精品解析：广东珠海市实验中学2025-2026学年第二学期高一年级5月学业质量调研英语试卷

2025-2026学年第二学期5月学业质量调研 高一 英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Television through Time Festival Put down the remote, shut off the streaming and don’t miss this year’s Television through Time Festival. With interactive exhibits and activities, Television through Time Festival is intended to honor the role of television in society and changes it has made to popular culture and personal memories over the past 75 years. It can bring people together and boost community interaction through a shared appreciation of classic TV shows and characters. Highlights From Mr. Ed to The Walking Dead, it has something for everyone. Visitors will share in the nostalgia (怀旧) for their favorite TV shows, artistically carved out of different materials, drawn on large boards or represented through other creative displays. Everyone can have a fun-filled time while “taking a break from all their troubles”, as there will be bands playing theme songs at the event accompanying the experience. Visitors are welcome to step into the shoes of their favorite TV character or someone played by their beloved actor. Event Pricing Television through Time Festival is open, rain or shine. NO refunds or rescheduling. See below for details about pricing, parking, and our membership policies. Dates Adult Children ages 2–12 Children 1 & under Friday, Saturday & Sunday $21 $18 FREE Monday — Thursday $18 $15 FREE RWPZoo Member Discount: For Television through Time Festival, members save $2 off per adult ticket and $1 per child ticket. 1. What is the aim of the festival? A. To share classic TV moments. B. To celebrate the deep impact of TV. C. To mark the long history of TV. D. To promote interactions through TV. 2. What can visitors do during the festival? A. Join an art exhibition. B. Make creative drawings. C. Meet television actors. D. Enjoy live (现场的) performances. 3. How much will a couple with RWPZoo membership pay for admission at weekends? A. $21. B. $32. C. $38. D. $42. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章围绕“穿越时光的电视节”展开，全面介绍活动核心信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Television through Time Festival部分“With interactive exhibits and activities, Television through Time Festival is intended to honor the role of television in society and changes it has made to popular culture and personal memories over the past 75 years. (通过互动式的展览和活动，“穿越时光的电视节”旨在表彰电视在社会中的作用，以及过去75年来它对流行文化和个人记忆所带来的改变)”可知，该节日的目的是颂扬电视带来的深远影响。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Highlights部分“Everyone can have a fun-filled time while “taking a break from all their troubles”, as there will be bands playing theme songs at the event accompanying the experience.(每个人都能度过一段充满乐趣的时光，“暂时摆脱所有烦恼”，因为活动现场会有乐队演奏主题曲)”可知，游客在节日期间可以欣赏现场表演。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Event Pricing部分表格中的内容可知：周末成人票每人21美元；根据最后一段的句子“RWPZoo Member Discount: For Television through Time Festival, members save $2 off per adult ticket and $1 per child ticket.(RWPZoo会员折扣：在“穿越时光的电视节”期间，会员购买成人票可优惠2美元，儿童票优惠1美元。)”可知，RWPZoo会员每张成人票可减2美元。一对会员夫妇的费用为(21-2)×2=38美元。故选C项。 B The quiet surface of Mares Pond is suddenly broken by a cry: “Found something!” A swimmer dives down and soon reappears, holding a beer can. It is passed to a kayaker, who raises it like a prize before placing it safely in a basket. On a cloudy summer morning, a team of 15 women, all over the age of 65, search the pond for trash. Working in water up to eight feet deep, they recover a surprising variety of objects, including wooden planks (木条) and even a mud-covered fishing rod (竿). Their most impressive find is a long piece of metal, which requires several people to lift onto a kayak. Despite the hard work, the women return to shore laughing and sharing jokes about their discoveries. They are members of Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG), a group founded in 2017 by Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. What began as a small effort has grown into a regular activity aimed at protecting local ponds. At first, to overcome the fear of dark water and hidden dangers, Baur focused on visible objects underwater. Over time, however, she realized that these “markers” were actually pieces of trash. Determined to make a change, she gathered friends to help clean them up. For many members, the activity is not only about environmental protection but also about rediscovering a sense of purpose. Baur believes that being over 65 can be “an age of gratitude,” when people appreciate both nature and their own abilities more deeply. She also hopes to challenge the idea that older women are limited by age. Although some people question the group’s name or suggest including younger members, OLAUG continues to emphasize the strength and value of older women. Through teamwork and determination, they prove that age does not prevent meaningful contribution. Instead, their efforts show that it is never too late to make a difference. 4. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To describe a scene where the team wins a prize. B. To explain how the team carefully carries out trash collection. C. To highlight the excitement of discovering unusual items underwater. D. To present a typical scene from the group’s cleaning activity. 5. Why did Susan Baur first use “markers” while swimming? A. To check the depth of the water in the pond. B. To search for something valuable in the water. C. To face the fear of the underwater environment. D. To show other people the right way in the water. 6. Which of the following best describes OLAUG? A. A group with environmental and social value. B. A business that makes money from recycling. C. A professional environmental protection group. D. A sports club for old women who like swimming. 7. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. People can use their professional skills to contribute to the nature. B. The elderly can still play an active and meaningful role in society. C. Taking part in outdoor activities improves physical and mental health. D. Environmental protection depends on individual efforts and awareness. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一支由65岁以上女性组成的“水下垃圾的老年女性反对者”团队，致力于清理池塘水中垃圾，她们通过团队合作与决心，证明了年龄不是阻碍，在保护环境的同时，也重新发现了自我价值与生活的意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The quiet surface of Mares Pond is suddenly broken by a cry: “Found something!” A swimmer dives down and soon reappears, holding a beer can. It is passed to a kayaker, who raises it like a prize before placing it safely in a basket.(马尔斯池塘平静的水面突然被一声喊叫打破：“发现东西了！”一名游泳者潜入水中，很快又浮出水面，手里拿着一个啤酒罐。它被传给了一个划皮艇的人，这个人像举奖品一样举起它，然后把它安全地放进篮子里。)”可知，第一段生动描写了团队成员发现垃圾、传递垃圾并将其放入篮子的过程。通过具体的动作描写，向读者展示了该团队清理垃圾活动的一个典型场景。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At first, to overcome the fear of dark water and hidden dangers, Baur focused on visible objects underwater.(起初，为了克服对黑暗水域和潜在危险的恐惧，Baur把注意力集中在水下的可见物体上面。)”可知，Susan Baur最初关注水下的“标记”（即可见物体），其目的是为了克服对水下环境的恐惧。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“a group founded in 2017 by Susan Baur... aimed at protecting local ponds.(2017年由Susan Baur创立的团体……旨在保护当地池塘)”以及第四段中“For many members, the activity is not only about environmental protection but also about rediscovering a sense of purpose.(对于许多成员来说，这项活动不仅关乎环境保护，也是为了重新找回目标感。)”可知，OLAUG既致力于环境保护，又帮助老年女性找回生活目标，具有环境和社会双重价值。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是最后一段中“Through teamwork and determination, they prove that age does not prevent meaningful contribution. Instead, their efforts show that it is never too late to make a difference.(通过团队合作和决心，她们证明了年龄并不能阻止做出有意义的贡献。相反，她们的努力表明，做出改变永远不晚。)”可知，这群老年女性并没有让年龄限制自己，而是积极参与环保行动，同时找回了自己的生活目标感，由此可推测，文章主要想要传达的信息是：老年人依然可以在社会中发挥积极且有意义的作用。 C When psychologists discuss boundaries (边界), they do not mean controlling others or avoiding relationship problems. Setting a boundary means changing your behavior according to your own rules. Such rules help express personal needs and build stronger connections with people, says therapist Nedra Glover Tawwab. To understand boundaries, consider a mother who often comments on her adult child’s weight. Asking her to stop is a request, not a boundary. Only when the request is ignored can a boundary be set. One effective approach, suggested by therapist KC Davis, involves refusing to internalize the other person’s opinion. “I don’t need to send her books; I don’t need to convince her that I’m healthy,” Davis explains. “I say ‘OK, Mom’ and move on.” Boundaries can also be expressed through clear statements — e.g., telling a disrespectful teenager, “I will not continue talking to someone abusing me” — or through silent actions, like not replying to an uncomfortable message. Setting boundaries strengthens relationships by drawing a line between one’s own needs and those of others, helping prevent emotional outbursts, says psychology professor Catherine A. Sanderson. In cases where the other person cannot meet one’s expectations, boundaries allow the relationship to remain satisfying. Davis recalls a friend who frequently failed to show up for planned meetings. Instead of trying to change her friend’s behavior, Davis stopped making frequent plans and adjusted her expectations, allowing their occasional visits to become genuinely enjoyable. Mental health experts identify three types of boundaries. Rigid boundaries involve avoiding close relationships and difficulty trusting others, while loose boundaries involve oversharing personal information, tolerating disrespect, and struggling to say no. Ideally, individuals should aim for healthy boundaries — valuing one’s own wants and needs, being open to close relationships when desired, and refusing when necessary. According to Tawwab, achieving balance and flexibility in boundary-setting is essential, as overly rigid or loose boundaries can damage relationships. 8. What does the second paragraph suggest about handling unwanted comments? A. The best response is to accept the other’s opinion. B. One should try to convince the other person to change. C. Making a request is usually the most effective first step. D. A boundary can be set without expecting the other to stop. 9. What can we learn from the story of Davis and her friend? A. Make more plans to test their reliability. B. Change hopes and stop pushing changes. C. End the friendship immediately if let down. D. Have a serious talk to change their behavior. 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of loose boundaries? A. Avoiding close relationships. B. Having difficulty trusting others. C. Finding it hard to refuse others. D. Valuing one’s own wants and needs. 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare different types of boundaries. B. To criticize the overuse of psychological terms. C. To explain the true meaning of setting boundaries. D. To encourage readers to avoid close relationships. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了心理边界的真正含义，指出设定边界是改变自身行为而非控制他人，并阐述了其具体做法、对人际关系的积极影响以及三种不同的边界类型。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“One effective approach, suggested by therapist KC Davis, involves refusing to internalize the other person’s opinion. “I don’t need to send her books; I don’t need to convince her that I’m healthy,” Davis explains. “I say ‘OK, Mom’ and move on.”(心理咨询师 KC・戴维斯提出了一个行之有效的办法：不要把他人的看法放在心上。她解释道：“我没必要给她寄书，也不必费尽口舌证明自己状态良好。我只需回一句‘好的，妈妈’，然后该做什么就做什么。”)”可知，面对不想要的评论，通过拒绝内化对方的观点、调整自己的心态和反应，可以在不强迫对方停止的情况下设定边界。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead of trying to change her friend’s behavior, Davis stopped making frequent plans and adjusted her expectations, allowing their occasional visits to become genuinely enjoyable.(戴维斯没有试图改变她朋友的行为，而是停止了制订频繁的计划并调整了她的期望，这使得她们偶尔的相聚变得真正令人愉快。)”可知，从戴维斯和她朋友的故事中我们可以学到，当对方无法满足期望时，应调整自己的希望，停止试图推动对方改变，从而维持关系。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“loose boundaries involve oversharing personal information, tolerating disrespect, and struggling to say no.(松散的边界包括过度分享个人信息、容忍不尊重以及难以说不。)”可知，松散边界的一个特征是觉得很难拒绝别人。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“ Setting a boundary means changing your behavior according to your own rules.(设定边界意味着根据你自己的规则改变你的行为。)”并结合文章对边界定义的澄清、具体做法及分类的介绍可知，文章的主要目的是解释设定边界的真正含义。 D We’ve all seen this happen in a science-fiction movie: The super heroes jump into a shaky spaceship and escape the bad guys by flying through the asteroid (小行星) belt, where huge rocks fall and spin (旋转) so close that the crew has to duck and dive to avoid being broken into pieces. It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. And when two space rocks go “crash” in the main belt, big impacts blow lots of asteroid fragments (碎片) out into space. In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as “families”, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. Studying asteroids by focusing on their families can help us make a good guess about what properties a newly-found one has if it belongs to a better-studied family. Care must be taken, though. Some very large asteroids have differentiated materials in the center and on the surface, so confirming those guesses usually requires taking spectra (光谱), the time-consuming process of breaking an object’s incoming light into individual colors to reveal its composition. It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. 12. What is the author’s view on the scene in the sci-fi movie? A. It ignores the special visual effects. B. It goes against the established facts. C. It overestimates the super heroes’ role. D. It fuels people’s interest in the asteroid. 13. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ineluctable” in paragraph 2? A. Unlikely. B. Uncommon. C. Unavoidable. D. Unimportant. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The formation of asteroid families. B. The definition of orbital elements. C. The moving pattern of asteroid fragments. D. The naming rule of asteroid groups. 15. What can be inferred about the study of asteroid family? A. It is a high-risk practice. B. It is built on assumptions. C. Its range needs to be expanded. D. Its value can’t be overstated. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕小行星展开介绍，讲述了科幻电影中的错误场景、小行星碰撞后产生碎片并形成小行星家族的过程以及研究小行星家族的意义。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another.(这很刺激，但这是错误的：在我们的太阳系中，你很有可能站在一颗小行星的表面而甚至看不到另一颗小行星。)”可知，作者指出电影中的场景虽然刺激，但与现实情况不符，电影情节违背了既定事实。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable.(然而，如果给它们足够的时间，它们确实会互动。即使在火星和木星轨道之间的小行星带，碰撞也是ineluctable。)”以及“when two space rocks go “crash” in the main belt(当两块太空岩石在主带中“撞击”时)”可知，小行星在长时间下会发生相互作用，并讲述了两块岩石撞击的情况，由此可推测出，碰撞应该是必然会发生的。ineluctable意为“不可避免的”，与unavoidable意思相近。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as “families”, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group.(在许多情况下，这些碎片与母小行星保持在大致相同的轨道上，尽管由于速度略有不同，它们会逐渐与母小行星分离。数千年后，一些碎片可能会完全在太阳对面，但它们与太阳的距离以及轨道的形状和方向仍然相似。这些保存下来的特征统称为小行星的轨道要素。共享轨道要素的组合被确定为“家族”，以该组合中最大的小行星命名。)”可知，本段主要讲述了小行星碰撞产生碎片，碎片因保留相似的轨道要素而形成“小行星家族”的过程，即小行星家族的形成。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s more than a mere academic exercise... we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids.(这不仅仅是单纯的学术练习……我们可以保卫我们的星球免受未来令人担忧的小行星的威胁。)”可知，对小行星家族的研究不仅具有学术意义，更重要的是它能帮助我们了解威胁地球的小行星的来源，从而保卫地球。由此推断，这项研究的价值极其重要。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever found yourself reciting your grocery list out loud in the supermarket or saying something encouraging to yourself before a big moment? If so, you are not alone. Talking to ourselves, either within our heads or out loud, is a common behavior. Psychologists refer to it as “self-talk,” a mental tool like a Swiss army knife. ____16____ Saying something out loud, whether it’s positive or negative, can make the thought that you’re expressing seem more official, or public, than if you merely think about it. ____17____ For them, working through a problem aloud helps them think more clearly and see how things fit together. Some people report using self-talk to help them calm down in periods of negative mental states. Research, for instance, has found that when people are anxious or stressed, they are more likely to engage in self-talk. ____18____ It is like giving yourself the support a friend would. ____19____ “I really do believe in the power of positive self-talk, at the gym, in the mirror, before a big meeting — all of that,” says Carol Bergman, 52. She does it before she works out with “Come on, you got this!” or with “You look great!” if she needs to hear some kind words about herself from time to time. In fact, we learn to talk to ourselves in childhood, where it is associated with better performance on tasks and challenging activities. ____20____ As adults, we may return to speaking out loud when mentally or emotionally challenged. In such moments, it serves as an extra tool to help us focus and think and solve problems. So talking to yourself is not being as strange as you think you are. A. However, we do it less as we grow older. B. Self-talk also helps people stay motivated. C. Here are some ways to put it into practice. D. It’s a superpower that we all naturally possess. E. It can be useful in many different situations in life. F. Speaking emotions aloud makes them manageable. G. Some people use self-talk to sort through a challenge. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍自我对话是常见行为，它在生活多场景有用，能助人理清问题、调节情绪、保持动力，随年龄增长会减少，并非怪异举动。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Psychologists refer to it as “self-talk,” a mental tool like a Swiss army knife.(心理学家将其称为“自我对话”，这是一种类似于瑞士军刀般的心理工具)”可知，前文将自我对话比作瑞士军刀，说明它实用多功能。E选项“它在生活中许多不同情境下都很有用”承接上文，点明其广泛用途，引出下文具体作用。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据后文“For them, working through a problem aloud helps them think more clearly and see how things fit together.(对他们而言，把问题说出来有助于他们更清晰地思考，并能更好地理解各个部分之间的关系)”可知，后文出现“For them”，表明前文应提到一类人。G选项“有些人用自我对话梳理难题” 与后文“大声解决问题能让思路更清晰”对应，逻辑连贯。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Some people report using self-talk to help them calm down in periods of negative mental states. Research, for instance, has found that when people are anxious or stressed, they are more likely to engage in self-talk.(有些人在情绪或精神面临挑战时会通过自我对话的方式来让自己平静下来。例如，研究发现，当人们感到焦虑或压力过大时，他们更有可能进行自我对话)”可知，本段围绕焦虑、压力等负面情绪展开，讲自我对话可平复情绪。F选项“把情绪说出来能让情绪变得可控”符合语境，并与后文“像朋友给自己支持”衔接。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据后文““I really do believe in the power of positive self-talk, at the gym, in the mirror, before a big meeting — all of that,” says Carol Bergman, 52. She does it before she works out with “Come on, you got this!” or with “You look great!” if she needs to hear some kind words about herself from time to time.(52 岁的卡罗尔·伯格曼说：“我确实深信积极的自我对话的力量，无论是健身时、对着镜子自省时，还是在参加重要会议之前——所有这些场合都是如此。”她会在锻炼前对自己说“加油，你能行！”或者“你看起来棒极了！”如果她时不时需要听到一些关于自己的赞美之词的话，她就会这样说)”可知，本段举例 “你可以的”“你很棒” 等积极话语，属于激励自己。B选项“自我对话也有助于保持动力”准确概括本段主旨，总领下文例子。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In fact, we learn to talk to ourselves in childhood, where it is associated with better performance on tasks and challenging activities.(事实上，在童年时期我们就已经学会了自我对话，而这种自我对话与在任务和具有挑战性的活动中表现更佳有着密切的关系)”以及后文“As adults, we may return to speaking out loud when mentally or emotionally challenged. In such moments, it serves as an extra tool to help us focus and think and solve problems. So talking to yourself is not being as strange as you think you are.(作为成年人，当我们精神或情绪处于低落状态时，可能会重新习惯于大声说话。在这样的时刻，自言自语就像是一个额外的工具，能帮助我们集中注意力、思考问题并解决问题。所以，自言自语并不像你想象的那样奇怪)”可知，前文讲童年时期常自我对话，后文说成年后遇到挑战又会重新使用。A选项“然而，随着年龄的增长，我们做这件事的频率会逐渐降低”承上启下，形成童年与成年的对比。故选A。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The girl in the lab coat was extracting DNA from a piece of lettuce (生菜). Beside her, a boy was adjusting his equipment. Outside the walls, their ___21___ worked hard under the sun, pulling lettuce from the earth while their kids ___22___ its genetic material. The overlap (重叠) was ___23___. In this 1-week summer camp, we aimed to show students that there is a(n) ___24___ from the agricultural work their communities have done for generations to STEM. The program aiming to help students from ___25___ families out was personal for me because I, too, grew up in an agricultural town where college wasn’t the ___26___ path — it was the exception. I know the feeling of sitting in classrooms preparing for ___27___, not leadership, and sensing some students will be ___28___ by universities and others not. I graduated from high school with a terrible 1.9 GPA, so community college was my only ___29___. My first year there was marked by a series of ___30___ and falling grades. But with instructors’ encouragement, I eventually ___31___. A decade and a half later, I had earned a master’s degree at Johns Hopkins University — the outcomes I could never have ___32___. Shortly after, I was even elected to ___33___ a STEM program for students from migratory farmworker families. Today, watching these students, I, as a tutor, still feel unbelievable given my ___34___ beginnings. I know how ___35___ that moment has changed me when someone finally sees in you what you could not yet see in yourself. 21. A. assistants B. parents C. tutors D. partners 22. A. preserved B. gathered C. studied D. sliced 23. A. intentional B. exceptional C. optional D. additional 24. A. tip B. proposal C. obstacle D. path 25. A. privileged B. disadvantaged C. wealthy D. educated 26. A. unique B. assumed C. sacred D. mysterious 27. A. fortune B. scholarship C. friendship D. labor 28. A. accepted B. questioned C. judged D. awarded 29. A. choice B. concern C. responsibility D. passion 30. A. victories B. tricks C. failures D. complaints 31. A. quit B. hesitated C. panicked D. transformed 32. A. expected B. admitted C. suspected D. deserved 33. A. look into B. compete in C. guide in D. subscribe to 34. A. glorious B. intense C. promising D. humble 35. A. severely B. slightly C. greatly D. temporarily 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者通过自身经历，阐述了帮助弱势家庭学生从农业工作过渡到STEM领域的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：在墙外，他们的父母在烈日下辛勤劳作，从地里拔出生菜，而他们的孩子却在研究它的遗传物质。A. assistants助手；B. parents父母；C. tutors导师；D. partners伙伴。根据前文“The girl in the lab coat was extracting DNA from a piece of lettuce (生菜). Beside her, a boy was adjusting his equipment. Outside the walls, their”和后文“worked hard under the sun, pulling lettuce from the earth while their kids”可知，穿着实验服的女孩正在从一片生菜中提取DNA。在她旁边，一个男孩正在调整他的设备。孩子却在研究它的遗传物质。在墙外劳作的是孩子们的父母。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：在墙外，他们的父母在烈日下辛勤劳作，从地里拔出生菜，而他们的孩子却在研究它的遗传物质。A. preserved保存；B. gathered聚集；C. studied研究；D. sliced切片。根据前文“The girl in the lab coat was extracting DNA from a piece of lettuce”和后文“its genetic material”可知，孩子们在研究生菜的遗传物质。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种重叠是有意为之的。A. intentional故意的；B. exceptional异常的；C. optional可选择的；D. additional额外的。根据后文“we aimed to show students”可知，这种场景对比是刻意设计的。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：在这个为期一周的夏令营中，我们的目标是向学生们展示，从他们社区几代人从事的农业工作到STEM领域存在着一条可行之路。A. tip建议；B. proposal提议；C. obstacle障碍；D. path道路。根据后文“from the agricultural work their communities have done for generations to STEM”可知，此处指农业劳作与理科学习之间是可以衔接互通的发展路径。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个旨在帮助弱势家庭学生脱困的项目，对我而言有着特殊意义，因为我同样在一座农业小镇长大。在那里，上大学并非人们理所当然的人生选择，而是特例。A. privileged有特权的；B. disadvantaged弱势的；C. wealthy富有的；D. educated受过教育的。根据后文“I, too, grew up in an agricultural town where college wasn’t the ______ path — it was the exception.”可知，作者也来自农业小镇，在那里上大学是例外，这类家庭经济和教育资源匮乏，属于“弱势家庭”，且与作者的成长背景相呼应。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个旨在帮助弱势家庭学生脱困的项目，对我而言有着特殊意义，因为我同样在一座农业小镇长大。在那里，上大学并非人们理所当然的人生选择，而是特例。A. unique独特的；B. assumed假定的，理所当然的；C. sacred神圣的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据后文“it was the exception”可知，在作者成长的环境中，上大学并不是人们“默认”或“理所当然”的人生路径。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：我明白坐在教室里只为劳作谋生、而非培养领导力的感受，并能察觉到有些学生会被大学录取，而另一些则不能。A. fortune财富；B. scholarship奖学金；C. friendship友谊；D. labor劳动。根据后文“not leadership”可知，此处与领导力相对，结合农业小镇的背景，指的是有些学生为劳动做准备，即从事农业工作。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：我明白坐在教室里只为劳作谋生、而非培养领导力的感受，并能察觉到有些学生会被大学录取，而另一些则不能。A. accepted接受；B. questioned质疑；C. judged判断；D. awarded奖励。根据后文“by universities and others not”可知，此处指一些学生会被大学录取，而另一些则不会。be accepted by“被……录取”。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：我以1.9的糟糕平均绩点从高中毕业，所以社区大学是我唯一的选择。A. choice选择；B. concern关心；C. responsibility责任；D. passion激情。根据上文“I graduated from high school with a terrible 1.9 GPA”可知，成绩差导致升学选择有限，社区大学是唯一可选出路。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：我在那里的第一年以一系列的失败和成绩下降为标志。A. victories胜利；B. tricks诡计；C. failures失败；D. complaints抱怨。根据后文“and falling grades”可知，作者第一年成绩下降，说明经历了很多失败。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：但在老师的鼓励下，我最终改变了。A. quit退出；B. hesitated犹豫；C. panicked恐慌；D. transformed转变。根据后文“A decade and a half later, I had earned a master’s degree at Johns Hopkins University”可知，前文写处境糟糕，作者最终取得了硕士学位。此处转折表示自我改变、不断进步。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：一年半后，我在约翰霍普金斯大学获得了硕士学位——这是我从未预期到的结果。A. expected预期；B. admitted承认；C. suspected怀疑；D. deserved应得。根据上文“I graduated from high school with a terrible 1.9 GPA”和“I had earned a master’s degree at Johns Hopkins University — the outcomes I could never have”可知，作者高中成绩糟糕，因此从未预期自己能取得硕士学位。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：不久之后，我甚至被选为指导一个针对流动农场工人家庭学生的STEM项目。A. look into调查；B. compete in参加比赛；C. guide in引导；D. subscribe to订阅。根据后文“a STEM program for students from migratory farmworker families”和“as a tutor”作者导师的身份可知，作者被选为指导一个针对流动农场工人家庭学生的STEM项目。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今天，看着这些学生，作为一名导师，考虑到我卑微的开端，我仍然感到难以置信。A. glorious光荣的；B. intense强烈的；C. promising有希望的；D. humble卑微的。根据上文“I, too, grew up in an agricultural town”、“I graduated from high school with a terrible 1.9 GPA”可知，作者出身普通农镇，学业曾一度陷入低谷，这样的成长背景属于“卑微的、平凡的”，与如今成为大学教师、指导 STEM 项目的身份形成对比。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：我知道当有人终于在你身上看到了你自己还看不到的东西时，那一刻是如何极大地改变了我。A. severely严重地；B. slightly轻微地；C. greatly极大地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据后文“that moment has changed me”结合全文可知，他人的认可与指引对作者人生产生了巨大影响，那一刻极大地改变了作者。 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With a fascinating past and more than four hundred years of history, St. Augustine is one of the nation’s oldest cities and a national treasure. Located on Florida’s Atlantic coast, it is home to many ____36____ (impress) examples of European architecture and wild scenic views. In 1513, an explorer found this land, ____37____ he called La Florida. Then, in 1565, a Spanish conqueror (征服者) built a ____38____ (settle) there, and named it St. Augustine. Apart ____39____ a 20-year period of English rule, Florida remained ruled by Spanish government until the United States took control in 1821. In the years after ____40____ (it) founding, St. Augustine was attacked by ____41____ range of people, the French, the English and the natives. They are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city’s defensive building, ____42____ (set) it on fire. So far, nature ____43____ (strike) the city with two hurricanes. Still, St. Augustine ____44____ (exist) now. After the city recovers, visitors shouldn’t overlook it. It has suffered much in history. Hopefully, visitors will come and perhaps support the coast recovery while discovering Florida’s _____45_____ (century) of history and miles of coastal beauty. 【答案】36. impressive 37. which 38. settlement 39. from 40. its 41. a 42. setting 43. has stricken##has struck 44. exists 45. centuries 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了美国历史名城圣奥古斯丁，讲述了其历史背景、建筑特色及历经的磨难。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它坐落在佛罗里达大西洋沿岸，拥有许多令人印象深刻的欧洲建筑典范和野生景观。此处修饰名词短语examples of European architecture，作定语，应用形容词形式，impress的形容词为impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1513年，一位探险家发现了这片土地，并将其称为拉佛罗里达。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是this land，关系词在从句中作called的宾语，指物，用which引导。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：随后，在1565年，一位西班牙征服者在那里建立了一个定居点，并将其命名为圣奥古斯丁。空前有不定冠词a修饰，作built的宾语，应用名词单数形式，settle的名词形式为settlement，意为“定居点”。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了20年的英国统治时期外，佛罗里达一直由西班牙政府统治，直到1821年美国接管。apart from为固定搭配，意为“除……之外”。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：在它建立后的岁月里，圣奥古斯丁遭到了各种人的攻击，有法国人、英国人、土著人。此处修饰动名词founding，作定语，指代“它的”（指圣奥古斯丁）建立，应用形容词性物主代词its。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。a range of为固定搭配，意为“一系列，各种各样的”。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说他们向城市的防御建筑发射了燃烧的箭，使其着火。句子谓语为are said，空处应用非谓语动词，放燃烧的箭导致建筑着火，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词setting作结果状语。 【43题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，大自然已经用两次飓风袭击了这座城市。根据时间状语So far（到目前为止）可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响；主语nature是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；strike的过去分词形式为stricken或struck。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管如此，圣奥古斯丁现在依然存在。根据时间状语now可知，描述现在的状态，应用一般现在时；主语St. Augustine是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式exists。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：希望游客们能来，或许在发现佛罗里达数个世纪的历史和数英里的海岸美景的同时，支持海岸的恢复。century是可数名词，此处被Florida’s修饰，且根据后文的“miles of coastal beauty”可知，此处指“数个世纪的历史”，应用复数形式centuries。 第三部分写作(共四节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 分析下列句子成分，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出正确选项。 46. Since she had no children of her own, / she / left / her savings / to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. A. 原因状从+主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 B. 时间状从+主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 C. 原因状从+主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 D. 时间状从+主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：因为她没有自己的孩子，她把积蓄留给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。句中“Since she had no children of her own”是since引导的原因状语从句，表示“因为”；主句中“she”作主语，“left”作谓语，“her savings”作直接宾语，“to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors”作间接宾语，属于“leave sth. to sb.”的双宾语结构。 47. She/greatly impressed/her American colleagues, /who invited her to stay. A. 主语+谓语+宾语+状从 B. 主语+谓语+宾语+定从 C. 主语+系动词+表语+定从 D. 主语+系动词+表语+状从 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来。She作主语，greatly impressed为副词修饰作谓语动词，her American colleagues作宾语，“who invited her to stay”是由who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“her American colleagues”。因此该句的结构为主语+谓语+宾语+定从。 48. To earn a living, / some / opened up / shops and restaurants / in Chinatown. A. 状语+主语+系动词+表语+状语 B. 状语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语 C. 定语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语 D. 定语+主语+系动词+表语+状语 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。句中“To earn a living”为动词不定式短语，表示目的，作目的状语；“some”为代词，作主语；“opened up”为实义动词短语，作谓语；“shops and restaurants”为名词短语，作宾语；“in Chinatown”为介词短语，表示地点，作地点状语。因此该句的句子结构为：状语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语。 49. The climate/is/mild/all year round, /meaning it is always a good time to visit. A. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语+定语 B. 主语+谓语+宾语+定语+状语 C. 主语+系动词+表语+定语+定语 D. 主语+系动词+表语+状语+状语 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这里一年四季气候温和，这意味着任何时候都是游览的好时机。句中The climate作主语；is为系动词；mild作表语；all year round作时间状语；meaning it is always a good time to visit为现在分词短语作状语。因此该句的结构为“主语+系动词+表语+状语+状语”。 50. They/also really/wish/to discover other planets/that are suitable enough to support life. A. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+宾补 B. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+同从 C. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+状从 D. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+定从 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们也真的希望发现其他足够适合支持生命存在的行星。分析句子结构可知，They作主语，also really作状语，wish作谓语，to discover other planets作宾语，that are suitable enough to support life是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词planets。句子结构是：主语+状语+谓语+宾语+定从。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 51. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the________(major) of girls, she chose to study medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】majority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学习医学。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“the majority of…”，意为“大多数……”，“major”意为“主要的”，形容词词性，“majority”意为“大多数”，为不可数名词。故填majority。 52. What a city —— a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that______ (occur) in 1906. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是一座多么伟大的城市，一座能够在1906年地震后重建的城市。空处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，根据时间状语in 1906可知事件发生在过去，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填occurred。 53. All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found, too, and there are Chinese tea stores, ____________ visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】句意：各种各样的传统中国草药也可以被找到；有许多中国茶馆，在那里游客可以品尝和购买各种中国茶。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese tea stores，空处在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。 54. These disasters made everyone sad and __________ (disappoint), but the desire to explore the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望从未熄灭。空前有并列连词and，and前面用形容词sad，故空处也应用形容词，遵循平行结构，结合语意可知，空处应填-ed结尾形容词作宾补修饰everyone，应用disappointed。 55. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planets’ ___________ (resource) are limited. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】resources 【解析】 【详解】句意：看着地球如同黑海中一座孤岛的影像，人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。空处作主语，需填名词，结合谓语are可知，主语使用复数形式resources。 第三节(共 2 小题;每小题 5 分，满分 10 分) 根据提示，用英语完成句子翻译。 56. 她更专注于患者护理工作，发表关于妇幼保健的医学研究，并培养下一代医生。(tend; publish; research) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 【解析】 【详解】该句陈述过去的事情，全句使用一般过去时。表示“她”为she作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“更专注于”为be more interested in，主语为单数，be动词用was，介词in后需接动名词作宾语；表示“患者护理工作”为tending patients，表示“发表关于妇幼保健的医学研究”为publishing medical research on care for women and children，表示“培养下一代医生”为training the next generation of doctors，三个动名词短语并列，最后一个动名词短语前使用and连接。 57. 其他的著名景点还有天后古庙、广东银行等，不胜枚举。游客亦可花上数小时，一探此地的中国味道与美景声色。(Tin How Temple; Bank of Canton; to name but a few) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few. Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句介绍景点概况，全句使用一般现在时；第一句中表示“其他的著名景点”为other famous sites作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“包括”为include作谓语，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形；表示“天后古庙”为the Tin How Temple、“广东银行”为Bank of Canton，并列作宾语，使用and连接，表示“不胜枚举”为固定短语to name but a few放在句末；表示“游客”为visitors作第二句主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“亦可”为情态动词can also，表示“花费”为spend，表示“数小时”为hours作宾语，表示“一探”为动词explore，根据固定结构“spend time doing sth.”可知，此处使用动名词exploring作宾语，表示“此地的中国味道与美景声色”对应the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China作宾语。 第四节 书面表达(共 1 小题，满分 20 分) 58. 假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节（Festive China）”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括： 1. 开设时间； 2. 课程内容； 3. 报名方式。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Michael, I’m Li Hua. Knowing your interest in Chinese culture, I’m happy to introduce an online course — “Festive China” in our school. It starts in mid-February and ends in late April. The course mainly focuses on traditional Chinese festivals. You’ll learn about the Lantern Festival with its colorful lanterns and riddle-guessing activities. The Qingming Festival’s tomb-sweeping traditions and the significance of respecting ancestors will be explained. And there are more festivals waiting for you to explore. To sign up, just visit our school’s website and fill in the registration form. Hope you’ll like it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍朋友Michael写封信，介绍学校要开设的“话说中国节（Festive China）”的线上课程的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：happy→elated 结束：end→conclude 主要地：mainly→chiefly 了解：learn about→gain insight into 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Knowing your interest in Chinese culture, I’m happy to introduce an online course — “Festive China” in our school. 拓展句：Knowing that you are interested in Chinese culture, I’m happy to introduce an online course — “Festive China” in our school. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing your interest in Chinese culture, I’m happy to introduce an online course — “Festive China” in our school. (运用了现在分词knowing作状语) [高分句型2] Hope you’ll like it. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第二学期5月学业质量调研 高一 英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Television through Time Festival Put down the remote, shut off the streaming and don’t miss this year’s Television through Time Festival. With interactive exhibits and activities, Television through Time Festival is intended to honor the role of television in society and changes it has made to popular culture and personal memories over the past 75 years. It can bring people together and boost community interaction through a shared appreciation of classic TV shows and characters. Highlights From Mr. Ed to The Walking Dead, it has something for everyone. Visitors will share in the nostalgia (怀旧) for their favorite TV shows, artistically carved out of different materials, drawn on large boards or represented through other creative displays. Everyone can have a fun-filled time while “taking a break from all their troubles”, as there will be bands playing theme songs at the event accompanying the experience. Visitors are welcome to step into the shoes of their favorite TV character or someone played by their beloved actor. Event Pricing Television through Time Festival is open, rain or shine. NO refunds or rescheduling. See below for details about pricing, parking, and our membership policies. Dates Adult Children ages 2–12 Children 1 & under Friday, Saturday & Sunday $21 $18 FREE Monday — Thursday $18 $15 FREE RWPZoo Member Discount: For Television through Time Festival, members save $2 off per adult ticket and $1 per child ticket. 1. What is the aim of the festival? A. To share classic TV moments. B. To celebrate the deep impact of TV. C. To mark the long history of TV. D. To promote interactions through TV. 2. What can visitors do during the festival? A. Join an art exhibition. B. Make creative drawings. C. Meet television actors. D. Enjoy live (现场的) performances. 3. How much will a couple with RWPZoo membership pay for admission at weekends? A. $21. B. $32. C. $38. D. $42. B The quiet surface of Mares Pond is suddenly broken by a cry: “Found something!” A swimmer dives down and soon reappears, holding a beer can. It is passed to a kayaker, who raises it like a prize before placing it safely in a basket. On a cloudy summer morning, a team of 15 women, all over the age of 65, search the pond for trash. Working in water up to eight feet deep, they recover a surprising variety of objects, including wooden planks (木条) and even a mud-covered fishing rod (竿). Their most impressive find is a long piece of metal, which requires several people to lift onto a kayak. Despite the hard work, the women return to shore laughing and sharing jokes about their discoveries. They are members of Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG), a group founded in 2017 by Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. What began as a small effort has grown into a regular activity aimed at protecting local ponds. At first, to overcome the fear of dark water and hidden dangers, Baur focused on visible objects underwater. Over time, however, she realized that these “markers” were actually pieces of trash. Determined to make a change, she gathered friends to help clean them up. For many members, the activity is not only about environmental protection but also about rediscovering a sense of purpose. Baur believes that being over 65 can be “an age of gratitude,” when people appreciate both nature and their own abilities more deeply. She also hopes to challenge the idea that older women are limited by age. Although some people question the group’s name or suggest including younger members, OLAUG continues to emphasize the strength and value of older women. Through teamwork and determination, they prove that age does not prevent meaningful contribution. Instead, their efforts show that it is never too late to make a difference. 4. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To describe a scene where the team wins a prize. B. To explain how the team carefully carries out trash collection. C. To highlight the excitement of discovering unusual items underwater. D. To present a typical scene from the group’s cleaning activity. 5. Why did Susan Baur first use “markers” while swimming? A. To check the depth of the water in the pond. B. To search for something valuable in the water. C. To face the fear of the underwater environment. D. To show other people the right way in the water. 6. Which of the following best describes OLAUG? A. A group with environmental and social value. B. A business that makes money from recycling. C. A professional environmental protection group. D. A sports club for old women who like swimming. 7. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. People can use their professional skills to contribute to the nature. B. The elderly can still play an active and meaningful role in society. C. Taking part in outdoor activities improves physical and mental health. D. Environmental protection depends on individual efforts and awareness. C When psychologists discuss boundaries (边界), they do not mean controlling others or avoiding relationship problems. Setting a boundary means changing your behavior according to your own rules. Such rules help express personal needs and build stronger connections with people, says therapist Nedra Glover Tawwab. To understand boundaries, consider a mother who often comments on her adult child’s weight. Asking her to stop is a request, not a boundary. Only when the request is ignored can a boundary be set. One effective approach, suggested by therapist KC Davis, involves refusing to internalize the other person’s opinion. “I don’t need to send her books; I don’t need to convince her that I’m healthy,” Davis explains. “I say ‘OK, Mom’ and move on.” Boundaries can also be expressed through clear statements — e.g., telling a disrespectful teenager, “I will not continue talking to someone abusing me” — or through silent actions, like not replying to an uncomfortable message. Setting boundaries strengthens relationships by drawing a line between one’s own needs and those of others, helping prevent emotional outbursts, says psychology professor Catherine A. Sanderson. In cases where the other person cannot meet one’s expectations, boundaries allow the relationship to remain satisfying. Davis recalls a friend who frequently failed to show up for planned meetings. Instead of trying to change her friend’s behavior, Davis stopped making frequent plans and adjusted her expectations, allowing their occasional visits to become genuinely enjoyable. Mental health experts identify three types of boundaries. Rigid boundaries involve avoiding close relationships and difficulty trusting others, while loose boundaries involve oversharing personal information, tolerating disrespect, and struggling to say no. Ideally, individuals should aim for healthy boundaries — valuing one’s own wants and needs, being open to close relationships when desired, and refusing when necessary. According to Tawwab, achieving balance and flexibility in boundary-setting is essential, as overly rigid or loose boundaries can damage relationships. 8. What does the second paragraph suggest about handling unwanted comments? A. The best response is to accept the other’s opinion. B. One should try to convince the other person to change. C. Making a request is usually the most effective first step. D. A boundary can be set without expecting the other to stop. 9. What can we learn from the story of Davis and her friend? A. Make more plans to test their reliability. B. Change hopes and stop pushing changes. C. End the friendship immediately if let down. D. Have a serious talk to change their behavior. 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of loose boundaries? A. Avoiding close relationships. B. Having difficulty trusting others. C. Finding it hard to refuse others. D. Valuing one’s own wants and needs. 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare different types of boundaries. B. To criticize the overuse of psychological terms. C. To explain the true meaning of setting boundaries. D. To encourage readers to avoid close relationships. D We’ve all seen this happen in a science-fiction movie: The super heroes jump into a shaky spaceship and escape the bad guys by flying through the asteroid (小行星) belt, where huge rocks fall and spin (旋转) so close that the crew has to duck and dive to avoid being broken into pieces. It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. And when two space rocks go “crash” in the main belt, big impacts blow lots of asteroid fragments (碎片) out into space. In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as “families”, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. Studying asteroids by focusing on their families can help us make a good guess about what properties a newly-found one has if it belongs to a better-studied family. Care must be taken, though. Some very large asteroids have differentiated materials in the center and on the surface, so confirming those guesses usually requires taking spectra (光谱), the time-consuming process of breaking an object’s incoming light into individual colors to reveal its composition. It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. 12. What is the author’s view on the scene in the sci-fi movie? A. It ignores the special visual effects. B. It goes against the established facts. C. It overestimates the super heroes’ role. D. It fuels people’s interest in the asteroid. 13. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ineluctable” in paragraph 2? A. Unlikely. B. Uncommon. C. Unavoidable. D. Unimportant. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The formation of asteroid families. B. The definition of orbital elements. C. The moving pattern of asteroid fragments. D. The naming rule of asteroid groups. 15. What can be inferred about the study of asteroid family? A. It is a high-risk practice. B. It is built on assumptions. C. Its range needs to be expanded. D. Its value can’t be overstated. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever found yourself reciting your grocery list out loud in the supermarket or saying something encouraging to yourself before a big moment? If so, you are not alone. Talking to ourselves, either within our heads or out loud, is a common behavior. Psychologists refer to it as “self-talk,” a mental tool like a Swiss army knife. ____16____ Saying something out loud, whether it’s positive or negative, can make the thought that you’re expressing seem more official, or public, than if you merely think about it. ____17____ For them, working through a problem aloud helps them think more clearly and see how things fit together. Some people report using self-talk to help them calm down in periods of negative mental states. Research, for instance, has found that when people are anxious or stressed, they are more likely to engage in self-talk. ____18____ It is like giving yourself the support a friend would. ____19____ “I really do believe in the power of positive self-talk, at the gym, in the mirror, before a big meeting — all of that,” says Carol Bergman, 52. She does it before she works out with “Come on, you got this!” or with “You look great!” if she needs to hear some kind words about herself from time to time. In fact, we learn to talk to ourselves in childhood, where it is associated with better performance on tasks and challenging activities. ____20____ As adults, we may return to speaking out loud when mentally or emotionally challenged. In such moments, it serves as an extra tool to help us focus and think and solve problems. So talking to yourself is not being as strange as you think you are. A. However, we do it less as we grow older. B. Self-talk also helps people stay motivated. C. Here are some ways to put it into practice. D. It’s a superpower that we all naturally possess. E. It can be useful in many different situations in life. F. Speaking emotions aloud makes them manageable. G. Some people use self-talk to sort through a challenge. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The girl in the lab coat was extracting DNA from a piece of lettuce (生菜). Beside her, a boy was adjusting his equipment. Outside the walls, their ___21___ worked hard under the sun, pulling lettuce from the earth while their kids ___22___ its genetic material. The overlap (重叠) was ___23___. In this 1-week summer camp, we aimed to show students that there is a(n) ___24___ from the agricultural work their communities have done for generations to STEM. The program aiming to help students from ___25___ families out was personal for me because I, too, grew up in an agricultural town where college wasn’t the ___26___ path — it was the exception. I know the feeling of sitting in classrooms preparing for ___27___, not leadership, and sensing some students will be ___28___ by universities and others not. I graduated from high school with a terrible 1.9 GPA, so community college was my only ___29___. My first year there was marked by a series of ___30___ and falling grades. But with instructors’ encouragement, I eventually ___31___. A decade and a half later, I had earned a master’s degree at Johns Hopkins University — the outcomes I could never have ___32___. Shortly after, I was even elected to ___33___ a STEM program for students from migratory farmworker families. Today, watching these students, I, as a tutor, still feel unbelievable given my ___34___ beginnings. I know how ___35___ that moment has changed me when someone finally sees in you what you could not yet see in yourself. 21. A. assistants B. parents C. tutors D. partners 22. A. preserved B. gathered C. studied D. sliced 23. A. intentional B. exceptional C. optional D. additional 24. A. tip B. proposal C. obstacle D. path 25. A. privileged B. disadvantaged C. wealthy D. educated 26. A. unique B. assumed C. sacred D. mysterious 27. A. fortune B. scholarship C. friendship D. labor 28. A. accepted B. questioned C. judged D. awarded 29. A. choice B. concern C. responsibility D. passion 30. A. victories B. tricks C. failures D. complaints 31. A. quit B. hesitated C. panicked D. transformed 32. A. expected B. admitted C. suspected D. deserved 33. A. look into B. compete in C. guide in D. subscribe to 34. A. glorious B. intense C. promising D. humble 35. A. severely B. slightly C. greatly D. temporarily 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With a fascinating past and more than four hundred years of history, St. Augustine is one of the nation’s oldest cities and a national treasure. Located on Florida’s Atlantic coast, it is home to many ____36____ (impress) examples of European architecture and wild scenic views. In 1513, an explorer found this land, ____37____ he called La Florida. Then, in 1565, a Spanish conqueror (征服者) built a ____38____ (settle) there, and named it St. Augustine. Apart ____39____ a 20-year period of English rule, Florida remained ruled by Spanish government until the United States took control in 1821. In the years after ____40____ (it) founding, St. Augustine was attacked by ____41____ range of people, the French, the English and the natives. They are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city’s defensive building, ____42____ (set) it on fire. So far, nature ____43____ (strike) the city with two hurricanes. Still, St. Augustine ____44____ (exist) now. After the city recovers, visitors shouldn’t overlook it. It has suffered much in history. Hopefully, visitors will come and perhaps support the coast recovery while discovering Florida’s _____45_____ (century) of history and miles of coastal beauty. 第三部分写作(共四节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 分析下列句子成分，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出正确选项。 46. Since she had no children of her own, / she / left / her savings / to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. A. 原因状从+主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 B. 时间状从+主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 C. 原因状从+主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 D. 时间状从+主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 47. She/greatly impressed/her American colleagues, /who invited her to stay. A. 主语+谓语+宾语+状从 B. 主语+谓语+宾语+定从 C. 主语+系动词+表语+定从 D. 主语+系动词+表语+状从 48. To earn a living, / some / opened up / shops and restaurants / in Chinatown. A. 状语+主语+系动词+表语+状语 B. 状语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语 C. 定语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语 D. 定语+主语+系动词+表语+状语 49. The climate/is/mild/all year round, /meaning it is always a good time to visit. A. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语+定语 B. 主语+谓语+宾语+定语+状语 C. 主语+系动词+表语+定语+定语 D. 主语+系动词+表语+状语+状语 50. They/also really/wish/to discover other planets/that are suitable enough to support life. A. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+宾补 B. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+同从 C. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+状从 D. 主语+状语+谓语+宾语+定从 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 51. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the________(major) of girls, she chose to study medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. What a city —— a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that______ (occur) in 1906. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found, too, and there are Chinese tea stores, ____________ visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea. (用适当的词填空) 54. These disasters made everyone sad and __________ (disappoint), but the desire to explore the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planets’ ___________ (resource) are limited. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节(共 2 小题;每小题 5 分，满分 10 分) 根据提示，用英语完成句子翻译。 56. 她更专注于患者护理工作，发表关于妇幼保健的医学研究，并培养下一代医生。(tend; publish; research) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________ 57. 其他的著名景点还有天后古庙、广东银行等，不胜枚举。游客亦可花上数小时，一探此地的中国味道与美景声色。(Tin How Temple; Bank of Canton; to name but a few) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________ 第四节 书面表达(共 1 小题，满分 20 分) 58. 假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节（Festive China）”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括： 1. 开设时间； 2. 课程内容； 3. 报名方式。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $