命题大赛 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐2025-2026学年高二年级英语第二学期期末阅读理解D篇七选五和完形填空试题(人教版选必四)

**基本信息** 聚焦科技影响、健康生活、个人成长等时代话题，通过原创语篇考查语言理解与思维能力，素材贴近现实且具教育意义。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（第一节）|4题/10分|词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意|选取AI认知研究素材，考查批判性思维与信息筛选能力| |阅读理解（第二节）|5题/12.5分|语篇结构与衔接|以苹果健康益处为主题，注重上下文逻辑与信息匹配| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇辨析、上下文逻辑|通过书店创业故事，渗透情感态度价值观，考查语境中语言运用|

阅读理解D篇答案及解析 32. B（词义猜测题）—— 根据上下文对比，AI组给出的是"generic, obvious"的建议，而传统搜索组则关注"various pillars of wellness"，可见nuanced应表示"细致入微的"。 33. B（推理判断题）—— MIT研究显示ChatGPT用户大脑活动最低，且83%无法回忆所写内容，可推断他们在写作过程中参与度较低。 34. A（推理判断题）—— 最后一段引用研究者的话"If you don't remember what you wrote, you don't feel ownership"，点明了对记忆力和主人翁意识的担忧。 35. C（主旨大意题）—— 全文围绕AI工具对认知能力的潜在负面影响展开，C项最能概括主旨。 七选五答案与解析（题号36-40）ECFGD 36.E 段中（承上启下）上文总说苹果"packed with health benefits"，下文分述三大益处。E项"three major ways"总领全文，"contribute to your well-being"同义替换"health benefits"。 37.C 段中（递进衔接）上文讲纤维喂养肠道细菌（prebiotic作用），C项"In addition"递进，引出苹果本身也含细菌（probiotic作用），与下文"acting like a probiotic in addition to acting like a prebiotic"完美呼应。"a host of"同义替换"many"。 38.F 段末（对比总结）上文给出苹果组数据，F项"Meanwhile"对比引出西梅组数据，"much smaller reductions"同义概括前文3.5%和8%的降幅，形成鲜明对照。 39.G 段中（例证衔接）上文介绍研究规模，G项"The study found..."给出具体发现，"heavy apple consumers"同义替换"eating more than two apples a day"，"lung disease"同义替换"C.O.P.D."，与下文"benefits"呼应。 40.D 主旨句（段首）下文讲深色苹果多酚更丰富，但更重要是吃不同品种。D项"various forms"同义替换"different apple varieties"，"recommend"对应专家观点，统领全段建议。 干扰项排除说明：A：看似与细菌话题相关，但37题上下文强调的是苹果同时具备两种作用，而非与其他水果比较。B："findings"过于笼统，39题需要具体研究发现而非笼统的鼓励意义。 完形填空答案与解析（题号41--55） BBACB BCACB BBACB 41. B "got me thinking about",让我思考......。 42. B 被现实所掩埋"got buried in the reality of life"。 43. A 固定搭配。by profession 意为"就职业而言"，为固定短语。 44. C resurfaced（重新浮现），withdraw（撤回）、extend（延伸）、negotiate（协商）均不符合语境。 45. B realise（意识到）强调认知上的突然领悟，符合"看到朋友患癌后猛然醒悟"的语境。 46. B 支持性的。 47. C haven（避风港），与后文"tough week"形成对比，体现为员工提供心灵慰藉之所。 48. A。放松的地方 49. C第四段原词 "absolutely refilled my soul"。 50. B 逻辑关系。unfortunately（不幸地），前后文"unstable"与"challenging"为并列负面描述，表顺承递进关系。 51. B 遗忘了。 52. B 词义辨析。running（经营），强调日常管理运作；opening/starting仅指开办，building指建造。 53. A 固定搭配。attend a course 为固定搭配"上课"；join后接组织，take part in/participate in后接活动且需加in。 54. C 词义辨析。invested（投资），与"money"搭配表示理财投入，符合"用母亲留下的钱投资开店"的语境。 55. B 固定搭配。have...in common（有共同之处），末段原词，为固定短语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Sheet1 英语阅读理解命题双向细目表 文本主题：过度依赖人工智能的隐性认知弊端 题型：阅读理解单项选择 | 题量：4 题 | 体裁：说明文 题号 考查知识点 / 能力维度 考点细分 难度 对应文本位置 答题依据 32 词义猜测 熟词生义 / 语境词义辨析（nuanced） 中等 第一段后半部分 利用In contrast对比逻辑，区分 AI 建议（generic, obvious）与传统搜索建议的差异，推断词义为 “细致、精妙的” 33 推理判断 细节推理、逻辑理解 中等 第二段全段 根据实验：AI 组大脑活跃度最低、写完无法回忆内容，推断学生写作参与度低 34 细节理解 主旨细节、观点提炼 易 最后一段 + 第二段实验结果 抓取结尾研究者观点：记不住内容、丧失内容归属感 35 主旨大意 标题归纳、文章主旨把握 中等 全文 七选五阅读理解 命题双向细目表 文本主题：苹果的多种健康益处 题型：七选五 | 题量：5 题 | 体裁：说明文 题号 考查能力 / 知识点 考点细分 难度 对应文本位置 答题依据 36 篇章结构理解、主旨过渡 段落总起句、上下文衔接（引出下文分述） 易 首段末尾 + 下文三大益处段落 后文依次介绍苹果对肠道、心脏、抗炎的好处，E 项总起 “苹果有益健康的三大方面”，起到承上启下作用 37 句间逻辑衔接、细节呼应 并列逻辑、词汇复现（bacteria） 中等 第二段中部 前文讲苹果膳食纤维滋养肠道菌群，后文提到苹果如同益生菌，C 项 “苹果本身含有大量有益菌” 承接前后菌群相关内容 38 细节对比、逻辑顺承 实验数据对比、例证衔接 中等 第三段实验数据后 前文对比吃苹果女性的胆固醇下降数据，F 项 “吃西梅的女性降幅小” 形成对照组对比，贴合实验内容 39 语篇衔接、实验结论匹配 研究结果转述、上下文呼应 中等 第四段研究介绍后 前文提及一项长期人群研究，G 项直接说明该研究发现：常吃苹果者肺病风险更低，承接研究内容 40 段落主旨归纳、结尾总结 段落主题句、观点提炼 中等 最后一段 完形填空 命题双向细目表 文本主题：主人公放弃护士职业、开办美食书店的心路历程与生活感悟 题型：完形填空 | 题量：15 题 | 体裁：记叙文 考查范围：动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词、固定搭配、语境语义、逻辑关系 题号 考查知识点 / 能力维度 考点细分 难度 答题依据 易错点分析 41 动词辨析 + 语境理解 动词词义辨析、固定搭配 get sb. thinking 易 语境：参观书店后开始思考开书店的想法 易误选 A (talking)，脱离上下文语义 42 动词辨析 + 短语搭配 动词词义、be buried in 固定表达（梦想被现实掩埋） 中等 后文房贷、家庭、学业、全职工作等现实压力，梦想被搁置 混淆 lost/hidden/covered，无法区分 “被现实埋没” 的语义 43 介词辨析 身份介词搭配 work as（担任…… 职位） 易 固定用法：work as a senior nurse 担任资深护士 误用 in/on/of，混淆职业介词搭配 44 动词辨析 动词词义辨析（消失 / 延伸 / 重现 / 协商） 中等 前文梦想被现实搁置，十年后梦想再度浮现 易选 A (withdrew)，混淆 “退缩” 与 “重现” 词义 45 动词辨析 动词词义辨析（意识到、认清） 中等 目睹亲友患病，让她意识到该改变生活 区分 realize 与 recognize/understand 的语境用法 46 形容词辨析 形容词词义辨析 + 上下文逻辑 中等 书店开在医院对面，想为医护人员提供支持 误选 hopeful/merciful，语义不符场景 47 名词辨析 名词词义辨析（港湾、平台、站点） 中等 打造一处可供放松休憩的心灵港湾 望文生义选 platform/station，不理解 haven 引申义 48 动词辨析 动词词义 + 生活语境 易 辛苦工作一周后，用书来放松 误选 play/study，脱离医护人员疲惫的语境 49 动词辨析 动词词义辨析 + 语义呼应 中等 开店治愈内心、充实灵魂，修复精神状态 混淆 repaired/recovered，不区分主语搭配 50 副词辨析 副词辨析 + 行文逻辑 中等 长期护士工作，渐渐变得举步维艰 误选 unfortunately，逻辑衔接判断失误 51 动词辨析 动词词义辨析 中等 高压工作下，几乎忘记人性的美好 混淆 ignored/forgotten 词义与用法 52 动名词辨析 动词词义辨析（经营、开办） 较难 经营书店远不止热爱书籍这么简单 区分 open/run/start，混淆 “开办” 与 “长期经营” 53 动词 / 短语辨析 动词搭配（上课、参加课程） 中等 固定搭配 attend a course 上课 误用 join/take part in，混淆 “参加课程 / 活动 / 组织” 54 动词辨析 动词词义辨析（投资、花费） 中等 将母亲留下的钱投入书店运营 区分 spend/invest，分不清 “消费” 与 “投资” 55 固定短语辨析 介词短语固定搭配 易 大家共同热爱 $ 命卷范围：人教版（2019）选择性必修四 试卷类型：期末 原创试题 D Last spring, Shiri Melumad, a professor at the Wharton School, conducted a writing experiment with 250 participants. They were asked to share advice with a friend on how to lead a healthier lifestyle. Some used traditional Google searches, while others relied solely on AI-generated summaries. The results were striking: those using AI produced generic, obvious advice—eat healthy foods, stay hydrated and get lots of sleep. In contrast, participants who conducted traditional searches offered more nuanced guidance, addressing the various pillars of wellness, including physical, mental and emotional health. A more recent study from MIT further revealed the cognitive cost of over-relying on AI tools. Researchers divided 54 college students into three groups to write essays: one using ChatGPT, one using Google search, and one working independently. Brain sensors measured their neural activity throughout the task. Not surprisingly, ChatGPT users showed the lowest brain activity, essentially letting the AI do the work. But the most alarming finding emerged afterward: one minute after completing their essays, 83 percent of ChatGPT users could not recall a single sentence they had written. By comparison, Google users could quote some parts, while those who worked independently could recite much of their content verbatim. These findings have sparked serious concerns about whether AI could stifle people's learning abilities. As one researcher noted, "If you don't remember what you wrote, you don't feel ownership." 32. What does the underlined word "nuanced" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Simple and direct. B. Detailed and subtle. C. Common and practical. D. Brief and general. 33. What can we infer from the MIT study? A. Google search is more efficient than ChatGPT for academic writing. B. Students using AI tools tend to be less engaged in the writing process. C. Brain sensors are essential tools for measuring learning outcomes. D. Independent writers always produce higher-quality essays than AI users. 34. What is the researchers' main concern about AI tools based on the passage? A. They may weaken users' sense of ownership and memory retention. B. They will eventually replace traditional search engines completely. C. They cause more mental stress than traditional writing methods. D. They are too complicated for most college students to operate. 35. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Rapid Development of AI Writing Tools B. How to Use AI Properly in Academic Research C. The Hidden Cognitive Cost of Over-Reliance on AI D. Comparing Traditional and AI-Assisted Writing Methods 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 "An apple a day" might seem like overkill, but America's most popular fruit — currently weighing down branches in orchards everywhere — is packed with health benefits. Here's what nutrition experts have to say about apples. 36.___________.　 They're good for your gut. Apples are rich in dietary fiber, a type of complex carbohydrate（碳水化合物） that our body isn't capable of digesting on its own. That fiber acts as food for many of the bacteria species that reside in our guts. These bacteria have a powerful impact on our health, affecting everything from cancer risk to mood. 37.______. When you eat an apple, some of those bacteria may become part of your microbiome. The apple is "acting like a probiotic （益生菌）in addition to acting like a prebiotic," Dr. van der Merwe explained. They're heart healthy. Apples have high amounts of pectin, a dietary fiber that can help you maintain healthy cholesterol levels. In a 2012 study, 160 women ate either 75 grams of dried apples or prunes every day for one year. After six months, the women who consumed apples experienced a 13 percent drop in their total cholesterol and a 24 percent drop in "bad" LDL cholesterol. 38.____.Apples are also one of the biggest dietary sources of polyphenols（多元酚）. Certain polyphenols, called flavonoids, are particularly good at stimulating the production of nitric oxide, causing blood vessels to dilate. They can reduce chronic inflammation. Polyphenols in apples can reduce inflammation — and, in turn, possibly help reduce disease risk. Researchers published a study in August that analyzed health data from more than 119,000 people collected over nearly 20 years. 39.______."We saw benefits even at just half a serving a day," said Aedin Cassidy, the chair of nutrition and preventive medicine at Queen's University Belfast.　　 40._____. In general, a darker color apple will have a richer variety of polyphenols, Dr. van der Merwe said. But more important than selecting the deepest red apple is eating different apple varieties, so you can absorb as many different polyphenols as possible, she said. A. Not all fruits provide the same bacterial benefits. B. The findings may encourage more people to eat apples regularly. C. In addition, apples themselves contain a host of beneficial bacteria. D. This is why experts recommend consuming apples in various forms. E. The following are three major ways apples contribute to your well-being. F. Meanwhile, the women who ate prunes saw much smaller reductions. G. The study found that heavy apple consumers had a considerably lower risk of lung disease. 第三部分 语言运用（共二节, 满分30分） 第1节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was visiting Books for Cooks in London in 2012 that first got me 41 about how working among books would be a great way to spend my day. Then I got back home to Wellington with the idea of opening a cookery bookshop and saw there already was one in Petone. My dream got 42 in the reality of life, with a sizeable mortgage, a husband and two young boys, and studying for a master's degree as well as working full-time 43 a senior nurse. Ten years passed and the dream 44 . Career burnout had something to do with it. As well, seeing friends with cancer made me 45 it was time to do something different and find my creative self, to live the life I wanted now. My shop had to be across from Wellington Hospital. I wanted to do something 46 of hospital staff, to create a 47 where they could pop in to explore, or pick up a book for the weekend to 48 with after a tough week at the clinical coalface. Then, at the end of 2024, Another Chapter Bookshop was born. Opening the shop has absolutely 49 my soul and restored my faith in people. So many friends and co-workers helped out. My work-life balance was unstable and 50 things had become so challenging as a senior nurse that I'd 51 how nice people can be. Friends who knew me before I opened Another Chapter Bookshop often tell me how well I look now. But there's a lot more to 52 a bookshop than a love of books. Every Wednesday night I 53 a small business course. I have also 54 some money my mother left me. Now, what comforts me most is that every day I meet interesting people and have time to listen to their stories. The shop is opposite the hospital, so it's not surprising their stories are sad, happy, tragic and also hopeful. What we have 55 is a shared love of books and reading — a magical place that all of us can access. 41.A.talking B.thinking C.writing D.complaining 42.A.lost B.buried C.hidden D.covered 43.A.by B.in C.on D.of 44.A.withdrew B.extended C.resurfaced D.negotiated 45.A.recognize B.realize C.understand D.remember 46.A.careful B.supportive C.hopeful D.merciful 47.A.station B.platform C.haven D.directory 48.A.relax B. play C.work D.study 49.A.repaired B.filled C.refilled D.recovered 50.A.hopefully B.unfortunately C.surprisingly D.gradually 51.A.ignored B.forgotten C.deserted D.abandoned 52.opening B.running C.starting D.building 53.A.attend B.join C.take part in D.participate 54.A.spent B.cost C.invested D.paid 55.in general B.in common C.in hand D.in particular 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $