up, but it didn’t help much. I changed to another CD. Suddenly, “Joy to the World” started playing, and I smiled—it had always been one of my favorite songs. Since no one was with me, I began to sing along in my weak, rough voice. Just then, a gap appeared in the clouds, and a beam of sun-light broke through. It shone through my windshield and fell on my face like a warm kiss. I enjoyed its light and warmth, feeling great joy. I blinked back my teary eyes and kept singing. Soon, the gap closed, and the sun disappeared again. But its light stayed in my heart. I was grateful for this small wonder that had refreshed my tired heart, and I sang all the way home. Life has its share of gloomy (阴沉的) days, not just in the sky. When these days come, you have two choices: you can let yourself be sad, or you can be the light that finds a gap in the clouds to cheer others’ hearts. For me, I will always choose the light. I will remember that love is within us, and I will try my best to share that love with the world. Find that gap in the clouds. Try your best to bring more light, joy and love to this world. 6. Why did the writer put on some music? A. To practice singing. B. To cheer herself up. C. To kill time during the drive. D. To celebrate Christmas early. 7. What does the underlined word “faded” mean in paragraph 2? A. 鲜艳的 B. 多样的 C. 丰富的 D. 褪色的 8. What made the writer start to smile during the drive home? A. The warm weather on the winter day. B. The beautiful view outside the windshield. C. The sunlight that broke through the clouds. D. The favorite song “Joy to the World” playing. 9. What kind of person is the writer? A. Shy and quiet. B. Lazy and careless. C. Positive and warm-hearted. D. Negative and pessimistic. 10. What does “the light” refer to in the sentence “I hope my new story reminds you of the light around and within you”? A. A kind of warm feeling. B. The light of the CD player in the car. C. The sunlight through the gap in the clouds. D. A positive attitude and the love we can share. C Light Pollution Affects Birds’ Sleep Birds are famous for waking up early. But a new study finds light pollution makes them wake even earlier and sleep later—losing about 50 minutes of sleep each night. Brent Pease, a teacher from Southern Illinois University, tried a special device (装置) called PUC, made by BirdWeather. It records bird songs, uses AI to identify birds, and collects time, location and weather data. BirdWeather gets information from PUCs worldwide, with over 1.4 billion bird songs detected (检测到). Researchers used this data to study light pollution’s effect on birds. Light pollution happens when too much artificial (人造的) light, like that from streetlights or buildings, makes the night much brighter than normal. Light pollution affects roughly 23% of the planet. It’s known that bright city lights can be confusing and deadly for migrating birds. But the researchers wanted to find out how birds were affected when they lived in areas with light pollution. They looked at over 60 million calls from 583 daytime bird species. With satellite images, they compared call times to light pollution levels. The result: birds in bright areas sang 18 minutes earlier in the morning and 32 minutes longer at night. Birds with bigger eyes (like American robins) were more affected. Some robins even sang two hours before sunrise! But birds nesting in dark places (such as tree holes) were hardly influenced. The scientists say it’s worrying that the natural patterns of birds are being interrupted (被打乱). But they say it’s too early to tell if staying up longer is actually harmful to the birds. They say it’s possible that the birds are adjusting somehow. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11. What is the main finding of the new study about birds and light pollution? A. Birds are waking up later because of artificial light. B. Birds with bigger eyes are less affected by light pollution. C. Light pollution only affects migrating birds, not daytime birds. D. Light pollution is making birds sleep less by about 50 minutes per night. 12. Which of the following is NOT the function of the PUC device? A. Recording the sounds of birds. B. Identifying different kinds of birds with AI. C. Helping birds build more comfortable nests. D. Collecting time, location and weather data. 13. Which group of birds was most affected by light pollution according to the study? A. Birds nesting in tree holes. B. Birds living in dark forests. C. All birds were affected equally D. Birds with bigger eyes, like American robins. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. Light pollution has no influence on migrating birds at all. B. About 77% of the planet is not affected by light pollution. C. All birds will sing much earlier if they live in bright areas. D. Scientists have proved that less sleep is harmful to birds. 15. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4) A. ①/②③/④ B. ①②/③/④ C. ①/②/③/④ D. ①/②③④ D Australia Limits Social Media for Young People On December 10, 2025, a new law took effect in Canberra, Australia: children under 16 are no longer allowed to have accounts (账号) on many popular social media (社交媒体) apps like Snapchat, TikTok and YouTube. Australia is the first country to make such a rule. ____16____ Social media can be a source of pressure and stress, especially for young people. Many people have serious concerns about how social media can affect young people’s mental health. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese says, “____17____” He believes the law will help keep children safe online. ____18____Social media companies and many teens are upset. Critics (批评者) argue it will cut teens off from friends and online support groups. Some people say that instead of forbidding kids, it’s better to help them learn to use social media safely. ____19____ They believe that even if social media can be harmful to young people, the government’s solution isn’t the right way to solve the problem. A big question is how companies will check users’ ages, as kids may lie about their age. Companies that can’t keep under-16 users out will get large fines. ____20____ places like Malaysia and Indonesia are considering similar rules, while some European countries are testing an 18+ verification system (验证系统). 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. However, the law has caused disagreements. B. Australia’s effort is closely watched worldwide. C. Young people need the space to be able to grow up. D. The government aims to protect young people’s mental health. E. Other people believe Australia’s plan is not thought through carefully. 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Once upon a time, there lived a king. He was a smart king who had only one leg and one eye. Thanks to his ____21____ rule, everyone in his kingdom lived a happy and healthy life. One day, ____22____ walking along the palace hallway, the king saw the portraits (肖像) of his ancestors. He hoped his own portrait could be hung there too, so that his ____23____ would remember him through it in the future. However, the king was ____24____ about his physical disabilities and unsure how his portrait would turn out. He then invited many famous ____25____ from his kingdom and other places to his court, ____26____ that he would give a big reward to whoever could paint a beautiful portrait of him. On hearing this, all the painters felt confused and scared. They thought it was ____27____ to make the disabled king look good in a portrait, and they feared being punished if the king disliked their work. One by one, they made excuses and ____28____ the task. But ____29____, a brave painter stepped forward and said he could create a portrait the king would ____30____. The king was overjoyed and let him start working. After a long time, the painter showed the finished portrait. Everyone in the court was stunned. In the picture, the king was ____31____ a horse, with his good leg on the stirrup and his disabled eye ____32____ as he aimed an arrow with a ____33____. The painter had cleverly ____34____ the king’s shortcomings. The king was very pleased and gave the painter a generous ____35____. 21. A. wise B. cruel C. strict D. long 22. A. though B. after C. while D. unless 23. A. parents B. children C. cousins D. relatives 24. A. scared B. worried C. excited D. sad 25. A. minister B. dancers C. singers D. painters 26. A. announcing B. telling C. talking D. thinking 27. A. impossible B. meaningful C. helpful D. important 28. A. turned over B. turned up C. turned down D. turned off 29. A. actually B. hopefully C. suddenly D. luckily 30. A. show B. understand C. love D. accept 31. A. leading B. training C. feeding D. riding 32. A. wide B. open C. closed D. bright 33. A. bow B. target C. stick D. racket 34. A. identified B. hidden C. overcome D. admit 35. A. praise B. reward C. punishment D. blames 四、语篇填空（每词1分，共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 allow festival rich legend hide and deep about it show The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. It is not only a time for sharing cultural stories but also for family reunions. Many people are familiar with the ____36____ of Chang’e flying to the moon. However, there are other interesting legends ____37____ this. One of them is the story of the Jade Rabbit. Long ago, three gods came to the earth as beggars ____38____ asked different animals for food. Only the rabbit offered ____39____ own body to help them. So the gods were ____40____ moved and brought the rabbit to the moon. Another story comes from the Yuan Dynasty, when Han Chinese were not ____41____ to gather in public. People ____42____ secret messages in mooncakes to organize a rebellion. These old stories have been passed down through different generations in China. Besides, they ____43____ us the values of kindness and bravery. Compared with simple ____44____ that only focus on food, the Mid-Autumn Festival carries far ____45____ cultural meanings. They help people understand why the festival means much more than just mooncakes and lanterns. 第二节 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Luoyang, a beautiful city in Henan Province, has a long history of over 5,000 years. It is one of ____46____ oldest capitals in China and is well - known for its rich cultural heritage. Many people wonder ____47____ the ancient emperors built such grand palaces and temples here. The Longmen Grottoes, a world cultural heritage site, are filled ____48____ thousands of amazing stone carvings. Every year, visitors from all over the world come ____49____ admire the beauty and artistry of these works. If you take a walk along the Luohe River, you will find that the streets and parks ____50____ always clean and tidy. Luoyang is not only a city of history but also a city of modern charm. 五、补全对话（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Lihua is talking about the coming campus environmental activities with the British ex - change student, Peter.) A: Hi Peter! You look excited. What’s up? B: I heard your school is having an environmental protection activity this weekend. _________51_________? A: Yes, we’re going to clean up the park near our school and plant some young trees. Would you like to join us? B: _________52_________. I’ve always wanted to experience such meaningful activities in China. A: Great! We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 on Saturday morning. B: _________53_________? I need to prepare properly. A: You just need to bring a pair of gloves and a water bottle. The school will provide trash bags and saplings. B: Got it. __________54__________? I’m not sure about the way to the park. A: It’s only 15 minutes’ walk from school. We’ll go there together, so you won’t get lost. B: That’s kind of you. __________55__________. A: You’re welcome. I’m sure we’ll have a great time working together. 六、书面表达（20分) 56. 俗话说：“劳动创造幸福”。为了培养学生的劳动意识，提升生活技能，你校英文报Teens’ Life专栏正在以“Learning a Life Skill”为题开展征文活动。请你结合下方图示信息，用英语写一篇短文投稿，分享你最近掌握的一项生活技能（如做饭、种植、整理房间等）。 写作要求：1．文中须包含以上提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2．文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 3．词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Learning a Life Skill Labor education is becoming more and more important in our daily life.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $