Unit6 Crossing cultures Section B Vocabulary in Use (2a-2d)课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件围绕“Crossing cultures”主题，聚焦否定前缀un-/in-/im-的构成与应用、-ed/-ing形容词辨析及筷子礼仪文化，通过“Say the opposites”活动导入，结合分类讲解、填空练习搭建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，否定前缀练习提升语言理解表达，筷子礼仪文本渗透跨文化认知，对话填空对比形容词培养思维品质。多样化练习助学生提升语言应用与文化素养，为教师提供系统教学流程和实用素材。

Crossing cultures UNIT 6 SectionB 2a-2d 学习目标 1 2 3 能够掌握否定前缀 un-/in-/im- 的含义，正确构成形容词的否定形式；并能在句子语境中判断是否使用否定前缀。 能够辨析 -ed /-ing 形容词的用法差异，并在对话语境中正确选用。 能理解筷子礼仪相关文本内容，掌握文中的餐桌礼仪常识与文化内涵。 Let’s say eg. happy -unhappy important direct possible friendly healthy unimportant indirect impossible unfriendly unhealthy Say the opposites. What do “un- / in- / im-” mean? Do they have any differences in how we use them? 学生快速说出其否定形式，初步感知否定前缀。 回答完后，可鼓励学生说出更多类似的反义词组。 Let’s learn 否定前缀 un- / im- / in- , 三者均为否定前缀，加在词基前表示“不、非、无”的含义 1. un- 的用法 适用词基的类型:加在形容词前, 直接否定属性或状态。加在动词前, 表示 “逆转、取消原动作”; 加在名词前：表示 “否定状态或相反事物”。 接形容词：happy → unhappy（不开心的）、、fair → unfair（不公平的） healthy → unhealthy（不健康的） 接动词：do → undo（撤销）、cover → uncover（揭开）、 lock → unlock（解锁） 接名词：rest → unrest（动荡）、employment → unemployment（失业） 2. im- 的用法 适用词基类型：仅接以唇音字母 m / p 开头的形容词或名词。 接m开头词基：moral → immoral（不道德的）、mature → immature（不成熟的） 接p开头词基：possible → impossible（不可能的）、patient → impatient（不耐烦的）、polite → impolite（不礼貌的） 3. in- 的用法 适用词基类型：接以非 m / p 开头的形容词或名词，是 im- 的基础形式。 常见搭配：direct → indirect（间接的）、dependent → independent（独立的）、finite → infinite（无限的）、 justice → injustice（不公） safe formal proper possible friendly direct tidy healthy perfect important common correct un-: unsafe, ... in-/im-: informal, improper, … unfriendly, untidy, unhealthy, unimportant,  uncommon indirect, incorrect, impossible,  imperfect Write down the negative forms of the adjectives in the box using un- or in- / im-. 1.Saying “hi” is an ________ way to greet others. (formal) 2.It is ________ to point at people in many countries. (polite) 3.The host is certainly _______ when you enjoy yourself at their party. (happy) 4.People usually dress in formal clothes when visiting some public places such as concert halls. It is ________ to wear shorts, short skirts, or jeans there.(proper) 5.In some cultures, it is OK to be late sometimes. People are ________ even if their meetings don’t start on time. (patient) informal impolite happy improper patient Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the adjectives in brackets. 2b point at 指着离说话人比较近的人或者物 point to 指着离说话人比较远的人或者物 Look at the compound words in the box. Do you know what they mean? Complete the sentences using five of these words. 1. A: Did you understand the rules? I found them confused / confusing. B: I was confused / confusing at first too, but Mr Thompson explained them to me. 2. A: Isn’t it excited / exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? B: Yes! I’m so excited / exciting, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. 3. A: Sally was a little embarrassed / embarrassing just now. She wished her friend happy birthday on the wrong date. B: Oh no! That can be embarrassed / embarrassing. 2c explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事 marry sb. 嫁给某人 / 和某人结婚 can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 congratulate sb. (on sth.) （因某事）恭贺某人 1. Isn’t it exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? 詹姆斯下个月要和詹妮弗结婚了，难道不令人兴奋吗？ marry sb. 嫁给某人 / 和某人结婚 e.g. She married a doctor.她嫁给了一位医生。 get married 结婚（强调动作） get married to sb. 和某人结婚 be married已婚的（强调状态） e.g. They got married last year.他们去年结婚了。 She got married to a teacher.她嫁给了一位老师。 He is married to a famous singer.他和一位著名歌手结婚了。 Language points can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 e.g. I can’t wait to read this science fiction.我迫不及待地想看这本科幻小说。 2. I’m so excited, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. 我太兴奋了，都等不及要去祝贺他们了。 congratulate v. 祝贺 congratulate sb. 祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 e.g. She congratulated me on passing the exam.她祝贺我通过了考试。 congratulation n. 祝贺（常用复数） congratulations to sb. on sth. 在某方面祝贺某人 e.g. Congratulations to you on passing the exam.祝贺你通过了考试。 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. normal last manner proper challenge In many Asian countries, it is ________ for people to eat with chopsticks. There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks _________. Firstly, don’t stick your chopsticks into food. That is very bad ________. Secondly, don’t pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks.Thirdly, don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them about when you talk. _______, hold your chopsticks correctly. Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little __________. The key thing is to keep trying. With plenty of practice, anyone can learn to use chopsticks well! normal properly manners Lastly challenging it is +adj. + to do sth. 副词修饰动词 impolite be a little+adj. 2d 3. In many Asian countries, it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. 在许多亚洲国家，人们用筷子吃饭是很正常的事。 Asian adj.亚洲的 n.亚洲人 Tip: Asian的发音以元音音素开头，其前的不定冠词要用an。 (1)【形容词】亚洲（人）的 e.g. How is the Asian foot type different from westerners？ 亚洲人的脚型和西方人的有什么不同？ (2)【可数名词】亚洲人 e.g. I saw two Asians at school yesterday. 我昨天在学校看见了两个亚洲人。 拓展：(1) Asia【名词】亚洲 e.g. China is in Asia. 中国位于亚洲。 （2）其他相关词汇：Europe 欧洲→European 欧洲人；欧洲（人）的 Africa 非洲 → African 非洲人；非洲（人）的 America 美洲 → American 美洲人；美洲（人） 练习： China is _____ Asian country,while France is _____ European country. A. an;a B. a;an C. an;an D. a;a A Language points 4. There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks properly. 关于如何恰当地使用筷子，有许多规则和传统。 tradition n. 传统 by tradition, … 按照传统 a/the tradition of... ······的传统 e.g. The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago. 饮茶的传统几千年前始于中国。（湖州中考） 拓展：tradition n.传统 → traditional → adj.传统的 → traditionally adv.传统上 e.g. Wang Hui often shares traditional Chinese culture with Steve online. 王辉经常在网上与史蒂夫分享中国传统文化。（2025广安中考） People traditionally eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 传统上，人们在中秋节吃月饼。 By tradition, the bride wears white. 按照传统，新娘穿白色礼服。 5. Lastly, hold your chopsticks correctly. 最后，要正确地拿筷子。 correctly adv. 正确地；得体地 由“correct (adj.正确的；得体的）+ -ly（后缀）”构成。 e.g. AI can make a better world if we use it correctly. 如果我们正确使用，人工智能能让世界变得更美好。(2025白银中考) 拓展：correct的含义和用法： 【形容词】正确的；恰当的 e.g. When you hold your pen in the correct way, writing is much easier. 当你以正确的方式握笔时，书写就容易多了。 【及物动词】纠正；批改 e.g. It's necessary to correct his mistakes. 有必要纠正他的错误。 He's been correcting the kids' homework for hours. 他已经批改孩子们的家庭作业好几个小时了。 练习：You must use the machine __________ (correct) to avoid accidents. correctly 1. He ___________ (receive) his driving licence at the age of 16. 2. When you meet someone for the first time, make a good ___________ (impress) by smiling. 3. —Why is it so noisy on the fifth floor? —Oh, the students in Class Two ______________ (cheer) for their favourite team. 4. You need to spell the words ___________ (correct) in the English exam. 一. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 received impression are cheering correctly Exercise 5. We usually wear __________ (formal) clothes like T-shirts and jeans at weekends. 6. It’s __________ (safe) to swim in this river because there are strong undercurrents. 7. It’s ___________ (proper) to make loud noises in the library. All of the students are studying. 8. The school sports meeting held last month was so __________ (excite) that all students cheered loudly for their classmates. imformal 一. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 unsafe improper exciting Exercise 二、选择题。 1.You’d better put your bag on your knees. It’s ________ to take up two seats on the bus. A. proper B. polite C. improper D. common 2.—Did you understand the rules? —Yes, but they were ______ at first. A. confused   B. confusing   C. embarrassed   D. embarrassing 3.We should use ______ language to greet elders. A. unfriendly B. informal C. polite D. impatient 4.She is ______ to hear from her foreign friend. A. exciting   B.interested    C. interesting   D. excited Exercise $