专题07 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，四川专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解，精选四川各地市八年级期末真题，涵盖人与社会（文化、科技等）、人与自然（动物、环保）主题，74道选择题梯度设计，兼具文化传承与时代热点。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|74题|细节理解（如指代题、事实题）、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断|以《山海经》《方言保护》渗透文化传承，AI动画制作、太空斑马鱼研究、塑料降解真菌等素材反映科技与环保热点，问题从基础信息提取到高阶思维，适配期末测评需求|

专题06阅读理解之说明文 主题01 人与社会——文学（名著，动漫） Passage 1 （2026八年级下·四川遂宁·期末）Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired (给予灵感) today’s works. Let’s learn more about it! Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals. Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence (影响) on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular. Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio《聊斋志异》. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of the animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1,600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021. 1. Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1? A. To answer some questions. B. To give some examples. C. To interest the readers. D. To make a conclusion. 2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2? A. The encyclopedia. B. The mythology. C. Shan Hai Jing. D. The monsters. 3. Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing? 1. states 2. mountains 3. rivers 4. plants 5. art A. 1234 B. 123 C. 234 D. 345 4. What happened when Shan Hai Jing arrived in Japan? A. People liked the book except for the monsters. B. People were afraid of the monsters in the book. C. It was too difficult for people to understand. D. People liked both the book and the monsters. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Shan Hai Jing has inspired works across the world. B. Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters. C. Shan Hai Jing sells very well across the world. D. All people like the monsters from Shan Hai Jing. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 【知识点】文学名著、说明文、中华文化 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《山海经》这部古老书籍，讲述了其成书时间、内容，对世界神话文化的影响，对众多作品的启发以及在日本的情况等。 【详解】1. 第一段提到“Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas).”作者列举了《山海经》中各种奇特的动物，目的是引起读者的兴趣。 2. 第二段“Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time”中，前文提到了《山海经》，后面说像百科全书一样记录当时人们眼中的世界，所以“it”指代的是“Shan Hai Jing”。 3. 第二段提到“The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals.”可知在《山海经》中能找到州、山、河，没有提到植物和艺术。所以能找到1、2、3。 4. 第三段提到“In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular.”说明《山海经》到了日本后，书和书中的怪兽都很受欢迎。 5. 文章最后一段提到“Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works.”以及前文对《山海经》对世界文化、作品等方面影响的阐述，可知文章主要讲的是《山海经》启发了世界各地的作品。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·四川广安·期末） There came out a cartoon short film of Journey to the West on the Internet. It was made with the help of AI (人工智能技术) . The film surprised many people because of its great watching and feeling experience. It provided new chances for showing Chinese classics. This film is from Mr. Feng, a man from Sichuan, who has 15 years of art experience. He said that it might take at least six months to make the short film by hand before. But this work took only one week with the help of AI. He also explained the steps to make this film with AI. The most important thing was to decide the number of pictures needed first. Next, he analyzed (分析) the story with AI and made a plan. Then he used AI to draw the pictures. At last the software (软件) helped to animate the pictures. These steps made many pictures that were not useful. “Now, it is difficult for AI to fully understand my meaning. Every time, I have to find the right pictures for the next step.” That means we still have trouble making films with AI, so it’s not easy to achieve success. However, this cartoon film is a really good beginning, isn’t it? 6. What provided new chances for showing Chinese classics? A. The book Journey to the West. B. The Internet. C. A cartoon film made with the help of AI. D. The watching and feeling experience. 7. What does the underlined word “animate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Put colors to pictures. B. Put pictures on a screen. C. Share pictures with someone. D. Turn pictures into a video. 8. What will happen according to the last paragraph? A. People won’t use AI at all. B. AI will be bad for everything. C. AI may help make films better and better. D. Mr. Feng won’t make a successful film with AI. 9. Which is the best title of the passage? A. An AI-made Cartoon Film B. What a Surprising Film! C. Come to See a Chinese Classic Show! D. AI Is Smart Enough to Help Now 10. Where can you most probably read the passage? A. In a guidebook. B. In a magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a letter. 【答案】6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 【知识点】动漫与动画、说明文 【导语】本文介绍网上出现了一部《西游记》的卡通短片。它是在人工智能的帮助下制作的。这部电影让很多人感到惊讶，因为它的观看和感受体验都很棒。这为中国古典文学的展示提供了新的契机。 6. 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was made with the help of AI (人工智能技术) . The film surprised many people because of its great watching and feeling experience. It provided new chances for showing Chinese classics.”可知，AI辅助制作的卡通短片为展示中国经典提供了新的机会。故选C。 7. 词义猜测题。根据第三段“The most important thing was to decide the number of pictures needed first. Next… Then …At last…”可知，此处指“先决定图片数量、分析故事、画图，最后，软件帮助把图片制作成了动画”。故选D。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, this cartoon film is a really good beginning, isn’t it”可知，作者对AI在电影制作中的未来持积极乐观态度，认为尽管现在有困难，但这是一个好的开始，暗示AI未来可能会帮助电影制作得越来越好。故选C。 9. 最佳标题题。本文介绍借助人工智能技术制作的《西游记》卡通短片，这为展示中国经典提供了新的机会，选项A“人工智能制作的卡通电影”符合文意。故选A。 10. 推理判断题。本文是关于AI在文化创作 (动画电影) 领域的应用，可推测有可能在杂志中读到本文。故选B。 主题02人与自然——动物 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Elephants are the largest land animals. They weigh as much as 5,000 kilos, with big bodies, large ears, and a long trunk (象鼻). Their trunk can be used for breathing, smelling, and taking things. Elephants also have two long tusks (长牙). Elephants live in Africa and parts of Asia. They can be found in forests and grasslands. They eat grasses, leaves, bark, and roots. Because of their size, they spend much of their day eating, about 150 kilos of food a day. Elephants are very social. They live in groups usually led by the oldest cow elephant. Young males (公象) leave the family group when they grow up and live alone or in small groups with other males. Elephants are very clever. They have large brains and can use tools, solve problems, and even recognize themselves in mirrors. They also have great memory, which helps them find food and water and the way back home. Elephants are animals with high EQ. They love family strongly and show great sadness, staying around long, when a family member dies. They have also been known to help other animals in trouble. In many cultures, elephants have important symbolic meanings. In India, the elephant-headed god symbolizes wisdom and good luck. Elephants are also seen as symbols of strength in various cultures around the world. 11. Where do elephants mainly live? A. In deserts and mountains. B. In forests and grasslands. C. In oceans and rivers. 12. How much food do elephants eat in a day? A. About 50 kilos. B. About 150 kilos. C. About 5000 kilos. 13. What is the trunk of an elephant used for? A. Eating. B. Finding food and water. C. Breathing, smelling, and holding things. 14. What can we know about elephants from the passage? A. They are ready to help other animals. B. They are partly clever. C. They live alone. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Elephants’ living environment. B. Elephants’ appearance. C. An introduction to elephants. 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C 【知识点】说明文、常见动物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要从外形、栖息地、饮食、社会性、智力、情商及文化象征意义等方面对大象进行了全面介绍。 11. 细节理解题。根据“They can be found in forests and grasslands.”可知，大象主要生活在森林和草原。故选B。 12. 细节理解题。根据“Because of their size, they spend much of their day eating, about 150 kilos of food a day.”可知，大象一天吃大约150公斤食物。故选B。 13. 细节理解题。根据“Their trunk can be used for breathing, smelling, and taking things.”可知，大象的象鼻用于呼吸、闻气味和拿东西。故选C。 14. 细节理解题。根据“They have also been known to help other animals in trouble.”可知，大象愿意帮助其他动物。故选A。 15. 主旨大意题。文章从大象的外形、栖息地、饮食、社会性、智力、情商以及在文化中的象征意义等多个方面对大象进行了介绍，因此主要内容是关于大象的介绍。故选C。 主题03人与社会——文化 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Almost every child likes sweet things, such as candies, chocolate, ice-cream and desserts. But do you know there is a holiday called Sweetest Day in the USA? Does it mean people can eat lots of sweets on that day? Sweetest Day is a popular holiday for Americans. People celebrate it on the third Saturday in October. On that day, people show their love to the elderly, children, their good friends or anyone else they want to help. Orphans (孤儿) and patients can also enjoy people’s greetings. In fact, anyone may get a gift on that day. It is just a day that offers people a chance to show their love and care to others. Where did the holiday originate (起源)? Here is a story. In 1922, a very kind man in Cleveland, a city in Ohio of America, thought that many poor people in the city needed care from others. He wanted them to be happy and he hoped they would find people who always remembered them and cared about them. So he gave them boxes of sweets or small gifts to show his love. He also asked his friends and neighbors to help him do these things. Many people thought it was a great idea. After that, more and more people in Cleveland began to do things like him every year. Gradually (逐渐地), it became a popular holiday for lots of Americans. 16. What does the underlined word “desserts” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Eggs. B. Beef. C. Sweet food. 17. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________. A. what Americans do to make friends B. how Americans celebrate Sweetest Day C. why the elderly and children are helped 18. Where did Sweetest Day originate? A. The UK. B. The USA. C. The UN. 19. Why did more and more people care about others like the kind man? A. Because they agreed with the kind man and followed his example. B. Because they thought they would also be cared about if they did so. C. Because they thought they could be remembered by the poor people. 20. Oct. 1st was the first Saturday in October, 2022, so Sweetest Day would be celebrated on ________. A. Oct. 8th B. Oct. 15th C. Oct. 22nd 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. B 【知识点】说明文、科普知识、假日活动 【导语】本文介绍了美国“最甜蜜日”（Sweetest Day）的起源、庆祝方式以及其背后的意义，强调了人们在这一天通过送礼物表达关爱和善意的传统。 16. 词句猜测题。根据“Almost every child likes sweet things, such as candies, chocolate, ice-cream and desserts.”可知，孩子们喜欢甜食，而candies，chocolate，ice-cream都是甜食，由此可以推断desserts也是甜食。故选C。 17. 推理判断题。根据“People celebrate it on the third Saturday in October. On that day, people show their love to the elderly, children, their good friends or anyone else they want to help. Orphans (孤儿) and patients can also enjoy people’s greetings.”可知，第二段主要讲述了美国人在最甜蜜日这一天的庆祝方式，即向老人、孩子、好朋友或任何他们想帮助的人表达爱意，孤儿和病人也能享受到人们的问候。故选B。 18. 细节理解题。根据“Where did the holiday originate (起源)? Here is a story. In 1922, a very kind man in Cleveland, a city in Ohio of America...”可知，最甜蜜日起源于美国俄亥俄州的克利夫兰市。故选B。 19. 推理判断题。根据“Many people thought it was a great idea. After that, more and more people in Cleveland began to do things like him every year.”可知，越来越多的人像这位善良的人一样关心他人，是因为他们同意这位善良的人的做法，并效仿他的榜样。故选A。 20. 细节理解题。根据“People celebrate it on the third Saturday in October.”可知，最甜蜜日是在十月的第三个星期六庆祝。如果10月1日是2022年10月的第一个星期六，那么第三个星期六就是10月15日。故选B。 主题04人与社会——健康 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·四川广安·期末） The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (燃烧卡路里). Running Running burns about 700 calories an hour. When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything. As we all know, the best thing in life is free. Rope Jumping Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour. Ropes are convenient to carry. You can pack one in your bag for exercise wherever you go. And your parents can also take one while they travel. Dancing Are you interested in dancing? Why not dance to music at home? Having a family dance party makes parents and children happy and also get some exercise. Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour. Walking a Dog It’s good for your health to walk a dog. One reason may be that you can take more walks when you walk a dog. Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour. If your daily walks have become more like a chore, add some fun. Go with a friend, pick different ways each day, or do some running. 21. Which is NOT the good points of running according to the passage? A. It can make your body healthy. B. You don’t need to cost anything. C. You can enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights. D. You can do it at any place and any time. 22. Which activity can burn the most calories an hour? A. Running. B. Rope jumping. C. Dancing. D. Walking a dog. 23. If Mary has hip hop dancing for one hour and a half, how any calories can she burn? A. 300. B. 400. C. 500. D. 600. 24. What do the activities above have in common? A. They are not easy to do. B. They can only be done outdoors. C. They can help burning some calories. D. They are not interesting at all. 25. What’s the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1） A. ①②③④/⑤ B. ①/②③④⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 【知识点】健康与运动、锻炼/健身（个人）、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了简单的活动让我们家里的每个人都离开椅子，帮助我们在燃烧卡路里的同时让家人更亲近。 21. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful views along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything.”可知，当你跑步的时候，你不仅可以享受沿途的新鲜空气和美丽的景色，还可以使你的身体健康，你不需要付出任何代价，因此D项“你可以在任何时间任何地点做这件事。”文中未提及。故选D。 22. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约700卡路里；根据第三段中“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧600卡路里；根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里；根据第五段中“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧200卡路里。因此跑步一小时能燃烧最多的卡路里。故选A。 23. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里。如果玛丽跳嘻哈舞跳了一个半小时，400+200=600，因此她燃烧600卡路里。故选D。 24. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约700卡路里；根据第三段中“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧600卡路里；根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里；根据第五段中“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧200卡路里。因此，这些活动都帮助燃烧一些卡路里。故选C。 25. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二到第五段副词介绍了跑步、跳绳、跳舞和遛狗这几项运动，它们让我们家里的每个人都离开椅子，帮助我们在燃烧卡路里的同时让家人更亲近。所以文章的结构为总分结构，即①/②③④⑤。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——交通 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·四川乐山·期末） In Southwest China’s Chongqing, more underground lines are reaching into the country areas around the city, especially Line 4. Every day, many farmers take Line 4 with their vegetables to the city, so it is known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”. Line 4 connects the city’s Northeast Shichuan Town to the city center. It is 32.8 kilometers long and has 15 stations. Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. In the past, the vegetables were sold at low prices in the town. But now they can be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan Town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (扁担) to carry the baskets. The station used to open at 6:15 am. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can take the underground for free. The opening of this underground line helps the elderly not only save money but also save time. An elderly couple (夫妇) in their 80s take the underground to sell vegetables every morning. According to the couple, before the underground opened, it took them more than one hour to reach the city center because they had to take several buses. Now, by taking the underground, they can get there in less than 30 minutes. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 26. Why is Line 4 known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”? A. Because farmers can sell vegetables on it. B. Because many farmers carry vegetables on it. C. Because people in Chongqing like vegetables. D. Because it connects the city’s northeast town to the city center. 27. Why do farmers take vegetables to the city to sell them? A. To get to the town. B. To sell vegetables earlier. C. To sell vegetables quickly. D. To sell vegetables at better prices. 28. What does the underlined phrase “used to” in paragraph 2 mean? A. 过去 B. 目前 C. 用于 D. 习惯 29. When does the Shichuan Town station open now? A. At 6:05 am. B. At 6:10 am. C. At 6:15 am. D. At 6:20 am. 30. How long does it now take the couple in their 80s to get to the city center by underground? A. About an hour. B. Less than an hour. C. Less than 30 minutes. D. More than 30 minutes. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 【知识点】说明文、城市、交通方式 【导语】本文主要介绍了重庆地铁4号线如何成为连接农村与城市的“菜篮子专线”，帮助农民以更高价格销售蔬菜，并为老年人提供便利。 26. 细节理解题。根据“Every day, many farmers take Line 4 with their vegetables to the city, so it is known as the ‘Vegetable Basket Line’.”可知，是因为每天许多农民带着蔬菜乘坐4号线进城。故选B。 27. 细节理解题。根据“In the past, the vegetables were sold at low prices in the town. But now they can be sold at higher prices in the city.”可知，农民进城卖菜是为了获得更好的价格。故选D。 28. 词义猜测题。根据“The station used to open at 6:15 am. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day.”可知，车站过去是6点15分开门，为了协助农民，现在它每天提前5分钟开门。used to表示“过去”。故选A。 29. 推理判断题。根据“The station used to open at 6:15 am. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day.”可知，车站过去是6点15分开门，为了协助农民，现在它每天提前5分钟开门。因此现在开门的时间是早上6点10分。故选B。 30. 细节理解题。根据“Now, by taking the underground, they can get there in less than 30 minutes.”可知，现在他们乘地铁不到30分钟即可到达市中心。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——文化 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·四川达州·期末） Look around! Labubu, a funny little monster toy from China’s Pop Mart company, is becoming popular everywhere. It has big eyes and sharp teeth. People buy them in “blind boxes”—you don’t know which Labubu toy you get until you open it. This surprise makes it exciting. Why is Labubu so popular? First, it looks special and different. Second, the fun surprise of the blind box makes people want to collect more. Third, young people share photos online, making it even more popular. This is important for China. Labubu isn’t a panda or dragon (as the old symbols of China). It’s a new and creative design. Its worldwide success shows that China can make cool, modern pop culture that everyone enjoys. It helps change how people see things made in China. Besides, Labubu is making the Chinese artists and designers get known by people around the world. As Pop Mart opens stores in other countries, it brings Chinese pop culture to people around the world. In the future, we will probably see more Chinese characters and stories like Labubu become popular around the world. As China creates fun and cool things, they will continue to spread to new countries. This shows that China’s pop culture can win hearts everywhere in the world. And the world will know and love many more creative ideas from China. 31. What does Labubu look like? A. A cute panda with small eyes. B. A funny monster with big eyes and sharp teeth. C. A traditional Chinese dragon. D. A round toy with no special features. 32. How do people buy Labubu toys? A. By choosing designs you like in open boxes. B. Through online games. C. In “blind boxes” with surprise designs. D. Only in Chinese stores. 33. Why does the writer talk about “panda or dragon”? A. To describe Labubu’s size. B. To show Labubu is a traditional Chinese symbol. C. To explain why Labubu is less popular. D. To compare old symbols with new Chinese creativity. 34. What is the structure of the article? A. B. C. D. 35. In which part of the newspaper might you read this article? A. Sports News. B. Science Report. C. Culture & Art. D. International News. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 【知识点】说明文、其他艺术 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国潮玩品牌PopMart的Labubu玩偶如何通过独特设计和盲盒营销风靡全球，并推动中国流行文化的国际影响力。 31. 细节理解题。根据“Labubu, a funny little monster toy from China’s Pop Mart company, is becoming popular everywhere. It has big eyes and sharp teeth.”可知，拉布布是一款有趣的小怪兽玩具，它有着大大的眼睛和锋利的牙齿。故选B。 32. 细节理解题。根据“People buy them in ‘blind boxes’—you don’t know which Labubu toy you get until you open it. This surprise makes it exciting.”可知，购买方式为盲盒随机款。故选C。 33. 推理判断题。根据“Labubu isn’t a panda or dragon (as the old symbols of China). It’s a new and creative design. Its world-wide success shows that China can make cool, modern pop culture that everyone enjoys.”可知，作者通过对比传统象征（熊猫/龙），突出了Labubu代表的中国新创意。故选D。 34. 篇章结构题。第一段引入Labubu的话题；第二段分析流行的三大原因；第三和第四段介绍其文化意义；第五段是未来的展望。图A与之相符，故选A。 35. 推理判断题。全文围绕Labubu的文化创意和流行现象展开，属于文化潮流话题。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） A cute, fuzzy toy called Labubu, with big teeth and pointy ears, has become a huge hit around the world! It’s made by Pop Mart, a Chinese toy company. This shows how Chinese companies are changing. In the past, China mostly made simple, cheap toys for foreign brands. Now, companies like Pop Mart are creating their own special characters and stories. People everywhere love Labubu not just as a toy, but for its unique design (设计) and feel. Young fans in big cities like New York, London, and Tokyo wait in long lines hoping to buy one. Other Chinese toy companies are also succeeding globally. TOP TOY has over 280 stores worldwide, and 52TOYS’ sales grew massively—by 300% in Thailand last year. Chinese video games like “Genshin Impact” and the “Black Myth: Wukong” are also very popular overseas. What Can We Learn? Good ideas and unique designs (like Labubu or cool games) are loved everywhere. Being creative is important! Things that got ideas from Chinese stories and styles can appeal to the whole world. Be proud of your culture! Making your own new things (like Pop Mart’s characters or the “Wukong” game) is better than just copying others. Labubu’s success teaches us that by using our imagination in school, believing in our own ideas and culture, and working hard to create original things, we can also make something amazing that people everywhere might love in the future. Keep learning and being creative! 36. What details about Labubu can we find in this passage? A. Its sale. B. Its appearance. C. Its owner. 37. Why does the writer say “Chinese companies are changing” in para. 2? A. Because they can make expensive toys now. B. Because they mostly make toys for foreign young fans. C. Because they can design and make their own characters. 38. Which picture can show the meaning of the underlined words grew massively? A. B. C. 39. What make Labubu and the companies successful? ① Creativity is Powerful. ② Sale strategies work. ③ Culture Matters. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③ 40. Why does the writer write this passage? A. To tell us how successful Labubu is. B. To tell us what we should learn and do. C. To tell us how much Chinese companies have changed. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 【知识点】发明与创造、中华文化、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国玩具公司如泡泡玛特等，从过去为外国品牌做简单廉价玩具，到如今打造自有特色IP并在全球成功，还阐述成功源于创意与文化，鼓励大家创新、以文化为傲。 36. 细节理解题。根据“A cute, fuzzy toy called Labubu, with big teeth and pointy ears, has become a huge hit around the world!”可知，文章中提到Labubu有“大牙齿和尖耳朵”，这是外貌特征。故选B。 37. 细节理解题。根据“In the past, China mostly made simple, cheap toys for foreign brands. Now, companies like Pop Mart are creating their own special characters and stories.”可知，中国公司从以前只做代工到如今自己设计、打造角色，所以作者说中国公司正在发生变化。故选C。 38. 词句猜测题。根据“TOP TOY has over 280 stores worldwide, and 52TOYS’ sales grew massively—by 300% in Thailand last year.”可知，grew massively表示“销量大幅增长”，对应迅速上升的图表。故选A。 39. 推理判断题。根据“Good ideas and unique designs (like Labubu or cool games) are loved everywhere. Being creative is important! Things that got ideas from Chinese stories and styles can appeal to the whole world. Be proud of your culture!”可知，文中强调创意和文化让其成功。故选C。 40. 主旨大意题。根据“Labubu’s success teaches us that by using our imagination in school, believing in our own ideas and culture...Keep learning and being creative!”可知，作者是想告诉我们要坚持学习和创新、以文化为傲等。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——方法与策略 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） There are many things you can do to improve your memory, such as using different ways to memorize as well as taking special care of your health. It is important to exercise your brain often to make your memory work better. For example, you can try doing new activities or changing daily habits—learning a new skill helps your brain grow! When you need to memorize something, focus on (专注于) the main point. But don’t let other thoughts jump into your mind, or it will be hard to remember correctly. A great way to help memory is to try to imagine pictures in your mind, but keep it no more than ten of them. Taking notes and keeping diaries are also useful tools to help you remember things! Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are the keys to a good memory. Drinking enough water also helps keep your memory strong. Your brain needs enough sleep and good rest, too. When you sleep, your brain stores memories. Not enough sleep makes it hard to save information, but sleeping too long isn’t helpful. Also, being tired stops you from focusing well. Tea and coffee have caffeine, which helps fight sleepiness and improves focus. But some people think too much caffeine might hurt your memory. To focus on things better, you need to stay relaxed. In the end, staying fit and having health checks often are important—not just for better memory, but for your whole body! 41. What can you do to help your brain grow according to the passage? A. Learn a new skill. B. Eat less food. C. Sleep fewer hours. 42. Why is it important to focus on the main points when you are memorizing? A. To write longer notes. B. To draw more pictures. C. To stop other thoughts from getting in the way. 43. Which action is helpful for you if you want to improve your memory? A. Sleeping for over 12 hours. B. Taking notes while studying. C. Drinking a lot of coffee every day. 44. What do sleep and caffeine have in common according to the third paragraph? A. They both help people feel relaxed. B. They both help the brain store memories directly (直接地). C. They both help keep the brain working well. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Tips for brain exercise. B. Ways to improve memory. C. The importance of healthy habits. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. B 【知识点】说明文、学习策略、方法/策略 【导语】本文主要介绍了提高记忆力的多种方法。 41. 细节理解题。根据“learning a new skill helps your brain grow”可知，学习一项新技能有助于你的大脑成长。故选A。 42. 细节理解题。根据“When you need to memorize something, focus on (专注于) the main point. But don’t let other thoughts jump into your mind,”可知，在记忆过程中，要专注要点，阻止其他想法妨碍。故选C。 43. 细节理解题。根据“Taking notes and keeping diaries are also useful tools to help you remember things!”可知，记笔记对提高记忆力有帮助。故选B。 44. 推理判断题。根据“When you sleep, your brain stores memories.”及“Tea and coffee have caffeine, which helps fight sleepiness and improves focus.”可知，睡眠时大脑存储记忆，咖啡因帮助对抗困倦并提高专注力，故两者的共同点是帮助大脑正常运作。故选C。 45. 主旨大意题。根据“There are many things you can do to improve your memory,”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了提高记忆力的多种方法。故选B。 Passage 5 主题04 人与自然——动物 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Fish babies in space? In a space study on a kind of fish called zebrafish, Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship on April 25, 2024. Since then, they have been living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had some babies in 43 days. In their special closed fish tank, the plants produced air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle. Such a closed ecosystem is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily. The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently compared to living on Earth. For example, they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. On Earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand how the human body reacts to space conditions. 46. What do we know about the space study? A. It lasted for less than one month. B. It’s a Chinese great achievement. C. The zebrafish gave birth to four babies in space. 47. Which picture should be in the circle in paragraph 3? A. B. C. 48. How was the zebrafish’s life in space? A. The zebrafish swam upside down. B. The zebrafish swam as the way on Earth. C. The zebrafish became stronger in space than on Earth. 49. Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space? A. They eat and live on water plants. B. They completely have the same genes as humans. C. They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Living in the Spaceship B. Raising Zebrafish in Space C. The human reactions in space conditions 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. B 【知识点】航天与航空、说明文、常见动物 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家太空饲养斑马鱼的成果：它们存活繁殖，常仰泳，与人类共享70%基因，研究意义重大。 【详解】46. 细节理解题。根据“Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world”可知，中国科学家在太空研究斑马鱼方面取得了新纪录，这是中国的一项伟大成就。故选B。 47. 推理判断题。根据“In their special closed fish tank, the plants produced air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle.”可知，第三段描述了封闭鱼缸中的生态循环：科学家们通过一根特殊的针给鱼喂食，植物为鱼提供空气，鱼的排泄物为植物提供养分。此处应该是“鱼的排泄物为植物提供养分”的图片，选项C图片符合。故选C。 48. 细节理解题。根据“The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently compared to living on Earth. For example, they often swam on their backs.”可知，科学家们还发现，与在地球上生活相比，斑马鱼的行为有所不同，它们经常仰泳。句中“swam on their backs”即“swam upside down”意为“仰泳”。故选A。 49. 细节理解题。根据“Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes. So the new finding will help scientists better understand how the human body reacts to space conditions.”可知，人类和斑马鱼有70%的基因相同，这项新发现将帮助科学家更好地了解人体对太空环境的反应。70%超过了三分之二。故选C。 50. 最佳标题题。根据文中内容可知，文章主要讲述了中国科学家在太空饲养斑马鱼的研究，包括它们的生存、繁殖以及研究的意义，选项B“在太空饲养斑马鱼”最能概括文章主题。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——文化 Passage 6 （2025八年级下·四川南充·期末） Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places, including 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the world’s largest language resource library. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is protecting the dialect culture important? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. “Language truly shows the history and the beliefs of an area.” he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming shared his worries about the disappearing of dialects. “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak it. What’s more, young people over 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear.” he said. So how did China build this big library? “A big national effort (努力) has been put into the project to make it happen.” said Cao Zhiyun, the top expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital (数字化的) tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 51. What’s the Chinese Language Resources Protection mainly about? A. Teaching people how to speak Mandarin. B. Protecting local dialects. C. Helping people learn foreign languages. D. Building more universities. 52. Why are dialects important according to Harold Palmer in paragraph 3? A. Because they are easy to learn. B. Because they can be used in daily life. C. Because they store local cultures. D. Because they are a symbol of a country. 53. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? A. Building the big library. B. Joining in universities and research groups. C. Putting into a national effort. D. Getting help from the top expert. 54. What does the second part of the project mainly focus on? A. Collecting more dialects. B. Building more online libraries. C. Teaching people how to speak Mandarin. D. Creating digital tools to help people learn dialects. 55. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Language Competition B. Digital Tools in Language Learning C. China’s Efforts on Saving Dialects D. China’s New Technology to Record Dialects 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. C 【知识点】语言与文化、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国为保护濒危方言而启动的中国语言资源保护工程，包括该工程的内容、方言的重要性、工程的实施情况及后续计划等。 51. 细节理解题。根据“While many Chinese people speak Mandarin, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago.”可知，中国语言资源保护工程主要是为了保护地方方言。故选B。 52. 细节理解题。根据“According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures.”可知，Harold Palmer认为方言重要是因为它们储存着地方文化。故选C。 53. 词义猜测题。根据“So how did China build this big library? ‘A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen.’”可知，这里的“it”指代的是前文提到的“build this big library”（建设这个大图书馆）。故选A。 54. 推理判断题。根据“The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects.”可知，该项目的第二部分主要侧重于创建数字化工具来帮助人们学习方言。故选D。 55. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了中国为拯救濒危方言所做的努力，包括启动中国语言资源保护工程、建设语言资源库以及项目的后续计划等。因此，“China’s Efforts on Saving Dialects”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 主题05 人与社会——科学 Passage 7 （2025八年级下·四川南充·期末） Hi! I’m the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway. I’ve felt happy recently because a new high-speed railway now links (连接) the two cities. Do you want to know my story? I was born in 1909. The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou. He was a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railways without other countries’ help. So he built me, China’s first self-built railway. This was an important success at the time, as it showed China’s ability in engineering and technology. At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽). They were very slow. Their top speed was only 35 km/h. Then, the trains started to use diesel (柴油). Later, there were even better trains which used electricity (电). But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. The journey was long and tiring for passengers. In 2020, the new high-speed railway opened on December 30. I was so excited. It helped people travel much faster. The high-speed trains had a top speed of 350 km/h! It only took 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. This was a surprising improvement, which cut travel time by over 80%. The advanced safety systems, comfortable seats, and free Wi-Fi make the journey enjoyable for all passengers. During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the two host cities of the event, welcomed lots of people from around the world. The railway played an important role in transporting. I’m a little sad that I’m too old to keep working these days, but people will keep me as part of history. I’m also proud of all the changes China has made. Zhan Tianyou must be happy and proud too. 56. Which type of trains were used on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway after steam trains? A. Electric trains. B. Diesel trains. C. High-speed trains. D. Steam and diesel trains. 57. Why was the old Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway an important success? A. It was the longest railway in China. B. It was China’s first self-built railway. C. It had the fastest trains at that time. D. It used the best technology. 58. Which following has the same meaning as the underlined word “cut” in Paragraph 4? A. She cut her finger on a piece of glass. B. You’ve had your hair cut, and it looks great. C. Please cut the tomatoes in half. D. Buyers try to cut the cost of the house they want. 59. How does the railway feel about its role today? A. Angry about stopping working. B. Proud to still carry passengers. C. Happy to be part of history. D. Sad because it is slow. 60. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the history of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway. B. To explain the technology used in building railways. C. To describe the new high-speed railway. D. To compare different types of trains. 【答案】56. B 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A 【知识点】科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文以京张铁路的视角，讲述其历史（詹天佑主持修建，为中国首条自建铁路）、列车发展（蒸汽→柴油→电力→高铁），以及在冬奥会的作用，和如今作为历史一部分的感慨。 56. 细节理解题。根据“At first, my trains used steam（蒸汽）...Then, the trains started to use diesel（柴油）.”可知，蒸汽火车后用柴油火车，故选B。 57. 细节理解题。根据“So he built me, China’s first self-built railway. This was an important success at the time...”可知，因是中国首条自建铁路，所以是重要成就，故选B。 58. 词句猜测题。根据“This was a surprising improvement, which cut travel time by over 80%.”可知，“cut”在此处意为“削减、减少”。D选项“Buyers try to cut the cost of the house they want.（买家试图削减想要房子的成本）” 中“cut”是“削减”之意，与原文语境一致，故选D。 59. 细节理解题。根据“I’m a little sad that I’m too old to keep working these days, but people will keep me as part of history. I’m also proud of all the changes China has made.”可知，铁路对成为历史一部分感到欣慰，故选C。 60. 主旨大意题。文章以京张铁路自述，介绍其从修建到发展的历史，目的是“To introduce the history of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway（介绍京张铁路的历史）”，故选A。 主题06 人与社会——人际关系 Passage 8 （2025八年级下·四川巴中·期末） Whether it’s fighting with brothers and sisters or being shouted at, family arguments aren’t nice. However, families arguing is common and finding ways to work it out is important. Psychologist (心理学家) Dr. Emma Morris says that most families argue sometimes. “It’s quite normal,” she explains. “You may argue more with your family than with other people because you feel safe to show your emotions, and they will still love you.” Parents and carers are often the ones who set rules, which can cause disagreements. Brothers and sisters might fight over what is fair. Sometimes adults argue too, which can be upset. Families argue for many reasons. Maybe it’s something small, like losing a game or feeling stressed about friendships or schoolwork. Adults might shout angrily because they’re worrying about a problem at work or a family member who gets ill. “Sometimes these pressures make us have more arguments than usual.” Dr Morris says. Hearing people you love get angry with each other can be difficult but there are ways to look after yourself. The mental health organization, Young Minds, suggests taking a break when an argument starts. You can leave the room or get out for some fresh air. When you come back, you may see things differently. Write your feelings in a diary to help you understand an argument or speak to someone you trust. Talking it through can make you feel better. “Like anything, it needs practice to be good at dealing with arguments,” Morris says. Remember, it is not your mistake if other people argue. If you find it upset and don’t know what to do, you can ask someone you trust for help. 61. What does Dr. Emma Morris say about arguing with family? A. It is a sign of a bad relationship. B. It should never happen in a family. C. It is normal and shows you feel safe. D. It means your family doesn’t love you. 62. Which is a possible reason of family arguments according to the passage? A. Not having enough toys. B. Watching too much TV. C. Playing many computer games. D. Worrying about school or work. 63. What do we know about stress and family arguments? A. Stress has no relation to family arguments. B. Stress helps families solve arguments faster. C. Stress makes families argue more than usual. D. Stress makes families argue less than usual. 64. What does Young Minds suggest people do first when meeting an argument? A. Shout back loudly. B. Stay in the room and listen. C. Take a break and leave. D. Join the argument quickly. 65. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. You should never talk about your feelings. B. It takes time to learn how to work arguments out. C. Children should always take no notice of arguments. D. Only adults need to work on dealing with arguments. 【答案】61. C 62. D 63. C 64. C 65. B 【知识点】家庭关系、说明文 【导语】本文主要讨论了家庭争吵的普遍性、原因及应对方法。 61. 细节理解题。根据“‘It’s quite normal,’ she explains. ‘You may argue more with your family than with other people because you feel safe to show your emotions,’”可知，Dr. Emma Morris认为争吵很正常且情感安全。故选C。 62. 细节理解题。根据“Maybe it’s something small, like losing a game or feeling stressed about friendships or schoolwork.”及“Adults might shout angrily because they’re worrying about a problem at work or a family member who gets ill.”可知，家庭吵架的原因可能是担心学校或工作。故选D。 63. 细节理解题。根据“Sometimes these pressures make us have more arguments than usual.”可知，压力会让我们比平时有更多的争论。故选C。 64. 细节理解题。根据“The mental health organization, Young Minds, suggests taking a break when an argument starts. You can leave the room or get out for some fresh air.”可知，心理健康组织YoungMinds建议在争吵开始时休息一下然后离开房间。故选C。 65. 推理判断题。根据“Like anything, it needs practice to be good at dealing with arguments,”可知，说明需要时间去处理家庭争吵。故选B。 Passage 9 （2025八年级下·四川泸州·期末） Some parents think children should play a lot in their childhood. However, some parents think children should learn more useful things. They teach their children to do chores by themselves early. What are chores? Chores are things we need to do every day like washing the dishes and sweeping the floor. Here are some benefits (益处) that helping out with chores will bring to children. First, doing chores teaches children life skills (技能). Children will need to do many hard things by themselves one day, so they should learn more life skills as early as possible. Doing chores like cooking, feeding pets and cleaning the house can help them become more independent and teach them how to solve problems. Second, doing chores helps children learn to respect (尊敬) others. If children are asked to clean up the house, they may know better about the mess they make. And they will respect others’ work more. Third, doing chores helps children be better at making plans and organizing their time. There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in. Children need to do their homework, do housework and make friends. Learning to do these well helps them know what the most important thing is and how to organize their time well. 66. How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1? A. By asking questions. B. By comparing ideas. C. By telling stories. D. By showing facts. 67. What are chores according to the passage? A. School subjects. B. Games that children play. C. Things to do every day. D. Activities for adults only. 68. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Children should give up some things if they are busy. B. Children need to put tasks in order and plan their time well. C. Children should ask for help when they have too many tasks. D. Children should clean their homes before doing other things. 69. Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1... ) A. ①-②③④ B. ①-②③-④ C. ①-②-③④ D. ①②-③-④ 70. What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A. To teach children how to do chores. B. To show why kids should respect others. C. To teach parents how to make plans for kids. D. To show parents how kids benefit from chores. 【答案】66. B 67. C 68. B 69. A 70. D 【知识点】劳动实践、意见/建议、议论文 【导语】本文主要讨论了让孩子做家务的益处，包括培养生活技能、学会尊重他人以及提高时间管理能力。 66. 细节理解题。根据“Some parents think children should play a lot in their childhood. However, some parents think children should learn more useful things.”可知作者通过对比不同家长的观点引入话题，故选B。 67. 细节理解题。根据“What are chores? Chores are things we need to do every day like washing the dishes and sweeping the floor.”可知家务是每天需要做的事情，故选C。 68. 词句猜测题。根据“There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in.”以及后文提到的“how to organize their time well”可知这句话的意思是孩子需要合理安排任务并规划时间，故选B。 69. 篇章结构题。根据文章结构：第一段引入话题，第二、三、四段分别阐述三个益处，可知结构是①-②③④，故选A。 70. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知作者主要向家长展示孩子做家务的益处，故选D。 主题06 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 10 （2025八年级下·四川内江·期末） Plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is a main environmental problem. It stays in nature for hundreds of years, hurting animals, oceans, and the environment. Millions of animals are affected every year, and “plastic islands” in the oceans continue to grow. However, scientists have recently found a possible solution—some special plants and fungi (真菌) have the ability to “eat” plastic. In one experiment (实验), scientists put a plastic bottle with some fungi in a box. After several weeks, the fungi made special chemicals (化学物质) that broke down the plastic into small pieces. By the end of the experiment, most of the bottle was gone, leaving only safe things like water and air. This experiment shows the ability of fungi to help solve the problem of plastic pollution. Scientists also found other fungi and small living things in forests and mountains that can break down plastic. These small living things thrive in difficult environments, the large number of which makes them good at breaking down hard plastic. This finding could change how we deal with plastic. Our old ways like recycling (回收) cost too much and don’t work well enough. Using plants and fungi would be cheaper and better for the environment than factories. However, there are still problems. We need to grow enough of these plastic-eating fungi and make sure they don’t hurt nature at the same time. Besides, scientists must study more to make them work in natural environments. Even with these problems, the future is still hopeful. Special farms could be set up in oceans and polluted areas to grow these fungi and plants. This could work better because the number of them is big and they can break down plastic waste better and faster. If we can use these special fungi to “eat” plastic, we might solve the pollution problems and make the Earth cleaner. Scientists are still studying how we can use fungi to fight plastic pollution in the future. 71. What did the scientists find according to Paragraph 2? A. Fungi can break down plastic. B. Plastic pollution is hard to solve. C. People should use fungi instead of plastic. D. There are different kinds of plastic waste. 72. In which sentence does “thrive” have the same meaning as in Paragraph 3? A. The business began to thrive after making new products. B. Children thrive when they get enough love and care. C. The music festival thrives on creative performances. D. Some plants thrive in dry places with little water. 73. Why is using fungi better than traditional recycling method? A. Fungi can work in any environment easily. B. It is less expensive and more eco-friendly. C. Factories produce more pollution than fungi. D. Fungi can eat all types of plastic quickly. 74. What might the writer discuss next? A. Ways to make the Earth clean. B. Different experiments scientists did. C. The future use of plastic-eating fungi. D. Other ways to solve plastic pollution. 【答案】71. A 72. D 73. B 74. C 【知识点】说明文、环境保护 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家发现某些真菌和植物具有分解塑料的能力，为解决塑料污染问题提供了新的可能性，并探讨了这种方法的优势和面临的挑战。 71. 细节理解题。根据第2段“the fungi made special chemicals that broke down the plastic into small pieces...the bottle was gone”（真菌分泌的特殊化学物质将塑料分解成小碎片……瓶子消失了）可推知，真菌能够分解塑料。故选A。 72. 词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“These small living things thrive in difficult environments”（这些微生物在恶劣环境中茁壮成长）可知，“thrive”指生物在特定环境中繁衍生息。选项D中“Some plants thrive in dry places”（某些植物在干旱地区茁壮成长）的用法与原文一致。故选D。 73. 细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Using plants and fungi would be cheaper and better for the environment than factories”（使用植物和真菌比工厂更便宜且环保）可推知，真菌法的优势是成本低且环保。故选B。 74. 推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Scientists are still studying how we can use fungi to fight plastic pollution in the future”（科学家仍在研究如何利用真菌解决未来污染），因此下文最可能讨论真菌的未来应用。故选C。   1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文 主题01 人与社会——文学（名著，动漫） Passage 1 （2026八年级下·四川遂宁·期末）Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails, these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired (给予灵感) today’s works. Let’s learn more about it! Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC). Like an encyclopedia (百科全书), it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30,000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals. Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence (影响) on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters (怪兽) were also popular. Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio《聊斋志异》. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of the animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1,600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021. 1. Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1? A. To answer some questions. B. To give some examples. C. To interest the readers. D. To make a conclusion. 2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2? A. The encyclopedia. B. The mythology. C. Shan Hai Jing. D. The monsters. 3. Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing? 1. states 2. mountains 3. rivers 4. plants 5. art A. 1234 B. 123 C. 234 D. 345 4. What happened when Shan Hai Jing arrived in Japan? A. People liked the book except for the monsters. B. People were afraid of the monsters in the book. C. It was too difficult for people to understand. D. People liked both the book and the monsters. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Shan Hai Jing has inspired works across the world. B. Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters. C. Shan Hai Jing sells very well across the world. D. All people like the monsters from Shan Hai Jing. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·四川广安·期末） There came out a cartoon short film of Journey to the West on the Internet. It was made with the help of AI (人工智能技术) . The film surprised many people because of its great watching and feeling experience. It provided new chances for showing Chinese classics. This film is from Mr. Feng, a man from Sichuan, who has 15 years of art experience. He said that it might take at least six months to make the short film by hand before. But this work took only one week with the help of AI. He also explained the steps to make this film with AI. The most important thing was to decide the number of pictures needed first. Next, he analyzed (分析) the story with AI and made a plan. Then he used AI to draw the pictures. At last the software (软件) helped to animate the pictures. These steps made many pictures that were not useful. “Now, it is difficult for AI to fully understand my meaning. Every time, I have to find the right pictures for the next step.” That means we still have trouble making films with AI, so it’s not easy to achieve success. However, this cartoon film is a really good beginning, isn’t it? 6. What provided new chances for showing Chinese classics? A. The book Journey to the West. B. The Internet. C. A cartoon film made with the help of AI. D. The watching and feeling experience. 7. What does the underlined word “animate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Put colors to pictures. B. Put pictures on a screen. C. Share pictures with someone. D. Turn pictures into a video. 8. What will happen according to the last paragraph? A. People won’t use AI at all. B. AI will be bad for everything. C. AI may help make films better and better. D. Mr. Feng won’t make a successful film with AI. 9. Which is the best title of the passage? A. An AI-made Cartoon Film B. What a Surprising Film! C. Come to See a Chinese Classic Show! D. AI Is Smart Enough to Help Now 10. Where can you most probably read the passage? A. In a guidebook. B. In a magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a letter. 主题02人与自然——动物 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Elephants are the largest land animals. They weigh as much as 5,000 kilos, with big bodies, large ears, and a long trunk (象鼻). Their trunk can be used for breathing, smelling, and taking things. Elephants also have two long tusks (长牙). Elephants live in Africa and parts of Asia. They can be found in forests and grasslands. They eat grasses, leaves, bark, and roots. Because of their size, they spend much of their day eating, about 150 kilos of food a day. Elephants are very social. They live in groups usually led by the oldest cow elephant. Young males (公象) leave the family group when they grow up and live alone or in small groups with other males. Elephants are very clever. They have large brains and can use tools, solve problems, and even recognize themselves in mirrors. They also have great memory, which helps them find food and water and the way back home. Elephants are animals with high EQ. They love family strongly and show great sadness, staying around long, when a family member dies. They have also been known to help other animals in trouble. In many cultures, elephants have important symbolic meanings. In India, the elephant-headed god symbolizes wisdom and good luck. Elephants are also seen as symbols of strength in various cultures around the world. 11. Where do elephants mainly live? A. In deserts and mountains. B. In forests and grasslands. C. In oceans and rivers. 12. How much food do elephants eat in a day? A. About 50 kilos. B. About 150 kilos. C. About 5000 kilos. 13. What is the trunk of an elephant used for? A. Eating. B. Finding food and water. C. Breathing, smelling, and holding things. 14. What can we know about elephants from the passage? A. They are ready to help other animals. B. They are partly clever. C. They live alone. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Elephants’ living environment. B. Elephants’ appearance. C. An introduction to elephants. 主题03人与社会——文化 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Almost every child likes sweet things, such as candies, chocolate, ice-cream and desserts. But do you know there is a holiday called Sweetest Day in the USA? Does it mean people can eat lots of sweets on that day? Sweetest Day is a popular holiday for Americans. People celebrate it on the third Saturday in October. On that day, people show their love to the elderly, children, their good friends or anyone else they want to help. Orphans (孤儿) and patients can also enjoy people’s greetings. In fact, anyone may get a gift on that day. It is just a day that offers people a chance to show their love and care to others. Where did the holiday originate (起源)? Here is a story. In 1922, a very kind man in Cleveland, a city in Ohio of America, thought that many poor people in the city needed care from others. He wanted them to be happy and he hoped they would find people who always remembered them and cared about them. So he gave them boxes of sweets or small gifts to show his love. He also asked his friends and neighbors to help him do these things. Many people thought it was a great idea. After that, more and more people in Cleveland began to do things like him every year. Gradually (逐渐地), it became a popular holiday for lots of Americans. 16. What does the underlined word “desserts” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Eggs. B. Beef. C. Sweet food. 17. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________. A. what Americans do to make friends B. how Americans celebrate Sweetest Day C. why the elderly and children are helped 18. Where did Sweetest Day originate? A. The UK. B. The USA. C. The UN. 19. Why did more and more people care about others like the kind man? A. Because they agreed with the kind man and followed his example. B. Because they thought they would also be cared about if they did so. C. Because they thought they could be remembered by the poor people. 20. Oct. 1st was the first Saturday in October, 2022, so Sweetest Day would be celebrated on ________. A. Oct. 8th B. Oct. 15th C. Oct. 22nd 主题04人与社会——健康 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·四川广安·期末） The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (燃烧卡路里). Running Running burns about 700 calories an hour. When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything. As we all know, the best thing in life is free. Rope Jumping Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour. Ropes are convenient to carry. You can pack one in your bag for exercise wherever you go. And your parents can also take one while they travel. Dancing Are you interested in dancing? Why not dance to music at home? Having a family dance party makes parents and children happy and also get some exercise. Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour. Walking a Dog It’s good for your health to walk a dog. One reason may be that you can take more walks when you walk a dog. Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour. If your daily walks have become more like a chore, add some fun. Go with a friend, pick different ways each day, or do some running. 21. Which is NOT the good points of running according to the passage? A. It can make your body healthy. B. You don’t need to cost anything. C. You can enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights. D. You can do it at any place and any time. 22. Which activity can burn the most calories an hour? A. Running. B. Rope jumping. C. Dancing. D. Walking a dog. 23. If Mary has hip hop dancing for one hour and a half, how any calories can she burn? A. 300. B. 400. C. 500. D. 600. 24. What do the activities above have in common? A. They are not easy to do. B. They can only be done outdoors. C. They can help burning some calories. D. They are not interesting at all. 25. What’s the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1） A. ①②③④/⑤ B. ①/②③④⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③/④⑤ 主题01 人与社会——交通 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·四川乐山·期末） In Southwest China’s Chongqing, more underground lines are reaching into the country areas around the city, especially Line 4. Every day, many farmers take Line 4 with their vegetables to the city, so it is known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”. Line 4 connects the city’s Northeast Shichuan Town to the city center. It is 32.8 kilometers long and has 15 stations. Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. In the past, the vegetables were sold at low prices in the town. But now they can be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan Town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (扁担) to carry the baskets. The station used to open at 6:15 am. To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can take the underground for free. The opening of this underground line helps the elderly not only save money but also save time. An elderly couple (夫妇) in their 80s take the underground to sell vegetables every morning. According to the couple, before the underground opened, it took them more than one hour to reach the city center because they had to take several buses. Now, by taking the underground, they can get there in less than 30 minutes. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 26. Why is Line 4 known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”? A. Because farmers can sell vegetables on it. B. Because many farmers carry vegetables on it. C. Because people in Chongqing like vegetables. D. Because it connects the city’s northeast town to the city center. 27. Why do farmers take vegetables to the city to sell them? A. To get to the town. B. To sell vegetables earlier. C. To sell vegetables quickly. D. To sell vegetables at better prices. 28. What does the underlined phrase “used to” in paragraph 2 mean? A. 过去 B. 目前 C. 用于 D. 习惯 29. When does the Shichuan Town station open now? A. At 6:05 am. B. At 6:10 am. C. At 6:15 am. D. At 6:20 am. 30. How long does it now take the couple in their 80s to get to the city center by underground? A. About an hour. B. Less than an hour. C. Less than 30 minutes. D. More than 30 minutes. 主题02 人与社会——文化 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·四川达州·期末） Look around! Labubu, a funny little monster toy from China’s Pop Mart company, is becoming popular everywhere. It has big eyes and sharp teeth. People buy them in “blind boxes”—you don’t know which Labubu toy you get until you open it. This surprise makes it exciting. Why is Labubu so popular? First, it looks special and different. Second, the fun surprise of the blind box makes people want to collect more. Third, young people share photos online, making it even more popular. This is important for China. Labubu isn’t a panda or dragon (as the old symbols of China). It’s a new and creative design. Its worldwide success shows that China can make cool, modern pop culture that everyone enjoys. It helps change how people see things made in China. Besides, Labubu is making the Chinese artists and designers get known by people around the world. As Pop Mart opens stores in other countries, it brings Chinese pop culture to people around the world. In the future, we will probably see more Chinese characters and stories like Labubu become popular around the world. As China creates fun and cool things, they will continue to spread to new countries. This shows that China’s pop culture can win hearts everywhere in the world. And the world will know and love many more creative ideas from China. 31. What does Labubu look like? A. A cute panda with small eyes. B. A funny monster with big eyes and sharp teeth. C. A traditional Chinese dragon. D. A round toy with no special features. 32. How do people buy Labubu toys? A. By choosing designs you like in open boxes. B. Through online games. C. In “blind boxes” with surprise designs. D. Only in Chinese stores. 33. Why does the writer talk about “panda or dragon”? A. To describe Labubu’s size. B. To show Labubu is a traditional Chinese symbol. C. To explain why Labubu is less popular. D. To compare old symbols with new Chinese creativity. 34. What is the structure of the article? A. B. C. D. 35. In which part of the newspaper might you read this article? A. Sports News. B. Science Report. C. Culture & Art. D. International News. Passage 3 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） A cute, fuzzy toy called Labubu, with big teeth and pointy ears, has become a huge hit around the world! It’s made by Pop Mart, a Chinese toy company. This shows how Chinese companies are changing. In the past, China mostly made simple, cheap toys for foreign brands. Now, companies like Pop Mart are creating their own special characters and stories. People everywhere love Labubu not just as a toy, but for its unique design (设计) and feel. Young fans in big cities like New York, London, and Tokyo wait in long lines hoping to buy one. Other Chinese toy companies are also succeeding globally. TOP TOY has over 280 stores worldwide, and 52TOYS’ sales grew massively—by 300% in Thailand last year. Chinese video games like “Genshin Impact” and the “Black Myth: Wukong” are also very popular overseas. What Can We Learn? Good ideas and unique designs (like Labubu or cool games) are loved everywhere. Being creative is important! Things that got ideas from Chinese stories and styles can appeal to the whole world. Be proud of your culture! Making your own new things (like Pop Mart’s characters or the “Wukong” game) is better than just copying others. Labubu’s success teaches us that by using our imagination in school, believing in our own ideas and culture, and working hard to create original things, we can also make something amazing that people everywhere might love in the future. Keep learning and being creative! 36. What details about Labubu can we find in this passage? A. Its sale. B. Its appearance. C. Its owner. 37. Why does the writer say “Chinese companies are changing” in para. 2? A. Because they can make expensive toys now. B. Because they mostly make toys for foreign young fans. C. Because they can design and make their own characters. 38. Which picture can show the meaning of the underlined words grew massively? A. B. C. 39. What make Labubu and the companies successful? ① Creativity is Powerful. ② Sale strategies work. ③ Culture Matters. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③ 40. Why does the writer write this passage? A. To tell us how successful Labubu is. B. To tell us what we should learn and do. C. To tell us how much Chinese companies have changed. 主题03 人与社会——方法与策略 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） There are many things you can do to improve your memory, such as using different ways to memorize as well as taking special care of your health. It is important to exercise your brain often to make your memory work better. For example, you can try doing new activities or changing daily habits—learning a new skill helps your brain grow! When you need to memorize something, focus on (专注于) the main point. But don’t let other thoughts jump into your mind, or it will be hard to remember correctly. A great way to help memory is to try to imagine pictures in your mind, but keep it no more than ten of them. Taking notes and keeping diaries are also useful tools to help you remember things! Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are the keys to a good memory. Drinking enough water also helps keep your memory strong. Your brain needs enough sleep and good rest, too. When you sleep, your brain stores memories. Not enough sleep makes it hard to save information, but sleeping too long isn’t helpful. Also, being tired stops you from focusing well. Tea and coffee have caffeine, which helps fight sleepiness and improves focus. But some people think too much caffeine might hurt your memory. To focus on things better, you need to stay relaxed. In the end, staying fit and having health checks often are important—not just for better memory, but for your whole body! 41. What can you do to help your brain grow according to the passage? A. Learn a new skill. B. Eat less food. C. Sleep fewer hours. 42. Why is it important to focus on the main points when you are memorizing? A. To write longer notes. B. To draw more pictures. C. To stop other thoughts from getting in the way. 43. Which action is helpful for you if you want to improve your memory? A. Sleeping for over 12 hours. B. Taking notes while studying. C. Drinking a lot of coffee every day. 44. What do sleep and caffeine have in common according to the third paragraph? A. They both help people feel relaxed. B. They both help the brain store memories directly (直接地). C. They both help keep the brain working well. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Tips for brain exercise. B. Ways to improve memory. C. The importance of healthy habits. Passage 5 主题04 人与自然——动物 （2025八年级下·四川成都·期末） Fish babies in space? In a space study on a kind of fish called zebrafish, Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship on April 25, 2024. Since then, they have been living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had some babies in 43 days. In their special closed fish tank, the plants produced air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle. Such a closed ecosystem is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily. The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently compared to living on Earth. For example, they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. On Earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand how the human body reacts to space conditions. 46. What do we know about the space study? A. It lasted for less than one month. B. It’s a Chinese great achievement. C. The zebrafish gave birth to four babies in space. 47. Which picture should be in the circle in paragraph 3? A. B. C. 48. How was the zebrafish’s life in space? A. The zebrafish swam upside down. B. The zebrafish swam as the way on Earth. C. The zebrafish became stronger in space than on Earth. 49. Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space? A. They eat and live on water plants. B. They completely have the same genes as humans. C. They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Living in the Spaceship B. Raising Zebrafish in Space C. The human reactions in space conditions 主题02 人与社会——文化 Passage 6 （2025八年级下·四川南充·期末） Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places, including 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the world’s largest language resource library. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is protecting the dialect culture important? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. “Language truly shows the history and the beliefs of an area.” he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming shared his worries about the disappearing of dialects. “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak it. What’s more, young people over 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear.” he said. So how did China build this big library? “A big national effort (努力) has been put into the project to make it happen.” said Cao Zhiyun, the top expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital (数字化的) tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 51. What’s the Chinese Language Resources Protection mainly about? A. Teaching people how to speak Mandarin. B. Protecting local dialects. C. Helping people learn foreign languages. D. Building more universities. 52. Why are dialects important according to Harold Palmer in paragraph 3? A. Because they are easy to learn. B. Because they can be used in daily life. C. Because they store local cultures. D. Because they are a symbol of a country. 53. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? A. Building the big library. B. Joining in universities and research groups. C. Putting into a national effort. D. Getting help from the top expert. 54. What does the second part of the project mainly focus on? A. Collecting more dialects. B. Building more online libraries. C. Teaching people how to speak Mandarin. D. Creating digital tools to help people learn dialects. 55. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Language Competition B. Digital Tools in Language Learning C. China’s Efforts on Saving Dialects D. China’s New Technology to Record Dialects 主题05 人与社会——科学 Passage 7 （2025八年级下·四川南充·期末） Hi! I’m the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway. I’ve felt happy recently because a new high-speed railway now links (连接) the two cities. Do you want to know my story? I was born in 1909. The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou. He was a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railways without other countries’ help. So he built me, China’s first self-built railway. This was an important success at the time, as it showed China’s ability in engineering and technology. At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽). They were very slow. Their top speed was only 35 km/h. Then, the trains started to use diesel (柴油). Later, there were even better trains which used electricity (电). But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. The journey was long and tiring for passengers. In 2020, the new high-speed railway opened on December 30. I was so excited. It helped people travel much faster. The high-speed trains had a top speed of 350 km/h! It only took 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. This was a surprising improvement, which cut travel time by over 80%. The advanced safety systems, comfortable seats, and free Wi-Fi make the journey enjoyable for all passengers. During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the two host cities of the event, welcomed lots of people from around the world. The railway played an important role in transporting. I’m a little sad that I’m too old to keep working these days, but people will keep me as part of history. I’m also proud of all the changes China has made. Zhan Tianyou must be happy and proud too. 56. Which type of trains were used on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway after steam trains? A. Electric trains. B. Diesel trains. C. High-speed trains. D. Steam and diesel trains. 57. Why was the old Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway an important success? A. It was the longest railway in China. B. It was China’s first self-built railway. C. It had the fastest trains at that time. D. It used the best technology. 58. Which following has the same meaning as the underlined word “cut” in Paragraph 4? A. She cut her finger on a piece of glass. B. You’ve had your hair cut, and it looks great. C. Please cut the tomatoes in half. D. Buyers try to cut the cost of the house they want. 59. How does the railway feel about its role today? A. Angry about stopping working. B. Proud to still carry passengers. C. Happy to be part of history. D. Sad because it is slow. 60. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the history of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway. B. To explain the technology used in building railways. C. To describe the new high-speed railway. D. To compare different types of trains. 主题06 人与社会——人际关系 Passage 8 （2025八年级下·四川巴中·期末） Whether it’s fighting with brothers and sisters or being shouted at, family arguments aren’t nice. However, families arguing is common and finding ways to work it out is important. Psychologist (心理学家) Dr. Emma Morris says that most families argue sometimes. “It’s quite normal,” she explains. “You may argue more with your family than with other people because you feel safe to show your emotions, and they will still love you.” Parents and carers are often the ones who set rules, which can cause disagreements. Brothers and sisters might fight over what is fair. Sometimes adults argue too, which can be upset. Families argue for many reasons. Maybe it’s something small, like losing a game or feeling stressed about friendships or schoolwork. Adults might shout angrily because they’re worrying about a problem at work or a family member who gets ill. “Sometimes these pressures make us have more arguments than usual.” Dr Morris says. Hearing people you love get angry with each other can be difficult but there are ways to look after yourself. The mental health organization, Young Minds, suggests taking a break when an argument starts. You can leave the room or get out for some fresh air. When you come back, you may see things differently. Write your feelings in a diary to help you understand an argument or speak to someone you trust. Talking it through can make you feel better. “Like anything, it needs practice to be good at dealing with arguments,” Morris says. Remember, it is not your mistake if other people argue. If you find it upset and don’t know what to do, you can ask someone you trust for help. 61. What does Dr. Emma Morris say about arguing with family? A. It is a sign of a bad relationship. B. It should never happen in a family. C. It is normal and shows you feel safe. D. It means your family doesn’t love you. 62. Which is a possible reason of family arguments according to the passage? A. Not having enough toys. B. Watching too much TV. C. Playing many computer games. D. Worrying about school or work. 63. What do we know about stress and family arguments? A. Stress has no relation to family arguments. B. Stress helps families solve arguments faster. C. Stress makes families argue more than usual. D. Stress makes families argue less than usual. 64. What does Young Minds suggest people do first when meeting an argument? A. Shout back loudly. B. Stay in the room and listen. C. Take a break and leave. D. Join the argument quickly. 65. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. You should never talk about your feelings. B. It takes time to learn how to work arguments out. C. Children should always take no notice of arguments. D. Only adults need to work on dealing with arguments. 【Passage 9 （2025八年级下·四川泸州·期末） Some parents think children should play a lot in their childhood. However, some parents think children should learn more useful things. They teach their children to do chores by themselves early. What are chores? Chores are things we need to do every day like washing the dishes and sweeping the floor. Here are some benefits (益处) that helping out with chores will bring to children. First, doing chores teaches children life skills (技能). Children will need to do many hard things by themselves one day, so they should learn more life skills as early as possible. Doing chores like cooking, feeding pets and cleaning the house can help them become more independent and teach them how to solve problems. Second, doing chores helps children learn to respect (尊敬) others. If children are asked to clean up the house, they may know better about the mess they make. And they will respect others’ work more. Third, doing chores helps children be better at making plans and organizing their time. There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in. Children need to do their homework, do housework and make friends. Learning to do these well helps them know what the most important thing is and how to organize their time well. 66. How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1? A. By asking questions. B. By comparing ideas. C. By telling stories. D. By showing facts. 67. What are chores according to the passage? A. School subjects. B. Games that children play. C. Things to do every day. D. Activities for adults only. 68. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Children should give up some things if they are busy. B. Children need to put tasks in order and plan their time well. C. Children should ask for help when they have too many tasks. D. Children should clean their homes before doing other things. 69. Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1... ) A. ①-②③④ B. ①-②③-④ C. ①-②-③④ D. ①②-③-④ 70. What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A. To teach children how to do chores. B. To show why kids should respect others. C. To teach parents how to make plans for kids. D. To show parents how kids benefit from chores. 主题06 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 10 （2025八年级下·四川内江·期末） Plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is a main environmental problem. It stays in nature for hundreds of years, hurting animals, oceans, and the environment. Millions of animals are affected every year, and “plastic islands” in the oceans continue to grow. However, scientists have recently found a possible solution—some special plants and fungi (真菌) have the ability to “eat” plastic. In one experiment (实验), scientists put a plastic bottle with some fungi in a box. After several weeks, the fungi made special chemicals (化学物质) that broke down the plastic into small pieces. By the end of the experiment, most of the bottle was gone, leaving only safe things like water and air. This experiment shows the ability of fungi to help solve the problem of plastic pollution. Scientists also found other fungi and small living things in forests and mountains that can break down plastic. These small living things thrive in difficult environments, the large number of which makes them good at breaking down hard plastic. This finding could change how we deal with plastic. Our old ways like recycling (回收) cost too much and don’t work well enough. Using plants and fungi would be cheaper and better for the environment than factories. However, there are still problems. We need to grow enough of these plastic-eating fungi and make sure they don’t hurt nature at the same time. Besides, scientists must study more to make them work in natural environments. Even with these problems, the future is still hopeful. Special farms could be set up in oceans and polluted areas to grow these fungi and plants. This could work better because the number of them is big and they can break down plastic waste better and faster. If we can use these special fungi to “eat” plastic, we might solve the pollution problems and make the Earth cleaner. Scientists are still studying how we can use fungi to fight plastic pollution in the future. 71. What did the scientists find according to Paragraph 2? A. Fungi can break down plastic. B. Plastic pollution is hard to solve. C. People should use fungi instead of plastic. D. There are different kinds of plastic waste. 72. In which sentence does “thrive” have the same meaning as in Paragraph 3? A. The business began to thrive after making new products. B. Children thrive when they get enough love and care. C. The music festival thrives on creative performances. D. Some plants thrive in dry places with little water. 73. Why is using fungi better than traditional recycling method? A. Fungi can work in any environment easily. B. It is less expensive and more eco-friendly. C. Factories produce more pollution than fungi. D. Fungi can eat all types of plastic quickly. 74. What might the writer discuss next? A. Ways to make the Earth clean. B. Different experiments scientists did. C. The future use of plastic-eating fungi. D. Other ways to solve plastic pollution. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文 Passage 1 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A Passage 2 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B Passage 3 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C Passage 4 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. B Passage 5 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B Passage 1 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C Passage 2 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C Passage 3 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B Passage 4 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. B Passage 5 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. B Passage 6 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. C Passage 7 56. B 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A Passage 8 61. C 62. D 63. C 64. C 65. B Passage 9 66. B 67. C 68. B 69. A 70. D Passage 10 71. A 72. D 73. B 74. C 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $