专题02 Units 4～5（语篇综合练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级下册

**基本信息** 以历史文化与现实议题为语篇载体，整合语言知识与跨文化理解，系统训练语篇综合运用能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|4篇（曹操墓/曾子避席/山火/暴雨）|语境词汇辨析+文化细节理解|历史典故与现实灾害主题融合，考查上下文逻辑与文化意识| |阅读理解|4篇（暴风雪/地震经历/囊萤映雪/宋濂求学）|细节查找+主旨归纳+推理判断|自然现象与励志故事双线并行，提升信息提取与思维品质| |任务型阅读|4篇（中国发展/陪爬职业/龙卷风/灾害应对）|简答+信息转述|社会热点与灾害防护结合，强化语言表达与问题解决能力| |短文填空|6篇（居家度假/负荆请罪/地震救援/蓝天救援队等）|语法填空+词汇变形|文化传承与现实救援主题交织，巩固语言知识与学习能力|

专题02 Units 4~5（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 本文讲述了今年清明节，年轻人在河南安阳曹操墓前留下布洛芬的新奇祭拜方式，结合曹操的历史故事，介绍了这种幽默的互动方式背后体现的年轻人对历史的兴趣与亲近。 本文主要讲述了曾子尊师重道的故事。通过“避席”细节，展现学生对老师的尊敬，强调礼貌源于真诚之心，是重要的美德。 本文主要讲述了洛杉矶面临的山火危险、成因、造成的损失以及专家对未来防灾的建议。 本文讲述了一次校园暴雨洪涝事件，通过学生的视角描述了暴雨突袭、教室被淹、老师带领大家撤离以及灾后清理的过程，传递了团结互助的主题。 阅读理解 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了暴风雪的影响以及在暴风雪中保护自己的相关知识。 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乔治在中学时经历的一次强烈地震，包括地震发生时的场景、地震后的状况以及作者从这次经历中获得的感悟。 本文主要介绍了古代车胤囊萤和孙康映雪的故事，他们虽家贫无灯，但利用萤火虫光和雪光坚持读书，后成语“囊萤映雪”用来比喻在困难条件下仍坚持学习的精神。 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了明代文学家宋濂的个人学习经历，包括他幼时家贫借书抄书、长大后长途跋涉求师问学的故事，展现了他刻苦好学的精神。 任务型阅读 本文主要讲述了中国在过去数十年间，在民生生活、科技领域取得的巨大发展成就，以及对国家未来发展的美好展望。 本文主要讲述了Wendy Chen雇佣“陪爬”伙伴攀登泰山的故事，并借此介绍了“陪爬”这一新兴职业的特点及服务内容。 本文主要介绍了美国“龙卷风走廊”的由来、人们应对龙卷风的措施、灾后的情况，并结合中国的情况强调了面对自然灾害要做好准备的重要性。 本文介绍了常见的自然灾害，给出了收听预警、制定安全计划、准备应急包等应对灾害的实用建议，强调了敬畏自然、提前准备的重要性。 短文填空 本文主要介绍了“居家度假（staycation）”的含义、流行趋势以及其受欢迎的原因。 本文讲述了战国时期赵国名将廉颇与贤臣蔺相如“负荆请罪”的故事，展现了两人从不和到和解、共同辅佐国家的过程，传递了顾全大局、知错能改的精神。 本文主要讲述廉颇与蔺相如“负荆请罪”的历史典故，赞扬二人以国家为重、放下分歧、同心为国的品格。 本文讲述了去年作者所在的城镇发生了一场地震，邻居王先生在地震中帮助作者一家脱离险境，之后大家齐心协力救助他人、搭建帐篷、分享物资的感人经历。 本文介绍了中国志愿者团队“蓝天救援队（BSR）”的基本情况，包括队员的训练、2021年河南洪灾中的救援行动，以及救援工作的艰辛，呼吁人们支持这些英雄。 本文主要记叙了一场超强台风的来袭过程，讲述了人们在台风前后的应对、受灾情况，以及灾难中人性的坚强与互助。 一、完形填空 During the Qingming Festival this year, a new trend appeared at the tomb (墓) of Cao Cao in Anyang, Henan province. While most people brought flowers to honor their ancestors (祭祖), many young visitors brought something 1 . They left boxes of ibuprofen (布洛芬), a common medicine for pain, in front of Cao’s tomb. Cao Cao was a famous leader in Chinese history, but he also 2 from terrible headache. According to the story, the famous doctor Hua Tuo advised Cao Cao 3 his head to treat the disease (疾病). However, Cao Cao didn’t trust him and put the doctor in prison (入狱). As a 4 , Cao Cao himself later died of his illness. Today, young people want to show their 5 in a funny way. One visitor’s note says, “If your headaches act up again, try this.” Some even left notes like “I have tested it for you,” because they knew Cao Cao found it hard to trust others. Museum officers say they don’t 6 the medicine. Instead, they encourage visitors to leave the medicine there. They believe this shows that young people are 7 in history. By bringing gifts, they feel 8 to historical people. “It makes learning history more 9 ”. Nowadays, more and more people choose to visit cultural sites during holidays. They are communicating with history in a 10 way rather than just following traditional ways. 1．A．expensive B．unusual C．traditional D．natural 2．A．suffered B．escaped C．learned D．came 3．A．to open B．open C．opening D．to opening 4．A．reason B．choice C．result D．dream 5．A．sadness B．anger C．fear D．humor 6．A．buy B．help C．move D．sell 7．A．worried B．interested C．surprised D．tired 8．A．closer B．farther C．better D．older 9．A．difficult B．tiring C．boring D．enjoyable 10．A．common B．simple C．creative D．quick Zengzi was a famous student of Confucius. He was very 11 and always respected his teacher deeply. One day, Confucius was talking with Zengzi. He sat on a seat and began to 12 something important. Zengzi sat on a small mat on the floor and listened 13 . Suddenly, Confucius looked at him and asked a 14 question. Zengzi knew that his teacher was teaching him a great lesson. He wanted to show his 15 and seriousness. Without thinking twice, Zengzi stood up at once. He 16 his own seat quickly and stood 17 the mat. This action was called “bixi” (避席) in ancient China. It showed that he was modest and willing to learn 18 . Confucius saw this and felt very 19 . He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners. In ancient times, leaving one’s seat was a 20 of respect. It meant “I am not good enough to sit while you are teaching me.” Zengzi 21 did this whenever his teacher taught him. He never sat casually or spoke loudly. He always kept 22 and waited for Confucius to finish. This story tells us that 23 is one of the best virtues. Good manners are not just 24 —they come from a sincere heart. If we are polite to teachers and elders, we can 25 more and become better people. 11．A．strict B．polite C．funny D．perfect 12．A．eat B．write C．explain D．guess 13．A．carelessly B．loudly C．angrily D．carefully 14．A．simple B．difficult C．serious D．boring 15．A．respect B．energy C．courage D．fear 16．A．left B．kept C．took D．cleaned 17．A．on B．beside C．under D．next 18．A．happily B．politely C．secretly D．widely 19．A．nervous B．satisfied C．worried D．surprised 20．A．way B．story C．sign D．style 21．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．often 22．A．noisy B．quiet C．clean D．active 23．A．wisdom B．friendship C．politeness D．happiness 24．A．actions B．ideas C．plans D．dreams 25．A．lose B．learn C．miss D．change Los Angeles, a beautiful city between mountains and the ocean, often faces wildfire dangers. Climate change has made fires worse recently. It causes the temperature to rise and makes conditions even more 26 . Scientists say strange weather-heavy rains followed by long 27 -has the risk of fires. Plants grow 28 with enough rain, and then dry weather makes them die quickly, and strong Santa Ana winds then spread (传播) fires fast. Human 29 raise danger too. Many old houses are made of wood, which catches fire easily. Some people are too lazy to clear the dry plants around their houses, even though it’s 30 for fire safety. People also build more houses in 31 areas with forests around. By 16 January 2025, wildfires in Los Angeles had killed 27 people, 32 over 12,000 buildings, and caused over $250 billion in damage (损失). Thick smoke made people 33 hard, harmed wildlife and killed many animals. Rescue (救援) teams worked day and night, but they still couldn’t 34 the fires for several weeks. Experts suggest 35 future disasters: build fireproof (防火的) houses, avoid high-risk building areas, and clear away the dry plants. Los Angeles is still beautiful, but its story warns the world: dealing with climate change is necessary for survival. 26．A．difficult B．dangerous C．boring D．noisy 27．A．tsunamis B．droughts C．snowstorms D．earthquakes 28．A．healthily B．slowly C．quietly D．differently 29．A．habits B．hobbies C．activities D．jobs 30．A．expensive B．lucky C．strange D．important 31．A．crowded B．beautiful C．risky D．normal 32．A．broke down B．calmed down C．pressed down D．wrote down 33．A．breathe B．feel C．study D．work 34．A．change B．forget C．clear D．control 35．A．looking for B．preparing for C．waiting for D．asking for Water is one of the most useful things on the earth. We drink it, wash with it and cook with it. However, it can also be 36 . This was something that happened to me a few months ago. It started as a normal school day. It was summer and the 37 was really hot. We were studying for our tests when a (n) 38 came. The sky went dark and the rain started to beat 39 against the windows. The storm went on and on. Then, the rain started to come through the roof and 40 on the desks in the classroom. Our books were getting wet. Suddenly there was a loud noise. We didn’t 41 what it was at first. Then, water came across the floor of our classroom. The school was flooded. We all felt very 42 and some of the girls started to cry. Miss Miller was calm. She told us all to hold hands. We slowly walked out of the 43 in a line of people and came to a safe place. We didn’t leave there 44 the water was gone. Our school was in a mess. Together we 45 every classroom. Everyone felt tired but lucky! 36．A．harmful B．wonderful C．truthful D．peaceful 37．A．food B．board C．rock D．weather 38．A．lightning B．earthquake C．storm D．fire 39．A．heavily B．slowly C．mostly D．hardly 40．A．fly B．cry C．sleep D．fall 41．A．report B．know C．describe D．forget 42．A．proud B．excited C．happy D．afraid 43．A．window B．museum C．ground D．classroom 44．A．if B．although C．until D．while 45．A．lifted up B．cleaned up C．set up D．looked up 二、阅读理解 Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it? If you do, you may experience snowstorms. A snowstorm is a heavy snow with strong winds. Now let’s take a closer look at it. Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite (冻伤). Well, it is really necessary to learn something about how to protect yourself in such terrible weather. You should always pay attention to the weather report. Then you can get well prepared for snowstorms. You can change the travel plan in time before the snowstorms come. Prepare what you need to keep warm, and save enough food and water for your family. If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged (毁) by heavy snow. If you are indoors, try not to go out. Don’t go to clean the snow, or you will lose temperature. Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒). If you have to go out, you need to wear thick clothes to keep warm. And you’d better wear proper shoes to stop yourself from falling down. Besides, be careful of power lines, because they can be dangerous for people on foot. These are some basic knowledge about snowstorms, and you need to keep this knowledge in your mind. Protect yourself during snowstorms. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 46．How does the writer start this passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining differences. D．By asking questions. 47．Which question can help us find out the writer’s purpose of the second paragraph? A．How can people live in the snowstorms? B．What should people do with snowstorms? C．What are the effects of snowstorms? D．How do snowstorms form? 48．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The house. B．The travel. C．The food. D．The plan. 49．Why should we use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors? A．To give us sunlight. B．To keep us safe. C．To show us ways. D．To teach us lessons. 50．Where can we read this text? A．In a book about illnesses. B．In a newspaper about culture. C．On a website about hard life. D．In a magazine about weather. My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 51．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 52．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 53．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 54．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 55．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. In ancient China, people passed down plenty of classic stories again and again over time. Here are the stories of two famous characters. One person is Che Yin. He was from a poor family. But he loved studying. He had to work in the daytime. So he could only study in the evening. However, there was a problem. He couldn’t afford a lamp. He didn’t worry about that in summer. In the evening, he caught some fireflies. (Fireflies are small insects that can produce light from their bodies.) He put them in a bag and used it as a lamp. This lamp was not very bright, but Che Yin could do some reading by the light in the evening. The other person is Sun Kang. He was smart, but he was so poor that he couldn’t go to school. So he studied at home. He had to read just at night. Like Che Yin, he couldn’t buy a lamp. On snowy nights, he went out and read in the snow. Why? There was the light of snow outside. Later, people used “Nang Ying Ying Xue” to say that no matter how hard the life is, a strong will helps move forward. When we are having a hard time in life, don’t lose heart. Never let life knock us down. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 56．According to Paragraph 2, which picture shows what “fireflies” are? A． B． C． D． 57．What did Che Yin do to study in summer evenings? A．He went to bed early. B．He read books under the snow. C．He asked his friends for help. D．He caught fireflies and put them in a bag. 58．Where did Sun Kang read on snowy nights? A．In the library. B．In the snow outside. C．In the classroom. D．In his warm room. 59．What do Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They used fireflies as a lamp. B．They came from rich families. C．They read by natural light at night. D．They studied in the daytime. 60．Which of the following can best tell the idea of the story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．It is never too old to learn. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. Song Lian was a great writer in the early Ming Dynasty. He shared his personal learning experiences in “A Farewell to Ma Dongsheng of Dongyang”. He had a natural talent for learning and could already recite many poems by the age of six. He also had a deep love for learning, but his family was too poor to buy books for him. So, he borrowed books from others and copied them out by hand. In cold winters, his fingers could even hardly bend (弯曲), but he never stopped so that he could return the books on time. Because he was always reliable (可信赖的), people were willing (愿意) to lend him books. In this way, he was able to read a lot. As he grew older, he once walked hundreds of miles to visit a learned teacher for help. The teacher was strict, and yet a large number of students kept coming. Song Lian stood beside the teacher, waiting patiently for his turn. When asking questions, he bowed (鞠躬) low and listened carefully to show great respect to the teacher. Once, the teacher got angry because Song Lian’s question seemed a little silly. However, Song Lian stayed even more respectful. He waited until the teacher was in a better mood, then he continued to raise questions. Through his hard work, he greatly improved his knowledge. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．When was Song Lian able to recite many poems? A．By the age of 3. B．By the age of 4. C．By the age of 5. D．By the age of 6. 62．What was Song Lian’s biggest difficulty when he was young? A．He had no interest in learning. B．His family was too poor to buy him books. C．He lived too far from any teacher. D．He couldn’t memorize well. 63．Why were people willing to lend books to Song Lian? A．Because he was famous. B．Because he always returned the books on time. C．Because he paid them. D．Because he only borrowed cheap books. 64．Which of the following words can best describe Song Lian? A．Responsible. B．Strict. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 65．What can we learn from the text? A．We should copy the books out when reading. B．Studying alone is more important than asking others for help. C．We should try every means to study and put in great effort. D．We should discuss more with our classmates when learning. 三、任务型阅读 China is a country with a long history and rich culture. It’s also a country that is developing very fast. There are more than 1.4 billion people in China. Over the past few decades, China has changed a lot in many ways. In the past, people lived a simple life. They didn’t have enough food to eat or enough clothes to wear. They lived in small and old houses. People usually walked or rode bikes to go out. There were few TVs, fridges or other electrical things in families. Now, people’s lives have improved a lot. People live in big and comfortable houses. Most families have their own cars and many electrical appliances. People can buy all kinds of food and clothes in supermarkets. They can also travel around the country or even the world easily. China has also made great progress (进步) in science and technology. Many great scientific and technological achievements (成就) have been made. We have high-speed railways, 5G technology, space stations and so on. These achievements make Chinese people proud. China’s development surprises the whole world. As a Chinese, I believe that China will continue to develop fast and become even stronger. We will have a better life and a brighter future. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 66．How many people are there in China? 67．How did people go out in the past? 68．Where do people live now? 69．How many science and technology achievements are mentioned? 70．What do you think of China’s development? Wendy Chen decided to challenge herself by climbing Mount Tai, a well-known mountain in eastern China. But there was one problem: she couldn’t find a friend to join her for the five-hour trip. Rather than give up her plan, the 25-year-old hired a “climbing buddy”, a young man with rich outdoor experience, to be with her and support her to the 5,000-foot peak. Known in Chinese as “pei pa”, the young Chinese join strangers on their journeys up mountains for a price. It’s becoming popular now. Young people, healthy and active, often college students, advertise themselves on social media. They tell people their height, how strong they are and their hiking experience. They usually ask for 200 to 600 yuan for one trip. During the climb, these “buddies” try their best to make climbers keep going. They sing songs, tell jokes, play music and give them words of encouragement. Sometimes they even carry bags, hold hands and pull the climbers up. Chen and her climbing buddy’s journey began at around 8:00 p.m., so that she could arrive in time for the famous sunrise. After checking her health condition, her climbing buddy planned a suitable route and carried her backpack the whole way. At the moment the sun rose, he showed Chen a national flag so that she could take a photo. Though Chen felt his photography skills still had room to improve, she regarded her climbing buddy as “satisfactory”. Chen was supposed to pay 350 yuan, but she was so pleased that she offered 50 yuan more. 71．Why did Wendy Chen decide to hire a climbing buddy? ________________________________________________________________ 72．What does the underlined phrase “her plan” in Paragraph 1 refer to? ________________________________________________________________ 73．What qualities does a “pei pa” need? ________________________________________________________________ 74．Why did Chen and her climbing buddy begin at 8 p.m.? ________________________________________________________________ 75．How much did Chen pay her climbing buddy? ________________________________________________________________ Every year in the US, there are about 1,000 tornadoes in the area known as Tornado Alley (走廊), which mainly includes states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota. That’s why this area is called “Tornado Alley”. The “tornado season” is usually in spring, but the people in Tornado Alley are always ready for them and they always listen to the news. When the warnings come, people follow their disaster plans. They find somewhere safe to stay. At home, the best place is the basement — a room that is used to store things under the level of the ground. If there is no basement, a room without windows like the bathroom is also a safe place. “At school, we often have tornado drills so that we can get ready and won’t feel afraid when there’s a tornado,” says Tiffany Taylor, a high school student from Texas. “There’s no basement at my school, so we usually go to the hallways on the lowest floors. Of course, we never sit near the windows.” After the tornado, people first check to see if it is safe to go out, and then they check the buildings and the area. And usually many buildings fall down and broken things are everywhere! In China, we are not so often troubled by tornadoes, but we do have disasters like earthquakes, or an unexpected fire. It is important to know how to keep us safe when a disaster happens. Always remember to get well prepared. 76．Why does “Tornado Alley” get its name? _________________________________________________ 77．What do people do when they hear a tornado warning? _________________________________________________ 78．How is the tornado area after the tornado passes? _________________________________________________ 79．What is the key to staying safe in natural disasters from the passage? _________________________________________________ 80．What will you do to keep yourself safe if an earthquake suddenly happens in your classroom? _________________________________________________ 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Natural dangerous events can happen anywhere and at any time. Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces. While you can’t stop these events, you can learn how to protect yourself and others. The first step is to know the latest news. You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone. Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods. If you hear a warning, take it seriously and act quickly. Next, make a safety plan with your family. Decide where to meet if you get separated. Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers. Practice what to do during different kinds of dangerous events, like “Drop, Cover, and Hold on” during an earthquake. During a dangerous event, stay calm. If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outside, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, and electric lines. After the event, avoid damaged areas and listen to adults or police for instructions. Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it. 81．What natural dangerous events are mentioned in the passage? 82．What can you listen to on the radio or your phone? 83．What should you prepare with your family? 84．What should you do if you are indoors during a dangerous event? 85．What can we learn from the passage? 四、短文填空 请根据短文内容和括号内所给单词的提示，用其适当形式填空。 Staycation 86 (become) more and more popular over the past few years. What is a staycation? The answer is in the name. Staycation comes from two words, “stay” and “vacation”, which means staying at home and 87 (spend) holidays in places that are not far from their home. There are different activities to choose from. You could attend an event or visit 88 local place of natural beauty. There could be a museum or a theme park in your area. It may be a spa or a countryside walk. Or maybe you can decide 89 (not leave) the house at all. Staycation is popular among people who are 90 (able) to travel far. For example, they may have young 91 (child), have a disability or have work close to home. People think that taking a staycation is 92 (easy) than travelling farther 93 there is no language barrier (障碍) and no need for money exchange between home and abroad. Many people are now understanding the 94 (important) of supporting their local community. Instead of 95 (travel) to another place, they like to spend their money in the local area to help improve the local economy (经济). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general (将军), and Lin was 96 excellent advisor. Lian was famous for 97 (win) battles (战役). Everyone admired him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how 98 (use) words to solve problems. And then he became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 99 (high) position than him. He thought he should get greater honor because of his achievements in the war, while Lin achieved 100 (succeed) just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of (诋毁) Lin behind his back. Lin didn’t want to argue or fight, so he stayed away from meeting Lian. It seemed that Lin was 101 (scary) of him. When asked, Lin explained that he didn’t want to fight with Lian because it would harm their country. When Lian Po heard this, he suffered 102 a sense of shame. He knew he was wrong. Right away, he made a 103 (decide). He took off his clothes, put thorns (荆条) on his back, and went to Lin Xiangru’s home to apologize. Lin Xiangru quickly 104 (forgive) him. After that, they became good friends and pulled together to help the king run the country. Lian and Lin showed us that even 105 we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and achieve great things. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general (将军) , and Lin was 106 excellent advisor. Lian was famous for 107 (win) battles (战役) . Everyone respected him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use words 108 (solve) problems. He once saved he shibi for the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 109 (high) place than him. He thought he should get greater honor because of his achievements in the war, while Lin achieved 110 (succeed) just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论) . Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of Lin 111 his back. Lin didn’t want to argue or fight, so he avoided 112 (meet) Lian. It seemed that Lin was scared of him. When asked, Lin explained that he didn’t want to fight with Lian 113 it would harm their country. When Lian Po 114 (hear) this, he felt very sorry. He knew he was wrong. Right away, he took off his clothes, put thorns (荆条) on his back, and went to Lin Xiangru’s home to say sorry. Lin Xiangru 115 (quick) forgave him. After that, they became good friends and worked together to help the king run the country. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and achieve great things. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, an earthquake hit our town. Everyone was 116 (scare) that night. The ground shook hard, and the lights in the buildings went out suddenly. People ran out of their homes, shouting in fear. Among them were my neighbor Mr. Wang and 117 (he) family. My mom and I were stuck in our house at first because the door was closed. Mr. Wang heard our cries and came back 118 (help). He pulled the door open with all his strength and guided us to a safe place, away from the 119 (bad) damaged buildings. After the earthquake 120 (stop), we saw many people get hurt. Many people 121 (be) screaming loudly for help around us. 122 (thankful), kind neighbors and volunteers came to offer help right away, Mr. Wang and my mom rushed to the second floor and found an old lady 123 (hide) alone in a small corner, She was too terrified to move. They managed to lead her to safety and then set up 124 (tent) for weak elders and little kids. Although we felt exhausted, we stayed together, To look after each other well, we decided 125 (share) food and clean water if need. That experience taught me that human care and unity could light up the way in the darkest moments. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Blue Sky Rescue (BSR蓝天救援队) is a Chinese volunteer team. It brings help and hope to people in floods, earthquakes or other natural 126 (disaster). The members in BSR all need training to be 127 (prepare). They also lean how to use rescue tools and how to help people who are 128 (injure). In 2021, a sudden flood 129 (hit) a small town in Henan and caused heavy losses. On hearing the news, BSR headed there immediately with first-aid kits, flashlights and 130 (cook) food. As soon as they arrived there. They started to help people 131 need. They put up tents for those who had lost 132 (they) homes and took care of people who got hurt. Rescuing work is not easy. For example, there 133 (be) usually no electricity or water after a disaster, Also, there may be much danger around. And it takes time and courage to save people’s 134 (life). We may not know the names of the rescue workers, but we can take 135 (action) to support them. They are really heroes. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the 136 (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people 137 (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came 138 the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was 139 (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full 140 (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind 141 (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in 142 (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the 143 (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became 144 (hero) . Though nature showed 145 (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 4~5（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 本文讲述了今年清明节，年轻人在河南安阳曹操墓前留下布洛芬的新奇祭拜方式，结合曹操的历史故事，介绍了这种幽默的互动方式背后体现的年轻人对历史的兴趣与亲近。 本文主要讲述了曾子尊师重道的故事。通过“避席”细节，展现学生对老师的尊敬，强调礼貌源于真诚之心，是重要的美德。 本文主要讲述了洛杉矶面临的山火危险、成因、造成的损失以及专家对未来防灾的建议。 本文讲述了一次校园暴雨洪涝事件，通过学生的视角描述了暴雨突袭、教室被淹、老师带领大家撤离以及灾后清理的过程，传递了团结互助的主题。 阅读理解 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了暴风雪的影响以及在暴风雪中保护自己的相关知识。 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乔治在中学时经历的一次强烈地震，包括地震发生时的场景、地震后的状况以及作者从这次经历中获得的感悟。 本文主要介绍了古代车胤囊萤和孙康映雪的故事，他们虽家贫无灯，但利用萤火虫光和雪光坚持读书，后成语“囊萤映雪”用来比喻在困难条件下仍坚持学习的精神。 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了明代文学家宋濂的个人学习经历，包括他幼时家贫借书抄书、长大后长途跋涉求师问学的故事，展现了他刻苦好学的精神。 任务型阅读 本文主要讲述了中国在过去数十年间，在民生生活、科技领域取得的巨大发展成就，以及对国家未来发展的美好展望。 本文主要讲述了Wendy Chen雇佣“陪爬”伙伴攀登泰山的故事，并借此介绍了“陪爬”这一新兴职业的特点及服务内容。 本文主要介绍了美国“龙卷风走廊”的由来、人们应对龙卷风的措施、灾后的情况，并结合中国的情况强调了面对自然灾害要做好准备的重要性。 本文介绍了常见的自然灾害，给出了收听预警、制定安全计划、准备应急包等应对灾害的实用建议，强调了敬畏自然、提前准备的重要性。 短文填空 本文主要介绍了“居家度假（staycation）”的含义、流行趋势以及其受欢迎的原因。 本文讲述了战国时期赵国名将廉颇与贤臣蔺相如“负荆请罪”的故事，展现了两人从不和到和解、共同辅佐国家的过程，传递了顾全大局、知错能改的精神。 本文主要讲述廉颇与蔺相如“负荆请罪”的历史典故，赞扬二人以国家为重、放下分歧、同心为国的品格。 本文讲述了去年作者所在的城镇发生了一场地震，邻居王先生在地震中帮助作者一家脱离险境，之后大家齐心协力救助他人、搭建帐篷、分享物资的感人经历。 本文介绍了中国志愿者团队“蓝天救援队（BSR）”的基本情况，包括队员的训练、2021年河南洪灾中的救援行动，以及救援工作的艰辛，呼吁人们支持这些英雄。 本文主要记叙了一场超强台风的来袭过程，讲述了人们在台风前后的应对、受灾情况，以及灾难中人性的坚强与互助。 一、完形填空 During the Qingming Festival this year, a new trend appeared at the tomb (墓) of Cao Cao in Anyang, Henan province. While most people brought flowers to honor their ancestors (祭祖), many young visitors brought something 1 . They left boxes of ibuprofen (布洛芬), a common medicine for pain, in front of Cao’s tomb. Cao Cao was a famous leader in Chinese history, but he also 2 from terrible headache. According to the story, the famous doctor Hua Tuo advised Cao Cao 3 his head to treat the disease (疾病). However, Cao Cao didn’t trust him and put the doctor in prison (入狱). As a 4 , Cao Cao himself later died of his illness. Today, young people want to show their 5 in a funny way. One visitor’s note says, “If your headaches act up again, try this.” Some even left notes like “I have tested it for you,” because they knew Cao Cao found it hard to trust others. Museum officers say they don’t 6 the medicine. Instead, they encourage visitors to leave the medicine there. They believe this shows that young people are 7 in history. By bringing gifts, they feel 8 to historical people. “It makes learning history more 9 ”. Nowadays, more and more people choose to visit cultural sites during holidays. They are communicating with history in a 10 way rather than just following traditional ways. 1．A．expensive B．unusual C．traditional D．natural 2．A．suffered B．escaped C．learned D．came 3．A．to open B．open C．opening D．to opening 4．A．reason B．choice C．result D．dream 5．A．sadness B．anger C．fear D．humor 6．A．buy B．help C．move D．sell 7．A．worried B．interested C．surprised D．tired 8．A．closer B．farther C．better D．older 9．A．difficult B．tiring C．boring D．enjoyable 10．A．common B．simple C．creative D．quick 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了今年清明节，年轻人在河南安阳曹操墓前留下布洛芬的新奇祭拜方式，结合曹操的历史故事，介绍了这种幽默的互动方式背后体现的年轻人对历史的兴趣与亲近。 【详解】1．句意：虽然大多数人都带着花祭祖，但许多年轻游客带来了一些不寻常的东西。 根据后文“left boxes of ibuprofen”，结合语境，布洛芬这种祭品和传统的花不同，是不寻常的，unusual符合语境，expensive“昂贵的”、traditional“传统的”、natural“自然的”均不符。 2．句意：曹操是中国历史上著名的领袖，但他也饱受严重头痛的折磨。 固定搭配suffer from表示“遭受（疾病）”，结合语境，曹操受头痛困扰，suffered符合语境，escaped“逃离”、learned“学习”、came“来”均不符。 3．句意：根据故事，名医华佗建议曹操打开他的头来治疗这种疾病。 固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”，to open符合语境，open是动词原形，opening是动名词，to opening结构错误，均不符。 4．句意：结果，曹操后来死于他的病。 固定搭配as a result表示“结果”，结合语境，曹操不信任华佗并将其入狱，最终自己死于疾病，result符合语境，reason“原因”、choice“选择”、dream“梦想”均不符。 5．句意：如今，年轻人想用一种有趣的方式表达他们的幽默。 根据后文“in a funny way”和游客的留言，结合语境，年轻人用幽默的方式表达心意，humor符合语境，sadness“悲伤”、anger“愤怒”、fear“恐惧”均不符。 6．句意：博物馆工作人员说他们不会移动这些药。 根据后文“Instead, they encourage visitors to leave the medicine there”，结合语境，工作人员不会移动游客留下的药，move符合语境，buy“买”、help“帮助”、sell“卖”均不符。 7．句意：他们认为这表明年轻人对历史感兴趣。 结合语境，年轻人用新奇的方式和历史互动，体现了他们对历史的兴趣，interested符合语境，worried“担心的”、surprised“惊讶的”、tired“疲惫的”均不符。 8．句意：通过带礼物，他们感觉和历史人物更亲近了。 结合语境，这种新奇的互动让年轻人和历史人物的距离更近了，closer符合语境，farther“更远的”、better“更好的”、older“更老的”均不符。 9．句意：这让学习历史变得更愉快。 结合语境，这种有趣的方式让学习历史变得更愉快，enjoyable符合语境，difficult“困难的”、tiring“累人的”、boring“无聊的”均不符。 10．句意：他们正用一种创造性的方式与历史交流，而不是只遵循传统方式。 结合前文年轻人的新奇祭拜方式，这是一种创造性的互动方式，creative符合语境，common“普通的”、simple“简单的”、quick“快速的”均不符。 Zengzi was a famous student of Confucius. He was very 11 and always respected his teacher deeply. One day, Confucius was talking with Zengzi. He sat on a seat and began to 12 something important. Zengzi sat on a small mat on the floor and listened 13 . Suddenly, Confucius looked at him and asked a 14 question. Zengzi knew that his teacher was teaching him a great lesson. He wanted to show his 15 and seriousness. Without thinking twice, Zengzi stood up at once. He 16 his own seat quickly and stood 17 the mat. This action was called “bixi” (避席) in ancient China. It showed that he was modest and willing to learn 18 . Confucius saw this and felt very 19 . He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners. In ancient times, leaving one’s seat was a 20 of respect. It meant “I am not good enough to sit while you are teaching me.” Zengzi 21 did this whenever his teacher taught him. He never sat casually or spoke loudly. He always kept 22 and waited for Confucius to finish. This story tells us that 23 is one of the best virtues. Good manners are not just 24 —they come from a sincere heart. If we are polite to teachers and elders, we can 25 more and become better people. 11．A．strict B．polite C．funny D．perfect 12．A．eat B．write C．explain D．guess 13．A．carelessly B．loudly C．angrily D．carefully 14．A．simple B．difficult C．serious D．boring 15．A．respect B．energy C．courage D．fear 16．A．left B．kept C．took D．cleaned 17．A．on B．beside C．under D．next 18．A．happily B．politely C．secretly D．widely 19．A．nervous B．satisfied C．worried D．surprised 20．A．way B．story C．sign D．style 21．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．often 22．A．noisy B．quiet C．clean D．active 23．A．wisdom B．friendship C．politeness D．happiness 24．A．actions B．ideas C．plans D．dreams 25．A．lose B．learn C．miss D．change 【答案】 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．A 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了曾子尊师重道的故事。通过“避席”细节，展现学生对老师的尊敬，强调礼貌源于真诚之心，是重要的美德。 【详解】11．句意：他非常有礼貌，并且总是深深地尊敬他的老师。 由“respected his teacher deeply”可知，尊敬老师体现出曾子的礼貌，其余选项语义不符。 12．句意：他坐在座位上，开始解释一些重要的事情。 根据“Confucius was talking with Zengzi”可知，孔子在谈话中“解释”一些事情，C选项符合老师的教学场景。 13．句意：曾子坐在地板上的小垫子上，认真地听。 前文“always respected his teacher deeply”说明曾子的尊师重道，因此会“认真”聆听老师的教诲。 14．句意：突然，孔子看着他，问了一个严肃的问题。 根据“He wanted to show his...and seriousness.”可知，孔子的问题是严肃的，C选项与下文对应。 15．句意：他想展示他的尊敬和严肃。 根据“respected his teacher deeply”和“He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners.”可知，全文围绕曾子的“尊师懂礼”展开，A选项符合主题。 16．句意：他迅速离开了自己的座位，并且站在垫子旁边。 根据“Zengzi sat on a small mat”和“and stood...the mat”可知，曾子“离开”了先前的座位，其余动作语义不符。 17．句意：他迅速离开了自己的座位，并且站在垫子旁边。 根据“stood...the mat”及选项可知，曾子不可能站在垫子上面或下面，因此曾子站的位置是垫子旁边，B选项符合句意，D选项缺少to。 18．句意：这表明他谦虚且愿意礼貌地学习。 根据“respected his teacher deeply”和“good manners”可知，此处指曾子“有礼貌”求学的态度，其余选项不符合“尊敬老师”的语境。 19．句意：孔子看到这一幕，感到非常满意。 由“he was modest and willing to learn...”可知，老师看到如此有礼貌的学生，通常会感到满意，其余选项感情色彩不符。 20．句意：在古代，离开座位是一种尊重的标志。 “leaving one’s seat”这一行为体现了“respect”，a sign of“……的标志/象征”，符合语义。 21．句意：每当老师教他时，曾子经常这样做。 根据“whenever”及曾子一贯对老师的尊敬表现可知，这是经常性的行为，其他选项频率不符。 22．句意：他总是保持安静，等待孔子说完。 根据“never... spoke loudly”可知，曾子在聆听老师教诲时，总是很安静。 23．句意：这个故事告诉我们，礼貌是最好的美德之一。 根据“respected his teacher deeply”、“He knew Zengzi truly understood the importance of good manners.”和“He never sat casually or spoke loudly.”可知，全文讲述的主题是“礼貌”的美好品德。 24．句意：礼貌不仅仅是行动——它们来自真诚的心。 根据“not just...”和“come from a sincere heart”可知，空处填写“外在行为”与下文“内在本心”构成对比，符合句意。 25．句意：如果我们对老师和长辈礼貌，我们可以学习更多，成为更好的人。 根据“we are polite to teachers and elders”可知，待人有礼、尊师敬长，能让人不断学习成长，符合人生成长逻辑。 Los Angeles, a beautiful city between mountains and the ocean, often faces wildfire dangers. Climate change has made fires worse recently. It causes the temperature to rise and makes conditions even more 26 . Scientists say strange weather-heavy rains followed by long 27 -has the risk of fires. Plants grow 28 with enough rain, and then dry weather makes them die quickly, and strong Santa Ana winds then spread (传播) fires fast. Human 29 raise danger too. Many old houses are made of wood, which catches fire easily. Some people are too lazy to clear the dry plants around their houses, even though it’s 30 for fire safety. People also build more houses in 31 areas with forests around. By 16 January 2025, wildfires in Los Angeles had killed 27 people, 32 over 12,000 buildings, and caused over $250 billion in damage (损失). Thick smoke made people 33 hard, harmed wildlife and killed many animals. Rescue (救援) teams worked day and night, but they still couldn’t 34 the fires for several weeks. Experts suggest 35 future disasters: build fireproof (防火的) houses, avoid high-risk building areas, and clear away the dry plants. Los Angeles is still beautiful, but its story warns the world: dealing with climate change is necessary for survival. 26．A．difficult B．dangerous C．boring D．noisy 27．A．tsunamis B．droughts C．snowstorms D．earthquakes 28．A．healthily B．slowly C．quietly D．differently 29．A．habits B．hobbies C．activities D．jobs 30．A．expensive B．lucky C．strange D．important 31．A．crowded B．beautiful C．risky D．normal 32．A．broke down B．calmed down C．pressed down D．wrote down 33．A．breathe B．feel C．study D．work 34．A．change B．forget C．clear D．control 35．A．looking for B．preparing for C．waiting for D．asking for 【答案】 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了洛杉矶面临的山火危险、成因、造成的损失以及专家对未来防灾的建议。 【详解】26．句意：它（气候变化）导致气温上升，使环境甚至更加危险。 前文提到洛杉矶常面临野火危险，气候变暖会加剧火情，dangerous“危险的”符合语境；difficult“困难的”、boring“无聊的”、noisy“吵闹的”均不符合野火相关场景。 27．句意：科学家称，反常天气——暴雨过后长期干旱——会带来火灾风险。 根据常识，暴雨后长期干旱环境易引发火灾；tsunamis“海啸”、snowstorms“暴风雪”、earthquakes“地震”均和野火诱因无关。 28．句意：有充足雨水时植物健康生长，随后干燥天气让它们快速枯死。 雨水充足，植物会健康地生长；slowly“缓慢地”、quietly“安静地”、differently“不同地”不符合雨水滋养植物的逻辑。 29．句意：人类活动也会增加危险。 后文列举老旧木质房屋、人们疏于清理干枯植物等，都属于人类活动；habits“习惯”、hobbies“爱好”、jobs“工作”概括范围片面，无法涵盖后文多种人为因素。 30．句意：尽管清理房屋周边干枯植物对消防安全很重要，但一些人懒得去做。 清理枯植物对防火是重要的；expensive“昂贵的”、lucky“幸运的”、strange“奇怪的”不符合消防安全常识。 31．句意：人们还在森林周边危险区域建造更多房屋。 森林周边易受野火侵袭，属于“危险的（risky）” 区域；crowded“拥挤的”、beautiful“美丽的”、normal“正常的”不符合野火高危地带的特点。 32．句意：到 2025 年 1 月，洛杉矶野火已造成 27 人死亡，摧毁超 12000 栋建筑，造成超 2500 亿美元损失。 野火会摧毁建筑，用broke down“摧毁”；calmed down“平静下来”、pressed down“压制”、wrote down“写下”均不符合火灾破坏建筑的语境。 33．句意：浓烟让人们呼吸困难，伤害野生生物，致使许多动物死亡。 浓烟会影响人的呼吸“breathe”；feel“感受”、study“学习”、work“工作”均不匹配浓烟对人体的直接影响。 34．句意：救援团队日夜工作，但数周内仍无法控制火势。 救援团队的目标是“控制（control）”野火；change“改变”、forget“忘记”、clear“清除”不符合扑救野火的动作逻辑。 35．句意：专家建议为未来灾害做准备：建造防火房屋、避开高危建筑区、清理干枯植物。 后文均为防灾举措，即为灾害做准备“preparing for”；looking for“寻找”、waiting for“等待”、asking for“请求”不符合主动防灾的语境。 Water is one of the most useful things on the earth. We drink it, wash with it and cook with it. However, it can also be 36 . This was something that happened to me a few months ago. It started as a normal school day. It was summer and the 37 was really hot. We were studying for our tests when a (n) 38 came. The sky went dark and the rain started to beat 39 against the windows. The storm went on and on. Then, the rain started to come through the roof and 40 on the desks in the classroom. Our books were getting wet. Suddenly there was a loud noise. We didn’t 41 what it was at first. Then, water came across the floor of our classroom. The school was flooded. We all felt very 42 and some of the girls started to cry. Miss Miller was calm. She told us all to hold hands. We slowly walked out of the 43 in a line of people and came to a safe place. We didn’t leave there 44 the water was gone. Our school was in a mess. Together we 45 every classroom. Everyone felt tired but lucky! 36．A．harmful B．wonderful C．truthful D．peaceful 37．A．food B．board C．rock D．weather 38．A．lightning B．earthquake C．storm D．fire 39．A．heavily B．slowly C．mostly D．hardly 40．A．fly B．cry C．sleep D．fall 41．A．report B．know C．describe D．forget 42．A．proud B．excited C．happy D．afraid 43．A．window B．museum C．ground D．classroom 44．A．if B．although C．until D．while 45．A．lifted up B．cleaned up C．set up D．looked up 【答案】 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．A 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．D 44．C 45．B 【导语】本文讲述了一次校园暴雨洪涝事件，通过学生的视角描述了暴雨突袭、教室被淹、老师带领大家撤离以及灾后清理的过程，传递了团结互助的主题。 【详解】36．句意：然而，它也可能是有害的。 前文强调水的“有用（useful）”，句首“However”表示转折，因此空处应填与“有用”相反的词。选项A“harmful”（有害的）符合语境；B选项“wonderful”（极好的）、C选项“truthful”（真实的）、D选项“peaceful”（和平的）均与转折逻辑不符。 37．句意：那是夏天，天气非常炎热。 根据“it was summer”和“really hot”可知，此处描述的是夏天的天气状况，“weather”（天气）符合语境。A选项“food”（食物）、B选项“board”（木板）、C选项“rock”（岩石）均不能与“hot”搭配描述夏天的特征。 38．句意：我们正在备考时，一场暴风雨来临了。 根据后文“The sky went dark and the rain started to beat…the windows. The storm went on and on.”可知，此处指“暴风雨（storm）”来临。A选项“lightning”（闪电）只是暴风雨的一部分；B选项“earthquake”（地震）、D选项“fire”（火灾）均与后文下雨的描述不符。 39．句意：天空暗了下来，雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上。 此处修饰动词“beat”（拍打），描述雨势的大小。“heavily”（猛烈地）常用来形容雨、雪下得大，“beat heavily against the windows”是常用表达。B选项“slowly”（慢慢地）、C选项“mostly”（主要地）、D选项“hardly”（几乎不）均不符合雨势大的语境。 40．句意：然后，雨水开始从屋顶漏进来，落在教室里的课桌上。 根据“the rain started to come through the roof”可知，雨水从屋顶漏下后会“落在”课桌上，“fall”（落下）符合逻辑。A选项“fly”（飞）、B选项“cry”（哭）、C选项“sleep”（睡觉）均不能描述雨水的动作。 41．句意：一开始我们不知道那是什么。 根据语境，突然出现巨响，大家的第一反应是“不知道”声音的来源，“know”（知道）符合句意。A选项“report”（报告）、C选项“describe”（描述）、D选项“forget”（忘记）均不符合上下文逻辑。 42．句意：我们都感到非常害怕，一些女孩开始哭了起来。 根据前文“The school was flooded.”以及后文“some of the girls started to cry”可知，大家此时的心情是“害怕的”，“afraid”符合语境。A选项“proud”（骄傲的）、B选项“excited”（兴奋的）、C选项“happy”（开心的）均与受灾的紧张氛围不符。 43．句意：我们排成一队，慢慢地走出教室，来到了一个安全的地方。 根据前文“water came across the floor of our classroom”可知，洪水发生在教室里，因此大家是从“classroom”（教室）撤离。A选项“window”（窗户）、B选项“museum”（博物馆）、C选项“ground”（地面）均不符合场景。 44．句意：直到水退去，我们才离开那里。 固定句型“not...until...”，意为“直到……才……”，符合“水退了才离开”的逻辑。A选项“if”（如果）表条件；B选项“although”（虽然）表转折；D选项“while”（当……时）表同时进行，均不符合句意。 45．句意：我们一起打扫了每一间教室。 根据前文“Our school was in a mess.”可知，洪水过后大家需要“清理打扫”教室，“cleaned up”（打扫干净）符合语境。A选项“lifted up”（举起）、C选项“set up”（建立）、D选项“looked up”（查阅）均不符合灾后清理的场景。 二、阅读理解 Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it? If you do, you may experience snowstorms. A snowstorm is a heavy snow with strong winds. Now let’s take a closer look at it. Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite (冻伤). Well, it is really necessary to learn something about how to protect yourself in such terrible weather. You should always pay attention to the weather report. Then you can get well prepared for snowstorms. You can change the travel plan in time before the snowstorms come. Prepare what you need to keep warm, and save enough food and water for your family. If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged (毁) by heavy snow. If you are indoors, try not to go out. Don’t go to clean the snow, or you will lose temperature. Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒). If you have to go out, you need to wear thick clothes to keep warm. And you’d better wear proper shoes to stop yourself from falling down. Besides, be careful of power lines, because they can be dangerous for people on foot. These are some basic knowledge about snowstorms, and you need to keep this knowledge in your mind. Protect yourself during snowstorms. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 46．How does the writer start this passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By explaining differences. D．By asking questions. 47．Which question can help us find out the writer’s purpose of the second paragraph? A．How can people live in the snowstorms? B．What should people do with snowstorms? C．What are the effects of snowstorms? D．How do snowstorms form? 48．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The house. B．The travel. C．The food. D．The plan. 49．Why should we use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors? A．To give us sunlight. B．To keep us safe. C．To show us ways. D．To teach us lessons. 50．Where can we read this text? A．In a book about illnesses. B．In a newspaper about culture. C．On a website about hard life. D．In a magazine about weather. 【答案】46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了暴风雪的影响以及在暴风雪中保护自己的相关知识。 【详解】46．第一段开头以两个问句“Do you live in an area hit by snow in winter? How do you deal with it?”引出话题，说明作者是通过提问的方式开篇的。 47．第二段介绍了暴风雪的影响：“Snowstorms make it difficult for people to travel. Snowstorms also make it hard for people to buy food and other daily needs. Snowstorms can also lead to health risks, including frostbite.”，这些都是暴风雪带来的影响，因此“暴风雪的影响是什么？”这个问题能帮助我们理解第二段的写作目的。 48．第三段中划线词“it”所在句为“If your house is not strong, move to a safer place quickly. In this way, you won’t get hurt if it is damaged by heavy snow.”，结合上下文可知，这里的“it”指代前文提到的“the house”。 49．第四段提到“Use heating tools in a right way when staying indoors. If the coal is used for heating, keep the windows open to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.”，说明正确使用取暖工具是为了避免一氧化碳中毒，保障我们的安全。 50．全文围绕暴风雪这一天气现象展开，介绍了其影响及应对措施，这类内容通常会出现在与天气相关的杂志中。   My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 51．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 52．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 53．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 54．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 55．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. 【答案】51．C 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乔治在中学时经历的一次强烈地震，包括地震发生时的场景、地震后的状况以及作者从这次经历中获得的感悟。 【详解】51．第一段提到：“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving.” 这表明当地面开始震动时，乔治正在教室里认真听老师讲课。 52．第四段提到：“Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family.” 结合前文描述地震造成很多破坏，以及后文很多人失去家园和家人，可推测出“collapsed”意思是“倒塌”，与“Fell down”意思相符。 53．第二段提到：“When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground.” 结合前文第一段“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying.”以及第三段“My house suffered some damage (损坏).”可知，先是乔治认真听老师讲课，然后同学们开始喊叫哭泣，接着老师带学生去操场，最后乔治看到房子受损。所以顺序是③②④①。 54．第一段提到：“I was scared and even thought of the end of the world.” 说明乔治一开始很害怕；第三段提到：“But I felt happy that we were all safe.” 说明看到大家都安全后他很高兴；第四段提到：“I was sad to hear that.” 说明听到很多人失去家园和家人他很伤心；最后一段提到：“I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now.” 说明他现在对安全更有希望了。所以乔治的感情变化是scared→happy→sad→hopeful。 55．最后一段提到：“Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters.” 这表明乔治从这次事件中学到了为自然灾害做好准备的重要性。 In ancient China, people passed down plenty of classic stories again and again over time. Here are the stories of two famous characters. One person is Che Yin. He was from a poor family. But he loved studying. He had to work in the daytime. So he could only study in the evening. However, there was a problem. He couldn’t afford a lamp. He didn’t worry about that in summer. In the evening, he caught some fireflies. (Fireflies are small insects that can produce light from their bodies.) He put them in a bag and used it as a lamp. This lamp was not very bright, but Che Yin could do some reading by the light in the evening. The other person is Sun Kang. He was smart, but he was so poor that he couldn’t go to school. So he studied at home. He had to read just at night. Like Che Yin, he couldn’t buy a lamp. On snowy nights, he went out and read in the snow. Why? There was the light of snow outside. Later, people used “Nang Ying Ying Xue” to say that no matter how hard the life is, a strong will helps move forward. When we are having a hard time in life, don’t lose heart. Never let life knock us down. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 56．According to Paragraph 2, which picture shows what “fireflies” are? A． B． C． D． 57．What did Che Yin do to study in summer evenings? A．He went to bed early. B．He read books under the snow. C．He asked his friends for help. D．He caught fireflies and put them in a bag. 58．Where did Sun Kang read on snowy nights? A．In the library. B．In the snow outside. C．In the classroom. D．In his warm room. 59．What do Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They used fireflies as a lamp. B．They came from rich families. C．They read by natural light at night. D．They studied in the daytime. 60．Which of the following can best tell the idea of the story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．It is never too old to learn. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了古代车胤囊萤和孙康映雪的故事，他们虽家贫无灯，但利用萤火虫光和雪光坚持读书，后成语“囊萤映雪”用来比喻在困难条件下仍坚持学习的精神。 【详解】56．第二段明确说“Fireflies are small insects that can produce light from their bodies.”,说明fireflies是一种昆虫。 57．第二段描述“he caught some fireflies. (Fireflies are small insects that can produce light from their bodies.) He put them in a bag and used it as a lamp.”，说明他抓萤火虫当灯用 。 58．第三段说“he went out and read in the snow.”，所以他在室外的雪里。 59．通读全文可知，车胤用萤火虫光，孙康用雪光，都是利用自然光夜间读书，这是他们的共同点。 60．根据“Later, people used ‘Nang Ying Ying Xue’ to say that no matter how hard the life is, a strong will helps move forward. When we are having a hard time in life, don’t lose heart. Never let life knock us down.”可知，成语“囊萤映雪”寓意只要有坚强的意志，就能克服困难，这和选项中“Where there is a will, there is a way.”（有志者事竟成）相符。 Song Lian was a great writer in the early Ming Dynasty. He shared his personal learning experiences in “A Farewell to Ma Dongsheng of Dongyang”. He had a natural talent for learning and could already recite many poems by the age of six. He also had a deep love for learning, but his family was too poor to buy books for him. So, he borrowed books from others and copied them out by hand. In cold winters, his fingers could even hardly bend (弯曲), but he never stopped so that he could return the books on time. Because he was always reliable (可信赖的), people were willing (愿意) to lend him books. In this way, he was able to read a lot. As he grew older, he once walked hundreds of miles to visit a learned teacher for help. The teacher was strict, and yet a large number of students kept coming. Song Lian stood beside the teacher, waiting patiently for his turn. When asking questions, he bowed (鞠躬) low and listened carefully to show great respect to the teacher. Once, the teacher got angry because Song Lian’s question seemed a little silly. However, Song Lian stayed even more respectful. He waited until the teacher was in a better mood, then he continued to raise questions. Through his hard work, he greatly improved his knowledge. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．When was Song Lian able to recite many poems? A．By the age of 3. B．By the age of 4. C．By the age of 5. D．By the age of 6. 62．What was Song Lian’s biggest difficulty when he was young? A．He had no interest in learning. B．His family was too poor to buy him books. C．He lived too far from any teacher. D．He couldn’t memorize well. 63．Why were people willing to lend books to Song Lian? A．Because he was famous. B．Because he always returned the books on time. C．Because he paid them. D．Because he only borrowed cheap books. 64．Which of the following words can best describe Song Lian? A．Responsible. B．Strict. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 65．What can we learn from the text? A．We should copy the books out when reading. B．Studying alone is more important than asking others for help. C．We should try every means to study and put in great effort. D．We should discuss more with our classmates when learning. 【答案】61．D 62．B 63．B 64．C 65．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了明代文学家宋濂的个人学习经历，包括他幼时家贫借书抄书、长大后长途跋涉求师问学的故事，展现了他刻苦好学的精神。 【详解】61．第二段指出宋濂的年龄：“could already recite many poems by the age of six.”，说明他在六岁时就能背诵许多诗歌。 62．第二段指出宋濂的困难：“his family was too poor to buy books for him.”，说明他年轻时最大的困难是家贫买不起书。 63．第二段指出人们愿意借书给宋濂的原因：“never stopped so that he could return the books on time. Because he was always reliable, people were willing to lend him books.”，说明他按时还书、值得信赖。 64．通读全文可知，宋濂家贫借书抄书、寒冬天手指不能弯曲仍坚持抄写、长途跋涉求师、耐心等待、恭敬提问、老师生气仍保持尊重，这些都体现了他“刻苦勤奋”的品质。 65．通读全文可知，宋濂家贫但借书抄书、远行求师、恭敬学习，最终学识大进，说明我们应该想尽办法学习并付出巨大努力。 三、任务型阅读 China is a country with a long history and rich culture. It’s also a country that is developing very fast. There are more than 1.4 billion people in China. Over the past few decades, China has changed a lot in many ways. In the past, people lived a simple life. They didn’t have enough food to eat or enough clothes to wear. They lived in small and old houses. People usually walked or rode bikes to go out. There were few TVs, fridges or other electrical things in families. Now, people’s lives have improved a lot. People live in big and comfortable houses. Most families have their own cars and many electrical appliances. People can buy all kinds of food and clothes in supermarkets. They can also travel around the country or even the world easily. China has also made great progress (进步) in science and technology. Many great scientific and technological achievements (成就) have been made. We have high-speed railways, 5G technology, space stations and so on. These achievements make Chinese people proud. China’s development surprises the whole world. As a Chinese, I believe that China will continue to develop fast and become even stronger. We will have a better life and a brighter future. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 66．How many people are there in China? 67．How did people go out in the past? 68．Where do people live now? 69．How many science and technology achievements are mentioned? 70．What do you think of China’s development? 【答案】66．More than/Over 1.4 billion. 67．On foot or by bike. 68．In big and comfortable houses. 69．Three. 70．Amazing./Surprising./…（答案合理即可） 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在过去数十年间，在民生生活、科技领域取得的巨大发展成就，以及对国家未来发展的美好展望。 【详解】66．首段直接给出了中国的人口数据“There are more than 1.4 billion people in China”。这是原文中的直接信息，直接提取即可。 67．第二段明确描述了过去人们的出行方式“People usually walked or rode bikes to go out”。这是原文直接给出的具体信息，可直接对应作答。 68．第三段清晰说明了现在人们的居住情况“People live in big and comfortable houses”。这是原文中的直接描述，可直接提取答案。 69．第四段列举了3项具体的科技成就“We have high-speed railways, 5G technology,space stations and so on”。通过统计文中提到的成就数量，即可得出答案。 70．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需结合文章表达对中国发展的看法，合理作答即可。 阅读材料，根据题目要求完成各小题。 Wendy Chen decided to challenge herself by climbing Mount Tai, a well-known mountain in eastern China. But there was one problem: she couldn’t find a friend to join her for the five-hour trip. Rather than give up her plan, the 25-year-old hired a “climbing buddy”, a young man with rich outdoor experience, to be with her and support her to the 5,000-foot peak. Known in Chinese as “pei pa”, the young Chinese join strangers on their journeys up mountains for a price. It’s becoming popular now. Young people, healthy and active, often college students, advertise themselves on social media. They tell people their height, how strong they are and their hiking experience. They usually ask for 200 to 600 yuan for one trip. During the climb, these “buddies” try their best to make climbers keep going. They sing songs, tell jokes, play music and give them words of encouragement. Sometimes they even carry bags, hold hands and pull the climbers up. Chen and her climbing buddy’s journey began at around 8:00 p.m., so that she could arrive in time for the famous sunrise. After checking her health condition, her climbing buddy planned a suitable route and carried her backpack the whole way. At the moment the sun rose, he showed Chen a national flag so that she could take a photo. Though Chen felt his photography skills still had room to improve, she regarded her climbing buddy as “satisfactory”. Chen was supposed to pay 350 yuan, but she was so pleased that she offered 50 yuan more. 71．Why did Wendy Chen decide to hire a climbing buddy? ________________________________________________________________ 72．What does the underlined phrase “her plan” in Paragraph 1 refer to? ________________________________________________________________ 73．What qualities does a “pei pa” need? ________________________________________________________________ 74．Why did Chen and her climbing buddy begin at 8 p.m.? ________________________________________________________________ 75．How much did Chen pay her climbing buddy? ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】71．Because she couldn’t find a friend to climb Mount Tai with her./Because she couldn’t find a friend to join her for the five-hour trip. 72．Climbing Mount Tai. 73．He/She needs to be young, healthy and active, and have rich outdoor experience./He/She needs to be young, healthy and active, often college students, strong and have hiking experience. 74．Because she wanted to arrive in time for the famous sunrise./They began at around 8:00 p.m., so that she could arrive in time for the famous sunrise. 75．400 yuan. 【导语】本文主要讲述了Wendy Chen雇佣“陪爬”伙伴攀登泰山的故事，并借此介绍了“陪爬”这一新兴职业的特点及服务内容。 【详解】71．根据文章第1段“But there was one problem: she couldn’t find a friend to join her for the five-hour trip.”，可知她雇佣陪爬伙伴是因为找不到朋友同行。 72．根据文章第1段“Wendy Chen decided to challenge herself by climbing Mount Tai… Rather than give up her plan…”，可知“her plan”指代前文提到的攀登泰山。 73．根据文章第2段“Young people, healthy and active… tell people… their hiking experience.”及第1段“rich outdoor experience”，可知陪爬者需要具备健康、活跃及丰富的经验。 74．根据文章第5段“Chen and her climbing buddy’s journey began at around 8:00 p.m., so that she could arrive in time for the famous sunrise.”，可知八点出发是为了赶上日出。 75．根据文章第5段“Chen was supposed to pay 350 yuan, but she was so pleased that she offered 50 yuan more.”，可知最终支付金额为350加50等于400元。 Every year in the US, there are about 1,000 tornadoes in the area known as Tornado Alley (走廊), which mainly includes states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota. That’s why this area is called “Tornado Alley”. The “tornado season” is usually in spring, but the people in Tornado Alley are always ready for them and they always listen to the news. When the warnings come, people follow their disaster plans. They find somewhere safe to stay. At home, the best place is the basement — a room that is used to store things under the level of the ground. If there is no basement, a room without windows like the bathroom is also a safe place. “At school, we often have tornado drills so that we can get ready and won’t feel afraid when there’s a tornado,” says Tiffany Taylor, a high school student from Texas. “There’s no basement at my school, so we usually go to the hallways on the lowest floors. Of course, we never sit near the windows.” After the tornado, people first check to see if it is safe to go out, and then they check the buildings and the area. And usually many buildings fall down and broken things are everywhere! In China, we are not so often troubled by tornadoes, but we do have disasters like earthquakes, or an unexpected fire. It is important to know how to keep us safe when a disaster happens. Always remember to get well prepared. 76．Why does “Tornado Alley” get its name? _________________________________________________ 77．What do people do when they hear a tornado warning? _________________________________________________ 78．How is the tornado area after the tornado passes? _________________________________________________ 79．What is the key to staying safe in natural disasters from the passage? _________________________________________________ 80．What will you do to keep yourself safe if an earthquake suddenly happens in your classroom? _________________________________________________ 【答案】76．Because there are about 1,000 tornadoes every year in this area. 77．They follow their disaster plans and find somewhere safe to stay. 78．Many buildings fall down and broken things are everywhere. 79．Getting well prepared is the key to staying safe. 80．I will hide under the desk and stay away from windows. 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国“龙卷风走廊”的由来、人们应对龙卷风的措施、灾后的情况，并结合中国的情况强调了面对自然灾害要做好准备的重要性。 【详解】76．根据文章第1段“Every year in the US, there are about 1,000 tornadoes in the area known as Tornado Alley… That’s why this area is called ‘Tornado Alley’.”，可知该地区得名是因为每年约有1000次龙卷风。 77．根据文章第2段“When the warnings come, people follow their disaster plans. They find somewhere safe to stay.”，可知听到警告时人们会遵循计划并寻找安全处。 78．根据文章第4段“And usually many buildings fall down and broken things are everywhere”，可知龙卷风过后该地区建筑物倒塌且碎片遍地。 79．根据文章第5段“Always remember to get well prepared.”，可知在自然灾害中保持安全的关键是做好准备。 80．根据文章第3段“Of course, we never sit near the windows.”及第5段关于地震安全的语境，结合常识可知在教室遇到地震应躲避在安全处并远离窗户，答案不唯一，合理即可。 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Natural dangerous events can happen anywhere and at any time. Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces. While you can’t stop these events, you can learn how to protect yourself and others. The first step is to know the latest news. You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone. Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods. If you hear a warning, take it seriously and act quickly. Next, make a safety plan with your family. Decide where to meet if you get separated. Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers. Practice what to do during different kinds of dangerous events, like “Drop, Cover, and Hold on” during an earthquake. During a dangerous event, stay calm. If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outside, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, and electric lines. After the event, avoid damaged areas and listen to adults or police for instructions. Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it. 81．What natural dangerous events are mentioned in the passage? 82．What can you listen to on the radio or your phone? 83．What should you prepare with your family? 84．What should you do if you are indoors during a dangerous event? 85．What can we learn from the passage? 【答案】81．Earthquakes, floods, storms, wildfires and typhoons. 82．Weather reports and important warnings. 83．An emergency bag (with water, food, a light, a medical box and important papers). 84．Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. 85．We should respect nature’s power and get prepared for natural dangerous events. 【导语】本文介绍了常见的自然灾害，给出了收听预警、制定安全计划、准备应急包等应对灾害的实用建议，强调了敬畏自然、提前准备的重要性。 81．第一段：“Earthquakes, floods, storms, and wildfires are just a few examples of nature’s powerful forces.”和第二段“Many countries have warning systems for earthquakes, typhoons, and floods.”文中提到的自然灾害有地震、洪水、风暴、野火和台风。直接提取原文即可。 82．第二段指出：“You can listen to weather reports and important warnings on the radio or your phone.”我们可以通过收音机或手机收听天气预报和重要预警。直接提取原文即可。 83．第三段指出：“Prepare an emergency bag with water, food, a torch, a medical box and important papers.”我们应和家人准备一个装有水、食物、手电筒、药箱和重要文件的应急包。直接提取原文即可。 84．第四段指出：“If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture.”可知，在室内遇到危险事件时，应远离窗户和沉重家具。直接提取原文即可。 85．最后一段“Being prepared can save lives. We should respect nature’s power and learn to live safely with it.”文章主旨是呼吁人们敬畏自然力量，为自然灾害做好准备。 四、短文填空 请根据短文内容和括号内所给单词的提示，用其适当形式填空。 Staycation 86 (become) more and more popular over the past few years. What is a staycation? The answer is in the name. Staycation comes from two words, “stay” and “vacation”, which means staying at home and 87 (spend) holidays in places that are not far from their home. There are different activities to choose from. You could attend an event or visit 88 local place of natural beauty. There could be a museum or a theme park in your area. It may be a spa or a countryside walk. Or maybe you can decide 89 (not leave) the house at all. Staycation is popular among people who are 90 (able) to travel far. For example, they may have young 91 (child), have a disability or have work close to home. People think that taking a staycation is 92 (easy) than travelling farther 93 there is no language barrier (障碍) and no need for money exchange between home and abroad. Many people are now understanding the 94 (important) of supporting their local community. Instead of 95 (travel) to another place, they like to spend their money in the local area to help improve the local economy (经济). 【答案】 86．has become 87．spending 88．a 89．not to leave 90．unable 91．children 92．easier 93．because 94．importance 95．travelling/traveling‌ 【导语】本文主要介绍了“居家度假（staycation）”的含义、流行趋势以及其受欢迎的原因。居家度假指待在家里或在离家不远的地方度过假期，人们可以通过参加活动、参观当地景点等方式进行。它在无法远行的人群中很受欢迎，因为没有语言障碍和货币兑换问题，且有助于支持当地社区和经济。 【详解】86．句意：Staycation在过去几年里已经变得越来越流行。由“over the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语“Staycation”为第三人称单数，因此应用“has”，“become”意为“变得”，其过去分词为“become”，此处应填“has become”，强调从过去到现在这一段时间内“宅度假”受欢迎程度的变化。 87．句意：“Staycation”这个词由“stay（停留）”和“vacation（假期）”两个词组成，意思是待在家里，并在离家不远的地方度过假期。“which means...”是非限制性定语从句，用来解释说明“staycation”的含义。“staying at home”和“spending holidays...”是并列的动名词短语作“means”的宾语。“spend”意为“花费”，应用动名词形式“spending”。 88．句意：你可以参加一个活动或参观当地的自然美景。“a local place of natural beauty”中用不定冠词“a”表示泛指“一个”。 89．句意：也许你可以决定根本不离开房子。decide (not) to do sth.意为“决定（不）做某事”，应用not to leave，表示“决定不离开”。 90．句意：居家度假在不能远行的人们中很受欢迎。“able”意为“能够的”，此处应用其否定形式“unable”，意为“不能的”，“be unable to do sth.”表示“不能做某事”，“who are unable to travel far”是定语从句，修饰先行词“people”，表示“无法远行的人”。 91．句意：例如，他们可能有年幼的孩子，有残疾或在离家近的地方工作。由“they may have”可知，用“child”的复数形式“children”，这里用复数形式表示泛指，“young children”表示“年幼的孩子”。 92．句意：人们认为居家度假比长途旅行要容易得多，因为没有语言障碍，而且无需在国内外之间进行货币兑换。由“than”可知，此处应用“easy”的比较级“easier”，用于两者之间的比较。 93．句意：人们认为居家度假比长途旅行要容易得多，因为没有语言障碍，而且无需在国内外之间进行货币兑换。此处应用连词“because”，意为“因为”，符合逻辑。 94．句意：许多人现在理解了支持当地社区的重要性。用“important”的名词形式“importance”，意为“重要性”，符合题意。“the importance of...”表示“……的重要性”，“of supporting their local community”是后置定语，修饰“importance”，说明是“支持当地社区的重要性”。 95．句意：他们喜欢把钱花在当地地区以帮助改善当地经济，而不是去另一个地方旅行。“instead of doing sth.”意为“而不是做某事”，这里应用“travel”的现在分词形式“travelling或traveling”，这里表示“而不是去另一个地方旅行”，符合逻辑。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general (将军), and Lin was 96 excellent advisor. Lian was famous for 97 (win) battles (战役). Everyone admired him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how 98 (use) words to solve problems. And then he became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 99 (high) position than him. He thought he should get greater honor because of his achievements in the war, while Lin achieved 100 (succeed) just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of (诋毁) Lin behind his back. Lin didn’t want to argue or fight, so he stayed away from meeting Lian. It seemed that Lin was 101 (scary) of him. When asked, Lin explained that he didn’t want to fight with Lian because it would harm their country. When Lian Po heard this, he suffered 102 a sense of shame. He knew he was wrong. Right away, he made a 103 (decide). He took off his clothes, put thorns (荆条) on his back, and went to Lin Xiangru’s home to apologize. Lin Xiangru quickly 104 (forgive) him. After that, they became good friends and pulled together to help the king run the country. Lian and Lin showed us that even 105 we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and achieve great things. 【答案】 96．an 97．winning 98．to use 99．higher 100．success 101．scared 102．from 103．decision 104．forgave 105．if/though 【导语】本文讲述了战国时期赵国名将廉颇与贤臣蔺相如“负荆请罪”的故事，展现了两人从不和到和解、共同辅佐国家的过程，传递了顾全大局、知错能改的精神。 96．句意：廉颇是一位勇敢的将军，而蔺相如是一位出色的谋士。“excellent”以元音音素开头，“advisor”是可数名词单数，所以用不定冠词“an”。 97．句意：廉颇因赢得战役而闻名。“be famous for doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“因做某事而闻名”，所以“win”变为动名词“winning”。 98．句意：另一方面，蔺相如很聪明，知道如何用言语解决问题。“how to do sth.”是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作“knew”的宾语，所以用“to use”。 99．句意：但有一个问题，在蔺相如得到比他更高的职位后，廉颇感到担忧。“than”是比较级的标志，“high”的比较级是“higher”。 100．句意：他认为自己在战争中的成就应该得到更大的荣誉，而蔺相如只是通过口才和辩论取得了成功。“achieved”后接名词作宾语，“succeed”的名词形式是“success”。 101．句意：蔺相如不想争吵或争斗，所以他避开与廉颇见面，看起来他很害怕廉颇。“be scared of”是固定搭配，表示“害怕……”，所以“scary”变为“scared”。 102．句意：当廉颇听说这件事后，他感到一阵羞愧。“suffer from”是固定短语，表示“遭受、经历”。 103．句意：他知道自己错了，立刻做出了一个决定。“make a decision”是固定短语，表示“做决定”，“decide”的名词形式是“decision”。 104．句意：蔺相如很快原谅了他。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“forgive”的过去式是“forgave”。 105．句意：廉颇和蔺相如告诉我们，即使我们有分歧，我们仍然可以放下骄傲，成就伟大的事业。“even if/though”是固定搭配，表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general (将军) , and Lin was 106 excellent advisor. Lian was famous for 107 (win) battles (战役) . Everyone respected him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use words 108 (solve) problems. He once saved he shibi for the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 109 (high) place than him. He thought he should get greater honor because of his achievements in the war, while Lin achieved 110 (succeed) just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论) . Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of Lin 111 his back. Lin didn’t want to argue or fight, so he avoided 112 (meet) Lian. It seemed that Lin was scared of him. When asked, Lin explained that he didn’t want to fight with Lian 113 it would harm their country. When Lian Po 114 (hear) this, he felt very sorry. He knew he was wrong. Right away, he took off his clothes, put thorns (荆条) on his back, and went to Lin Xiangru’s home to say sorry. Lin Xiangru 115 (quick) forgave him. After that, they became good friends and worked together to help the king run the country. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and achieve great things. 【答案】 106．an 107．winning 108．to solve 109．higher 110．success 111．behind 112．meeting 113．because 114．heard 115．quickly 【导语】本文主要讲述廉颇与蔺相如“负荆请罪”的历史典故，赞扬二人以国家为重、放下分歧、同心为国的品格。 106．句意：廉颇是一位勇猛的将军，蔺相如是一位出色的谋士。“advisor”为可数名词单数，“excellent”元音音素开头，不定冠词表泛指，元音音素前用an。 107．句意：廉颇因打赢战役而闻名。固定搭配be famous for doing sth.，介词后接动名词。 108．句意：另一方面，蔺相如聪慧过人，懂得用言辞解决问题。固定结构use sth. to do sth.，不定式表目的。 109．句意：蔺相如的职位比他高后，廉颇感到不满。“than”是比较级标志词，所以形容词用比较级。 110．句意：他认为自己因战功应获得更高荣誉，而蔺相如仅凭口才辩论取得成功。动词“achieved”后接宾语，需名词，名词作宾语。 111．句意：有时，廉颇甚至在背后说蔺相如的坏话。固定短语behind one’s back ，表示“在某人背后”。 112．句意：蔺相如不想争吵争斗，于是他回避与廉颇见面。固定搭配avoid doing sth.，表示“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。 113．句意：当被问及缘由时，蔺相如解释他不想与廉颇争斗，因为这会损害国家利益。前后句为因果逻辑，连词引导原因状语从句。 114．句意：当廉颇听到这番话，他十分愧疚。全文为过去时态，动词用一般过去式。 115．句意：蔺相如很快原谅了他。修饰动词“forgave”，副词修饰动词。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, an earthquake hit our town. Everyone was 116 (scare) that night. The ground shook hard, and the lights in the buildings went out suddenly. People ran out of their homes, shouting in fear. Among them were my neighbor Mr. Wang and 117 (he) family. My mom and I were stuck in our house at first because the door was closed. Mr. Wang heard our cries and came back 118 (help). He pulled the door open with all his strength and guided us to a safe place, away from the 119 (bad) damaged buildings. After the earthquake 120 (stop), we saw many people get hurt. Many people 121 (be) screaming loudly for help around us. 122 (thankful), kind neighbors and volunteers came to offer help right away, Mr. Wang and my mom rushed to the second floor and found an old lady 123 (hide) alone in a small corner, She was too terrified to move. They managed to lead her to safety and then set up 124 (tent) for weak elders and little kids. Although we felt exhausted, we stayed together, To look after each other well, we decided 125 (share) food and clean water if need. That experience taught me that human care and unity could light up the way in the darkest moments. 【答案】 116．scared 117．his 118．to help 119．badly 120．stopped 121．were 122．Thankfully 123．hiding 124．tents 125．to share 【导语】本文讲述了去年作者所在的城镇发生了一场地震，邻居王先生在地震中帮助作者一家脱离险境，之后大家齐心协力救助他人、搭建帐篷、分享物资的感人经历。 【详解】116．句意：那天晚上每个人都很害怕。此处作表语，修饰人（Everyone），表示“感到害怕的”，应用形容词scared。 117．句意：其中有我的邻居王先生和他的家人。“family”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词his修饰。 118．句意：王先生听到了我们的呼喊声，回来帮忙。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。 119．句意：把我们引导到一个安全的地方，远离受损最严重的建筑物。此处修饰过去分词damaged，应用副词badly，表示“严重地”。 120．句意：地震停止后，我们看到很多人受伤了。根据全文时态为一般过去时，此处应用stop的过去式stopped。 121．句意：我们周围很多人在大声呼救。主语“Many people”是复数，且全文为一般过去时，应用be动词的过去式were。 122．句意：谢天谢地，善良的邻居和志愿者们立刻赶来帮忙。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词Thankfully，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 123．句意：王先生和我妈妈冲到二楼，发现一位老太太独自躲在一个小角落里。“find sb. doing sth.”表示“发现某人正在做某事”，应用现在分词hiding作宾语补足语。 124．句意：然后为体弱的老人和小孩子们搭起了帐篷。“tent”为可数名词，此处指搭建多个帐篷，应用复数形式tents。 125．句意：为了更好地照顾彼此，我们决定分享食物和干净的水。“decide”后接动词时，应用动词不定式作宾语，即decide to do sth.。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Blue Sky Rescue (BSR蓝天救援队) is a Chinese volunteer team. It brings help and hope to people in floods, earthquakes or other natural 126 (disaster). The members in BSR all need training to be 127 (prepare). They also lean how to use rescue tools and how to help people who are 128 (injure). In 2021, a sudden flood 129 (hit) a small town in Henan and caused heavy losses. On hearing the news, BSR headed there immediately with first-aid kits, flashlights and 130 (cook) food. As soon as they arrived there. They started to help people 131 need. They put up tents for those who had lost 132 (they) homes and took care of people who got hurt. Rescuing work is not easy. For example, there 133 (be) usually no electricity or water after a disaster, Also, there may be much danger around. And it takes time and courage to save people’s 134 (life). We may not know the names of the rescue workers, but we can take 135 (action) to support them. They are really heroes. 【答案】 126．disasters 127．prepared 128．injured 129．hit 130．cooked 131．in 132．their 133．is 134．lives 135．action 【导语】本文介绍了中国志愿者团队“蓝天救援队（BSR）”的基本情况，包括队员的训练、2021年河南洪灾中的救援行动，以及救援工作的艰辛，呼吁人们支持这些英雄。 【详解】126．句意：它给处于洪灾、地震或其他自然灾害中的人们带来帮助和希望。“disaster”为可数名词，由“other”修饰，应用复数形式disasters。 127．句意：BSR的成员都需要训练以做好准备。此处作表语，表示“准备好的”，应用形容词prepared，be prepared意为“做好准备的”。 128．句意：他们还学习如何使用救援工具以及如何帮助受伤的人。此处作表语，表示“受伤的”，应用形容词injured。 129．句意：2021年，一场突如其来的洪水袭击了河南的一个小镇，造成了严重损失。根据“In 2021”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，hit的过去式仍为hit。 130．句意：BSR立即带着急救包、手电筒和熟食赶往那里。此处修饰名词“food”，表示“煮熟的食物”，应用过去分词cooked作定语。 131．句意：他们一到达那里，就开始帮助有需要的人。“in need”为固定短语，意为“有需要的”，故填介词in。 132．句意：他们为那些失去了家园的人搭建帐篷。“homes”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词their修饰。 133．句意：例如，灾难过后通常没有电和水。此处为there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，“electricity”为不可数名词，且描述一般性事实用一般现在时，故填is。 134．句意：拯救人们的生命需要时间和勇气。“life”为可数名词，由“people’s”修饰，表示多人的生命，应用复数形式lives。 135．句意：但我们可以采取行动来支持他们。“take action”为固定短语，意为“采取行动”，action为不可数名词。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the 136 (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people 137 (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came 138 the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was 139 (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full 140 (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind 141 (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in 142 (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the 143 (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became 144 (hero) . Though nature showed 145 (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 【答案】 136．southwestern 137．not to go 138．from 139．nearly 140．preparations 141．beat 142．hidden 143．worst 144．heroes 145．its 【导语】本文主要记叙了一场超强台风的来袭过程，讲述了人们在台风前后的应对、受灾情况，以及灾难中人性的坚强与互助。 【详解】136．句意：它发生在该国的西南部地区。“part”是名词，前面需用形容词修饰，方位词southwest需变为形容词形式，作定语修饰part。 137．句意：当气象中心警告人们不要外出时，许多人开始意识到危险。动词“warn”，固定搭配warn sb. (not) to do sth.，表示“警告某人（不）做某事”。 138．句意：风暴从附近岛屿的海岸袭来，并迅速向城镇移动。固定搭配come from the coast表示“来自海岸/从海岸登陆”，此处强调台风的移动路径，用come from更贴合语境。 139．句意：尽管台风还很远，它的风速却接近每小时200公里。200 kilometers per hour，“near”需变为副词形式，修饰数量，表示“将近、大约”。 140．句意：当地政府帮助家庭为即将到来的灾难做好充分准备。“make full”后接名词，固定搭配make full preparations for，表示“为……做好充分准备”。 141．句意：台风来袭时，风猛烈地拍打着窗户和屋顶。时间状语“As the typhoon arrived”（过去时） ，主句动词需用过去式，beat的过去式仍为beat。 142．句意：许多人待在家里隐蔽的角落，比如地下室或内走廊，以保护自己的安全。名词“corners”前面需用形容词修饰，动词hide需变为形容词形式hidden，作定语表示“隐蔽的”。 143．句意：这是该地区过去五十年来最严重的台风。the定冠词，“in the past fifty years” ，形容词bad需用最高级形式，表示“最严重的”。 144．句意：面对灾难，普通人成了英雄。主语“ordinary people”是复数，名词hero需变为复数形式，与主语一致。 145．句意：尽管大自然展现了它可怕的脾气，人类的精神依然坚强。名词“temper”前面需用形容词性物主代词修饰，指代nature的代词it，需变为形容词性物主代词its。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $